WO2010125874A1 - 太陽電池素子及びこれを用いた太陽電池モジュール - Google Patents
太陽電池素子及びこれを用いた太陽電池モジュール Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010125874A1 WO2010125874A1 PCT/JP2010/055016 JP2010055016W WO2010125874A1 WO 2010125874 A1 WO2010125874 A1 WO 2010125874A1 JP 2010055016 W JP2010055016 W JP 2010055016W WO 2010125874 A1 WO2010125874 A1 WO 2010125874A1
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- H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
- H01L31/0352—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their shape or by the shapes, relative sizes or disposition of the semiconductor regions
- H01L31/035272—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their shape or by the shapes, relative sizes or disposition of the semiconductor regions characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
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- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/02002—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the device in operations
- H01L31/02005—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the device in operations for device characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/02008—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the device in operations for device characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells or solar cell modules
- H01L31/0201—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the device in operations for device characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells or solar cell modules comprising specially adapted module bus-bar structures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
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- H01L31/022408—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/022425—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
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- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
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- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a solar cell element and a solar cell module using the solar cell element.
- Solar cell modules are used in various places and are used in harsh natural environments. For this reason, the solar cell module is required to maintain power generation efficiency even in the harsh natural environment.
- the translucent substrate may bend according to the load and cause cracks in the solar cell element.
- a region 34 in which the finger electrode 36 and the bus bar electrode 33 are not electrically connected may be formed. At this time, the electric power generated in the region 34 is not taken out to the connection conductor 35, and the output of the solar cell module is reduced.
- the present invention aims to suppress a decrease in output when a crack occurs in a solar cell element.
- a solar cell element includes a base body having a photoelectric conversion unit and a plurality of first electrodes provided on one main surface of the base body so as to be separated from each other. Have. Furthermore, the solar cell element is provided in a region located between a pair of adjacent first electrodes among the plurality of first electrodes when the base is viewed from the main surface side in a plan view or a plan view. When a load is applied to the substrate, the substrate has a crack guiding portion for guiding the position of a crack generated in the substrate.
- the solar cell element according to the second aspect has a rectangular shape or a square shape, and a plurality of first electrodes provided on the one main surface of the substrate with a photoelectric conversion unit and spaced apart from each other. And having.
- the plurality of first electrodes are provided so as to extend along one side of the base.
- the base body has a first view in a region located between a pair of adjacent first electrodes among the plurality of first electrodes when the base body is viewed in plan view or plan view from the one main surface side. It has at least one of the groove part provided along the longitudinal direction of an electrode, and a penetration part.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view illustrating a state in which the solar cell module according to the first to fifth embodiments is viewed from the light receiving surface side.
- 2 is a cross-sectional view of the solar cell module taken along section line II-II in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view illustrating a state in which the solar cell element according to the first embodiment is viewed from the light receiving surface side.
- FIG. 4 is a plan view illustrating a state in which the solar cell element according to the first embodiment is viewed from the non-light-receiving surface side.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the solar cell element taken along section line VV in FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a plan view illustrating a state in which the solar cell element according to the second embodiment is viewed from the light receiving surface side.
- FIG. 7 is a plan view illustrating a state in which the solar cell element according to the second embodiment is viewed from the non-light-receiving surface side.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the solar cell element taken along section line VIII-VIII in FIG.
- FIG. 9 is a plan view illustrating a state in which the solar cell element according to the third embodiment is viewed from the non-light-receiving surface side.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the solar cell element taken along section line XX of FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the solar cell element taken along section line XI-XI in FIG.
- FIG. 12 is a plan view illustrating a state in which the solar cell element according to the fourth embodiment is viewed from the non-light-receiving surface side.
- 13 is a cross-sectional view of the solar cell element taken along section line XIII-XIII in FIG.
- FIG. 14 is a plan view illustrating a state in which the solar cell element according to the fifth embodiment is viewed from the light-receiving surface side.
- FIG. 15 is a plan view illustrating a state in which the solar cell element according to the fifth embodiment is viewed from the non-light-receiving surface side.
- 16 is a cross-sectional view of the solar cell element taken along section line XVI-XVI in FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 17 is a plan view illustrating a state before the solar cell element according to the fifth embodiment is divided.
- FIG. 18 is an image diagram illustrating a state after the solar cell element according to the fifth embodiment is divided.
- FIG. 19 is a schematic view illustrating the state when the solar cell element according to the fifth embodiment is divided.
- 20 is a cross-sectional view of the solar cell element taken along section line XX-XX in FIG.
- FIG. 21 is a schematic view illustrating the state when the solar cell element is divided.
- FIG. 22 is a plan view illustrating a state in which a solar cell element according to a modification is viewed from the light receiving surface side.
- FIG. 23 is a plan view illustrating a state in which a solar cell element according to a modification is viewed from the light receiving surface side.
- FIG. 24 is a plan view illustrating a state in which a solar cell element according to a modification is viewed from the light receiving surface side.
- FIG. 25 is a plan view illustrating a state in which a crack has occurred in a solar cell element according to a modification.
- FIG. 26 is a plan view illustrating a state in which a crack is generated in a solar cell element in a conventional solar cell module.
- the solar cell module 1 having the solar cell element according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a translucent substrate 2, a filler 3 a, a solar cell string 6, and a filling A laminate of the material 3b and the back sheet 7 is provided.
- the solar cell string 6 is provided, for example, on the main surface of the solar cell elements 4 arranged in a line and the solar cell elements 4 adjacent to each other among the solar cell elements 4.
- a connection conductor 5 for electrically connecting the electrodes.
- the solar cell module 1 may be provided with a frame 8 around the laminated body in order to protect the laminated body.
- the solar cell element 4 has a function (photoelectric conversion function) for converting light incident on the solar cell module 1 into electricity.
- the solar cell element 4 has a base 4s as a photoelectric conversion unit made of, for example, a flat single crystal silicon substrate or a polycrystalline silicon substrate.
- the photoelectric conversion unit is not limited to the above-described silicon substrate, and includes, for example, amorphous silicon, CIS (copper, indium, selenium) or CIGS (copper, indium, gallium, selenium), and a GaAs layer. It may be a thin film type.
- the base 4s has, for example, a thickness of about 0.1 to 0.3 mm and a substantially square board surface having a length of 150 to 160 mm on one side.
- the base 4s may have a substantially rectangular shape, a substantially circular shape, or the like other than the square shape.
- the shape of the base 4s is preferably square or rectangular.
- the base 4s is mainly formed of silicon, and includes a bulk region 9a that is a P-type semiconductor containing a large amount of P-type impurities such as boron, and a diffusion layer 9b that is an N-type semiconductor containing a large amount of N-type impurities such as phosphorus.
- the base 4 s includes a first main surface 4 a that forms a light-receiving surface on the surface side that mainly receives sunlight, and mainly the sun on the opposite side of the first main surface 4 a. And a second main surface 4b that forms a non-light-receiving surface that does not receive light.
- the base 4s having such a configuration generates carriers in response to light reception such as sunlight.
- substrate comprised except a silicon substrate
- a carrier can be generated like a silicon substrate by providing PN junction.
- the first main surface 4a is substantially entirely covered with an antireflection film 10 as shown in FIGS.
- the first main surface 4a is provided with a plurality of bus bar electrodes 11 as first electrodes and a plurality of finger electrodes 12 as second electrodes.
- the three bus bar electrodes 11 are separated from each other so as not to cross each other, and are extended with a substantially parallel positional relationship.
- the bus bar electrode 11 is provided along one side of the base 4s.
- the plurality of finger electrodes 12 are separated from each other so as not to cross each other, and are extended with a substantially parallel positional relationship.
- each finger electrode 12 is electrically connected to the bus bar electrode 11 by intersecting the three bus bar electrodes 11 substantially perpendicularly. Since the finger electrode 12 intersects the bus bar electrode 11 substantially perpendicularly, the finger electrode 12 is provided along the other side adjacent to the one side of the base 4s.
- the antireflection film 10 has a function of reducing reflection of light incident on the first main surface 4a.
- the antireflection film 10 is formed by, for example, film formation of silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) using monosilane gas or ammonium gas in a plasma CVD apparatus.
- the finger electrode 12 has a function of collecting carriers generated in the base 4s and transmitting the carriers to the bus bar electrode 11 (that is, a current collecting function of collecting electric power generated in the base 4s).
- the finger electrode 12 is formed by printing a paste for forming an electrode on the first main surface 4a by a screen printing method and baking it at 600 to 800 ° C. for about 1 to 30 minutes.
- the electrode forming paste is, for example, a mixture of silver powder and an organic vehicle with glass frit added, and 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of glass frit is added to 100 parts by weight of silver. To be generated.
- the finger electrode 12 has a line width of about 50 to 200 ⁇ m, for example.
- the bus bar electrode 11 has a function of outputting the carrier transmitted from the finger electrode 12 to the outside.
- the bus bar electrode 11 is formed by, for example, the same method as the finger electrode 12 and has a line width of about 1 to 3 mm. Note that the number of bus bar electrodes 11 is not limited to three, and may be at least two or more.
- the second main surface 4 b is covered with a collecting electrode 14 on substantially the entire surface except for the edge of the second main surface 4 b.
- a plurality (three in this case) of bus bar electrodes 13 are extended substantially in parallel without crossing each other.
- the extending direction of the bus bar electrode 13 is substantially the same as the extending direction of the bus bar electrode 11 provided on the first main surface 4a.
- the longitudinal direction of the region located between each pair of adjacent bus bar electrodes 13 and the longitudinal direction of the region located between each pair of adjacent bus bar electrodes 11 are substantially the same. It has become.
- the installation areas of the plurality of bus bar electrodes 11 and the installation areas of the plurality of bus bar electrodes 13 substantially overlap each other. ing.
- the planar perspective from the first main surface 4a side is to see through the object in the direction of the line of sight so that the line of sight and the first main surface 4a are substantially perpendicular.
- the current collecting electrode 14 has a function of collecting carriers generated in the base 4s and transmitting the carriers to the electrically connected bus bar electrode 13 (that is, a current collecting function for collecting electric power generated in the base 4s).
- the current collecting electrode 14 is formed, for example, by printing an electrode forming paste on the second main surface 4b by a screen printing method and baking it.
- the electrode forming paste is, for example, a mixture of an aluminum powder and an organic vehicle to which glass frit is added, and 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of glass frit is added to 100 parts by weight of aluminum. To be generated.
- the collecting electrode 14 has a thickness of about 15 to 50 ⁇ m, for example.
- the bus bar electrode 13 is electrically connected to the collecting electrode 14 and has a function of outputting the carrier transmitted from the collecting electrode 14 to the outside.
- the bus bar electrode 13 is formed by, for example, the same method as the finger electrode 12 described above, and has a line width of about 3.5 to 7 mm and a thickness of about 10 to 20 ⁇ m. Note that the number of the bus bar electrodes 13 is not limited to three, and may be at least two or more as in the case of the bus bar electrode 11, and may be four or more.
- the base body 4s is formed from one end to the other end. From another viewpoint, when the base 4s is seen through the base 4s from the first main surface 4a side (that is, the translucent substrate 2 side), each pair of adjacent bus bars included in the plurality of bus bar electrodes 11 is included in the base 4s. A crack guiding portion 15 is provided in a region located between the electrodes 11.
- the crack guiding portion 15 has a function of guiding the crack in a predetermined direction when a crack occurs in the base 4s.
- the crack refers to a crack, a crack, or the like generated in the base 4s, and includes a form in which the base 4s is divided or a form in which a surface layer portion of the base 4s is cracked.
- the crack guiding part 15 in the present embodiment has a groove part extending from the surface of the current collecting electrode 14 to the inside of the base body 4s in the depth direction, and the bottom part of the groove part is constituted by the base body 4s.
- the surface of the base 4 s that forms the bottom of the groove and the portion in the vicinity thereof are subjected to stress according to the load applied to the solar cell element 4 from the translucent substrate 2 side. It becomes a concentrated part (hereinafter referred to as “stress concentration part”). Accordingly, it may be considered that the stress concentrating portion is included in the crack guiding portion 15. Moreover, the part in which the crack induction
- the crack guiding portion 15 extends along the groove portion constituting the crack guiding portion 15.
- the cracks may occur in the base 4s.
- a portion of the finger electrode 12 that is not electrically connected to the bus bar electrode 11 is less likely to occur. That is, in the solar cell element 4, even if a crack that divides the finger electrode 12 along the crack guiding portion 15 occurs, the electrical connection between the bus bar electrode 11 and the finger electrode 12 is maintained, so that the output is reduced. Reduced.
- the solar cell element 4 in which a crack is generated at a desired position along the crack guiding portion 15 functions as a plurality of solar cell elements each having a small-area light receiving surface. For this reason, in the solar cell element 4, generation
- the solar cell element 4 can cause cracks at predetermined positions so that the output of the solar cell module 1 does not easily decrease in the base 4s.
- a crack generated in the base 4s can be induced in a desired direction.
- the destruction of the solid has a dimensional effect that the strength increases as the size of the solid decreases. For this reason, the solar cell element 4 is divided
- the solar cell element 4 or the solar cell string 6 excluding the crack induction portion 15 is formed, a part of the configuration is removed by, for example, laser processing or the like. Is formed. Specifically, for example, first, the solar cell element 4 in which the crack guiding portion 15 is not formed at a predetermined position on the table that can be freely moved in the directions of two axes X and Y orthogonal to each other on the plane. The solar cell string 6 is fixed.
- the groove portion is Can be formed.
- the depth of the groove part constituting the crack guiding part 15 is about 5 to 50% of the thickness of the base body 4s so that the cracks along the crack guiding part 15 are more reliably guided in a desired direction. Preferably there is.
- the translucent substrate 2 has a function of protecting the solar cell element 4.
- the material of the translucent substrate 2 include various types of glass such as white plate tempered glass, white plate glass, tempered glass, and heat ray reflective glass, and polycarbonate resin. As long as the light passes therethrough, it is sufficient.
- the translucent substrate 2 is preferably, for example, a white plate-reinforced glass having a thickness of about 3 to 5 mm, or a synthetic resin substrate (made of a polycarbonate resin or the like) having a thickness of about 5 mm.
- the fillers 3 a and 3 b have a function of sealing the solar cell element 4.
- ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) or polyvinyl butyral (PVB) is the main component, and is formed into a sheet having a thickness of about 0.4 to 1 mm by an extruder. And then cut into a desired size.
- the fillers 3a and 3b contain a cross-linking agent having a property of binding molecules such as EVA.
- a cross-linking agent having a property of binding molecules such as EVA.
- the crosslinking agent for example, an organic peroxide that decomposes at a temperature of 70 to 180 ° C. to generate radicals can be employed.
- the organic peroxide include 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-bis (t-butylperoxy) hexane, tert-hexylperoxypivalate, and the like. It is preferable to contain in the ratio of about 1 mass part with respect to.
- thermosetting resin or a resin obtained by adding a crosslinking agent to a thermoplastic resin and having a thermosetting property is preferable.
- acrylic resin, silicone resin, epoxy resin, and EEA (ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer) can be employed.
- connection conductor 5 has a function of electrically connecting electrodes provided on the main surfaces of the solar cell elements 4 adjacent to each other.
- the bus bar electrode 11 on the front surface side of one solar cell element 4 and the bus bar electrode 13 on the back surface side of the other solar cell element 4 are connected by the connecting conductor 5. Electrically connected.
- connection conductor 5 it is possible to preferably employ a solder coat having a thickness of about 20 to 70 ⁇ m formed on the entire surface of a wiring material such as copper foil by plating or dipping.
- the connection conductor 5 is fixed to the bus bar electrodes 11 and 13 by a method such as spot welding.
- the connecting conductor 5 may have a width of about 1 to 3 mm and a length of about 260 to 290 mm.
- connection When an excessive load is applied to the solar cell element 4 from the translucent substrate 2 side, in the vicinity of the edge of the portion of the base 4s where the connection conductor 5 and the solar cell element 4 are fixed, that is, connection.
- the stress tends to concentrate on a portion near the edge of the connection conductor 5 along the extending direction of the conductor 5.
- the crack guiding portion 15 is provided along the edge portion in the vicinity of the edge portion on at least one side of the connection conductor 5.
- the back sheet 7 has a function of protecting the filler 3 b and the solar cell element 4.
- a material for the back sheet 7 for example, PVF (polyvinyl fluoride), PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PEN (polyethylene naphthalate), or a laminate of these can be suitably used.
- the crack guiding portion 15 ⁇ / b> A is formed by providing the through portion in the base.
- the solar cell module 1A according to the second embodiment is different from the solar cell module 1 according to the first embodiment in that the crack guiding portion 15 has a different shape.
- the configuration is replaced with the portion 15A.
- the solar cell module 1A according to the second embodiment includes the solar cell string 6, the solar cell element 4, and the base 4s as compared with the solar cell module 1 according to the first embodiment, as a result of the replacement.
- the function is the same, the solar cell string 6A, the solar cell element 4A, and the base 4sA are replaced with slightly different configurations.
- the crack guiding portion 15A is configured to have a slit-like portion (also referred to as a “penetrating portion”) provided in the base 4sA.
- a slit-like portion also referred to as a “penetrating portion”
- the base body 4sA when the base body 4sA is viewed in a plan view and a plan view from the first main surface 4a side (that is, the translucent substrate 2 side), it is positioned between each pair of bus bar electrodes 11 adjacent to each other.
- a crack guiding portion 15 ⁇ / b> A is provided in a region to be used.
- the plan view from the first main surface 4a side is to see the object such that the line of sight and the first main surface 4a are substantially perpendicular.
- Each penetration is formed from the front surface to the back surface of the solar cell element 4A. That is, each penetrating portion is formed so as to penetrate the laminated body constituted by the antireflection film 10, the diffusion layer 9b and the bulk region 9a constituting the base 4sA, and the current collecting electrode 14.
- the crack guiding portion 15A is provided with each pair of adjacent bus bar electrodes 11 as shown in FIGS. It is preferable that the base 4sA is formed in a part extending from one end to the other end along the longitudinal direction of the region located therebetween.
- the surface of the base 4sA that forms the end of the penetrating portion and the portion in the vicinity thereof are subjected to stress according to the load applied to the solar cell element 4A from the translucent substrate 2 side. It becomes the stress concentration part where it concentrates. Therefore, it may be considered that the stress concentrating portion is included in the crack guiding portion 15A.
- each pair of adjacent bus bar electrodes 11 (and bus bar electrodes 11).
- each through portion is formed linearly along the longitudinal direction of the region, and the plurality of through portions are arranged substantially in a straight line. Is more preferable.
- each penetration part is formed by, for example, removing a part of the configuration by, for example, laser processing after the configuration of the solar cell element 4A or the solar cell string 6A excluding the crack guiding portion 15A is formed. Is possible.
- the solar cell element 4A when a load is applied from the translucent substrate 2 side, a plurality of (two in FIG. 6 to FIG. 8) through-holes arranged in a straight line between adjacent bus bar electrodes 11 are interposed. Cracks preferentially occur in the area.
- a region along the extension line of the through portion that connects the plurality of through portions arranged in a straight line is a region where cracks are likely to occur preferentially.
- a through part having an opening on the end surface of the base 4sA may be employed as the through part constituting the crack guiding part 15A.
- the through portion can be formed by a simple method such as cutting.
- the penetration part which comprises 15 A of crack induction parts can be formed comparatively easily even if it is a case where 4 A of solar cell elements are arrange
- the bus bar is the same as in the first embodiment.
- a decrease in output is reduced.
- the crack induction part 15A is comprised by the penetration part, compared with the solar cell element 4 which concerns on the said 1st Embodiment with which the crack induction part 15 was comprised with the groove part, crack induction part 15A vicinity The mechanical strength of the solar cell element 4A decreases. As a result, in the solar cell element 4A, the generated crack is more easily induced in a predetermined direction.
- the crack guiding portion 15B is configured to have a plurality of through holes that penetrate the base and are arranged in a row.
- the solar cell module 1 ⁇ / b> B according to the third embodiment is different from the solar cell module 1 according to the first embodiment in that the crack induction portion 15 has a different form of crack induction.
- the portion 15B is replaced.
- the solar cell module 1B according to the third embodiment includes the solar cell string 6, the solar cell element 4, and the base 4s as compared with the solar cell module 1 according to the first embodiment, as a result of the replacement.
- the function is the same, the solar cell string 6B, the solar cell element 4B, and the base 4sB are slightly different in configuration.
- the crack guiding portion 15B has a plurality of through holes arranged in the base body 4sB. Specifically, in the base body 4sB, when the base body 4sB is seen from the first main surface 4a side (translucent substrate 2 side) in a plan view and a plan view, it is positioned between each pair of adjacent bus bar electrodes 11. A crack guiding portion 15B is provided in the region.
- Each through hole is formed from the front surface to the back surface of the solar cell element 4B. That is, each through-hole is formed from the front surface to the back surface of the laminated body constituted by the antireflection film 10, the diffusion layer 9b and the bulk region 9a constituting the base 4sB, and the current collecting electrode 14.
- Each through hole has a substantially cylindrical internal space, for example.
- Each such through-hole can be formed, for example, by removing the structure of the solar cell element 4B or the solar cell string 6B excluding the crack guiding part 15B, for example, by laser processing or the like. Specifically, for example, first, the solar cell element 4B or the solar cell string excluding the crack guiding portion 15B is placed at a predetermined position on the table that can be freely moved in the directions of two axes X and Y orthogonal to each other on the plane. Fix 6B. Next, each through hole is formed by irradiating a laser beam such as a YAG laser from directly above the surface on which the crack guiding portion 15 is formed.
- a laser beam such as a YAG laser
- the surface of the base 4sB that forms the inner wall portion of each through hole and the portion in the vicinity thereof are stressed according to the load applied to the solar cell element 4B from the translucent substrate 2 side. It becomes a stress concentration part where is concentrated.
- a region connecting a plurality of through holes constituting the crack guiding portion 15B is a region where cracks are likely to occur preferentially.
- each pair of bus bar electrodes 11 (and bus bar electrodes 13) adjacent to each other In the region located between the plurality of through holes, it is preferable that the plurality of through holes constituting the crack guiding portion 15B are linearly arranged. At this time, cracks propagate along the plurality of through holes arranged in a straight line.
- the crack guiding portion 15B is formed by arranging a plurality of through holes at intervals. Therefore, the third embodiment is more effective than the solar cell elements 4 and 4A according to the first and second embodiments in which the crack guiding portions 15 and 15A configured to have linear groove portions and through portions are provided.
- the solar cell element 4B according to the embodiment has higher mechanical strength.
- a solar cell element 4BB provided with a hole (groove) having a bottom surface and a substantially cylindrical inner space may be employed instead of the through hole.
- the solar cell element 4BB is different from the solar cell element 4B in that a crack guiding portion 15B configured by arranging a plurality of through holes is replaced with a crack guiding portion 15BB configured by arranging a plurality of holes. It has a substituted configuration.
- the solar cell element 4BB has a configuration in which the base body 4sB is replaced with the base body 4sBB having the same function but a slightly different configuration as compared with the solar cell element 4B.
- the plurality of holes constituting the crack guiding portion 15BB are not limited to those provided on the second main surface 4b side, for example, of the first main surface 4a side and the second main surface 4b side of the base 4sBB. It may be provided on at least one main surface side. However, from the viewpoint of maintaining the power generation efficiency in the solar cell element 4BB, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 11, it is preferable that the crack guiding portion 15BB is provided on the second main surface 4b side of the base body 4sBB.
- the crack guiding portion 15 ⁇ / b> C is configured by a coating portion that is formed integrally with the base body separately from the base body.
- the crack induction portion 15 is formed by the coating portion 17 as compared with the solar cell module 1 according to the first embodiment. It has the structure replaced with the crack induction
- the solar cell module 1C according to the fourth embodiment includes the solar cell string 6, the solar cell element 4, and the base body 4s in comparison with the solar cell module 1 according to the first embodiment. Although the function is the same, the solar cell string 6C, the solar cell element 4C, and the base 4sC are replaced with a slightly different configuration.
- a crack guiding portion 15C is provided between the adjacent bus bar electrodes 13.
- the base 4sC is formed in a substantially straight line from the substantially one end to the other end along the longitudinal direction of the region located in the region. From another viewpoint, when the base 4sC is seen through from the first main surface 4a side (that is, the translucent substrate 2 side), the base 4sC is positioned between each pair of adjacent bus bar electrodes 11 included in the plurality of bus bar electrodes 11. A crack guiding portion 15C is provided in the region to be used.
- the crack guiding portion 15C includes a portion where the coating portion 17 is deposited on the collecting electrode 14 (hereinafter also referred to as “formation portion”) and a coating portion 17 on the second main surface 4b side of the base 4sC. It has a groove-like recess formed by a portion that is not formed (hereinafter also referred to as “non-formed portion”). That is, the concave portion is constituted by the coating portion 17 and the surface of the current collecting electrode 14. In the form in which the collecting electrode 14 is not formed in the region where the concave portion is located, the coating portion 17 and the second main surface 4b of the base body 4sC are configured. That is, there are a form in which the film part 17 is directly attached to the base 4sC and a form in which the film part 17 is attached through another layer (here, the collector electrode 14).
- the coating part 17 is formed on the surface of the current collecting electrode 14 provided on the second main surface 4b so as to have a plurality of linear through parts.
- the through portions correspond to the internal spaces of the groove-shaped recesses.
- various resins, such as an epoxy resin, are mentioned, for example, This film part 17 can be formed into a film by the apply
- the mechanical strength of the portion where the coating portion 17 is not formed is weaker than the portion where the coating portion 17 is formed. Therefore, the stress is concentrated on the surface portion of the collecting electrode 14 provided with the crack guiding portion 15C and the vicinity thereof according to the load applied to the solar cell element 4C from the translucent substrate 2 side. It becomes a concentrated part.
- the base 4sC is formed along the groove-shaped concave portion constituting the crack guiding portion 15C. Cracks occur. However, even if the crack occurs, a portion that is not electrically connected to the bus bar electrode 11 is less likely to occur in the finger electrode 12 as in the solar cell module 1 according to the first embodiment. For this reason, generation
- the mechanical strength of the solar cell element 4C is improved.
- the groove shape formed by varying the thickness of the film part 17 May be adopted.
- a mode in which one crack guiding portion 15C has a configuration in which a plurality of concave portions are arranged is also conceivable.
- the recess include a groove shape and a hole shape.
- the crack guiding portion 15D is configured by a support provided separately from the base.
- the solar cell module 1D according to the fifth embodiment has a crack-inducing portion 15 having a rod-like support (compared to the solar cell module 1 according to the first embodiment).
- the structure is replaced with a crack guiding portion 15D formed of a rod-like body.
- the solar cell module 1D according to the fifth embodiment includes the solar cell string 6, the solar cell element 4, and the base 4s as compared with the solar cell module 1 according to the first embodiment, as a result of the replacement.
- the function is the same, the solar cell string 6D, the solar cell element 4D, and the base body 4sD are replaced with slightly different configurations.
- the crack guiding portion 15D is provided in the region. Specifically, between each adjacent pair of bus bar electrodes 13, the crack guiding portion 15 ⁇ / b> D is substantially aligned with the solar cell element 4 ⁇ / b> D along the longitudinal direction of the region located between each adjacent pair of bus bar electrodes 13. It is provided in a substantially straight line from one end to the other end.
- the rod-shaped body constituting the crack guiding portion 15D has, for example, an elliptical cross section, and a material having high rigidity such as a metal such as aluminum or stainless steel and a resin such as ABS resin, modified PPE resin or modified PPO resin. Consists of.
- the cross-sectional shape of the rod-like body may be a circular shape, or a polygonal shape such as a triangle or a quadrangle.
- derivation part 15D is not limited to a rod-shaped body, For example, the form which arranges multiple spherical or polygonal support bodies on a straight line may be sufficient.
- derivation part 15D is contact
- the rod-shaped body is fixed to the surface of the collecting electrode 14C with an adhesive.
- a part of the filler 3b may be interposed in the gap between the rod-shaped body and the collecting electrode 14C.
- the current collecting electrode 14 may not be formed in a region where the rod-shaped body abuts, and the rod-shaped body may be fixed to the surface of the base 4sD with an adhesive. That is, the rod-like body as the first support may be in direct contact with the base 4sD, while being indirectly in contact with the base 4sC via the collecting electrode 14C or the like. Also good.
- Such a crack guiding portion 15D can be easily formed by providing the filler 3b in a state where the rod-shaped body is arranged, regardless of the electrode design of the solar cell element 4D. At this time, the rod-shaped body is fixed by the filler 3b.
- the region (contact region) 42 where the crack guiding portion 15D is in contact with the current collecting electrode 14C of the base 4sD and the vicinity thereof are in contact with the solar cell element 4D.
- a stress concentration portion where stress concentrates according to the load applied from the translucent substrate 2 side.
- the contact region 42 serves as a fulcrum, and the base 4sD is cracked, and the base 4sD is divided as shown in FIG.
- the bending stress is applied to the base 4 sD so that the stress is concentrated in the contact area 42 and the vicinity thereof, and cracks are preferentially generated along the contact area 42. Will occur.
- the crack guiding portion 15 ⁇ / b> D is bonded to the two divided bases 4 sD among the divided bases 4 sD (in this embodiment, divided into three). Or may be bonded to at least one of the substrates 4sD.
- the electrical connection between the bus bar electrode 11 and the finger electrode 12 is achieved. Is maintained, the reduction in output is reduced.
- substrate 4sD may be sufficient.
- the crack guiding portion 15D is provided on the second main surface 4b side of the base 4sD.
- the rod-shaped body does not contact the current collecting electrode 14C, and from the translucent substrate 2 side to the solar cell element 4D.
- the solar cell element 4E having a configuration in which a rod-like body as the second support body abuts against the collecting electrode 14C in accordance with the application of the load. Specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 20, a crack guiding portion 15E including a rod-shaped body is disposed in the gap portion of the filler 3b. According to such a configuration, according to the application of the load from the translucent substrate 2 side to the solar cell element 4E, as shown in FIG.
- the rod-shaped body constituting the crack derivative 15E comes into contact with the collecting electrode 14C.
- the current collecting electrode 14 may not be formed in the region where the rod-shaped body abuts, and the rod-shaped body may directly abut on the surface of the base 4sD.
- each finger electrode 12 is provided so as to intersect with the plurality of bus bar electrodes 11, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- a pair of comb-like electrodes each having a configuration in which a plurality of finger electrodes 12 are provided in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction from one bus bar electrode 11 is formed as a base 4sF.
- a solar cell element 4F provided on the first main surface 4a is also conceivable.
- one bus bar electrode 11 extends along the Y direction in the vicinity of one end (+ X side) of the base 4sF, and the other bus bar electrode 11 extends to the other ( ⁇ X Side) near the end, and extends along the Y direction.
- One finger electrode 12 of the other comb-shaped electrode is disposed in each gap between the finger electrodes 12 of the one comb-shaped electrode. That is, the finger electrodes 12 of a pair of comb-like electrodes are alternately arranged.
- the groove part which comprises the crack induction part 15F is extended in the area
- each finger electrode 12 is connected to each pair of bus bar electrodes 11 adjacent to each other. It is preferable to extend so as to intersect with each other.
- the plurality of bus bar electrodes 11 are provided on the first main surface 4a side of the bases 4s, 4sA to 4sD, and 4sBB.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- a plurality of bus bar electrodes 11 are provided on the second main surface 4b side of the base 4sG, and the plurality of bus bar electrodes 11 are respectively connected through through holes 23 filled with a conductive material as shown in FIG.
- the finger electrodes 12 may be electrically connected.
- through-hole rows three through-hole rows (hereinafter referred to as “through-hole rows”) in which a plurality of through-holes 23 are linearly arranged along the direction in which the bus bar electrode 11 extends are provided. The configuration is illustrated. Then, in the region between each pair of adjacent through-hole rows, a groove portion constituting the crack guiding portion 15G is extended along the extending direction of the bus bar electrode 11.
- the bus bar electrode 11 and the finger electrode 12 have the same main surface of the bases 4s, 4sA to 4sD, 4sBB. It is preferable to be provided on the side.
- the bases 4s, 4sA to 4sD, and 4sBB when they are viewed in plan from the translucent substrate 2 side, they are positioned between the bus bar electrodes 11 as the first electrodes of each pair of adjacent ones.
- derivation part 15 was provided in the area
- the base body 4sH when the base body 4sH is seen in a plan view and a plan view from the first main surface 4a (that is, the translucent substrate 2 side), the finger electrodes 12 as the first electrodes of the adjacent pairs.
- a solar cell element 4H in which a crack guiding portion 15H is provided in a region located between the two may be employed.
- the crack guiding portion 15H intersects the bus bar electrode 11 as the second electrode.
- the crack guiding portion 15H may be configured to have a penetration portion similar to the second embodiment, but the groove portion similar to the first embodiment, the third embodiment, It may have any configuration of a plurality of through holes or a plurality of hole portions arranged in a similar row and a concave portion formed by the coating portion 17 similar to that of the fourth embodiment.
- derivation part 15H is extended linearly along the longitudinal direction (In FIG. 24, the extension direction of the finger electrode 12) of the area
- a portion (here, the tip of the crack guiding portion 15H) constituting the crack guiding portion 15H in the base 4sH in response to the pressing force from the translucent substrate 2 side.
- a stress concentration portion where stress is concentrated occurs in the portion and the vicinity thereof.
- a crack is likely to occur preferentially on an extension line in the extending direction of the crack guiding portion 15H, and as shown in FIG. 25, a region between each pair of finger electrodes 12 provided with the crack guiding portion 15H.
- the crack 31 is preferentially generated along the longitudinal direction of the region. That is, the crack is guided in a predetermined direction by the crack guiding portion 15H so that the crack is generated at a position where the finger electrode 12 is not divided.
- connection conductor 5 even if a crack occurs in a portion of the base 4sH immediately below the bus bar electrode 11, if the connection conductor 5 is fixed to substantially the entire surface of the bus bar electrode 11, the bus bar electrode 11 can be efficiently transmitted to the connection conductor 5.
- a portion 114 of the surface of the bus bar electrode 11 where cracks are induced by the crack guiding portion 15H in the base 4sH is avoided, and the connecting conductor 5 is fixed by spot welding or the like. Also good.
- the extension of the crack guide portion 15H in the extending direction is based on the crack guide portion 15H.
- the connection conductor 5 is partially fixed to the bus bar electrode 11 while avoiding the portion 114 located on the line. In such a form, even if the bus bar electrode 11 is disconnected, continuity is ensured by the presence of the connection conductor 5, and a decrease in output of the solar cell element 4H is reduced.
- derivation part 15H may be extended to the site
- the crack guiding portions 15 and 15C are provided on the second main surface 4b side of the bases 4s and 4sC, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- substrates 4s and 4sC is also considered.
- the crack guiding portions 15 and 15C are located in regions located between adjacent pairs of bus bar electrodes 11. It will be provided. Accordingly, it is only necessary to provide the crack guiding portions 15 and 15C on at least one main surface side of the first main surface 4a side and the second main surface 4b side of the base bodies 4s and 4sC.
- the crack guiding portions 15 and 15C are provided on the second main surface 4b side of the bases 4s and 4sC. .
- the crack guiding portions 15 and 15C extend from one end to the other end of the bases 4s and 4sC along the longitudinal direction of the region located between each pair of adjacent bus bar electrodes 13.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- a configuration in which the crack guiding portions 15 and 15C are extended to a part of a region extending from one end of the bases 4s and 4sC to the other end is also conceivable.
- the crack guiding portions 15 and 15C are extended to a longer part of the region extending from one end to the other end of the bases 4s and 4sC. It is preferable that the bases 4s and 4sC extend from one end to the other end.
- the crack guiding portions 15, 15A, 15D, and 15E are linearly arranged.
- the crack guiding portions 15, 15A, 15D, 15E may be extended with a certain degree of inclination with respect to the longitudinal direction of the region between each pair of adjacent bus bar electrodes 11, or have a certain degree of bending. May be extended.
- the crack guiding portions 15, 15 ⁇ / b> A, 15 ⁇ / b> D, and 15 ⁇ / b> E are preferably extended along the longitudinal direction of the region between 11. Furthermore, in order to reduce the possibility of cracks propagating in a direction different from the extending direction of the bus bar electrode 11, it is preferable that the crack guiding portions 15, 15A, 15D, 15E are arranged in a straight line.
- the crack guiding portion 15 is provided in the region located between each pair of adjacent bus bar electrodes 11, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- a region located between at least a pair of bus bar electrodes 11 included in the plurality of pairs of bus bar electrodes 11 may be provided in the vicinity thereof.
- the groove included in the crack guiding portion 15 and the hole included in the crack guiding portion 15BB reach the bases 4s and 4sBB from the surface of the current collecting electrode 14 in the depth direction.
- the finger electrode 12 is provided.
- a configuration in which the finger electrode 12 is not provided is also conceivable.
- a transparent current collecting electrode made of ITO or the like may be provided as the second electrode on the entire surface of the first main surface 4a. Regardless of the distance between the bus bar electrode 11 and the position where the crack is generated, even if the finger electrode 12 is provided as the second electrode even by the presence of the transparent current collecting electrode as the second electrode, Current collection efficiency is increased.
- the current collecting electrode 14 is separately provided on the second main surface 4b of the base 4s, 4sA to 4sD, 4sBB.
- the collector electrode 14 may be included in the bases 4s, 4sA to 4sD, 4sBB.
- the crack guiding portions 15D and 15E are in direct contact with the base 4sD.
- a plurality of hole portions having a plurality of through holes or bottom surfaces arranged in a straight line between two through portions provided on a substantially straight line shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, and A configuration in which at least one of a linearly provided groove or recess is provided may be employed.
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Abstract
Description
<(1-1)太陽電池モジュール>
本発明の第1実施形態に係る太陽電池素子を有する太陽電池モジュール1は、図1および図2で示されるように、透光性基板2と、充填材3aと、太陽電池ストリング6と、充填材3bと、裏面シート7との積層体を有している。太陽電池ストリング6は、例えば、列状に配列される複数の太陽電池素子4と、該複数の太陽電池素子4のうちの相互に隣接し合う太陽電池素子4の主面上に設けられている電極間を電気的に接続する接続導体5とを備えている。なお、太陽電池モジュール1には、積層体を保護すべく、該積層体の周囲にフレーム8が設けられても良い。
太陽電池素子4は、太陽電池モジュール1に対して入射される光を電気に変換する機能(光電変換機能)を有する。該太陽電池素子4は、例えば、平板状の単結晶のシリコン基板や多結晶のシリコン基板等からなる光電変換部としての基体4sを有している。なお、光電変換部は、上述したシリコン基板に限定されることなく、例えば、アモルファスシリコン、CIS系(銅、インジウム、セレン)又はCIGS(銅、インジウム、ガリウム、セレン)系、ならびにGaAs層を有する薄膜型であってもよい。
透光性基板2は、太陽電池素子4を保護する機能を有する。該透光性基板2の素材としては、例えば、白板強化ガラス、白板ガラス、強化ガラス、および熱線反射ガラス等の各種ガラス、ならびにポリカーボネート樹脂等が挙げられ、太陽電池素子4で光電変換される波長の光が透過するものであれば良い。特に、透光性基板2は、例えば、厚さが3~5mm程度の白板強化ガラスや、厚さが5mm程度の合成樹脂基板(ポリカーボネート樹脂等から成る)であることが好ましい。
充填材3a,3bは、太陽電池素子4を封止する機能を有する。該充填材3a,3bとしては、例えば、エチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体(EVA)やポリビニルブチラール(PVB)が主成分とされ、押出し機によって0.4~1mm程度の厚さを有するシートに成形された後に所望の大きさに切断されたもの等が挙げられる。
接続導体5は、相互に隣接し合う太陽電池素子4の主面上に設けられる電極間を電気的に接続する機能を有する。太陽電池モジュール1では、隣接する2つの太陽電池素子4のうちの一方の太陽電池素子4の表面側のバスバー電極11と他方の太陽電池素子4の裏面側のバスバー電極13とが接続導体5によって電気的に接続されている。
裏面シート7は、充填材3bや太陽電池素子4を保護する機能を有する。該裏面シート7の素材としては、例えば、PVF(ポリビニルフルオライド)、PET(ポリエチレンテレフタレート)、またはPEN(ポリエチレンナフタレート)、或いはこれらが積層されたもの等が好適に採用可能である。
第2実施形態に係る太陽電池素子を有する太陽電池モジュール1Aでは、基体に貫通部が設けられることでクラック誘導部15Aが形成されている。
第3実施形態に係る太陽電池素子を有する太陽電池モジュール1Bでは、クラック誘導部15Bが基体を貫通し且つ列状に配列されている複数の貫通孔を有して構成されている。
第4実施形態に係る太陽電池素子を有する太陽電池モジュール1Cでは、クラック誘導部15Cが基体とは別に該基体に対して一体的に形成されている被膜部によって構成されている。
第5実施形態に係る太陽電池素子を有する太陽電池モジュール1Dでは、クラック誘導部15Dが、基体とは別に設けられた支持体によって構成されている。
なお、本発明は上述の実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲において種々の変更、改良等が可能である。
4,4A~4H,4BB 太陽電池素子
4s,4sA~4sD,4sF~4sH,4sBB 基体
5 接続導体
6,6A~6D 太陽電池ストリング
11,13 バスバー電極
12 フィンガー電極
14 集電電極
15,15A~15H,15BB クラック誘導部
17 被膜部
31 クラック
Claims (16)
- 光電変換部を有する基体と、
前記基体の一主面上に相互に離隔して設けられる複数の第1電極と、
前記基体を前記一主面側から平面視または平面透視して、複数の前記第1電極のうち、隣り合う一対の第1電極の間に位置する領域に設けられ、該基体に負荷が加わった際、該基体に発生するクラックの位置を誘導するクラック誘導部と、
を有する太陽電池素子。 - 前記クラック誘導部は、前記基体に設けられている溝部を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の太陽電池素子。
- 前記クラック誘導部は、前記基体に設けられている貫通部を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の太陽電池素子。
- 前記貫通部は、列状に配列されている複数の貫通孔を含むことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の太陽電池素子。
- 前記クラック誘導部は、前記基体に直接的または間接的に接触する第1支持体、および前記基体に対する荷重の付与によって該基体に直接的または間接的に接触する第2支持体のうちの少なくとも一方を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の太陽電池素子。
- 前記基体に直接または他の層を介して被着されている被膜部を更に有し、
前記クラック誘導部は、前記被膜部に形成される凹部を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の太陽電池素子。 - 前記基体に直接または他の層を介して被着されている被膜部を更に有し、
前記クラック誘導部は、前記被膜部が被着されていない非形成部であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の太陽電池素子。 - 前記基体が、該基体の表面側の受光面を成す第1主面と、該基体の裏面側の非受光面を成す第2主面とを有し、
前記クラック誘導部は、前記第2主面側に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項7のいずれか1つの請求項に記載の太陽電池素子。 - 前記クラック誘導部は、直線状であることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項8のいずれか1つの請求項に記載の太陽電池素子。
- 前記第1電極は、線状を成し、
前記クラック誘導部は、前記第1電極の長手方向に沿うことを特徴とする請求項1から請求項9のいずれか1つの請求項に記載の太陽電池素子。 - 矩形状又は正方形状を成し、光電変換部を有する基体と、
前記基体の一主面上に相互に離隔して設けられる複数の第1電極と、を有し、
複数の前記第1電極は、前記基体の一辺に沿って延びるように設けられており、
前記基体は、前記基体を前記一主面側から平面視または平面透視して、複数の前記第1電極のうち、隣り合う一対の第1電極の間に位置する領域に、前記第1電極の長手方向に沿って設けられる溝部および貫通部のうちの少なくとも一方を有することを特徴とする太陽電池素子。 - 前記基体が、該基体の表面側の受光面を成す第1主面と、該基体の裏面側の非受光面を成す第2主面とを有し、
前記溝部は、前記第2主面側に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の太陽電池素子。 - 前記溝部は、直線状であることを特徴とする請求項11または請求項12に記載の太陽電池素子。
- 前記貫通部は、列状に配列されている複数の貫通孔を含むことを特徴とする請求項11に記載の太陽電池素子。
- 前記基体の前記一主面上に位置し、前記第1電極と電気的に接続されている第2電極を更に有することを特徴とする請求項1から請求項14のいずれか1つの請求項に記載の太陽電池素子。
- それぞれが請求項1から請求項15のいずれか1つの請求項に記載の複数の太陽電池素子と、
前記複数の太陽電池素子のうち、隣接する太陽電池素子同士を電気的に接続する接続導体と、を有することを特徴とする太陽電池モジュール。
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JP2011511352A JP5220188B2 (ja) | 2009-04-27 | 2010-03-24 | 太陽電池素子及びこれを用いた太陽電池モジュール |
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