WO2011083689A1 - 色素増感太陽電池におけるバッファ層の形成方法 - Google Patents
色素増感太陽電池におけるバッファ層の形成方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011083689A1 WO2011083689A1 PCT/JP2010/073083 JP2010073083W WO2011083689A1 WO 2011083689 A1 WO2011083689 A1 WO 2011083689A1 JP 2010073083 W JP2010073083 W JP 2010073083W WO 2011083689 A1 WO2011083689 A1 WO 2011083689A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- buffer layer
- transparent electrode
- forming
- dye
- solar cell
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 83
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 58
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 description 10
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 8
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000002165 photosensitisation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003504 photosensitizing agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium(IV) isopropoxide Chemical compound CC(C)O[Ti](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- ZYGHJZDHTFUPRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N coumarin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC(=O)C=CC2=C1 ZYGHJZDHTFUPRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 4
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 polyethylene naphthalate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 3
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- JFJNVIPVOCESGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dipyridin-2-ylpyridine Chemical group N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CN=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 JFJNVIPVOCESGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bipyridyl Chemical group N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)=O YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- LYQFWZFBNBDLEO-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].[Cs+] LYQFWZFBNBDLEO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960000956 coumarin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000001671 coumarin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007610 electrostatic coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007590 electrostatic spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- YQGOJNYOYNNSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N eosin Chemical compound [Na+].OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C1=C2C=C(Br)C(=O)C(Br)=C2OC2=C(Br)C(O)=C(Br)C=C21 YQGOJNYOYNNSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 2
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- DZVCFNFOPIZQKX-LTHRDKTGSA-M merocyanine Chemical compound [Na+].O=C1N(CCCC)C(=O)N(CCCC)C(=O)C1=C\C=C\C=C/1N(CCCS([O-])(=O)=O)C2=CC=CC=C2O\1 DZVCFNFOPIZQKX-LTHRDKTGSA-M 0.000 description 2
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011112 polyethylene naphthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004032 porphyrins Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodamine B Chemical compound [Cl-].C=12C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC2=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Chemical compound [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 125000005207 tetraalkylammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- SZTSOGYCXBVMMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dimethyl-1-propylimidazole;hydroiodide Chemical compound [I-].CCC[NH+]1C=C(C)N=C1C SZTSOGYCXBVMMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ADSOSINJPNKUJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butylpyridine Chemical group CCCCC1=CC=CC=N1 ADSOSINJPNKUJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QKPVEISEHYYHRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxyacetonitrile Chemical compound COCC#N QKPVEISEHYYHRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical class [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012327 Ruthenium complex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910009372 YVO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M iodide Chemical compound [I-] XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940006461 iodide ion Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002496 iodine Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004698 iron complex Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001509 metal bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001511 metal iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000484 niobium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003207 poly(ethylene-2,6-naphthalate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003303 ruthenium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- LLZRNZOLAXHGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanic acid Chemical compound O[Ti](O)(O)O LLZRNZOLAXHGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JMXKSZRRTHPKDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium ethoxide Chemical compound [Ti+4].CC[O-].CC[O-].CC[O-].CC[O-] JMXKSZRRTHPKDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten trioxide Chemical compound O=[W](=O)=O ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc indium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[In+3] YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
- H01G9/2027—Light-sensitive devices comprising an oxide semiconductor electrode
- H01G9/2031—Light-sensitive devices comprising an oxide semiconductor electrode comprising titanium oxide, e.g. TiO2
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0216—Coatings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
- H01G9/2059—Light-sensitive devices comprising an organic dye as the active light absorbing material, e.g. adsorbed on an electrode or dissolved in solution
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K71/40—Thermal treatment, e.g. annealing in the presence of a solvent vapour
- H10K71/421—Thermal treatment, e.g. annealing in the presence of a solvent vapour using coherent electromagnetic radiation, e.g. laser annealing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/542—Dye sensitized solar cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for forming a buffer layer in a dye-sensitized solar cell.
- a dye-sensitized solar cell includes a transparent electrode in which a transparent conductive film is formed on a transparent substrate such as a glass plate, a counter electrode in which a transparent conductive film is similarly formed on the surface of the transparent substrate, and these It is composed of an iodine-based electrolyte layer disposed between both electrodes, and a photocatalytic film disposed between the two electrodes and on the surface of the transparent electrode.
- the photocatalytic film includes titanium oxide (TiO 2 ) and the like. It is known that after forming a metal oxide, dyeing a photosensitizing dye such as ruthenium.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a method for forming a buffer layer in a dye-sensitized solar cell in which a material that is weak against high temperature such as a synthetic resin can be used as a substrate.
- a first aspect of the present invention includes a transparent electrode, a counter electrode, an electrolyte layer disposed between both electrodes, and a photocatalytic film disposed between both electrodes and on the transparent electrode side.
- a method for forming a buffer layer disposed between the transparent electrode and the photocatalytic film in a dye-sensitized solar cell comprising: On the surface of the transparent electrode to be rotated, a mixed solution in which a metal alkoxide is contained in an alcohol solution in an amount of 0.03 to 5% by mass is supplied and applied by a spin coating method, or after application, by laser irradiation. It is a method of forming a buffer layer by sintering, and in the above formation method, it is a method of blowing a gas to a transparent electrode.
- the 2nd side surface of this invention is the pigment
- a method of forming a buffer layer disposed between the transparent electrode and the photocatalytic film in a sensitized solar cell A mixed solution containing 0.03 to 5% by mass of a metal alkoxide in an alcohol solution is applied to the surface of the rotating transparent electrode by an electrostatic spray method or a spray method, or after the application, laser light irradiation In this method, the buffer layer is formed by sintering.
- the third aspect of the present invention is the method for forming each buffer layer described above, wherein a mixed solution containing 0.03 to 5% by mass of a metal alkoxide in an alcohol solution is applied to the surface of the transparent electrode.
- a mixed solution containing 0.03 to 5% by mass of a metal alkoxide in an alcohol solution is applied to the surface of the transparent electrode.
- the atmosphere is in a reducing gas.
- the fourth aspect of the present invention is a method of spraying water when irradiating laser light in the above-described method for forming each buffer layer.
- a mixed solution containing 0.03 to 5% by mass of a metal alkoxide in an alcohol solution is applied to the surface of the transparent electrode, or After coating, this coating film is irradiated with laser light to sinter instantaneously, that is, it is not necessary to heat the entire electrode, so the substrate material of the transparent electrode has low heat resistance such as synthetic resin. Materials can be used. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the weight and cost of the solar cell itself, and since it is not necessary to heat the entire substrate, a large heating device is not required, so that the manufacturing equipment cost can be reduced. .
- the buffer layer has improved electrical characteristics (conductivity) and improved power generation efficiency.
- FIG. 1 It is sectional drawing which shows the basic composition of the dye-sensitized solar cell which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a side view explaining the Example of the formation method of the buffer layer which concerns on the same Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a schematic sectional drawing explaining the manufacturing method of the dye-sensitized solar cell which concerns on the same Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a side view explaining the Example of the formation method of the buffer layer which concerns on the same Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 2 It is sectional drawing explaining the formation method of the buffer layer which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention.
- the dye-sensitized solar cell includes a transparent electrode 1 as a negative electrode, a counter electrode 2 as a positive electrode, an electrolyte layer 3 disposed between the electrodes 1 and 2, and both electrodes 1. , 2 and a photocatalyst film (also a photocatalyst layer) 4 disposed on the transparent electrode 1 side, and a thickness of titanium oxide, zinc oxide or the like between the transparent electrode 1 and the photocatalyst film 4.
- a buffer layer 5 having a thickness of about several nanometers to several tens of nanometers is provided to prevent backflow of electrons.
- the transparent electrode 1 includes a transparent substrate 11 and a transparent conductive film 12 formed on the surface of the transparent substrate 11.
- the counter electrode 2 includes a transparent substrate 21 and a transparent conductive film 22 formed on the surface of the transparent substrate 21.
- a synthetic resin plate, a glass plate or the like is used as appropriate, but a thermoplastic resin such as a polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) film is preferable in terms of weight reduction and price reduction.
- PEN polyethylene naphthalate
- polyethylene terephthalate, polyester, polycarbonate, polyolefin and the like can also be used.
- tin-added indium oxide ITO
- FTO fluorine-added tin oxide
- SnO 2 tin oxide
- IZO indium zinc oxide
- a thin film containing a conductive metal oxide such as zinc oxide (ZnO) can be used.
- an iodine electrolyte solution is used as the electrolyte layer 3.
- an electrolyte component such as iodine, iodide ion or tertiary butyl pyridine dissolved in an organic solvent such as ethylene carbonate or methoxyacetonitrile is used.
- the electrolyte layer 3 is not limited to the electrolytic solution, and may be a solid electrolyte.
- DMPImI dimethylpropyl imidazolium iodide
- LiI, NaI, KI, CsI, metal iodide such as CaI 2, tetraalkylammonium iodide and quaternary ammonium compounds of a combination of a iodide and I 2, such as iodine salt, LiBr, NaBr, KBr, CsBr, CaBr metal bromide such as 2, and bromide and Br 2, such as bromine salts of tetraalkylammonium bromide and quaternary ammonium compounds And the like can be used as appropriate.
- the photocatalytic film 4 is formed of an oxide semiconductor layer 41 on which a photosensitizing dye 42 is adsorbed.
- a paste containing an oxide semiconductor as photocatalyst fine particles is applied to the surface of the transparent electrode 1 and dried, and then the photosensitizing dye is adsorbed onto the oxide semiconductor.
- oxide semiconductor examples include metal oxides such as titanium oxide (TiO 2 ), tin oxide (SnO 2 ), tungsten oxide (WO 3 ), zinc oxide (ZnO), and niobium oxide (Nb 2 O 5 ). Used.
- a ruthenium complex or iron complex having a ligand containing a bipyridine structure or a terpyridine structure, a porphyrin-based or phthalocyanine-based metal complex, or an organic dye such as eosin, rhodamine, merocyanine, or coumarin is used. It is done.
- the said counter electrode 2 was demonstrated as what formed the transparent conductive film 22 on the surface of the transparent substrate 21, metal sheets, such as aluminum, copper, and tin, can also be used.
- the counter electrode may be configured by holding a gel solid electrolyte in a mesh electrode made of metal such as aluminum, copper, tin or carbon or carbon.
- it forms so that the said transparent substrate 21 may be covered with the conductive adhesive layer on the single side
- the counter electrode 2 may be configured by transferring.
- the transparent electrode 1 is placed on a turntable 52 rotated by, for example, an electric motor 51, and then the turntable 52 is rotated by the electric motor 51, so that the transparent electrode 1 is predetermined within a horizontal plane. Rotate at the rotation speed of.
- a liquid mixture containing 0.03 to 5% by mass of a metal alkoxide in an alcohol solution is supplied to the center of the surface of the rotating transparent electrode 1 (more precisely, the surface of the transparent conductive film).
- a thin film (hereinafter referred to as a coating film) is formed by being supplied from the nozzle 53 and applied by spin coating.
- the rotation speed of the transparent electrode 1 is set in the range of 50 to 5000 rpm, and the rotation time is set in the range of 5 to 300 seconds.
- the buffer layer 5 is formed by irradiating a laser beam and sintering the surface of the transparent electrode 1.
- the buffer layer 5 since the laser beam is used for instantaneous sintering, it is possible to prevent the transparent electrode 1 from becoming a high temperature as a whole. That is, since the entire substrate is not heated, a material having low heat resistance, for example, a synthetic resin (so-called plastic) can be used.
- a synthetic resin so-called plastic
- a mixed solution obtained by mixing titanium oxide as photocatalyst fine particles with a metal alkoxide (titanium alkoxide) solution as a precursor is uniformly applied to the surface of the buffer layer 5 by spraying, and then applied to the coating film.
- the oxide semiconductor layer 41 is formed by irradiation with laser light (that is, irradiation from the coated surface side) and sintering. Then, the oxide semiconductor layer 41 is immersed in an immersion liquid containing the photosensitizing dye 42 to adsorb the dye, and then dried. Thereafter, it is preferable to perform further baking.
- the photosensitizing dye examples include ruthenium complexes and iron complexes having a ligand containing a bipyridine structure, a terpyridine structure, etc., porphyrin-based and phthalocyanine-based metal complexes, and organic compounds such as eosin, rhodamine, merocyanine, and coumarin.
- a dye can be used.
- a mixed solution of titanium oxide which is photocatalyst fine particles, and a precursor thereof is used.
- the photocatalyst fine particles a solvent (for example, an alcohol solution), a thickener, etc.
- a small amount of water or may be composed of photocatalyst fine particles and polyethylene glycol, distilled water or an acidic aqueous solution.
- the laser electrode is used for instantaneous sintering, so that the transparent electrode 1 is prevented from being heated to a high temperature as in the case of forming the buffer layer.
- the schematic assembly work of the dye-sensitized solar cell will be described with reference to FIG. First, as described above, a mixed solution containing 0.03 to 5% by mass of a metal alkoxide in an alcohol solution is applied to the surface of the transparent electrode 1 by spin coating, and then sintered by laser light. The buffer layer 5 is formed. Next, the photocatalyst film 4 is formed on the surface of the transparent electrode 1 on which the buffer layer 5 is formed on the buffer layer 5 side. Further, after the transparent electrode 1 on which the photocatalytic film 4 is formed and the counter electrode 2 are aligned, the gap between the electrodes 1 and 2 is sealed with a sealing material 6 such as a heat sealing film. Then, the electrolyte layer 3 may be formed by injecting a liquid electrolyte between the electrodes 1 and 2 through holes or gaps provided in advance in the transparent electrode 1 or the counter electrode 2.
- the peripheral parts should just be heated and adhere
- This heating may be performed by a mold, or may be performed by irradiation with an energy beam such as plasma (having a long wavelength), microwave, visible light (600 nm or more), and infrared rays.
- the laser beam is irradiated after forming the coating film on the surface of the transparent electrode.
- the laser beam may be irradiated while applying the mixed solution.
- Example 1 when forming the buffer layer on the surface of the transparent electrode, a mixed solution containing 0.03 to 5% by mass of a metal alkoxide in the alcohol solution was applied to the surface of the transparent electrode. After or after coating, the coating film was irradiated with laser light to sinter instantaneously. In other words, it was not necessary to heat the entire electrode. A material having low heat resistance can be used. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the weight and cost of the solar cell itself, and since it is not necessary to heat the entire substrate, a large heating device is not required, so that the manufacturing equipment cost can be reduced. .
- Example 1 Hereinafter, a method for forming a buffer layer in the dye-sensitized solar cell according to Example 1 which more specifically shows the first embodiment will be described.
- Example 1 first, a mixed solution in which a metal alkoxide was included in an alcohol solution was applied to a commercially available PEN-ITO film with a predetermined film thickness by spin coating.
- the initial speed was 500 rpm for 5 minutes, and the final speed was 4000 rpm for 60 seconds to obtain a coating film having a film thickness of about 5 nm.
- the buffer layer was obtained by irradiating a laser beam to this coating film, and sintering.
- the coating solution is not limited to these, and for example, titanium tetraethoxide, titanium tetrachloride, titanium hydroxide, or the like can be used.
- the metal species in the metal alkoxide is not limited to titanium oxide, and zinc oxide, niobium oxide, tungsten oxide, and the like can be used.
- the alcohol for dissolving the metal alkoxide is not limited to propanol, and t-butyl alcohol, ethoxyethanol, ethanol or the like can be used.
- diethanolamine or acetylacetone may be added for the purpose of suppressing hydrolysis in order to maintain stable performance.
- this laser light one in the visible light region to the near infrared region (700 nm to 1100 nm) is used.
- an Nd: YAG laser (1064 nm), an Nd: YVO4 laser (1064 nm), or a Ti: sapphire laser ( 650-1100 nm), Cr: LiSAF laser (780-1010 nm), and alexandrite laser (700-820 nm) can be used.
- the laser light irradiation device (not shown) is provided with a galvano scanner, and the laser irradiation position can be freely changed.
- Example 2 Next, a method for forming a buffer layer in the dye-sensitized solar cell according to Example 2 will be described.
- the buffer layer forming method according to the second embodiment uses the same spin coating method as that of the first embodiment described above, and as shown in FIG. 4, the gas is supplied from the gas supply nozzle 54 to the surface of the transparent electrode 1 as a gas. Air is blown. Specifically, air is blown while sequentially moving from the center of rotation to the periphery thereof. By blowing this air, it is possible to prevent the coating liquid from accumulating around the transparent electrode 1 and to apply the mixed solution thinly and uniformly even when the surface of the transparent electrode is rough (especially a synthetic resin plate).
- the buffer layer 5 that is uniform and thin throughout can be formed.
- the gas is not limited to air, but may be any gas that does not react with the mixed solution to be applied.
- the buffer layer may be formed by irradiating the coating film with laser light to sinter the metal alkoxide.
- the spin coating method is used when the mixed solution is applied to the surface of the transparent electrode, whereas the buffer layer according to the second embodiment is used.
- the electrostatic spray method is used. Therefore, the same constituent members as those in the first embodiment are simply described with the same member numbers.
- a needle electrode 62 is disposed at the center of a spray nozzle 61 that sprays a solution toward the transparent electrode 1, and the needle electrode 62 and the transparent electrode 1 are arranged.
- a DC power source 64 having a predetermined voltage is connected between the electrode 63 for application and a positive voltage is applied to the needle electrode 62 side during spraying, thereby charging the spray liquid and applying a negative voltage.
- the transparent electrode 1 is placed on the plane moving device 65 and configured to be able to move to an arbitrary position.
- Embodiment 2 a mixed solution in which a metal alkoxide is included in an alcohol solution is applied to a commercially available PEN-ITO film with a predetermined film thickness by an electrostatic spray method.
- a solution in which 0.05 g of titanium (IV) isopropoxide (TTIP) is dissolved in 99.95 g of propanol is used.
- Application conditions by the electrostatic spray method include: spray nozzle type, application solution viscosity, atomizing air pressure, pattern width, discharge amount, discharge pressure, nozzle moving speed, overlap width, distance between spray nozzle and transparent electrode. Application conditions may be selected as appropriate so that a desired film thickness can be obtained because these conditions vary depending on the equipment used.
- a two-fluid spray nozzle is used, the atomizing air pressure is 0.2 MPa, the discharge amount is 10 g / min, the distance between the spray nozzle and the transparent electrode is 20 cm, the applied voltage is 20 kV, and the nozzle moving speed.
- the nozzle moving speed was set to 300 m / min.
- the laser layer was irradiated and sintered to obtain the buffer layer 5 having a thickness of about 6 to 7 nm.
- AM is 1.5, 100 mW / cm 2.
- the current density was 7.27 mA / cm 2
- the open-circuit voltage was 0.76 V
- the fill factor was 0.74
- the conversion efficiency was 3.96%. Note that the case where the buffer layer is not formed is as described in Example 2 of the first embodiment.
- the electrostatic spray method is used.
- the mixed solution can be applied using a simple spray method that does not use static electricity.
- the method for forming this buffer layer comprises a dye sensitizer comprising a transparent electrode, a counter electrode, an electrolyte layer disposed between both electrodes, and a photocatalyst film disposed between both electrodes and on the transparent electrode side.
- a method for forming a buffer layer disposed between the transparent electrode and the photocatalytic film in a solar cell Applying a mixed solution obtained by adding 0.03 to 5% by mass of a metal alkoxide to an alcohol solution by a spray method or an electrostatic coating method on the surface of a transparent electrode that can be moved to an arbitrary position by a plane moving device, or In this method, the buffer layer is formed by sintering by applying laser light after coating.
- the transparent electrode can be moved to an arbitrary position by the plane moving device.
- the transparent electrode is placed on a turntable rotated by an electric motor and rotated. There may be.
- the current density is 6.64 mA / cm 2
- the open-circuit voltage is 0.71 V
- the fill factor is 0.69
- the conversion efficiency is 2.77%.
- the current density was 6.45 mA / cm 2
- the open-circuit voltage was 0.72 V
- the fill factor was 0.72
- the conversion efficiency was 3.34%.
- the spin coating method or the electrostatic spray method has been described to be used when the mixed solution is applied to the surface of the transparent electrode.
- a reducing gas that does not react with the buffer layer such as nitrogen gas or argon gas, is sprayed on the surface of the transparent electrode at the time of forming the buffer layer, that is, during coating or sintering with laser light, or The surroundings are placed under a reducing gas atmosphere.
- the mixed solution when applied, it is placed in a reducing gas atmosphere.
- an oxide film for example, a TiO 2 film
- the presence of a composition film such as a TiO or TiO x film improves electrical characteristics (conductivity) and improves power generation efficiency. The same applies when laser sintering is performed in a reducing gas atmosphere after application of the mixed solution.
- Embodiment 3 a mixed solution in which a metal alkoxide is contained in an alcohol solution is applied to a commercially available PEN-ITO film with a predetermined film thickness by an electrostatic spray method.
- a solution obtained by dissolving 0.03 g of titanium (IV) isopropoxide (TTIP) in 99.95 g of propanol is used.
- the power conversion efficiency is achieved by irradiation with a standard light source with AM of 1.5 and 100 mW / cm 2.
- the current density was 8.51 mA / cm 2
- the open circuit voltage was 0.71 V
- the fill factor was 0.66
- the conversion efficiency was 4.03%. Note that the case where the buffer layer is not formed is as described in Example 2 of the first embodiment.
- the buffer layer forming method according to the third embodiment will be briefly described as follows.
- the buffer layer is formed by a dye-sensitized solar comprising a transparent electrode, a counter electrode, an electrolyte layer disposed between the two electrodes, and a photocatalytic film disposed between the electrodes and on the transparent electrode side.
- a method for forming a buffer layer disposed between the transparent electrode and the photocatalytic film in a battery Applying a mixed solution obtained by adding 0.03 to 5% by mass of a metal alkoxide to an alcohol solution by a spray method or an electrostatic coating method on the surface of a transparent electrode that can be moved to an arbitrary position by a plane moving device, or After coating, a buffer layer is formed by sintering by laser light irradiation, Further, when the mixed solution is applied to the surface of the transparent electrode, or when the coating film is irradiated with a laser beam to be sintered, it is placed in an atmosphere of nitrogen gas.
- the transparent electrode can be moved to an arbitrary position by the plane moving device.
- the transparent electrode is placed on a turntable rotated by an electric motor and rotated. There may be.
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Abstract
Description
回転される透明電極の表面に、アルコール溶液に金属アルコキシドを0.03~5質量%含ませてなる混合溶液を供給してスピンコート法により塗布するとともに、または塗布した後に、レーザ光の照射により焼結させることによりバッファ層を形成する方法であり、また上記形成方法において、透明電極に気体を吹き付ける方法である。
回転される透明電極の表面に、アルコール溶液に金属アルコキシドを0.03~5質量%含ませてなる混合溶液を静電スプレー法またはスプレー法により塗布するとともに、または塗布した後に、レーザ光の照射により焼結させることによりバッファ層を形成する方法である。
以下、本発明の実施の形態1に係る色素増感太陽電池におけるバッファ層の形成方法を、図面に基づき説明する。
(実施例1)
以下、上記実施の形態1をより具体的に示した実施例1に係る色素増感太陽電池におけるバッファ層の形成方法について説明する。
(実施例2)
次に、実施例2に係る色素増感太陽電池におけるバッファ層の形成方法について説明する。
[実施の形態2]
次に、本発明の実施の形態2に係る色素増感太陽電池におけるバッファ層の形成方法を図5に基づき説明する。
平面移動装置により任意の位置に移動し得る透明電極の表面に、アルコール溶液に金属アルコキシドを0.03~5質量%含ませてなる混合溶液をスプレー法または静電塗布法により塗布するとともに、または塗布した後に、レーザ光の照射により焼結させることによりバッファ層を形成する方法である。
[実施の形態3]
次に、本発明の実施の形態3に係る色素増感太陽電池におけるバッファ層の形成方法について説明する。
平面移動装置により任意の位置に移動し得る透明電極の表面に、アルコール溶液に金属アルコキシドを0.03~5質量%含ませてなる混合溶液をスプレー法または静電塗布法により塗布するとともに、または塗布した後に、レーザ光の照射により焼結させることによりバッファ層を形成し、
さらに上記混合溶液を透明電極の表面に塗布する際に、またはその塗布膜にレーザ光を照射して焼結する際に、窒素ガスの雰囲気下に置くようにする方法である。
Claims (6)
- 透明電極と、対向電極と、これら両電極間に配置される電解質層と、両電極間で且つ透明電極側に配置される光触媒膜とを具備する色素増感太陽電池における上記透明電極と光触媒膜との間に配置されるバッファ層の形成方法であって、
回転される透明電極の表面に、アルコール溶液に金属アルコキシドを0.03~5質量%含ませてなる混合溶液を供給してスピンコート法により塗布するとともに、または塗布した後に、レーザ光の照射により焼結させることによりバッファ層を形成することを特徴とする色素増感太陽電池におけるバッファ層の形成方法。 - 透明電極に気体を吹き付けることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の色素増感太陽電池におけるバッファ層の形成方法。
- 透明電極と、対向電極と、これら両電極間に配置される電解質層と、両電極間で且つ透明電極側に配置される光触媒膜とを具備する色素増感太陽電池における上記透明電極と光触媒膜との間に配置されるバッファ層の形成方法であって、
回転される透明電極の表面に、アルコール溶液に金属アルコキシドを0.03~5質量%含ませてなる混合溶液を静電スプレー法またはスプレー法により塗布するとともに、または塗布した後に、レーザ光の照射により焼結させることによりバッファ層を形成することを特徴とする色素増感太陽電池におけるバッファ層の形成方法。 - アルコール溶液に金属アルコキシドを0.03~5質量%含ませてなる混合溶液を透明電極の表面に塗布する際に、またはその塗布膜にレーザ光を照射して焼結する際に、還元ガスの雰囲気下にすることを特徴とする請求項1または3に記載の色素増感太陽電池におけるバッファ層の形成方法。
- レーザ光の照射時に水を噴霧することを特徴とする請求項1または3に記載の色素増感太陽電池におけるバッファ層の形成方法。
- レーザ光の照射時に水を噴霧することを特徴とする請求項4に記載の色素増感太陽電池におけるバッファ層の形成方法。
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US13/519,913 US8592243B2 (en) | 2010-01-08 | 2010-12-22 | Method for forming buffer layer in dye-sensitized solar cell |
EP10842202A EP2523251A1 (en) | 2010-01-08 | 2010-12-22 | Method for forming buffer layer in dye-sensitized solar cell |
CN2010800517910A CN102612785A (zh) | 2010-01-08 | 2010-12-22 | 色素增感太阳能电池的缓冲层的形成方法 |
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