WO2011063741A1 - 一种水陆两用车 - Google Patents

一种水陆两用车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011063741A1
WO2011063741A1 PCT/CN2010/079054 CN2010079054W WO2011063741A1 WO 2011063741 A1 WO2011063741 A1 WO 2011063741A1 CN 2010079054 W CN2010079054 W CN 2010079054W WO 2011063741 A1 WO2011063741 A1 WO 2011063741A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
boat
chassis frame
water
land
shaped
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Application number
PCT/CN2010/079054
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周星果
Original Assignee
Zhou Xingguo
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zhou Xingguo filed Critical Zhou Xingguo
Publication of WO2011063741A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011063741A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60F—VEHICLES FOR USE BOTH ON RAIL AND ON ROAD; AMPHIBIOUS OR LIKE VEHICLES; CONVERTIBLE VEHICLES
    • B60F3/00—Amphibious vehicles, i.e. vehicles capable of travelling both on land and on water; Land vehicles capable of travelling under water

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an amphibious vehicle that can travel both on water and on land.
  • the amphibious vehicle adopts the following two technical solutions.
  • the prior art solution 1 most amphibious vehicles use the buoyancy of the vehicle body in the water and drive through the water through the water propulsion device, and use the wheels or tracks on the land.
  • the technical scheme is subdivided into two types on the water and the land. One is that the wheel or the crawler can be placed above the water through the retracting device, and the other is that the wheel and the crawler are not retracted, and the vehicle is always on the water.
  • the first type of wheel and track has the functions of bearing the weight of the ship and the load, braking, steering, etc., and can only be used for small vehicles with light loads, although it can achieve higher speed driving in water, but the cost Higher, lower reliability;
  • the second type is because the wheel or track is immersed in water, the water resistance is extremely high at high speed, although the cost is low, the speed of the car or ship in the water is extremely low, otherwise it needs to match
  • prior art scheme 2 some amphibious vehicles use wheels on land or With driving, using active or fixed special buoys or airbags to generate buoyancy in the water, the car and the wheels are above the water surface, while the dedicated buoys or airbags have little effect on the land, and even on the land, there is a large air resistance. Affect the stability and aesthetics of the vehicle.
  • the invention is achieved by the invention comprising a chassis frame, one or more boat-shaped carriages, characterized in that there is a clutch lifting device, the clutch lifting device is connected with the boat-shaped car, and the clutch lifting device is connected with the chassis frame;
  • the land vehicle is coupled to the chassis frame, the land vehicle includes one or more wheels, or the land vehicle includes one or more sets of tracks, or the land vehicle includes one or one The above wheels and one or more sets of tracks;
  • the water propulsion device being connected to the boat-shaped car, or the water propulsion device being connected to the chassis frame, or one or more sets of water propulsion devices connected to the chassis frame and One or more sets of water propulsion units are connected to the boat.
  • the mounting connection of the clutch lift to the boat is here an accessory part of the clutch lift.
  • the mounting connection of the clutch lifting device comprises one or more of the following common machine components: screws, nuts, sliders, pins, connecting rods, washers, keys, bushings, bearings, shafts, bearing housings, Seals, snap rings, retaining rings, washers, springs, glue, and assembly as needed.
  • the clutch lifting device selects one or more of the following solutions as needed:
  • the clutch lifting device comprises one or more hydraulic cylinders; one end of the cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder is assembled on the boat or chassis frame or other clutch lifting device described herein by a mounting connector. Or one end of the piston of the hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the boat or chassis frame or other clutch lifts described herein by mounting connectors; the hydraulic cylinder drives the boat and chassis through the oil pipe and the hydraulic power unit The relative movement of the frame; the movement of the hydraulic cylinder drives the movement of the boat-shaped compartment relative to the chassis frame, or the movement of the hydraulic cylinder drives the movement of the other clutch lifting devices in the present scheme to drive the relative movement of the boat-shaped compartment and the chassis frame;
  • the clutch lifting device comprises one or more sets of screws and nuts; or the screw is assembled on the boat-shaped car or chassis frame or other clutch lifting device described herein by a mounting connector; or a nut Mounted on the boat or chassis frame or other clutch lifts described herein by mounting the connector; the screw and nut cooperate to drive the relative movement of the boat and the chassis frame, by conventional electric motors or hydraulic a rotating nut such as a motor or a handle drives the movement of the screw; or the screw is driven to move by a common electric motor or a hydraulic motor or a handle; the movement of the screw and the nut drives the movement of the boat and the frame relative to the chassis; or the screw and the nut
  • the motion of the other clutch lifting device in the present scheme drives the relative movement of the boat-shaped car and the chassis frame;
  • the clutch lifting device comprises one or more cords and a hoisting device; one end of the cord is connected to the hoisting device; and the other end of the cord is assembled in the boat by a mounting connector or Chassis frame or other clutch lifts as described herein; the hoisting device is mounted to the boat or chassis frame or other clutch lifts described herein by mounting connectors; the boat or chassis frame is based on Need to choose the assembly pulley, the pulley and the soft cable cooperate to reduce the friction of the soft cable and improve the service life of the soft cable; the hoisting device selects the hydraulic motor or the electric device to drive the movement of the soft cable according to the need; the movement of the soft cable drives the boat-shaped compartment and the chassis The relative movement of the frame, or the movement of the cable, drives the movement of the other clutch lifting devices in the present scheme to drive the relative movement of the boat-shaped car and the chassis frame;
  • the clutch lifting device comprises one or more flexible cables and moving pulleys; the two ends of the cable are assembled on the boat or chassis frame or other clutch lifting devices described herein by mounting connectors.
  • the moving pulley is connected according to other clutch lifting devices as described herein, and the soft cable is assembled on the moving pulley; the movement of the clutch lifting device connected with the moving pulley moves the moving pulley, and the moving pulley moves to move the soft cable, the soft cable Movement of the ship-shaped car or chassis frame to which it is attached, or movement of the cable to drive the movement of the other clutch lifts described herein and to drive the movement of the boat-shaped or chassis frame associated therewith;
  • the clutch lift device comprises one or more sets of racks and gears or roller rollers; or the rack is assembled on the boat or chassis frame or other clutches described herein by mounting connectors On the lifting device; or the gear or roller roller is mounted on the boat or chassis frame or other clutch lifting device described herein by means of a mounting connector; or the gear or roller roller drives the movement of the rack under power drive; Or driving the gear or the roller roller to move on the rack under power drive; or the movement of the rack drives the rotation of the gear or the roller roller; the gear or roller roller is driven by an electric device or a hydraulic motor or a handle; The movement of the strip or gear or roller roller drives the movement of the boat-shaped car relative to the chassis frame; or the movement of the rack or gear or roller roller drives the movement of the other clutch lifts in the present embodiment to drive the boat-shaped compartment opposite the chassis frame motion;
  • the clutch lifting device comprises a clutch lifting device comprising one set or more than one chain and a sprocket; or the sprocket is assembled on the boat-shaped car or the chassis frame through the mounting connector; or the chain is connected with the connecting member
  • the boat-shaped car or chassis frame is connected; or the sprocket or chain is optionally connected to the boat-shaped car or chassis frame by other clutch lifting devices described herein;
  • the chain is mounted on the sprocket;
  • the sprocket is powered by an electric device Or hydraulic motor drive, the sprocket drive chain movement; the movement of the chain drives the movement of the boat-shaped car relative to the chassis frame, or the movement of the chain drives the movement of the other clutch lifting devices in the present scheme to drive the movement of the boat-shaped car and the chassis frame;
  • the clutch lifting device comprises a set or a set of belts and a pulley or a sprocket;
  • the belt comprises a toothed belt or a belt with a hole, or a toothed belt is assembled through the mounting connector On the boat-shaped car or chassis frame; or the pulleys are fitted on the boat-shaped car or chassis frame by means of mounting connectors; the toothed belts are fitted on the pulleys; or the perforated belts are assembled in the boat-shaped compartments by means of mounting connections or On the chassis frame; or the sprocket is assembled on the boat or chassis frame by mounting connectors, the perforated belt is mounted on the sprocket; or the sprocket or pulley or belt is optionally lifted by other clutches as described herein.
  • the device is coupled to the boat-shaped car or chassis frame; the sprocket or pulley is driven by an electric device or a hydraulic motor or a handle, and the sprocket or pulley drives the belt movement; the movement of the belt drives the relative movement of the boat-shaped carriage and the chassis frame, or The movement of the belt drives the movement of the other clutch lifting devices in the present scheme to drive the relative movement of the boat-shaped car and the chassis frame;
  • the clutch lifting device comprises three or more parallel connecting rods, one end of the parallel connecting rod is assembled on the boat-shaped car through the mounting connector, and the other end of the parallel connecting rod is assembled on the chassis through the mounting connecting member
  • the two ends of the parallel link are connected with the ship-shaped car and the chassis frame, and the connection positions of the two ends of any two parallel links, that is, four connection positions form a parallelogram
  • the parallel link is hydraulically Cylinder electric device or hydraulic motor drive
  • One or more sets of clutch lifting devices are selected between the boat-shaped car and the chassis frame to achieve multi-directional movement or movement synchronization between the boat-shaped car and the chassis frame.
  • the boat-shaped car is equipped with a fitting chute as needed.
  • the chute on the boat-shaped car is matched with the slider on the chassis frame to improve the force of the clutch lifting device.
  • the chute can also be equipped with a locking device to prevent accidents.
  • the chassis frame is equipped with a mounting chute as needed.
  • the slide on the chassis frame cooperates with the slider on the boat-shaped car to improve the force of the clutch lifting device.
  • the sliding device can also be equipped with a locking device to prevent accidents.
  • the land vehicle chooses one or more of the following common solutions as needed:
  • Option 1 consisting of one or more wheels
  • Option 2 Includes one or more sets of tracks.
  • it includes a land-based driving device composed of two wheels and two sets of crawlers; and, for example, a land-driving device composed of four wheels; and, for example, a land-driving device composed of two sets of crawlers.
  • the water propulsion device chooses one or more of the following common schemes as needed:
  • Option 1 including one or more spray pumps
  • Option 2 consisting of one or more propellers
  • Option 3 including one or more hang-ups
  • Option 4 including the composition of the rudder blade
  • Option 5 consisting of one or more outboard engines
  • Option 6 Includes a lifting and swinging device consisting of a hydraulic cylinder.
  • the driver's cab is configured on the chassis frame as needed;
  • the bridge is configured as needed on the boat-shaped carriage
  • the power source is configured on the chassis frame as needed;
  • the power source is configured on the boat-shaped car as needed;
  • the boat-shaped car is mainly used for loading, and the passenger compartment and cargo compartment are configured as needed.
  • the amphibious vehicle can travel on land through the chassis frame and its optional land-based vehicle, on-board or on-board driving devices; when entering the water, the clutch lift and its associated power mechanism will The boat-shaped car and the water propulsion device are lowered, and the boat-shaped car body generates buoyancy.
  • the chassis frame and the land-driving device can be raised to the surface of the water.
  • the amphibious ship can pass through the boat-shaped car, the water propulsion device, the vehicle or the onboard driving device in the water. Driving; when the water is discharged, the chassis frame of the clutch lifting device is lowered together with the land driving device.
  • the braking, steering, suspension, power transmission and the like connected to the land-driving device can adopt the structure of the commonly used land-based vehicle, and the cost is low and the reliability is high;
  • the boat-shaped car that is in contact with the water surface can also be a variety of existing streamline boats that are driven by water. Since the chassis frame and the wheels or tracks are above the waterline, the resistance is small, and high-speed driving can also be achieved in the water.
  • One of the embodiments of the present invention relating to the use of the amphibious vehicle on land;
  • the first embodiment shown in Figure 2 is used in water
  • the second embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is used in water
  • FIG. 5 is a third embodiment of the amphibious vehicle according to the present invention in a state of being used on land;
  • the third embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is used in water
  • the fourth embodiment of the invention relates to the use of the amphibious vehicle in water according to the present invention.
  • the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 8 is used on land
  • the fifth embodiment of the amphibious vehicle according to the present invention shown in FIG. 9 is used on land;
  • the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 10 is used in water
  • Figure 6 is a sixth embodiment of the amphibious vehicle of the present invention in use on land;
  • the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 12 is used in water
  • Figure 7 is a seventh embodiment of the amphibious vehicle according to the present invention in use in water;
  • the eighth embodiment shown in Fig. 15 is used in water.
  • 1 is a chassis frame; 101 is a power bin; 102 is a driver's seat; 103 is a power source; 104 is a hydraulic oil pump; 105 is a slide; 106 is a slider; 107 is a shifting device; 2 is a boat-shaped car; 201 is a power source; 202 is a power cabin; 203 is a slide; 3 is a land travel device; 301 is a crawler; 302 is a wheel; 4 is a water propulsion device; 401 is a propeller; 402 is a lifting swing device; 405 is a rudder blade; 5 is a clutch lifting device; 501 is a parallel link; 502 is a slider; 503 is a hoisting device; 504 is a hydraulic motor; 505 is a soft cable; 506 is a nut; 507 is an electric device; 509 is a screw; 511 is a chain; 512 is a link; 513 is a gear; 514 is a
  • Shown in Figures 1 and 2 is a wheeled amphibious vessel with a power bin rear.
  • the land running device 3 is composed of four wheels 302.
  • the frame chassis 1 adopts a rear engine and a rear wheel driving mode;
  • the clutch lifting device 5 includes a hydraulic oil cylinder 518, and the piston end of the hydraulic oil cylinder 518 is assembled.
  • the boat-shaped car 2 is connected, one end of the cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder 518 is mounted on the chassis frame 1;
  • the water propulsion device 4 is a propeller, and the propeller is mounted on the boat-shaped car 2;
  • the boat-shaped car 2 has a slide 203, which is water in this embodiment
  • the propulsion device 4 is driven by a power unit in the boat-shaped car 2.
  • the boat-shaped car 2 On the land, the boat-shaped car 2 receives the upper middle of the wheel 302 through the clutch lifting device 5, and the amphibian is driven to drive through the wheel 302; in the water, the boat-shaped car 2, the boat lift 2 is lowered in the water by the clutch lift device 5, and the clutch lift device 5 raises the land travel device 3 above the waterline, and the amphibious vehicle drives the vehicle through the water propulsion device 4.
  • the on-board and on-board multi-station driving platform 102 is adopted.
  • the driving platform 102 in this embodiment is provided with a steering wheel, a brake operating lever, a power source control lever, a lighting switch, a clutch lifting device switch, an air conditioning switch, and an audio system.
  • the bridge apparatus in this embodiment selectively configures a clutch lever or a wiper switch or an airbag or IC identification device or a fingerprint recognition device or a global satellite positioning system or a walkie-talkie as needed.
  • the engine in the power compartment can drive the rear wheel through a chain or a belt or a shaft as needed.
  • one or more of the following safety devices may be optionally selected according to requirements: a vehicle airbag, a safety belt, a hoisting traction device, a buoyancy airbag, a quick inflation valve, and the like.
  • Figures 3 and 4 show a crawler type amphibious vehicle.
  • the land running device 3 is composed of two sets of crawler belts 301 which are mounted on the chassis frame 1.
  • the crawler belt 301 is driven by a power unit mounted in the power box 101, and the brake devices of the track are assembled.
  • the water traveling device 4 comprises 4 sets of propellers 401, and the two sides of the boat-shaped car 2 are respectively equipped with two sets of propellers 401, and the propellers 401 are driven by the power device in the ship-shaped car 2;
  • the clutch lifting device 5 includes Three sets of parallel links 501, a plurality of sets of hydraulic cylinders 518, and a slider 502, wherein one end of the cylinder of one set of hydraulic cylinders 518 is connected to the slider 502 through a mounting connector, and one end of the piston of the hydraulic cylinder 518 is connected by a connecting member.
  • the set of hydraulic cylinders 518 controls parallel swings of different angles between the boat-shaped car 2 and the chassis frame 1, thereby controlling the vertical distance between the boat-shaped car 2 and the chassis frame 1; three sets of parallel The connecting rods 501 are parallel and identical in shape, and a set of parallel links 501 are at the front of the boat-shaped compartment 2; one of the pistons of one set of hydraulic cylinders 518 is connected to the slider 502, and the cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder 518 1 is connected to one end of the chassis frame, the set of hydraulic cylinders 518 control the boat cabin 2 and lateral movement between the chassis frame 1.
  • the slider 502 on both sides is a frame structure, and the slider 502 is driven by the hydraulic cylinder 518 to translate on the chassis frame 1 to drive the two-shaped boat-shaped compartment 2 to translate; the other hydraulic cylinder 518 drives the parallel link 37 to swing to drive the parallel connection.
  • the rod mechanism moves to drive the boat-shaped compartment 2 on both sides to perform circular motion with respect to the chassis frame 1.
  • the boat-shaped compartments 2 on both sides are received by the clutch lifter 5 and driven by the crawler belt 301.
  • the boat-shaped cars 2 on both sides are lowered by the clutch lifting device 5 to the lower side of the chassis frame 1, and driven by the propeller 401.
  • Figures 5 and 6 show an amphibious vehicle driven by a plurality of wheels.
  • the land running device 3 is composed of four wheels 302.
  • One end of the 505 is mounted on the boat-shaped compartment 2, the hoisting device 503 is mounted on the chassis frame 1, and the other clutch-type lifting device 5 comprises a cord 505 and a hoisting device 503, and the hoisting device 503 is mounted on the boat-shaped compartment 2
  • the other end of the cable 505 is fixed to the chassis frame 1;
  • the water propulsion device 4 is a water jet pump, which is mounted on the boat-shaped car 2, and the water propulsion device 4 is driven by a hydraulic motor mounted on the boat-shaped car 2.
  • the hoisting device 503 is driven by a hydraulic motor 504 that includes a brake.
  • the brake on the hydraulic motor 504 on the chassis frame 1 is released, and at the same time, the hoisting device 503 fixed to the other clutch lift device 5 on the boat-shaped car 2 is started, and the soft cable 505 is stowed, and the boat-shaped car 2 is Moving downward along the chute 105 under the action of gravity, the power source 103 drives the hydraulic oil pump 104 to operate, and the hydraulic propulsion device 4 drives the water propulsion device 4 to work.
  • the boat-shaped car 2 floats in the water, and the chassis is driven by the soft cable 505.
  • the frame 1 is stowed upward and the chassis frame 1 is carried by the cable 505.
  • the hydraulic oil pump 104 drives a hydraulic motor 504 fixed to the chassis frame 1 by the clutch lifting device 5 to rotate, and the boat-shaped car 2 moves upward along the slide 105 under the pulling of the cable 505, and at the same time, another clutch lifts
  • the soft cable 505 of the device 5 is relaxed, the chassis frame 1 is grounded, and the boat-shaped car 2 is supported by the cable 505 of the clutch lift device 5, and the power source 103 drives the shifting device 107 to operate, causing the land-driving device 3 to travel on the ground.
  • the shifting device 107 is a gearbox or an automatic gearbox or a torque converter, and is selected according to actual needs.
  • the following common power sources can be selected as needed: one or more fuel engines, one or more gas engines, a battery pack and a motor.
  • Figures 7 and 8 show a crawler type amphibious vehicle.
  • the land traveling device 3 is composed of two sets of crawler belts 301, and the crawler belts 301 are mounted on the chassis frame 1 and driven by the power source in the power bin 101; the two sets of water propulsion devices 4 are hooked up, respectively, on both sides.
  • the boat-shaped car 2 is connected, two sets of water propulsion devices 4 are outboard engines, two sets of water propulsion devices 4 and their lifting and swinging devices 402 are mounted on the chassis frame 1 and driven by a power source in the power bin 101; the clutch lifting device 5
  • the utility model is composed of a hydraulic cylinder 518, a nut 506, a screw 509 and a slider 502.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 518 drives the translational movement of the boat-shaped compartment 2.
  • the nut 506 is driven by the electric device 507 to move the boat-shaped compartment 2 up and down, thereby realizing the boat-shaped compartment 2 and the chassis frame 1 The required changes in driving on land and water.
  • the following common working devices are also optionally provided on the vehicle: such as loading and unloading lifting device, pontoon device, dredging device, power generating device, bulldozer, excavating device, rescue device, fire extinguishing device, etc. .
  • a missile, a gun, a gun, or the like which is equipped with a missile or a laser, may be selected as needed, and the relevant components may be selected as needed.
  • Shown in Figures 9 and 10 is a wheeled amphibian.
  • the land running device 3 is composed of four wheels 302 assembled on the chassis frame 1; two sets of water propulsion devices 4 are propellers, which are mounted on the boat-shaped car 2; and the clutch lifting device 5 is composed of two sets of sprocket wheels 510.
  • the chain 511 is composed of a chain 510, and the sprocket 510 is mounted on the chassis frame 1.
  • the chains on both sides are connected by a connecting rod 512 and connected to the boat-shaped car 2.
  • the sprocket 510 is driven by a hydraulic motor with a braking device, and is loose when entering the water. When the brake device is opened, the boat-shaped car 2 moves downward along the slide 203.
  • the sprocket 510 After entering the water, the sprocket 510 is driven clockwise by a hydraulic motor with a brake device, and the chassis frame 1 rises until the land-driven device 3 comes out of the water surface, the hydraulic motor stop.
  • the sprocket 510 When landing, the sprocket 510 is rotated counterclockwise under the driving of the hydraulic motor, and the sprocket on the other side rotates clockwise to drive the movement of the chain 511.
  • the movement of the chain 511 drives the chassis frame 2 to land and then continues to drive.
  • the boat-shaped car 2 and the link 512 are moved upwards to achieve the desired transformation of the boat-shaped car 2 and the chassis frame 1 on land and water.
  • the chain 511 may be a belt with a hole, and the belt is connected to the boat 2 through a mounting connection.
  • the sprocket 510 can also be a toothed pulley, and the chain 510 is replaced with a toothed belt.
  • Shown in Figures 11 and 12 is a wheeled amphibian.
  • the land traveling device 3 is composed of four wheels 302, which are assembled on the chassis frame 1; two sets of water propulsion devices 4 are propellers, which are assembled on the boat-shaped car 2; the clutch lifting device 5 is composed of two sets of gears 513, The rack 514 is assembled, the gear 513 is mounted on the boat-shaped car 2, the rack 514 is mounted on the chassis frame 1, the gear 513 is driven by the rotating shaft, the hydraulic motor 504, and the hydraulic motor 504 is provided with a braking device, which is released when entering the water.
  • the brake device moves the boat 2 down the slide 105 to the water, and the hydraulic motor 504 rotates clockwise to drive the chassis frame 1 upward until the wheel is out of the water surface; when landing, the gear 513 is counterclocked by the hydraulic motor 504. Rotating, the other side gear of the boat 12 rotates clockwise, causing the boat 2 to move upward, thereby realizing the transformation of the boat 2 and the chassis 1 on land and water.
  • Shown in Figure 13 is a front wheel rear crawler amphibious vehicle.
  • the land running device 3 is composed of two wheels 302 and two sets of crawler belts 301.
  • the wheels 302 are assembled on the front suspension of the chassis frame 1, and two sets of crawler belts 301 are assembled on the rear of the chassis frame 1;
  • the propulsion device 4 is a propeller and is assembled on the boat-shaped car 2.
  • the clutch lifting device is composed of a hydraulic cylinder 518, a slider 502, a rack 514, and a roller roller 515.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 518 drives the translation of the boat 2, and the roller roller 515 is
  • the hydraulic motor 504 is driven, the hydraulic motor 505 is provided with a braking device, the braking device is released, the boat-shaped car 2 moves downward along the rack 514, and the roller roller 515 rotates counterclockwise under the driving of the hydraulic motor 504, thereby driving the boat-shaped car. 2 Moves upwards to achieve the desired transformation of the boat-shaped car 2 and the chassis frame 1 on land and water.
  • the front wheel and the rear track are controlled by the transfer case, or the rear track is mechanically driven, the front wheel is driven by a hydraulic motor; the water propulsion device 4 is driven by a hydraulic motor, and the hydraulic system can be driven in water. Use the water outside the car for cooling.
  • Shown in Figures 14 and 15 is a wheeled amphibian.
  • the land running device 3 is composed of four wheels 302 and is assembled on the chassis frame 1; two sets of water propulsion devices 4 are propellers, which are assembled on the boat-shaped car 2; the clutch lifting device 5 is composed of two sets of movable pulleys 516,
  • the flexible cable 505, the hydraulic cylinder 518 and the slider 502 are composed.
  • a hydraulic cylinder 518 connected to a movable pulley 516 is mounted on the chassis frame 1.
  • the connected flexible cable 505 is assembled on the boat-shaped compartment 2 through the moving end 517, and the other movable pulley
  • a hydraulic cylinder 518 connected to the 516 is mounted on the boat-shaped compartment 2, and the movable end 517 of the connected flexible cord is mounted on the chassis frame 1.
  • the movable pulley 516 is mounted on the slideway of the chassis frame 1 via the slider 502, and the movable pulley 516 is composed of a hydraulic cylinder.
  • the 518 drive, the movement of the hydraulic ram 518, thereby effecting the transformation of the boat-shaped car 2 and the chassis frame 1 on land and water.
  • the cord 505 may be a belt or a steel cord or a rope; the cord 505 may be a chain, and the movable pulley 516 is a sprocket.
  • the present invention controls the position required for the boat-shaped car and the chassis frame to travel on land and water by the clutch lift device.
  • the chassis frame and the land-driving device are above the water surface due to the boat-shaped car.
  • the use of a streamlined boat type reduces the driving resistance of the vehicle in the water.
  • driving in the water there is no big difference from the existing ship; when driving on land, due to the steering device, power transmission device and braking on the land vehicle
  • the device and the suspension device move together with the chassis frame, and the structure of the existing ordinary vehicle is not greatly different.
  • the invention has low cost and reliable use, and the invention can be widely applied to household vehicles, passenger vehicles, freight vehicles, Consumer vehicles, recreational vehicles, engineering vehicles, military vehicles, and children's toys can effectively reduce the impact of lakes, rivers, roads, bridges, bays, and docks on people's daily life production activities, which is conducive to improving the operational efficiency of traffic roads and reducing bridges.
  • the load is conducive to improving the operational efficiency of traffic roads and reducing bridges.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Cleaning, Maintenance, Repair, Refitting, And Outriggers (AREA)
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Description

一种水陆两用车 技术领域
本发明涉及一种在水上与陆地都可行驶的水陆两用车。
背景技术
目前水陆两用车采用如下二种技术方案，现有技术方案一：绝大部分水陆两用车利用车身在水中的浮力并通过水上推进装置在水中行驶，在陆地上采用车轮或履带行驶，此技术方案在水上行驶与陆地行驶又细分为二种，一种就是车轮或履带通过收放装置可处在水面之上，另一种是车轮与履带不收放，在水上行驶时一直处在水中，第一种由于车轮与履带具有承受车船及载荷的重量、制动、转向等多种功能，一般只能用于轻载的小型车辆，虽然在水中可以实现较高的速度行驶，但成本较高，可靠性较低；第二种由于车轮或履带浸在水中，水阻力在高速状态下极大，虽然成本较低，这种车或船在水中的速度极低，否则，就需要匹配极大的发动机，正由于以上原因，水陆两用车的使用受到较大的影响；现有技术方案二：有的水陆两用车在陆地上采用车轮或履带行驶，采用活动的或固定的专用浮筒或气囊在水中产生浮力，车箱与车轮在水面之上，而专用浮筒或气囊在陆地上几乎没有作用，在陆地上甚至会产生较大的空气阻力，影响车辆的稳定性与美观。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种在水面上实现低水阻的、高可靠的水陆两用车。
本发明是这样实现的，它包括有底盘车架、一个或一个以上的船形车厢，其特征在于具有离合升降装置，离合升降装置与船形车厢相连，离合升降装置与底盘车架相连；
其特征在于具有陆地行驶装置，陆地行驶装置与底盘车架相连，陆地行驶装置包括有一个或一个以上车轮，或陆地行驶装置包括有一套或一套以上履带，或陆地行驶装置包括有一个或一个以上车轮及一套或一套以上履带；
其特征在于具有包括具有一套或一套以上水上推进装置，水上推进装置与船形车厢相连，或水上推进装置与底盘车架相连，或一套或一套以上水上推进装置与底盘车架相连且有一套或一套以上水上推进装置与船形车厢相连。
离合升降装置与船形车厢相连的安装连接件在本文中为离合升降装置的附属部分。所述离合升降装置的安装连接件包括有如下常用机构件中的一项或多项：螺丝、螺母、滑块、销、连杆、垫片、键、轴套、轴承、轴、轴承座、密封件、卡环、挡圈、垫圈、弹簧、胶，根据需要选择装配。
所述的离合升降装置根据需要选择如下方案中的一项或多项：
方案一：所述的离合升降装置包括有一根或一根以上的液压油缸组成；液压油缸的缸筒的一端通过安装连接件装配在船形车厢或底盘车架或本文中所述的其它离合升降装置上；或液压油缸的活塞的一端通过安装连接件装配在船形车厢或底盘车架或本文中所述的其它离合升降装置上；所述的液压油缸通过油管与油压动力装置驱动船形车厢与底盘车架相对运动；液压油缸的运动驱动船形车厢与底盘车架相对的运动，或液压油缸的运动驱动本方案中其它离合升降装置的运动带动船形车厢与底盘车架相对的运动；
方案二：所述的离合升降装置包括有一套或一套以上的螺杆及螺母组成；或螺杆通过安装连接件装配在船形车厢或底盘车架或本文中所述的其它离合升降装置上；或螺母通过安装连接件装配在船形车厢或底盘车架或本文中所述的其它离合升降装置上；所述的螺杆与螺母配合带动船形车厢与底盘车架相对的运动，通过由常用的电马达或液压马达或手柄等转动螺母带动螺杆的移动；或者螺杆通过由常用的电马达或液压马达或手柄等转动带动螺母移动；螺杆与螺母的运动驱动船形车厢与底盘车架相对的运动；或螺杆与螺母的运动驱动本方案中其它离合升降装置的运动带动船形车厢与底盘车架相对的运动；
方案三：所述的离合升降装置包括有一条或一条以上的软索与卷扬装置组成；所述的软索一端与卷扬装置相连；软索的另一端通过安装连接件装配在船形车厢或底盘车架或本文中所述的其它离合升降装置上；则卷扬装置通过安装连接件装配在船形车厢或底盘车架或本文中所述的其它离合升降装置上；船形车厢或底盘车架根据需要选择装配滑轮，滑轮与软索配合，降低软索磨擦，提高软索的使用寿命；卷扬装置根据需要选择液压马达或电动装置驱动带动软索的运动；软索的运动驱动船形车厢与底盘车架相对的运动，或软索的运动驱动本方案中其它离合升降装置的运动带动船形车厢与底盘车架相对的运动；
方案四：所述的离合升降装置包括有一条或一条以上的软索与动滑轮组成；软索的两端通过安装连接件装配在船形车厢或底盘车架或本文中所述的其它离合升降装置上；所述的动滑轮根据需要选择通过本文中所述的其它离合升降装置相连，软索装配在动滑轮上；与动滑轮相连的离合升降装置的运动带动动滑轮移动，动滑轮移动带动软索的移动，软索的移动驱动与它相连的船形车厢或底盘车架的运动，或软索的移动驱动本文中所述的其它离合升降装置运动并带动与它相连的船形车厢或底盘车架的运动；
方案五：所述的离合升降装置包括有一套或一套以上的齿条与齿轮或滚柱滚轮组成；或齿条通过安装连接件装配在船形车厢或底盘车架或本文中所述的其它离合升降装置上；或齿轮或滚柱滚轮通过安装连接件装配在船形车厢或底盘车架或本文中所述的其它离合升降装置上；或齿轮或滚柱滚轮在动力驱动下带动齿条的移动；或在动力驱动下带动齿轮或滚柱滚轮在齿条上移动；或齿条的移动带动齿轮或滚柱滚轮的转动；所述的齿轮或滚柱滚轮由电动装置或液压马达或手柄驱动；齿条或齿轮或滚柱滚轮的运动驱动船形车厢与底盘车架相对的运动；或齿条或齿轮或滚柱滚轮的运动驱动本方案中其它离合升降装置的运动带动船形车厢与底盘车架相对的运动；
方案六：所述的离合升降装置包括有一套或一套以上链条与链轮组成的离合升降装置；或链轮通过安装连接件装配在船形车厢或底盘车架上；或链条通过安装连接件与船形车厢或底盘车架相连；或链轮或链条根据需要选择通过本文中所述的其它离合升降装置与船形车厢或底盘车架相连；链条装配在链轮上；所述的链轮由电动装置或液压马达驱动，链轮驱动链条运动；链条的运动驱动船形车厢与底盘车架相对的运动，或链条的运动驱动本方案中其它离合升降装置的运动带动船形车厢与底盘车架相对的运动；
方案七：所述的离合升降装置包括有一套或一套以上皮带与皮带轮或链轮组成；所述的皮带包括有带齿的皮带或带孔的皮带，或带齿的皮带通过安装连接件装配在船形车厢或底盘车架上；或皮带轮则对应通过安装连接件装配在船形车厢或底盘车架上；带齿的皮带装配在皮带轮上；或带孔的皮带通过安装连接件装配在船形车厢或底盘车架上；或链轮通过安装连接件装配船形车厢或底盘车架上，带孔的皮带装配在链轮上；或链轮或皮带轮或皮带根据需要选择通过本文中所述的其它离合升降装置与船形车厢或底盘车架相连；所述的链轮或皮带轮由电动装置或液压马达或手柄驱动，链轮或皮带轮驱动皮带运动；皮带的运动驱动船形车厢与底盘车架相对的运动，或皮带的运动驱动本方案中其它离合升降装置的运动带动船形车厢与底盘车架相对的运动；
方案八：所述的离合升降装置包括有由三根或三根以上的平行连杆组成，平行连杆的一端通过安装连接件装配在船形车厢上，平行连杆的另一端通过安装连接件装配在底盘车架上，所述平行连杆两端与船形车厢及底盘车架装配位为连接位，任意二根平行连杆两端的连接位即四个连接位构成平行四边形；所述平行连杆由液压油缸电动装置或液压马达驱动；
船形车厢与底盘车架之间根据需要选择一套或多套离合升降装置，以实现船形车厢与底盘车架之间的多方向的运动或保持运动的同步。
船形车厢根据需要选择装配滑道，船形车厢上的滑道与底盘车架上的滑块配合用于改善离合升降装置的受力，滑道上还可配置锁止装置，防止意外。
底盘车架根据需要选择装配滑道，底盘车架上的滑道与船形车厢上的滑块配合用于改善离合升降装置的受力，滑道上还可配置锁止装置，防止意外。
陆地行驶装置根据需要选择采用如下常用方案中的一项或多项：
方案一：包括由一个或一个以上车轮组成；
方案二：包括一套或一套以上履带组成。
如包括由二个车轮与二套履带组成的陆地行驶装置；又如包括由四个车轮组成的陆地行驶装置；又如包括由二套履带组成的陆地行驶装置。
水上推进装置根据需要选择采用如下常用方案中的一项或多项：
方案一：包括有一台或一台以上喷水泵组成；
方案二：包括有一台或一台以上螺旋桨组成；
方案三：包括有一台或一台以上挂机组成；
方案四：包括有舵叶组成；
方案五：包括有一台或一台以上舷外机组成；
方案六：包括由液压油缸组成的升降摆动装置。
底盘车架上根据需要配置驾驶台；
船形车厢上根据需要配置驾驶台；
底盘车架上根据需要配置动力源；
船形车厢上根据需要配置动力源；
船形车厢主要用于装载，根据需要配置乘员仓、货物仓。
在陆地上时，水陆两用车可以通过底盘车架及其选配的陆地行驶装置、车上或船上的驾驶装置等在陆地上行驶；入水时，通过离合升降装置及其相关的动力机构将船形车厢及水上推进装置降下来，船形车厢产生浮力，底盘车架与陆地行驶装置一同可升到水面上，水陆两用船可以通过船形车厢、水上推进装置、车上或船上的驾驶装置在水中行驶；出水时，通过离合升降装置底盘车架与陆地行驶装置一起下降。
由于选配的陆地行驶装置与底盘车架一同升降，与陆地行驶装置相连的制动、转向、悬挂、动力传动等装置都可以采用常用的陆地上行驶车辆的结构，成本低，可靠性高；而与水面接触的船形车厢也可以是采用水上行驶的现有的各种流线船型，由于底盘车架及车轮或履带在水线上方，阻力小，在水中也可以实现高速行驶。
附图说明
图1所示的本发明所涉及水陆两用车在陆地上使用状态的实施例之一；
图2所示的实施例一在水中使用状态；
图3所示的本发明所涉及水陆两用车在陆地上使用状态的实施例之二；
图4所示的实施例二在水中使用状态；
图5所示的本发明所涉及水陆两用车在陆地上使用状态的实施例之三；
图6所示的实施例三在水中使用状态；
图7所示的本发明所涉及水陆两用车在水中使用状态的实施例之四；
图8所示的实施例四在陆地上使用状态；
图9所示的本发明所涉及水陆两用车在陆地上使用状态的实施例之五；
图10所示的实施例五在水中使用状态；
图11所示的本发明所涉及水陆两用车在陆地上使用状态的实施例之六；
图12所示的实施例六在水中使用状态；
图13所示的本发明所涉及水陆两用车在水中使用状态的实施例之七；
图14所示的本发明所涉及水陆两用车在陆地上使用状态的实施例之八；
图15所示的实施例八在水中使用状态。
附图中，1是底盘车架；101是动力仓；102是驾驶台；103是动力源；104是液压油泵；105是滑道；106是滑块；107是变速装置；2是船形车厢；201是动力源；202是动力舱；203是滑道；3是陆地行驶装置；301是履带；302是车轮；4是水上推进装置；401是螺旋桨；402是升降摆动装置；405是舵叶；5是离合升降装置；501是平行连杆；502是滑块；503是卷扬装置；504是液压马达；505是软索；506是螺母；507是电动装置；509是螺杆；510是链轮；511是链条；512是连杆；513是齿轮；514是齿条；515是滚柱滚轮；516是动滑轮；517是运动端；518是液压油缸；519是固定端。
具体实施方式
图1与2中所示的是一种动力仓后置的轮式水陆两用船。
在本实施例中，陆地行驶装置3由包括4个车轮302组成，车架底盘1采用后置发动机与后轮驱动模式；离合升降装置5包括由液压油缸518组成，液压油缸518的活塞一端装配在船形车厢2相连，液压油缸518的缸筒一端装配在底盘车架1上；水上推进装置4为螺旋桨，螺旋桨装配在船形车厢2上；船形车厢2上具有滑道203，本实施例中水上推进装置4通过船形车厢2内的动力装置驱动，在陆地上时，船形车厢2通过离合升降装置5收到车轮302的中上方，水陆两用车通过车轮302驱动行驶；在水中时，船形车厢2通过离合升降装置5下降，船形车厢2浮在水中，离合升降装置5将陆地行驶装置3升到水线的上方，水陆两用车通过水上推进装置4驱动行驶。
本实施例中采用车上、船上多站式驾驶台102，本实施例中的驾驶台102配置有方向盘、制动操控杆、动力源操控杆、照明开关、离合升降装置开关、空调开关、音响，本实施例中的驾驶台设备根据需要选择配置离合器操纵杆或雨刮开关或安全气囊或IC识别装置或指纹识别装置或全球卫星定位系统或对讲装置。
本实施例中动力仓内发动机根据需要可通过链条或皮带或轴驱动后轮。
本实施例中根据需要还可选配如下安全装置中一项或多项：车用安全气囊、安全带、卷扬牵引装置、浮力气囊、快速充气阀等。
图3与4所示的是一种履带式水陆两用车。
在本实施例中，陆地行驶装置3由包括2套履带301组成，履带301装配在底盘车架1上，履带301由安装在动力仓101内的动力装置驱动，履带的制动装置都装配在动力仓101内；水上行驶装置4包括由4套螺旋桨401组成，两侧的船形车厢2上各装配有2套螺旋桨401，螺旋桨401由船形车厢2内的动力装置驱动；离合升降装置5包括由三套平行连杆501、多套液压油缸518、滑块502组成，其中一套液压油缸518的缸筒的一端通过安装连接件与滑块502相连，液压油缸518的活塞的一端通过安装连接件与平行连杆501相连，该套液压油缸518控制船形车厢2与底盘车架1之间不同角度的平行摆动，从而控制船形车厢2与底盘车架1之间竖直方向的距离；三套平行连杆501相互平行且形状相同，一套平行连杆501处于船形车厢2的前部；其中一套液压油缸518的活塞一端与滑块502相连，液压油缸518的缸筒的一端与底盘车架1相连，该套液压油缸518控制船形车厢2与底盘车架1之间的横向移动。
两侧的滑块502为框架结构，滑块502通过液压油缸518驱动在底盘车架1上平移，带动两侧的船形车厢2平移；另一套液压油缸518驱动平行连杆37摆动带动平行连杆机构运动，驱动两侧的船形车厢2相对底盘车架1作圆弧运动。
在陆地上行驶，两侧的船形车厢2通过离合升降装置5收到底盘车架1上，由履带301驱动行驶。
在水中行驶时，两侧的船形车厢2通过离合升降装置5降到底盘车架1两侧的下方，由螺旋桨401驱动行驶。
图5与6所示的是一种由多个车轮驱动的水陆两用车。
在本实施例中，陆地行驶装置3由包括4个车轮302组成；本实施例中具有二套离合升降装置5，其中一套离合升降装置5包括软索505与卷扬装置503组成，软索505的一端装配在船形车厢2上，卷扬装置503装配在底盘车架1上，另一套离合升降装置5包括软索505与卷扬装置503组成，卷扬装置503装配在船形车厢2上，软索505的另一端固定在底盘车架1上；水上推进装置4为喷水泵，装配在船形车厢2，水上推进装置4由装配在船形车厢2上的液压马达驱动。卷扬装置503由液压马达504驱动，液压马达504上包括有制动器。
入水时，松开底盘车架1上的液压马达504上的制动器，并同时起动固定在船形车厢2上另一套离合升降装置5的卷扬装置503，将软索505收起，船形车厢2在重力作用下沿滑道105向下移动，动力源103带动液压油泵104工作，通过液压油泵104驱动水上推进装置4工作，在水中，船形车厢2浮在水中，并通过软索505将底盘车架1向上收起，底盘车架1由软索505承载。
上岸时，液压油泵104驱动一套离合升降装置5固定在底盘车架1上的液压马达504转动，船形车厢2在软索505的拉动下沿滑道105向上移动，同时，另一套离合升降装置5的软索505放松，底盘车架1着地，船形车厢2由离合升降装置5的软索505支撑，动力源103驱动变速装置107工作，带动陆地行驶装置3在地面上行驶。
所述的变速装置107为齿轮箱或自动变速箱或液力变矩器，根据实际需要选择。
本实施例可根据需要选配如下常用的动力源：一台或一台以上的燃油发动机、一台或一台以上的燃气发动机、电池组与电机。
船形车厢内根据需要可以选择配置车或船上一些常用设施如通讯、雷达、信号灯、空调、沙发、家具、家电、床、厨具、马桶、洁具、淡水箱、污水箱、钓鱼杆、水密舱门、照明、岸电插座、岸电充电装置等设施。
图7与8所示的是一种履带式水陆两用车。
本实施例中，陆地行驶装置3由二套履带301组成，履带301装配在底盘车架1上，由动力仓101内的动力源驱动；2套水上推进装置4为挂机，分别与两侧的船形车厢2相连，2套水上推进装置4为舷外机，2套水上推进装置4及其升降摆动装置402装配在底盘车架1上，由动力仓101内的动力源驱动；离合升降装置5由液压油缸518、螺母506、螺杆509、滑块502组成，液压油缸518带动船形车厢2平移运动，螺母506由电动装置507驱动带动船形车厢2上下移动，从而实现船形车厢2与底盘车架1在陆地与水中行驶所需变换。
本实施例中，车辆上根据需要还可选配如下常用的作业装置：如装卸起吊装置、舟桥装置、清淤装置、发电装置、推土装置、挖掘装置、抢救装置、消防灭火装置等设施。
本实施如作为警务或军事上使用的车辆，根据需要选择配置导弹或激光等的发射装置、枪、炮，相关零部件根据需要选择隐形材料。
图9与图10中所示的是一种轮式水陆两用车。
本实施例中，陆地行驶装置3由4个车轮302组成，装配在底盘车架1上；2套水上推进装置4为螺旋桨，装配在船形车厢2上；离合升降装置5由两套链轮510、链条511组成，链轮510装配在底盘车架1上，两侧的链条通过连杆512相连并与船形车厢2相连，链轮510由带有制动装置的液压马达驱动，入水时，松开制动装置，船形车厢2沿滑道203向下移动，入水后，链轮510由带有制动装置的液压马达顺时钟驱动，底盘车架1上升直至陆地行驶装置3脱出水面，液压马达停止。登陆时，链轮510在液压马达的驱动下逆时钟转动，另一侧的链轮则为顺时钟转动，驱动链条511的运动，链条511的运动则带动底盘车架2下降着陆后，继续带动船形车厢2及连杆512向上移动，从而实现船形车厢2与底盘车架1在陆地与水中行驶所需变换。
本实施例中，链条511可以为带孔的皮带，皮带通过安装连接件与船形车厢2相连。
本实施例中，链轮510还可为带齿的皮带轮，链条510替换为带齿的皮带。
图11与图12中所示的是一种轮式水陆两用车。
本实施例中，陆地行驶装置3由4个车轮302组成，装配在底盘车架1上；2套水上推进装置4为螺旋桨，装配在船形车厢2上；离合升降装置5由两套齿轮513、齿条514组成，齿轮513装配在船形车厢2上，齿条514装配在底盘车架1上，齿轮513由的转轴、液压马达504驱动，液压马达504带有制动装置，入水时，松开制动装置，船形车厢2沿滑道105向下移动至水中，液压马达504顺时钟转动，带动底盘车架1向上运动直到车轮脱离水面；登陆时，齿轮513在液压马达504的驱动下逆时钟转动，船形车厢12的另一侧齿轮则顺时钟转动，带动船形车厢2向上移动，从而实现船形车厢2与底盘车架1在陆地与水中行驶所需变换。
图13中所示的是一种前轮后履带式水陆两用车。
本实施例中，陆地行驶装置3由2个车轮302与2套履带301组成，车轮302装配在底盘车架1的前悬挂上，2套履带301装配在底盘车架1后部；4套水上推进装置4为螺旋桨，装配在船形车厢2上；离合升降装置由液压油缸518、滑块502、齿条514、滚柱滚轮515组成，液压油缸518带动船形车厢2平移运动，滚柱滚轮515由液压马达504驱动，液压马达505带有制动装置，松开制动装置，船形车厢2沿齿条514向下移动，滚柱滚轮515在液压马达504的驱动下逆时钟转动，则带动船形车厢2向上移动，从而实现船形车厢2与底盘车架1在陆地与水中行驶所需变换。
本实施例中采用四驱动，前轮与后履带通过分动箱控制，或后履带采用机械传动，前轮采用液压马达驱动；水上推进装置4采用液压马达驱动，在水中行驶时，液压系统可利用车外的水进行冷却。
图14与图15中所示的是一种轮式水陆两用车。
本实施例中，陆地行驶装置3由4个车轮302组成，装配在底盘车架1上；2套水上推进装置4为螺旋桨，装配在船形车厢2上；离合升降装置5由两套动滑轮516、软索505、液压油缸518、滑块502组成，一套动滑轮516相连的液压油缸518装配在底盘车架1上，相连的软索505通过运动端517装配在船形车厢2上，另一套动滑轮516相连的液压油缸518装配在船形车厢2上，相连的软索的运动端517装配在底盘车架1上，动滑轮516通过滑块502装配在底盘车架1的滑道上，动滑轮516由液压油缸518驱动，液压油缸518的运动从而实现船形车厢2与底盘车架1在陆地与水中行驶所需变换。
本实施例中，软索505可以为皮带或钢绳或绳索；软索505可以为链条，动滑轮516为链轮。
综上所述，本发明通过离合升降装置控制船形车厢与底盘车架在陆地与水中行驶所需的位置相对变换，在水中行驶时，底盘车架及陆地行驶装置在水面之上，由于船形车厢采用流线船型，降低了车在水中的行驶阻力，在水中行驶时，与现有的船没有较大的区别；在陆地行驶时，由于陆地行驶装置上的转向装置、动力传动装置、制动装置、悬挂装置与底盘车架一起运动，与现有的普通车辆的结构没有较大的差别，因此，本发明成本低、使用可靠，本发明可广泛用于家用车辆、客运车辆、货运车辆、旅游车辆、娱乐车辆、工程车辆、军用车辆、儿童玩具上，有效减少湖泊、河流、道路、桥梁、海湾、码头对人们日常生活生产活动的影响，有利于提高交通道路的运行效率，并减少桥梁的负荷。

Claims (3)

  1. 一种水陆两用车，它包括有底盘车架、一个或一个以上的船形车厢，其特征在于，还包括离合升降装置；所述离合升降装置与所述船形车厢相连，并与所述底盘车架相连。
  2. 据权利要求1所述的水陆两用车，其特征在于，还包括陆地行驶装置，所述陆地行驶装置与所述底盘车架相连；所述陆地行驶装置包括一个或一个以上车轮，或包括一套或一套以上履带，或包括一个或一个以上车轮及一套或一套以上履带。
  3. 据权利要求1所述的水陆两用车，其特征在于，还包括一套或一套以上水上推进装置；所述水上推进装置与船形车厢相连,或与底盘车架相连；或者至少一套所述水上推进装置与所述底盘车架相连，且至少一套所述水上推进装置与所述船形车厢相连。
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