WO2011040599A1 - 血管状態モニタリング装置およびモニタリング方法 - Google Patents
血管状態モニタリング装置およびモニタリング方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011040599A1 WO2011040599A1 PCT/JP2010/067254 JP2010067254W WO2011040599A1 WO 2011040599 A1 WO2011040599 A1 WO 2011040599A1 JP 2010067254 W JP2010067254 W JP 2010067254W WO 2011040599 A1 WO2011040599 A1 WO 2011040599A1
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- blood vessel
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
- A61B5/0071—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence by measuring fluorescence emission
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/02007—Evaluating blood vessel condition, e.g. elasticity, compliance
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
- A61B2562/18—Shielding or protection of sensors from environmental influences, e.g. protection from mechanical damage
- A61B2562/185—Optical shielding, e.g. baffles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
- A61B5/14546—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue for measuring analytes not otherwise provided for, e.g. ions, cytochromes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
- A61B5/1455—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/48—Other medical applications
- A61B5/4866—Evaluating metabolism
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
- A61B5/6813—Specially adapted to be attached to a specific body part
- A61B5/6824—Arm or wrist
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
- A61B5/6813—Specially adapted to be attached to a specific body part
- A61B5/6825—Hand
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for detecting fluorescence from a blood vessel of a living tissue and observing the health state of the living body based on the detected fluorescence.
- Diabetes is a disorder of eating habits and lifestyle habits, the effects of secretions from fat cells due to obesity, oxidative stress, pancreatic function decline, lack of insulin to control blood sugar levels, and reduced efficacy It develops by. Symptoms such as frequent urination and throat irritations appear when you have diabetes, but there is no subjective symptom of illness, and it is almost always detected by examinations at hospitals. This is the reason why there are many “silent” diabetics. After an abnormal symptom due to complications appears in a hospital or the like, the medical condition has often progressed and it is difficult to cure completely. In particular, complications are often difficult to treat, and prevention is as important as other lifestyle-related diseases. Early detection and treatment effect determination are indispensable for prevention, and there are many tests for diabetes for that purpose.
- AGEs Advanced Glycation End products; late glycation reaction products.
- AGEs are final products formed by non-enzymatic sugar addition reaction (Maillard reaction) of proteins. They are yellowish-brown, fluorescing substances that bind to nearby proteins to form crosslinks. It has properties. These AGEs are said to cause arteriosclerosis by depositing and invading blood vessel walls, releasing macrophages that act on macrophages that are part of the immune system, causing inflammation, and causing inflammation. ing.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and by detecting AGEs non-invasively from blood vessels, highly reliable data with high sensitivity and high correlation with vascular endothelial function is obtained. It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and a method for enabling anyone to easily monitor the state on a daily basis.
- the blood vessel state monitoring apparatus of the present invention includes an excitation light source that excites the state of a living blood vessel tissue, and a detection unit that detects fluorescence from the blood vessel tissue excited by the excitation light source.
- the excitation light source irradiates the living body (or part of the living body) including the vascular tissue, and the detection unit detects the fluorescence emitted by the excited vascular tissue.
- the fluorescence spectrum differs between AGEs accumulated in the blood vessel wall and blood vessel constituent molecules. Therefore, based on the fluorescence detected by the detection unit, it is possible to determine whether or not AGEs are accumulated in the vascular tissue that has emitted the fluorescence.
- AGEs can be detected non-invasively from blood vessels, AGEs can be detected from blood vessel tissues at any position where a living body is selected, and blood vessel health can be easily grasped.
- the blood vessel state monitoring apparatus and the monitoring method of the present invention by detecting AGEs non-invasively from a blood vessel, highly reliable data highly correlated with the vascular endothelial function is obtained, and the blood vessel health state is determined by anyone.
- the blood vessel state monitoring apparatus of the present invention is an apparatus that anyone can use easily and accurately to raise awareness of prevention of cardiovascular disease, and is excited with an excitation light source for detecting fluorescence derived from AGEs. Means for detecting the fluorescence obtained.
- AGEs There are about 20 types of AGEs just known, and some of them emit fluorescence when irradiated with excitation light.
- An example of AGEs is shown in the table of FIG. In the table of FIG. 7, CLF (collagen-linked fluorescence) is fluorescence from AGEs bound to collagen and is used as a general measure of total AGEs production and associated collagen cross-linking.
- Pentosidine and vesperlidine are typical examples of AGEs.
- Pentosidine has a structure in which pentose, equimolar lysine and arginine are cross-linked, and is a stable fluorescent substance after acid hydrolysis. In particular, it has been reported that it increases in the onset of diabetes and end-stage nephropathy.
- Vesperidin is isolated as a main fluorescent substance after acid hydrolysis of AGE-modified bovine serum albumin (BSA) and has a structure in which two molecules of lysine are cross-linked.
- BSA bovine serum albumin
- FIG. 7 shows the relationship between the excitation light source of AGEs and the fluorescence intensity.
- the wavelength used as the excitation light source is most preferably 370 nm or a wavelength in the vicinity thereof.
- an excitation light source having a wavelength range near 365 to 370 nm is particularly advantageous in terms of safety because it is easily available and close to the visible region.
- the excitation wavelength is not limited to this.
- Suitable excitation light widths depending on the type of AGEs are those ranging from 315 to 400 nm in the UVA region to 315 to 600 nm in the visible light region.
- an excitation wavelength of 315 to 325 nm is advantageous because characteristic fluorescence can be obtained from AGEs having a high correlation with nephropathy, which is a typical example of AGEs, such as pentosidine.
- the optimum excitation wavelength is appropriately selected according to the specification of the target AGEs to be detected.
- the wavelength is preferably shorter than this.
- any detector can be used as long as it can detect light in the range of 350 to 500 nm from the table of FIG. Since fine particles exhibit fluorescence wavelengths of 510, 575, and 700 nm when excited at 488 nm, there is a range of fluorescence wavelengths that can be detected depending on the type of AGEs, and any particle that can detect the range of 320 to 900 nm can be used. It is.
- the detector 9 detects fluorescence.
- the optical fiber 7 is coaxially provided with two types of fibers: an emission fiber that emits excitation light from the excitation light source 8 to the fiber tip, and an incident fiber that emits fluorescence from the fiber tip to the detector 9. It is divided into two forks through the top surface.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a blood vessel state monitoring apparatus.
- the blood vessel visualization light source 3, blood vessel detection device 4, lens 6, optical fiber 7, excitation light source 8, detector 9, and mechanical positioning mechanism 11 are connected to the control device 5 and controlled. The result can be confirmed on the monitor 10.
- the light-shielding container 1 is for efficiently obtaining fluorescence from the analysis site.
- the materials used are plastics such as light-shielding polystyrene and polyethylene, papers with aluminum foil inside the container, metals, and trees. Any material such as a light-shielding plastic is advantageous in view of portability, economy, and durability.
- the palm portion is shown in FIG. 1, but it is actually not visible because it is inside the shading container 1.
- the light shielding cover 2 is provided to efficiently obtain fluorescence from the analysis site. When importance is attached to portability and cost, it is advantageous to use light shielding plastic. Depending on the magnification of the lens 6, which will be described later, if it is made up of several units, it can be assembled and used when necessary, and can be disassembled and stored when not in use, further enhancing portability. It is desirable that the unit of the light shielding cover 2 has a structure such as a plug-in type that can be easily coupled to the light shielding container 1.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the blood vessel visualization light source 3 in more detail.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of the blood vessel visualization light source 3 provided inside the light shielding cover 2 when viewed from below.
- the part inserted into the light shielding container 1 is irradiated with the blood vessel visualization light source 3.
- the light source 31 an LED or the like is mainly used.
- the light source 31 has a hollow in the center of the substrate 32, and a plurality of light sources 31 are arranged in a donut shape around the cavity. By arranging in a donut shape, an image can be acquired by the blood vessel detection device 4 above the blood vessel visualization light source 3 without the light source 31 becoming a shadow.
- the substrate 32 is attached to the upper part inside the light shielding cover 2 with a fixed washer 33 and a screw 34.
- the blood vessel detection device 4 is realized by, for example, a camera provided with an image sensor.
- a CMOS Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
- CCD Charge Coupled Device
- these imaging elements may be equipped with an IR cut filter that transmits visible light and reflects infrared rays in front of the pixels.
- the image detected by the blood vessel detection device 4 is displayed on the monitor 10 of the control device 5, and the lens 6 connected to the blood vessel detection device 4 is used to survey the measurement position on the entire image or zoom to the measurement position. Can be confirmed in detail.
- blood vessels are clearly displayed on the monitor 10 even if they are capillary vessels that are difficult to visually confirm, and the thickness of the blood vessels and the depth from the skin surface can be selected. It becomes possible to measure.
- the blood vessel visualization light source 3 and the blood vessel detection apparatus 4 do not need to be used.
- the user can confirm the position to be measured by visually observing the blood vessel image displayed on the monitor 10, and thereafter, the tip of the optical fiber 7 can be brought into contact with the position. Thereby, the contact portion is irradiated using the excitation light source 8.
- the fluorescence measurement is performed while displaying the image acquired by the blood vessel detection device 4 on the monitor 10, the measurement location can be grasped in real time.
- a tube type such as a halogen or xenon light source, an LED, an LD, or the like can be used.
- the optical fiber 7 is used to guide the excitation light to the analysis site with as little loss as possible.
- a method of collecting and irradiating the light emitted from the excitation light source using the condensing lens (lens mechanism 13 in FIG. 8) without using the optical fiber 7 may be used.
- Fluorescence excited by light irradiated through the optical fiber 7 to the blood vessel position to be measured is guided to the detector 9 through an optical fiber coaxial with the optical fiber 7 used at the time of irradiation.
- a semiconductor detector such as a CCD array or a CMOS image sensor, a photomultiplier tube (PMT), a channeltron detector, or the like can be used.
- PMT photomultiplier tube
- a channeltron detector or the like.
- the result of receiving the fluorescence excited by the blood vessel with the detector 9 is displayed on the monitor 10 as a fluorescence spectrum as shown in FIG.
- the fluorescence intensity at a predetermined wavelength may be displayed as a numerical value on the monitor 10.
- the control device 5 is preferably a personal computer or the like that can adjust the brightness of the excitation light source 8, control irradiation / non-irradiation, display and analyze the obtained fluorescence spectrum, and store the obtained data.
- a condensing lens (lens mechanism 13) may be provided in the light shielding container 1, and the control device 5 may include a mechanism for controlling the focal position of the condensing lens.
- the light shielding container 1 may include a mirror mechanism 12 that guides and irradiates the light from the excitation light source 8 incident through the light introduction hole 1a to the measurement location.
- the control device 5 may include a mechanism that can control the position and angle of the mirror mechanism 12.
- the detector 9 can also be equipped with a spectroscope to measure the fluorescence intensity at a specific wavelength by dispersing light.
- the wavelength that can be used by the spectroscope is not particularly limited, but it is obvious that fluorescence emits a wavelength of energy lower than that of excitation light.
- FIG. 4 shows the result of confirming the position of the vascular tissue and measuring two AGEs from the blood vessel and the skin of the wrist where the blood vessel does not exist, using the blood vessel state monitoring apparatus.
- the presence position of the blood vessel was confirmed by visual observation without using the blood vessel detection device 4, and the measurement position of the blood vessel without branching and the skin of the wrist without the blood vessel was determined.
- a blood vessel without a branch is a thick blood vessel, so that the blood vessel position can be easily confirmed visually.
- the optical fiber 7 was brought into contact with the determined measurement position, and excitation light was irradiated by the excitation light source 8 of AGEs.
- the detected results were analyzed and data processed using the control device 5.
- the analysis result was displayed as a fluorescence spectrum on the monitor 10 as shown in FIG.
- the fluorescence intensity in the skin of the wrist without blood vessels is about 2600 a. u.
- the fluorescence intensity in unbranched blood vessels is about 3000 a. u.
- the fluorescence intensity was found to be higher in blood vessels than in skin without blood vessels.
- the detection value of AGEs may be small depending on the analysis location, and reliable data may not be obtained. It is easier to detect AGEs, and it is possible to grasp an accurate data transition.
- the control device 5 irradiates the fingertip (fingertip) of the hand with the blood vessel visualization light source 3, and the blood vessel image obtained by the blood vessel detection device 4 that captures the blood vessel state of the fingertip (fingertip) of the hand is displayed on the monitor 10. indicate.
- the user identified the place where the excitation light was irradiated while confirming the image, and moved the optical fiber 7.
- the excitation light source 8 a 365 nm LED was used, and an incident / reflection coaxial optical fiber probe of 1800 ⁇ m ⁇ was used, and an excitation light source 8 coupled to the optical fiber 7 through an SMA connector was used.
- the fiber probe was moved to the analysis position using a manipulator, and the analysis light was irradiated with excitation light from the excitation light source 8 through the optical fiber 7.
- Fluorescence was sent to the detector 9 through a reflective coaxial optical fiber, and the fluorescence spectrum from the blood vessel of the fingertip (fingertip) of the hand was detected.
- the work of irradiating the measurement place with the excitation light and the work of detecting the fluorescence can be performed at a time while the position of the optical fiber 7 is fixed.
- a method of irradiating the excitation light to the measurement position a method of condensing the excitation light using an LED with a lens or an ultraviolet condenser lens and irradiating it by controlling the focal position may be used.
- the blood vessel branch position the wrist does not have blood vessels (the wrist blood vessel unconfirmed position), and the palm (the blood vessel unconfirmed position).
- the fluorescence spectrum by AGEs was measured.
- Fig. 5 shows the measurement results.
- the horizontal axis indicates the fluorescence wavelength (nm)
- the vertical axis indicates the fluorescence intensity (au).
- the fluorescence intensity per wavelength of 460 nm is 10,000 a. u.
- the portion where the blood vessel is branched about 9,000 a. u. A remarkable fluorescence spectrum was obtained.
- a reference fluorescent substance may be provided in the apparatus.
- a reference fluorescent substance sodium fluorescein or the like can be used.
- Fluorescein sodium has a fluorescence wavelength of about 510 nm with respect to 365 nm excitation light irradiation. It is also possible to standardize the fluorescence spectrum using a dilute aqueous solution of about several percent of fluorescein sodium as a standard. Moreover, it is good also as a standard solid as it is, even if it is not set as dilution aqueous solution. Whether the fluorescence is stronger or weaker than the reference fluorescent substance can be used as a measure of the measurement result.
- AGEs are particularly likely to accumulate at the fingertip (fingertip) of the hand and the portion where the blood vessel is branched (wrist blood vessel branching position). That is, it is possible to obtain more accurate and accurate data by determining a position where AGEs easily accumulate as a measurement position.
- a vascular condition monitoring device can be provided.
- FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the wavelength and absorbance of oxidized hemoglobin and reduced hemoglobin.
- the horizontal axis represents wavelength (nm), and the vertical axis represents absorbance (au).
- the absorbance of reduced hemoglobin is high on the short wavelength side
- the absorbance of oxyhemoglobin is high on the long wavelength side with 805 nm as a boundary.
- a blood vessel (artery) containing more oxyhemoglobin is more mediated by a blood vessel detection device 4 than a blood vessel (vein) containing less oxyhemoglobin. Is clearly displayed on the monitor 10 and can be confirmed. Thereafter, when light having a wavelength shorter than 805 nm is irradiated, a blood vessel containing a large amount of oxyhemoglobin, that is, a blood vessel (artery) having a small amount of deoxyhemoglobin, which has been clearly seen until then becomes unclear, whereas deoxyhemoglobin is unclear. A blood vessel containing a large amount of blood, that is, a blood vessel (vein) having little oxygenated hemoglobin becomes clear.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the difference in absorbance for each wavelength in each of oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin. In the vicinity of a wavelength of 660 nm, the absorbance of reduced hemoglobin increases, the absorbance of reduced hemoglobin decreases, and the difference is remarkable.
- a light source in the near-infrared region around 940 nm for detecting oxyhemoglobin and a light source in the red region around 660 nm for detecting reduced hemoglobin and using these two wavelengths at the same irradiation location
- the blood vessel images can be quickly compared, and the arteries and veins can be identified.
- a Multi-Wavelength LED KED694M31D manufactured by Kyosemi Corporation may be considered.
- the blood vessel detection device 4 is a 1/3 CMOS (effective pixel number 1600 ⁇ 1200) manufactured by Shimadzu Rika Co., Ltd., and a 10 ⁇ magnification lens is connected in front of the CMOS.
- the vascular condition monitoring device of the present invention it is possible to detect AGEs non-invasively from blood vessels, obtain highly reliable data highly correlated with vascular endothelial function, and improve vascular health.
- anyone can easily monitor the status on a daily basis.
- a control device such as a personal computer and graphing it, it is possible to easily grasp the daily health status.
- diagnostic data for medical institutions based on data Can also be used. As a result, a role as a motivation for dealing with or dealing with cardiovascular dysfunction such as diabetes and arteriosclerosis can be greatly expected.
- the present invention can also be expressed as follows.
- the blood vessel state monitoring apparatus of the present invention is characterized in that the fluorescence from the blood vessel tissue excited by the excitation light source is fluorescence derived from late products of Maillard reaction (AGEs).
- AGEs Maillard reaction
- the blood vessel state monitoring apparatus of the present invention is characterized in that the fluorescence from the blood vessel tissue excited by the excitation light source is emitted from a specific position of the blood vessel.
- the blood vessel state monitoring apparatus includes an optical fiber cable that coaxially transmits and receives light emitted from an excitation light source that excites the state of the blood vessel tissue of the living body and fluorescence from the blood vessel tissue excited by the excitation light source. It is characterized by using.
- the work of irradiating the measurement site with the excitation light and the work of detecting fluorescence can be performed at a time while the position of the optical fiber cable is fixed.
- the blood vessel state monitoring device of the present invention is further characterized by further comprising blood vessel visualization means for specifying the position of the blood vessel tissue.
- the blood vessel visualization means irradiates the measurement target portion, so that the blood vessel in the measurement target portion is clearly visible. become. Thereby, the user can visually check the blood vessel position, confirm the position to be measured, and then contact the tip of the optical fiber cable at that position.
- the tip of the cable can be more reliably applied to the blood vessel position when the blood vessel is a measurement target.
- measurement at the blood vessel position can be performed more accurately without selecting the thickness of the blood vessel or the depth from the skin surface.
- the blood vessel state monitoring apparatus includes a mechanical positioning unit (manipulator) for specifying an analysis site based on a blood vessel image visualized by the blood vessel visualization unit and irradiating the specified analysis site with excitation light. It is further provided with the feature.
- the manipulator can mechanically specify the position (measurement position) of the measurement target to which the tip of the optical fiber cable is applied, it is possible to prevent the measurement position from being varied at each measurement opportunity.
- the blood vessel state monitoring device of the present invention includes a lens mechanism or a mirror mechanism for specifying an analysis location based on a blood vessel image visualized by the blood vessel visualization means and irradiating the specified analysis location with excitation light. It is characterized by that.
- the control device 5 in the blood vessel state monitoring device performs image processing on the blood vessel image visualized by the blood vessel visualization means (the blood vessel image detection device 4 captured the blood vessel tissue irradiated by the blood vessel visualization light source 3).
- the blood vessel shape and the blood vessel position are specified.
- the tip position of the fiber from which the excitation light is emitted or the irradiation range where the excitation light is efficiently condensed and guided are specified.
- the control device 5 determines that the irradiation range of the excitation light emitted from the optical fiber is shifted from the above-described specified blood vessel position by image processing, the blood vessel enters the irradiation range.
- the position, inclination, and the like of the lens mechanism that collects the excitation light and / or the mirror mechanism 12 that guides the excitation light are controlled.
- the blood vessel state monitoring apparatus of the present invention is characterized in that the blood vessel visualization means includes a near infrared light source for detecting oxyhemoglobin and a red light source for detecting reduced hemoglobin.
- the blood vessel state monitoring device of the present invention is characterized in that the blood vessel visualization means is included in a light shielding container.
- the light shielding container can block the environmental light other than the excitation light emitted to the measurement target site, it is possible to efficiently obtain the fluorescence emitted from the measurement target site.
- the blood vessel state monitoring apparatus of the present invention is characterized in that fluorescence from the blood vessel tissue excited by the excitation light source is used as an index of the health state of the living body.
- the blood vessel state monitoring device holds, in advance, correlation information between the fluorescence feature amount obtained from the blood vessel tissue and the indicator of the health state of the living body as a form such as a correspondence table or a function. Then, based on the obtained fluorescence, the health state (result) of the living body is derived using the stored correlation information.
- the control device 5 of the blood vessel state monitoring device By analyzing fluorescence, it is possible to derive the aging degree of blood vessels in the living body.
- control device 5 can hold correlation information indicating that the health condition is deteriorated when the fluorescence intensity is strong, and the health condition is good when the fluorescence intensity is weak.
- the control device 5 periodically (for example, once a day) measures the fluorescence intensity of the same living body under the same conditions, and determines improvement or deterioration of the health condition based on the relative change in the fluorescence intensity. May be. For example, when the change in the fluorescence intensity becomes about 1.5 times or more a week ago, it is determined that the health condition is deteriorated, and a message that prompts improvement of the health condition is output to the monitor 10. It becomes possible.
- the blood vessel state monitoring apparatus of the present invention is characterized in that fluorescence data from the blood vessel tissue excited by the excitation light source is databased and used for health management.
- the blood vessel state monitoring method of the present invention includes a step of exciting a state of a living blood vessel tissue and a step of detecting fluorescence from the excited blood vessel tissue.
- AGEs can be detected noninvasively from blood vessels, and highly reliable data with high correlation with vascular endothelial function can be obtained. It becomes possible to perform daily monitoring easily.
- a control device such as a personal computer and graphing it, it is possible to easily grasp the daily health status.
- diagnostic data for medical institutions based on data Can also be used. As a result, a role as a motivation for dealing with or dealing with cardiovascular dysfunction such as diabetes and arteriosclerosis can be greatly expected.
- the blood vessel state monitoring device of the present invention can be applied to health equipment, medical equipment, skin diagnostic monitors, game equipment, and the like.
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Abstract
Description
図1は本発明の血管状態モニタリング装置の構成図である。遮光容器1上に遮光カバー2が立設され、遮光カバー2の上部に血管可視化光源3が配置され、その上部にレンズ6、血管検出装置4が配置されている。レンズ6の筒型の筐体内部と遮光カバー2の上面凸部にはピッチが設けられており、一体形成されるようになっている。遮光容器1の一部に穴が開けてあり、その穴に遮光容器1の外側から光ファイバ7が挿入され、光ファイバ7の先端(遮光容器1の外側)に励起用光源8が取り付けられている。検出器9は蛍光を検出するものである。光ファイバ7は、励起光源8からファイバ先端へ励起光を出射する出射用ファイバと、ファイバ先端から検出器9へと蛍光を入射する入射用ファイバとの2種類が同軸に設けられ、遮光容器1の上面を貫通するあたりで二股に分かれている。
図4は、血管状態モニタリング装置を用いて、血管組織の位置を確認し、血管、及び血管の存在しない手首の皮膚からの2箇所のAGEs測定を行った結果である。ここでは血管検出装置4を使用せず、目視によって、血管の存在位置を確認し、分岐のない血管及び血管の存在しない手首の皮膚の測定位置を決定した。分岐のない血管は毛細血管と違い、太い血管なので、目視にて容易に血管位置を確認することができる。決定した測定位置に対し、光ファイバ7を接触させ、AGEsの励起用光源8にて励起光を照射した。
さらに、血管でAGEsの蛍光測定について詳細に検討を行った。以下にその手順を示す。手の指先(指尖)、手首の血管のうち血管が分岐している部分(手首血管分岐位置)、手首で血管の存在しない部分(手首血管未確認位置)、手のひら(血管未確認位置)のそれぞれの箇所からのAGEsによる蛍光スペクトルを測定した。細かい血管の測定を行うため、本実施例では、血管の検出を血管可視化光源3、血管検出装置4を用いて行った。
血管を可視化する手段として、酸素と結合したオキシヘモグロビン(酸化ヘモグロビン)、酸素と結合していないデオキシヘモグロビン(還元ヘモグロビン)の赤色ないし赤外領域での吸光度の違いを利用し、血管の種類(静脈か動脈か)を特定して、AGEsを測定することも可能である。
2 遮光カバー
3 血管可視化光源(血管可視化手段)
4 血管検出装置(血管可視化手段)
5 制御装置(検出部)
6 レンズ
7 光ファイバ(光ファイバケーブル)
8 励起用光源(励起光源)
9 検出器(分光器、検出部)
10 モニター
11 機械的位置決め機構(マニピュレーター、機械的位置決め手段)
12 ミラー(ミラー機構)
13 集光レンズ(レンズ機構)
31 光源
32 基板
33 ワッシャー
34 ビス
Claims (12)
- 生体の血管組織の状態を励起させる励起光源と、前記励起光源で励起された前記血管組織からの蛍光を検出する検出部を備えることを特徴とする血管状態モニタリング装置。
- 前記励起光源で励起された前記血管組織からの蛍光は、メイラード反応後期生成物(AGEs)由来の蛍光であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の血管状態モニタリング装置。
- 前記励起光源で励起された前記血管組織からの蛍光は血管の特定位置から発せられることを特徴とする請求項1、または2に記載の血管状態モニタリング装置。
- 前記生体の血管組織の状態を励起させる励起光源から照射される光と、前記励起光源で励起された前記血管組織からの蛍光を同軸で導光する光ファイバケーブルを用いることを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の血管状態モニタリング装置。
- 前記血管組織の位置を特定するための血管可視化手段をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の血管状態モニタリング装置。
- 前記血管可視化手段によって可視化された血管画像を元に分析箇所を特定し、前記特定された分析箇所に励起光を照射するための機械的位置決め手段をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の血管状態モニタリング装置。
- 前記血管可視化手段によって可視化された血管画像を元に分析箇所を特定し、前記特定された分析箇所に励起光を照射するためのレンズ、もしくはミラーを備えることを特徴とする請求項5または6に記載の血管状態モニタリング装置。
- 前記血管可視化手段は、酸化ヘモグロビンを検出するための近赤外領域の光源と、還元ヘモグロビンを検出するための赤色領域の光源を備えることを特徴とする請求項5から7のいずれかに記載の血管状態モニタリング装置。
- 前記血管可視化手段は、遮光容器に含まれていることを特徴とする請求項5から8に記載の血管状態モニタリング装置。
- 前記励起光源で励起された前記血管組織からの蛍光を前記生体の指標とすることを特徴とする請求項1から9に記載の血管状態モニタリング装置。
- 前記励起光源で励起された前記血管組織からの蛍光のデータをデータベース化することを特徴とする請求項10に記載の血管状態モニタリング装置。
- 生体の血管組織の状態を励起させるステップと、前記励起された前記血管組織からの蛍光を検出するステップとを備えることを特徴とする血管状態モニタリング方法。
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US20120190945A1 (en) | 2012-07-26 |
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