WO2011027840A1 - アゾ顔料を含む顔料分散体、及び、これを用いたインクジェット記録用水性インク - Google Patents
アゾ顔料を含む顔料分散体、及び、これを用いたインクジェット記録用水性インク Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011027840A1 WO2011027840A1 PCT/JP2010/065071 JP2010065071W WO2011027840A1 WO 2011027840 A1 WO2011027840 A1 WO 2011027840A1 JP 2010065071 W JP2010065071 W JP 2010065071W WO 2011027840 A1 WO2011027840 A1 WO 2011027840A1
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- pigment dispersion
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- 0 *C(c(c(*)n[n]1*)c1N=Nc1c(N(*)*I)[n](*)nc1I*)=O Chemical compound *C(c(c(*)n[n]1*)c1N=Nc1c(N(*)*I)[n](*)nc1I*)=O 0.000 description 9
- YERMRPRXDMJGFD-VHEBQXMUSA-N Cc(c(/N=N/c([s]nc1)c1C(N)=O)c1N)n[n]1-c1ncccn1 Chemical compound Cc(c(/N=N/c([s]nc1)c1C(N)=O)c1N)n[n]1-c1ncccn1 YERMRPRXDMJGFD-VHEBQXMUSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B29/00—Monoazo dyes prepared by diazotising and coupling
- C09B29/0025—Monoazo dyes prepared by diazotising and coupling from diazotized amino heterocyclic compounds
- C09B29/0029—Monoazo dyes prepared by diazotising and coupling from diazotized amino heterocyclic compounds the heterocyclic ring containing only nitrogen as heteroatom
- C09B29/0037—Monoazo dyes prepared by diazotising and coupling from diazotized amino heterocyclic compounds the heterocyclic ring containing only nitrogen as heteroatom containing a five-membered heterocyclic ring with two nitrogen atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/30—Inkjet printing inks
- C09D11/32—Inkjet printing inks characterised by colouring agents
- C09D11/324—Inkjet printing inks characterised by colouring agents containing carbon black
- C09D11/326—Inkjet printing inks characterised by colouring agents containing carbon black characterised by the pigment dispersant
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B29/00—Monoazo dyes prepared by diazotising and coupling
- C09B29/34—Monoazo dyes prepared by diazotising and coupling from other coupling components
- C09B29/36—Monoazo dyes prepared by diazotising and coupling from other coupling components from heterocyclic compounds
- C09B29/3604—Monoazo dyes prepared by diazotising and coupling from other coupling components from heterocyclic compounds containing only a nitrogen as heteroatom
- C09B29/3647—Monoazo dyes prepared by diazotising and coupling from other coupling components from heterocyclic compounds containing only a nitrogen as heteroatom containing a five-membered ring with two nitrogen atoms as heteroatoms
- C09B29/3652—Monoazo dyes prepared by diazotising and coupling from other coupling components from heterocyclic compounds containing only a nitrogen as heteroatom containing a five-membered ring with two nitrogen atoms as heteroatoms containing a 1,2-diazoles or hydrogenated 1,2-diazoles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B33/00—Disazo and polyazo dyes of the types A->K<-B, A->B->K<-C, or the like, prepared by diazotising and coupling
- C09B33/02—Disazo dyes
- C09B33/12—Disazo dyes in which the coupling component is a heterocyclic compound
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B33/00—Disazo and polyazo dyes of the types A->K<-B, A->B->K<-C, or the like, prepared by diazotising and coupling
- C09B33/18—Trisazo or higher polyazo dyes
- C09B33/24—Trisazo dyes of the type
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B67/00—Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing properties of dyestuffs without chemical reactions, e.g. by treating with solvents grinding or grinding assistants, coating of pigments or dyes; Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
- C09B67/0071—Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dehydrating agents; Dispersing agents; Dustfree compositions
- C09B67/0084—Dispersions of dyes
- C09B67/0085—Non common dispersing agents
- C09B67/009—Non common dispersing agents polymeric dispersing agent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/30—Inkjet printing inks
- C09D11/32—Inkjet printing inks characterised by colouring agents
- C09D11/328—Inkjet printing inks characterised by colouring agents characterised by dyes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
- B41M5/0023—Digital printing methods characterised by the inks used
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an inkjet recording comprising a uniform pigment dispersion that does not affect the particle size of the dispersion in the pigment dispersion even when exposed to high temperature conditions, and a novel azo pigment that realizes image quality without density unevenness and unevenness.
- the present invention relates to a water-based ink.
- inkjet recording media Various media have been used as inkjet recording media, and high-quality image quality is required not only for inkjet dedicated paper but also for printing media such as commercially available plain paper, high-quality paper, coated paper, and art paper.
- a pigment is preferable as an ink coloring material that provides fastness such as water resistance and light resistance on plain paper and printing media, and various studies have been made on water-based pigment inks from the viewpoint of cost.
- azo pigments are preferably used as yellow pigments for inkjet recording.
- streaks and unevenness occur when ink that has been aged for a long time or at a high temperature is printed on image receiving paper.
- an ink-jet recording water dispersion having an aqueous pigment dispersion containing a pigment and an anionic group-containing organic polymer compound is disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 1).
- C.I. I. Pigment Yellow 74 also referred to as “PY-74” in this specification
- co-polymerization of n-butyl methacrylate, n-butyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid and styrene as dispersants It is said that dispersibility, dispersion stability and a clear image can be formed by using the coalescence.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a pigment dispersion for inkjet ink comprising a polymer obtained by polymerizing cyclohexyl acrylate and / or benzyl acrylate, methacrylic acid, and acrylic acid, a pigment, and an aqueous medium. It is described that the ink-jet ink using this is excellent in stability and dispersibility. It is stated that the stability and dispersibility of the ink are improved in the ink for ink jet recording prepared with the polymer containing the anionic group-containing polymer compound.
- the water-based ink for ink-jet recording constituted using the pigment aqueous dispersion described in Patent Document 1 is not satisfactory in terms of density unevenness and uneven stripes when used after long-term storage or after aging at high temperatures. found. Even when the polymer composition of Patent Document 2 is used, C.I. I. It has been found that the particle diameter of a pigment dispersion made of a commercially available pigment such as CI Pigment Yellow 74 increases when the ink is heated, and causes uneven color in printing after heating.
- the problem of the present invention is that the particle size of the pigment dispersion does not change even after being stored for a long time or after being exposed to a high temperature, the occurrence of streaks and unevenness is suppressed, and a uniform printed image is obtained.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a pigment dispersion capable of producing a water-based ink for ink-jet recording excellent in light fastness, and a water-based ink for ink-jet recording using the same.
- the inventors of the present invention can form colored particles using an azo pigment having a carbonyl group capable of forming an intramolecular hydrogen bond and a vinyl polymer having a specific structure, so that after storage for a long time or at a high temperature. It has been found that even after exposure, a water-based ink for ink jet recording can be obtained in which the particle size of the pigment dispersion does not change and the occurrence of streaks and unevenness can be suppressed. That is, the object of the present invention is achieved by the following means.
- a vinyl polymer comprising a structural unit (a) having an aromatic alicyclic group and a structural unit (b) having a hydrophilic group.
- Q represents a nonmetallic atomic group necessary for forming a 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic ring with a carbon atom
- W represents an alkoxy group, an amino group, an alkyl group, or an aryl group
- X 1 and X 2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an acyl group, an alkylsulfonyl group or an arylsulfonyl group
- R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent
- R 2 represents a heterocyclic group
- n represents Represents an integer of 1 to 4.
- R 1 represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or a halogen atom
- L 1 represents —COO—, —OCO—, —CONR 2 —, —O—, or substituted or unsubstituted phenylene
- R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group
- L 2 represents a single bond or a divalent linking group
- Cyc 1 represents a monovalent non-aromatic alicyclic group.
- the structural unit (a) includes one or more selected from structural units derived from cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate in a total amount of 5% by mass to less than 93% by mass with respect to the total mass of the vinyl polymer, and the structural unit (b 1), wherein 1) or more selected from structural units derived from acrylic acid or methacrylic acid is contained in an amount of 3% by weight to less than 41% by weight based on the total weight of the vinyl polymer.
- Y in the general formula (3) represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent
- G represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aralkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group or a heterocyclic group
- X 1 , X 2 , R 1 , R 2 and n have the same meanings as W, X 1 , X 2 , R 1 , R 2 and n in the general formula (1).
- Z represents an atomic group necessary for constituting a 5- to 8-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring
- Y 1 , Y 2 , R 11 , and R 12 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a substituent
- G 1 and G 2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aralkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group or a heterocyclic group
- W 1 and W 2 each independently represent an alkoxy group, Represents an amino group, an alkyl group or an aryl group.
- W, W 1 and W 2 are each independently an alkoxy group having 3 or less carbon atoms, an amino group, or an alkylamino group having 3 or less total carbon atoms, The pigment dispersion described.
- a water-based ink for ink-jet recording comprising the pigment dispersion according to any one of 17.1 to 16 and a water-soluble medium.
- the particle size of the pigment dispersion does not change even after storage for a long time or after exposure to high temperature, the occurrence of streaks and unevenness is suppressed, and a uniform printed image is obtained.
- a pigment dispersion capable of producing a water-based ink for ink jet recording excellent in light fastness, and a water-based ink for ink jet recording using the same can be provided.
- the pigment dispersion of the present invention includes a dispersion of vinyl polymer particles containing A and B.
- A An azo pigment represented by the following general formula (1), a tautomer thereof, a salt thereof, a hydrate thereof or a solvate thereof B: non-bonded to the polymer main chain via a linking group
- Vinyl polymer comprising a structural unit (a) having an aromatic alicyclic group and a structural unit (b) having a hydrophilic group
- Q represents a nonmetallic atomic group necessary for forming a 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic ring with a carbon atom
- W represents an alkoxy group, an amino group, an alkyl group, or an aryl group
- X 1 and X 2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an acyl group, an alkylsulfonyl group or an arylsulfonyl group
- R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent
- R 2 represents a heterocyclic group
- n represents Represents an integer of 1 to 4.
- ⁇ Structural unit (a) having non-aromatic alicyclic group bonded to main chain through linking group As the non-aromatic alicyclic compound in the structural unit (a) having a non-aromatic alicyclic compound bonded to the main chain via a linking group (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “structural unit (a)”)
- a non-aromatic alicyclic hydrocarbon group or a non-aromatic heterocyclic group is exemplified, and a non-aromatic alicyclic hydrocarbon group or ring having 5 to 15 carbon atoms forming the ring is formed.
- Preferred is a non-aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms. Among them, a non-aromatic alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 5 to 15 carbon atoms forming a ring is more preferable.
- the non-aromatic alicyclic hydrocarbon group may have a substituent, and specific examples include cyclopentane, methylcyclopentane, cyclohexane, cyclohexanol, chlorocyclohexane, t-amylcyclohexane, dicyclohexylmethane. , A group obtained by removing a hydrogen atom from cycloheptane, cyclooctane, cyclooctanol, cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone or cyclohexanecarboxylaldehyde.
- the non-aromatic alicyclic hydrocarbon group also includes a structure in which two or more carbon atoms forming the ring are bridged with alkylene, such as norbornene, 3-methyl-2-norbornenemethanol, decahydro Examples include structures derived from naphthalene, perhydrofluorene, tricyclodecane, adamantane, 1-adananylmethylketone, 1,3-cyclopentanedione, 2-decalon and norcamphor.
- the group that forms a ring is more preferably an alicyclic group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms, further preferably an alicyclic group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, and most preferably an alicyclic group having 5 or 6 carbon atoms.
- the non-aromatic heterocyclic group may have a substituent.
- the heterocyclic ring of the non-aromatic heterocyclic group includes alicyclic ether, sugar, alicyclic thioether, alicyclic amine, alicyclic amide, alicyclic ester, alicyclic thioester, alicyclic thioamide, Alicyclic heterocycles containing multiple heteroatoms are included.
- Specific examples of alicyclic ethers include tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, tetrahydro-4H-pyran-4-ol, 2-methyl-1,3-dioxolane, dioxane, 2- (hydroxymethyl) -12-crown-4. It is done.
- saccharides having hydroxyl groups substituted on alicyclic ethers include erythrose, threose, ribose, lyxose, xylose, arabinose, allose, talose, gulose, glucose, altrose, mannose, galactose, idose, fructose, erythrulose, xylulose, ribulose, psicose, fructose, sorbose, tagatose Erythritol, arabitol, xylitol, ribitol, sorbitol, mannitol, galactitol and the like.
- alicyclic thioether examples include tetrahydrothiophene, pentamethylene sulfide, tetramethylene sulfide, tetramethylene sulfone, glycol sulfite and the like.
- alicyclic amines include pyrrolidine, 3-pyrrolidinol, 1-aminopyrrolidine, piperidine, 2-methylpiperidine, 1-amino-2,6-dimethylpiperidine, decahydroquinoline, quinoclidine, pipecolic acid, nipipecotic acid, i -Nipecotic acid, 1-acetylpiperazine, proline and the like.
- alicyclic amides examples include 2-imidazolidone, tetrahydro-2-pyrimidone, hydantoin, 2,4-thiazolidinedione, paravanic acid, cycloserine, barbituric acid, 2,4-dioxohexahydro-1,3,5 Triazine, 2-pyrrolidinone, ⁇ -valerolactam, ⁇ -caprolactam, 4-azatricyclo [4.3.1.1 (3,8)]-undecan-5-o, 2-oxazolidone, succinimide, anhydrous glycine, glutar
- Examples include imide, ⁇ , ⁇ -methylethylglutarimide, and the like.
- Examples of the alicyclic ester include ⁇ caprolactam, delta-valerolactone, mevalonic lactone, ⁇ -hydroxy- ⁇ -butyrolactone and tetronic acid.
- Examples of the alicyclic thioester include ⁇ -thiobutyrolactone and thiotetronic acid.
- Specific examples of the alicyclic thioamide include ⁇ -thiocaprolactam, rhodanine, 2-thiohydantoin, and 3-aminorhodanine.
- Examples of alicyclic heterocycles containing a plurality of heteroatoms include morpholine and thiazolidine.
- heterocycles of non-aromatic heterocyclic groups alicyclic ethers, sugars, alicyclic amines, alicyclic amides, alicyclic thioamides and alicyclic heterocycles containing a plurality of heteroatoms are more preferred, Sugar, alicyclic amine, alicyclic amide, and alicyclic thioamide are more preferable, and alicyclic amide and alicyclic thioamide are most preferable.
- linking group in the structural unit (a) —COO—, —OCO—, —CONR 2 — (R 2 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, or a heterocyclic group), —O—, alkylene A group or a substituted or unsubstituted phenylene group and a combination thereof.
- Examples of the main chain in the structural unit (a) include a vinyl bond, an ester bond, and a urethane bond, and a vinyl bond is preferable.
- the structural unit (a) having a non-aromatic alicyclic group bonded to the main chain of the vinyl polymer via a linking group preferably includes the structural unit (a1) represented by the general formula (I).
- the structural unit (a) may further have a structural unit (a2) derived from an alkyl ester of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid.
- structural unit (a1) represented by general formula (I) The content of the structural unit (a1) represented by the general formula (I) (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “structural unit (a1)”) is the viewpoint of pigment dispersion stability, ejection stability, and detergency. From the total mass of the vinyl polymer, it is preferably 5% by mass or more and less than 93% by mass, more preferably 5% by mass or more and less than 90% by mass, and more preferably 10% by mass or more and less than 80% by mass. Is particularly preferred.
- R 1 represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or a halogen atom
- L 1 represents —COO—, —OCO—, —CONR 2 —, —O—, or a substituted or unsubstituted phenylene group
- R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group.
- L 2 represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- Cyc 1 represents a monovalent non-aromatic alicyclic group.
- R 1 represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or a halogen atom, more preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and still more preferably a methyl group.
- the alkyl group represented by R 2 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an i-propyl group, and a t-butyl group.
- examples of the substituent include, but are not limited to, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a hydroxyl group, and a cyano group.
- L 1 represents —COO—, —OCO—, —CONR 2 —, —O—, or a substituted or unsubstituted phenylene group, preferably —COO—, —OCO—, or CONR 2 —, —COO—, Alternatively, CONR 2 -is more preferable, and -COO- is more preferable.
- L 2 is a divalent linking group, it is preferably a linking group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, more preferably a linking group having 1 to 25 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably a linking group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. It is.
- non-aromatic alicyclic group in Cyc 1 are the same as the specific examples and preferred examples of the non-aromatic alicyclic group described above.
- the structural unit (a1) represented by the general formula (I) is preferably at least one selected from structural units derived from acrylate and (meth) acrylate. If it is at least one selected from structural units derived from acrylate and (meth) acrylate, a non-aromatic alicyclic compound can be bonded via an ester bond from the main chain, A non-aromatic alicyclic group that can be expected to interact can have a three-dimensional structure with a degree of freedom from the main chain.
- the structural unit (a1) represented by the general formula (I) includes a monovalent group of a non-aromatic alicyclic hydrocarbon group or a non-aromatic heterocyclic group as the non-aromatic alicyclic group. It is preferable.
- the bulk of the group can keep the vinyl polymer rigid. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the vinyl polymer itself from interacting and forming a string shape, that is, the original effect, that is, the effect that the hydrophobic portion of the polymer interacts with the pigment surface, and the hydrophilic portion of the polymer interacts with the liquid medium. It is because can be demonstrated.
- the non-aromatic alicyclic hydrocarbon group has 5 to 10 carbon atoms forming the ring. Of these, more preferred are alicyclic groups of 5 to 8, more preferred are alicyclic groups of 5 or 6 and even more preferred are alicyclic group compounds having 6 carbon atoms. Most preferred is a cyclohexyl group.
- the pigment dispersion of the present invention preferably contains, as the structural unit (a), a structural unit having a cyclohexyl group in a total amount of 5% by mass or more and less than 93% by mass with respect to the total mass of the vinyl polymer. More preferably, it is contained in an amount of less than 90% by mass, particularly preferably in an amount of 10% by mass or more and less than 80% by mass.
- the structural unit (a) may contain a structural unit (a2) derived from an alkyl ester of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid.
- the alkyl ester preferably has 1 to 18 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 8, more preferably 1 to 4, and particularly preferably 1 to 2.
- the content of the structural unit (a2) is preferably 5% by mass or more and less than 95% by mass in the vinyl polymer, more preferably 10% by mass or more and less than 90% by mass, and still more preferably 15% by mass or more and 86% by mass. %.
- the structural unit (a2) include methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, (i-) propyl (meth) acrylate, (i- or t-) butyl (meth) acrylate, dodecyl (meth) (Meth) acrylates such as acrylate and stearyl (meth) acrylate are exemplified. Of these, methyl (meth) acrylate and ethyl (meth) acrylate are preferred.
- ⁇ Structural unit (b)> The structural unit (b) having a hydrophilic group contained in the vinyl polymer in the present invention will be described.
- Examples of the structural unit (b) include structural units derived from acrylic acid or methacrylic acid.
- the structural unit containing a nonionic hydrophilic group can be mentioned.
- Examples of the structural unit (b) include (meth) acrylates, (meth) acrylamides, and vinyl esters having a hydrophilic functional group.
- Examples of the hydrophilic functional group include a hydroxyl group, an amino group, an amide group (with a nitrogen atom unsubstituted), and an alkylene oxide polymer such as polyethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide as described later.
- (meth) acrylates (meth) acrylamides and vinyl esters having hydrophilic functional groups, hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylamide, aminoethyl acrylate, aminopropyl
- (meth) acrylates containing acrylate and alkylene oxide polymers Particularly preferred are (meth) acrylates containing acrylate and alkylene oxide polymers.
- Examples of the structural unit (b) include hydrophilic structural units having an alkylene oxide polymer structure.
- the alkylene of the alkylene oxide polymer structure preferably has 1 to 6 carbon atoms, more preferably 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably 2 to 4 carbon atoms from the viewpoint of hydrophilicity.
- the degree of polymerization of the alkylene oxide polymer structure is preferably 1 to 120, more preferably 1 to 60, and particularly preferably 1 to 30.
- Examples of the structural unit (b) include hydrophilic structural units containing a hydroxyl group.
- the number of hydroxyl groups is not particularly limited, and is preferably 1 to 4, more preferably 1 to 3, and particularly preferably 1 to 2 from the viewpoint of hydrophilicity of the vinyl polymer and compatibility with the solvent and other monomers during polymerization. preferable.
- the structural unit (b) is preferably a structure derived from acrylic acid or methacrylic acid.
- the content of the structural unit (b) is preferably 2% by mass or more and less than 50% by mass, more preferably 2% by mass or more and less than 45% by mass, and more preferably 3% by mass or more and less than 41% by mass with respect to the total mass of the vinyl polymer. Is more preferable.
- the vinyl polymer in the present invention includes the structural unit (c) (hereinafter simply referred to as “structural unit”) having a structure different from the structural unit (a1), the structural unit (a2), and the structural unit (b). (C) ”) can also be contained.
- the content of the structural unit (c) is preferably 15% by mass to 80% by mass, preferably 25% by mass to 70% by mass, and preferably 40% by mass to 60% by mass with respect to the total mass of the vinyl polymer. More preferred.
- the monomer in the case where the structural unit (c) is a hydrophobic structural unit is not particularly limited as long as it has a functional group capable of forming a polymer and a hydrophobic functional group, and any known monomers Can also be used.
- the monomer capable of forming the hydrophobic structural unit vinyl monomers and ((meth) acrylamides, styrenes, vinyl esters, etc.) are preferable from the viewpoints of availability, handleability, and versatility.
- (meth) acrylamides examples include (meth) acrylamides such as N-cyclohexyl (meth) acrylamide, N- (2-methoxyethyl) (meth) acrylamide, N, N-diallyl (meth) acrylamide, and N-allyl (meth) acrylamide. ) Acrylamides.
- Styrenes include styrene, methyl styrene, dimethyl styrene, trimethyl styrene, ethyl styrene, i-propyl styrene, n-butyl styrene, t-butyl styrene, methoxy styrene, butoxy styrene, acetoxy styrene, chlorostyrene, dichlorostyrene, bromo Examples include styrene, chloromethyl styrene, methyl vinyl benzoate, ⁇ -methyl styrene, vinyl naphthalene, and the like. Styrene and ⁇ -methyl styrene are preferable.
- vinyl esters examples include vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate, vinyl chloroacetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl butyrate, vinyl methoxyacetate, and vinyl benzoate. Among them, vinyl acetate is preferable. These can be used alone or in admixture of two or more.
- the vinyl polymer can be composed of only the structural unit (a1) and the structural unit (b).
- the structural unit (a) of the vinyl polymer is selected from structural units derived from cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, and the total amount of the vinyl polymer is one or more. 5% by mass or more and less than 93% by mass, wherein the structural unit (b) is selected from structural units derived from acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, and at least 3% by mass and 41% by mass with respect to the total mass of the vinyl polymer. What is contained in less than is more preferable.
- the vinyl polymer has substantially no structural unit having an aromatic group (specifically, the ratio of the repeating unit having an aromatic group in the vinyl polymer is preferably 15% by mass or less, more preferably It is preferably 10% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less, ideally 0% by mass, that is, no structural unit having an aromatic group.
- the acid value of the vinyl polymer of the present invention is preferably from 10 mgKOH / g to 270 mgKOH / g, more preferably from 20 mgKOH / g to less than 180 mgKOH / g, from the viewpoint of pigment dispersibility and storage stability. It is particularly preferably 30 mgKOH / g or more and 160 mgKOH / g.
- the acid value is 10 mgKOH / g or more, easy dispersibility of the pigment is maintained, and aggregation of the pigment dispersion due to long-term storage can be suppressed.
- the acid value is defined by the mass (mg) of KOH required to completely neutralize 1 g of the vinyl polymer, and can be measured by the method described in JIS standards (JIS K0070, 1992).
- the vinyl polymer in the present invention may be a random copolymer in which each structural unit is irregularly introduced, or may be a block copolymer in which the structural units are regularly introduced. These structural units may be synthesized in any order of introduction, and the same constituent components may be used twice or more. However, a random copolymer is used in terms of versatility and manufacturability. preferable.
- the molecular weight range of the vinyl polymer used in the present invention is a mass average molecular weight (Mw), preferably 5000 to 152000, more preferably 7000 to 120,000, and still more preferably 7000 to 100,000.
- Mw mass average molecular weight
- the molecular weight distribution (expressed by mass average molecular weight value / number average molecular weight value) of the vinyl polymer used in the present invention is preferably 1 to 6, and more preferably 1 to 4.
- the number average molecular weight and the mass average molecular weight are detected by a solvent THF and a differential refractometer using a GPC analyzer using columns of TSKgel GMHxL, TSKgel G4000HxL, and TSKgel G2000HxL (both trade names manufactured by Tosoh Corporation).
- the molecular weight is expressed using polystyrene as a standard substance.
- the vinyl polymer used in the present invention can be synthesized by various polymerization methods such as solution polymerization, precipitation polymerization, suspension polymerization, precipitation polymerization, bulk polymerization, and emulsion polymerization.
- the polymerization reaction can be performed by a known operation such as a batch system, a semi-continuous system, or a continuous system.
- the polymerization initiation method includes a method using a radical initiator, a method of irradiating light or radiation, and the like.
- polymerization methods and polymerization initiation methods are, for example, the revised version of Tsuruta Junji “Polymer Synthesis Method” (published by Nikkan Kogyo Shimbun, 1971), Takatsu Otsu, Masato Kinoshita, “Experimental Methods for Polymer Synthesis” It is described in pages 154 to 154 published in 1972.
- a solution polymerization method using a radical initiator is particularly preferable.
- Solvents used in the solution polymerization method are, for example, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl i-butyl ketone, cyclohexanone, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, benzene, toluene, acetonitrile , Methylene chloride, chloroform, dichloroethane, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, or a mixture of two or more organic solvents such as water, or a mixed solvent with water. .
- the polymerization temperature needs to be set in relation to the molecular weight of the polymer to be produced, the type of initiator, and the like, and is usually about 0 ° C. to 100 ° C., but the polymerization is preferably performed in the range of 50 to 100 ° C.
- the reaction pressure can be appropriately selected, but it is usually preferably 1 to 100 kg / cm 2 , particularly preferably about 1 to 30 kg / cm 2 .
- the reaction time is about 5 to 30 hours.
- the obtained resin may be subjected to purification such as reprecipitation.
- the ratio of the vinyl polymer added in the present invention is preferably in the range of 10% to 100%, more preferably 15% to 60%, based on the mass with respect to the pigment.
- the azo pigment used in the present invention is represented by the general formula (1).
- the compound represented by the general formula (1) can easily form an intermolecular interaction of dye molecules due to its specific structure, has low solubility in water or an organic solvent, and can be an azo pigment.
- a pigment is used by being finely dispersed as solid particles such as molecular aggregates in a medium, unlike a dye used by being dissolved in water or an organic solvent in a molecular dispersion state.
- Q represents a nonmetallic atomic group necessary for forming a 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic ring with a carbon atom
- W represents an alkoxy group, an amino group, an alkyl group, or an aryl group
- X 1 and X 2 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an aryl group, an acyl group, an alkylsulfonyl group or an arylsulfonyl group
- R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent
- R 2 represents a heterocyclic group
- n represents Represents an integer of 1 to 4.
- Q, W, X 1 , X 2 , R 1 , R 2 represent a monovalent group and represent a mono-type azo pigment shown in parentheses.
- Q, W, X 1 , X 2 , R 1 and R 2 represent a monovalent or divalent group. However, at least one represents a divalent group and represents a bis-type azo pigment of a dye shown in parentheses.
- Q, W, X 1 , X 2 , R 1 and R 2 represent a monovalent, divalent or trivalent group. However, at least two represent a divalent substituent, or at least one represents a trivalent group, and represents a tris-type azo pigment of a dye shown in parentheses.
- Q, W, X 1 , X 2 , R 1 and R 2 represent a monovalent, divalent or trivalent group. However, at least two represent a divalent substituent, at least one represents a trivalent group, or at least one represents a tetravalent group, and represents a tetra-type azo pigment of a dye indicated in parentheses.
- N is preferably an integer of 1 to 3, more preferably 1 or 2, and most preferably 2 among them.
- X 1 and X 2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an acyl group, an alkylsulfonyl group or an arylsulfonyl group.
- Examples of the alkyl group represented by X 1 and X 2 are each independently a linear, branched, or alicyclic substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, and include a cycloalkyl group, a bicycloalkyl group, and more ring structures. A tricyclo structure and the like are also included.
- An alkyl group (for example, an alkyl group of an alkoxy group or an alkylthio group) in a substituent described below also represents such an alkyl group.
- the alkyl group is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an i-propyl group, a t-butyl group, an n-octyl group, an eicosyl group.
- the cycloalkyl group is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 30 carbon atoms, such as a cyclohexyl group, A cyclopentyl group, 4-n-dodecylcyclohexyl group and the like.
- the bicycloalkyl group is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted bicycloalkyl group having 5 to 30 carbon atoms, that is, a bicycloalkane having 5 to 30 carbon atoms.
- Monovalent groups from which one hydrogen atom has been removed for example, bicyclo [1,2,2] heptan-2-yl group, bicycl [2,2,2] octan-3-yl group.
- Preferred examples of the acyl group represented by X 1 and X 2 include, independently, a formyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylcarbonyl group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted arylcarbonyl group having 7 to 30 carbon atoms.
- a heterocyclic carbonyl group bonded to a carbonyl group with a substituted or unsubstituted carbon atom having 2 to 30 carbon atoms such as an acetyl group, a pivaloyl group, a 2-chloroacetyl group, a stearoyl group, a benzoyl group, p- Examples include n-octyloxyphenylcarbonyl group, 2-pyridylcarbonyl group, 2-furylcarbonyl group and the like.
- alkylsulfonyl group or arylsulfonyl group represented by X 1 and X 2 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted alkylsulfonyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted arylsulfonyl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms.
- Examples thereof include a methylsulfonyl group, an ethylsulfonyl group, a phenylsulfonyl group, a p-methylphenylsulfonyl group, and the like.
- X 1 and X 2 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an acyl group, or an alkylsulfonyl group, particularly preferably a hydrogen atom, and among them, both X 1 and X 2 are particularly hydrogen atoms. Most preferred.
- W represents an alkoxy group, an amino group, an alkyl group or an aryl group.
- the alkoxy group represented by W is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms such as a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, an i-propoxy group, a t-butoxy group, and an n-octyloxy group. And 2-methoxyethoxy group.
- the amino group represented by W includes an alkylamino group, an arylamino group, and a heterocyclic amino group, preferably an amino group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylamino group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, and 6 to carbon atoms.
- 30 substituted or unsubstituted anilino groups for example, methylamino group, dimethylamino group, anilino group, N-methyl-anilino group, diphenylamino group and the like can be mentioned.
- Examples of the alkyl group represented by W include linear, branched, and alicyclic substituted or unsubstituted alkyl groups, including cycloalkyl groups, bicycloalkyl groups, and tricyclo structures having many ring structures. It is.
- An alkyl group (for example, an alkyl group of an alkoxy group or an alkylthio group) in a substituent described below also represents such an alkyl group.
- the alkyl group is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an i-propyl group, a t-butyl group, an n-octyl group, an eicosyl group.
- the cycloalkyl group is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 30 carbon atoms, such as a cyclohexyl group, A cyclopentyl group, 4-n-dodecylcyclohexyl group and the like.
- the bicycloalkyl group is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted bicycloalkyl group having 5 to 30 carbon atoms, that is, a bicycloalkane having 5 to 30 carbon atoms.
- Monovalent groups from which one hydrogen atom has been removed for example, bicyclo [1,2,2] heptan-2-yl group, bicycl [2,2,2] octan-3-yl group.
- the aryl group represented by W is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, such as a phenyl group, p-tolyl group, naphthyl group, m-chlorophenyl group, o-hexadecanoyl. An aminophenyl group etc. are mentioned.
- W is preferably an alkoxy group, an amino group or an alkyl group, more preferably an alkoxy group or an amino group, and still more preferably an alkoxy group having 5 or less carbon atoms, an amino group (—NH 2 group).
- an alkylamino group having a total carbon number of 5 or less particularly preferably an alkoxy group having a total carbon number of 3 or less or an alkylamino group having a total carbon number of 3 or less, and among them, a methoxy group is most preferable.
- W is an alkoxy group having 5 or less total carbon atoms, an amino group, or an alkylamino group having 5 or less total carbon atoms
- the dye molecule can easily form a strong interaction within and between molecules, and the molecular arrangement is more stable. It is preferable in terms of good hue and high fastness (light resistance, gas, heat, water, chemicals).
- R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent
- the substituent may be a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, 7 to 7 carbon atoms, 18 straight or branched aralkyl groups, 2 to 12 carbon straight chain or branched alkenyl groups, 2 to 12 carbon straight or branched alkynyl groups, 3 to 12 carbon straight or branched cyclo
- R 1 is a substituted or unsubstituted acylamino group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted total carbon number.
- R 2 represents a heterocyclic group, which may be further condensed.
- R 2 is preferably a 5- to 8-membered heterocyclic group, more preferably a 5- or 6-membered substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group, and particularly preferably a 6-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms. It is a cyclic group.
- heterocyclic group represented by R 2 examples include, but are not limited to, substitution positions.
- heterocyclic rings examples include pyridine ring, pyrimidine ring, S-triazine ring, pyridazine ring, pyrazine ring, 1,2,4 thiadiazole ring, 1,3,4 thiadiazole ring, imidazole ring, more preferably pyridine ring.
- Q represents a nonmetallic atomic group necessary for forming a 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic ring with a carbon atom, and the heterocyclic ring includes an aliphatic ring, an aromatic ring, or another heterocyclic ring. It may be condensed.
- Examples of the 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic ring formed by Q together with the carbon atom include thienyl, furyl, pyrrolyl, indolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, i-thiazolyl, oxazolyl, i- Examples include oxazolyl group, triazinyl group, pyridyl group, pyrazinyl group, pyridazinyl group and the like. Each heterocyclic group may further have a substituent.
- the 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic ring formed by Q together with the carbon atom is preferably a 5-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring, and particularly preferably a heterocyclic ring represented by the following general formulas (a) to (j) .
- a heterocyclic ring represented by (a), (b), (c), (e), or (j) is preferable.
- ) And (c) are preferred, and (a) is most preferred from the viewpoints of hue, tinting strength and image fastness.
- “*” represents the bonding position with the azo group in the general formula (1).
- Ra represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent
- Rb and Rc each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aralkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl Represents a group or a heterocyclic group.
- W is synonymous with W in the general formula (1), and preferred ones are also the same.
- W represents an alkoxy group (eg, methoxy group, ethoxy group, i-propoxy group, t-butoxy group), amino group (eg, —NH 2 group, methylamino group, dimethylamino group, anilino group), alkyl group ( For example, a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an i-propyl group, a t-butyl group, a cyclopropyl group) or an aryl group (for example, a phenyl group, a p-tolyl group, a naphthyl group) is preferable.
- alkoxy group eg, methoxy group, ethoxy group, i-propoxy group, t-butoxy group
- amino group eg, —NH 2 group, methylamino group, dimethylamino group, anilino group
- alkyl group For example, a methyl group, an e
- an amino group or an alkyl group is preferable, and an alkoxy group or an amino group is more preferable. More preferred are an alkoxy group having a total carbon number of 5 or less, an amino group (—NH 2 group), and an alkylamino group having a total carbon number of 5 or less.
- W is an alkoxy group having 5 or less carbon atoms, an amino group, or an alkylamino group having 5 or less carbon atoms, it is preferable in terms of good hue and high fastness (light resistance / gas / heat / water / chemical).
- an alkoxy group having 3 or less carbon atoms Particularly preferred from the viewpoint of hue, light fastness and solvent resistance are an alkoxy group having 3 or less carbon atoms, an amino group (—NH 2 group), and an alkylamino group having 3 or less carbon atoms.
- a group (—OCH 3 group), an ethoxy group (—OC 2 H 5 group), or an amino group is preferable, and a methoxy group is most preferable from the viewpoint of good hue and improved light fastness.
- Ra is preferably a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted total carbon number of 4 to 12
- a heterocyclic group more preferably a hydrogen atom, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms and / or a branched alkyl group, and particularly preferably a hydrogen atom or a linear alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- a hydrogen atom and a methyl group are preferable from the viewpoint of hue and image fastness, and among them, a hydrogen atom is most preferable from the viewpoint of good hue and improvement of light fastness.
- Rb and Rc are preferably a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group.
- a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group more preferably a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group
- an alkyl group having a total carbon number of 3 or less is preferable from the viewpoint of hue and image fastness, and a methyl group is most preferable from the viewpoint of good hue and improvement of light fastness.
- substituent J examples of the substituent in the case where Q, W, X 1 , X 2 , R 1 and R 2 further have a substituent include the following substituents (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “substituent J”). it can.
- halogen atom alkyl group, aralkyl group, alkenyl group, alkynyl group, aryl group, heterocyclic group, cyano group, hydroxyl group, nitro group, alkoxy group, aryloxy group, silyloxy group, heterocyclic oxy group, acyloxy group , Carbamoyloxy group, alkoxycarbonyloxy group, aryloxycarbonyloxy group, amino group, acylamino group, aminocarbonylamino group, alkoxycarbonylamino group, aryloxycarbonylamino group, sulfamoylamino group, alkyl or arylsulfonylamino group , Mercapto group, alkylthio group, arylthio group, heterocyclic thio group, sulfamoyl group, alkyl or arylsulfinyl group, alkyl or arylsulfonyl group, acyloxy group
- examples of the halogen atom include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom.
- alkyl group examples include linear, branched, and cyclic substituted or unsubstituted alkyl groups, and include cycloalkyl groups, bicycloalkyl groups, and tricyclo structures having many ring structures.
- An alkyl group (for example, an alkyl group of an alkoxy group or an alkylthio group) in a substituent described below also represents such an alkyl group.
- the alkyl group is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an i-propyl group, a t-butyl group, an n-octyl group, an eicosyl group.
- the cycloalkyl group is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 30 carbon atoms, such as a cyclohexyl group, A cyclopentyl group, 4-n-dodecylcyclohexyl group and the like.
- the bicycloalkyl group is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted bicycloalkyl group having 5 to 30 carbon atoms, that is, a bicycloalkane having 5 to 30 carbon atoms.
- Monovalent groups from which one hydrogen atom has been removed for example, bicyclo [1,2,2] heptan-2-yl group, bicycl [2,2,2] octan-3-yl group.
- aralkyl group examples include a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group, and the substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group is preferably an aralkyl group having 7 to 30 carbon atoms. Examples thereof include a benzyl group and a 2-phenethyl group.
- alkenyl group examples include linear, branched, and cyclic substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl groups, and include cycloalkenyl groups and bicycloalkenyl groups.
- the alkenyl group is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, such as a vinyl group, an allyl group, a prenyl group, a geranyl group, an oleyl group, and the like.
- bicycloalkenyl group a substituted or unsubstituted bicycloalkenyl group, preferably a substituted or unsubstituted bicycloalkenyl group having 5 to 30 carbon atoms, That is, a monovalent group obtained by removing one hydrogen atom of a bicycloalkene having one double bond, for example, bicyclo [2 2,1] hept-2-en-1-yl group, a bicyclo [2,2,2] oct-2-en-4-yl group and the like.
- the alkynyl group is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, such as an ethynyl group, a propargyl group, a trimethylsilylethynyl group, and the like.
- the aryl group is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, such as a phenyl group, a p-tolyl group, a naphthyl group, an m-chlorophenyl group, an o-hexadecanoylaminophenyl group, and the like. Can be mentioned.
- the heterocyclic group is preferably a monovalent group obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from a 5- or 6-membered substituted or unsubstituted aromatic or non-aromatic heterocyclic compound, and more preferably a carbon number.
- Examples thereof include 3 to 30 5- or 6-membered aromatic heterocyclic groups such as a 2-furyl group, a 2-thienyl group, a 2-pyrimidinyl group, and a 2-benzothiazolyl group.
- the alkoxy group is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, such as a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, an i-propoxy group, a t-butoxy group, an n-octyloxy group, or a 2-methoxyethoxy group. Groups and the like.
- the aryloxy group is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted aryloxy group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, such as a phenoxy group, 2-methylphenoxy group, 4-t-butylphenoxy group, 3-nitrophenoxy group, 2 -Tetradecanoylaminophenoxy group and the like.
- silyloxy group examples include substituted or unsubstituted silyloxy groups having 0 to 20 carbon atoms, such as trimethylsilyloxy group and diphenylmethylsilyloxy group.
- the heterocyclic oxy group is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic oxy group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, such as a 1-phenyltetrazol-5-oxy group and a 2-tetrahydropyranyloxy group.
- the acyloxy group is preferably a formyloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylcarbonyloxy group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted arylcarbonyloxy group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, such as an acetyloxy group, Examples include pivaloyloxy group, stearoyloxy group, benzoyloxy group, p-methoxyphenylcarbonyloxy group and the like.
- the carbamoyloxy group is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted carbamoyloxy group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, such as N, N-dimethylcarbamoyloxy group, N, N-diethylcarbamoyloxy group, morpholinocarbonyloxy group, N , N-di-n-octylaminocarbonyloxy group, Nn-octylcarbamoyloxy group and the like.
- the alkoxycarbonyloxy group is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxycarbonyloxy group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, such as a methoxycarbonyloxy group, an ethoxycarbonyloxy group, a t-butoxycarbonyloxy group, or an n-octylcarbonyloxy group. Etc.
- aryloxycarbonyloxy group a substituted or unsubstituted aryloxycarbonyloxy group having 7 to 30 carbon atoms such as phenoxycarbonyloxy group, p-methoxyphenoxycarbonyloxy group, pn-hexadecyloxy is preferable. Examples include phenoxycarbonyloxy group.
- the amino group includes an alkylamino group, an arylamino group, and a heterocyclic amino group, preferably an amino group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylamino group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms.
- the substituted anilino group include a methylamino group, a dimethylamino group, an anilino group, an N-methyl-anilino group, and a diphenylamino group.
- the acylamino group is preferably a formylamino group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylcarbonylamino group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted arylcarbonylamino group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, such as an acetylamino group, Examples include pivaloylamino group, lauroylamino group, benzoylamino group, 3,4,5-tri-n-octyloxyphenylcarbonylamino group, and the like.
- the aminocarbonylamino group is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted aminocarbonylamino group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, such as a carbamoylamino group, N, N-dimethylaminocarbonylamino group, N, N-diethylaminocarbonylamino group. And a morpholinocarbonylamino group.
- the alkoxycarbonylamino group is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxycarbonylamino group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, such as a methoxycarbonylamino group, an ethoxycarbonylamino group, a t-butoxycarbonylamino group, or an n-octadecyloxycarbonylamino group. Group, N-methyl-methoxycarbonylamino group and the like.
- the aryloxycarbonylamino group is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted aryloxycarbonylamino group having 7 to 30 carbon atoms, such as phenoxycarbonylamino group, p-chlorophenoxycarbonylamino group, mn-octyloxyphenoxy. Examples thereof include a carbonylamino group.
- the sulfamoylamino group is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted sulfamoylamino group having 0 to 30 carbon atoms, such as a sulfamoylamino group, N, N-dimethylaminosulfonylamino group, Nn- Examples include octylaminosulfonylamino group.
- the alkyl or arylsulfonylamino group is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted alkylsulfonylamino group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted arylsulfonylamino group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, such as a methylsulfonylamino group.
- the alkylthio group is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted alkylthio group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, such as a methylthio group, an ethylthio group, and an n-hexadecylthio group.
- the arylthio group is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted arylthio group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, such as a phenylthio group, a p-chlorophenylthio group, and an m-methoxyphenylthio group.
- heterocyclic thio group examples include substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic thio groups having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, such as 2-benzothiazolylthio group and 1-phenyltetrazol-5-ylthio group.
- the sulfamoyl group is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted sulfamoyl group having 0 to 30 carbon atoms, such as N-ethylsulfamoyl group, N- (3-dodecyloxypropyl) sulfamoyl group, N, N-dimethylsulfuryl group.
- Examples include a famoyl group, an N-acetylsulfamoyl group, an N-benzoylsulfamoyl group, and an N- (N′-phenylcarbamoyl) sulfamoyl group.
- the alkyl or arylsulfinyl group is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted alkylsulfinyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted arylsulfinyl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, such as a methylsulfinyl group, an ethylsulfinyl group, phenyl. Examples thereof include a sulfinyl group and a p-methylphenylsulfinyl group.
- the alkyl or arylsulfonyl group is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted alkylsulfonyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted arylsulfonyl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, such as a methylsulfonyl group, an ethylsulfonyl group, or a phenyl group. Examples thereof include a sulfonyl group and a p-methylphenylsulfonyl group.
- the acyl group is preferably a formyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylcarbonyl group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted arylcarbonyl group having 7 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms.
- Heterocyclic carbonyl groups bonded to carbonyl groups at substituted carbon atoms for example, acetyl, pivaloyl, 2-chloroacetyl, stearoyl, benzoyl, pn-octyloxyphenylcarbonyl, 2-pyridyl Examples thereof include a carbonyl group and a 2-furylcarbonyl group.
- the aryloxycarbonyl group is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted aryloxycarbonyl group having 7 to 30 carbon atoms, such as a phenoxycarbonyl group, an o-chlorophenoxycarbonyl group, an m-nitrophenoxycarbonyl group, pt- A butylphenoxycarbonyl group etc. are mentioned.
- the alkoxycarbonyl group is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, such as a methoxycarbonyl group, an ethoxycarbonyl group, a t-butoxycarbonyl group, and an n-octadecyloxycarbonyl group.
- the carbamoyl group is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted carbamoyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, such as a carbamoyl group, an N-methylcarbamoyl group, an N, N-dimethylcarbamoyl group, or an N, N-di-n-octyl group.
- a carbamoyl group, an N- (methylsulfonyl) carbamoyl group, and the like can be given.
- the aryl or heterocyclic azo group is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted arylazo group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic azo group having 3 to 30 carbon atoms, such as phenylazo, p-chlorophenylazo, 5-ethylthio-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-ylazo and the like.
- Preferred examples of the imide group include an N-succinimide group and an N-phthalimide group.
- the phosphino group is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted phosphino group having 0 to 30 carbon atoms, such as a dimethylphosphino group, a diphenylphosphino group, a methylphenoxyphosphino group, and the like.
- the phosphinyl group is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted phosphinyl group having 0 to 30 carbon atoms, such as a phosphinyl group, a dioctyloxyphosphinyl group, a diethoxyphosphinyl group, and the like.
- the phosphinyloxy group is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted phosphinyloxy group having 0 to 30 carbon atoms, such as a diphenoxyphosphinyloxy group and a dioctyloxyphosphinyloxy group.
- the phosphinylamino group is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted phosphinylamino group having 0 to 30 carbon atoms, such as a dimethoxyphosphinylamino group or a dimethylaminophosphinylamino group.
- silyl group examples include substituted or unsubstituted silyl groups having 0 to 30 carbon atoms, such as a trimethylsilyl group, a t-butyldimethylsilyl group, and a phenyldimethylsilyl group.
- substituents those having a hydrogen atom may be substituted with the above substituent.
- substituents include an alkylcarbonylaminosulfonyl group, an arylcarbonylaminosulfonyl group, an alkylsulfonylaminocarbonyl group, and an arylsulfonylaminocarbonyl group.
- substituents include a methylsulfonylaminocarbonyl group, a p-methylphenylsulfonylaminocarbonyl group, an acetylaminosulfonyl group, and a benzoylaminosulfonyl group.
- a compound in which at least one of various substituents is the above preferred group is preferred, and more various substituents are preferred. More preferred are compounds that are groups, and most preferred are compounds in which all substituents are the preferred groups.
- a particularly preferred combination as the azo pigment represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention includes the following (A) to (F).
- X 1 and X 2 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group (for example, a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an i-propyl group, a t-butyl group, a cyclopropyl group), an acyl group (for example, , A formyl group, an acetyl group, a pivaloyl group, a benzoyl group), an alkylsulfonyl group (for example, a methylsulfonyl group or an ethylsulfonyl group), and an arylsulfonyl group (for example, a phenylsulfonyl group), among which a hydrogen atom and an acetyl group are preferable.
- a methylsulfonyl group is preferable, and a hydrogen atom is particularly preferable. Among them, it is most preferable that both X 1 and X 2
- (B) W represents an alkoxy group (eg, methoxy group, ethoxy group, i-propoxy group, t-butoxy group), amino group (eg, —NH 2 group, methylamino group, dimethylamino group, anilino group),
- An alkyl group for example, methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, i-propyl group, t-butyl group, cyclopropyl group
- aryl group for example, phenyl group, p-tolyl group, naphthyl group
- an alkoxy group, an amino group or an alkyl group is preferable, and an alkoxy group or an amino group is more preferable.
- an alkoxy group having a total carbon number of 5 or less an amino group (—NH 2 group), and an alkylamino group having a total carbon number of 5 or less.
- W is an alkoxy group having 5 or less carbon atoms, an amino group, or an alkylamino group having 5 or less carbon atoms
- it is preferable in terms of good hue and high fastness light resistance / gas / heat / water / chemical.
- Particularly preferred from the viewpoint of hue, light fastness and solvent resistance are an alkoxy group having 3 or less carbon atoms, an amino group (—NH 2 group), and an alkylamino group having 3 or less carbon atoms.
- a group (—OCH 3 group) or an ethoxy group (—OC 2 H 5 group) is preferred, and a methoxy group is most preferred from the viewpoint of good hue and improved light fastness.
- R 1 is a hydrogen atom or a substituent (for example, a substituted or unsubstituted acylamino group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms in total, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms in total, substituted or unsubstituted Of the aryl group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group having 4 to 12 carbon atoms in total, more preferably a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms in total.
- a substituent for example, a substituted or unsubstituted acylamino group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms in total, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms in total, substituted or unsubstituted Of the aryl group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group having 4 to 12
- R 2 represents a heterocyclic group, which may be further condensed.
- R 2 is preferably a 5- to 8-membered heterocyclic group, more preferably a 5- or 6-membered substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group, and particularly preferably a 6-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms. It is a cyclic group.
- heterocyclic ring are pyridine ring, pyrimidine ring, S-triazine ring, pyridazine ring, pyrazine ring, 1,2,4 thiadiazole ring, 1,3,4 thiadiazole ring, imidazole ring, more preferably A pyridine ring, a pyrimidine ring, an S-triazine ring, a pyridazine ring and a pyrazine ring are preferable, and a pyrimidine ring and an S-triazine ring are particularly preferable, and among them, a pyrimidine ring is most preferable.
- (E) Q represents a 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic ring together with a carbon atom, and an aliphatic ring, an aromatic ring, or another heterocyclic ring may be condensed to the heterocyclic ring.
- Particularly preferred examples of the 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic ring formed by Q together with carbon atoms include thienyl, furyl, pyrrolyl, indolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, i-thiazolyl, oxazolyl, Examples include i-oxazolyl group, triazinyl group, pyridyl group, pyrazinyl group, pyridazinyl group and the like.
- Each heterocyclic group may further have a substituent.
- the 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic ring formed by Q together with the carbon atom is preferably a 5-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring, and particularly preferably the heterocyclic rings represented by the above general formulas (a) to (j) Most preferred.
- Preferred examples of Ra, Rb and Rc of the heterocyclic ring represented by the general formulas (a) to (j) are the same as those described above.
- the azo pigment represented by the general formula (1) is preferably an azo pigment represented by the following general formula (2).
- Examples of X 1 are the same as examples of X 1 in the general formula (1), and preferred examples are also the same.
- R 1, R 2 are the same as examples of R 1, R 2 each independently of the above general formula (1), and preferred examples are also the same.
- n is synonymous with the example of n in the said General formula (1), and its preferable example is also the same.
- a compound in which at least one of various substituents is the above-mentioned preferred group is preferred, and more various substituents are preferred. More preferred are compounds that are groups, and most preferred are compounds in which all substituents are the preferred groups.
- a particularly preferable combination as the azo pigment represented by the general formula (2) of the present invention includes the following (A) and the above (B) to (F).
- X 1 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group (for example, methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, i-propyl group, t-butyl group, cyclopropyl group), acyl group (for example, formyl group, acetyl group) , Pivaloyl group, benzoyl group), alkylsulfonyl group (for example, methylsulfonyl group or ethylsulfonyl group), and arylsulfonyl group (for example, phenylsulfonyl group) are preferable, and among them, hydrogen atom, acetyl group, and methylsulfonyl group are preferable.
- the hydrogen atom is most preferred.
- the present invention includes tautomers of the azo pigments represented by the general formulas (1) and (2).
- the general formulas (1) and (2) are shown in the form of an extreme structural formula among several tautomers that can be taken in terms of chemical structure, but are tautomers other than the described structures. Alternatively, it may be used as a mixture containing a plurality of tautomers.
- the pigment represented by the general formula (2) may be an azo-hydrazone tautomer represented by the following general formula (2 ').
- the azo pigment represented by the general formula (2) includes the compound represented by the following general formula (2 ') which is a tautomer thereof.
- the azo pigment represented by the general formula (1) is preferably an azo pigment represented by the following general formula (3).
- azo pigment represented by the general formula (3) a tautomer thereof, a salt thereof, a hydrate thereof, or a solvate thereof will be described in detail.
- Y in the general formula (3) represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent
- G represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aralkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group or a heterocyclic group
- X 1 , X 2 , R 1 , R 2 and n are the same as W, X 1 , X 2 , R 1 , R 2 and n in the general formula (1).
- Examples of X 1, X 2 are the same as each independently of X 1, X 2 in the general formula (1) in Example, and preferred examples are also the same.
- R 1, R 2 are the same as examples of R 1, R 2 each independently of the above general formula (1), and preferred examples are also the same.
- n is synonymous with the example of n in the said General formula (1), and its preferable example is also the same.
- G represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aralkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group or a heterocyclic group, and particularly preferably a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, or an n-propyl group.
- I-propyl group, t-butyl group, cyclopropyl group, benzyl group, 2-phenethyl group, vinyl group, allyl group, ethynyl group, propargyl group, phenyl group, p-tolyl group, naphthyl group, pyridyl group, pyrimidinyl Group, and a pyrazinyl group are preferable, and a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a phenyl group, a pyridyl group, a pyrimidinyl group and a pyrazinyl group are preferable.
- Group preferably an alkyl group having a total carbon number of 5 or less, and preferably an alkyl group having a total carbon number of 3 or less.
- Ri Preferably, most preferably a methyl group.
- Y represents a substituent
- Y represents a substituent
- halogen atom alkyl group, aralkyl group, alkenyl group, alkynyl group, aryl group, heterocyclic group, cyano group, hydroxyl group, nitro group, alkoxy group, aryloxy group, silyloxy Group, heterocyclic oxy group, acyloxy group, carbamoyloxy group, alkoxycarbonyloxy group, aryloxycarbonyloxy group, amino group, acylamino group, aminocarbonylamino group, alkoxycarbonylamino group, aryloxycarbonylamino group, sulfamoyl Amino group, alkyl or arylsulfonylamino group, mercapto group, alkylthio group, arylthio group, heterocyclic thio group, sulfamoyl group, alkyl or arylsulfinyl group, alkyl
- Examples of Y are particularly preferably a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group (for example, a methyl group), an aryl group (for example, a phenyl group), a heterocyclic group (for example, a 2-pyridyl group), and an alkylthio group (for example, a methylthio group). Furthermore, they are a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a phenyl group, and a methylthio group, and among them, a hydrogen atom is most preferable.
- a compound in which at least one of various substituents is the above preferred group is preferred, and more various substituents are preferred. More preferred are compounds that are groups, and most preferred are compounds in which all substituents are the preferred groups.
- a particularly preferable combination as the azo pigment represented by the general formula (3) of the present invention includes the following (A) to (G).
- X 1 and X 2 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group (for example, a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an i-propyl group, a t-butyl group, a cyclopropyl group), an acyl group (for example, , A formyl group, an acetyl group, a pivaloyl group, a benzoyl group), an alkylsulfonyl group (for example, a methylsulfonyl group or an ethylsulfonyl group), and an arylsulfonyl group (for example, a phenylsulfonyl group), among which a hydrogen atom and an acetyl group are preferable.
- an alkyl group for example, a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an i-propyl group, a
- a methylsulfonyl group is preferable, and a hydrogen atom is particularly preferable.
- at least one of X 1 and X 2 is more preferably a hydrogen atom, and most preferably both are hydrogen atoms.
- X 1 and X 2 is a hydrogen atom, as well as intermolecular interactions of the dye molecules, constitutes a pigment of a more stable molecular arrangement with it easily firmly formed intramolecular interactions It is easy to use and preferable in terms of good hue and high fastness (light resistance, gas, heat, water, chemicals).
- (B) W represents an alkoxy group (eg, methoxy group, ethoxy group, i-propoxy group, t-butoxy group), amino group (eg, —NH 2 group, methylamino group, dimethylamino group, anilino group),
- An alkyl group for example, methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, i-propyl group, t-butyl group, cyclopropyl group
- aryl group for example, phenyl group, p-tolyl group, naphthyl group
- an alkoxy group, an amino group or an alkyl group is preferable, and an alkoxy group or an amino group is more preferable.
- an alkoxy group having a total carbon number of 5 or less an amino group (—NH 2 group), and an alkylamino group having a total carbon number of 5 or less.
- W is an alkoxy group having 5 or less carbon atoms, an amino group, or an alkylamino group having 5 or less carbon atoms
- it is preferable in terms of good hue and high fastness light resistance / gas / heat / water / chemical.
- Particularly preferred from the viewpoint of hue, light fastness and solvent resistance are an alkoxy group having 3 or less carbon atoms, an amino group (—NH 2 group), and an alkylamino group having 3 or less carbon atoms.
- a group (—OCH 3 group) or an ethoxy group (—OC 2 H 5 group) is preferred, and a methoxy group is most preferred from the viewpoint of good hue and improved light fastness.
- R 1 is a hydrogen atom or a substituent (for example, a substituted or unsubstituted acylamino group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms in total, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms in total, substituted or unsubstituted Of the aryl group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group having 4 to 12 carbon atoms in total, more preferably a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms in total.
- a substituent for example, a substituted or unsubstituted acylamino group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms in total, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms in total, substituted or unsubstituted Of the aryl group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group having 4 to 12
- R 2 represents a heterocyclic group, which may be further condensed.
- R 2 is preferably a 5- to 8-membered heterocyclic group, more preferably a 5- or 6-membered substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group, and particularly preferably a 6-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms. It is a cyclic group.
- heterocyclic ring are pyridine ring, pyrimidine ring, S-triazine ring, pyridazine ring, pyrazine ring, 1,2,4 thiadiazole ring, 1,3,4 thiadiazole ring, imidazole ring, more preferably A pyridine ring, a pyrimidine ring, an S-triazine ring, a pyridazine ring and a pyrazine ring are preferable, and a pyrimidine ring and an S-triazine ring are particularly preferable, and among them, a pyrimidine ring is most preferable.
- (E) G preferably represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aralkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group or a heterocyclic group having a total carbon number of 12 or less. More preferably, an alkyl group having 6 or less carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 6 or less carbon atoms, an aralkyl group having 12 or less carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 12 or less carbon atoms, an alkynyl group having 12 or less carbon atoms, An aryl group having 18 or less carbon atoms or a heterocyclic group having 12 or less total carbon atoms is represented.
- a hydrogen atom methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, i-propyl group, t-butyl group, cyclopropyl group, benzyl group, 2-phenethyl group, vinyl group, allyl group, ethynyl group or propargyl.
- a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a phenyl group, a pyridyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, and a pyrazinyl group are preferable.
- a methyl group, a 2-pyridyl group, a 2,6-pyrimidinyl group, and a 2,5-pyrazinyl group are preferable, and a methyl group Most preferably.
- Y is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group (eg, a methyl group), an aryl group (eg, a phenyl group), a heterocyclic group (eg, a 2-pyridyl group), an alkylthio group (eg, a methylthio group), and a hydrogen atom
- an alkyl group eg, a methyl group
- an aryl group eg, a phenyl group
- a heterocyclic group eg, a 2-pyridyl group
- an alkylthio group eg, a methylthio group
- a hydrogen atom is most preferable.
- n 2 or 3, and particularly preferable is when n is 2.
- n 2 or 3
- the coloring power is high, the light resistance is excellent, and the chemical fastness is improved.
- a tautomer thereof, a salt thereof, a hydrate thereof or a solvate thereof represents a dimer, for example, the following general formulas (4), (5), ( 6), (7), (8) and the connection mode represented by (9) are mentioned.
- G 1 and G 2 are each independently synonymous with G in the general formula (3).
- R 11 and R 12 are each independently synonymous with R 1 in the general formula (3).
- W 1 and W 2 are each independently synonymous with W in the general formula (3).
- Y 1 and Y 2 are independently the same as Y in the general formula (3).
- Z is synonymous with the case where R 2 in the general formula (3) represents a divalent substituent.
- G 1 and G 2 are each independently synonymous with G in the general formula (3).
- R 11 and R 12 are each independently synonymous with R 1 in the general formula (3).
- W 1 and W 2 are each independently synonymous with W in the general formula (3).
- Z 1 and Z 2 are each independently synonymous with R 2 in the general formula (3).
- Y is synonymous with the case where Y in the general formula (3) represents a divalent substituent.
- G 1 and G 2 are each independently synonymous with G in the general formula (3).
- R 11 and R 12 are each independently synonymous with R 1 in the general formula (3).
- W 1 and W 2 are each independently synonymous with W in the general formula (3).
- Y 1 and Y 2 are independently the same as Y in the general formula (3).
- Z 1 and Z 2 are each independently synonymous with R 2 in the general formula (3).
- X is synonymous with the case where X 1 or X 2 in the general formula (3) represents a divalent substituent.
- G 1 and G 2 are each independently synonymous with G in the general formula (3).
- R 11 and R 12 are each independently synonymous with R 1 in the general formula (3).
- Y 1 and Y 2 are independently the same as Y in the general formula (3).
- Z 1 and Z 2 are each independently synonymous with R 2 in the general formula (3).
- W is synonymous with the case where W in the general formula (3) represents a divalent substituent.
- G 1 and G 2 are each independently synonymous with G in the general formula (3).
- W 1 and W 2 are each independently synonymous with W in the general formula (3).
- Y 1 and Y 2 are independently the same as Y in the general formula (3).
- Z 1 and Z 2 are each independently synonymous with R 2 in the general formula (3).
- R is synonymous with the case where R 1 in the general formula (3) represents a divalent substituent.
- R 11 and R 12 are each independently synonymous with R 1 in the general formula (3).
- W 1 and W 2 are each independently synonymous with W in the general formula (3).
- Y 1 and Y 2 are independently the same as Y in the general formula (3).
- Z 1 and Z 2 are each independently synonymous with R 2 in the general formula (3).
- G is synonymous with the case where G in the general formula (3) represents a divalent substituent.
- the azo pigment represented by the general formula (3) is particularly an azo pigment represented by the general formulas (4), (5), (7), (8) and (9).
- the azo pigments represented by the general formulas (4), (5), (7) and (9) are preferred, and among them, the azo pigments represented by the general formula (4) are particularly preferable. Most preferably it is.
- Z represents a 5- to 8-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring
- Y 1 , Y 2 , R 11 , R 12 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent
- G 1 , G 2 represent Each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aralkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group or a heterocyclic group
- W 1 and W 2 each independently represent an alkoxy group, an amino group, an alkyl group or Represents an aryl group.
- Z represents a divalent 5- to 8-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring
- preferable heterocyclic groups include, but are not limited to, a pyrrole ring, a pyrazole ring, a triazole ring, an imidazole ring.
- it is a 6-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring, and examples thereof include a pyridine ring, a pyrimidine ring, and an S-triazine ring.
- Z is particularly preferably a pyrimidine ring.
- Z is a 6-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring, the intramolecular and intermolecular action of the dye molecule is preferable in that it is easier to improve in terms of hydrogen bonding and molecular planarity.
- G 1 and G 2 have the same meaning as G in the general formula (3), and preferred examples are also the same.
- R ⁇ 11> , R ⁇ 12 > is synonymous with R ⁇ 1 > in the said General formula (3), and its preferable example is also the same.
- W 1 and W 2 have the same meaning as W in the general formula (3), and preferred examples are also the same.
- the azo pigment represented by the general formula (1) includes its tautomer in its scope.
- the general formula (1) is shown in the form of an ultimate structural formula among several tautomers that can be taken from the chemical structure, but may be a tautomer other than the described structure, You may use as a mixture containing these tautomers.
- the pigment represented by the general formula (4) may be an azo-hydrazone tautomer represented by the following general formula (4 ′).
- the present invention includes in its scope a compound represented by the following general formula (4 ′), which is a tautomer of the azo pigment represented by the general formula (4).
- R 11 , R 12 , W 1 , W 2 , Y 1 , Y 2 , G 1 , G 2 and Z are R 11 , R 12 , W 1 in the general formula (4). , W 2 , Y 1 , Y 2 , G 1 , G 2 and Z.
- the compound whose at least 1 of a various substituent is the said preferable group is preferable, and many more various substituents are the said preferable. More preferred are compounds that are groups, and most preferred are compounds in which all substituents are the preferred groups.
- a particularly preferred combination as the azo pigment represented by the general formula (4) of the present invention includes the following (A) to (E).
- W 1 and W 2 are each independently an alkoxy group (eg, methoxy group, ethoxy group, i-propoxy group, t-butoxy group), amino group (eg, —NH 2 group, methylamino group, dimethyl group) Amino group, anilino group), alkyl group (for example, methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, i-propyl group, t-butyl group, cyclopropyl group) or aryl group (for example, phenyl group, p-tolyl group) , A naphthyl group), preferably an alkoxy group, an amino group or an alkyl group, more preferably an alkoxy group or an amino group, more preferably an alkoxy group having 5 or less carbon atoms, an amino group (—NH 2 group).
- alkoxy group eg, methoxy group, ethoxy group, i-propoxy group, t-butoxy group
- R 11 and R 12 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a substituent (for example, a substituted or unsubstituted acylamino group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms in total, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms in total) Group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group having 4 to 12 carbon atoms in total, more preferably a straight chain having 1 to 8 carbon atoms in total.
- a substituent for example, a substituted or unsubstituted acylamino group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms in total, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms in total
- a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group having 4 to 12 carbon
- alkyl group or a branched alkyl group more preferably a methyl group, an i-propyl group or a t-butyl group, and among them, a t-butyl group is most preferable.
- (C) Z represents a divalent heterocyclic group, which may be further condensed.
- Z is preferably a 5- to 8-membered heterocyclic group, more preferably a 5- or 6-membered substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic ring such as a pyrrole ring, a pyrazole ring, a triazole ring, an imidazole ring, a thiazole ring, i- Preferred are a thiazole ring, an oxazole ring, an i-oxazole ring, a thiadiazole ring, a thiophene ring, a furan ring, a pyridine ring, a pyrimidine ring, a triazine ring, and a pyridane ring, and particularly preferably a 6-membered nitrogen-containing heterocycle having 3 to 10 carbon atoms.
- heterocyclic ring is a pyridine ring, a pyrimidine ring, an S-triazine ring, a pyridazine ring and a pyrazine ring, and more preferably a pyridine ring, a pyrimidine ring, an S-triazine ring, a pyridazine ring and a pyrazine ring. More preferred are a pyrimidine ring and an S-triazine ring, and among these, a pyrimidine ring is most preferred.
- G 1 and G 2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aralkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group or a heterocyclic group, and particularly preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- a naphthyl group, a pyridyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, and a pyrazinyl group are preferable, and a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a phenyl group, a pyridyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, and a pyrazinyl group are preferable, and among them, a methyl group, a 2-pyridyl group, and 2,6- A pyrimidinyl group and a 2,5-pyrazinyl group are preferred.
- An alkyl group having 5 or less carbon atoms is more preferable
- Y 1 and Y 2 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group (eg, a methyl group), an aryl group (eg, a phenyl group), a heterocyclic group (eg, a 2-pyridyl group), an alkylthio group (eg, a methylthio group)
- an alkylthio group eg, a methylthio group
- n 2 or 3, and particularly preferable is when n is 2.
- n 2 or 3
- the coloring power is high, the light resistance is excellent, and the chemical fastness is improved.
- azo pigments represented by the general formulas (1), (2), (3) and (4) of the present invention azo pigments represented by the following general formulas (10) to (13) are preferable. .
- R 1 in the general formula (10), R 2, W, Q and n are as defined R 1, R 2, W, Q and n in the general formula (2).
- G in the general formula (11), R 1, R 2, W and Y are as defined above general formula (3) in the G, R 1, R 2, W and Y.
- G 1 , G 2 , R 11 , R 12 , W 1 , W 2 , Y 1 and Y 2 in the general formula (12) are the same as G 1 , G 2 , R 11 , R 12, W 1, W 2 , the same meaning as Y 1 and Y 2.
- X 11 and X 12 each independently represents a heterocyclic ring formed by Z in the general formula (4), and Het. Each represents a heteroatom in the heterocyclic ring.
- G 1 , G 2 and G 3 are each independently synonymous with G in the general formula (3).
- W 1 , W 2 and W 3 are each independently synonymous with W in the general formula (3).
- Y 1 , Y 2 and Y 3 are each independently synonymous with Y in the general formula (3).
- R 11 , R 12 and R 13 are each independently synonymous with R 1 in the general formula (3).
- X 11 , X 12 and X 13 are each independently synonymous with the case where R 2 in the above general formula (3) represents a trivalent heterocyclic ring; Each represents a heteroatom in the heterocyclic ring.
- the azo pigment represented by the general formula (1) preferably has a substituent that forms an intramolecular hydrogen bond or an intramolecular cross-hydrogen bond. It preferably has at least one substituent that forms an intramolecular hydrogen bond, more preferably has at least three substituents that form an intramolecular hydrogen bond, and at least three intramolecular hydrogens. It is particularly preferred that the group has a substituent that forms a bond, and at least two of these hydrogen bonds have a substituent that forms an intramolecular cross-hydrogen bond.
- examples of particularly preferable azo pigments include the above general formulas (10) to (10). And azo pigments represented by 13).
- this structure is preferable is that, as shown by the general formulas (10) to (13), a nitrogen atom, a hydrogen atom and a hetero atom (azo group or a tautomer thereof) constituting the heterocyclic ring contained in the azo pigment structure. It is mentioned that a nitrogen atom of a certain hydrazone group and an oxygen atom of a carbonyl group or a nitrogen atom of an amino group) easily form at least one intramolecular hydrogen bond (intramolecular hydrogen bond).
- Factors in which this structure is preferable include, as shown in the general formulas (10) and (11), a nitrogen atom constituting a heterocyclic group contained in the azo pigment structure, a hydrogen atom of an amino group, and a hetero atom (an azo group or a group thereof).
- the tautomer hydrazone group nitrogen atom and carbonyl group oxygen atom or amino group nitrogen atom) can easily form at least one intramolecular cross-hydrogen bond.
- the nitrogen atom, the hydrogen atom of the amino group and the hetero atom (azo group or tautomers thereof) constituting the heterocyclic group contained in the azo pigment structure The nitrogen atom of the hydrazone group and the oxygen atom of the carbonyl group or the nitrogen atom of the amino group) can easily form at least four intramolecular hydrogen bonds, and at least two intramolecular hydrogen bonds Is easy to form.
- the planarity of the molecule is improved, the intramolecular / intermolecular interaction is further improved, and for example, the crystallinity of the azo pigment represented by the general formula (12) is increased (it is easy to form a higher order structure). It is the most preferable example because the required performance as a pigment, which is light fastness, heat stability, wet heat stability, water resistance, gas resistance and / or solvent resistance, is greatly improved.
- the compounds represented by the general formulas (1) to (13) can be applied even if they contain isotopes (eg, 2H, 3H, 13C, 15N).
- azo pigments represented by the general formulas (1) to (13) are shown below, but the azo pigments used in the present invention are not limited to the following examples.
- the structures of the following specific examples are shown in the form of an ultimate structural formula among several tautomers that can be taken in terms of chemical structure, but have tautomeric structures other than those described. It goes without saying that it is also good.
- a tautomer exists depending on the structure of the compound, it is described in one of the representative forms in the present invention, but a tautomer different from the description of the present invention is also present in the present invention.
- Azo pigments Also included in the azo pigments of the present invention are salts, hydrates and solvates of the azo pigments of the present invention.
- the pigment represented by the general formula (1) may have any chemical form as long as the chemical structural formula is the general formula (1) or a tautomer thereof, and may be any crystal form pigment also called polymorph. .
- Crystal polymorphs refer to the same chemical composition but different arrangement of building blocks (molecules or ions) in the crystal.
- the crystal structure determines the chemical and physical properties, and each polymorph can be distinguished by its rheology, color, and other color characteristics. Different polymorphs can also be confirmed by X-Ray Diffraction (powder X-ray diffraction measurement result) or X-Ray Analysis (X-ray crystal structure analysis result).
- any polymorph may be used, and a mixture of two or more polymorphs may be used.
- the main component is preferably a single crystal type.
- the polycrystal is not mixed, and the content of the azo pigment having a single crystal type is 70% to 100%, preferably 80% to 100%, more preferably 90% to the entire azo pigment. 100%, more preferably 95% to 100%, particularly preferably 100%.
- an azo pigment having a single crystal form as a main component, the regularity of the dye molecule arrangement is improved, the intramolecular / intermolecular interaction is strengthened, and a higher-order three-dimensional network is easily formed. .
- it is preferable in terms of performance required for pigments such as improvement of hue, light fastness, heat fastness, humidity fastness, oxidizing gas fastness and solvent resistance.
- the mixing ratio of crystal polymorphs in azo pigments is based on solid physicochemical measurements such as single crystal X-ray crystal structure analysis, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), crystal micrograph (TEM), IR (KBr method), etc. I can confirm.
- the azo pigment represented by the general formula (1) when the azo pigment represented by the general formula (1) has an acid group, a part or all of the acid group may be in a salt form.
- Type pigments may be mixed.
- the salt type include salts of alkali metals such as Na, Li, and K, ammonium salts that may be substituted with alkyl groups or hydroxyalkyl groups, and organic amine salts.
- organic amines include lower alkyl amines, hydroxy substituted lower alkyl amines, carboxy substituted lower alkyl amines, and polyamines having 2 to 10 alkyleneimine units having 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
- the type is not limited to one type, and a plurality of types may be mixed.
- the plurality of acid groups when a plurality of acid groups are contained in one molecule, the plurality of acid groups may be salt type or acid type and may be different from each other.
- the azo pigment represented by the general formula (1) is a hydrate containing water molecules in the crystal or a solvent (eg, alcohol such as methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, t-butyl alcohol). And solvates containing aprotic solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, and N-methylpyrrolidone, and ketone solvents such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone.
- a solvent eg, alcohol such as methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, t-butyl alcohol.
- solvates containing aprotic solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, and N-methylpyrrolidone
- ketone solvents such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone.
- the heterocyclic amine represented by the following general formula (A) is diazonium under acidic conditions, subjected to a coupling reaction with a compound represented by the following general formula (B), followed by post-treatment by a conventional method, An azo pigment represented by the formula (1) can be produced.
- heterocyclic amines represented by the above general formula (A) are generally known and commonly used methods such as those described in Helv. Chim. Acta, 41, 1958, 1052-1056 and Helv. Chim. Acta, 42, 1959, 349 to 352 and the like, and methods similar thereto.
- the compound represented by the general formula (B) can be produced by a method described in International Publication No. 06/082669 or JP-A-2006-57076 and a method analogous thereto.
- the diazoniumation reaction of the heterocyclic amine represented by the general formula (A) is, for example, in an acidic solvent such as sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, methanesulfonic acid, sodium nitrite, nitrosyl sulfuric acid, isoamyl nitrite, etc.
- This reagent can be reacted at a temperature of 15 ° C. or lower for about 10 minutes to 6 hours.
- the coupling reaction is performed by reacting the diazonium salt obtained by the above-described method with the compound represented by the general formula (B) at 40 ° C. or lower, preferably 25 ° C. or lower for about 10 minutes to 12 hours. be able to.
- crystals are precipitated in this way, but in general, water or an alcohol solvent is added to the reaction solution to precipitate the crystals, and the crystals can be collected by filtration. it can.
- an alcohol solvent, water or the like can be added to the reaction solution to precipitate crystals, and the precipitated crystals can be collected by filtration.
- the crystals collected by filtration can be washed and dried as necessary to obtain an azo pigment represented by the general formula (1).
- the compound represented by the general formula (1) is obtained as a crude azo pigment (crude) by the above production method, it is desirable to perform post-treatment when used as the pigment of the present invention.
- post-treatment methods include solvent salt milling, salt milling, dry milling, solvent milling, pigment particle control step by grinding treatment such as acid pasting, solvent heating treatment, resin, surfactant and dispersant. The surface treatment process by etc. is mentioned.
- the compound represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention is preferably subjected to solvent heat treatment and / or solvent salt milling as a post-treatment.
- the solvent used in the solvent heat treatment include aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as water, toluene and xylene, halogenated hydrocarbon solvents such as chlorobenzene and o-dichlorobenzene, i-propanol, i-butanol and the like.
- Alcohol solvents, polar aprotic organic solvents such as N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, glacial acetic acid, pyridine, or a mixture thereof.
- An inorganic or organic acid or base may be further added to the solvents mentioned above.
- the temperature of the solvent heat treatment varies depending on the desired primary particle diameter of the pigment, but is preferably 40 to 150 ° C, more preferably 60 to 100 ° C.
- the treatment time is preferably 30 minutes to 24 hours.
- Solvent salt milling includes, for example, charging a crude azo pigment, an inorganic salt, and an organic solvent that does not dissolve it into a kneader, and kneading and grinding therein.
- a water-soluble inorganic salt can be preferably used.
- an inorganic salt such as sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium sulfate is preferably used. It is more preferable to use an inorganic salt having an average particle size of 0.5 to 50 ⁇ m.
- the amount of the inorganic salt used is preferably 3 to 20 times by mass, more preferably 5 to 15 times by mass with respect to the crude azo pigment.
- organic solvent a water-soluble organic solvent can be suitably used, and the solvent easily evaporates due to a temperature rise during kneading, so that a high boiling point solvent is preferable from the viewpoint of safety.
- organic solvents include diethylene glycol, glycerin, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, liquid polyethylene glycol, liquid polypropylene glycol, 2- (methoxymethoxy) ethanol, 2-butoxyethanol, 2- (i-pentyloxy) ethanol.
- 2- (hexyloxy) ethanol diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, triethylene glycol, triethylene glycol monomethyl ether, 1-methoxy-2-propanol, 1-ethoxy-2-propanol, Dipropylene glycol, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene Glycol or mixtures thereof.
- the amount of the water-soluble organic solvent used is preferably 0.1 to 5 times by mass with respect to the crude azo pigment.
- the kneading temperature is preferably 20 to 130 ° C, particularly preferably 40 to 110 ° C.
- a kneader for example, a kneader or a mix muller can be used.
- the vinyl polymer particles in the present invention include an azo pigment represented by the general formula (1), a tautomer thereof, a salt thereof, a hydrate or a solvate thereof, and a linking group in the polymer main chain.
- a vinyl polymer (hereinafter also referred to as “resin” or “specific resin”) comprising a structural unit (a) having a non-aromatic alicyclic group bonded via a structural unit (b) having a hydrophilic group contains.
- the vinyl polymer particles containing the pigment in the present invention can be produced by a conventional physical and chemical method using a specific resin and a pigment.
- JP-A-10-140065 JP-A-11-209672, JP-A-11-172180, JP-A-10-25440, or JP-A-11-43636. It can be manufactured by a method. Specific examples include the phase inversion method and acid precipitation method described in JP-A-9-151342 and JP-A-10-140065. Among them, the phase inversion method is preferable from the viewpoint of dispersion stability.
- phase inversion method is basically a method of self-dispersing (phase-inversion emulsification) in which a mixed melt of a resin having self-dispersibility or solubility and a pigment is dispersed in water.
- the contained vinyl polymer particles can be obtained.
- the mixed molten material refers to a mixed state that is not dissolved, a state that is dissolved and mixed, or a state that includes both of these states.
- a more specific production method of the “phase inversion method” includes the method described in JP-A-10-140065.
- the acid precipitation method prepares a water-containing cake composed of a resin and a pigment, and neutralizes some or all of the anionic groups of the resin in the water-containing cake using a basic compound.
- This is a method for producing vinyl polymer particles containing a pigment.
- the acid precipitation method includes (1) a step of dispersing a resin and a pigment in an alkaline aqueous medium and subjecting the resin to gelation by performing a heat treatment as necessary; Hydrophobizing the resin by making it neutral or acidic, and strongly fixing the resin to the pigment; (3) obtaining a water-containing cake by performing filtration and washing as necessary; and (4) a water-containing cake.
- More specific production methods of the above phase inversion method and acid precipitation method include the methods described in JP-A-9-151342 and JP-A-10-140065.
- the vinyl polymer particles containing a pigment are obtained by a method comprising a step of obtaining a specific resin as an aqueous dispersion, specifically, the following steps (1) and (2). It can be obtained by providing a preparation step for preparing a dispersion of the vinyl polymer particles contained, and the production of the water-based ink for ink-jet recording of the present invention is provided with this preparation step, and a vinyl polymer containing the resulting pigment is prepared. It can be suitably carried out by a method in which a dispersion of particles is used together with water and a water-soluble medium to obtain an aqueous ink.
- Step (2) From the dispersion Removing the organic solvent
- the stirring method is not particularly limited, and a commonly used mixing and stirring device, or a dispersing device such as an ultrasonic disperser, a high-pressure homogenizer, or a bead mill can be used as necessary.
- the organic solvent include alcohol solvents, ketone solvents, and ether solvents.
- the alcohol solvent include i-propyl alcohol, n-butanol, t-butanol, ethanol and the like.
- the ketone solvent include acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, diethyl ketone, and methyl i-butyl ketone.
- the ether solvent include dibutyl ether and dioxane.
- ketone solvents such as methyl ethyl ketone and alcohol solvents such as i-propyl alcohol are preferable, and methyl ethyl ketone is most preferable.
- the neutralizing agent is used for neutralizing a part or all of the dissociable groups and forming a specific resin in a stable emulsified or dispersed state in water.
- the neutralizing agent used include basic compounds such as organic amine compounds, ammonia, and alkali metal hydroxides.
- the organic amine compound include monomethylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, monoethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, monopropylamine, dipropylamine, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, N, N-dimethyl-ethanolamine.
- examples include amines, di-propanolamine, and tri-propanolamine.
- alkali metal hydroxide include lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide. Of these, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, triethylamine, and triethanolamine are preferable from the viewpoint of stabilizing dispersion in water, and sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide are particularly preferable.
- the content of the basic compound is preferably in the range of 5 to 120 mol%, more preferably in the range of 10 to 120 mol%, and still more preferably in the range of 80 to 120 mol% with respect to 100 mol% of the dissociable group. .
- the content is 5 mol% or more, it is effective for stabilizing the dispersion in water, and when it is 120 mol% or less, there is an effect of reducing water-soluble components.
- an organic solvent is distilled off from the dispersion obtained in the step (1) by a conventional method such as distillation under reduced pressure to perform phase inversion into an aqueous system, whereby the particle surface of the pigment is the resin.
- a dispersion of vinyl polymer particles containing the pigment coated with can be obtained.
- the organic solvent in the obtained dispersion has been substantially removed, and the amount of the organic solvent here is preferably 0.2% by mass or less, more preferably 0.1% by mass or less.
- a step of neutralizing a solution of a specific resin in the present invention having an anionic group dissolved in an organic solvent, a basic compound (neutralizing agent), and water (2) A step of mixing the obtained liquid mixture with a pigment to form a suspension, and then dispersing the pigment with a disperser or the like to obtain a pigment dispersion liquid; and (3) removing the organic solvent by, for example, distillation.
- a step of coating the pigment with a specific resin having an anionic group and dispersing it in an aqueous medium to form an aqueous dispersion can be provided to produce an aqueous ink for inkjet recording. More specifically, the descriptions in JP-A-11-2096722 and JP-A-11-172180 can be referred to.
- the particle diameter of 95% of the cumulative volume of the pigment dispersion of the vinyl polymer particles of the present invention is preferably in the range of 10 to 400 nm, more preferably in the range of 40 to 400 nm, and still more preferably in the range of 60 to 350 nm.
- the particle size at which the cumulative volume is 95% is 10 nm or more, the production suitability is improved, and when it is 400 nm or less, the storage stability is improved.
- limiting in particular regarding the particle size distribution of the vinyl polymer particle containing a pigment Either a thing with a wide particle size distribution or a thing with a monodispersed particle size distribution may be sufficient.
- the particle size and particle size distribution with a cumulative volume of 95% of the vinyl polymer particles containing the pigment were measured by a dynamic light scattering method using a nanotrack particle size distribution measuring device UPA-EX150 (manufactured by Nikkiso Co., Ltd.). It is calculated
- the dispersion treatment can be performed using, for example, a ball mill, a roll mill, a bead mill, a high-pressure homogenizer, a high-speed stirring type disperser, an ultrasonic homogenizer, or the like.
- the content of the vinyl polymer particles in the dispersion (more preferably, water-based ink for inkjet recording) in the present invention is preferably 1 to 10% by mass from the viewpoint of dispersion stability and concentration of the dispersion, and 2 to 8%. % By mass is more preferable, and 2 to 6% by mass is particularly preferable.
- the aqueous ink for inkjet recording of the present invention contains a water-soluble medium as an essential component.
- a water-soluble organic solvent is mentioned as a water-soluble medium.
- Water-soluble organic solvents are used for the purpose of drying inhibitors, wetting agents or penetration enhancers.
- An anti-drying agent is used for the purpose of preventing clogging due to drying of the ink-jet ink at the ink ejection port of the nozzle, and a water-soluble organic solvent having a vapor pressure lower than that of water is preferable as the anti-drying agent or wetting agent.
- a water-soluble organic solvent is preferably used as a penetration accelerator for the purpose of allowing ink jet ink to penetrate into paper better.
- water-soluble media examples include glycerin, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, trimethylolpropane, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, pentaethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, polyoxyethylene glyceryl Ether, polyoxypropylene glyceryl ether, 2-butene-1,4-diol, 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, 1,2-octanediol, 1,2 -Alkanediols (polyhydric alcohols) such as hexanediol, 1,2-pentanediol, 4-methyl-1,2-pentanediol; vulcose, mannose, fructose, ribose, xylose, arabinose Sugars such as galactose, aldonic
- Polyol compounds are useful for the purpose of drying inhibitors and wetting agents.
- glycerin ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, 1,3-butanediol, , 3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 3-methyl-1,3-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, tetraethylene glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, 2-methyl-2,4- Examples include pentanediol, polyethylene glycol, 1,2,4-butanetriol, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, and the like. These may be used individually by 1 type and may use 2 or more types together.
- a polyol compound is preferable.
- the aliphatic diol include 2-ethyl-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, 3,3-dimethyl-1,2-butanediol, , 2-diethyl-1,3-propanediol, 2-methyl-2-propyl-1,3-propanediol, 2,4-dimethyl-2,4-pentanediol, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5- Examples include hexanediol, 5-hexene-1,2-diol, and 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol. Among these, preferred examples include 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol and 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol.
- the water-soluble medium used in the present invention may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Preferable examples of the water-soluble medium include glycerin, dipropylene glycol, polyoxyethylene glyceryl ether, and polyoxypropylene glyceryl ether.
- the content of the water-soluble medium is 5% by mass or more and 60% by mass or less, preferably 10% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less, based on the total mass of the ink.
- the amount of water used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10% by mass or more and 99% by mass or less, more preferably 30% by mass or more and 80% by mass or less with respect to the total mass of the ink. It is. More preferably, it is 50 mass% or more and 70 mass% or less.
- the ink of the present invention preferably contains a surface tension adjusting agent.
- the surface tension adjusting agent include nonionic, cationic, anionic and betaine surfactants.
- the addition amount of the surface tension adjusting agent is preferably an amount for adjusting the surface tension of the ink of the present invention to 20 to 60 mN / m, more preferably 20 to 45 mN / m, in order to achieve good droplet ejection by inkjet. Preferably, the amount can be adjusted to 25 to 40 mN / m.
- the surfactant in the present invention a compound having a structure having both a hydrophilic part and a hydrophobic part in the molecule can be used effectively.
- Anionic surfactants cationic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants can be used. Any of the nonionic surfactants can be used. Furthermore, the above-mentioned polymer substance (polymer dispersant) can also be used as a surfactant.
- anionic surfactant examples include, for example, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium alkyldiphenyl ether disulfonate, sodium alkylnaphthalenesulfonate, sodium dialkylsulfosuccinate, sodium stearate, potassium oleate, Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate, sodium polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate, sodium polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate, sodium polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether sulfate, sodium dialkylsulfosuccinate, sodium stearate, sodium oleate, t-octylphenoxy Examples include sodium ethoxypolyethoxyethyl sulfate, and one or more of these are selected.
- Rukoto can.
- the nonionic surfactant include, for example, polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene oleyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether, oxyethylene / oxypropylene block copolymer, t- Examples include octylphenoxyethyl polyethoxyethanol, nonylphenoxyethyl polyethoxyethanol, and the like, and one or more of these can be selected.
- cationic surfactants include tetraalkylammonium salts, alkylamine salts, benzalkonium salts, alkylpyridium salts, imidazolium salts, and the like. Specific examples include dihydroxyethyl stearylamine, 2-heptadecenyl. -Hydroxyethyl imidazoline, lauryl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, cetyl pyridinium chloride, stearamide methyl pyridium chloride and the like.
- the amount of the surfactant added to the ink jet liquid composition in the invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1% by mass or more, more preferably 1 to 10% by mass, and still more preferably 1%. To 3% by mass.
- the ink of the present invention may contain other additives.
- Other additives include, for example, ultraviolet absorbers, anti-fading agents, anti-mold agents, pH adjusters, rust inhibitors, antioxidants, emulsion stabilizers, preservatives, antifoaming agents, viscosity modifiers, and dispersion stabilizers.
- Known additives such as agents and chelating agents are included.
- UV absorbers examples include benzophenone UV absorbers, benzotriazole UV absorbers, salicylate UV absorbers, cyanoacrylate UV absorbers, nickel complex salt UV absorbers, and the like.
- Organic anti-fading agents include hydroquinones, alkoxyphenols, dialkoxyphenols, phenols, anilines, amines, indanes, chromans, alkoxyanilines, heterocycles, etc. Complex, zinc complex and the like.
- Antifungal agents include sodium dehydroacetate, sodium benzoate, sodium pyridinethion-1-oxide, ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 1,2-benzi-thiazoline-3-one, sodium sorbate, sodium pentachlorophenol Etc. These are preferably used in an amount of 0.02 to 1.00% by mass in the ink.
- the pH adjuster is not particularly limited as long as it can adjust the pH to a desired value without adversely affecting the recording ink to be prepared, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose.
- Amines eg, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, 2-amino-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol
- alkali metal hydroxides eg, lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide
- ammonium examples thereof include hydroxides (for example, ammonium hydroxide and quaternary ammonium hydroxides), phosphonium hydroxides, alkali metal carbonates, and the like.
- rust preventive agent examples include acidic sulfite, sodium thiosulfate, ammonium thiodiglycolate, di-propylammonium nitrite, pentaerythritol tetranitrate, and dicyclohexylammonium nitrite.
- antioxidants examples include phenol-based antioxidants (including hindered phenol-based antioxidants), amine-based antioxidants, sulfur-based antioxidants, and phosphorus-based antioxidants.
- chelating agent examples include sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, sodium nitrilotriacetate, sodium hydroxyethylethylenediaminetriacetate, sodium diethylenetriaminepentaacetate, sodium uramil diacetate and the like.
- the ink of the present invention may contain fine resin particles or polymer latex.
- resin fine particles or polymer latex acrylic resin, vinyl acetate resin, styrene-butadiene resin, vinyl chloride resin, acrylic-styrene resin, butadiene resin, styrene resin, crosslinked acrylic resin, crosslinked styrene resin Benzoguanamine resin, phenol resin, silicone resin, epoxy resin, urethane resin, paraffin resin, fluorine resin, and the like can be used.
- Preferred examples include acrylic resins, acrylic-styrene resins, styrene resins, cross-linked acrylic resins, and cross-linked styrene resins.
- the resin fine particles include self-dispersing polymer fine particles.
- Self-dispersing polymer fine particles are high molecular polymers that can be dispersed in an aqueous medium by the functional groups (particularly acidic groups or salts thereof) of the polymer itself in the absence of other surfactants. , Meaning polymer fine particles containing no free emulsifier.
- the dispersed state refers to both an emulsified state (emulsion) in which a polymer is dispersed in an aqueous medium in a liquid state and a dispersed state (suspension) in which a polymer is dispersed in a solid state in an aqueous medium. It includes the state of.
- the polymer is preferably a polymer that can be dispersed in a solid state.
- the self-dispersing polymer fine particles preferably used in the present invention preferably contain a polymer containing a hydrophilic structural unit and a structural unit derived from an aromatic group-containing monomer.
- the hydrophilic structural unit is not particularly limited as long as it is derived from a hydrophilic group-containing monomer, and even if it is derived from one kind of hydrophilic group-containing monomer, it contains two or more hydrophilic groups. It may be derived from a monomer.
- the hydrophilic group is not particularly limited, and may be a dissociable group or a nonionic hydrophilic group.
- the hydrophilic group is preferably a dissociable group and more preferably an anionic dissociative group from the viewpoint of promoting self-dispersion and the stability of the formed emulsified or dispersed state. Examples of the dissociable group include a carboxyl group, a phosphoric acid group, and a sulfonic acid group.
- a carboxyl group is preferable from the viewpoint of fixability when an ink composition is configured.
- the dissociable group-containing monomer include an unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer, an unsaturated sulfonic acid monomer, and an unsaturated phosphoric acid monomer.
- the unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, citraconic acid, and 2-methacryloyloxymethyl succinic acid.
- the unsaturated sulfonic acid monomer examples include styrene sulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid, 3-sulfopropyl (meth) acrylate, and bis- (3-sulfopropyl) -itaconate. It is done.
- Specific examples of the unsaturated phosphoric acid monomer include vinyl phosphonic acid, vinyl phosphate, bis (methacryloxyethyl) phosphate, diphenyl-2-acryloyloxyethyl phosphate, diphenyl-2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphate, dibutyl-2- Examples include acryloyloxyethyl phosphate. From the viewpoints of dispersion stability and ejection stability, unsaturated carboxylic acid monomers are preferred, and acrylic acid and methacrylic acid are more preferred.
- the aromatic group-containing monomer is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound containing an aromatic group and a polymerizable group.
- the aromatic group may be a group derived from an aromatic hydrocarbon or a group derived from an aromatic heterocycle. From the viewpoint of particle shape stability in an aqueous medium, an aromatic group derived from an aromatic hydrocarbon is preferable.
- the polymerizable group may be a condensation polymerizable polymerizable group or an addition polymerizable polymerizable group. In the present invention, from the viewpoint of particle shape stability in an aqueous medium, an addition polymerizable polymerizable group is preferable, and a group containing an ethylenically unsaturated bond is more preferable.
- the aromatic group-containing monomer is preferably a monomer having an aromatic group derived from an aromatic hydrocarbon and an ethylenically unsaturated bond, and more preferably an aromatic group-containing (meth) acrylate monomer.
- the aromatic group-containing monomer include phenoxyethyl (meth) acrylate, benzyl (meth) acrylate, phenyl (meth) acrylate, and a styrene monomer.
- phenoxyethyl (meth) acrylate preferably at least one selected from phenoxyethyl (meth) acrylate, benzyl (meth) acrylate, and phenyl (meth) acrylate. More preferred is phenoxyethyl (meth) acrylate, and particularly preferred is phenoxyethyl acrylate.
- the self-dispersing polymer fine particles include a structural unit derived from an aromatic group-containing (meth) acrylate monomer, and the content thereof is preferably 10% by mass to 95% by mass.
- the content of the aromatic group-containing (meth) acrylate monomer is 10% by mass to 95% by mass, the stability of the self-emulsification or dispersion state is improved, and the increase in the ink viscosity can be further suppressed. From the viewpoints of stability in a self-dispersing state, stabilization of particle shape in an aqueous medium due to hydrophobic interaction between aromatic rings, and reduction in the amount of water-soluble components due to appropriate hydrophobicity of the particles.
- the self-dispersing polymer fine particles can be composed of, for example, a structural unit composed of an aromatic group-containing monomer and a structural unit composed of a dissociable group-containing monomer, but further includes other structural units as necessary. Can be configured.
- the monomer that forms the other structural unit is not particularly limited as long as it is a monomer copolymerizable with the aromatic group-containing monomer and the dissociable group-containing monomer.
- an alkyl group-containing monomer is preferable from the viewpoint of flexibility of the polymer skeleton and easy control of the glass transition temperature (Tg).
- alkyl group-containing monomer examples include methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, i-propyl (meth) acrylate, n-propyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, i-butyl ( Alkyl (meth) acrylates such as meth) acrylate, t-butyl (meth) acrylate, hexyl (meth) acrylate, ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate; hydroxymethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxy Ethylenically unsaturated monomers having a hydroxyl group such as propyl (meth) acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate, hydroxypentyl (meth) acrylate, hydroxyhexyl (meth) acrylate; Dialkylaminoalkyl
- the molecular weight range of the polymer constituting the self-dispersing polymer fine particles in the present invention is preferably 3000 to 200,000, more preferably 5000 to 150,000, and more preferably 10,000 to 100,000 in terms of weight average molecular weight. More preferably it is.
- the weight average molecular weight is 3000 or more, the amount of water-soluble components can be effectively suppressed.
- self-dispersion stability can be improved by making a weight average molecular weight into 200,000 or less.
- the weight average molecular weight can be measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- the high molecular polymer constituting the self-dispersing polymer fine particles contains 15 to 90% by mass of an aromatic group-containing (meth) acrylate monomer, a carboxyl group-containing monomer and an alkyl group.
- the average particle size of the self-dispersing polymer fine particles is preferably in the range of 10 nm to 1 ⁇ m, more preferably in the range of 10 to 200 nm, still more preferably in the range of 20 to 100 nm, and particularly preferably in the range of 20 to 50 nm.
- the addition amount of the self-dispersing polymer fine particles is preferably 0.5 to 20% by mass, more preferably 3 to 20% by mass, and further preferably 5 to 15% by mass with respect to the ink.
- the glass transition temperature Tg of the self-dispersing polymer fine particles is preferably 30 ° C. or higher, more preferably 40 ° C. or higher, and further preferably 50 ° C. or higher.
- the particle size distribution of the polymer particles is not particularly limited, and may be any having a wide particle size distribution or a monodispersed particle size distribution. Further, two or more kinds of polymer fine particles having a monodispersed particle size distribution may be mixed and used.
- liquid composition for improving printability it is preferable to apply a liquid composition for improving printability to a print medium.
- a preferred example of the liquid composition that can be used in the present invention to improve the printability is a liquid composition that generates an aggregate by changing the pH of the ink.
- the pH of the liquid composition is preferably 1.0 to 9.0, more preferably 2.0 to 9.0, and the pH is 3.0 to 8.5. Is more preferable.
- polyacrylic acid As components of the liquid composition, polyacrylic acid, acetic acid, glycolic acid, malonic acid, malic acid, maleic acid, ascorbic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, fumaric acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, sulfonic acid, orthophosphoric acid, It is preferably selected from pyrrolidone carboxylic acid, pyrone carboxylic acid, pyrrole carboxylic acid, furan carboxylic acid, pyridine carboxylic acid, coumaric acid, thiophene carboxylic acid, nicotinic acid, derivatives of these compounds, or salts thereof. . These compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a treatment liquid to which a polyvalent metal salt or polyallylamine is added can be mentioned.
- a polyvalent metal salt an alkaline earth metal of Group 2A of the periodic table (for example, magnesium and calcium); a transition metal of Group 3B of the periodic table (for example, lanthanum); from Group 3A of the periodic table Cations (for example, aluminum); lanthanides (for example, neodymium); and polyallylamine and polyallylamine derivatives.
- Preferred examples include calcium and magnesium.
- Anions that are preferably employed as a counter salt of calcium or magnesium include carboxylate (formic acid, acetic acid, benzoate, etc.), nitrate, chloride, and thiocyanate.
- carboxylate formic acid, acetic acid, benzoate, etc.
- nitrate nitrate
- chloride nitrate
- thiocyanate nitrate
- chloride thiocyanate
- the salt is contained in the treatment liquid in an amount ranging from about 1 to about 10% by weight, preferably from about 1.5 to about 7% by weight, more preferably from about 2 to about 6% by weight. Can exist.
- the surface tension of the ink of the present invention is preferably 20 mN / m or more and 60 mN / m or less. More preferably, it is 20 mN or more and 45 mN / m or less, More preferably, it is 25 mN / m or more and 40 mN / m or less.
- the viscosity of the ink of the present invention at 20 ° C. is preferably 1.2 mPa ⁇ s or more and 15.0 mPa ⁇ s or less, more preferably 2 mPa ⁇ s or more and less than 13 mPa ⁇ s, still more preferably 2.5 mPa ⁇ s. This is less than 10 mPa ⁇ s.
- a known image receiving material that is, plain paper, resin-coated paper, such as JP-A-8-169172, JP-A-8-27693, JP-A-2-276670, JP-A-7-276789, JP-A-9-323475, JP-A-62-238783, JP-A-10-153789, JP-A-10-217473, JP-A-10-235995 10-337947, 10-217597, 10-337947, etc.
- paragraph numbers 0093 to 0105 in JP-A No. 2003-306623 can be applied as an ink jet recording method preferable for the present invention.
- a polymer latex compound When forming an image, a polymer latex compound may be used in combination for the purpose of giving glossiness or water resistance or improving weather resistance.
- the timing of applying the latex compound to the image receiving material may be before, after, or simultaneously with the application of the colorant, and therefore the addition location may be in the image receiving paper. It may be in ink or may be used as a liquid material of polymer latex alone.
- JP-A No. 2002-166638 Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-363090
- JP-A No. 2002-121440 Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-315231
- JP-A No. 2002-154201 Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-354380
- JP-A No. 2002-144696 The methods described in Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-343944
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-080759 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-080759
- a first step a step of applying a liquid composition for improving printability to a recording medium.
- Second step a step of applying an ink composition to the recording medium to which the liquid composition has been applied.
- Other steps are not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include a drying removal step and a heat fixing step.
- the drying removal step is not particularly limited except that the ink solvent in the ink composition applied to the recording medium is removed by drying, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose.
- the heat fixing step is not particularly limited except that the latex particles contained in the ink used in the ink jet recording method are melt-fixed, and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose.
- a first step a step of applying a liquid composition for improving printability to an intermediate transfer member.
- Second step a step of applying an ink composition to the intermediate transfer body to which the liquid composition has been applied.
- Third step a step of transferring an ink image formed on the intermediate transfer member to a recording medium.
- Other steps are not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include a drying removal step and a heat fixing step.
- the precipitated crystals were collected by filtration, and further suspended and washed with methanol.
- the obtained crystals were collected by filtration and dried to obtain 2.0 g (yellow powder, yield 79%) of the exemplified compound (Pig.-1).
- Cyclohexyl acrylate (M-3) 92 parts by weight Acrylic acid 3 parts by weight Methacrylic acid 5 parts by weight 2-Mercaptoethanol 0.1 part by weight
- Example 1 (Experiment No. 101) The obtained 50% vinyl polymer solution was neutralized by adding a 5 mol / L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution to 10 parts by mass. An alkali amount for completely neutralizing methacrylic acid and acrylic acid of the vinyl polymer was added. 10 parts by mass of the pigment exemplified compound (Pig.-1) of the present invention was added, and kneaded with a roll mill for 2 to 8 hours as necessary. The kneaded product was dispersed in 100 parts by mass of ion-exchanged water. The organic solvent was completely removed from the obtained dispersion at 55 ° C. under reduced pressure, and further concentrated by removing water to obtain an aqueous dispersion of pigment-containing vinyl polymer particles having a solid content concentration of 15% by mass. .
- Example numbers 102-383 Except that the types of pigment and vinyl polymer were replaced with those in Tables 1 to 7, similar to Experiment No. 101, pigment-containing vinyl polymer particle aqueous dispersions having Experiment Nos. 102 to 383 were obtained.
- the pigment and the vinyl polymer were each synthesized by the same method as in [Synthesis Example 1].
- Table 2 the evaluation is mainly made by changing the kind of the pigment of the present invention.
- Table 3 the dependency of the average molecular weight of the vinyl polymer on the acid value is mainly evaluated.
- Table 4 the evaluation is mainly made by changing the kind of the vinyl polymer of the present invention.
- A Particle size with a cumulative volume of 95% before heating: D95 less than 230 nm and D95 difference before and after heating less than 50 nm
- Sample B Particles with a cumulative volume of 95% before heating Diameter: D95 is 230 nm or more and less than 280 nm and the difference between D95 before and after heating is less than 50 nm
- Sample C Particle size with cumulative volume before heating of 95%: D95 less than 230 nm and before and after heating D95
- Sample D with difference of 50 to 80 nm Particle size with cumulative volume before heating of 95%: Sample E with D95 of 230 to 280 nm and D95 difference before and after heating of 50 to 80 nm .. Samples falling outside the range of A to D After evaluation according to the above criteria, the thermal stability deteriorates in the order of A, B, C, D, E, and dispersions with an evaluation of E are preferred I decided.
- Example 2 Preparation of self-dispersing polymer fine particles
- a stirrer To a 2 liter three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a reflux condenser, and a nitrogen gas inlet tube, 350.0 g of methyl ethyl ketone was charged and heated to 75 ° C.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the obtained copolymer was 64000 (calculated in terms of polystyrene by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), the columns used were TSKgel SuperHZM-H, TSKgel SuperHZ4000, TSKgel SuperHZ200 (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation)), The acid value was 38.9 (mgKOH / g).
- 668.3 g of the polymerization solution was weighed, 388.3 g of i-propanol and 145.7 ml of 1 mol / L NaOH aqueous solution were added, and the temperature in the reaction vessel was raised to 80 ° C.
- Aqueous dispersion of pigment-containing vinyl polymer particles of Example 1 25 parts by mass Glycerin 5 parts by mass Diethylene glycol 5 parts by mass Triethylene glycol monobutyl ether 5 parts by mass Polyoxypropylene glyceryl ether 10 parts by mass Dipropylene glycol 5 parts by mass Triethanolamine 1 part by mass Olphine E1010 (manufactured by Nissin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) 1 part by mass Self-dispersing polymer fine particles (B-01) in water dispersion 15 parts by mass Ion-exchanged water 28 parts by mass
- the above was mixed to obtain an ink composition.
- the pH of the ink composition was measured with a pH meter-WM-50EG manufactured by Toa DKK Co., Ltd., the pH was 8.5.
- the reflection density of the printed sample was measured with X-rite 983 (manufactured by X-rite) to confirm streaks and unevenness.
- Samples 1 to 20 in Table 8 were measured in order, and measurement was carried out at arbitrary three locations in the sample where the increase in concentration was saturated, and they were 1.82, 1.79, and 1.84.
- printing evaluations of Examples 3 to 20 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were performed in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the pigment dispersion of Example 1 (Experiment No. 101) was changed to the pigment dispersion shown in Table 9. Carried out.
- the evaluation standard is that the difference between the maximum and minimum values of the print density at any three locations in the print area is 0 to 0.15, 0.16 to 0.30 is ⁇ , and 0.31 or more.
- X, x was recorded in any case when the print density was recorded at 1.5 or less at at least one of the three arbitrary points.
- the ink composition prepared above was used as a DMP-2831 printer manufactured by Fujifilm Dimatix, and the image receiving sheet had EPSON photo paper ⁇ gloss> as paper a, photo paper Krispia ⁇ high gloss> as paper b, and paper c Print a monochrome image pattern on the PM-G800 using Canon's PR101, Hewlett-Packard Advanced Photo Paper as paper d, and Fujifilm Corporation's painting as paper e. Image robustness was evaluated.
- the following evaluation was performed by measuring the color density of the image storability. For light fastness, after measuring the image density Ci immediately after printing with X-rite 310, the image was irradiated with xenon light (100,000 lux) for 7 days using an Atlas weather meter, and the image density Cf was measured again. The residual ratio (Cf / Ci) ⁇ 100 of the dye was evaluated. The afterimage rate of the dye is evaluated at three points of reflection density of 0.7, 1.2, and 2.0, and A and 1 point are less than 85% when the remaining rate of the dye is 85% or more at any density. In the case of B, the case where 2 points were less than 85% was designated as C, and in the case where the concentration of all 3 points was less than 85%, D was designated. The results are shown in Table 9.
- the particle size of the pigment dispersion does not change even after storage for a long time or after exposure to high temperature, the occurrence of streaks and unevenness is suppressed, and a uniform printed image is obtained.
- a pigment dispersion capable of producing a water-based ink for ink jet recording excellent in light fastness, and a water-based ink for ink jet recording using the same can be provided.
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Abstract
Description
しかし、長期間あるいは高温で経時されたインクを受像紙に印字するとスジ及びムラを生じることが判明した。
インクジェット記録用水系インクとして、顔料とアニオン性基含有有機高分子化合物とを含有する水性顔料分散体を有するインクジェット記録用水分散体が開示されている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。具体的には、顔料としてC.I.ピグメントイエロー74(本明細書中、「PY-74」とも表記する)と、分散剤としてメタクリル酸n-ブチルとアクリル酸n-ブチルとメタクリル酸2-ヒドロキシエチルとメタクリル酸とスチレンとの共重合体とを用いることで、分散性と分散安定性及び鮮明な画像を形成することができるとされている。
また、シクロヘキシルアクリレート及び/又はベンジルアクリレートと、メタクリル酸と、アクリル酸とを重合したポリマー、顔料及び水性媒体からなるインクジェットインク用顔料分散体が特許文献2に開示されている。これを用いたインクジェットインクは、安定性、分散性に優れることが記載されている。
アニオン性基含有高分子化合物を含有するポリマーで作成されたインクジェット記録用インクでは、インクの安定性、分散性が改善されると述べられている。
本発明の課題は、長期間保存後又は高温に曝された後であっても、顔料分散体の粒径が変わらず、スジ及びムラの発生が抑制され、均一な印字画像が得られるとともに、光堅牢性に優れたインクジェット記録用水性インクを作製できる顔料分散体、及び、これを用いたインクジェット記録用水性インクを提供することにある。
即ち、以下の手段により本発明の目的は達成される。
A:下記一般式(1)で表されるアゾ顔料、その互変異性体、それらの塩、それらの水和物又はそれらの溶媒和物
B:ポリマー主鎖と連結基を介して結合した非芳香族脂環式基を有する構造単位(a)と、親水性基を有する構造単位(b)とを含むビニルポリマー。
本発明の顔料分散体は、A及びBを含有するビニルポリマー粒子の分散体を含む。
A:下記一般式(1)で表されるアゾ顔料、その互変異性体、それらの塩、それらの水和物又はそれらの溶媒和物
B:ポリマー主鎖と連結基を介して結合した非芳香環脂環式基を有する構造単位(a)と、親水性基を有する構造単位(b)とを含むビニルポリマー
主鎖と連結基を介して結合した非芳香族脂環式化合物を有する構造単位(a)(以下単に「構造単位(a)」と称する場合がある)における非芳香族脂環式化合物としては、特に限定されないが、非芳香族脂環式炭化水素基又は非芳香族複素環基が挙げられ、環を形成する炭素数が5~15の非芳香族脂環式炭化水素基や環を形成する炭素数が3~10の非芳香族複素環基が好ましい。中でも環を形成する炭素数が5~15の非芳香族脂環式炭化水素基がより好ましい。
脂環式エーテルの具体例として、テトラヒドロフラン、テトラヒドロピラン、テトラヒドロ-4H-ピラン-4-オール、2-メチル-1,3-ジオキソラン、ジオキサン、2-(ヒドロキシメチル)-12-クラウン-4が挙げられる。脂環式エーテルにヒドロキシル基が置換した糖類も含まれる。糖の具体例として、エリトロース、トレオース、リボース、リキソース、キシロース、アラビノース、アロース、タロース、グロース、グルコース、アルトロース、マンノース、ガラクトース、イドース、フルクトース、エリトルロース、キシルロース、リブロース、プシコース、フルクトース、ソルボース、タガトース、エリトリトール、アラビトール、キシリトール、リビトール、ソルビトール、マンニトール、ガラクチトール等が挙げられる。脂環式チオエーテルの具体例としてテトラヒドロチオフェン、ペンタメチレンスルフィド、テトラメチレンスルフィド、テトラメチレンスルホン、グリコールサルファイト等が挙げられる。脂環式アミンの具体例として、ピロリジン、3-ピロリジノール、1-アミノピロリジン、ピペリジン、2-メチルピペリジン、1-アミノー2,6-ジメチルピペリジン、デカヒドロキノリン、キノクリジン、ピペコリン酸、ニピペコティック酸、i-ニペコティック酸、1-アセチルピペラジンやプロリンなどが挙げられる。脂環式アミド類として、例えば、2-イミダゾリドン、テトラヒドロー2-ピリミドン、ヒダントイン、2,4-チアゾリジンジオン、パラバニック酸、シクロセリン、バルビツール酸、2,4-ジオキソヘキサヒドロ-1,3,5-トリアジン、2-ピロリジノン、δ-バレロラクタム、ε-カプロラクタム、4-アザトリシクロ[4.3.1.1(3,8)]-ウンデカン-5-オ、2-オキサゾリドン、スクシンイミド、無水グリシン、グルタルイミド、β,β‐メチルエチルグルタルイミド、等が挙げられる。脂環式エステルとしてεカプロラクタム、デルターバレロラクトン、メバロニックラクトン、α-ヒドロキシ-γ-ブチロラクトンやテトロニック酸が挙げられる。脂環式チオエステルの例として、γ-チオブチロラクトンやチオテトロニック酸が挙げられる。脂環式チオアミドの具体例として、ω-チオカプロラクタム、ローダニン、2-チオヒダントイン、3-アミノローダニンが挙げられる。複数のヘテロ原子を含む脂環式複素環の例として、モルホリンやチアゾリジンが挙げられる。
非芳香族複素環式基の複素環の中でも、脂環式エーテル、糖、脂環式アミン、脂環式アミド、脂環式チオアミドや複数のヘテロ原子を含む脂環式複素環がより好ましく、糖、脂環式アミン、脂環式アミド、脂環式チオアミドが更に好ましく、脂環式アミド、脂環式チオアミドが最も好ましい。
一般式(I)で表される構造単位(a1)(以下単に「構造単位(a1)」と称する場合がある。)の含有量は、顔料の分散安定性、吐出安定性、洗浄性の観点から、前記ビニルポリマーの全質量のうち5質量%以上93質量%未満であることが好ましく、5質量%以上90質量%未満であることがより好ましく、10質量%以上80質量%未満であることが特に好ましい。
R2が表すアルキル基としては、好ましくは炭素数1~10のアルキル基であり、例えば、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、i-プロピル基、t-ブチル基等を挙げることができる。ここで、前記置換基としては、ハロゲン原子、アルキル基、アルコキシ基、水酸基等、シアノ基等が挙げられるが、特に限定されない。
(メタ)アクリレートに由来の構造単位より選択される少なくとも一つであれば、主鎖から非芳香族脂環式化合物をエステル結合を介して結合することができ、顔料と吸着性などの相互作用が期待できる非芳香族脂環式基が主鎖から自由度を持った立体構造をとることができる。
また、一般式(I)で表される構造単位(a1)は、非芳香族脂環式基として、非芳香族脂環式炭化水素基若しくは非芳香族複素環基の1価の基を含むことが好ましい。前記の非芳香族脂環式基を採用することで基の嵩高さがビニルポリマーを剛直に保たせることが可能となる。従って、ビニルポリマー自身が相互作用し糸まり状となるのを抑制でき本来の効果、すなわちポリマーの疎水性部分と顔料表面とが相互作用し、ポリマーの親水性部分が液媒体と相互作用する効果が発揮できるからである。
前記構造単位(a)はアクリル酸又はメタクリル酸の、アルキルエステルに由来する構造単位(a2)を含有してもよい。
アルキルエステルの炭素数は1~18が好ましく、1~8がより好ましく、1~4が更に好ましく、1~2が特に好ましい。
構造単位(a2)の含有量はビニルポリマー中に好ましくは5質量%以上95質量%未満であり、より好ましくは10質量%以上90質量%未満であり、更に好ましくは、15質量%以上86質量%未満である。
構造単位(a2)の具体例としては、メチル(メタ)アクリレート、エチル(メタ)アクリレート、(i-)プロピル(メタ)アクリレート、(i-又はt-)ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、ドデシル(メタ)アクリレート、ステアリル(メタ)アクリレート等の(メタ)アクリレート類が挙げられる。
中でもメチル(メタ)アクリレート、エチル(メタ)アクリレートが好ましい。
本発明におけるビニルポリマーに含まれる親水性基を有する構造単位(b)について説明する。
構造単位(b)の例として、アクリル酸又はメタクリル酸に由来する構造単位を挙げることができる。また、非イオン性の親水性基を含有する構造単位を挙げることができる。
親水性の官能基としては、水酸基、アミノ基、(窒素原子が無置換の)アミド基及び、後述するようなポリエチレンオキシド、ポリプロピレンオキシド等のアルキレンオキシド重合体が挙げられる。
親水性の官能基を有する(メタ)アクリレート類、(メタ)アクリルアミド類、ビニルエステル類の内、ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、ヒドロキシブチル(メタ)アクリレート、(メタ)アクリルアミド、アミノエチルアクリレート、アミノプロピルアクリレート、アルキレンオキシド重合体を含有する(メタ)アクリレートが特に好ましい。
前記アルキレンオキシド重合体構造のアルキレンとしては、親水性の観点から炭素数1~6が好ましく、炭素数2~6がより好ましく、炭素数2~4が特に好ましい。
また、前記アルキレンオキシド重合体構造の重合度としては、1~120が好ましく、1~60がより好ましく、1~30が特に好ましい。
本発明におけるビニルポリマーは、前述の通り、前記構造単位(a1)、前記構造単位
(a2)、及び前記構造単位(b)とは異なる構造を有する構造単位(c)(以下、単に「構造単位(c)」という。)を含有することもできる。
前記構造単位(c)の含有量は、ビニルポリマー全質量に対して、15質量%以上80質量%以下が好ましく、25質量%以上70質量%以下が好ましく、40質量%以上60質量%以下がより好ましい。
前記疎水性の構造単位を形成しうるモノマーとしては、入手性、取り扱い性、汎用性の観点から、ビニルモノマー類、((メタ)アクリルアミド類、スチレン類、ビニルエステル類等)が好ましい。
インクジェット記録用水性インク用として、より好ましくは、前記ビニルポリマーの前記構造単位(a)がシクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレートに由来の構造単位より選択される1種以上を総量でビニルポリマー全質量に対して5質量%以上93質量%未満で含み、前記構造単位(b)がアクリル酸又はメタクリル酸に由来の構造単位より選択される1種以上をビニルポリマー全質量に対して3質量%以上41質量%未満で含むものがより好ましい。
また、ビニルポリマーは、芳香族基を有する構造単位を実質的に有さない(具体的には、ビニルポリマー中、芳香族基を有する繰り返し単位の比率が好ましくは15質量%以下、より好ましくは10質量%以下、更に好ましくは5質量%以下、理想的には0質量%、すなわち、芳香族基を有する構造単位を有さない)ことが好ましい。
なお、ここでいう酸価とは、ビニルポリマーの1gを完全に中和するのに要するKOHの質量(mg)で定義され、JIS規格(JISK0070、1992)記載の方法により測定することができる。
前記分子量を上記範囲とすることにより、分散剤としての立体反発効果が良好な傾向となり、また立体効果により顔料への吸着に時間がかからなくなる傾向の観点から好ましい。
また、本発明で用いるビニルポリマーの分子量分布(質量平均分子量値/数平均分子量値で表される)は、1~6であることが好ましく、1~4であることがより好ましい。
前記分子量分布を上記範囲とすることは、インクの分散安定性、顔料分散体の凝集抑制の観点から好ましい。ここで数平均分子量及び、質量平均分子量は、TSKgel GMHxL、TSKgel G4000HxL、TSKgel G2000HxL(何れも東ソー(株)製の商品名)のカラムを使用したGPC分析装置により、溶媒THF、示差屈折計により検出し、標準物質としてポリスチレンを用い換算して表した分子量である。
重合の開始方法はラジカル開始剤を用いる方法、光又は放射線を照射する方法等がある。これらの重合方法、重合の開始方法は、例えば鶴田禎二「高分子合成方法」改定版(日刊工業新聞社刊、1971)や大津隆行、木下雅悦共著「高分子合成の実験法」化学同人、昭和47年刊、124~154頁に記載されている。
上記重合方法のうち、特にラジカル開始剤を用いた溶液重合法が好ましい。溶液重合法で用いられる溶剤は、例えば酢酸エチル、酢酸ブチル、アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、メチルi-ブチルケトン、シクロヘキサノン、テトラヒドロフラン、ジオキサン、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド、N,N-ジメチルアセトアミド、ベンゼン、トルエン、アセトニトリル、塩化メチレン、クロロホルム、ジクロロエタン、メタノール、エタノール、1-プロパノール、2-プロパノール、1-ブタノールのような種々の有機溶剤の単独あるいは2種以上の混合物でも良いし、水との混合溶媒としても良い。
重合温度は生成するポリマーの分子量、開始剤の種類などと関連して設定する必要があり、通常、0℃~100℃程度であるが、50~100℃の範囲で重合を行うことが好ましい。
反応圧力は、適宜選定可能であるが、通常は、1~100kg/cm2、特に、1~30kg/cm2程度が好ましい。反応時間は、5~30時間程度である。得られた樹脂は再沈殿などの精製を行っても良い。
本発明に用いられるアゾ顔料は、一般式(1)で表される。まず、下記一般式(1)で表されるアゾ顔料について説明する。
一般式(1)で表される化合物は、その特異的な構造により色素分子の分子間相互作用を形成しやすく、水又は有機溶媒等に対する溶解性が低く、アゾ顔料とすることができる。
顔料は、水や有機溶媒等に分子分散状態で溶解させて使用する染料とは異なり、媒体中に分子集合体等の固体粒子として微細に分散させて用いるものである。
料を表す。
詳細には、アルキル基としては、好ましくは、炭素数1から30のアルキル基、例えば、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、i-プロピル基、t-ブチル基、n-オクチル基、エイコシル基、2-クロロエチル基、2-シアノエチル基、2―エチルヘキシル基等が挙げられ、シクロアルキル基としては、好ましくは、炭素数3から30の置換又は無置換のシクロアルキル基、例えば、シクロヘキシル基、シクロペンチル基、4-n-ドデシルシクロヘキシル基等が挙げられ、ビシクロアルキル基としては、好ましくは、炭素数5から30の置換若しくは無置換のビシクロアルキル基、つまり、炭素数5から30のビシクロアルカンから水素原子を一個取り去った一価の基、例えば、ビシクロ[1,2,2]ヘプタン-2-イル基、ビシクロ[2,2,2]オクタン-3-イル基等が挙げられる。
中でも(a)~(f)又は(j)が好ましく、更に(a)、(b)、(c)、(e)、(j)で表される複素環であることが好ましく、特に(a)、(c)で表される複素環であることが好ましく、(a)が色相、着色力、画像堅牢性の点から最も好ましい。なお、下記一般式(a)~(j)において、「*」は一般式(1)におけるアゾ基との結合位置を表す。
より好ましくは、総炭素数5以下のアルコキシ基、アミノ基(-NH2基)、総炭素数5以下のアルキルアミノ基である。Wが総炭素数5以下のアルコキシ基、アミノ基、総炭素数5以下のアルキルアミノ基の場合、良好な色相、高い堅牢性(耐光・ガス・熱・水・薬品)の点で好ましい。
色相、光堅牢性、耐溶剤性の点から特に好ましくは、総炭素数3以下のアルコキシ基、アミノ基(-NH2基)、総炭素数3以下のアルキルアミノ基であり、その中でも特にメトキシ基(-OCH3基)又はエトキシ基(-OC2H5基)、アミノ基が好ましく、良好な色相と光堅牢性向上の点からメトキシ基が最も好ましい。
アルキルチオ基としては、好ましくは、炭素数1から30の置換若しくは無置換のアルキルチオ基、例えば、メチルチオ基、エチルチオ基、n-ヘキサデシルチオ基等が挙げられる。
より好ましくは、総炭素数5以下のアルコキシ基、アミノ基(-NH2基)、総炭素数5以下のアルキルアミノ基である。Wが総炭素数5以下のアルコキシ基、アミノ基、総炭素数5以下のアルキルアミノ基の場合、良好な色相、高い堅牢性(耐光・ガス・熱・水・薬品)の点で好ましい。
色相、光堅牢性、耐溶剤性の点から特に好ましくは、総炭素数3以下のアルコキシ基、アミノ基(-NH2基)、総炭素数3以下のアルキルアミノ基であり、その中でも特にメトキシ基(-OCH3基)又はエトキシ基(-OC2H5基)が好ましく、良好な色相と光堅牢性向上の点からメトキシ基が最も好ましい。
より好ましくは、総炭素数5以下のアルコキシ基、アミノ基(-NH2基)、総炭素数5以下のアルキルアミノ基である。Wが総炭素数5以下のアルコキシ基、アミノ基、総炭素数5以下のアルキルアミノ基の場合、良好な色相、高い堅牢性(耐光・ガス・熱・水・薬品)の点で好ましい。
色相、光堅牢性、耐溶剤性の点から特に好ましくは、総炭素数3以下のアルコキシ基、アミノ基(-NH2基)、総炭素数3以下のアルキルアミノ基であり、その中でも特にメトキシ基(-OCH3基)又はエトキシ基(-OC2H5基)が好ましく、良好な色相と光堅牢性向上の点からメトキシ基が最も好ましい。
より好ましくは総炭素数6以下のアルキル基、総炭素数6以下のシクロアルキル基、総炭素数12以下のアラルキル基、総炭素数12以下のアルケニル基、総炭素数12以下のアルキニル基、総炭素数18以下のアリール基又は総炭素数12以下の複素環基を表す。
更に好ましくは、水素原子、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、i-プロピル基、t-ブチル基、シクロプロピル基、ベンジル基、2-フェネチル基、ビニル基、アリル基、エチニル基若しくはプロパルギル基、ベンジル基、2-フェネチル基、フェニル基、p-トリル基、ナフチル基、ピリジル基、ピリミジニル基、ピラジニル基を表す。
特に水素原子、メチル基、フェニル基、ピリジル基、ピリミジニル基、ピラジニル基が好ましく、その中でも、メチル基、2-ピリジル基、2,6-ピリミジニル基、2,5-ピラジニル基が好ましく、メチル基であることが最も好ましい。
G1、G2はそれぞれ独立に、前記一般式(3)中のGと同義である。
R11、R12はそれぞれ独立に、前記一般式(3)中のR1と同義である。
W1、W2はそれぞれ独立に、前記一般式(3)中のWと同義である。
Y1、Y2はそれぞれ独立に、前記一般式(3)中のYと同義である。
Zは、前記一般式(3)中のR2が二価の置換基を表す場合と同義である。
G1、G2はそれぞれ独立に、前記一般式(3)中のGと同義である。
R11、R12はそれぞれ独立に、前記一般式(3)中のR1と同義である。
W1、W2はそれぞれ独立に、前記一般式(3)中のWと同義である。
Z1、Z2はそれぞれ独立に、前記一般式(3)中のR2と同義である。
Yは、前記一般式(3)中のYが二価の置換基を表す場合と同義である。
G1、G2はそれぞれ独立に、前記一般式(3)中のGと同義である。
R11、R12はそれぞれ独立に、前記一般式(3)中のR1と同義である。
W1、W2はそれぞれ独立に、前記一般式(3)中のWと同義である。
Y1、Y2はそれぞれ独立に、前記一般式(3)中のYと同義である。
Z1、Z2はそれぞれ独立に、前記一般式(3)中のR2と同義である。
Xは、前記一般式(3)中のX1又はX2が二価の置換基を表す場合と同義である。
G1、G2はそれぞれ独立に、前記一般式(3)中のGと同義である。
R11、R12はそれぞれ独立に、前記一般式(3)中のR1と同義である。
Y1、Y2はそれぞれ独立に、前記一般式(3)中のYと同義である。
Z1、Z2はそれぞれ独立に、前記一般式(3)中のR2と同義である。
Wは、前記一般式(3)中のWが二価の置換基を表す場合と同義である。
G1、G2はそれぞれ独立に、前記一般式(3)中のGと同義である。
W1、W2はそれぞれ独立に、前記一般式(3)中のWと同義である。
Y1、Y2はそれぞれ独立に、前記一般式(3)中のYと同義である。
Z1、Z2はそれぞれ独立に、前記一般式(3)中のR2と同義である。
Rは、前記一般式(3)中のR1が二価の置換基を表す場合と同義である。
R11、R12はそれぞれ独立に、前記一般式(3)中のR1と同義である。
W1、W2はそれぞれ独立に、前記一般式(3)中のWと同義である。
Y1、Y2はそれぞれ独立に、前記一般式(3)中のYと同義である。
Z1、Z2はそれぞれ独立に、前記一般式(3)中のR2と同義である。
Gは、前記一般式(3)中のGが二価の置換基を表す場合と同義である。
一般式(1)は、化学構造上取りうる数種の互変異性体の中から極限構造式の形で示しているが、記載された構造以外の互変異性体であってもよく、複数の互変異性体を含有した混合物として用いても良い。
例えば、一般式(4)で表される顔料には、下記一般式(4’)で表されるアゾ-ヒドラゾンの互変異性体が考えられる。
本発明は、一般式(4)で表されるアゾ顔料の互変異性体である以下の一般式(4’)で表される化合物もその範囲に含むものである。
上記一般式(11)中のG、R1、R2、W及びYは、上記一般式(3)中のG、R1、R2、W及びYと同義である。
X11、X12はそれぞれ独立に上記一般式(4)中のZが構成する複素環を表し、Het.が構成する複素環中のそれぞれヘテロ原子を表す。
G1、G2及びG3、はそれぞれ独立に上記一般式(3)中のGと同義である。
W1、W2及びW3は、それぞれ独立に上記一般式(3)中のWと同義である。
Y1、Y2及びY3は、それぞれ独立に上記一般式(3)中のYと同義である。
R11、R12、R13は、それぞれ独立に上記一般式(3)中のR1と同義である。
X11、X12及びX13はそれぞれ独立に上記一般式(3)中のR2が3価の複素環を表す場合と同義であり、Het.が構成する複素環中のそれぞれヘテロ原子を表す。
また、本発明において、一般式(1)で表されるアゾ顔料は、分子内水素結合又は分子内交叉水素結合を形成する置換基を有することが好ましい。少なくとも1個以上の分子内交叉水素結合を形成する置換基を有することが好ましく、少なくとも3個以上の分子内水素結合を形成する置換基を有することがより好ましく、少なくとも3個以上の分子内水素結合を形成する置換基を有し、かつ、それらの水素結合の少なくとも2個が分子内交叉水素結合を形成する置換基を有する場合が特に好ましい。
この構造が好ましい要因としては、上記一般式(10)及び(11)で示すようにアゾ顔料構造に含有する複素環基を構成する窒素原子、アミノ基の水素原子及びヘテロ原子(アゾ基又はその互変異性体であるヒドラゾン基の窒素原子とカルボニル基の酸素原子又はアミノ基の窒素原子)が少なくとも1個以上の分子内の交叉水素結合を容易に形成し易いことが挙げられる。
更に好ましくは、上記一般式(12)及び(13)で示すようにアゾ顔料構造に含有する複素環基を構成する窒素原子、アミノ基の水素原子及びヘテロ原子(アゾ基又はその互変異性体であるヒドラゾン基の窒素原子とカルボニル基の酸素原子又はアミノ基の窒素原子)が少なくとも4個以上の分子内水素結合を容易に形成し易く、かつ、少なくとも2個以上の分子内の交叉水素結合を容易に形成し易いことが挙げられる。
その結果、分子の平面性が上がり、更に分子内・分子間相互作用が向上し、例えば一般式(12)で表されるアゾ顔料の結晶性が高くなり(高次構造を形成し易くなり)、顔料としての要求性能である、光堅牢性、熱安定性、湿熱安定性、耐水性、耐ガス性及び又は耐溶剤性が大幅に向上するため、最も好ましい例となる。
本発明の一般式(1)~(4)で表される顔料に結晶多形が存在する場合、どの多形であってもよく、また2種以上の多形の混合物であっても良いが、結晶型が単一のものを主成分とすることが好ましい。すなわち結晶多が混入していないものが好ましく、単一の結晶型を有するアゾ顔料の含有量はアゾ顔料全体に対し70%~100%、好ましくは80%~100%、より好ましくは90%~100%、更に好ましくは95%~100%、特に好ましくは100%である。単一の結晶型を有するアゾ顔料を主成分とすることで、色素分子の配列に対して規則性が向上し、分子内・分子間相互作用が強まり高次な3次元ネットワークを形成しやすくなる。その結果として色相の向上・光堅牢性・熱堅牢性・湿度堅牢性・酸化性ガス堅牢性及び耐溶剤性等、顔料に要求される性能の点で好ましい。
アゾ顔料における結晶多形の混合比は、単結晶X線結晶構造解析、粉末X線回折(XRD)、結晶の顕微鏡写真(TEM)、IR(KBr法)等の固体の物理化学的測定値から確認できる。
上記一般式(B)で表される化合物は、国際公開第06/082669号や特開2006-57076号公報に記載の方法、及び、それに準じた方法で製造することができる。
上記一般式(A)で表される複素環アミンのジアゾニウム化反応は、例えば、硫酸、リン酸、酢酸、塩酸、メタンスルホン酸などの酸性溶媒中、亜硝酸ナトリウム、ニトロシル硫酸、亜硝酸イソアミル等の試薬を15℃以下の温度で10分~6時間程度反応させることで行うことができる。
カップリング反応は、上述の方法で得られたジアゾニウム塩と上記一般式(B)で表される化合物とを40℃以下、好ましくは、25℃以下で10分~12時間程度反応させることで行うことができる。
このようにして反応させたものは、結晶が析出しているものもあるが、一般的には反応液に水、あるいはアルコール系溶媒を添加し、結晶を析出させ、結晶を濾取することができる。また、反応液にアルコール系溶媒、水等を添加して結晶を析出させて、析出した結晶を濾取することができる。濾取した結晶を必要に応じて洗浄・乾燥して、一般式(1)で表されるアゾ顔料を得ることができる。
溶媒加熱処理に使用される溶媒としては、例えば、水、トルエン、キシレン等の芳香族炭化水素系溶媒、クロロベンゼン、o-ジクロロベンゼン等のハロゲン化炭化水素系溶媒、i-プロパノール、i-ブタノール等のアルコール系溶媒、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド、N,N-ジメチルアセトアミド、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン等の極性非プロトン性有機溶媒、氷酢酸、ピリジン、又はこれらの混合物等が挙げられる。上記で挙げた溶媒に、更に無機又は有機の酸又は塩基を加えても良い。溶媒加熱処理の温度は所望する顔料の一次粒子径の大きさによって異なるが、40~150℃が好ましく、60~100℃が更に好ましい。また、処理時間は、30分~24時間が好ましい。
本発明におけるビニルポリマー粒子は、前記一般式(1)で表されるアゾ顔料、その互変異性体、それらの塩、それらの水和物又はそれらの溶媒和物、及びポリマー主鎖に連結基を介して結合した非芳香族脂環式基を有する構造単位(a)と、親水性基を有する構造単位(b)とを含むビニルポリマー(以下「樹脂」又は「特定樹脂」ともいう)を含有する。
本発明における顔料を含有するビニルポリマー粒子は、特定樹脂及び顔料等を用いて従来の物理的、化学的方法によって製造することができる。例えば、特開平9-151342号、特開平10-140065号、特開平11-209672号、特開平11-172180号、特開平10-25440号、又は特開平11-43636号の各公報に記載の方法により製造することができる。具体的には、特開平9-151342号及び特開平10-140065号の各公報に記載の転相法と酸析法等が挙げられ、中でも、分散安定性の点で転相法が好ましい。
転相法は、基本的には、自己分散能又は溶解能を有する樹脂と顔料との混合溶融物を水に分散させる自己分散(転相乳化)させる方法であり、顔料を含有するビニルポリマー粒子を得ることができる。ここで、混合溶融物とは、溶解せず混合した状態、溶解して混合した状態、又はこれら両者の状態のいずれの状態を含むものをいう。「転相法」のより具体的な製造方法は、特開平10-140065号に記載の方法が挙げられる。
b)酸析法
酸析法は、樹脂と顔料とからなる含水ケーキを用意し、その含水ケーキ中の、樹脂が有するアニオン性基の一部又は全部を、塩基性化合物を用いて中和することによって、顔料を含有するビニルポリマー粒子を製造する方法である。
酸析法は、具体的には、(1)樹脂と顔料とをアルカリ性水性媒体中に分散し、必要に応じて加熱処理を行なって樹脂のゲル化を図る工程と、(2)pHを中性又は酸性にすることによって樹脂を疎水化して、樹脂を顔料に強く固着する工程と、(3)必要に応じて、濾過及び水洗を行って含水ケーキを得る工程と、(4)含水ケーキを中の、樹脂が有するアニオン性基の一部又は全部を、塩基性化合物を用いて中和し、その後、水性媒体中に再分散する工程と、(5)必要に応じて加熱処理を行い、樹脂のゲル化を図る工程と、を含む方法がある。
工程(1):既述の本発明における特定樹脂、有機溶媒、中和剤、顔料、及び水を含有する混合物を攪拌等により分散して分散体を得る工程
工程(2):前記分散体から前記有機溶媒を除去する工程
前記アルコール系溶媒としては、i-プロピルアルコール、n-ブタノール、t-ブタノール、エタノール等が挙げられる。前記ケトン系溶媒としては、アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、ジエチルケトン、メチルi-ブチルケトン等が挙げられる。前記エーテル系溶媒としては、ジブチルエーテル、ジオキサン等が挙げられる。これらの溶媒の中では、メチルエチルケトン等のケトン系溶媒とi-プロピルアルコール等のアルコール系溶媒が好ましく、メチルエチルケトンが最も好ましい。
なお、より具体的には、特開平11-2096722号公報及び特開平11-172180号の記載を参照することができる。
顔料を含有するビニルポリマー粒子の累積体積95%となる粒子径及び粒径分布は、ナノトラック粒度分布測定装置UPA-EX150(日機装(株)製)を用いて、動的光散乱法により体積平均粒径を測定することにより求められるものである。
本発明のインクジェット記録用水性インクは水溶性媒体を必須成分として含む。水溶性媒体としては、水溶性有機溶剤が挙げられる。水溶性有機溶剤は乾燥防止剤、湿潤剤あるいは浸透促進剤の目的で使用される。
ノズルのインク噴射口において該インクジェット用インクが乾燥することによる目詰まりを防止する目的で乾燥防止剤が用いられ、乾燥防止剤や湿潤剤としては、水より蒸気圧の低い水溶性有機溶剤が好ましい。また、インクジェット用インクを紙により良く浸透させる目的で浸透促進剤として、水溶性有機溶剤が好適に使用される。
水溶性媒体の含有量としては、インクの全質量に対して5質量%以上60質量%以下、好ましくは、10質量%以上40質量%以下で使用される。
本発明に使用される水の添加量は特に制限は無いが、インクの全質量に対して好ましくは、10質量%以上99質量%以下であり、より好ましくは、30質量%以上80質量%以下である。更に好ましくは、50質量%以上70質量%以下である。
本発明のインクには、表面張力調整剤を含有することが好ましい。表面張力調整剤としてはノニオン、カチオン、アニオン、ベタイン界面活性剤が挙げられる。表面張力の調整剤の添加量は、インクジェットで良好に打滴するために、本発明のインクの表面張力を20~60mN/mに調整する量が好ましく、より好ましくは20~45mN/m、更に好ましくは25~40mN/mに調整できる量である。
本発明における界面活性剤としては、分子内に親水部と疎水部を合わせ持つ構造を有する化合物等が有効に使用することができ、アニオン性界面活性剤、カチオン性界面活性剤、両性界面活性剤、ノニオン性界面活性剤のいずれも使用することができる。更には、上記高分子物質(高分子分散剤)を界面活性剤としても使用することもできる。
ノニオン性界面活性剤の具体例としては、例えば、ポリオキシエチレンラウリルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンオクチルフェニルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンオレイルフェニルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンノニルフェニルエーテル、オキシエチレン・オキシプロピレンブロックコポリマー、t-オクチルフェノキシエチルポリエトキシエタノール、ノニルフェノキシエチルポリエトキシエタノール等が挙げられ、これらの1種、又は2種以上を選択することができる。
カチオン性界面活性剤としては、テトラアルキルアンモニウム塩、アルキルアミン塩、ベンザルコニウム塩、アルキルピリジウム塩、イミダゾリウム塩等が挙げられ、具体的には、例えば、ジヒドロキシエチルステアリルアミン、2-ヘプタデセニル-ヒドロキシエチルイミダゾリン、ラウリルジメチルベンジルアンモニウムクロライド、セチルピリジニウムクロライド、ステアラミドメチルピリジウムクロライド等が挙げられる。
本発明におけるインクジェット用液体組成物に添加する界面活性剤の量は、特に限定されるものではないが、1質量%以上であることが好ましく、より好ましくは1~10質量%、更に好ましくは1~3質量%である。
本発明のインクには、その他の添加剤を含有してもよい。その他の添加剤としては、例えば、紫外線吸収剤、褪色防止剤、防黴剤、pH調整剤、防錆剤、酸化防止剤、乳化安定剤、防腐剤、消泡剤、粘度調整剤、分散安定剤、キレート剤等の公知の添加剤が挙げられる。
本発明のインクには樹脂微粒子あるいはポリマーラテックスを含有してもよい。樹脂微粒子あるいはポリマーラテックスとしては、アクリル系樹脂、酢酸ビニル系樹脂、スチレン-ブタジエン系樹脂、塩化ビニル系樹脂、アクリル-スチレン系樹脂、ブタジエン系樹脂、スチレン系樹脂、架橋アクリル樹脂、架橋スチレン系樹脂、ベンゾグアナミン樹脂、フェノール樹脂、シリコーン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ウレタン系樹脂、パラフィン系樹脂、フッ素系樹脂等を用いることができる。アクリル系樹脂、アクリル-スチレン系樹脂、スチレン系樹脂、架橋アクリル樹脂、架橋スチレン系樹脂を好ましい例として挙げることができる。
樹脂微粒子の好ましい例として、自己分散性ポリマー微粒子を挙げることができる。自己分散性ポリマー微粒子とは、他の界面活性剤の不存在下に、ポリマー自身が有する官能基(特に、酸性基又はその塩)によって、水性媒体中で分散状態となりうる高分子ポリマーであって、遊離の乳化剤を含有しない高分子ポリマーの微粒子を意味する。ここで分散状態とは、水性媒体中に高分子ポリマーが液体状態で分散された乳化状態(エマルジョン)、及び、水性媒体中に高分子ポリマーが固体状態で分散された分散状態(サスペンジョン)の両方の状態を含むものである。本発明では高分子ポリマーが固体状態で分散された分散状態となりうる高分子ポリマーであることが好ましい。
本発明で好ましく用いられる自己分散性ポリマー微粒子は、自己分散性の観点から、親水性の構成単位と芳香族基含有モノマーに由来する構成単位とを含む高分子ポリマーを含むことが好ましい。
不飽和カルボン酸モノマーとして具体的には、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、クロトン酸、イタコン酸、マレイン酸、フマル酸、シトラコン酸、2-メタクリロイルオキシメチルコハク酸等が挙げられる。不飽和スルホン酸モノマーとして具体的には、スチレンスルホン酸、2-アクリルアミド-2-メチルプロパンスルホン酸、3-スルホプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、ビス-(3-スルホプロピル)-イタコン酸エステル等が挙げられる。不飽和リン酸モノマーとして具体的には、ビニルホスホン酸、ビニルホスフェート、ビス(メタクリロキシエチル)ホスフェート、ジフェニル-2-アクリロイロキシエチルホスフェート、ジフェニル-2-メタクリロイロキシエチルホスフェート、ジブチル-2-アクリロイロキシエチルホスフェート等が挙げられる。分散安定性、吐出安定性の観点から、不飽和カルボン酸モノマーが好ましく、アクリル酸及びメタクリル酸がより好ましい。
芳香族基含有モノマーは、芳香族炭化水素に由来する芳香族基とエチレン性不飽和結合とを有するモノマーであることが好ましく、芳香族基含有(メタ)アクリレートモノマーであることがより好ましい。前記芳香族基含有モノマーとしては、例えば、フェノキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、ベンジル(メタ)アクリレート、フェニル(メタ)アクリレート、スチレン系モノマー等が挙げられる。中でも、ポリマー鎖の親水性と疎水性のバランスとインク定着性の観点から、フェノキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、ベンジル(メタ)アクリレート、及びフェニル(メタ)アクリレートから選ばれる少なくとも1種であることが好ましく、フェノキシエチル(メタ)アクリレートであることがより好ましく、フェノキシエチルアクリレートであることが特に好ましい。
自己分散性ポリマー微粒子は、例えば、芳香族基含有モノマーからなる構成単位と、解離性基含有モノマーからなる構成単位とから構成することができるが、必要に応じて、その他の構成単位を更に含んで構成することができる。
前記アルキル基含有モノマーとしては、例えば、メチル(メタ)アクリレート、エチル(メタ)アクリレート、i-プロピル(メタ)アクリレート、n-プロピル(メタ)アクリレート、n-ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、i-ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、t-ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、ヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、エチルヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート等のアルキル(メタ)アクリレート;ヒドロキシメチル(メタ)アクリレート、2-ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、2-ヒドロキシプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、4-ヒドロキシブチル(メタ)アクリレート、ヒドロキシペンチル(メタ)アクリレート、ヒドロキシヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート等の水酸基を有するエチレン性不飽和モノマー;ジメチルアミノエチル(メタ)アクリレート等のジアルキルアミノアルキル(メタ)アクリレート;N-ヒドロキシメチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、Nーヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、N-ヒドロキシブチル(メタ)アクリルアミド等のN-ヒドロキシアルキル(メタ)アクリルアミド;N-メトキシメチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、N-エトキシメチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、N-(n-,i-)ブトキシメチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、N-メトキシエチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、N-エトキシエチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、N-(n-、i-)ブトキシエチル(メタ)アクリルアミド等のN-アルコキシアルキル(メタ)アクリルアミド等の(メタ)アクリルアミド等が挙げられる。
本発明における自己分散性ポリマー微粒子を構成する高分子ポリマーの分子量範囲は、重量平均分子量で、3000~20万であることが好ましく、5000~15万であることがより好ましく、10000~10万であることが更に好ましい。重量平均分子量を3000以上とすることで水溶性成分量を効果的に抑制することができる。また、重量平均分子量を20万以下とすることで、自己分散安定性を高めることができる。
自己分散性ポリマー微粒子を構成する高分子ポリマーは、ポリマーの親疎水性制御の観点から、芳香族基含有(メタ)アクリレートモノマーを共重合比率として15~90質量%とカルボキシル基含有モノマーとアルキル基含有モノマーとを含み、酸価が25~100であって、重量平均分子量が3000~20万であることが好ましく、芳香族基含有(メタ)アクリレートモノマーを共重合比率として15~80質量%とカルボキシル基含有モノマーとアルキル基含有モノマーとを含み、酸価が25~95であって、重量平均分子量が5000~15万であることがより好ましい。
自己分散性ポリマー微粒子の平均粒径は、10nm~1μmの範囲が好ましく、10~200nmの範囲がより好ましく、20~100nmの範囲が更に好ましく、20~50nmの範囲が特に好ましい。
自己分散性ポリマー微粒子の添加量はインクに対して、0.5~20質量%が好ましく、3~20質量%がより好ましく、5~15質量%が更に好ましい。
自己分散性ポリマー微粒子のガラス転移温度Tgは30℃以上であることが好ましく、40℃以上がより好ましく、50℃以上が更に好ましい。
また、ポリマー粒子の粒径分布に関しては、特に制限は無く、広い粒径分布を持つもの、又は単分散の粒径分布を持つもの、いずれでもよい。また、単分散の粒径分布を持つポリマー微粒子を、2種以上混合して使用してもよい。
本発明には、プリント性を向上させる液体組成物を印字媒体に付与することが好ましい例として挙げることができる。
本発明に用いることができるプリント性を向上させる液体組成物の好ましい一例として、インクのpHを変化させることにより凝集物を生じさせる液体組成物を挙げることができる。このとき、液体組成物のpHは1.0~9.0であることが好ましく、pHは2.0~9.0であることがより好ましく、pHは3.0~8.5であることが更に好ましい。液体組成物の成分として、ポリアクリル酸、酢酸、グリコール酸、マロン酸、リンゴ酸、マレイン酸、アスコルビン酸、コハク酸、グルタル酸、フマル酸、クエン酸、酒石酸、乳酸、スルホン酸、オルトリン酸、ピロリドンカルボン酸、ピロンカルボン酸、ピロールカルボン酸、フランカルボン酸、ビリジンカルボン酸、クマリン酸、チオフェンカルボン酸、ニコチン酸、若しくはこれらの化合物の誘導体、又はこれらの塩等の中から選ばれることが好ましい。これらの化合物は、1種類で使用されてもよく、2種類以上併用されてもよい。
本発明のインクの表面張力は、20mN/m以上60mN/m以下であることが好ましい。より好ましくは、20mN以上45mN/m以下であり、更に好ましくは、25mN/m以上40mN/m以下である。
本発明のインクの20℃での粘度は、1.2mPa・s以上15.0mPa・s以下であることが好ましく、より好ましくは2mPa・s以上13mPa・s未満、更に好ましくは2.5mPa・s以上10mPa・s未満である。
本発明に好ましいインクジェット記録方法として、インクジェット記録用インクにエネルギーを供与して、公知の受像材料、即ち普通紙、樹脂コート紙、例えば特開平8-169172号公報、同8-27693号公報、同2-276670号公報、同7-276789号公報、同9-323475号公報、特開昭62-238783号公報、特開平10-153989号公報、同10-217473号公報、同10-235995号公報、同10-337947号公報、同10-217597号公報、同10-337947号公報等に記載されているインクジェット専用紙、フィルム、電子写真共用紙、布帛、ガラス、金属、陶磁器等に画像を形成する。なお、本発明に好ましいインクジェット記録方法として特開2003-306623号公報の段落番号0093~0105の記載が適用できる。
本発明のアゾ顔料は、下記顔料の合成例1で説明するPig.-1の合成方法に準じて合成することが可能である。
(顔料の合成)例示化合物(Pig.-1)の合成
例示化合物(Pig.-1)の合成スキームを下記に示す。
シアノ酢酸メチル29.7g(0.3モル)にオルトギ酸トリメチル42.4g(0.4モル)、無水酢酸20.4g(0.2モル)、p-トルエンスルホン酸0.5gを加えて110℃(外温)に加熱し、反応系から生じる低沸点成分を留去しながら20時間攪拌した。この反応液を減圧濃縮した後、シリカゲルカラム精製を行い前記中間体(a)を14.1g(黄色粉末、収率30%)で得た。得られた中間体(a)のNMR測定結果は以下の通りである。1H-NMR(300MHz、CDCl3)7.96(s,1H),4.15(s,3H),3.81(s,3H)
メチルヒドラジン7.4mL(141ミリモル)にi-プロパノール150mLを加えて15℃(内温)に冷却し、この混合液に中間体(a)7.0g(49.6ミリモル)を徐々に添加した後、50℃に加熱して1時間40分攪拌した。この反応液を減圧濃縮した後、シリカゲルカラム精製を行い前記中間体(b)を10.5g(白色粉末、収率50%)で得た。得られた中間体(b)のNMR測定結果は以下の通りである。1H-NMR(300MHz、CDCl3)7.60(s,1H),4.95(brs,2H),3.80(s,3H),3.60(s,3H)
ヒドラジン1水和物130mLにメタノール100mLを加えて10℃(内温)に冷却し、この混合液に4,6-ジクロロピリミジン50.0g(336ミリモル)を徐々に添加(内温20℃以下)した後、50℃に加熱して4時間30分攪拌した。反応液から析出した結晶をろ取、i-プロパノールでかけ洗い後、乾燥を行い前記中間体(c)を43.1g(白色粉末、収率92%)で得た。得られた中間体(c)のNMR測定結果は以下の通りである。1H-NMR(300MHz、d-DMSO)7.82(s,1H),7.55(s,2H),5.96(s,1H),4.12(s,4H)
中間体(c)35.0g(0.25モル)、ピバロイルアセトニトリル68.8g(0.55モル)に水900mLを加えて室温で攪拌した。この懸濁液に1M塩酸水をpH3になるように滴下した後、50℃に加熱して8時間攪拌した。この反応液に8M水酸化カリウム水溶液を滴下してpH8に調整して、更に1M塩酸水を滴下してpH6に調整して析出した結晶をろ取、i-プロパノールでかけ洗い後、乾燥を行い前記中間体(d)を83.0g(白色粉末、収率94%)で得た。得られた中間体(d)のNMR測定結果は以下の通りである。1H-NMR(300MHz、d-DMSO)8.73(s,1H),7.97(s,1H),6.88(s,4H),5.35(s,2H),1.22(s,18H)
濃硫酸4.1mLに酢酸18.5mLを加えて氷冷で攪拌し、40%ニトロシル硫酸3.85g(12.1ミリモル)を滴下した。この混合液に中間体(b)1.71g(11.0ミリモル)を徐々に添加(内温0℃以下)した後、0℃で2時間攪拌した。この反応液に尿素150mgを添加し、更に0℃で15分攪拌して、ジアゾ液Aを調製した。
中間体(d)1.89g(5.3ミリモル)にメタノール50mLを加えて加熱溶解させた後、氷冷で攪拌した混合液に前記ジアゾ液Aをゆっくり滴下した(内温10℃以下)。この反応液を室温で2時間攪拌した後、析出した結晶をろ取、メタノールでかけ洗いして前記例示化合物(Pig.-1)の粗結晶を得た。更に前記粗結晶に水を加えて攪拌した後、この懸濁液を水酸化ナトリウム水溶液でpH7に調整し、更にジメチルアセトアミド20mLを加えて、80℃で2時間攪拌した。析出した結晶をろ取、更にメタノールで懸濁洗浄し得られた結晶をろ取、乾燥して例示化合物(Pig.-1)を2.0g(黄色粉末、収率79%)で得た。
(ビニルポリマーの合成)
下記モノマー組成の成分を全量が100質量部になるように混合し、更に重合開始剤として2,2’-アゾビス(2,4-ジメチルバレロニトリル)1質量部添加し、窒素ガス置換を十分に行い、合成混合液を得た。
アクリル酸 3質量部
メタクリル酸 5質量部
2-メルカプトエタノール 0.1質量部
(実験番号101)
得られた50%ビニルポリマー溶液10質量部に5mol/L水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を加えて中和した。なお、ビニルポリマーのメタクリル酸及びアクリル酸を完全中和するアルカリ量を添加した。本発明の顔料例示化合物(Pig.-1)10質量部を加え、ロールミルで必要に応じて2~8時間混練した。混練物をイオン交換水100質量部に分散した。得られた分散物から減圧下、55℃で有機溶媒を完全に除去し、更に水を除去することにより濃縮し、固形分濃度が15質量%の顔料含有ビニルポリマー粒子の水分散体を得た。
顔料の種類、及び、ビニルポリマーの種類を、表1~7に置き換えた以外は、実験番号101と同様に、実験番号102~383の顔料含有ビニルポリマー粒子の水分散体を得た。ここで、顔料及びビニルポリマーは、それぞれ、上記[合成例1]と同様の手法で合成した。
なお、表2においては、主として、本発明の顔料の種類を変更して評価したものである。表3においては、主として、ビニルポリマーの重合平均分子量の酸価の依存性を評価したものである。表4においては、主として、本発明のビニルポリマーの種類を変更して評価したものである。
表1~7に示す顔料含有ビニルポリマー粒子の水分散体をPET製容器に密栓し70℃環境下に7日間経時した。加熱前後で累積体積が95%となる粒子径:D95をナノトラック粒度分布測定装置UPA-EX150(日機装(株)製)を用いて測定した。評価の基準を以下に示す。
A・・・加熱前の累積体積が95%となる粒子径:D95が230nm未満で、かつ加熱前後のD95の差が50nm未満のサンプル
B・・・加熱前の累積体積が95%となる粒子径:D95が230nm以上280nm未満で、かつ加熱前後のD95の差が50nm未満のサンプル
C・・・加熱前の累積体積が95%となる粒子径:D95が230nm未満で、かつ加熱前後のD95の差が50以上80nm未満のサンプル
D・・・加熱前の累積体積が95%となる粒子径:D95が230nm以上280nm未満で、かつ加熱前後のD95の差が50nm以上80nm未満のサンプル
E・・・AからDの範囲外に該当するサンプル
上記の基準に従い評価後、A,B,C,D,Eの順で熱時安定性が悪化し、評価がEの分散体は好ましくないと判断した。
(自己分散性ポリマー微粒子の調製)
攪拌機、温度計、還流冷却管、及び窒素ガス導入管を備えた2リットル三口フラスコに、メチルエチルケトン350.0gを仕込んで、75℃まで昇温した。反応容器内温度を75℃に保ちながら、フェノキシエチルアクリレート162.0g、メチルメタクリレート180.0g、アクリル酸18.0g、メチルエチルケトン70g、及び「V-601」(和光純薬(株)製)1.44gからなる混合溶液を、2時間で滴下が完了するように等速で滴下した。滴下完了後、「V-601」0.72g、メチルエチルケトン36.0gからなる溶液を加え、75℃で2時間攪拌後、更に「V-601」0.72g、i-プロパノール36.0gからなる溶液を加え、75℃で2時間攪拌した後、85℃に昇温して、更に2時間攪拌を続けた。得られた共重合体の重量平均分子量(Mw)は64000(ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー(GPC)によりポリスチレン換算で算出、使用カラムはTSKgel SuperHZM-H、TSKgel SuperHZ4000、TSKgel SuperHZ200(東ソー社製))、酸価は38.9(mgKOH/g)であった。
次に、重合溶液668.3gを秤量し、i-プロパノール388.3g、1mol/L NaOH水溶液145.7mlを加え、反応容器内温度を80℃に昇温した。次に蒸留水720.1gを20ml/minの速度で滴下し、水分散化せしめた。その後、大気圧下にて反応容器内温度80℃で2時間、85℃で2時間、90℃で2時間保った後、反応容器内を減圧にし、i-プロパノール、メチルエチルケトン、蒸留水を合計で913.7g留去し、固形分濃度28.0質量%の自己分散性ポリマー微粒子(B-01)の水分散物(エマルジョン)を得た。
25質量部
グリセリン 5質量部
ジエチレングリコール 5質量部
トリエチレングリコールモノブチルエーテル 5質量部
ポリオキシプロピレングリセリルエーテル 10質量部
ジプロピレングリコール 5質量部
トリエタノールアミン 1質量部
オルフィンE1010(日信化学工業(株)製) 1質量部
自己分散性ポリマー微粒子(B-01)の水分散物 15質量部
イオン交換水 28質量部
上記を混合しインク組成物を得た。
東亜DKK(株)製pHメータ-WM-50EGにて、インク組成物のpHを測定したところ、pHは8.5であった。
実施例1の顔料分散体(実験番号101)から得られた上記のインク組成物(インクジェット記録用水性インク)をPET製容器に密栓し58℃環境下に4週間経時した。次いで、インクジェット記録装置として、富士フイルムDimatix社製DMP-2831プリンターを用い、富士フイルム社製画彩写真仕上げProに印画した。なお、印画サンプルには、R値、G値、B値で表現できるベタ印字サンプルを用い、表8に示したRGBの設定で印字した。
評価の基準は、印字部分の任意の3箇所の印字濃度の最大値と最小値の差が、0~0.15を○、0.16~0.30を△、0.31以上の場合を×、任意の3点の少なくとも1点において印字濃度が1.5以下を記録した場合はいかなる場合においても×とした。
上記で作成したインク組成物を富士フイルムDimatix社製DMP-2831プリンターを用い、受像シートには、紙aとしてEPSON 写真用紙<光沢>と、紙bとして写真用紙クリスピア<高光沢>、紙cとしてCanon社製PR101を、紙dとしてHewlett-Packard社製アドバンストフォトペーパーを、紙eとして富士フイルム株式会社製画彩を使用し、階段状に濃度が変化した単色画像パターンをPM-G800にて印字させ、画像堅牢性の評価を行った。
結果を表9に示す。
本出願は、2009年9月4日出願の日本出願(特願2009-205360)に基づくものであり、その内容はここに参照として取り込まれる。
Claims (17)
- A及びBを含有するビニルポリマー粒子の顔料分散体。
A:下記一般式(1)で表されるアゾ顔料、その互変異性体、それらの塩、それらの水和物又はそれらの溶媒和物
B:ポリマー主鎖と連結基を介して結合した非芳香族脂環式基を有する構造単位(a)と、親水性基を有する構造単位(b)とを含むビニルポリマー。
- 前記構造単位(a)が更に、アクリル酸又はメタクリル酸のアルキルエステルに由来する構造単位(a2)を含むことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の顔料分散体。
- 前記構造単位(a)がシクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレートに由来の構造単位より選択される1種以上を総量でビニルポリマー全質量に対して5質量%以上93質量%未満で含み、前記構造単位(b)がアクリル酸又はメタクリル酸に由来の構造単位より選択される1種以上をビニルポリマー全質量に対して3質量%以上41質量%未満を含む、ことを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の顔料分散体。
- 前記ビニルポリマーの重量平均分子量が、5000~152000であることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の顔料分散体。
- 前記ビニルポリマーの酸価が10~270mgKOH/gであることを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の顔料分散体。
- 前記顔料分散体の累積体積95%となる粒子径が、10nm~400nmであることを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の顔料分散体。
- 一般式(1)中、Qが炭素原子と共に5員含窒素複素環を形成することを特徴とする請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の顔料分散体。
- 一般式(1)中のnが2であることを特徴とする請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の顔料分散体。
- 一般式(2)中のX1が水素原子であることを特徴とする請求項8~10のいずれか1項に記載の顔料分散体。
- 一般式(1)で表されるアゾ顔料が、下記一般式(3)で表されることを特徴とする請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の顔料分散体。
- W、W1、W2が、それぞれ独立に総炭素数3以下のアルコキシ基、アミノ基、又は総炭素数3以下のアルキルアミノ基であることを特徴とする請求項1~13のいずれか1項に記載の顔料分散体。
- G、G1、G2が、それぞれ独立に総炭素数3以下のアルキル基であることを特徴とする請求項12又は13に記載の顔料分散体。
- Zが、6員含窒素複素環であることを特徴とする請求項13~15のいずれか1項に記載の顔料分散体。
- 請求項1~16のいずれか1項に記載の顔料分散体と水溶性媒体とを含有することを特徴とするインクジェット記録用水性インク。
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CA 2772678 CA2772678A1 (en) | 2009-09-04 | 2010-09-02 | Pigment dispersion containing azo pigment and aqueous ink for inkjet recording using the same |
US13/394,160 US20120165436A1 (en) | 2009-09-04 | 2010-09-02 | Pigment dispersion containing azo pigment and aqueous ink for inkjet recording using the same |
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JP5573307B2 (ja) * | 2010-03-31 | 2014-08-20 | Jsr株式会社 | 感放射線性樹脂組成物、重合体及び化合物 |
ES2536787T3 (es) | 2011-08-31 | 2015-05-28 | Omya International Ag | Proceso para preparar suspensiones de partículas de pigmentos autoaglutinantes |
JP6129783B2 (ja) * | 2013-06-20 | 2017-05-17 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 着色組成物、硬化膜、カラーフィルタおよび積層体 |
JP2015151530A (ja) * | 2014-02-19 | 2015-08-24 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 複合体およびその製造方法、着色組成物、硬化膜、カラーフィルタ、カラーフィルタの製造方法、固体撮像素子および画像表示装置、ならびに、積層体よび積層体 |
WO2016021570A1 (ja) * | 2014-08-05 | 2016-02-11 | 日産化学工業株式会社 | 液晶配向剤、液晶配向膜および液晶表示素子 |
JP6358561B2 (ja) * | 2014-09-29 | 2018-07-18 | ブラザー工業株式会社 | インクジェット記録用水性インク及びインクカートリッジ |
WO2018021119A1 (ja) * | 2016-07-26 | 2018-02-01 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 顔料分散液及びインクジェット用インク |
JPWO2018021120A1 (ja) * | 2016-07-26 | 2019-05-16 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 顔料分散液の製造方法 |
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JP5530683B2 (ja) | 2014-06-25 |
CN102482520B (zh) | 2014-05-14 |
TWI470032B (zh) | 2015-01-21 |
EP2474580A4 (en) | 2016-04-13 |
AU2010290458B2 (en) | 2014-03-06 |
EP2474580A1 (en) | 2012-07-11 |
JP2011057732A (ja) | 2011-03-24 |
TW201125930A (en) | 2011-08-01 |
CA2772678A1 (en) | 2011-03-10 |
AU2010290458A1 (en) | 2012-03-29 |
US20120165436A1 (en) | 2012-06-28 |
KR20120061858A (ko) | 2012-06-13 |
CN102482520A (zh) | 2012-05-30 |
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