WO2011052175A1 - 熱硬化性ポリアミド樹脂組成物からなるファイバー、不織布およびその製造法 - Google Patents
熱硬化性ポリアミド樹脂組成物からなるファイバー、不織布およびその製造法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011052175A1 WO2011052175A1 PCT/JP2010/006277 JP2010006277W WO2011052175A1 WO 2011052175 A1 WO2011052175 A1 WO 2011052175A1 JP 2010006277 W JP2010006277 W JP 2010006277W WO 2011052175 A1 WO2011052175 A1 WO 2011052175A1
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- polyamide resin
- thermosetting
- nonwoven fabric
- resin composition
- fiber
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- 0 C[N+](*(*)I#C)[O-] Chemical compound C[N+](*(*)I#C)[O-] 0.000 description 2
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
- D04H1/549—Polyamides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L63/00—Compositions of epoxy resins; Compositions of derivatives of epoxy resins
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L77/10—Polyamides derived from aromatically bound amino and carboxyl groups of amino-carboxylic acids or of polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/78—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolycondensation products
- D01F6/80—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolycondensation products from copolyamides
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/88—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/90—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyamides
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/12—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyamide as constituent
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
- D04H1/587—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives characterised by the bonding agents used
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
- D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
- D04H1/728—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by electro-spinning
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2401/00—Physical properties
- D10B2401/06—Load-responsive characteristics
- D10B2401/063—Load-responsive characteristics high strength
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2505/00—Industrial
- D10B2505/04—Filters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/298—Physical dimension
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/608—Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
- Y10T442/614—Strand or fiber material specified as having microdimensions [i.e., microfiber]
- Y10T442/626—Microfiber is synthetic polymer
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a thermosetting composition for a fiber containing a phenolic hydroxyl group-containing polyamide resin and an epoxy resin, a nanofiber comprising the composition, a nonwoven fabric obtained by heat-curing a deposit of the nanofiber, and production thereof. Regarding the law.
- nonwoven fabrics used for filter materials and cushion materials are used for nonwoven fabrics used for filter materials and cushion materials.
- the nonwoven fabric used for the cushioning material in the manufacturing process in the non-ferrous metal field requires heat resistance, chemical resistance and mechanical strength, such as inorganic nonwoven fabric made of glass fiber, metal or metal oxide fiber, Organic non-woven fabric made of polyphenylene sulfide fiber, aramid fiber, polyimide fiber or fluorine fiber has been used.
- inorganic fibers are not bonded to each other, the use of inorganic fibers is avoided because the dust of inorganic fibers generated during the manufacture, use, and disposal of the nonwoven fabric has an adverse effect on the human body and the environment. Yes.
- the elastic modulus is high, it is not suitable for a cushion material.
- it contains impurity ions it is difficult to use it for electronic parts.
- organic nonwoven fabrics generally have insufficient heat resistance, fiberization is difficult, or there is no bond between fibers, so there is insufficient resistance to organic solvents, and mechanical strength is insufficient. was there.
- Patent Document 1 In order to improve heat resistance, resistance to organic solvents, and mechanical strength, as a fleece bonding method for bonding fibers, a thermal bonding method (patent document 1) in which low melting point fibers are melted with heat to bond the fibers together, or adhesion
- the chemical bond method (patent document 2) etc. which heat-adhere the fiber of the nonwoven fabric impregnated with the agent or sprayed on the surface is devised.
- the nonwoven fabric of Patent Document 1 contains a low-melting-point compound or a thermoplastic resin, it is deformed or melted at a high temperature and has insufficient heat resistance.
- thermosetting polyamide resin composition containing a phenolic hydroxyl group-containing polyamide resin and an epoxy resin is disclosed in Patent Document 3 as an adhesive composition.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a nanofiber made of a thermosetting resin composition and a non-woven fabric excellent in heat resistance, chemical resistance and mechanical strength obtained from the nanofiber.
- thermosetting fiber comprising a thermosetting polyamide resin composition containing a) a phenolic hydroxyl group-containing polyamide resin and b) an epoxy resin having two or more epoxy groups in one molecule.
- thermosetting fiber according to the above (1) wherein the phenolic hydroxyl group-containing polyamide resin is a random copolymerized aromatic polyamide resin having a repeating structure represented by the following formula (A):
- R 1 and R 2 represent a divalent aromatic group, and may be the same or different from each other.
- n is an average number of substituents and represents a positive number of 1 to 4.
- x, y, and z are average degrees of polymerization, where x is 1 to 10, y is 0 to 20, and z is a positive number from 1 to 50, respectively.
- the thermosetting fiber according to the above (1) or (2) which is a nanofiber having a fiber diameter of 10 to 1000 nm.
- the thermosetting fiber according to (3) which is manufactured by an electrospinning method.
- (6) A heat-resistant bag filter using the nonwoven fabric described in (5) above.
- (7) A secondary battery separator using the nonwoven fabric described in (5) above.
- (8) A secondary battery electrode using the nonwoven fabric described in (5) above.
- (9) A heat insulating material using the nonwoven fabric described in (5) above.
- (10) A filter cloth using the nonwoven fabric described in (5) above.
- thermosetting polyamide resin composition containing a) a phenolic hydroxyl group-containing polyamide resin and b) an epoxy resin having two or more epoxy groups in one molecule
- a method for producing a thermosetting fiber in which a voltage is applied between a spinneret and a collector, a spinning solution is spouted from the spinneret, and the nanofibers described in (3) above are accumulated on the collector.
- thermosetting polyamide resin composition containing a) a phenolic hydroxyl group-containing polyamide resin and b) an epoxy resin having two or more epoxy groups in one molecule for fiber production.
- a thermosetting polyamide resin composition for fibers containing a) a phenolic hydroxyl group-containing polyamide resin and b) an epoxy resin having two or more epoxy groups in one molecule.
- R 1 and R 2 represent a divalent aromatic group, and may be the same or different from each other.
- n is an average number of substituents and represents a positive number of 1 to 4.
- x, y, and z are average degrees of polymerization, where x is 1 to 10, y is 0 to 20, and z is a positive number from 1 to 50, respectively.
- thermosetting polyamide resin composition for fibers of the present invention can be made into fibers by dissolving in a solvent and spinning, and fibers made of the resin composition are produced by an electrospinning method. Can do. And it can be set as a nonwoven fabric by heat-processing the deposit.
- nanofibers when produced by an electrospinning method, they can be obtained as nanofiber deposits, and a nonwoven fabric can be obtained simply by heat-treating the obtained deposits. Since the non-woven fabric is directly bonded and cured between the nanofibers at the contact portion, it has a feature that it is superior in chemical resistance and mechanical strength than the conventional non-woven fabric. Therefore, the nonwoven fabric can be used for heat-resistant bag filters, secondary battery separators, heat insulating materials, various filters, sound absorbing materials, and the like.
- Example 1 the electron micrograph of the nanofiber obtained by the electrospinning method.
- Example 2 the electron micrograph of the nanofiber obtained by the electrospinning method.
- Example 3 the electron micrograph of the nanofiber obtained by the electrospinning method.
- Example 4 the electron micrograph of the nanofiber obtained by the electrospinning method.
- thermosetting polyamide resin composition for fibers of the present invention contains a) a phenolic hydroxyl group-containing polyamide resin, and b) an epoxy resin having two or more epoxy groups in one molecule.
- a) phenolic hydroxyl group-containing polyamide resin any polyamide resin having a phenolic hydroxyl group in its molecular structure can be used.
- the preferred resin the following formula (1)
- R 2 represents a divalent aromatic group, n is an average number of substituents and represents a positive number of 1 to 4), and includes a phenolic hydroxyl group-containing polyamide. Can do.
- the —R 2 — group in the segment of the formula (1) includes the following formula (2)
- R 3 is a hydrogen atom or a substituent having 0 to 6 carbon atoms which may contain O, S, P, F, Si, R 4 is a direct bond or O, N, S, P, F, Si And a, b and c are the average number of substituents, a is a positive number from 0 to 4, and b is a positive number from 0 to 4 each independently C represents a positive number of 0 to 6.
- R 4 may be the same or different.
- an aromatic residue represented by the following formula (3) is particularly preferable.
- R 3 in the above formula (2) or (3) is a hydrogen atom; a hydroxyl group; a C1-C6 chain alkyl group such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a pentyl group, or a hexyl group; cyclobutyl A C4-C6 cyclic alkyl group such as a group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, etc., which may be the same or different. Usually, all the same are preferable.
- R 4 in the above formula (2) or formula (3) includes a direct bond, —O—, —SO 2 —, —NH—, — (CH 2 ) 1-6 —, etc. O- or -CH 2 -is more preferable.
- the position of the bond on the two aromatic rings is preferably 4,4 ′. That is, as the diamine component used for the synthesis of the polyamide, a diamine diphenyl compound having an amino group at 4,4 ′ is preferable.
- R 3 is a hydrogen atom (when b is 0), R 4 is —O— or —CH 2 —, and the bonding position of two aromatic rings is 4,4 The case of 'can be mentioned.
- all the segments may have the structure of the above formula (1) or may have other structures. The latter is usually preferred.
- a resin having a repeating structure represented by the formula (A) is preferable, and all segments are more preferable than those in the formula (A).
- the divalent aromatic group represented by —R 1 — in formula (A) is preferably any one of the aromatic residues represented by formula (2).
- R 1 in the plurality of segments may be the same or different, but is usually the same.
- -R 1- is preferably an aromatic residue represented by the following formula (4).
- R 3 and a have the same meaning as in formula (2).
- R 3 in the formula (4) is the same as that in the formula (3), and a hydrogen atom is more preferable.
- the position of the two bonds in formula (4) may be any, the position of one bond is the first position, and the position of the other bond is the third position (meta position) of the aromatic ring (benzene ring) Is preferred.
- the a) phenolic hydroxyl group-containing polyamide resin in the thermosetting polyamide resin composition for fibers of the present invention is usually a phenolic hydroxyl group-containing aromatic dicarboxylic acid, and optionally other dicarboxylic acids (preferably aromatic dicarboxylic acids), and It can be obtained by reacting an aromatic diamine with a condensing agent.
- hydroxyisophthalic acid dihydroxyisophthalic acid
- hydroxyterephthalic acid dihydroxyterephthalic acid
- hydroxyphthalic acid dihydroxyphthalic acid
- dihydroxyphthalic acid and dihydroxyphthalic acid.
- 5-hydroxyisophthalic acid 4-hydroxyisophthalic acid, 2-hydroxyisophthalic acid, 4,6-dihydroxyisophthalic acid, 2-hydroxyterephthalic acid, 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalic acid, 4-hydroxyphthalic acid Is preferred, and 5-hydroxyisophthalic acid is more preferred.
- aromatic diamines examples include diaminobenzene compounds such as phenylenediamine, diaminotoluene, diaminoxylene, diaminomesitylene, diaminodurene, diaminoazobenzene, and diaminonaphthalene; diaminonaphthalene compounds; diaminobiphenyl, diaminodimethoxybiphenyl, and the like.
- Biphenyl compounds diaminodiphenyl ether compounds such as diaminodiphenyl ether and diaminodimethyldiphenyl ether; methylene dianiline, methylene bis (methylaniline), methylene bis (dimethylaniline), methylene bis (methoxyaniline), methylene bis (dimethoxyaniline), methylene bis (ethylaniline) (Diethylaniline), methylenebis (ethoxyaniline) Diaminodiphenylmethane compounds such as methylenebis (diethoxyaniline), isopropylidenedianiline, hexafluoroisopropylidenedianiline; diaminobenzophenone compounds such as diaminobenzophenone and diaminodimethylbenzophenone; diaminoanthraquinone, diaminodiphenylthioether, diaminodimethyldiphenylthioether, diaminodiphenyl
- aromatic dicarboxylic acids that can be used in combination with the phenolic hydroxyl group-containing aromatic dicarboxylic acid include isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, biphenyldicarboxylic acid, oxydibenzoic acid, thiodibenzoic acid, dithiodibenzoic acid, and carbonyldibenzoic acid.
- these other aromatic dicarboxylic acids are used, they are used in an amount of 99 mol% or less, sometimes 95 mol% or less, 40 mol% or more, preferably 60 mol% or more, based on the total amount of the dicarboxylic acid component. .
- condensing agent used include, for example, phosphites and tertiary amines.
- an aromatic diamine component and a dicarboxylic acid component are reacted by adding a phosphite and a tertiary amine in an inert solvent as necessary, usually in the presence of these condensing agents.
- phosphites include triphenyl phosphite, diphenyl phosphite, tri-o-tolyl phosphite, di-o-tolyl phosphite, tri-m-tolyl phosphite, phosphorus phosphite Examples include tri-p-tolyl acid, di-p-tolyl phosphite, di-p-chlorophenyl phosphite, tri-p-chlorophenyl phosphite, di-p-chlorophenyl phosphite, and the like. More than one species can be mixed, but triphenyl phosphite is preferred. The amount used is usually 1.0 to 3.0 mol, preferably 1.5 to 2.5 mol, relative to 1.0 mol of the diamine compound used.
- Examples of the tertiary amine used together with the phosphite may include pyridine compounds such as pyridine, 2-picoline, 3-picoline, 4-picoline, and 2,4-lutidine.
- the amount is usually 1.0 to 4.0 mol, preferably 2.0 to 3.0 mol, relative to 1.0 mol of diamine.
- the reaction is generally carried out in an inert solvent.
- the inert solvent does not substantially react with the phosphite and has a property of dissolving the diamine and the dicarboxylic acid well. It is desirable that the reaction product is a good solvent for the polyamide resin.
- solvents include N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N, N-dimethylformamide, N-methylcaprolactam, N, N-dimethylimidazolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, tetramethylurea, and pyridine.
- Such aprotic polar solvents nonpolar solvents such as toluene, hexane, heptane, tetrahydrofuran, diglyme, dioxane, trioxane, or a mixed solvent thereof can be used.
- nonpolar solvents such as toluene, hexane, heptane, tetrahydrofuran, diglyme, dioxane, trioxane, or a mixed solvent thereof
- pyridine alone or a mixed solvent composed of pyridine and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone also serves as the tertiary amine.
- the amount of these solvents to be used is generally 0 to 500 ml, preferably 50 to 300 ml, relative to 0.1 mol of diamine used.
- inorganic salts such as lithium chloride and calcium chloride in addition to the above phosphite, tertiary amine and inert solvent.
- the amount added is usually 0.1 to 2.0 mol, preferably 0.2 to 1.0 mol, relative to 1.0 mol of the diamine compound used.
- thermosetting polyamide resin composition for fibers of the present invention First, if necessary, inorganic salts are added to a solution composed of an organic solvent containing a tertiary amine. Thereafter, a phenolic hydroxyl group-containing aromatic dicarboxylic acid and usually another dicarboxylic acid are further added thereto, and 0.5 to 2 mol of aromatic diamine is added to 1 mol of all dicarboxylic acid components. While heating and stirring under an inert atmosphere such as nitrogen, phosphite is added dropwise and reacted. The reaction temperature is usually 30 to 180 ° C, preferably 80 to 130 ° C.
- the reaction time is usually 30 minutes to 24 hours, preferably 1 to 10 hours.
- the reaction mixture is poured into a poor solvent such as water or methanol to separate the polymer, and then purified by a reprecipitation method or the like to remove by-products or inorganic salts.
- the used phenolic hydroxyl group-containing polyamide resin can be obtained.
- the weight average molecular weight of the phenolic hydroxyl group-containing polyamide resin is preferably 10,000 to 1,000,000.
- the logarithmic viscosity value (measured with a 0.5 g / dl N, N-dimethylacetamide solution at 30 ° C.) of the polyamide resin having such a preferred weight average molecular weight is in the range of 0.1 to 4.0 dl / g. In general, it is determined by referring to this logarithmic viscosity whether or not it has a preferred weight average molecular weight. When the logarithmic viscosity is too small, the fiber formability is poor and the appearance of properties as a polyamide resin is insufficient.
- the hydroxyl equivalent of the phenolic hydroxyl group-containing polyamide resin used in the present invention can be appropriately changed depending on the purpose of use and the like, but considering chemical resistance and the like, it is preferably about 5,000 to 50,000. About 50,000 to 50,000.
- any epoxy resin having two or more epoxy groups in its structure can be used.
- cycloaliphatic epoxies such as bis (epoxycyclohexyl) carboxylate; novolac epoxy resin; xylylene skeleton-containing phenol novolac epoxy resin; biphenyl skeleton-containing novolac epoxy resin; bisphenol A type epoxy resin or bisphenol F type Bisphenol type epoxy resin such as epoxy resin; Tetramethylbiphenol type epoxy resin; A biphenyl skeleton-containing novolac type epoxy resin represented by the following formula (5) is preferred.
- m represents an average value and represents a positive number of 0.1 to 10.
- These epoxy resins can be obtained as commercial products, and specific trade names include NC-3000 and NC-3000-H (both manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.).
- the component a) acts as a curing agent for the component b), but in the present invention, other curing agents other than the component a) may be used in combination.
- curing agents that can be used in combination include diaminodiphenylmethane, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, diaminodiphenylsulfone, isophoronediamine, dicyandiamide, polyamide resin synthesized from linolenic acid and ethylenediamine, phthalic anhydride, anhydrous Trimellitic acid, pyromellitic anhydride, maleic anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride, methyl nadic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride, phenol novolak, triphenylmethane and these Modified products, imidazoles, BF 3 -amine complexes
- the amount of the curing agent containing the component a) is preferably such that the total amount of functional groups in the entire curing agent is 0.7 equivalent or more with respect to 1 equivalent of the epoxy group of the component b). More preferred is 0.7 to 1.2 equivalents.
- the total amount of functional groups of the curing agent is less than 0.7 equivalent with respect to 1 equivalent of epoxy group, there is a possibility that curing is incomplete and good cured properties cannot be obtained.
- there is no problem in curing since many functional groups in the curing agent remain and hydrophilicity is increased, there is a possibility that the water absorption rate of the resulting nonwoven fabric may increase or the chemical resistance may decrease.
- the thermosetting polyamide resin composition for fibers of the present invention may contain a curing accelerator.
- the curing accelerator that can be used include imidazoles such as 2-methylimidazole, 2-ethylimidazole, 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, 2- (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol, 1,8-diaza, and the like.
- -Tertiary amines such as bicyclo (5,4,0) undecene-7, phosphines such as triphenylphosphine, and metal compounds such as tin octylate.
- the curing accelerator is used in an amount of 0.1 to 5.0 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the epoxy resin component.
- additives can be added to the thermosetting polyamide resin composition for fibers of the present invention as long as the curability and the bonding between nanofibers are not impaired.
- additives include metal nanoparticles such as silver, copper, and zinc, inorganic nanoparticles such as titanium oxide, barium titanate, boron nitride, and diamond, and resins such as polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene, and polybenzoxazole.
- Dye anti-fogging agent, anti-fading agent, anti-halation agent, fluorescent whitening agent, surfactant, leveling agent, plasticizer, flame retardant, antioxidant, anti-static agent, dehydrating agent, reaction retarding agent, light Stabilizers, photocatalysts, fungicides, antibacterial agents, magnetic materials, and thermally decomposable compounds
- the fiber diameter of the fiber of the present invention obtained using the thermosetting polyamide resin composition for fibers of the present invention is preferably about 10 to 1000 nm.
- the fiber which has a fiber diameter of this range is called nanofiber.
- the fiber diameter is more preferably about 50 to 1000 nm, and still more preferably about 100 to 500 nm.
- the fiber diameter referred to here represents, for example, the diameter of the nanofiber that can be visually confirmed by an electron micrograph.
- the aspect ratio between the fiber diameter and the fiber length is preferably as large as possible, and is usually 20 or more, preferably 25 or more, more preferably 50 or more, still more preferably 100 or more, and most preferably 1000 or more.
- the aspect ratio of the nanofiber that can be obtained in the present invention is usually about 20 to 500,000, preferably about 100 to 500,000.
- the fiber of the present invention can be easily obtained by an electrospinning method using a solution (also referred to as spinning solution) in which the thermosetting polyamide resin composition for fibers of the present invention is dissolved in a solvent.
- the electrospinning method used in the present invention is a method in which a spinning solution is put into an electrospinning container having a spinning port, and a spinning port (also referred to as a head) for spinning the fiber and the spun fiber are collected.
- a spinning solution is put into an electrospinning container having a spinning port, and a spinning port (also referred to as a head) for spinning the fiber and the spun fiber are collected.
- thermosetting fiber of the present invention can be spun from the spinning port by applying a voltage between the spinning port and the collector of the electrospinning container containing the solution of the thermosetting polyamide resin composition used in the present invention. It can be obtained by spinning the liquid and accumulating nanofibers having a fiber diameter of 10 to 1000 nm on the collector.
- the case of integrating on a collector, the case of directly integrating on a collector, and the case of installing a substrate or the like on the collector and integrating on the collector are included.
- the electrospinning method used in the present invention will be described more specifically.
- a syringe with a metal needle (with the tip cut vertically) (spindle port) having an inner diameter of 0.3 to 0.5 mm (electrospinning container)
- a metal plate (collector) about 200 mm apart from the tip of the needle and a voltage of 10 to 20 kV is applied between the tip of the needle and the metal plate
- nanofibers can be obtained within a few hours. Is deposited on the substrate. Any substrate can be used as long as it does not hinder the formation of a strong electric field.
- a substrate such as an aluminum foil to which the nanofibers of the present invention do not adhere.
- the spinning solution has a viscosity of preferably 1 cps to 50,000 cps, more preferably about 100 cps to 20,000 cps.
- Solvents that can be used to make the spinning solution include, for example, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N, N-dimethylformamide, N-methylcaprolactam, N, N-dimethylimidazolidone
- Aprotic polar solvents such as toluene, xylene, hexane, cyclohexane, and heptane; other acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone, methyl acetate, acetic acid Ethyl, caprolactone, butyrolactone, valerolactone, tetrahydrofuran, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diglyme, triglyme, propylene glycol monomethyl ether monoacetate, dioxane, and trioxa
- solvents such as.
- N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and the like are preferable from the viewpoint of solubility and volatility of the thermosetting polyamide resin composition for fibers of the present invention. From the viewpoint of volatility, N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) is most preferable.
- the solid content concentration in the spinning solution is usually preferably 15 to 40% by mass with respect to the entire spinning solution.
- the nonwoven fabric of the present invention is obtained by peeling a nanofiber deposit obtained by electrospinning from a substrate, and under normal pressure, under pressure or stretching, and at 150 to 250 ° C. for 10 minutes to 2 hours, preferably at about 200 ° C. It can be obtained by heat treatment for 30 minutes to 1 hour.
- the contact portion between the nanofibers is strongly bonded by a curing reaction by heating, and a high-strength nonwoven fabric having excellent heat resistance and chemical resistance is obtained.
- the thickness of the non-woven fabric can be appropriately adjusted by stacking the nanofiber deposits having an appropriate thickness or an appropriate thickness. Usually, it is about 30 nm to 1 mm, and preferably about 100 nm to 300 ⁇ m.
- the nonwoven fabric of the present invention thus obtained can be used for applications such as a heat-resistant bag filter, a secondary battery separator, a secondary battery electrode, a heat insulating material, a filter cloth, and a sound absorbing material because of its characteristics.
- a heat-resistant bag filter it can be used as a bag filter for a general waste incinerator or industrial waste incinerator.
- a secondary battery separator it can be used as a separator for a lithium ion secondary battery.
- a secondary battery electrode it can be used as a secondary battery electrode formation binder by using the deposit of the thermosetting nanofiber before thermosetting.
- a conductive nonwoven fabric obtained by dispersing and mixing a powder electrode material in the spinning solution of the present invention, electrospinning it, and thermosetting the deposit can also be used as a secondary battery electrode.
- a heat insulating material it can be used as a backup material for heat-resistant bricks and for combustion gas sealing.
- a filter cloth it can be used as a filter cloth for a microfilter by adjusting the thickness of the nonwoven fabric and the like and adjusting the size of the pores of the nonwoven fabric. By using the filter cloth, solids in a fluid such as liquid or gas can be separated.
- a sound absorbing material it can be used as a sound absorbing material such as wall surface sound insulation reinforcement and an inner wall sound absorbing layer.
- the reaction liquid containing a) phenolic hydroxyl group containing polyamide resin represented by these was obtained.
- the reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, and then poured into 500 g of methanol.
- the precipitated resin was separated by filtration, washed with 500 g of methanol, and further purified by refluxing with methanol. Subsequently, after cooling to room temperature, it filtered, and the filtrate was dried and resin powder was obtained.
- the yield was 160 g and the yield was 96%.
- e, f, and g in the said Formula (6) show the same meaning as x, y, and z in the said Formula (A), and are the average repeating number (average polymerization degree) of each segment.
- the value of e / (e + f) calculated from the charged amount of the raw material is 0.022, and the weight average molecular weight calculated in terms of polystyrene based on the measurement result of gel permeation chromatography is 80,000.
- 0.100 g of this resin powder was dissolved in 20.0 ml of N, N-dimethylacetamide, and the logarithmic viscosity measured at 30 ° C. using an Ostwald viscometer was 0.60 dl / g.
- the calculated active hydrogen equivalent to the epoxy group was 3300 g / eq (hydroxyl equivalent was 17,000 g / eq).
- the active hydrogen equivalent with respect to an epoxy group is the equivalent number of the hydrogen atom which can react with an epoxy group.
- Examples 1 to 4 The polyamide resin obtained in Synthesis Example 1 and the epoxy resin represented by the above formula (5) as an epoxy resin NC-3000 (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., epoxy equivalent 275 g / eq, softening point 58 ° C., formula (5) The average number of repetitions m of the segment is about 2.5), GPH-65 (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., hydroxyl group equivalent 170 g / eq, softening point 65 ° C.), 2-methylimidazole (curing accelerator 65 ° C.) 2MZ) and N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) as a solvent in an amount of parts by mass shown in Table 1, to prepare a solution (spinning solution) of the thermosetting polyamide resin composition for fibers of the present invention.
- NC-3000 manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., epoxy equivalent 275 g / eq, softening point 58 ° C.
- the obtained resin composition was filled into a syringe set with a metal needle having an inner diameter of 0.35 mm, and an aluminum foil substrate was placed on a 100 mm square SUS plate (collector) just 200 mm below the tip of the needle. Then, the voltage shown in Table 1 was applied between the metal needle and the SUS plate, and the nanofiber of the present invention having a fiber length of 25 ⁇ m or more was obtained by electrospinning. The fiber diameters of the obtained nanofibers are shown in Table 1, and electron micrographs are shown in FIGS.
- Example 5 The deposit of the thermosetting polyamide resin composition nanofiber obtained in Example 2 was heat-treated at 200 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain the nonwoven fabric of the present invention. The obtained non-woven fabric was immersed in N, N-dimethylformamide for 30 minutes to confirm that it was insoluble (FIG. 5).
- Comparative Example 1 Only the polyamide resin obtained in Synthesis Example 1 was dissolved in DMF to prepare a 21% by mass solution, and the solution was filled in a syringe set with a metal needle having an inner diameter of 0.35 mm. An aluminum foil substrate was placed on the SUS plate, a voltage of 13 kV was applied between the metal needle and the SUS plate, and a polyamide resin nanofiber deposit having a fiber diameter of 150 nm was obtained by electrospinning. The nanofiber deposit was heat-treated at 200 ° C. for 1 hour, and the resulting nonwoven fabric was immersed in N, N-dimethylformamide for 30 minutes and dissolved.
- Example 6 Each of the thermosetting polyamide resin composition nanofiber deposits obtained in Examples 1 to 4 was cut into 20 cm squares, and the two pieces were stacked so as to overlap each other with a width of 1 mm, and 1 at 200 ° C. using a hot plate press. Heat treatment was performed for a period of time to obtain one non-woven fabric sample of the present invention, each of which was bonded with a width of 1 mm. In order to measure the adhesive strength of the adhesion part of the obtained nonwoven fabric sample, it pulled until it fractured from both ends, and the fracture strength was measured. As a result, in any sample, there was no peeling at the bonded portion, and the portions other than the bonded portion were broken. The measurement results of the breaking strength are shown in Table 2. Table 2 From the results in the above table, it can be seen that in the nonwoven fabric obtained in the present invention, the fibers are firmly fixed without using an adhesive, and a very strong nonwoven fabric can be obtained.
- Comparative Example 2 A nonwoven fabric was obtained using the polyamide resin nanofiber deposit obtained in Comparative Example 1 in the same manner as in Example 6. I tried to measure the adhesive strength of the resulting nonwoven fabric in the same way as above, but the two nonwoven fabrics were not adhered, and the two nonwoven fabrics separated before being applied to the measuring machine, allowing me to measure the adhesive strength. There wasn't. In addition, the two non-woven fabrics obtained above were not adhered to each other and were scattered during handling.
- the fiber comprising the thermosetting polyamide resin composition of the present invention can be made into a non-woven fabric by thermosetting the deposit, and the non-woven fabric is directly bonded and cured at the contact portion. It is characterized by superior chemical resistance and mechanical strength than non-woven fabric.
- a nonwoven fabric composed of nanofibers can be easily produced, and since the nonwoven fabric has the above characteristics, a heat-resistant bag filter, a secondary battery separator, a heat insulating material, various filters, and a sound absorbing material. Etc. can be used.
Abstract
Description
また、フェノール性水酸基含有ポリアミド樹脂とエポキシ樹脂とを含有する熱硬化性ポリアミド樹脂組成物は特許文献3に接着剤組成物として開示されている。
(1)a)フェノール性水酸基含有ポリアミド樹脂と、b)1分子中にエポキシ基を2個以上有するエポキシ樹脂とを含有する熱硬化性ポリアミド樹脂組成物からなる熱硬化性ファイバー。
(2)a)フェノール性水酸基含有ポリアミド樹脂が、下記式(A)で表される繰り返し構造を有するランダム共重合芳香族ポリアミド樹脂である上記(1)に記載の熱硬化性ファイバー、
式(A)
式中、R1およびR2は2価の芳香族基を表し、互いに同一でも異なっていてもよい。nは平均置換基数であって1~4の正数を表す。x、y、zは平均重合度であってxは1~10、yは0~20、zは1~50の正数をそれぞれ表す。
(3)10~1000nmの繊維径を有するナノファイバーである上記(1)又は(2)に記載の熱硬化性ファイバー。
(4) エレクトロスピニング法で製造された上記(3)に記載の熱硬化性ファイバー。
(6)上記(5)に記載の不織布を用いた耐熱性バグフィルター。
(7)上記(5)に記載の不織布を用いた二次電池セパレーター。
(8)上記(5)に記載の不織布を用いた二次電池電極。
(9)上記(5)に記載の不織布を用いた断熱材料。
(10)上記(5)に記載の不織布を用いた濾布。
(11)上記(5)に記載の不織布を用いた吸音材料。
(12)a)フェノール性水酸基含有ポリアミド樹脂と、b)1分子中にエポキシ基を2個以上有するエポキシ樹脂とを含有する熱硬化性ポリアミド樹脂組成物を含む溶液を入れたエレクトロスピニング用容器の紡糸口とコレクターの間に電圧を印可して、紡糸口から紡糸液を紡出して、上記(3)に記載のナノファイバーをコレクター上に集積する熱硬化性ファイバーの製造方法。
(13) エレクトロスピニングにより上記(3)に記載のナノファイバーの堆積物を得、それを熱硬化する、ナノファイバー同士が固着した不織布の製造方法。
(15) a)フェノール性水酸基含有ポリアミド樹脂と、b)1分子中にエポキシ基を2個以上有するエポキシ樹脂とを含有するファイバー用熱硬化性ポリアミド樹脂組成物。
(16) a)フェノール性水酸基含有ポリアミド樹脂が、下記式(A)で表される繰り返し構造を有するランダム共重合芳香族ポリアミド樹脂である上記(15)に記載のファイバー用熱硬化性ポリアミド樹脂組成物、
式(A)
式中、R1およびR2は2価の芳香族基を表し、互いに同一でも異なっていてもよい。nは平均置換基数であって1~4の正数を表す。x、y、zは平均重合度であってxは1~10、yは0~20、zは1~50の正数をそれぞれ表す。
式(1)のセグメントにおける-R2-基としては、下記式(2)
上記式(2)又は式(3)における好ましいR3としては、水素原子;水酸基;メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基、ペンチル基、ヘキシル基等のC1~C6鎖状アルキル基;シクロブチル基、シクロペンチル基、シクロヘキシル基等のC4~C6環状アルキル基等;が挙げられ、互いに同一でも異なっていてもよい。通常、全て同一であるものが好ましい。また、上記式(2)又は式(3)における好ましいR4としては、直接結合、-O-、-SO2-、-NH-、-(CH2)1~6-等が挙げられ、-O-又は-CH2-がよりこのましい。なお、2つの芳香環上の結合手の結合の位置は4,4’が好ましい。即ち、ポリアミドの合成に使用されるジアミン成分としては、4,4’にアミノ基を有するジアミンジフェニル化合物が好ましい。式(3)のより好ましい基としては、R3が水素原子(bが0の場合)、R4が-O-又は-CH2-であり、2つの芳香環の結合の位置が4,4’の場合を挙げることができる。
式(4)における好ましいR3としては前記式(3)におけるのと同じであり、水素原子がより好ましい。式(4)における2本の結合手の位置は、何れでもよく、片方の結合手の位置を1位として、他方の結合手の位置が、芳香環(ベンゼン環)の3位(メタ位)の時が好ましい。
反応終了後、反応混合物を水やメタノールなどの貧溶媒中に投じて重合体を分離した後、再沈殿法等によって精製を行って副生成物や無機塩類などを除去することにより、本発明で用いるフェノール性水酸基含有ポリアミド樹脂を得ることができる。
一般に好ましい重量平均分子量を有するか否かは、この対数粘度を参照することにより判断する。対数粘度が小さ過ぎると、ファイバーの形成性が悪い上、ポリアミド樹脂としての性質出現が不十分であるため好ましくない。逆に固有粘度が大き過ぎると、分子量が高すぎ溶剤溶解性が悪くなり、かつ紡糸が困難になるといった問題が発生する。ポリアミド樹脂の分子量を調節する簡便な方法としては、ジアミン成分あるいはジカルボン酸成分のどちらか一方を過剰に使用する方法を挙げることが出来る。
又、本発明で使用される上記フェノール性水酸基含有ポリアミド樹脂の水酸基当量は使用目的等により適宜変えることができるが、耐薬品性などを考慮すると、5,000~50,000程度が好ましく、10,000~50,000程度である。
これらのエポキシ樹脂は市販品として入手することができ、具体的な商品名としてはNC-3000、NC-3000-H(いずれも日本化薬株式会社製)などが挙げられる。
併用し得る硬化剤の具体例としては、ジアミノジフェニルメタン、ジエチレントリアミン、トリエチレンテトラミン、ジアミノジフェニルスルホン、イソホロンジアミン、ジシアンジアミド、リノレン酸の2量体とエチレンジアミンとより合成されるポリアミド樹脂、無水フタル酸、無水トリメリット酸、無水ピロメリット酸、無水マレイン酸、テトラヒドロ無水フタル酸、メチルテトラヒドロ無水フタル酸、無水メチルナジック酸、ヘキサヒドロ無水フタル酸、メチルヘキサヒドロ無水フタル酸、フェノ-ルノボラック、トリフェニルメタン及びこれらの変性物、イミダゾ-ル、BF3-アミン錯体、グアニジン誘導体などが挙げられるがこれらに限定されるものではない。
a)成分が全硬化剤中に占める割合は、通常20質量%~100質量%、好ましくは30質量%~98質量%程度、より好ましくは50~97%程度である。
本発明で得ることができるナノファイバーのアスペクト比は通常20~500,000程度であり、好ましくは100~500,000程度である。
本発明で使用するエレクトロスピニング法は、具体的には、紡糸口を有するエレクトロスピニング用容器に紡糸液を入れ、繊維を紡出する紡糸口(ヘッドともいう)と紡出された繊維を捕集するコレクターとの間に大きな電位差を付与して強電界場を形成した雰囲気中に、紡糸口から荷電した紡糸液を紡出してナノファイバーからなる集合体を前記コレクター上に形成することにより行うことができる。
即ち、本発明の熱硬化性ファイバーは、本発明で使用する熱硬化性ポリアミド樹脂組成物の溶液を入れたエレクトロスピニング用容器の紡糸口とコレクターの間に電圧を印可して、紡糸口から紡糸液を紡出して、10~1000nmの繊維径を有するナノファイバーをコレクター上に集積させることにより得ることができる。
なお、本発明において、コレクター上に集積させるといった場合、コレクター上に直接集積させる場合、また、コレクター上に基板等を設置して、その上に集積させる場合の何れをも含む。
本発明で使用するエレクトロスピニング法をより具体的に述べれば、例えば、内径0.3~0.5mmの金属針(先端を垂直にカットしたもの)(紡錘口)付きシリンジ(エレクトロスピニング用容器)に樹脂組成物溶液を充填し、針先より200mm程度間隔をあけた金属板(コレクター)上に基板を敷き、針先と金属板間に10~20kVの電圧をかけると、数時間でナノファイバーが基板上に堆積する。基板は強電界場の形成を妨げないものであれば何れも使用可能である。本発明のナノファイバーを基板からはがして使用する場合は、アルミ箔などの本発明のナノファイバーが接着しない基板を用いるのが好ましい。
紡糸液の粘度は、1cps~50,000cpsが好ましく、100cps~20,000cps程度がより好ましい。紡糸液の粘度と紡糸口の大きさを調整することにより、任意の繊維径を持つナノファイバーを得ることができる。
本発明のファイバー用熱硬化性ポリアミド樹脂組成物の溶解性及び揮発性などの点から、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン、N,N-ジメチルアセトアミド、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド(DMF)等が好ましく、揮発性などからN,N-ジメチルホルムアミド(DMF)が最も好ましい。
紡糸液中の固形分濃度は紡糸液全体に対して、通常15~40質量%が好ましい。
不織布の厚さは、堆積させる量、又は、適当な厚さのナノファイバー堆積物を重ねることにより適宜調整することができる。通常、30nm~1mm程度であり、好ましくは、通常、100nm~300μm程度である。
この様にして得られる本発明の不織布は、その有する特性から、例えば、耐熱性バグフィルター、二次電池セパレーター、二次電池電極、断熱材料、濾布および吸音材料等の用途に用いることが出来る。
例えば、耐熱性バグフィルターの場合、一般ごみ焼却炉・産業廃棄物焼却炉用のバグフイルターとして使用することが出来る。
また、二次電池セパレーターの場合、リチウムイオン二次電池用のセパレーターとして使用することが出来る。
また、二次電池電極の場合、熱硬化前の熱硬化性ナノファイバーの堆積物を用いることにより、二次電池電極形成用バインダーとして、使用することが出来る。さらに、本発明の紡糸液に粉末電極材料を分散混合し、それをエレクトロスピニングし、堆積物を熱硬化することにより得られた導電性不織布を、二次電池電極としても使用する事が出来る。
また、断熱材料の場合、耐熱レンガのバックアップ材、燃焼ガスシール用として使用することが出来る。
また、濾布の場合、不織布の厚さ等を適宜調整し、不織布の孔の大きさを調整することにより、マイクロフィルター用の濾布などとして使用することができる。該濾布を使用することにより、液若しくはガスなどの流体中の固形分を分離することが出来る。
また、吸音材料の場合、壁面遮音補強、内壁吸音層などの吸音材料として使用することが出来る。
温度計、冷却管及び撹拌器を取り付けたフラスコに、窒素ガスパージを施し、5-ヒドロキシイソフタル酸1.8g、イソフタル酸81.3g、3,4’-ジアミノジフェニルエーテル102g、塩化リチウム3.4g、N-メチルピロリドン344g、ピリジン115.7gを加え撹拌溶解させた後、亜リン酸トリフェニル251gを加えて90℃で8時間反応させた。その結果、下記式(6)
なお、上記式(6)中のe、f及びgは前記式(A)におけるx、y,及びzと同じ意味を示し、それぞれのセグメントの平均の繰り返し数(平均重合度)である。上記で得られた樹脂においては、原料の仕込み量から算出したe/(e+f)の値は0.022であり、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィーの測定結果を元にポリスチレン換算で算出した重量平均分子量は80,000であった。
この樹脂粉末0.100gをN,N-ジメチルアセトアミド20.0mlに溶解させ、オストワルド粘度計を用い30℃で測定した対数粘度は、0.60dl/gであった。エポキシ基に対する活性水素当量は計算値で3300g/eq(水酸基当量は17,000g/eq)であった。なお、エポキシ基に対する活性水素当量は、エポキシ基と反応しうる水素原子の当量数である。
合成例1で得られたポリアミド樹脂、エポキシ樹脂として前記式(5)で表されるエポキシ樹脂NC-3000(日本化薬株式会社製、エポキシ当量275g/eq、軟化点58℃、式(5)におけるセグメントの平均の繰り返し数mは約2.5)、硬化剤としてGPH-65(日本化薬株式会社製、水酸基当量170g/eq、軟化点65℃)、硬化促進剤として2-メチルイミダゾール(2MZ)、及び溶媒としてN,N-ジメチルホルムアミド(DMF)を表1に示す質量部で配合して、本発明のファイバー用熱硬化性ポリアミド樹脂組成物の溶液(紡糸液)を調製した。得られた樹脂組成物を、内径0.35mmの金属針をセットしたシリンジに充填し、針先より200mm直下に100mm角のSUS板(コレクター)上にアルミ箔基板を設置した。その後、金属針とSUS板間に表1に示す電圧を印加して、エレクトロスピニングにより25μm以上のファイバー長を有する本発明のナノファイバーを得た。得られたナノファイバーの繊維径を表1に、電子顕微鏡写真を図1~4に示した。
実施例2で得られた熱硬化性ポリアミド樹脂組成物ナノファイバーの堆積物を、200℃で1時間加熱処理し、本発明の不織布を得た。得られた不織布をN,N-ジメチルホルムアミドに30分間浸し、不溶であることを確認した(図5)。
合成例1で得られたポリアミド樹脂のみをDMFに溶解させ21質量%の溶液に調製し、内径0.35mmの金属針をセットしたシリンジに溶液を充填し、針先より200mm直下に100mm角のSUS板上にアルミ箔基板を置き、金属針とSUS板間に13kVの電圧を印加して、エレクトロスピニングにより繊維径150nmのポリアミド樹脂ナノファイバー堆積物を得た。本ナノファイバー堆積物を200℃で1時間加熱処理し、得られた不織布をN,N-ジメチルホルムアミドに30分間浸したところ、溶解してしまった。
実施例1~4で得られた熱硬化性ポリアミド樹脂組成物ナノファイバーの堆積物をそれぞれ20cm角に切り出し、それぞれその2枚を1mm幅で重なるように重ね、熱板プレスを用い200℃で1時間加熱処理し、それぞれの2枚が1mm幅で接着されたそれぞれ1枚の本発明の不織布サンプルを得た。得られた不織布サンプルの接着部分の接着強度を測定するため、両端から破断するまで引っ張り、破断強度を測定した。その結果、何れのサンプルにおいても、接着部での剥がれは無く、接着部以外の箇所が破断した。その破断強度の測定結果を表2に示した。
表2
上表の結果から、本発明で得られる不織布においては、接着剤を使用すること無しに、繊維同士が硬く固着しており、非常に丈夫な不織布が得られることが判る。
比較例1で得られたポリアミド樹脂ナノファイバー堆積物を、実施例6と同様にして不織布を得た。得られた不織布の接着強度を上記と同様に測定しようとしたが、2枚の不織布が接着しておらず、測定機にかける前に、2枚の不織布が離れてしまい、接着強度を測定出来なかった。また、上記で得られた2枚の不織布も、ナノファイバー同士が固着しておらず、取扱中にばらけて来てしまった。
Claims (16)
- a)フェノール性水酸基含有ポリアミド樹脂と、b)1分子中にエポキシ基を2個以上有するエポキシ樹脂とを含有する熱硬化性ポリアミド樹脂組成物からなる熱硬化性ファイバー。
- 10~1000nmの繊維径を有するナノファイバーである請求項1又は2に記載の熱硬化性ファイバー。
- エレクトロスピニング法で製造された請求項3に記載の熱硬化性ファイバー。
- 請求項3に記載の熱硬化性ファイバーの堆積物を熱硬化した不織布。
- 請求項5に記載の不織布を用いた耐熱性バグフィルター。
- 請求項5に記載の不織布を用いた二次電池セパレーター。
- 請求項5に記載の不織布を用いた二次電池電極。
- 請求項5に記載の不織布を用いた断熱材料。
- 請求項5に記載の不織布を用いた濾布。
- 請求項5に記載の不織布を用いた吸音材料。
- a)フェノール性水酸基含有ポリアミド樹脂と、b)1分子中にエポキシ基を2個以上有するエポキシ樹脂とを含有する熱硬化性ポリアミド樹脂組成物を含む溶液を入れたエレクトロスピニング用容器の紡糸口とコレクターの間に電圧を印可して、紡糸口から紡糸液を紡出して、請求項3に記載のナノファイバーをコレクター上に集積する熱硬化性ファイバーの製造方法。
- エレクトロスピニングにより請求項3に記載のナノファイバーの堆積物を得、それを熱硬化する、ナノファイバー同士が固着した不織布の製造方法。
- a)フェノール性水酸基含有ポリアミド樹脂と、b)1分子中にエポキシ基を2個以上有するエポキシ樹脂とを含有する熱硬化性ポリアミド樹脂組成物の、ファイバー製造のための用途。
- a)フェノール性水酸基含有ポリアミド樹脂と、b)1分子中にエポキシ基を2個以上有するエポキシ樹脂とを含有するファイバー用熱硬化性ポリアミド樹脂組成物。
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JP7216848B2 (ja) | 2016-04-06 | 2023-02-01 | ドナルドソン カンパニー,インコーポレイティド | 室温架橋で作製した微細繊維 |
US11578431B2 (en) | 2016-04-06 | 2023-02-14 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Fine fibers made from room temperature crosslinking |
JP2017190535A (ja) * | 2016-04-12 | 2017-10-19 | 日本バイリーン株式会社 | 不織布及びその製造方法 |
JP2018040421A (ja) * | 2016-09-07 | 2018-03-15 | 株式会社東芝 | 真空断熱パネルのコア材、真空断熱パネルおよび冷蔵庫 |
JP2021155906A (ja) * | 2017-06-08 | 2021-10-07 | アセンド・パフォーマンス・マテリアルズ・オペレーションズ・リミテッド・ライアビリティ・カンパニーAscend Performance Materials Operations Llc | ポリアミドナノファイバー不織布 |
JP7170091B2 (ja) | 2017-06-08 | 2022-11-11 | アセンド・パフォーマンス・マテリアルズ・オペレーションズ・リミテッド・ライアビリティ・カンパニー | ポリアミドナノファイバー不織布 |
JP2019143809A (ja) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-08-29 | 株式会社東芝 | 真空断熱パネル、コア材、冷蔵庫 |
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TW201124570A (en) | 2011-07-16 |
JPWO2011052175A1 (ja) | 2013-03-14 |
TWI507577B (zh) | 2015-11-11 |
JP5587903B2 (ja) | 2014-09-10 |
KR20120084741A (ko) | 2012-07-30 |
CN102597115A (zh) | 2012-07-18 |
US20120178332A1 (en) | 2012-07-12 |
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