WO2011105118A1 - 活性化フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成触媒の製造方法及び炭化水素の製造方法 - Google Patents
活性化フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成触媒の製造方法及び炭化水素の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011105118A1 WO2011105118A1 PCT/JP2011/050126 JP2011050126W WO2011105118A1 WO 2011105118 A1 WO2011105118 A1 WO 2011105118A1 JP 2011050126 W JP2011050126 W JP 2011050126W WO 2011105118 A1 WO2011105118 A1 WO 2011105118A1
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- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- reduction
- activated
- synthesis catalyst
- hydrogen
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 35
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims description 19
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 title description 12
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 150000001869 cobalt compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000003304 ruthenium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical group [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical group [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical group O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 31
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 150000003755 zirconium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- BDSSZTXPZHIYHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenoxypropanoyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C(C)OC1=CC=CC=C1 BDSSZTXPZHIYHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- LYTNHSCLZRMKON-UHFFFAOYSA-L oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+);diacetate Chemical compound [O-2].[Zr+4].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O LYTNHSCLZRMKON-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910020599 Co 3 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propionic acid Chemical class CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001981 cobalt nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004675 formic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003840 hydrochlorides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- -1 nitrogen Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005504 petroleum refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013074 reference sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001925 ruthenium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Ru]=O WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010301 surface-oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PFXYQVJESZAMSV-UHFFFAOYSA-K zirconium(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr](Cl)Cl PFXYQVJESZAMSV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/40—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by dimensions, e.g. grain size
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/066—Zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/08—Silica
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/74—Iron group metals
- B01J23/75—Cobalt
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/89—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals
- B01J23/8913—Cobalt and noble metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/64—Pore diameter
- B01J35/647—2-50 nm
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/009—Preparation by separation, e.g. by filtration, decantation, screening
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0201—Impregnation
- B01J37/0207—Pretreatment of the support
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/08—Heat treatment
- B01J37/082—Decomposition and pyrolysis
- B01J37/088—Decomposition of a metal salt
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/12—Oxidising
- B01J37/14—Oxidising with gases containing free oxygen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/16—Reducing
- B01J37/18—Reducing with gases containing free hydrogen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/34—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation
- B01J37/341—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation making use of electric or magnetic fields, wave energy or particle radiation
- B01J37/343—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation making use of electric or magnetic fields, wave energy or particle radiation of ultrasonic wave energy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
- C10G2/30—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
- C10G2/32—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts
- C10G2/33—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts characterised by the catalyst used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/40—Characteristics of the process deviating from typical ways of processing
- C10G2300/4006—Temperature
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/70—Catalyst aspects
- C10G2300/703—Activation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing an activated catalyst used in a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction and a method for producing a hydrocarbon.
- FT synthesis reaction a so-called Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction in which carbon monoxide is reduced with hydrogen
- FT synthesis reaction a so-called Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction in which carbon monoxide is reduced with hydrogen
- FT synthesis reaction a so-called Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction in which carbon monoxide is reduced with hydrogen
- FT synthesis catalyst As a catalyst used in the FT synthesis method (hereinafter also referred to as “FT synthesis catalyst”), a catalyst in which an active metal such as iron, cobalt, ruthenium is supported on a porous inorganic carrier such as silica or alumina. It is general (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In addition, in the FT synthesis catalyst, it is reported that the catalyst performance is improved by using a combination of the second component metal compound in addition to the active metal (see, for example, Patent Documents 2 and 3). .
- Examples of the metal of the second component include sodium, magnesium, lithium, zirconium, hafnium, etc., which are appropriately used depending on the purpose, such as improvement of carbon monoxide conversion rate or increase of chain growth probability as an index of the amount of wax produced. Has been.
- an FT synthesis catalyst carries a metal compound containing an active metal component on a carrier in which a second metal component is supported on a porous inorganic oxide, and calcinates this to convert the active metal component into an oxide. It is manufactured by doing. Further, by reducing the catalyst, the active metal component is converted from an oxide to a metal, thereby obtaining an FT synthesis catalyst having high activity (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “activated FT synthesis catalyst”). This is subjected to the FT synthesis reaction.
- Co 3 O 4 which is a cobalt species produced on a support by calcination. Is finally reduced to Co (metal Co) via CoO.
- RuO is reduced to Ru.
- the FT synthesis catalyst is subjected to a reduction treatment in an apparatus attached to the catalyst manufacturing facility, and then the outer surface is coated with wax or the like for the purpose of preventing a decrease in activity due to contact with air during transportation.
- the catalyst is stabilized by lightly oxidizing the outer surface of the catalyst and then transported to a hydrocarbon production facility where the FT synthesis method is carried out.
- the “activated FT synthesis catalyst” includes a catalyst subjected to the stabilization treatment.
- the catalyst is often low in activity at the initial stage of the reaction. Therefore, when the FT synthesis reaction is carried out by the conventional activation method, particularly using an activated FT synthesis catalyst activated on a commercial scale, the target hydrocarbon can be obtained in a high yield from the initial stage of the reaction. It was difficult.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and was obtained by a method for producing an activated FT synthesis catalyst capable of exhibiting high activity from the initial stage of the FT synthesis reaction, and the production method thereof.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a hydrocarbon production method using an activated FT synthesis catalyst.
- an activated FT synthesis catalyst obtained by reducing a catalyst having a specific composition by a specific step is from the beginning of the FT synthesis reaction.
- the inventors have found that the present invention exhibits high activity and have completed the present invention.
- the present invention relates to a catalyst containing a porous inorganic oxide on a catalyst in which 3 to 50 parts by mass of a cobalt compound and / or a ruthenium compound are supported as metal atoms with respect to 100 parts by mass of the support.
- a hydrogen reduction step in which reduction is performed at a temperature of 300 to 600 ° C. in a gas containing hydrogen, and a CO reduction step in which reduction is carried out at a temperature of 200 to 400 ° C. in a gas not containing molecular hydrogen but containing carbon monoxide
- a method for producing an activated Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst is a method for producing an activated Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst.
- the porous inorganic oxide is preferably silica and / or alumina.
- a stabilization treatment step of stabilizing the activated catalyst may be further provided.
- the degree of reduction of cobalt atoms and / or ruthenium atoms in the activated Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst is 70 to 95 mol%.
- the activated Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst whose degree of reduction is measured is after the hydrogen reduction step and the CO reduction step, and when the stabilization treatment step is further performed, This is after the stabilization process.
- the degree of reduction of cobalt atoms and / or ruthenium atoms refers to metal cobalt (Co (0)) and / or metal ruthenium (Ru) with respect to all cobalt atoms and / or ruthenium atoms contained in the activated FT synthesis catalyst. (0)) ratio (mol%).
- a value obtained using a TPR (Temperature Programmed Reduction) measuring device is adopted. Details of the measurement will be described later.
- the carrier containing the porous inorganic oxide further contains zirconium.
- the present invention provides a hydrocarbon characterized by subjecting a raw material containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas to a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction in the presence of an activated Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst produced by the above method.
- a manufacturing method is provided.
- the porous inorganic oxide used as the carrier according to the production method of the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include silica, alumina, titania, magnesia, etc., preferably silica or alumina, and silica is particularly preferred. preferable.
- the property of the porous inorganic oxide is not particularly limited, but the specific surface area measured by a nitrogen adsorption method is preferably 50 to 800 m 2 / g, more preferably 150 to 500 m 2 / g. Further, the average pore diameter of the porous inorganic oxide measured by the nitrogen adsorption method is preferably 6 to 40 nm, and more preferably 10 to 20 nm.
- the shape of the porous inorganic oxide is not particularly limited, but considering practicality, the spherical shape, the cylindrical shape and the cross section generally used in petroleum refining and petrochemical equipment are three-leaf type, four-leaf type. A cylindrical shape having an irregular cross section such as a mold is preferable. Further, the particle diameter is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 ⁇ m to 10 mm for practical use.
- the carrier containing a porous inorganic oxide according to the production method of the present invention preferably further contains zirconium.
- the support containing the porous inorganic oxide contains zirconium, it is possible to suppress a decrease in activity over time during the reaction of the activated Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst containing the support.
- Zirconium is preferably supported on the porous inorganic oxide in the form of zirconium oxide.
- the zirconium oxide is preferably supported at a high concentration near the surface of the porous inorganic oxide.
- a carrier made of a porous inorganic oxide containing zirconium in the above-described form can be produced, for example, by the following method. That is, first, the porous inorganic oxide is pretreated with an aqueous solution having a pH of 7 or less.
- the aqueous solution having a pH of 7 or less used at this time include nitric acid aqueous solution, acetic acid aqueous solution, sulfuric acid aqueous solution, hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, ion-exchanged water, and distilled water.
- the pH is preferably 5 to 7, and more preferably 6 to 7.
- the pretreatment can be performed, for example, by adding an aqueous solution having a pH of 7 or less to a container containing a porous inorganic oxide.
- the time for immersing the porous inorganic oxide in an aqueous solution having a pH of 7 or less is about 10 to 72 hours when left standing, about 1 to 12 hours when vibrating, and about 1 to 30 minutes when irradiating ultrasonic waves. Is preferred.
- an excessive amount of a solution containing a zirconium compound is added to the container containing the pretreated porous inorganic oxide and impregnated, whereby the zirconium compound can be supported on the porous inorganic oxide. it can.
- the excessive amount here means the volume amount more than twice with respect to the volume which a porous inorganic oxide occupies.
- zirconium compound zirconyl sulfate, zirconyl acetate, zirconyl ammonium carbonate, zirconium trichloride and the like can be used, and zirconyl ammonium carbonate and zirconyl acetate are preferable.
- the amount of zirconium supported is preferably 40 parts by mass or less, more preferably 1 to 30 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the porous inorganic oxide as zirconium atoms.
- the time for loading the zirconium compound is not particularly limited depending on the loading, but is usually 3 to 72 hours.
- the solution and the support are separated, and then the support is dried.
- the drying method is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include heat drying in air and deaeration drying under reduced pressure. Usually, drying is performed at a temperature of 100 to 200 ° C., preferably 110 to 130 ° C., for 2 to 24 hours, preferably 5 to 12 hours.
- the support is fired to convert the zirconium compound into an oxide.
- the firing method is not particularly limited, but it can be usually performed at 340 to 600 ° C., preferably 400 to 450 ° C. for 1 to 5 hours in an air atmosphere.
- cobalt and / or ruthenium which are active metals are supported on the support containing zirconium.
- the active metal in the FT synthesis catalyst ruthenium, cobalt, iron and the like can be mentioned, but as the active metal according to the method for producing the catalyst of the present invention, in order to make use of the characteristics of zirconium which is the second metal component, Cobalt or ruthenium or a combination of cobalt and ruthenium is preferred.
- the cobalt compound and / or ruthenium compound used for supporting cobalt and / or ruthenium is not particularly limited, and salts or complexes of these metals can be used.
- the amount of cobalt and / or ruthenium supported on the carrier is not particularly limited, but generally 3 to 50 parts by weight, preferably 10 to 30 parts by weight as a metal atom is supported with respect to 100 parts by weight of the carrier. can do.
- the supported amount is less than 3 parts by mass, the activity of the catalyst tends to be insufficient.
- metal aggregation tends to occur, so a practical FT synthesis catalyst.
- the utility value tends to be low.
- drying is usually performed at a temperature of 100 to 200 ° C., preferably 110 to 130 ° C., for 2 to 24 hours, preferably 5 to 10 hours.
- the support on which the compound containing the active metal is supported is calcined in an air atmosphere at 340 to 600 ° C., preferably 400 to 450 ° C. for 1 to 5 hours to convert the compound containing the active metal into an oxide, ie, Conversion to cobalt oxide and / or ruthenium oxide.
- an FT synthesis catalyst is obtained.
- the above-mentioned FT synthesis catalyst may be used for the FT synthesis reaction as it is, but generally the activity for the FT synthesis reaction is low as it is. Therefore, the catalyst is generally reduced and activated by converting an active metal species from an oxide to a metal, and is generally used as an activated FT synthesis catalyst before being subjected to an FT synthesis reaction.
- the catalyst is generally reduced in a gas containing molecular hydrogen typified by hydrogen gas.
- a gas containing molecular hydrogen typified by hydrogen gas.
- the reduction of the active metal is insufficient and a high degree of reduction cannot be obtained, and the activity of the resulting activated FT synthesis catalyst is not sufficient.
- the tendency was remarkable in reduction in a commercial scale apparatus.
- this cause when the active metal species are reduced from the oxide state to the metal state by molecular hydrogen, water is generated, and this water inhibits the reduction of the active metal species. I think that is true.
- a hydrogen reduction step of reducing in a gas containing molecular hydrogen, carbon monoxide not containing molecular hydrogen, and And a CO reduction step of performing reduction in the contained gas In particular, it is preferable to provide a CO reduction step after the hydrogen reduction step.
- the gas containing molecular hydrogen used in the hydrogen reduction step according to the production method of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it contains molecular hydrogen (hydrogen gas), but hydrogen gas, hydrogen gas and nitrogen, etc. Examples thereof include a mixed gas with an inert gas, and hydrogen gas is preferable. In addition, it is not preferable that the gas containing molecular hydrogen contains carbon monoxide because an FT synthesis reaction occurs during the reduction treatment and there is a concern about a temperature rise or the like.
- the temperature in the hydrogen reduction step is 300 ° C. to 600 ° C., preferably 350 ° C. to 500 ° C.
- the temperature in the hydrogen reduction step is 300 ° C. to 600 ° C., preferably 350 ° C. to 500 ° C.
- the temperature is lower than 300 degreeC, it exists in the tendency for obtaining the reduction degree of required active metal seed
- the temperature exceeds 600 ° C. the aggregation of the active metal proceeds and the activity tends to decrease rather.
- the treatment time in the hydrogen reduction step is determined in consideration of the temperature, and also depends on the form of the apparatus to be used. Therefore, the treatment time is not generally limited, but is generally 1 to 60 hours.
- the catalyst needs to be subjected to a CO reduction step in which reduction is performed in a gas containing carbon monoxide without containing molecular hydrogen, in addition to the hydrogen reduction step. Further, it is preferable that the catalyst first undergoes the hydrogen reduction step and then further reduced in the CO reduction step.
- the gas that does not contain molecular hydrogen and contains carbon monoxide used in the CO reduction step is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include carbon monoxide gas, a mixed gas of carbon monoxide and an inert gas such as nitrogen, and the like. Carbon oxide gas is preferred. Note that the gas containing carbon monoxide without containing molecular hydrogen is allowed to be mixed with hydrogen gas as long as it is in a trace amount.
- the temperature in the CO reduction step is 200 to 400 ° C., preferably 280 to 350 ° C.
- the said temperature is lower than 200 degreeC, it exists in the tendency for sufficient reduction degree of an active metal not to be obtained.
- the temperature exceeds 400 ° C. carbon representing carbon nanotubes tends to be easily generated from carbon monoxide.
- the activated FT synthesis catalyst obtained as described above may have a decrease in activity due to oxidation of the active metal when exposed to air. Therefore, especially when the activated catalyst is exposed to air, such as when the catalyst production facility and the facility for performing the FT synthesis reaction using the catalyst are separated, the activated FT synthesis obtained by reduction In order to prevent a decrease in activity even if the catalyst is exposed to air, the catalyst is transferred after being stabilized.
- the outer surface of the activated FT synthesis catalyst is coated with wax or the like, so that the contact with air is cut off.
- the outer surface of the activated FT synthesis catalyst is slightly oxidized. In general, a method of forming an oxide layer and preventing further oxidation from proceeding by contact with air is used.
- the stabilization treatment when a method of slightly oxidizing the outer surface of the activated FT synthesis catalyst is employed, the reduction degree of the active metal atoms is lower than that of the activated FT synthesis catalyst before the stabilization treatment. Slightly decreased and initial activity for FT synthesis reaction also decreased slightly. However, since the stabilized catalyst can be used for the FT synthesis reaction without activation by re-reduction, this form of catalyst is also included in the activated FT synthesis catalyst.
- the reduction degree of cobalt atoms and / or ruthenium atoms contained in the activated FT synthesis catalyst obtained by the production method of the present invention is preferably 70 to 95 mol%.
- the degree of reduction is less than 70 mol%, the activity of the catalyst tends to be low.
- a remarkably high temperature or a long time is required, which is not efficient.
- the active metal tends to aggregate and the activity tends to decrease.
- various combinations of conditions such as reduction temperature and reduction time in each of the hydrogen reduction step and the CO reduction step can be selected. These conditions also vary depending on the apparatus used for the reduction step. By using the degree of reduction as an index, it is possible to select these suitable conditions.
- the reduction degree of the active metal atom contained in a catalyst is measured as follows using a TPR measuring device.
- an unreduced catalyst in which the active metal is in an oxide state
- the amount of MASS18 H 2 O
- a TPR measurement is performed on the catalyst sample using a TPR measurement device under the same conditions as the unreduced catalyst, and the amount of MASS 18 is measured.
- the degree of reduction is calculated from the ratio between the MASS 18 amount and the MASS 18 amount for the aforementioned unreduced catalyst.
- the target is an activated FT synthesis catalyst that has not been subjected to stabilization treatment
- the base unreduced catalyst is first subjected to reduction treatment under the corresponding reduction conditions in the TPR measurement device, and then the device is used. Cool and perform TPR measurement. Then, in the same manner as described above, the amount of MASS 18 is measured, and the reduction degree is calculated from the ratio between this value and the reference value.
- the reduction of the active metal atom is suppressed while suppressing aggregation of the active metal contained in the obtained activated FT synthesis catalyst through the reduction by the hydrogen reduction step and the reduction by the CO reduction step. Since it can improve, the initial reaction activity of this catalyst can be improved. Although the mechanism of this action is not clear, the present inventors consider as follows. When a catalyst having an active metal species in an oxide state is reduced in a gas containing molecular hydrogen, molecular hydrogen has a high reducing power, while water is generated from the molecular hydrogen and the oxide of the active metal. It is considered that this water hinders reaching a high degree of reduction by inhibiting the reduction of the active metal species.
- a method for carrying out the FT synthesis reaction using carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas as raw materials using the activated FT synthesis catalyst obtained by the production method of the present invention is not particularly limited, and a known method can be adopted.
- the reaction apparatus a fixed bed reaction apparatus or a slurry fluidized bed reaction apparatus is preferable. Further, the reaction is preferably carried out under the condition that the conversion rate of carbon monoxide as a raw material is 50% or more, more preferably in the range of 70 to 90%.
- a bubble column type fluidized bed reaction apparatus can be used.
- the activated FT synthesis catalyst obtained by the method of the present invention is added to hydrocarbon that is liquid at the reaction temperature (usually FT synthesized hydrocarbon produced in the reactor).
- a suspended slurry is contained, and a mixed gas of carbon monoxide gas and hydrogen gas (generally a synthetic gas obtained by reforming hydrocarbons such as natural gas) is introduced into the bottom of the reaction tower.
- the mixed gas becomes bubbles and dissolves in the hydrocarbon while rising in the slurry, and comes into contact with the catalyst to generate hydrocarbon.
- the FT synthesis catalyst to be used may be used as it is when it is supplied in the form of an activated FT synthesis catalyst subjected to stabilization treatment.
- the wax or the like is dissolved in the hydrocarbon and exhibits its activity.
- the catalyst when the catalyst is supplied in a form in which the active metal species contained in the catalyst is in an oxide state (the state before the hydrogen reduction step and the CO reduction step), it is included in or attached to the FT synthesis reactor.
- the activated FT synthesis catalyst is produced and subjected to the reaction by performing the hydrogen reduction step and the CO reduction step according to the production method of the activated FT synthesis catalyst of the present invention.
- the reaction temperature can be determined by the target carbon monoxide conversion, but is preferably 150 to 300 ° C, more preferably 170 to 250 ° C.
- the reaction pressure is preferably 0.5 to 5.0 MPa, more preferably 2.0 to 4.0 MPa. If the reaction pressure is less than 0.5 MPa, the carbon monoxide conversion tends to be difficult to be 50% or more, and if it exceeds 5.0 MPa, it tends to generate heat locally, which is not preferable. .
- the hydrogen / carbon monoxide ratio (molar ratio) in the raw material gas is preferably 0.5 to 4.0, and more preferably 1.0 to 2.5. If this molar ratio is less than 0.5, the reaction temperature tends to be high and the catalyst tends to be deactivated. If it exceeds 4.0, the amount of methane, which is an undesirable byproduct, tends to increase.
- the gas hourly space velocity of the raw material gas is 500 ⁇ 5000h -1, still more preferably 1000 ⁇ 2500h -1.
- the gas space velocity is low productivity for the same amount of catalyst is less than 500h -1, greater than 5000h -1, the conversion of carbon monoxide is not preferable because less likely to over 50%.
- the catalyst By using the activated FT synthesis catalyst produced by the method of the present invention, the catalyst exhibits higher activity than the initial reaction, and hydrocarbons can be obtained in a higher yield than the initial reaction.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described preferred embodiments, and can be appropriately modified without departing from the gist of the present invention.
- Example 1 (Preparation of catalyst) 30 g of spherical silica (average pore diameter 10 nm, average particle diameter 1.8 mm) was weighed into a 250 ml glass bottle, 100 ml of a pH 6.6 nitric acid aqueous solution was added thereto, and ultrasonic waves were irradiated at 40 ° C. for 10 minutes. Thereafter, about 50 ml of the supernatant was sucked with a Pasteur pipette, 150 ml of a 0.2 mol / L zirconyl ammonium carbonate aqueous solution was added, and the mixture was allowed to stand at room temperature for 24 hours. Then, after filtering with a filter paper, it vacuum-dried at 120 degreeC for 6 hours, Then, the support
- the obtained carrier was impregnated with an aqueous cobalt nitrate solution in an amount corresponding to 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the carrier as metallic cobalt by the Incipient Wetness method. After impregnation, it was dried at 120 ° C. for 12 hours, and then calcined at 420 ° C. for 3 hours to obtain an unreduced catalyst.
- this catalyst was reduced at 450 ° C. for 7 hours under a hydrogen stream (hydrogen reduction step). Thereafter, the reduction was continued for 3 hours at 300 ° C. under a CO stream (CO reduction step). Thereby, an activated FT synthesis catalyst was obtained.
- the degree of reduction of cobalt atoms in the activated FT synthesis catalyst was obtained by sampling a small amount of the unreduced catalyst and pre-treating under the same reduction conditions as the above conditions (hydrogen reduction process and CO reduction process). Then, the measurement was performed by the method described above.
- Example 2 An activated FT synthesis catalyst was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the cobalt loading was changed to 40 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the support, and an FT synthesis reaction was performed using this catalyst. Moreover, the reduction degree of the cobalt atom in the activated FT synthesis catalyst was measured by the same method as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 3 An activated FT synthesis catalyst was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a stabilization treatment step by mild outer surface oxidation was added after the CO reduction step, and an FT synthesis reaction was performed using this catalyst.
- a stabilization treatment step after the CO reduction step, the obtained catalyst was charged into a fixed bed flow type reactor and oxidized at 200 ° C. for 1 hour in a 1% by volume-O 2 / N 2 stream. Further, the reduction degree of the cobalt atom in the activated FT synthesis catalyst was measured by the above-described method by sampling a small amount of the unreduced catalyst and the catalyst after the stabilization treatment step. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 4 An activated FT synthesis catalyst was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the cobalt support was changed to the ruthenium support (supported amount: 10 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of the support), and the FT synthesis reaction was performed using this catalyst. It was. Nitrate was used as the ruthenium precursor. Further, the reduction degree of the ruthenium atom in the activated FT synthesis catalyst was measured by the same method as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 1 An activated FT synthesis catalyst was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the reduction time under a hydrogen stream was 10 hours and the reduction under a CO stream was not performed, and an FT synthesis reaction was performed using this catalyst. . Moreover, the reduction degree of the cobalt atom in the activated FT synthesis catalyst was measured by the same method as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 2 An activated FT synthesis catalyst was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the reduction temperature under a CO stream was changed to 180 ° C., and an FT synthesis reaction was performed using this catalyst. Moreover, the reduction degree of the cobalt atom in the activated FT synthesis catalyst was measured by the same method as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 3 An activated FT synthesis catalyst was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the reduction temperature under a CO stream was changed to 500 ° C., and an FT synthesis reaction was performed using this catalyst. Moreover, the reduction degree of the cobalt atom in the activated FT synthesis catalyst was measured by the same method as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 4 An activated FT synthesis catalyst was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of cobalt supported was changed to 2 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the support and the reduction time under a hydrogen stream was changed to 20 hours. FT synthesis reaction was performed using Moreover, the reduction degree of the cobalt atom in the activated FT synthesis catalyst was measured by the same method as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 5 An activated FT synthesis catalyst was produced in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the reduction time under a hydrogen stream was 10 hours and the reduction under a CO stream was not performed, and an FT synthesis reaction was performed using this catalyst. . Further, the reduction degree of the ruthenium atom in the activated FT synthesis catalyst was measured by the same method as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
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Abstract
Description
(触媒の調製)
球状のシリカ(平均細孔径10nm、平均粒子径1.8mm)30gを250mlのガラス瓶に秤量し、そこへpH6.6の硝酸水溶液100mlを加え、超音波を40℃で10分照射した。その後、約50mlの上澄み液をパスツールピペットで吸出し、濃度0.2mol/Lの炭酸ジルコニールアンモニウム水溶液150mlを加えて24時間室温で放置した。その後、ろ紙でろ過した後、120℃で6時間真空乾燥を行い、次いで空気雰囲気下、430℃で3時間焼成することで担体を得た。
上記処理後の触媒5gを、酸化されないように不活性雰囲気下、ドライボックス中で取り出し、セタン30mlと共に内容積100mlのオートクレーブに移し、オートクレーブ中にてフィッシャー・トロプシュ合成反応を行った。水素/一酸化炭素が2/1(モル比)の混合ガスを原料とし、W(触媒質量)/F(合成ガス流量)=3g・h/mol、温度230℃、圧力2.3MPa、攪拌速度1,000rpmにおいて反応を開始した。反応部出口のガス組成をガスクロマトグラフィーで経時的に分析し、この分析データからCO転化率を算出した。結果を表1に示す。
コバルト担持量を担体100質量部に対して40質量部に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして活性化FT合成触媒を製造し、これを用いてFT合成反応を行った。また、実施例1と同様の方法により、活性化FT合成触媒中のコバルト原子の還元度を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
CO還元工程の後に軽度の外表面酸化による安定化処理工程を追加した以外は実施例1と同様にして活性化FT合成触媒を製造し、これを用いてFT合成反応を行った。安定化処理工程としては、CO還元工程後、得られた触媒を固定床流通式反応装置に充填し、1体積%-O2/N2気流下、200℃で1時間酸化処理した。また、活性化FT合成触媒中のコバルト原子の還元度は、上記未還元の触媒、及び、安定化処理工程後の触媒の少量をそれぞれサンプリングし、前述の方法により測定を行った。結果を表1に示す。
コバルト担持をルテニウム担持(担持量:担体100質量部に対して10質量部)に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして活性化FT合成触媒を製造し、これを用いてFT合成反応を行った。ルテニウム前駆体としては硝酸物を用いた。また、実施例1と同様の方法により、活性化FT合成触媒中のルテニウム原子の還元度を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
水素気流下での還元時間を10時間とし、CO気流下での還元を行わなかった以外は実施例1と同様にして活性化FT合成触媒を製造し、これを用いてFT合成反応を行った。また、実施例1と同様の方法により、活性化FT合成触媒中のコバルト原子の還元度を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
CO気流下での還元温度を180℃に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして活性化FT合成触媒を製造し、これを用いてFT合成反応を行った。また、実施例1と同様の方法により、活性化FT合成触媒中のコバルト原子の還元度を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
CO気流下での還元温度を500℃に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして活性化FT合成触媒を製造し、これを用いてFT合成反応を行った。また、実施例1と同様の方法により、活性化FT合成触媒中のコバルト原子の還元度を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
コバルト担持量を担体100質量部に対して2質量部に変更し、水素気流下での還元時間を20時間に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして活性化FT合成触媒を製造し、これを用いてFT合成反応を行った。また、実施例1と同様の方法により、活性化FT合成触媒中のコバルト原子の還元度を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
水素気流下での還元時間を10時間とし、CO気流下での還元を行わなかった以外は実施例4と同様にして活性化FT合成触媒を製造し、これを用いてFT合成反応を行った。また、実施例1と同様の方法により、活性化FT合成触媒中のルテニウム原子の還元度を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
Claims (7)
- 多孔性無機酸化物を含む担体に、該担体100質量部に対して金属原子として3~50質量部のコバルト化合物及び/又はルテニウム化合物が担持された触媒に対し、分子状水素を含む気体中において300~600℃の温度にて還元を行う水素還元工程と、分子状水素を含まず一酸化炭素を含む気体中において200~400℃の温度にて還元を行うCO還元工程と、を備えることを特徴とする活性化フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成触媒の製造方法。
- 前記水素還元工程の後に前記CO還元工程を設けることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の活性化フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成触媒の製造方法。
- 前記多孔性無機酸化物がシリカ及び/又はアルミナであることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の活性化フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成触媒の製造方法。
- 前記水素還元工程及び前記CO還元工程の両方を行った後に、活性化された触媒を安定化させる安定化処理工程を備えることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の活性化フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成触媒の製造方法。
- 活性化フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成触媒におけるコバルト原子及び/又はルテニウム原子の還元度が70~95モル%であることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の活性化フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成触媒の製造方法。
- 前記多孔性無機酸化物を含む担体が、更にジルコニウムを含むことを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の活性化フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成触媒の製造方法。
- 請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の方法により製造された活性化フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成触媒の存在下に、一酸化炭素と水素ガスとを含む原料をフィッシャー・トロプシュ合成反応に供することを特徴とする炭化水素の製造方法。
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US13/580,239 US8557879B2 (en) | 2010-02-26 | 2011-01-06 | Process for production of activated Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst, and process for production of hydrocarbon |
RU2012141026/04A RU2556211C2 (ru) | 2010-02-26 | 2011-01-06 | Способ получения активированного катализатора синтеза фишера-тропша и способ получения углеводородов |
AU2011219264A AU2011219264B2 (en) | 2010-02-26 | 2011-01-06 | Process for production of activated Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst, and process for production of hydrocarbon |
CN201180011182.7A CN102770204B (zh) | 2010-02-26 | 2011-01-06 | 活化费托合成催化剂的制造方法以及烃的制造方法 |
CA2790389A CA2790389C (en) | 2010-02-26 | 2011-01-06 | Process for production of activated fischer-tropsch synthesis catalyst, and process for production of hydrocarbon |
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CN103406137A (zh) * | 2013-08-09 | 2013-11-27 | 南京大学 | 用于费托合成的氮掺杂碳纳米管负载型催化剂 |
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JP5698851B2 (ja) * | 2012-09-21 | 2015-04-08 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成用触媒及びその製造方法、並びに炭化水素の製造方法 |
BR112015009184B1 (pt) * | 2012-10-24 | 2020-10-06 | Sasol Technology (Proprietary) Limited | Processo para a preparação de um catalisador de síntese de hidrocarbonetos contendo cobalto e processo para a produção de hidrocarboneto |
JP6007167B2 (ja) * | 2013-11-18 | 2016-10-12 | Jxエネルギー株式会社 | フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成用触媒の製造方法及び炭化水素の製造方法 |
WO2016091695A1 (en) | 2014-12-12 | 2016-06-16 | Bp P.L.C. | Process for producing a reductively activated fischer-tropsch synthesis catalyst, and process for producing hydrocarbons using the same |
WO2016091694A1 (en) | 2014-12-12 | 2016-06-16 | Bp P.L.C. | Process for producing a supported, partially reductively activated fischer-tropsch synthesis catalyst, and process for producing hydrocarbons using the same |
WO2016091696A1 (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2016-06-16 | Bp P.L.C. | Process for producing a partially reductively activated fischer-tropsch synthesis catalyst, and process for producing hydrocarbons using the same |
WO2016091692A1 (en) | 2014-12-12 | 2016-06-16 | Bp P.L.C. | Process for producing a supported reductively activated fischer-tropsch synthesis catalyst, and process for producing hydrocarbons using the same |
FR3039432B1 (fr) * | 2015-07-31 | 2017-08-04 | Ifp Energies Now | Procede de preparation d'un catalyseur destine a etre mis en œuvre dans une reaction fischer-tropsch. |
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CN109675593B (zh) * | 2017-10-18 | 2021-07-09 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 含铁费托合成催化剂及其制备方法和费托合成反应的方法 |
CN109675642B (zh) * | 2017-10-18 | 2021-07-09 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 微通道费托合成催化剂及其制备方法和费托合成反应的方法 |
CN113467387A (zh) * | 2020-03-31 | 2021-10-01 | 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 | 用于活化费托合成催化剂过程的控制图、监控方法及装置 |
JP2023003018A (ja) * | 2021-06-23 | 2023-01-11 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | ロッカモール |
US20230015935A1 (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2023-01-19 | Emerging Fuels Technology, Inc. | Method for the activation or rejuvenation of a catalyst |
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JP2011177626A (ja) | 2011-09-15 |
CN102770204B (zh) | 2014-11-12 |
JP5676120B2 (ja) | 2015-02-25 |
MY156584A (en) | 2016-03-15 |
RU2012141026A (ru) | 2014-04-10 |
CN102770204A (zh) | 2012-11-07 |
AU2011219264A1 (en) | 2012-09-06 |
RU2556211C2 (ru) | 2015-07-10 |
ZA201206409B (en) | 2013-03-27 |
US8557879B2 (en) | 2013-10-15 |
CA2790389A1 (en) | 2011-09-01 |
US20130041052A1 (en) | 2013-02-14 |
CA2790389C (en) | 2017-05-23 |
AU2011219264B2 (en) | 2016-07-14 |
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