WO2011049032A1 - 蓄熱式バーナーの燃焼設備及び燃焼方法 - Google Patents
蓄熱式バーナーの燃焼設備及び燃焼方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011049032A1 WO2011049032A1 PCT/JP2010/068250 JP2010068250W WO2011049032A1 WO 2011049032 A1 WO2011049032 A1 WO 2011049032A1 JP 2010068250 W JP2010068250 W JP 2010068250W WO 2011049032 A1 WO2011049032 A1 WO 2011049032A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- combustion
- gas
- burner
- heat
- furnace
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L15/00—Heating of air supplied for combustion
- F23L15/02—Arrangements of regenerators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C99/00—Subject-matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/008—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases cleaning gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
- F27D99/0033—Heating elements or systems using burners
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2202/00—Fluegas recirculation
- F23C2202/30—Premixing fluegas with combustion air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
- F23C2900/09001—Cooling flue gas before returning them to flame or combustion chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2221/00—Pretreatment or prehandling
- F23N2221/08—Preheating the air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2233/00—Ventilators
- F23N2233/06—Ventilators at the air intake
- F23N2233/08—Ventilators at the air intake with variable speed
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
- Y02P80/10—Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier
- Y02P80/15—On-site combined power, heat or cool generation or distribution, e.g. combined heat and power [CHP] supply
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a combustion facility and a combustion method for a regenerative burner.
- a heat storage burner designed for energy saving in an industrial furnace is provided with a pair of burners equipped with a heat storage body on the furnace side wall, etc. for combustion containing fuel gas and oxygen with one burner
- a mixed gas of gas combustion air
- the heat storage body is heated by discharging combustion exhaust gas from the other burner through the heat storage body.
- combustion and exhaust gas emission are alternately performed, and the heat storage body heated by the combustion exhaust gas is used for combustion. Preheated as the gas passes.
- a combustion facility using this regenerative burner for example, a regenerative burner installation furnace described in Patent Document 1 below can be cited.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a combustion facility and a combustion method for a regenerative burner that can reduce the amount of escape gas released and achieve high exhaust heat recovery efficiency and energy saving. Objective.
- the present invention employs the following means. That is, (1)
- the present invention includes a furnace body; a pair of burners provided with a heat storage body provided in the furnace body, and the pair of burners are alternately burned in the furnace, and the burner is in a non-burning state.
- the combustion exhaust gas in the furnace is sucked to store heat in the heat storage body of the burner, and a predetermined amount of combustion gas is supplied to the burner in the combustion state to cool the heat storage body of the burner and to release heat from the heat storage body
- a combustion facility of a regenerative burner that preheats the combustion gas, the non-combustion gas that does not disturb the combustion together with the predetermined amount of combustion gas is supplied to the burner in the combustion state,
- a gas supply device for cooling the heat storage body is provided.
- an exhaust line for exhausting the combustion exhaust gas remaining without being taken in from the non-burning burner to the outside of the furnace, and the exhaust gas exhausted from the exhaust line A cooling / heat recovery device that cools the combustion exhaust gas and recovers heat; and a non-combustion gas supply device that supplies the heat recovery recovered combustion exhaust gas as the non-combustion gas to the gas supply device. Also good.
- an exhaust line for exhausting the combustion exhaust gas remaining without being sucked from the non-burning burner to the outside of the furnace, and the exhaust gas exhausted from the exhaust line A boiler that cools the combustion exhaust gas and recovers heat to generate steam, and supplies at least one of the heat recovery recovered combustion exhaust gas and the generated steam to the gas supply device as the non-combustion gas And a second non-combustion gas supply device.
- a third non-combustion gas supply device that supplies an inert gas to the gas supply device as the non-combustion gas May be included.
- the present invention is a combustion method for a regenerative burner, wherein a pair of burners provided with a heat accumulator are alternately burned in the furnace, and the combustion exhaust gas in the furnace is sucked from a non-burning burner.
- an exhaust process for exhausting the combustion exhaust gas remaining without being sucked from the non-burning burner to the outside of the furnace, and exhausted in the exhaust process A cooling / heat recovery step for cooling the combustion exhaust gas and recovering heat; and a non-combustion gas supply step for supplying the heat recovered combustion exhaust gas as the non-combustion gas to the gas supply step. May be.
- the method for burning a regenerative burner described in (5) to (7) above includes a third non-combustion gas supply step for supplying an inert gas as the non-combustion gas to the gas supply device. May be.
- the combustion is provided by having the gas supply device and the gas supply step. Cooling of the regenerator with non-combustion gas that does not contribute to Thereby, the thermal radiation amount of a thermal storage body is increased, and the temperature rise of a thermal storage body is prevented.
- the heat storage body can store the amount of heat that corresponds to the heat dissipation amount, so that the combustion exhaust gas can flow to the heat storage body more than before, resulting in the release of escape gas Can be reduced.
- the generation amount of the combustion exhaust gas does not increase more than the supply amount of the non-combustion gas. Therefore, in the present invention, the amount of escape gas released can be reduced, and high exhaust heat recovery efficiency and energy saving can be achieved.
- FIG.1 and FIG.2 is a figure which shows the structure of the heating furnace 1 in embodiment of this invention.
- a heating furnace (combustion facility of a regenerative burner) 1 has a furnace body 2, and the furnace body 2 is surrounded by a furnace wall formed of a refractory material such as heat-resistant concrete.
- a heat-treated product such as a steel material is arranged in the furnace body 2.
- a pair of regenerative burners (10 is provided, protruding from the inside of the side wall of the furnace body 2.
- the regenerative burner 10 includes a pair of burners 11A and 11B.
- the regenerative burner 10 is The burner 11A and the burner 11B that are paired alternately perform combustion and intake air (see FIGS.
- control device includes a computer system that comprehensively controls the operation of each component device included in the heating furnace 1, and operates the heating furnace 1. Control overall.
- the burner 11A is provided with a heat storage body 12A
- the burner 11B is provided with a heat storage body 12B.
- As the heat storage body 12A and the heat storage body 12B for example, a form in which ceramic balls are filled, a form in which ceramic is formed in a honeycomb shape, or the like is employed.
- the burner 11A and the burner 11B have a first gas supply line 20 for supplying fuel gas, a second gas supply line 30 for supplying non-combustion gas (combustion exhaust gas) to be described later together with combustion gas (combustion air), and Are connected.
- the first gas supply line 20 is connected to the burners 11A and 11B at positions closer to the furnace body 2 than the heat storage bodies 12A and 12B.
- the combustion blower (gas supply device) 31 supplies combustion gas and non-combustion gas to the second gas supply line 30 under a constant pressure. That is, when the burner is in a combustion state, the non-combustion gas that does not disturb the combustion is supplied from the combustion blower 31 together with a predetermined amount of combustion gas, whereby the heat storage body of the burner can be cooled.
- the second gas supply line 30 is piped so that the gas pumped by the combustion blower 31 passes through the heat storage bodies 12A and 12B and is supplied to the burners 11A and 11B.
- the first gas supply line 20 is provided with control valves 22A and 22B for switching the gas supply to the burner 11A or the burner 11B.
- the second gas supply line 30 is provided with control valves 32A and 32B for switching the gas supply from the combustion blower 31 to the burner 11A or the burner 11B.
- the burner 11A and the burner 11B are connected to an exhaust gas line 40 that sucks combustion exhaust gas generated in the furnace and exhausts it outside the furnace.
- the exhaust gas line 40 is piped so that the gas sucked by the exhaust fan 41 passes through the heat storage bodies 12A and 12B and is released to the outside.
- Control valves 42A and 42B are provided in the exhaust gas line 40, and the source of gas intake by the exhaust fan 41 is switched from the burner 11A or from the burner 11B.
- the furnace body 2 is provided with an escape gas line (exhaust line) 50 that exhausts a part of the combustion exhaust gas in the furnace (escape gas) to the outside of the furnace without passing through the burners 11A and 11B.
- the escape gas line 50 is provided with a cooling / heat recovery device 51 that cools the combustion exhaust gas exhausted outside the furnace as escape gas and recovers heat.
- the cooling / heat recovery device 51 of the present embodiment adopts a boiler form that generates water vapor by exchanging heat between the combustion exhaust gas and water.
- a well-known type such as a shell and tube type heat exchanger, a plate fin type heat exchanger, or the like can be adopted.
- a non-combustion gas supply device 60 is provided that supplies the fuel 31 to the outside and discharges the remaining heat-recovered combustion exhaust gas to the outside.
- the non-combustion gas supply device 60 includes a pressure feeding means such as a blower, a flow rate control device for controlling the return flow rate of the combustion exhaust gas, and piping (both not shown).
- control valve 22A and the control valve 32A are opened based on a command from the control device to bring the burner 11A into a combustion state as shown in FIG. .
- the control valve 22B and the control valve 32B are closed.
- the inside of the furnace is heated by the combustion of the burner 11A, the combustion exhaust gas is sucked from the burner 11B in a non-combustion state.
- the control valve 42B is opened, while the control valve 42A is closed.
- the combustion exhaust gas (about 1200 ° C.) sucked from the burner 11B is deprived of heat by passing through the heat storage body 12B, and is discharged to the outside. At this time, the heat storage body 12B is heated from about 250 ° C. to about 1200 ° C. by heat storage due to passage of the combustion exhaust gas (heat storage step).
- the combustion is switched from the burner 11A to the burner 11B based on a command from the control device as shown in FIG. That is, the control valve 22A and the control valve 32A are closed, while the control valve 22B and the control valve 32B are opened. Further, the control valve 42B is closed and the control valve 42A is opened.
- the combustion gas (about 30 ° C.) supplied to the burner 11B is preheated when passing through the heat storage body 12B, and rises to a temperature close to the furnace temperature (combustion gas preheating step).
- the heat storage body 12B cools down from about 1200 ° C. to about 250 ° C. due to heat radiation by passage of the combustion gas.
- combustion exhaust gas is sucked and heat is stored in the heat storage body 12A. By continuing such a combustion cycle repeatedly, the inside of the furnace is heated.
- the cooling / heat recovery unit 51 generates water vapor by recovering the waste heat of the combustion exhaust gas as described above.
- the steam generated in the cooling / heat recovery unit 51 is transported to, for example, another heat treatment facility and used in the heat treatment process.
- the combustion exhaust gas recovered by the cooling / heat recovery unit 51 is introduced into the non-combustion gas supply device 60.
- the non-combustion gas supply device 60 supplies a part of the heat-recovered combustion exhaust gas to the combustion blower 31 via the escape gas return line 61 and discharges the remaining heat-recovered combustion exhaust gas to the outside. (Non-combustion gas supply process).
- the low-temperature (about 300 ° C.) combustion exhaust gas supplied to the combustion blower 31 via the escape gas return line 61 is combined with a predetermined amount of combustion gas by the combustion blower 31 and any of the burners 11A and 11B in the combustion state. Supplied to
- the combustion exhaust gas cools the heat storage body 12A together with the combustion gas (gas supply step). Since the combustion blower 31 supplies the combustion exhaust gas together with the combustion gas, the amount of gas supplied to the heat storage body 12A is increased, and the cooling capacity is improved. That is, since a predetermined amount of low-temperature combustion exhaust gas that does not contribute to combustion is supplied to the heat storage body 12A in addition to a predetermined amount of combustion gas that contributes to combustion, the heat dissipation amount of the heat storage body 12A increases. Then, the temperature rise of the heat storage body 12A is prevented.
- the combustion exhaust gas preheated through the heat storage body 12A is blown into the furnace again, but does not contribute to combustion, but exclusively contributes to maintaining the furnace temperature.
- generation of nitrogen oxides (NO x ) in the system can be reduced.
- the burner 11A sucks the combustion exhaust gas and causes the heat storage body 12A to store heat.
- the heat release amount in the heat storage body 12A is increased by the supply amount of the combustion exhaust gas. Since the heat storage body 12A can store the amount of heat corresponding to the amount of heat released, more combustion exhaust gas can flow to the heat storage body 12A. As a result, the escape gas release amount can be reduced. Further, since the combustion exhaust gas does not contribute to combustion, the amount of combustion exhaust gas generated in the furnace does not increase more than the supply amount of combustion exhaust gas, and the mass balance in the system can be taken.
- the burners 11A and 11B that are paired with the heat storage elements 12A and 12B are alternately burned in the furnace, and the combustion exhaust gas in the furnace is burned from the non-burning burner. And heat is stored in the heat storage body of the burner. Then, a predetermined amount of combustion gas is supplied to the burner in the combustion state to cool the heat storage body of the burner, and the combustion gas is preheated by heat radiation of the heat storage body.
- a combustion blower 31 that cools the heat storage body of the burner by supplying non-combustion gas that does not disturb the combustion to the burners 11A and 11B in the combustion state together with the predetermined amount of combustion gas is provided.
- the heat storage bodies 12A and 12B are cooled with a non-combustion gas that does not contribute to combustion. .
- the thermal radiation amount of heat storage body 12A, 12B is increased, and the temperature rise of heat storage body 12A, 12B is prevented.
- the heat storage bodies 12A and 12B can store the amount of heat corresponding to the heat release amount, so that combustion exhaust gas can flow to the heat storage bodies 12A and 12B as compared with the conventional case.
- the amount of escape gas released can be reduced.
- the generation amount of the combustion exhaust gas does not increase more than the supply amount of the non-combustion gas.
- the exhaust gas remaining after being not taken in from the non-combustion burners 11A and 11B is exhausted to the outside of the furnace, and the escape gas line 50 is exhausted from the escape gas line 50.
- a cooling / heat recovery unit 51 that cools the combustion exhaust gas and recovers heat; and a non-combustion gas supply device 60 that supplies the heat-recovered combustion exhaust gas as the non-combustion gas to the combustion blower 31.
- the exhaust gas remaining without being taken in from the non-burning burners 11A and 11B is discharged from the escape gas line 50 to the outside of the furnace, and then recovered, and the temperature is lowered.
- the combustion exhaust gas is supplied to the combustion blower 31 as non-combustion gas. Thereby, the thermal radiation amount of a thermal storage body is increased, and the temperature rise of a thermal storage body is prevented. Further, generation of nitrogen oxides (NO x ) in the system can be reduced by circulation of the combustion exhaust gas.
- NO x nitrogen oxides
- combustion exhaust gas is used as the non-combustion gas.
- water vapor generated by the cooling / heat recovery unit 51 may be used as the non-combustion gas. That is, instead of providing the cooling / heat recovery device 51 in the escape gas line 50 described above, a boiler that cools the combustion exhaust gas exhausted from the exhaust line and recovers heat to generate water vapor is provided. May be.
- the non-combustion gas supply device (referred to as a second non-combustion gas supply device) here is at least one of the heat-recovered combustion exhaust gas and the generated water vapor. One of them is supplied to the gas supply device as the non-combustion gas.
- the combustion exhaust gas remaining without being sucked from the burner in the non-combustion state is exhausted from the exhaust line to the outside of the furnace, and heat is recovered to generate water vapor, and the combustion exhaust gas in a state where the temperature is reduced and the generation At least one of the water vapor is supplied to the gas supply device as a non-combustion gas for cooling the heat storage body.
- the thermal radiation amount of a thermal storage body can be increased, and the temperature rise of a thermal storage body can be prevented.
- water vapor in addition to the above-described effects, rapid combustion in the furnace can be suppressed by supplying water vapor, and the amount of nitrogen oxides (NO x ) generated can be suppressed.
- both the combustion exhaust gas recovered by heat and the water vapor may be used as non-combustion gas.
- an inert gas for example, argon gas, helium gas, nitrogen gas or the like can be used.
- an inert gas and a non-combustion gas supply device that supplies the inert gas referred to as a third non-combustion gas supply device
- the heat accumulator in addition to the conventional cooling of the heat accumulator with a predetermined amount of combustion gas, the heat accumulator is cooled with an inert gas that does not contribute to combustion. Thereby, the thermal radiation amount of a thermal storage body can be increased, and the temperature rise of a thermal storage body can be prevented.
- the amount of escape gas released can be reduced, and high exhaust heat recovery efficiency and energy saving can be achieved.
- SYMBOLS 1 Heating furnace (combustion equipment of regenerative burner), 10 ... Regenerative burner, 11A, 11B ... Burner, 12A, 12B ... Regenerator, 31 ... Combustion blower (gas supply device), 50 ... Escape gas line (exhaust) Line), 51 ... cooling / heat recovery device (boiler), 60 ... non-combustion gas supply device
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Air Supply (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
- Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本願は、2009年10月23日に日本に出願された特願2009-244381号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
このため、従来では蓄熱体の温度過昇を避けるために、燃焼排ガスの総発生量の約20%をエスケープガス(escape gas)として、蓄熱体を通さずに高温のまま系外に放出している。しかし、エスケープガスの放出は、排熱回収効率及び省エネルギー化の観点からは好ましくない。
エスケープガスの放出量を低減させるためには、蓄熱体の温度過昇を防止する必要がある。例えば燃焼時間(放熱時間)を非燃焼時間(蓄熱時間)よりも長くするように時間差をつけた運転をする手法が考えられるが、この手法はマスバランス(mass balance)が取れないため不可能である。
すなわち、
(1)本発明は、炉体と;炉体に設けられた、蓄熱体を備える一対のバーナーとを有し、前記一対のバーナーを炉内において交互に燃焼させつつ、非燃焼状態のバーナーから炉内の燃焼排ガスを吸気して該バーナーの蓄熱体に熱を蓄熱させ、燃焼状態のバーナーに所定量の燃焼用ガスを供給して該バーナーの蓄熱体を冷却すると共に該蓄熱体の放熱により該燃焼用ガスを予熱する蓄熱式バーナーの燃焼設備であって、上記燃焼状態のバーナーに、上記所定量の燃焼用ガスと共に燃焼に外乱を与えない非燃焼用ガスを供給して、該バーナーの蓄熱体を冷却するガス供給装置を有する。
したがって、本発明では、エスケープガスの放出量を低減させ、高い排熱回収効率及び省エネルギー化を図ることができる。
加熱炉(蓄熱式バーナーの燃焼設備)1は、炉体2を有し、炉体2は、耐熱性コンクリート等の耐火物で形成された炉壁で囲まれている。炉体2内には、鋼材等の被熱処理品が配置される。
炉体2の側壁内部から外部に突出して、1組の蓄熱式バーナー(10が設けられている。蓄熱式バーナー10は、対となったバーナー11A及びバーナー11Bを備える。蓄熱式バーナー10は、対となったバーナー11A及びバーナー11Bに交互に燃焼と吸気を行わせている(図1及び図2参照)。また、炉内には、炉内の圧力を計測する炉圧センサ及び炉温センサが設けられ、その計測情報は、制御装置(ともに不図示)に送られる。制御装置は、加熱炉1が備える各構成装置の動作を統括的に制御するコンピュータシステムを備え、加熱炉1の運転全般を制御する。
バーナー11A及びバーナー11Bには、燃料ガスを供給する第1ガス供給ライン20と、燃焼用ガス(燃焼用空気)と共に後述する非燃焼用ガス(燃焼排ガス)を供給する第2ガス供給ライン30とが連結されている。第1ガス供給ライン20は、の蓄熱体12A,12Bより炉体2側の位置で、各バーナー11A,11Bと連結されている。燃焼用ブロア(ガス供給装置)31は、燃焼用ガスと非燃焼用ガスを、一定の圧力の下で第2ガス供給ライン30に供給する。即ち、バーナーが燃焼状態の時、燃焼用ブロア31より、所定量の燃焼用ガスと共に燃焼に外乱を与えない非燃焼用ガスを供給することで、該バーナーの蓄熱体を冷却することができる。第2ガス供給ライン30は、燃焼用ブロア31によって圧送されてくるガスを蓄熱体12A,12Bを通過して各バーナー11A,11Bに供給するように配管されている。
炉内に鉄やステンレス等の鋼材が搬入されると、制御装置からの指令に基づいて、図1に示すように、制御弁22A及び制御弁32Aを開放して、バーナー11Aを燃焼状態にする。このとき、制御弁22B及び制御弁32Bは、閉塞される。
バーナー11Aの燃焼により、炉内が加熱されると、その燃焼排ガスは、非燃焼状態のバーナー11Bから吸気される。このとき、制御弁42Bは開放され、一方、制御弁42Aは閉塞されている。バーナー11Bから吸気された燃焼排ガス(約1200℃程度)は、蓄熱体12Bを通過することで熱を奪われて冷やされ、外部に放出される。このとき、蓄熱体12Bは、燃焼排ガスの通過による蓄熱により、約250℃程度から約1200℃程度まで昇温する(蓄熱工程)。
このような燃焼サイクルを繰り返し継続することにより、炉内が加熱される。
エスケープガスライン50を介して炉外に排気された燃焼排ガスは、冷却・熱回収器51に導入される。冷却・熱回収器51には、冷媒として水が供給されており、燃焼排ガスは、水との間で熱交換することにより約1200℃程度から約300℃程度まで冷却される(冷却・熱回収工程)。冷却・熱回収器51は、燃焼排ガスの廃熱を上記のように回収することで、水蒸気を生成する。冷却・熱回収器51において生成された水蒸気は、例えば他の熱処理設備に輸送されて熱処理プロセスの過程において使用される。
エスケープガス返送ライン61を介して燃焼用ブロア31に供給された低温(約300℃程度)の燃焼排ガスは、燃焼用ブロア31によって所定量の燃焼用ガスと共に、燃焼状態のバーナー11A,11Bのいずれかに供給される。
この構成を採用することによって、本発明では、従来の所定量の燃焼用ガスによる蓄熱体12A,12Bの冷却に加えて、燃焼に寄与しない非燃焼用ガスによる蓄熱体12A,12Bの冷却を行う。これにより、蓄熱体12A,12Bの放熱量を増加させて、蓄熱体12A,12Bの温度過昇を防止する。蓄熱体12A,12Bの放熱量が増加すると、その放熱量にみあった熱量を蓄熱体12A,12Bが蓄熱可能となるため、従来よりも燃焼排ガスを蓄熱体12A,12Bに対して流すことができ、結果、エスケープガスの放出量を低減させることができる。また、非燃焼用ガスは燃焼に寄与しないので、非燃焼用ガスの供給量以上に燃焼排ガスの発生量が増加することはない。
この構成を採用することによって、本発明では、非燃焼状態のバーナー11A,11Bから吸気されずに残存した燃焼排ガスをエスケープガスライン50から炉外に排出した後に熱回収し、温度が下がった状態の燃焼排ガスを非燃焼用ガスとして燃焼用ブロア31に供給する。これにより、蓄熱体の放熱量を増加させて、蓄熱体の温度過昇を防止する。また、燃焼排ガスの循環により系内の窒素酸化物(NOX)の発生を低減できる。
例えば、非燃焼用ガスとして、冷却・熱回収器51で生成された水蒸気を用いてもよい。即ち、上述したエスケープガスライン50に冷却・熱回収器51が設けられている代わりに、上記排気ラインから排気された上記燃焼排ガスを冷却すると共に熱回収して水蒸気を生成するボイラーが設けられていても良い。ボイラーが設けられていることで、ここでの非燃焼用ガス供給装置(第2非燃焼用ガス供給装置と呼ぶ)は、上記熱回収された上記燃焼排ガス及び上記生成された上記水蒸気の少なくともいずれか一方を上記非燃焼用ガスとして上記ガス供給装置に供給する。
この構成によれば、非燃焼状態のバーナーから吸気されずに残存した燃焼排ガスを排気ラインから炉外に排出した後に熱回収して水蒸気を生成し、温度が下がった状態の燃焼排ガス及び生成した水蒸気の少なくともいずれか一方を、蓄熱体を冷却する非燃焼用ガスとしてガス供給装置に供給する。これにより、蓄熱体の放熱量を増加させて、蓄熱体の温度過昇を防止することができる。
また、水蒸気を用いることによって、上記作用効果に加えて、水蒸気の供給により炉内における急激な燃焼を抑制することができ、窒素酸化物(NOX)の発生量を抑えることができる。また、熱回収された燃焼排ガスと上記水蒸気とを共に、非燃焼用ガスとして用いてもよい。
この構成によれば、従来の所定量の燃焼用ガスによる蓄熱体の冷却に加えて、燃焼に寄与しない不活性ガスによる蓄熱体の冷却を行う。これにより、蓄熱体の放熱量を増加させて、蓄熱体の温度過昇を防止することができる。
Claims (8)
- 炉体と、
炉体に設けられた、蓄熱体を備える一対のバーナーと、を有し、
前記一対の
バーナーを炉内において交互に燃焼させつつ、非燃焼状態のバーナーから炉内の燃焼排ガスを吸気して該バーナーの蓄熱体に熱を蓄熱させ、燃焼状態のバーナーに所定量の燃焼用ガスを供給して該バーナーの蓄熱体を冷却すると共に該蓄熱体の放熱により該燃焼用ガスを予熱する蓄熱式バーナーの燃焼設備であって、
燃焼状態の前記バーナーに、所定量の燃焼用ガスと共に燃焼に外乱を与えない非燃焼用ガスを供給することで、該バーナーの蓄熱体を冷却するガス供給装置を有する。 - 非燃焼状態のバーナーから吸気されずに残存した燃焼排ガスを炉外に排気する排気ラインと、
前記排気ラインから排気された前記燃焼排ガスを冷却すると共に熱回収する冷却・熱回収器と、
前記熱回収された前記燃焼排ガスを前記非燃焼用ガスとして前記ガス供給装置に供給する非燃焼用ガス供給装置と、
を更に有する請求項1に記載の蓄熱式バーナーの燃焼設備。 - 非燃焼状態のバーナーから吸気されずに残存した燃焼排ガスを炉外に排気する排気ラインと、
前記排気ラインから排気された前記燃焼排ガスを冷却すると共に熱回収して水蒸気を生成するボイラーと、
前記熱回収された前記燃焼排ガス及び前記生成された前記水蒸気の少なくともいずれか一方を前記非燃焼用ガスとして前記ガス供給装置に供給する第2非燃焼用ガス供給装置と、
を更に有する請求項1に記載の蓄熱式バーナーの燃焼設備。 - 不活性ガスを前記非燃焼用ガスとして前記ガス供給装置に供給する第3非燃焼用ガス供給装置を有する請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の蓄熱式バーナーの燃焼設備。
- 蓄熱式バーナーの燃焼方法であって、
蓄熱体を備える一対のバーナーを炉内において交互に燃焼させつつ、非燃焼状態のバーナーから炉内の前記燃焼排ガスを吸気して該バーナーの蓄熱体に熱を蓄熱させる蓄熱工程と、
燃焼状態のバーナーに所定量の前記燃焼用ガスを供給して該バーナーの蓄熱体を冷却すると共に該蓄熱体の放熱により該燃焼用ガスを予熱する燃焼用ガス予熱工程と、
前記燃焼状態のバーナーに、前記所定量の燃焼用ガスと共に燃焼に外乱を与えない非燃焼用ガスを供給して、該バーナーの蓄熱体を冷却するガス供給工程を有する。 - 前記非燃焼状態のバーナーから吸気されずに残存した燃焼排ガスを炉外に排気する排気工程と、
前記排気工程で排気された前記燃焼排ガスを冷却すると共に熱回収する冷却・熱回収工程と、
前記熱回収された前記燃焼排ガスを前記非燃焼用ガスとして前記ガス供給工程に供給する非燃焼用ガス供給工程と、
を更に有する請求項5に記載の蓄熱式バーナーの燃焼方法。 - 前記非燃焼状態のバーナーから吸気されずに残存した燃焼排ガスを炉外に排気する排気工程と、
前記排気工程で排気された前記燃焼排ガスを冷却すると共に熱回収して水蒸気を生成する冷却・熱回収工程と、
前記熱回収された前記燃焼排ガス及び前記生成された前記水蒸気の少なくともいずれか一方を前記非燃焼用ガスとして前記ガス供給工程に供給する第2非燃焼用ガス供給工程と、
を更に有する請求項5に記載の蓄熱式バーナーの燃焼方法。 - 不活性ガスを前記非燃焼用ガスとして前記ガス供給装置に供給する第3非燃焼用ガス供給工程を更に有する請求項5~7のいずれか一項に記載の蓄熱式バーナーの燃焼方法。
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JP2015210050A (ja) * | 2014-04-28 | 2015-11-24 | 日本ファーネス株式会社 | 高温酸素燃焼装置及び高温酸素燃焼方法 |
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KR20120066045A (ko) | 2012-06-21 |
JP2011089723A (ja) | 2011-05-06 |
CN102549339B (zh) | 2015-07-22 |
JP5509785B2 (ja) | 2014-06-04 |
KR101485967B1 (ko) | 2015-01-23 |
TWI417489B (zh) | 2013-12-01 |
EP2492594A1 (en) | 2012-08-29 |
TW201124678A (en) | 2011-07-16 |
CN102549339A (zh) | 2012-07-04 |
EP2492594A4 (en) | 2014-12-03 |
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