WO2010137096A1 - 洗濯機 - Google Patents

洗濯機 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010137096A1
WO2010137096A1 PCT/JP2009/007023 JP2009007023W WO2010137096A1 WO 2010137096 A1 WO2010137096 A1 WO 2010137096A1 JP 2009007023 W JP2009007023 W JP 2009007023W WO 2010137096 A1 WO2010137096 A1 WO 2010137096A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
permanent magnet
motor
washing machine
control means
magnetization
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2009/007023
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
世渡智和
志賀剛
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toshiba Corp
Toshiba Lifestyle Products and Services Corp
Original Assignee
Toshiba Corp
Toshiba Consumer Electronics Holdings Corp
Toshiba Home Appliances Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toshiba Corp, Toshiba Consumer Electronics Holdings Corp, Toshiba Home Appliances Corp filed Critical Toshiba Corp
Priority to CN200980159498.3A priority Critical patent/CN102449219B/zh
Priority to EP09845163A priority patent/EP2436821A1/en
Priority to KR1020117026911A priority patent/KR101332868B1/ko
Publication of WO2010137096A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010137096A1/ja
Priority to US13/303,508 priority patent/US20120068659A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F37/00—Details specific to washing machines covered by groups D06F21/00 - D06F25/00
    • D06F37/30—Driving arrangements 
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P1/00—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
    • H02P1/16—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
    • H02P1/46—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual synchronous motor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
    • H02P21/14—Estimation or adaptation of machine parameters, e.g. flux, current or voltage
    • H02P21/18—Estimation of position or speed
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
    • H02P21/34—Arrangements for starting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
    • H02P6/06—Arrangements for speed regulation of a single motor wherein the motor speed is measured and compared with a given physical value so as to adjust the motor speed
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
    • H02P6/20—Arrangements for starting
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F34/00—Details of control systems for washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F34/10—Power supply arrangements, e.g. stand-by circuits
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F34/00—Details of control systems for washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F34/28—Arrangements for program selection, e.g. control panels therefor; Arrangements for indicating program parameters, e.g. the selected program or its progress
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F37/00—Details specific to washing machines covered by groups D06F21/00 - D06F25/00
    • D06F37/42—Safety arrangements, e.g. for stopping rotation of the receptacle upon opening of the casing door
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the type of motor
    • H02P2207/05—Synchronous machines, e.g. with permanent magnets or DC excitation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a washing machine that generates a rotational driving force for performing a washing operation by a permanent magnet motor including a permanent magnet having a coercive force at a level at which the amount of magnetization can be easily changed on the rotor side. .
  • the applicant arranges a permanent magnet having a coercive force level that can easily change the magnetizing amount in a part of the rotor magnet as disclosed in Patent Document 1, and changes the magnetizing amount of the magnet. Therefore, we are considering applying a motor whose characteristics can be changed dynamically to a washing machine. By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to change the torque characteristics of the motor when the required output characteristics change greatly, such as in the washing operation or the dehydration operation, or according to the weight of the laundry. JP 2006-28095 A
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a washing machine that can avoid a shortage of motor output torque at the start of the next operation even when the operation is interrupted or stopped. There is to do.
  • the washing machine comprising a permanent magnet having a coercive force at a level at which the amount of magnetization can be easily changed on the rotor side, and generating a rotational driving force for performing a washing operation.
  • a magnetization amount control means for generating an exciting current so as to change the magnetization amount of the permanent magnet The magnetization amount control means performs the interruption or the stop after the permanent magnet is magnetized when the operation being executed is interrupted or when the operation is stopped. . With such a configuration, when the interrupted operation is restarted or when the operation is started next time, the permanent magnet is in a state of being increased in magnetism, which is necessary for starting the permanent magnet motor. A sufficient torque can be obtained.
  • the washing machine according to claim 2 is provided with a permanent magnet having a coercive force at a level at which the amount of magnetization can be easily changed on the rotor side, and generates a permanent driving force for performing a washing operation.
  • the magnetization amount control means sets the permanent magnet in a magnetized state immediately after the power is turned on. With this configuration, even if the previous operation of the washing machine is interrupted or terminated with the permanent magnet demagnetized, the torque necessary to start the permanent magnet motor is obtained. You can get enough.
  • the washing machine includes a permanent magnet having a coercive force at a level at which the amount of magnetization can be easily changed on the rotor side, and generates a permanent driving force for performing a washing operation.
  • the washing machine of the tenth aspect since the permanent magnet is in a magnetized state as a pretreatment when the permanent magnet is in a demagnetized state, the amount of demagnetization can be accurately controlled, and the permanent magnet motor The output characteristics can be changed appropriately.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a processing portion that is performed at the end of operation of the washing machine according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 (a) is a flowchart showing the magnetizing process of the alnico magnet
  • FIG. 2 (b) is a flowchart showing the demagnetizing process.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the stop position of the rotor and the signal output levels of the rotational position sensor.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a process in a case where a general washing machine performs a fully automatic operation and a transition of the motor rotation speed.
  • FIG. 5A is a plan view schematically showing the overall configuration of the drum motor
  • FIG. 5B is an enlarged perspective view showing a part of the rotor.
  • FIG. 5A is a plan view schematically showing the overall configuration of the drum motor
  • FIG. 5B is an enlarged perspective view showing a part of the rotor.
  • FIG. 6 is a longitudinal side view showing the configuration of the washing / drying machine.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically showing a drive system of the drum motor.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing functional blocks of sensorless vector control performed for the drum motor.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a processing portion when the power is turned on in the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is a view corresponding to FIG. 9 showing the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing a process when the pause button is turned on during operation in the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing a process when the power-off button is turned on during operation in the fifth embodiment.
  • FIG. 13 shows the sixth embodiment, corresponding to FIG. 12 corresponding to the dehydration operation.
  • FIG. 14 is a view corresponding to FIG. 13 showing a seventh embodiment.
  • FIG. 15 is a view corresponding to FIG. 12 or FIG. 13 showing the eighth embodiment.
  • 4 is a rotating drum (rotating tank), 9 is a door, 11 is a drum motor (permanent magnet motor), 30 is a control circuit (magnetization amount control means, weight detection means, motor control means), and 32 is an inverter circuit.
  • 48 is a photocoupler (input state detection means)
  • 51 is a rotation position sensor (rotation speed detection means)
  • 92 is a rotor
  • 97 is an alnico magnet (permanent magnet).
  • FIG. 6 which shows the longitudinal side surface of the washing / drying machine
  • a water tank 2 is elastically supported by a plurality of support devices 3 in a horizontal state inside the outer box 1.
  • a rotating drum (hereinafter simply referred to as a drum) 4 is rotatably disposed in the water tank 2 in a coaxial state with the water tank 2.
  • the drum 4 has a large number of dewatering holes 4a (only a part of which is shown) serving as ventilation holes on the peripheral side wall and the rear wall, and also functions as a washing tub, a dewatering tub and a drying chamber.
  • a plurality of baffles 4 b (only one is shown) are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the drum 4.
  • the outer box 1, the water tank 2 and the drum 4 all have openings 5, 6 and 7 for putting in and out the laundry on the front surface (right side in the figure), respectively.
  • the portion 6 is connected in watertight communication with a bellows 8 that is elastically deformable.
  • the opening 5 of the outer box 1 is provided with a door 9 for opening and closing the opening.
  • the drum 4 has a rotating shaft 10 on the back surface.
  • the rotating shaft 10 is supported by a bearing (not shown) and attached to the outside of the back surface of the water tank 2.
  • a drum motor (washing / dehydrating motor, permanent magnet motor) 11 composed of a phase brushless DC motor is driven to rotate.
  • the rotating shaft 10 is integral with a rotating shaft of a drum motor (hereinafter simply referred to as a motor) 11, and the drum 4 is driven by a direct drive system.
  • the casing 13 is supported on the bottom plate 1a of the outer box 1 via a plurality of support members 12, and the discharge port 13a and the suction port 13b are formed at the upper right end portion and the upper left end portion of the casing 13, respectively.
  • the compressor 15 which comprises the heat pump (refrigeration cycle) 14 is installed in the bottom plate 1a.
  • a condenser 16 and an evaporator 17 that also constitute the heat pump 14 are installed in order from the right side to the left side, and a blower fan 18 is disposed at the right end.
  • the dish-shaped water receiving portion 13 c is formed in a portion of the casing 13 located below the evaporator 17.
  • the intake port 19 is formed in the upper part of the front part in the water tank 2, and the exhaust port 20 is formed in the lower part of the back part.
  • the intake port 19 is connected to the discharge port 13 a of the casing 13 through a linear duct 21 and an extendable connecting duct 22.
  • the exhaust port 20 is connected to the suction port 13 b of the casing 13 via an annular duct 23 and an extendable connecting duct 24.
  • the annular duct 23 is attached to the outside of the back surface portion of the water tank 2 and is formed so as to be concentric with the motor 11. That is, the inlet side of the annular duct 23 is connected to the exhaust port 20, and the outlet side is connected to the suction port 13 b via the connecting duct 24.
  • the air circulation path 25 is constituted by the casing 13, the connection duct 22, the linear duct 21, the intake port 19, the exhaust port 20, the annular duct 23, and the connection duct 14.
  • the water supply valve 26 composed of a three-way valve is disposed at the upper rear part in the outer box 1, and the detergent feeder 26a is disposed at the upper front part.
  • the water supply valve 26 has a water inlet connected to a water faucet via a water supply hose, a first water outlet connected to an upper water inlet of the detergent feeder 26a via a water supply hose 26b for washing, The water outlet is connected to the lower water inlet of the detergent dispenser 26a through the rinsing water supply hose 26c.
  • the water outlet of the detergent feeder 26a is connected to the water inlet 2a formed in the upper part of the water tank 2 via the water supply hose 26d.
  • the drain port 2b is formed in the rear part of the bottom part of the water tank 2, and this drain port 2b is connected to the drain hose 27 via the drain valve 27a.
  • a part of the drain hose 27 is telescopic.
  • the water receiving part 13c of the casing 13 is connected to the middle part of the drainage hose 27 via the drainage hose 28 and the check valve 28a.
  • the operation panel unit 29 is disposed on the upper front portion of the outer box 1, and the operation panel unit 29 is provided with a display and various operation switches (not shown).
  • the display / operation board 57 is provided on the back surface of the operation panel unit 29 and communicates with a control circuit (magnetization amount control unit, weight detection unit) 30 built in the substrate case 110 to operate the operation panel unit. 29 is controlled.
  • the control circuit 30 is constituted by a microcomputer, and controls the water supply valve 26, the motor 11 and the drain valve 27a in accordance with the operation of the operation switch of the operation panel unit 29, and performs washing, rinsing and dewatering washing operations, 11 and a compressor motor (compressor motor, not shown) composed of a three-phase brushless DC motor that drives the compressor 15 is controlled to execute a drying operation.
  • a compressor motor compressor motor, not shown
  • FIG. 7 schematically shows the drive system of the motor 11.
  • the inverter circuit (PWM control type inverter, magnetization amount control means) 32 is configured by connecting six IGBTs (semiconductor switching elements) 33a to 33f in a three-phase bridge, and between the collectors and emitters of the IGBTs 33a to 33f.
  • the flywheel diodes 34a to 34f are connected.
  • the emitters of the IGBTs 33d, 33e, 33f on the lower arm side are connected to the ground through shunt resistors (current detection means) 35u, 35v, 35w.
  • the common connection point between the emitters of the IGBTs 33d, 33e, and 33f and the shunt resistors 35u, 35v, and 35w is connected to the control circuit 30 via the level shift circuit 36, respectively.
  • the resistance values of the shunt resistors 35u to 35w are set to 0.1 ⁇ , for example.
  • the level shift circuit 36 includes an operational amplifier and the like, amplifies the terminal voltage of the shunt resistors 35u to 35w, and gives a bias so that the output range of the amplified signal is within the positive side (for example, 0 to + 3.3V). . Further, when the upper and lower arms of the inverter circuit 32 are short-circuited, the overcurrent comparison circuit 38 performs overcurrent detection in order to prevent circuit destruction.
  • the drive power supply circuit 39 is connected to the input side of the inverter circuit 32, and a 100V AC power supply 40 is converted into a full-wave rectifier circuit 41 composed of a diode bridge and two capacitors (electrolytic capacitor) connected in series.
  • the double voltage full wave rectification is performed by 42 a and 42 b, and a DC voltage of about 280 V is supplied to the inverter circuit 32.
  • Each phase output terminal of the inverter circuit 32 is connected to each phase winding 11 u, 11 v, 11 w of the motor 11.
  • a relay 47 is inserted between one end of the AC power supply 40 and one side of the AC input terminal of the full-wave rectifier circuit 41, and a photocoupler (PC, input state detection means) is provided between the AC input terminals. 48 are connected through resistance elements 59a and 59b, respectively.
  • the normally open power switch 49 is connected to the relay 47 in parallel. When the power switch 49 is turned on by a user and closed by a momentary operation, both ends of the relay 47 are short-circuited, and initial power is supplied to the control circuit 30. Then, the control circuit 30 maintains the subsequent power supply by energizing a coil (not shown) of the relay 47 and closing the relay 47. Further, the control circuit 30 determines whether or not the AC power supply 40 is input by referring to the output signal of the photocoupler 48 corresponding to the AC power supply frequency (frequency 50 Hz / 60 Hz signal).
  • the control circuit 30 detects the currents Iau to Iaw flowing through the windings 11u to 11w of the motor 11 obtained through the level shift circuit 36, and based on the current value, the phase ⁇ and the rotational angular velocity of the secondary rotating magnetic field. In addition to estimating ⁇ , the three-phase current is subjected to orthogonal coordinate transformation and dq (direct-quadrature) coordinate transformation to obtain an excitation current component Id and a torque current component Iq. When a speed command is given from the outside, the control circuit 30 generates current commands Idref and Iqref based on the estimated phase ⁇ , rotational angular velocity ⁇ , and current components Id and Iq, and converts them into voltage commands Vd and Vq. Then, orthogonal coordinate transformation and three-phase coordinate transformation are further performed. Finally, a drive signal is generated as a PWM signal and output to the windings 11u to 11w of the motor 11 via the inverter circuit 32.
  • the first power supply circuit 43 steps down the drive power supply of about 280V supplied to the inverter circuit 32 to generate a control power supply of 15V and supplies it to the control circuit 30 and the drive circuit 44.
  • the second power supply circuit 45 is a three-terminal regulator that generates 3.3V power from the 15V power generated by the first power circuit 43 and supplies the 3.3V power to the control circuit 30.
  • the high voltage driver circuit 46 is arranged to drive the IGBTs 33 a to 33 c on the upper arm side in the inverter circuit 32.
  • the rotor of the motor 11 is provided with a rotational position sensor 51 (u, v, w) constituted by, for example, a Hall IC for use at startup, and the rotational position sensor 51 (position detection means) outputs The rotor position signal is supplied to the control circuit 30. That is, the control circuit 30 performs vector control using the rotational position sensor 51 up to the rotational speed (for example, about 30 rpm) at which the rotor position can be estimated when the motor 11 is started, After reaching, the sensorless vector control without using the rotational position sensor 51 is switched.
  • a rotational position sensor 51 u, v, w
  • the rotational position sensor 51 position detection means
  • the compressor motor has a configuration that is substantially symmetric to the drive system of the motor 11, although not specifically illustrated. Further, a series circuit of resistance elements 52 a and 52 b is connected between the output terminal of the power supply circuit 39 and the ground, and a common connection point thereof is connected to an input terminal of the control circuit 30.
  • the control circuit 30 reads the input voltage of the inverter circuit 32 divided by the resistance elements 52a and 52b and uses it as a reference for determining the PWM signal duty.
  • a series circuit of a diode 53 and resistor elements 54a and 54b (induced voltage detection means) is connected between the W-phase output terminal of the inverter circuit 32 and the ground, and a capacitor (induced voltage detection) is connected to the resistor element 54b. Means) 55 are connected in parallel.
  • the common connection point of the resistance elements 54a and 54b is connected to the input terminal of the control circuit 30, and the control circuit 30 detects the induced voltage generated in the winding 11W when the motor 11 is idling. .
  • the control circuit 30 controls various electrical components 56 such as a door lock control circuit and a drying fan motor, and inputs / outputs operation signals and control signals to / from the display / operation board 57 described above. Do.
  • the drive of the door lock actuator 58 for locking (locking) and unlocking (unlocking) the door 9 is controlled according to the progress of the washing operation.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing functional blocks of sensorless vector control performed by the control circuit 30 for the motor 11 (and the compressor motor). This configuration is the same as that disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-181187, and will be briefly described here.
  • ( ⁇ , ⁇ ) represents an orthogonal coordinate system obtained by orthogonal transformation of a three-phase (UVW) coordinate system with an electrical angle interval of 120 degrees corresponding to each phase of the motor 11, and (d, q) is The coordinate system of the secondary magnetic flux which is rotating with rotation of the rotor of the motor 11 is shown.
  • the subtracter 62 is supplied with the target speed command ⁇ ref from the speed command output unit 60 as a subtracted value and the detected speed ⁇ of the motor 11 detected by an estimator 63 as a subtracted value.
  • the result is given to a speed PI (Proportional-Integral) control unit 65.
  • the speed PI control unit 65 performs PI (proportional integration) control based on the difference between the target speed command ⁇ ref and the detected speed ⁇ , and generates and subtracts the q-axis current command value Iqref and the d-axis current command value Idref. Are output as subtracted values to the devices 66q and 66d, respectively.
  • the subtractors 66q and 66d are respectively provided with the q-axis current value Iq and the d-axis current value Id output from the ⁇ / dq conversion unit 67 as subtraction values, and the subtraction results are respectively supplied to the current PI control units 68q and 68d.
  • the control period in the speed PI control unit 65 is set to 1 msec.
  • the current PI controllers 68q and 68d perform PI control based on the difference amount between the q-axis current command value Iqref and the d-axis current command value Idref, and generate the q-axis voltage command value Vq and the d-axis voltage command value Vd. And output to the dq / ⁇ conversion unit 69.
  • the dq / ⁇ conversion unit 69 is given a rotational phase angle (rotor position angle) ⁇ of the secondary magnetic flux detected by the estimator 63, and voltage command values Vd and Vq are converted into voltage commands based on the rotational phase angle ⁇ . Convert to values V ⁇ and V ⁇ .
  • the voltage command values V ⁇ and V ⁇ output from the dq / ⁇ conversion unit 69 are converted into three-phase voltage command values Vu, Vv and Vw by the ⁇ / UVW conversion unit 70 and output.
  • the voltage command values Vu, Vv, Vw are given to one fixed contact 71ua, 71va, 71wa of the changeover switches 71u, 71v, 71w, and are output from the initial pattern output unit 76 to the other fixed contact 71ub, 71vb, 71wb.
  • Voltage command values Vus, Vvs, and Vws are given.
  • the movable contacts 71uc, 71vc, 71wc of the changeover switches 71u, 71v, 71w are connected to the input terminal of the PWM forming unit 73.
  • the PWM forming unit 73 modulates a 15.6 kHz carrier (triangular wave) based on the voltage command values Vus, Vvs, Vws or Vu, Vv, Vw, and outputs PWM signals Vup (+, ⁇ ), Vvp (+, -) And Vwp (+,-) are output to the inverter circuit 32.
  • the PWM signals Vup to Vwp are output as signals having a pulse width corresponding to the voltage amplitude based on the sine wave so that, for example, a sine wave current is passed through the phase windings 11u, 11v, 11w of the motor 11.
  • the A / D converter 74 outputs current data Iau, Iav, and Iaw obtained by A / D converting voltage signals appearing at the emitters of the IGBTs 33d to 33f to the UVW / ⁇ converter 75.
  • the UVW / ⁇ conversion unit 75 converts the three-phase current data Iau, Iav, Iaw into biaxial current data I ⁇ , I ⁇ in an orthogonal coordinate system according to a predetermined arithmetic expression. Then, the biaxial current data I ⁇ and I ⁇ are output to the ⁇ / dq converter 67.
  • the ⁇ / dq conversion unit 67 obtains the rotor position angle ⁇ of the motor 11 from the estimator 63 at the time of vector control, thereby obtaining the biaxial current data I ⁇ , I ⁇ on the rotational coordinate system (d, q) according to a predetermined arithmetic expression.
  • the estimator 63 and the subtractors 66d and 66q are output to the estimator 63 and the subtractors 66d and 66q as described above.
  • the estimator 63 estimates the rotor position angle ⁇ and the rotational speed ⁇ based on the q-axis voltage command value Vq, the d-axis voltage command value Vd, the q-axis current value Iq, and the d-axis current value Id, and outputs them to each unit. .
  • a startup pattern is applied by the initial pattern output unit 76 and forced commutation is performed.
  • the estimator 63 is activated to shift to sensorless vector control in which the rotor position angle ⁇ and the rotational speed ⁇ are estimated. In the case of a compressor motor, the process shifts from forced commutation to sensorless vector control.
  • the switching control unit 77 controls switching of the selector switch 71 based on the duty information of the PMW signal given from the PWM forming unit 73.
  • the configuration excluding the inverter circuit 32 is a block of functions realized by the software of the control circuit 30.
  • the current control period in the vector control is set to 128 ⁇ sec, for example.
  • the PWM carrier wave period is 64 ⁇ sec on the motor 11 side and 128 ⁇ sec on the compressor motor side.
  • the control circuit 30 and the inverter circuit 32 constitute an inverter device 99.
  • FIG. 5A is a plan view schematically showing the overall configuration of the motor 11, and FIG. 5B is a perspective view showing an enlarged part.
  • the motor 11 includes a stator 91 and a rotor 92 provided on the outer periphery of the stator 91.
  • the stator 91 includes a stator core 93 and stator windings 11u, 11v, and 11.
  • the stator core 93 has an annular yoke portion 93a and a large number of teeth portions 93b protruding radially from the outer peripheral portion of the yoke portion 93a.
  • the stator windings 11u, 11v, and 11w are connected to the teeth portions 93b. It is wound.
  • the rotor 92 has a configuration in which a frame 94, a rotor core 95, and a plurality of permanent magnets 96 and 97 are integrated with a mold resin (not shown).
  • the frame 94 is formed into a flat bottomed cylindrical shape by pressing, for example, an iron plate that is a magnetic material.
  • the permanent magnets 96 and 97 constitute a rotor magnet 98.
  • the rotor core 95 is disposed on the inner peripheral portion of the peripheral side wall of the frame 94, and the inner peripheral surface thereof is formed in a concavo-convex shape having a plurality of convex portions 95a that protrude in an arc shape toward the inside. .
  • Neodymium magnets 96 (first permanent magnets) and alnico magnets 97 (second permanent magnets) are inserted into the respective insertion holes 95b and 95c.
  • the coercive force of the neodymium magnet 96 is about 900 kA / m
  • the coercive force of the alnico magnet 97 is about 100 kA / m
  • the coercive force differs by about 9 times.
  • each of these two types of permanent magnets 96 and 97 forms one magnetic pole, and for example, a total of 48 pieces are arranged in each of 24 pieces so that the magnetization direction is along the radial direction of the motor 11. Has been.
  • the adjacent permanent magnets 96 and 97 have magnetic poles in opposite directions. (A state in which one N pole is inside and the other N pole is outside), and a magnetic path (magnetic flux) is generated between the neodymium magnet 96 and the Alnico magnet 97 in the direction indicated by the arrow B, for example. That is, a magnetic path passing through both the neodymium magnet 96 having a large coercive force and the alnico magnet 97 having a small coercive force is formed.
  • FIG. 4 shows a process in a case where a general washing machine performs fully automatic operation.
  • the horizontal axis represents elapsed time (minutes), and the vertical axis represents the rotation speed (rpm) of the motor 11.
  • rpm rotation speed
  • (A) to (O) in the figure correspond to the following steps.
  • the main strokes in which the change in the rotational speed of the motor 11 is significant are (B) washing stroke, (E) rinsing dehydration (1) stroke, (G) rinsing stirring (1) stroke, (J) rinsing dehydration. (2) stroke, (L) rinsing and stirring (2) stroke, (O) final dehydration stroke.
  • the maximum rotation speed of the motor 11 in the strokes (B), (G), and (L) is about 50 rpm
  • the maximum rotation speed in the strokes (E) and (J) is about 1300 rpm
  • the maximum rotation speed in the stroke (O) is It is about 850 rpm.
  • the output torque of the motor 11 in the strokes (B), (G), and (L) is about 280 kgf ⁇ cm
  • the output torque in the strokes (E) and (J) is about 20 to 30 kgf ⁇ cm. That is, the strokes (B), (G), and (L) are operated with low speed rotation and high output torque, and the strokes (E) and (J) are operated with high speed rotation and low output torque.
  • the pattern is the same as the rinse dehydration process of (E) and (J).
  • the field speed control is performed to increase the number of rotations.
  • the rotor 92 of the motor 11 is changed.
  • the magnetic flux of the rotor magnet 98 is dynamically changed so that the motor 11 conforms to the characteristics required for each operation of the washing machine.
  • the magnetic flux of the entire rotor magnet 98 is increased by increasing (magnetizing) the magnetization amount of the alnico magnet 97, and dehydration.
  • the magnetic flux of the entire rotor magnet 98 is controlled by decreasing (demagnetizing) the amount of magnetization of the alnico magnet 97.
  • FIG. 2A is a flowchart showing processing when the Alnico magnet 97 is demagnetized from the dehydrating operation to the washing / rinsing operation.
  • a brake operation is started (step S1).
  • step S2 YES
  • a d-axis current is output so as to magnetize the alnico magnet 97.
  • Step S3 the rotational position of the rotor 92 is fixed by applying a d-axis current.
  • the energized phase is changed so that the rotor 92 is moved by one electrical angle (1/24 mechanical angle) from that state (step S4), and the d-axis current is output again (step S5).
  • step S5 To do.
  • the Alnico magnets 97 are arranged in the order of U, V, W,... In the clockwise direction.
  • the stator 91 Alnico magnets 97 to which the teeth portions 93b face each other are arranged in the order of U, W, V, U, W, V,. Accordingly, in step S3, every other alnico magnet 97 is magnetized as described above, and the alnico magnet 97 positioned between them is in an incompletely magnetized state. Therefore, when the rotor 92 is moved by one electrical angle in step S4, the remaining alnico magnet 97 can be favorably magnetized.
  • the rotational position sensor 51 grasps the position of the rotor 92 in the stopped state before that, and the energization is performed according to the stopped position. Determine the phase. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the output levels of the signals A, B, and C of the rotational position sensors (Hall sensors) 51u, 51v, and 51w differ depending on the electrical angle of 60 degrees according to the stop position of the rotor 92. There are six states.
  • FIG. 2 (b) is a flowchart showing a process for demagnetizing the alnico magnet 97 from the magnetized state when shifting from the washing / rinsing operation to the dehydrating operation.
  • the basic procedure is the same as in the case of FIG. 2A, and only steps S8 and S10 corresponding to steps S3 and S5 are “demagnetizing current output”.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a processing portion performed by the control circuit 30 in order to end the operation of the washing machine after the (O) final dehydration process shown in FIG. 4 is completed.
  • the control circuit 30 performs the magnetizing process shown in FIG. 2A (corresponding to the magnetizing (7) shown in step S12 and FIG. 4).
  • the door 9 is unlocked (unlocked) by the door lock actuator 58, and a control signal is output to the display / operation board 57 so as to perform notification processing of the end of operation (step S13).
  • the relay 47 is opened to cut off the power supply, and an end state is reached.
  • the rotor magnet 98 constituting the motor 11 is provided with the alnico magnet 97 having a coercive force at a level at which the amount of magnetization can be easily changed, and the control circuit 30 includes the inverter circuit 32.
  • the control circuit 30 puts the alnico magnet 97 in a magnetized state when stopping the operation of the washing machine. Therefore, when the washing machine starts operation next time, the Alnico magnet 97 is in a state of being increased in magnetism, and a sufficient torque required to start the motor 11 can be obtained. Reliability can be improved.
  • the rotation speed set in the motor 11 at the final stage of the drying process is, for example, about 100 rpm, and therefore the motor 11 is operated in a state of being magnetized. Will end.
  • increasing / decreasing the magnetic flux of the rotor magnet 98 by increasing / decreasing the amount of magnetization of the alnico magnet 97 is expressed as “increasing / decreasing the motor 11”.
  • FIG. 9 shows the second embodiment.
  • the same parts as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a processing part when the power is turned on by the user turning on the power “ON” switch arranged on the operation panel unit 29.
  • the control circuit 30 confirms the magnetized state of the rotor magnet 98 of the motor 11 immediately after the power is turned on (initial reading, step S21).
  • control circuit 30 records to what stage the series of steps shown in FIG. 4 has been completed, so that a flag indicating the progress of the step is displayed in an internal nonvolatile memory (not shown). It is written every time it ends. Therefore, the magnetized state of the rotor magnet 98 at that time can be confirmed by referring to the flag.
  • the process proceeds to the next process (step S23). ). That is, in this case, since the sensing process for detecting the weight of the laundry or the washing operation is started thereafter, a large output torque can be obtained when the motor 11 is started. There is no problem at all.
  • step S24 the control circuit 30 once locks the door 9 (step S24).
  • step S25 the door 9 is unlocked (step S26), and the process proceeds to step S27.
  • step S25 it is possible to prevent the laundry from being put into the drum 4 before performing the magnetizing process, This is to prevent the hand from being put into the hand.
  • the control circuit 30 brings the motor 11 into a magnetized state immediately after the washing machine is powered on. Even if it is interrupted in the magnetized state or has been terminated, a sufficient torque for starting the motor 11 can be obtained, and the reliability of the washing machine can be improved.
  • FIG. 10 shows the third embodiment, and shows a processing part when the power is turned on as in the second embodiment.
  • a determination step of “Is the door lock released?” S27 is arranged. That is, as a result of initial reading in step S21, if the door 9 is unlocked (step S27: YES), there is no problem and the process proceeds to the next step (step S23).
  • step S27 NO
  • the previous operation end has not undergone an appropriate procedure as in the first embodiment, and for example, a power failure or a power plug disconnection has occurred. It may have ended in a regular way. Therefore, in this case, the process goes to step S22 to confirm the magnetized state of the motor 11, and according to the result, steps S25 and S26 are executed in the same manner as in the second embodiment.
  • the control circuit 30 brings the motor 11 into a magnetized state when the door 9 is locked immediately after the washing machine is turned on.
  • the torque necessary to start the motor 11 can be sufficiently obtained. The reliability of the washing machine can be improved.
  • FIG. 11 shows a fourth embodiment.
  • the fourth embodiment shows a process in a case where an operation button (a pause button and a start button may be used in combination) for instructing a pause is turned on by the user during the operation of the washing machine.
  • the control circuit 30 determines whether or not the motor 11 is in a magnetized state in the same manner as in steps S21 and S22 of the second embodiment ( Step S33).
  • step S33 If the motor 11 is in a magnetized state in step S33 (YES), the operation state at that time is confirmed, and for example, it is determined whether the door 9 can be unlocked from the water level in the drum 4 (step S33). S34). If it can be released (YES), the door 9 is unlocked (step S35), and a state of waiting for an input by the user (release of the temporary stop) is entered (step S36). If the door 9 cannot be unlocked in step S34 (NO), the process proceeds to step S36.
  • step S37 if the motor 11 is in a demagnetized state in step S33 (NO), after performing a magnetizing process (step S37), the process proceeds to step S34. That is, when the washing machine is in a paused state, the rotation is stopped if the motor 11 is rotating, and then the motor 11 is restarted from the stopped state when the paused state is released by a user input operation. Will be. At this time, if the rotor magnet 98 is in a demagnetized state, it is conceivable that the starting torque is insufficient. Therefore, the magnetizing process is performed before the input standby state is entered in step S36.
  • the control circuit 30 performs an on operation of the pause button that is an input operation for interrupting the operation by the user.
  • the motor 11 is magnetized, so that the necessary torque can be ensured when the temporary stop state is released and the motor 11 is restarted.
  • FIG. 12 shows a fifth embodiment.
  • 5th Example shows the process when the operation button (power-off button) which instruct
  • the control circuit 30 shuts off the AC power supply 40 by opening the relay 47. Thereafter, the operation is performed using the electric power charged in the capacitor 42.
  • step S43 determines whether or not the motor 11 is in a magnetized state (step S43) in the same manner as in step S33 of the fourth embodiment. If the motor 11 is in a magnetized state (YES), special processing is performed. Without being performed, the state is shifted to a state where the power is cut off (step S44). On the other hand, if the motor 11 is in a demagnetized state in step S43 (NO), the process is increased (step S45) and the process proceeds to step S44. That is, when the operation of the washing machine is stopped and then started again, the motor 11 is restarted from the stopped state. At this time, if the rotor magnet 98 is in a demagnetized state, it is conceivable that the starting torque is insufficient.
  • the control circuit 30 while the motor 11 is in a demagnetized state, the control circuit 30 performs an on operation of the power-off button that is an input operation for shutting off the power by the user. When this happens, the motor 11 is in a magnetized state, so that the torque required to start the motor 11 can be secured when the operation is started next time.
  • the control circuit 30 does not open the relay 47 when it is determined as “YES” in step S41, and after the step is determined as “YES” in step S43 or after executing step S45. The relay 47 may be opened.
  • FIG. 13 shows a sixth embodiment. 6th Example shows the process when a power-off button is turned ON by the user while the washing machine is dehydrating.
  • step S51 step S51
  • step S52 step S52: YES
  • the control circuit 30 opens the relay 47 to cut off the AC power supply 40. Thereafter, similarly to the fifth embodiment, the operation is performed using the electric power charged in the capacitor 42.
  • the control circuit (motor control means) 30 controls to turn off all the IGBTs 33 of the inverter circuit (motor control means) 32 and starts the regenerative braking operation (step S54).
  • the motor 11 In the dehydration process, as shown in FIG. 4, the motor 11 is in a demagnetized state and rotates at a relatively high speed of about 1300 rpm or 850 rpm. Therefore, when regenerative braking is performed, large regenerative electric power is generated, and the electric power is charged in the capacitor 42 via the flywheel diode 34.
  • the control circuit 30 performs the magnetizing process of the motor 11 using the charged power (step S57), and then the power supply is cut off. Transition is made (step S58).
  • the motor 30 when the motor 11 is rotating at a high speed in a state where the motor 11 is demagnetized in the dehydration process, the motor 30 turns on the motor when the power-off button is turned on by the user. Since the regenerative brake is applied to the motor 11 and the motor 11 is magnetized using the generated regenerative power, the power consumption can be suppressed.
  • FIG. 14 shows the seventh embodiment, and the differences from the sixth embodiment will be described.
  • step S52 of the sixth embodiment is replaced with a determination step S52A of "Is there an AC input?"
  • the control circuit 30 refers to the pulse signal of the AC power supply frequency output from the photocoupler (input state detection means) 48. If the pulse signal is continuously output, “AC input is present (YES)”. Judge.
  • step S52A when the output of the pulse signal is not continuously output for three cycles, for example, it is determined that “AC input is not present (NO)”.
  • steps S54 to S58 are executed as in the sixth embodiment.
  • the case of determining that “AC input is absent” includes, for example, a power failure or instantaneous power failure of the commercial AC power supply 40, a fuse being disconnected in the home wiring, a breaker being opened, or a power plug of the washing machine It is assumed that the battery has dropped from the outlet.
  • the control circuit 30 determines that “no AC input” based on the output signal of the photocoupler 48 when the motor 11 is rotating at high speed while being demagnetized in the dehydration process. If it judges, since the regenerative brake will be applied with respect to the motor 11 and the motor 11 will be in a magnetized state using the regenerated electric power which generate
  • FIG. 15 shows an eighth embodiment, and the differences from the sixth and seventh embodiments will be described.
  • the rotational speed of the motor 11 is equal to or less than a predetermined threshold value.
  • Step S61: YES Magnetization processing is performed (Step S57). The rotational speed of the motor 11 is detected based on the change period of the position signal output from the rotational position sensor (rotational speed detection means) 51.
  • the magnetizing process is performed, the regenerative braking operation is resumed (step S58) until the rotation of the motor 11 is stopped (step S63).
  • the control circuit 30 controls the motor 11 when the rotational speed of the motor 11 detected by the rotational position sensor 51 is equal to or less than a predetermined threshold value.
  • a predetermined threshold value a predetermined threshold value.
  • the motor 11 is demagnetized before starting the final dehydration process (O) (6).
  • the process of FIG. 2B is executed, the process of FIG. 2A is executed before that.
  • demagnetizing the Alnico magnet 97 it is relatively difficult to accurately control the demagnetization amount, but when increasing the Alnico magnet 97, it is easy to saturate the magnetization amount. Therefore, if the demagnetization is performed based on the maximum amount of magnetization, the amount of demagnetization can be accurately controlled.
  • the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above or shown in the drawings, and the following modifications or expansions are possible.
  • an induced voltage generated when the motor 11 is rotated at a constant rotational speed may be detected and determined based on the magnitude of the induced voltage. Further, in this case, the induced voltage may be obtained by calculation based on the voltage / current equation of the motor inside the estimator 63.
  • the first and second permanent magnets are not limited to neodymium magnets and alnico magnets, respectively, and may be appropriately changed as long as they are magnetic materials that satisfy the coercive force conditions. In the case where it is possible to cope with all the operating characteristics only by the amount of change in magnetization of the second permanent magnet, the first permanent magnet is unnecessary.
  • the rotation axis of the drum 4 may have an inclination of about 10 to 15 degrees in the elevation angle direction with respect to the horizontal.
  • steps S21 and S22 may be deleted, and steps S24 to S26 may be executed whenever the power is turned on.
  • steps S25 and S26 may be executed.
  • steps S37 may be executed.
  • step S45 may be executed. .
  • the input state detection means may be a current transformer, for example. You may implement each Example suitably combining them. You may apply to the washing machine which does not have a drying function. Moreover, you may apply to the vertical washing machine which stirs a water flow using a pulsator.
  • the washing machine according to the present invention is useful for a machine that requires high torque output during washing operation and high-speed rotation during dehydration operation.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Washing Machine And Dryer (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
  • Main Body Construction Of Washing Machines And Laundry Dryers (AREA)
PCT/JP2009/007023 2009-05-25 2009-12-18 洗濯機 Ceased WO2010137096A1 (ja)

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CN200980159498.3A CN102449219B (zh) 2009-05-25 2009-12-18 洗濯机
EP09845163A EP2436821A1 (en) 2009-05-25 2009-12-18 Washing machine
KR1020117026911A KR101332868B1 (ko) 2009-05-25 2009-12-18 세탁기
US13/303,508 US20120068659A1 (en) 2009-05-25 2011-11-23 Washing machine

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JP2009-125253 2009-05-25

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KR20120023652A (ko) 2012-03-13
US20120068659A1 (en) 2012-03-22
CN102449219B (zh) 2014-11-12
JP2010269070A (ja) 2010-12-02
EP2436821A1 (en) 2012-04-04
CN102449219A (zh) 2012-05-09
KR101332868B1 (ko) 2013-11-25

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