WO2010073588A1 - 鉛蓄電池用格子板、極板及びこの極板を備えた鉛蓄電池 - Google Patents
鉛蓄電池用格子板、極板及びこの極板を備えた鉛蓄電池 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010073588A1 WO2010073588A1 PCT/JP2009/007068 JP2009007068W WO2010073588A1 WO 2010073588 A1 WO2010073588 A1 WO 2010073588A1 JP 2009007068 W JP2009007068 W JP 2009007068W WO 2010073588 A1 WO2010073588 A1 WO 2010073588A1
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- bone
- bones
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
- H01M4/72—Grids
- H01M4/73—Grids for lead-acid accumulators, e.g. frame plates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/06—Lead-acid accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/06—Lead-acid accumulators
- H01M10/12—Construction or manufacture
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/14—Electrodes for lead-acid accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
- H01M4/72—Grids
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/10—Battery-grid making
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a grid plate for a lead storage battery, an electrode plate, and a lead storage battery including the electrode plate.
- Batteries are roughly classified into primary batteries represented by manganese, mercury, alkali and the like, and rechargeable secondary batteries represented by nickel-cadmium, lithium ion, nickel-hydrogen and the like.
- lithium-ion batteries and nickel metal hydride batteries are disadvantageous in terms of price.
- lithium-ion batteries need to be considered in terms of safety, so they can be used in office buildings and hospitals in preparation for power outages.
- Control valve type lead storage batteries are often used as batteries for backup power supplies to be installed, industrial batteries for measures against instantaneous voltage drop, automobile batteries, and the like.
- power generation facilities using natural energy such as power generation facilities using solar cells and wind power generators, have been actively built. In order to level the electric power, it is considered to attach a power storage facility using a secondary battery to the power generation facility. Since such a power storage facility requires a large amount of batteries, it is advantageous to use a lead storage battery as the battery.
- FIG. 16 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of the structure of a control valve type lead storage battery.
- 1 and 2 are a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate, respectively
- 3 is a separator
- the positive electrode plate 1 and the negative electrode plate 2 are laminated
- the positive plates 1, 1,..., The negative plates 2, 2, are alternately stacked via the separators 3 with their positions aligned.
- the strap 5 is a positive strap for connecting the ears provided on the plurality of positive plates 1, 1,... 6 is a negative strap for connecting the ears provided on the plurality of negative plates 2, 2,.
- the strap 5 and the negative strap 6 are respectively provided with a positive pole 5a and a negative pole 6a.
- the electrode plate group 4 is accommodated in the cell chamber 7a of the battery case 7 together with the electrolytic solution.
- the opening at the upper end of the battery case 7 is closed by a lid 8, and the positive pole 5 a and the negative pole 6 a are led out to the outside through holes respectively provided in the positive terminal fitting 9 and the negative terminal fitting 10 cast into the lid 8. Is done.
- the lid 8 is provided with an exhaust plug 11 that opens when the pressure in the battery case exceeds a specified value and opens the pressure in the battery case.
- FIG. 16 Since the example shown in FIG. 16 is a single battery, only one cell chamber is provided in the battery case 7, but when the rated voltage of the battery exceeds 2V, a plurality of cell chambers are provided in the battery case 7. Between the cells in which the electrode plate group is inserted into each cell chamber, and between the straps of a predetermined polarity of the electrode plate group inserted in the adjacent cell chambers through the partition between the cell chambers By being connected to each other via the connecting portion, the batteries respectively configured in the plurality of cell chambers are connected in series or in parallel, and a lead storage battery having a predetermined rated voltage and a rated capacity is configured.
- the electrode plate of the lead storage battery those having various structures such as a clad type, a paste type, and a tudor type are known, but among these, a paste type electrode plate capable of discharging a large current is often used. It has been.
- the paste-type positive electrode plate and negative electrode plate each have a structure in which a grid plate constituting a current collector is filled with a positive electrode active material and a negative electrode active material and held.
- a grid plate constituting the current collector there are a plate manufactured by casting and a plate manufactured by subjecting a plate of lead or lead alloy to expansion processing, but in the present invention, it is manufactured by casting. Intended for lattice plates.
- a lattice plate manufactured by casting has a substantially quadrangular (rectangular or square) outline shape as shown in, for example, Patent Document 1, extends in the horizontal direction, and is a pair of horizontal frames facing the vertical direction.
- a frame portion having a bone and a pair of vertical frame bones extending in the vertical direction and opposed in the horizontal direction; a plurality of horizontal lattice bones and a plurality of vertical lattice bones forming a lattice inside the frame portion; and the frame portion Current collecting ears formed integrally with one of the lateral frame bones.
- a lattice plate constituting the current collector of the positive electrode plate 1 and the negative electrode plate 2 is indicated by reference numeral 20.
- the illustrated lattice plate 20 has a rectangular outline shape, extends in the horizontal direction, and a pair of horizontal frame bones 21a, 21a facing the vertical direction, and a pair of vertical frames extending in the vertical direction and facing the horizontal direction.
- a frame portion 21 having bones 21b and 21b, a plurality of horizontal lattice bones 23 and a plurality of vertical lattice bones 24 forming a lattice 22 inside the frame portion, and one horizontal frame bone 21a of the frame portion 21.
- the portion of the lattice plate where the ears are provided is the upper portion of the lattice plate, and the direction in which the longitudinal frame bone 21b extends (the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal frame bone) is the longitudinal direction of the lattice plate.
- the direction in which the lateral frame bone 21a extends is the lateral direction of the lattice plate, and the direction perpendicular to both the longitudinal direction and the lateral direction of the lattice plate is the thickness direction of the lattice plate.
- the vertical direction, the horizontal direction, and the thickness direction of the electrode plate are directions along the vertical direction, the horizontal direction, and the thickness direction of the lattice plate, respectively.
- the direction along the thickness direction of the lattice plate is defined as the thickness direction
- the direction perpendicular to both the longitudinal direction and the thickness direction is defined as the width direction.
- the grid plate When manufacturing an electrode plate for a lead-acid battery using this type of grid plate, the grid plate is used by a transport means such as a transport belt in a state where the thickness direction of the cast grid plate 20 is directed vertically.
- a paste-like active material is supplied to the grid plate 20 from a paste filling machine disposed above, and the active material is applied to the grid plate.
- the entire grid is filled with paste.
- each part of the lattice plate 20 is shown in a state where it can be visually observed. However, in the state where the lattice plate 20 is filled with an active material, at least the horizontal lattice bone 23 and the vertical lattice bone 24 of the lattice plate 20. Is embedded in the active material.
- Lead-acid batteries will eventually reach the end of their life as their parts deteriorate with use.
- the main cause of lead-acid batteries reaching the end of their life is corrosion (generation of PbO2 due to oxidation) of the grid plate (mainly the grid plate of the positive electrode plate).
- PbO2 has conductivity, it is fragile, and therefore, when the lattice bone of the positive electrode advances, the lattice bone 23 (or 24) breaks or the shape of the lattice bone collapses to hold the active material 27. Will eventually be lost and will eventually reach the end of its life.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a horizontal lattice bone 23 or a vertical lattice bone 24 and an active material 27 of an electrode plate using a conventional lattice plate, taken along a plane perpendicular to the axis of the lattice bone.
- the illustrated lattice bone 23 (or 24) has a hexagonal cross-sectional shape elongated in the thickness direction (vertical direction in FIG. 12) of the electrode plate.
- the active material will not flow easily through the gaps between the lattice bones when filling the lattice plate with the paste-like active material, and the entire lattice bone will be in the active material. It becomes impossible to embed, and a part of the lattice bone may be exposed. If the number of lattice bones is too large, it becomes impossible to fill the lattice plate with an amount of active material necessary to obtain a predetermined battery capacity.
- the conventional lattice plate shown in FIG. 12 uses the same thickness as the lattice bone and secures a gap necessary for allowing the paste-like active material 27 to flow without any trouble between adjacent lattice bones. And the width of the lattice bone so that it is possible to arrange the lattice bone at a density necessary to obtain a predetermined current collecting performance and to hold a predetermined amount of active material on the lattice plate. w and the distance d between lattice bones were set. In addition, the cross-sectional area of the lattice bone has been set according to the desired service life of the battery.
- Patent Document 2 there is also proposed a lattice plate in which a lattice bone is composed of a thin bone and a thick bone so that mechanical strength is given to the thick bone portion.
- the life of a lead storage battery is equivalent to the service life of a power generation means such as a wind power generator or a solar cell (for example, 17 years or more). It is hoped to do. Therefore, as one measure for extending the life of the lead-acid battery, as shown in FIG. 13, the lattice bones 23 and 24 of the lattice plate are resistant to corrosion until the service life reaches the service life, It is conceivable to make it thick enough to maintain sufficient mechanical strength to maintain the function of holding the substance.
- the gap d between the lattice bones becomes remarkably narrow, so that the thickness direction of the lattice plate is directed vertically.
- the paste plate is filled with the paste-like active material from above while being laid down, it becomes difficult to smoothly flow the active material through the lattice bones. Therefore, when the cross-sectional areas of all the lattice bones are increased, it becomes difficult to wrap around the active material below the end faces of the lattice bones 23 and 24 that face downward when filling the active material. As shown in FIG. 13, the lattice bones 23 and / or 24 are exposed from the active material 27, and the lattice bones can be visually recognized.
- the electrode plate in which the active material is incompletely filled is used in the battery as it is, lead sulfate that is passive on the surface of the lattice bone is in direct contact with the lattice bone and sulfuric acid that is the electrolyte. The film is formed. This passive membrane does not return to its original state when charged. If the lattice bone has a surface exposed from the active material, the electrolyte enters the interface between the lattice bone and the active material, and a passive film is generated on the entire peripheral surface of the lattice bone.
- the thick bone portions can have mechanical strength.
- the thickness of the thick bone (the dimension measured in the thickness direction of the pole plate) is the same as the thickness of the frame portion.
- the purpose of the present invention is not only to maintain the function of holding the active material by resisting corrosion for a long period of time, but also a part of the lattice bone is exposed from the active material, and a passive film is formed on the surface of the lattice bone. It is an object of the present invention to provide a grid plate for a lead storage battery that prevents the capacity from being reduced at an early stage due to the formation of the lead and can extend the life of the lead storage battery.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a lead-acid battery electrode plate using the lattice plate.
- Still another object of the present invention is to provide a lead-acid battery that can achieve a long life by using the electrode plate.
- the first invention includes a frame portion having a pair of horizontal frame bones extending in the horizontal direction and opposed in the vertical direction, and a pair of vertical frame bones extending in the vertical direction and opposed in the horizontal direction, and the horizontal frame bones and the vertical frame bones.
- a plurality of horizontal lattice bones and a plurality of vertical lattice bones that are provided so as to extend in parallel and form a lattice inside the frame portion, and a current collecting ear portion integrally formed on one horizontal frame bone of the frame portion
- a lead-acid battery grid plate with
- At least one of the vertical lattice bone and the horizontal lattice bone has a plurality of fine bones having a cross-sectional area that can withstand corrosion during an intended life of the lead-acid battery, and a plurality of cross-sectional areas larger than the fine bones.
- the thick bones and the thin bones are arranged so that the bones adjacent to each thick bone become thin bones.
- the plurality of thick bones have a thickness smaller than the thickness of the frame portion, and the end portion on one end side in the thickness direction and the end portion on the other end side on the one end side in the thickness direction of the frame portion, respectively.
- the width and thickness of the thin bones are set to be smaller than the width and thickness of the thick bone, respectively, and the plurality of thin bones have one end in the thickness direction at one end in the thickness direction of the plurality of thick bones. It is provided in a state of being positioned at a position that is biased toward the plane where the side end is disposed.
- the longitudinal lattice bone and the transverse lattice bone is composed of thick bone and thin bone, even if the corrosion of the portion of the fine bone has progressed and its mechanical strength has decreased, the corrosion will last for a longer period of time. Since the shape of the lattice can be maintained by giving mechanical strength to the thick bone portion that can withstand the stress, the active material retention function of the lattice for a longer period than when all the lattice bones are formed of fine bone Can be maintained.
- the thick bone and the thin bone are arranged so that the lattice bone adjacent to each thick bone becomes a thin bone, a wide space for flowing the paste-like active material to the side of the thick bone Since the space can be secured, the active material can smoothly flow to the other surface side of the lattice plate when the active material is filled from the one surface side of the lattice plate.
- the end portion on one end side and the end portion on the other end side in the thickness direction of each of the plurality of thick bones are respectively set to the end surface on one end side in the thickness direction of the frame portion and the end surface on the other end side.
- the lattice plate when the lattice plate is filled with the active material, if the active material is filled more than the thickness of the frame bone, the lattice bone can be more reliably embedded in the active material. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the lead sulfate film that is a passive film from being formed on the surface of the lattice bone, and the capacity from being reduced at an early stage.
- the lattice portion is provided with a thick bone having a larger cross-sectional area than the thin bone.
- the active material retention function can be maintained by maintaining the shape of the lattice for a long period of time, and a part of the lattice bone is exposed from the active material, and a passive film is generated on the surface of the lattice bone. Can be prevented. Therefore, the lifetime of a lead storage battery can be extended significantly conventionally by comprising the electrode plate (especially positive electrode plate) for lead storage batteries using the grid
- the vertical lattice bone is a thick vertical bone that is the thick bone, and a thin vertical bone that is the thin bone.
- the transverse lattice bone has a thick transverse bone that is the thick bone and a thin transverse bone that is the thin bone.
- the number of lattice bones that can withstand long-term corrosion is increased and lengthened.
- the active material holding function can be maintained over a period of time.
- the presence of the thin vertical bone and the thin horizontal bone can facilitate the flow of the paste-like active material when it is filled.
- the end face can be reliably covered with the active material, and a part of the lattice bone can be prevented from being exposed from the active material. Therefore, the life of the lead storage battery can be extended by using the grid plate according to the present invention for at least the positive electrode plate of the lead storage battery.
- the third invention is applied to the first invention, and in the present invention, the plurality of thin vertical bones and the plurality of thin horizontal bones have thick longitudinal bones at one end in the thickness direction. And it is provided in the state located in the same plane as the plane where the edge part of the one end side of the thickness direction of a thick transverse bone is arrange
- the fourth invention is applied to the second invention.
- the fourth invention is provided per certain area in a region adjacent to one horizontal frame bone (the horizontal frame bone having the ear portion).
- the ratio of the number of thin transverse bones to the number of thick transverse bones is less than the ratio of the number of thin transverse bones to the number of thick transverse bones. Is smaller. That is, the interval at which the thick horizontal bones are arranged is narrowed in the region near the other horizontal frame bone.
- the fifth invention is applied to the second invention.
- the thick vertical bone and the thin vertical bone constituting the vertical lattice bone are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the horizontal frame bone with the thick vertical bone and the thin vertical bone. It is provided so that the bones are arranged alternately.
- the first region and the second region are respectively set on one side frame bone side where the ear portion is provided and on the other side frame bone side located away from the ear portion,
- both the lateral frame bone and the other lateral frame bone are regarded as thick transverse bones
- the number of fine transverse bones arranged between the adjacent thick transverse bones in the first region is adjacent in the second region.
- the number of thin transverse bones in the first region and the second region is set so as to be larger than the number of thin transverse bones arranged between the matching thick transverse bones. That is, in the second region, the interval at which the thick transverse bone is arranged is narrow.
- the sixth invention is applied to the fifth invention.
- the number of thin transverse bones arranged between the thick transverse bones adjacent in the first region is 4, and the second invention
- the number of fine transverse bones arranged between adjacent thick transverse bones in the region is 3.
- the ratio of the number of thin transverse bones to the number of thick transverse bones is increased in the region near the ears, and the number of thick transverse bones is increased in the regions far from the ears.
- the number of thin transverse bones provided between the large transverse bones in the first region close to the ear part is increased, and in the second region far from the ear part, the fine transverse bone provided between the thick transverse bones.
- the long vertical bones and thin longitudinal bones are arranged so that the long vertical bones and the thin vertical bones are alternately arranged in the longitudinal direction of the horizontal frame bones. If provided, a wider space can be secured on the side of the thick longitudinal bone, facilitating the flow of the active material when filling the active material, and smoothly filling the active material below the lattice bone It is possible to reliably prevent a part of the lattice bone from being exposed without being covered with the active material.
- the four thin transverse bones are arranged between adjacent thick transverse bones and separated from the ear part.
- the current collecting resistance is reduced in the region away from the ear portions, Not only can prevent the voltage drop from increasing at the distant lattice bone part, but also the effect of facilitating the filling of the active material to prevent the lattice bone part from being exposed. It has been confirmed by experiments that
- the seventh invention is applied to the second invention.
- the value obtained by dividing the width of the thick vertical bone by the width of the thin vertical bone, and the thickness of the thick vertical bone is the thickness of the thin vertical bone.
- the value divided by the thickness, the value obtained by dividing the width of the thick transverse bone by the width of the thin transverse bone, and the value obtained by dividing the thickness of the thick transverse bone by the thickness of the thin transverse bone are in the range of 1.1 to 1.5. Is set.
- the width and thickness of the thick bone and the width and thickness of the thin bone are set appropriately.
- the active material can be smoothly flowed when filling the active material, so that the entire lattice bone can be securely embedded in the active material, and the active material is securely held on the lattice plate. It was confirmed that the life of the electrode plate can be extended.
- the transverse lattice bone includes the thick transverse bone which is the thick bone and the fine transverse bone which is the fine bone.
- a lattice bone consists only of the thick vertical bone which is the said thick bone.
- the space formed on the side of the thick bone is made wider than when all lattice bones are composed of thick bones. Therefore, the flow of the active material can be facilitated, the active material can be smoothly filled into the lattice plate, and the probability that an electrode plate in which a part of the lattice bone is exposed is less likely to be manufactured. can do. Also, in this case, the number of thick vertical bones that can withstand long-term corrosion can be increased as compared with the case where the vertical lattice bone is composed of large vertical bones and thin vertical bones. The active material holding function of the lattice can be held over a long period of time.
- the ninth invention is applied to the eighth invention, and in the present invention, the plurality of thin horizontal bones have the thicknesses of the thick vertical bone and the thick horizontal bone at the ends on one end side in the respective thickness directions. It is provided in a state of being positioned on the same plane as the plane on which the end on one end side in the direction is arranged.
- the tenth invention is applied to the eighth invention.
- the tenth invention is provided per certain area in a region adjacent to one horizontal frame bone (the horizontal frame bone provided with the ear portion).
- the ratio of the number of thin transverse bones to the number of thick transverse bones is less than the ratio of the number of thin transverse bones to the number of thick transverse bones. Is smaller. That is, the interval at which the thick horizontal bones are arranged is narrowed in the region near the other horizontal frame bone.
- the eleventh aspect of the invention is applied to the eighth aspect of the invention, and in the present invention, on one side frame bone side where the ear part is provided and on the other side frame bone side located away from the ear part.
- the ratio of the number of thin transverse bones to the number of thick transverse bones is a first ratio, and the ratio of the number of thin transverse bones to the number of thick transverse bones is less than the first ratio.
- a second area having the ratio of is set. That is, in the second region, the interval at which the thick transverse bone is arranged is narrow.
- the average value of the electrical resistance of the lattice bone can be reduced as the distance from the ear portion increases, so that the current collecting resistance can be reduced and the distance from the ear portion can be reduced. It is possible to prevent an increase in voltage drop at the lattice bone portion.
- a twelfth invention relates to an electrode plate for a lead storage battery using the grid plate according to the present invention.
- the grid plate according to any one of the first to eleventh inventions is filled with an active material.
- the electrode plate for the lead storage battery is configured.
- a thirteenth invention relates to a lead-acid battery using the grid plate according to the present invention.
- the positive electrode plate is connected to the grid plate according to any of the first to eleventh inventions. It has the structure filled with.
- the negative electrode plate may also have a configuration in which a lattice plate according to any of the first to eleventh inventions is filled with a negative electrode active material, but the configuration of the negative electrode plate is any one of the first to eleventh inventions.
- the present invention is not limited to the case where the lattice plate is used.
- At least one of the longitudinal lattice bone and the transverse lattice bone is constituted by the thick bone and the thin bone, and therefore, even in a state where the mechanical strength is lowered due to the progress of corrosion of the thin bone portion, it is longer. It is possible to maintain the shape of the lattice by providing mechanical strength to the thick bone part that resists corrosion of the lattice, and to maintain the active material of the lattice for a longer period than when all the lattice bones are formed by fine bones The function can be maintained.
- the thick bone and the thin bone are arranged so that the lattice bone adjacent to each thick bone is a thin bone, the paste-like active material is made to flow to the side of the thick bone.
- a wide space can be secured, and when the active material is filled from the one surface side of the lattice plate, the active material can smoothly flow to the other surface side of the lattice plate.
- the end portion on one end side and the end portion on the other end side in the thickness direction of each of the plurality of thick bones are respectively connected to the end surface on one end side and the end surface on the other end side in the thickness direction of the frame portion. Is provided in a state of being positioned inside the thickness direction, so that both ends of the thick bone in the thickness direction can be embedded in the active material when the lattice plate is filled with the active material.
- the end of one end in the thickness direction of each of the plurality of thin bones is positioned at a position biased toward the plane where the end of the one end in the thickness direction of the thick bone is disposed.
- the lattice is composed of fine bones and thick bones to increase the mechanical strength of the lattices, and both the fine bones and the thick bones are reliably embedded in the active material. Therefore, the active material holding function of the lattice can be maintained by resisting corrosion for a long time. Also, when the active material is filled, the end on one end side in the thickness direction of the thin bone is positioned at a position biased toward the plane where the end on the one end side in the thickness direction of the thick bone is arranged. The active material can easily flow toward the end of the thick bone in the thickness direction, so that a part of the lattice bone is exposed from the active material when filling the active material.
- the electrode plate for lead-acid batteries (particularly the positive electrode plate) using the grid body according to the present invention, the life of the battery can be greatly extended compared to the conventional technology.
- a long-life lead-acid battery having a life comparable to that of power generation means using natural energy such as a solar battery can be realized.
- FIG. 1 is a front view of a grid plate for a lead storage battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the electrode plate formed by filling the lattice plate of FIG. 1 with an active material along the line II-II of FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the electrode plate formed by filling the lattice plate of FIG. 1 with an active material along the line III-III of FIG.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the electrode plate formed by filling the lattice plate of FIG. 1 with an active material along the line IV-IV of FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the method of providing the lattice bone in the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing another modification of the method for providing the lattice bone in the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing another modification of the method for providing the lattice bone in the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing still another modified example of the method of providing the lattice bone in the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view of a reference configuration example of an electrode plate using a grid plate targeted by the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an active material filling state of an electrode plate using a lattice plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of an active material filling state of an electrode plate using a grid plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing an active material filling state of an electrode plate configured by filling a conventional lattice plate with an active material.
- FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a filling state of an active material when a lattice is constituted by only thick bones.
- FIG. 14 shows the amount of corrosion of a lattice measured in a life acceleration test performed on a positive electrode plate using a lattice body according to various embodiments of the present invention by converting the elapsed time in the test into the actual years of use. It is the graph shown with respect to the conversion years.
- FIG. 15 is a graph showing the results of a variation suppression test performed on an example of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of the configuration of the lead storage battery.
- the lattice plate according to the present invention can be formed of an alloy material in which the main raw material is lead and an alloy material such as tin, calcium, antimony, or sodium is added thereto. It is particularly preferable to use both tin and calcium as the alloy material added to the main raw material. Addition of calcium can reduce the rate of self-discharge. When calcium is added to the main raw material (lead), there arises a problem that bone corrosion easily occurs. However, bone corrosion can be suppressed by adding tin.
- the lattice plate includes a frame portion, a lattice provided inside the frame portion, and a current collecting ear portion provided in the frame portion.
- the frame portion is constituted by a pair of horizontal frame bones facing in the vertical direction and a pair of vertical frame bones facing in the horizontal direction, and a current collecting ear is provided on one of the horizontal frame bones.
- the lattice provided inside the frame portion is composed of a horizontal lattice bone extending parallel to the horizontal frame bone and a vertical lattice bone extending parallel to the vertical frame bone.
- the frame portion composed of the horizontal frame bone and the vertical frame bone defines the outer shape of the lattice plate.
- the shape of the frame portion is not limited to a specific shape, but is preferably a shape adapted to the internal shape of the battery case (exterior case) of the lead storage battery to be finally used.
- the outline shape of the frame portion can be a square or a rectangle.
- the long side dimension can be 370 to 390 mm, and the short side dimension can be 130 to 150 mm.
- said dimension is a dimension comparable as the electrode plate of the industrial lead acid battery generally used,
- the battery case which accommodates the electrode plate comprised using the grid body of said dimension, and this battery case are closed. A commonly used lid can be used as it is.
- the cross-sectional shapes of the horizontal frame bone and the vertical frame bone are not particularly limited, but it is preferable to have a shape that has a large contact area with the active material and can be easily filled with the active material. More specifically, the cross-sectional shape of the horizontal frame bone and the vertical frame bone can be a rhombus or hexagonal cross-sectional shape that is long in the thickness direction of the lattice plate.
- the thickness of the horizontal frame bone and the vertical frame bone is not particularly limited, but is preferably 5 mm or more. In the present invention, it is important that the thickness of the inner bone (lattice bone) constituting the lattice inside the frame portion is less than the thickness of the frame bone. If the thickness of the horizontal frame bone and the vertical frame bone is standardized with a dimension of 5 mm or more, the inner bone is thickened or the lattice is filled with an active material in order to withstand the corrosion over a long period of time. At this time, it is easy to design the inner bone to be thin so as not to expose a part of the lattice.
- Electrode part Current collecting ears are provided on the frame of the lattice plate.
- edge part is used in order to connect the strap which connects the electrode plates of the same polarity of an electrode group.
- the shape, number, thickness, material, etc. of the ear are not particularly limited, but should be formed in an appropriate shape and size according to the shape of the battery case and its lid and the shape of the electrode plate. Is preferred.
- the number of the ears is preferably one, and the thickness is preferably about the same as the thickness of the frame bone.
- the ear portion is preferably formed of the same material as the frame portion and the lattice portion.
- the vertical lattice bone and the horizontal lattice bone are necessary for maintaining the outer shape of the frame portion, holding the active material, and causing the active material to charge and discharge.
- the number of longitudinal lattice bones and horizontal lattice bones is not particularly limited, but if the number is increased too much, the gap between lattice bones becomes too narrow when filling the active material, and it faces downward when filling the active material. It becomes difficult for the active material to wrap around the back side of the lattice. On the other hand, when the number of lattice bones is too small, not only is it difficult to hold the filled active material, but also active charge / discharge reaction of the active material cannot be performed.
- the number of longitudinal lattice bones and transverse lattice bones can be easily filled with the active material, can reliably hold the active material, does not interfere with the charge / discharge reaction of the active material, and is used. It is preferable to set the number to an appropriate number so that the amount of the active material necessary for the discharge capacity of the lead storage battery to be used can be secured.
- the cross-sectional shapes of the vertical lattice bone and the horizontal lattice bone are not particularly limited, but the contact area with the active material is large, the active material can be reliably held, and the active material can be easily filled. It is preferable to have a shape that can be used.
- the cross-sectional shapes of the vertical lattice bone and the horizontal lattice bone can be a rhombus or a hexagon that is long in the thickness direction of the lattice plate (the thickness direction of the electrode plate).
- the material of the vertical lattice bone and the horizontal lattice bone may be the same as or different from the horizontal frame bone and vertical frame bone described above.
- the material constituting the vertical lattice bone and the horizontal lattice bone is the material constituting the horizontal frame bone and the vertical frame bone.
- the plurality of vertical lattice bones and / or horizontal lattice bones used in the present invention are not set to the same thickness, but are set with a certain margin so that they can withstand corrosion for a desired lifetime.
- the thick bone and the thin bone are arranged so that the bone adjacent to each thick bone is necessarily a thin bone.
- the cross-sectional area of the fine bone can be determined based on experimental data.
- the cross-sectional area of the thick bone is thick enough to maintain the lattice shape in the initial shape even when the set bone life approaches and the corrosion of the lattice bone advances and the mechanical strength of the fine bone decreases. Set it to the size required to give it.
- the cross-sectional area of the thick bone can also be determined based on experimental data.
- the plurality of thick bones provided on at least one of the horizontal lattice bone and the vertical lattice bone are formed so as to have a thickness smaller than the thickness of the frame portion.
- the end portions of the frame portions are positioned on the inner side in the thickness direction with respect to the end surface on one end side in the thickness direction of the frame portion and the end surface on the other end side, and the end portions on one end side in the thickness direction are on the same plane. Arranged in a positioned state.
- the thin bones provided in at least one of the horizontal lattice bone and the vertical lattice bone are configured to have a width smaller than the width of the thick bone and a thickness smaller than the thickness of the thick bone. At least one of the thin bones is necessarily arranged next to the thick bone so that the thick bone is not continuously arranged.
- the plurality of thin bones are provided in a state where the end portions on one end side in the thickness direction are arranged at positions deviated toward the plane where the end portions on the one end side in the thickness direction of the plurality of thick bones are disposed.
- the shape of the back side (the other end side in the thickness direction) of the lattice plate that faces downward when the active material is filled into the lattice body is such that the thick bone protrudes downward and the fine bone is recessed. Since a wide space can be formed under each fine bone as the arranged shape, it is easy to flow the active material under the thick bone, and a part of the lattice is not covered with the active material Can be prevented.
- the end portions on one end side in the thickness direction of each of the plurality of thin bones are on the same plane as the plane on which the end portions on one end side in the thickness direction of the plurality of thick bones are arranged. Provided in a positioned state.
- the thickness of the thick bone is the same as the thickness of the frame portion, one end in the thickness direction of the thick bone is positioned on the same plane as the one end in the thickness direction of the frame portion, and the other end in the thickness direction of the thick bone is
- the thick bone is provided so as to be positioned on the same plane as the other end in the thickness direction of the frame portion, the end portion in the thickness direction of the thick bone is exposed when the active material is filled. Inevitable.
- the end of the thick bone that faces upward when filling the active material can be filled in the active material by supplying more active material, but the end of the thick bone that faces downward when filling the active material It is difficult to cover the part with an active material.
- a lead storage battery is configured using a positive electrode plate in which the end of the thick bone is exposed without being covered with the active material, the exposed end of the thick bone not only directly contacts the electrolyte solution, Since the electrolyte enters through the interface between the bone and the active material and the electrolyte directly contacts the surface of the thick bone, a passive film (lead sulfate) is generated on the surface of the thick bone.
- the thickness of the thick bone is made thinner than the thickness of the frame portion, and not only the both ends in the thickness direction of the fine bone but also the both ends in the thickness direction of the thick bone are the frame portion.
- the thick and thin bones can be completely covered with the active material, so lead using an electrode plate obtained by filling the grid with the active material
- a storage battery it is possible to prevent the electrolyte solution from coming into direct contact with the lattice bone and prevent the formation of a passive film on the surface of the lattice bone. Can be extended.
- the thick bone and the thin bone are arranged so that the bone adjacent to each thick bone is a thin bone, but the thickness (width and thickness) of the thin bone constituting the horizontal lattice bone and the vertical lattice bone ) Is not necessarily one type, and a plurality of types of fine bones having different widths and thicknesses can be provided.
- the number of thin bones disposed between the frame bone and the thick bone and between the thick bone and the thick bone may be one or plural.
- the vertical lattice bone and the horizontal lattice bone can be provided with a thick bone and a thin bone on only one of them, and the other can be composed of bones of the same thickness.
- both the longitudinal lattice bone and the transverse lattice bone are constituted by thick bones and thin bones. preferable.
- the cross-sectional shape of the thick bone and the thin bone constituting each of the horizontal lattice bone and the vertical lattice bone is not particularly limited, but it has a large contact area with the active material and can be easily filled with the active material. Preferably there is. More specifically, the cross-sectional shapes of the thick bone and the thin bone constituting each of the horizontal lattice bone and the vertical lattice bone can be a rhombus or a hexagon that is long in the thickness direction.
- the thin bones and the thick bones constituting the vertical lattice bones are respectively referred to
- the thin and thick bones constituting the longitudinal lattice bone are referred to as the thin bone and the thick longitudinal bone
- the thin and thick bones constituting the transverse lattice bone are referred to as the thin transverse bone and the thick longitudinal bone, respectively. Distinguish between thin and thick bones.
- a plurality of vertical lattice bones are composed of thin vertical bones and thick vertical bones. It is preferable to arrange them alternately.
- the electrical resistance of the grid increases as it moves away from the ear, and the voltage drop generated at the grid bone increases as it moves away from the ear. For this reason, the current flowing between the lattice bone and the active material at a location far from the ear is limited, and the charge / discharge reaction of the active material is hardly performed actively at a location away from the ear.
- the ratio of the number of thin transverse bones provided per certain area in the area adjacent to one lateral frame bone provided with the ear part to the number of thick transverse bones are arranged so that the ratio of the number of fine transverse bones provided per fixed area to the number of thick transverse bones is smaller in the region near the other lateral frame bone away from the ear part.
- the number of thin transverse bones corresponding to the number of large transverse bones on one lateral frame bone side where the ears are provided and the other lateral frame bone side which is located away from the ears respectively.
- a first region in which the ratio is the first ratio and a second region in which the ratio of the number of thin horizontal bones to the number of the thick horizontal bones is set to a second ratio that is smaller than the first ratio are set.
- the ratio of the number of thin transverse bones to the number of thick transverse bones in the first region and the second region is not particularly limited, but in the first region, 4 is adjacent to one thick transverse bone.
- the ratio of the number of large transverse bones to the number of thin transverse bones is set so that three thin transverse bones are arranged next to one large transverse bone in the second region. It is preferable to do this.
- the paste-like active material can be easily filled while suppressing an increase in the electrical resistance (voltage drop) of the lattice as the distance from the ear portion increases. be able to.
- the thickness (cross-sectional area) of the thick transverse bone and the thick longitudinal bone may be the same or different.
- the thickness of the thick transverse bone and the thickness of the thick longitudinal bone can be made different.
- the thickness of the thick transverse bone is made larger than the thickness of the longitudinal thick bone, the cavity for casting the horizontal lattice bone of the mold for casting the lattice plate is oriented in the vertical direction, and the lattice is formed by the gravity casting method.
- a large amount of molten lead can flow smoothly through a cavity with a large cross-sectional area for casting a large transverse bone (a cavity extending in the vertical direction).
- the molten metal flow can be made smooth to facilitate casting.
- the relationship between the thickness of the thick bone and the thickness of the thin bone is set appropriately in consideration of the ease of filling the active material, the life of the electrode plate, and the like.
- the value obtained by dividing the width of the thick bone by the width of the thin bone and the value obtained by dividing the thickness of the thick bone by the thickness of the thin bone are respectively The relationship between the thickness of the thick bone and the thickness of the thin bone so that both of these evaluation values fall within the range of 1.1 to 1.5. Set.
- the value obtained by dividing the width of the thick vertical bone by the width of the thin vertical bone the value obtained by dividing the thickness of the thick vertical bone by the thickness of the thin vertical bone, and the width of the thick horizontal bone divided by the width of the thin horizontal bone.
- the relationship between the thickness of the thick bone and the thickness of the fine bone is set so that the value obtained by dividing the value and the thickness of the thick horizontal bone by the thickness of the thin horizontal bone falls within the range of 1.1 to 1.5.
- the evaluation value of the thickness of the thick bone is less than 1.1.
- the thickness of the bone becomes thicker and the width becomes narrower, when filling the lattice plate with one end side in the thickness direction of the lattice plate on the bottom side (back side) of the lattice plate, Since the space formed below becomes narrow, it becomes difficult for the active material to flow under each thick bone, and a state where a part of the thick bone is not covered with the active material may occur.
- the process proceeds to the step of aging and drying the active material following the step of filling the active material.
- the active material easily falls off the lattice plate.
- the thickness and width of the thick bone are constant, the cross-sectional area of the thin bone is constant and the width of the thin bone is changed, and the evaluation value of the width of the thick bone is less than 1.1, Although the thickness is reduced, the width becomes too wide and the gap between the thin bone and the thick bone becomes narrow, and the active material can flow smoothly when the lattice plate is filled with the active material. Disappear.
- the thickness and width of the fine bone are constant, the cross-sectional area of the thick bone is constant, and the thickness of the thick bone is changed, the evaluation value of the thickness of the thick bone is less than 1.1, The thickness of the thick bone becomes too large, and the thickness of the thick bone cannot be set to be less than the thickness of the frame portion.
- the cross-sectional area of the thick bone is constant, and the width of the thick bone is changed, if the evaluation value of the width of the thick bone is less than 1.1, Since the width becomes too wide, the distance between the thin bone and the thick bone becomes narrow, and the active material cannot flow smoothly when the lattice plate is filled with the active material.
- the thickness and width of the thick bone are constant, the cross-sectional area of the thin bone is constant, and the thickness width of the thin bone is changed, the evaluation value of the thickness of the thick bone exceeds 1.5.
- the width of the fine bone becomes too wide, and the active material cannot flow smoothly when the lattice plate is filled with the active material.
- the thickness and width of the thick bone are constant, the cross-sectional area of the thin bone is constant, and the width of the thin bone is changed, if the evaluation value of the width of the thick bone exceeds 1.5,
- the thickness of the active material is filled, there is not enough space to be formed below the fine bones, and the active material cannot be wrapped under the thick bones to expose the end surfaces of the thick bones. This may result in
- the thickness and width of the thin bone are constant, the cross-sectional area of the thick bone is constant, and the thickness of the thick bone is changed, when the evaluation value of the thickness of the thick bone exceeds 1.5, The thickness of the thick bone becomes too thick, and the thickness of the thick bone cannot be made smaller than the thickness of the frame portion.
- the cross-sectional area of the thick bone is constant, and the width of the thick bone is changed, if the evaluation value of the width of the thick bone exceeds 1.5, Since the width becomes too wide and the gap between the thick bone and the thin bone becomes narrow, the active material cannot flow smoothly when the lattice plate is filled with the active material.
- the width and thickness of the thick bone and the width and thickness of the thin bone are set appropriately.
- the size of the active material it is possible to smoothly flow the active material when filling the active material to prevent a part of the lattice from being exposed, and to ensure that the active material is retained on the lattice plate. The battery life can be extended.
- an active material prepared in a paste form is filled in the grid plate.
- This active material is not particularly limited, but kneaded lead powder containing lead monoxide, water, sulfuric acid, etc. (cut fiber, carbon powder, lignin, barium sulfate, lead tan etc. according to the characteristics of the positive electrode and negative electrode)
- the additive may be added in some cases.
- the amount of the active material to be filled is not a problem as long as the bones (thin bones and thick bones) formed inside the frame bone are completely hidden, but it is desirable to fill up the thickness of the frame bone or more.
- the gravity casting method is a method in which a raw material metal (alloy) of a grid plate is melted, and this molten metal (alloy) is cast by casting into a mold made of a material that can withstand the temperature of the molten metal.
- the reason why it is preferable to use the gravity casting method is that, in the gravity casting method, there is no theoretical limit to the thickness of the lattice that can be cast, and it is easy to manufacture a lattice having a thick lattice bone and a fine lattice bone.
- the resulting grid plate has excellent current collecting characteristics and corrosion resistance.
- the electrode plate according to the present invention is produced by filling the above-mentioned paste-like active material into a grid plate by a paste filling machine, aging and drying.
- the time and temperature for aging and drying are not particularly limited, but it is preferable to adjust to a suitable value depending on the thickness of the lattice plate and the physical properties of the active material.
- the configuration of the lead storage battery according to the present invention is not particularly limited, except that at least the grid plate according to the present invention is used for the positive electrode plate.
- the lead-acid battery is manufactured from members such as a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, dilute sulfuric acid as an electrolytic solution, a separator (such as a glass fiber retainer), a battery case, and a lid.
- the separator interposed between the positive electrode plate 1 and the negative electrode plate 2
- the positive electrode plates 1 and the negative electrode plates 2 are alternately stacked one by one, and the ears of the same electrode plate Are connected by straps 5 and 6 to constitute the electrode plate group 4.
- the electrode plate group 4 is put in a battery case 7 and covered, and after dilute sulfuric acid is injected, chemical conversion is performed to complete a lead storage battery.
- FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a lattice plate 20 according to the present invention.
- the illustrated lattice plate 20 includes a frame portion 21 having a rectangular outline shape and a lattice 22 formed inside the frame portion 21.
- the frame portion 21 has a pair of horizontal frame bones 21a and 21a extending in the horizontal direction and opposed in the vertical direction, and a pair of vertical frame bones 21b and 21b extending in the vertical direction and opposed in the horizontal direction.
- a current collecting ear portion 25 for connecting a strap (not shown) is integrally formed on one lateral frame bone 21 a of the member 21.
- the other horizontal frame bone 21a of the frame portion 21 abuts against the bottom surface of the cell chamber, and the lower end of the frame portion 21 is made lower than the bottom wall of the cell chamber.
- a pair of feet 26 and 26 are formed to be held in a floating state.
- the lattice 22 is provided so as to extend in parallel with the horizontal frame bone 21a, and a plurality (26 in the illustrated example) of the horizontal lattice bones 23 are arranged side by side with a certain interval in the longitudinal direction of the vertical frame bone 21b. , 23,... And a plurality of (9 in the illustrated example) vertical lattices arranged so as to extend in parallel with the longitudinal frame bone 21b and arranged at a certain interval in the longitudinal direction of the lateral frame bone 21a.
- the lattice lattice 22 is constituted by the transverse lattice bones 23, 23,.
- the horizontal lattice bone 23 includes a plurality of (21 in the illustrated example) fine bones 23a having a cross-sectional area that can withstand corrosion during the life of the lead-acid battery, and a plurality of (in the illustrated example) having a larger cross-sectional area than the fine bones 23a.
- the thick bones 23b and the thin bones 23a are arranged so that the bones adjacent to the respective thick bones 23b become the thin bones 23a.
- the vertical lattice bone 24 has a plurality of (five in the illustrated example) fine bones 24a having a cross-sectional area that can withstand corrosion during the life of the lead-acid battery, and a plurality of cross-sectional areas larger than the fine bones 24a ( The thick bone 24b and the thin bone 24a are arranged so that the bone adjacent to each thick bone 24b becomes the thin bone 24a.
- the fine bones constituting the transverse lattice bone 23 are distinguished.
- 23a and the thick bone 23b are called a thin transverse bone and a thick transverse bone, respectively
- the thin bone 24a and the thick bone 24b constituting the longitudinal lattice bone 24 are called a thin longitudinal bone and a thick longitudinal bone, respectively.
- the horizontal frame bone 21a (see FIG. 3) and the vertical frame bone 21b (see FIG. 2) constituting the frame portion 21 have a vertically long hexagonal cross-sectional shape. It is formed to have.
- the thin transverse bone 23a (see FIG. 3) and the thin longitudinal bone 24a (see FIG. 2) constituting the lattice 22 have a vertically long hexagonal cross-sectional shape
- the bone 24b (see FIG. 2) has a substantially regular hexagonal cross-sectional shape.
- the plurality of thick transverse bones 23 b and thick longitudinal bones 24 b have a predetermined width W and a thickness T smaller than the thickness of the frame portion 21.
- the end portions 23b1 and 24b1 on the one end side in the vertical direction and the end portions 23b2 and 24b2 on the other end side are respectively inward in the thickness direction than the end surface 21A on the one end side in the thickness direction of the frame portion 21 and the end surface 21B on the other end side.
- end portions 23b1 and 24b1 on one end side in the thickness direction are disposed on the same plane.
- the plurality of thin horizontal bones 23a and the thin vertical bones 24a are formed to have a width w and a thickness t smaller than the width W and the thickness T of the thick horizontal bones 23b and the thick vertical bones 24b.
- the plurality of thin horizontal bones 23a and the thin vertical bones 24a are end portions 23a1 and 24a1 on one end side in the thickness direction, and end portions 23b1 on one end side in the thickness direction of the plurality of thick horizontal bones 23b and thick vertical bones 24b.
- 24b1 are provided on the same plane as the plane on which they are arranged.
- the plurality of thin horizontal bones 23a and the thin vertical bones 24a are end portions 23a1 and 24a1 on one end side in the thickness direction of the thick transverse bones 23b and one end in the thickness direction of the thick vertical bones 24b.
- the end portions 23b1 and 24a1 on the one end side in the thickness direction are not necessarily provided in a state where the end portions 23b1 and 24b1 on the side are disposed at positions deviated toward the plane where the end portions 23b1 and 24b1 are arranged.
- the end portions 23b1 and 24b1 on one end side in the thickness direction of the horizontal bone 23b and the thick vertical bone 24b do not need to be positioned on the same plane. For example, as shown in FIG.
- end portions 23a1 and 24a1 on one end side of the plurality of thin transverse bones 23a and thin longitudinal bones 24a are replaced with end portions 23b1 and 24b1 on one end side of the large transverse bones 23b and thick longitudinal bones 24b. It may be positioned slightly inward in the thickness direction.
- the fine lattice bone 24 is configured so that the thick vertical bones 24b and the thin vertical bones 24a are alternately arranged in the longitudinal direction of the lateral frame bone 21a. Longitudinal bone 24a and thick longitudinal bone 24b are provided.
- the first surface A1 located on the side of the one side frame bone 21a provided with the ear portion 25 on the main surface (the surface having the largest area) of the lattice plate is separated from the ear portion 25.
- the second region A2 located on the other side of the lateral frame bone 21a is set, and the main surface of the lattice plate is set to 2 in the first region A1 and the second region A2 aligned in the vertical direction. It is divided. Then, the ratio of the number of fine horizontal bones 23a existing per fixed area in the first region to the number of large horizontal bones 23b is defined as the first ratio, and the fine horizontal bones 23a existing per fixed area in the second region A2.
- the first area and the second area are set so that the second ratio is less than the first ratio.
- Different numbers of fine bones are provided.
- the horizontal frame bones 21a and 21a are regarded as thick bones, in the first region A1, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, between the adjacent thick horizontal bones 23b and 23b.
- Four thin transverse bones 23a are arranged, and in the second region A2, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, three thin transverse bones 23a are arranged between adjacent thick transverse bones 23b and 23b.
- a large transverse bone 23b and a thin transverse bone 23a constituting the transverse lattice bone 23 are provided. That is, the distance between the thick transverse bones 23b in the second region is narrower than the distance between the thick transverse bones 23b in the first region A1.
- the grid plate When producing an electrode plate for a lead storage battery using a grid plate, the grid plate is placed on a transport means such as a transport belt in a state where the thickness direction of the cast grid plate 20 is directed vertically.
- the paste-like active material is supplied to the grid plate 20 from the paste filling machine arranged above, and the active material is applied to the grid plate, and the applied active material is added to the thickness of the grid plate.
- the paste-like active material is filled in the entire lattice by being pushed from one end side (upper end side) to the other end side (lower end side) and flowing through the mesh of the lattice.
- the thick transverse bone and the thick longitudinal bone are provided with a function of maintaining the lattice shape in a predetermined shape over the lifetime of the battery. Therefore, in manufacturing the lattice plate of the present invention, the number of large transverse bones and large longitudinal bones is set to the number necessary to maintain the shape of the lattice for a desired lifetime, but the lattice plates are filled. In order not to reduce the amount of active material to be obtained, the number of thick transverse bones and thick longitudinal bones is set so as not to be too large.
- the cross-sectional areas of the large transverse bone and the large longitudinal bone are the minimum necessary to maintain the shape of the lattice body over the desired lifetime without reducing the amount of active material that can be filled in the lattice plate. Set to the limit thickness (so as not to be too thick).
- the cross-sectional area of the thin transverse bone and the thin longitudinal bone has a function of holding a predetermined shape and holding an active material for a desired life period on the premise of borrowing the force of the thick transverse bone and the thick longitudinal bone. It is set to a size suitable for maintenance (a size smaller than the cross-sectional areas of the thick transverse bone and the thick longitudinal bone).
- variety of a thin horizontal bone and a thin vertical bone is set to the magnitude
- the width of the narrow transverse bone and the narrow longitudinal bone is too large, the flow of the active material is facilitated to improve the ease of filling the active material, and part of the lattice is not covered with the active material. This not only prevents the effect of the present invention from preventing the occurrence of a state, but also reduces the amount of active material that can be filled in the lattice plate.
- the cross-sectional area of the thin transverse bone and the thin longitudinal bone is too small, the corrosion of the thin transverse bone and the thin longitudinal bone reaches the deep part early and the mechanical strength is lowered. Even if borrowed, it becomes impossible to maintain the shape of the thin transverse bone and the thin longitudinal bone, and the active material holding function is lowered.
- the thickness of the frame is too thin, the thickness of the thick bone set below the thickness of the frame will be too thin, and the period until the corrosion of the lattice bone will reach its limit will be shortened, and the life of the electrode plate Tends to be shorter.
- the thickness of the frame portion is too thin, the thickness of the fine bones becomes too thin, which may reduce the active material holding ability.
- the thickness of the frame can be set to 5 mm or more, and the thicknesses of the thick and thin transverse bones and the thick and thin longitudinal bones constituting the lattice bone can be set to appropriate values within a range of less than 5 mm. By doing so, it is possible to meet both the requirement for extending the life of the electrode plate and the requirement for increasing the ease of filling the active material without reducing the retention capacity of the active material.
- the frame is a rectangle having the same size as that of the grid plate used in industrial lead-acid batteries, for example, a rectangle having a long side of 370 to 390 mm and a short side of 130 to 150 mm. It is preferable to form in the form of
- the dimension of the frame portion of the lattice plate is set to the above value, a relatively large electrode plate can be manufactured, and a battery having a large discharge capacity can be manufactured by using a large number of these electrode plates.
- the dimension of the above grid plate is about the same as the size of the grid plate used in industrial lead-acid batteries, it can be used without changing the battery case, lid, etc. of conventional industrial lead-acid batteries. A lead storage battery having a large discharge capacity and a long life can be obtained.
- the vertical lattice bones are provided so that the thick vertical bones and the thin vertical bones are alternately arranged along the longitudinal direction of the lateral frame bones 21a and 21b.
- the vertical lattice bone is arranged so that two fine vertical bones 24a are arranged next to the thick vertical bone 24b. It may be configured.
- both the horizontal lattice bone and the vertical lattice bone are constituted by the thin bone and the thick bone.
- at least one of the vertical lattice bone and the horizontal lattice bone is used for the lifetime of the lead storage battery. It has a plurality of thin bones having a cross-sectional area that can withstand inter-corrosion and a plurality of thick bones having a cross-sectional area larger than that of the thin bones, so that the bones adjacent to each thick bone become thin bones.
- What is necessary is just to have the structure by which the bone
- only the horizontal lattice bone may be composed of a thick transverse bone and a thin transverse bone
- the longitudinal lattice bone may be composed only of a thick longitudinal bone.
- the transverse lattice bone is constituted by the thick transverse bone and the thin transverse bone
- the longitudinal lattice bone is constituted only by the thick longitudinal bone
- the ratio of the number of thin transverse bones to the number of thick transverse bones on the other lateral frame bone side in the position is the first ratio
- the ratio of the number of thin transverse bones to the number of thick transverse bones is It is preferable to set a second region having a second ratio smaller than the first ratio to prevent the electric resistance of the lattice portion from increasing as the distance from the ear portion increases.
- the main surface of the lattice plate is positioned on the side of the one side frame bone provided with the ear portion on the side of the one side frame bone and on the side of the other side frame bone away from the ear portion.
- the second area A2 is provided, the main surface of the lattice plate is divided into two in the vertical direction (up and down), and one horizontal frame bone and the other horizontal frame bone are regarded as thick horizontal bones.
- the number of thin transverse bones arranged between adjacent thick transverse bones in one region A1 is larger than the number of thin transverse bones arranged between adjacent thick transverse bones in the second region A2.
- the number of thin horizontal bones in the first region and the second region is set.
- the main surface of the lattice plate is divided into a plurality of regions, and the number of thin horizontal bones in each region.
- the ratio to the number of thick transverse bones is made different, the number of thin transverse bones provided per certain area in the region adjacent to one lateral frame bone provided with the ears is changed to the number of thick transverse bones.
- the ratio of the number of thin horizontal bones per fixed area in the area near the other lateral frame bone located far from the ear is smaller than the ratio of the thick horizontal bones.
- the method of dividing the main surface of the lattice plate into a plurality of regions is not limited to the above example.
- one or more regions are further provided between the first region A1 and the second region A2, and the main surface of the lattice plate is divided into three or more regions in the vertical direction, while the ears are provided.
- the ratio of the number of fine transverse bones provided per fixed area to the number of thick transverse bones increases from the region provided on the lateral frame bone side to the region provided on the other lateral frame bone side.
- the number of thin transverse bones and the number of thick transverse bones in each region may be set so that the number of thin transverse bones is gradually reduced (that is, the spacing between the thick transverse lattices is gradually reduced). .
- ⁇ Lattice plate A Comparative example 1>
- the grid plate A corresponds to that shown in FIG.
- the vertical dimension of the frame portion was 385 mm
- the horizontal dimension was 140 mm
- the thickness was 3.6 mm
- the width was 3.2 mm.
- vertical lattice bones and horizontal lattice bones having a hexagonal cross-sectional shape whose thickness is larger than the width are formed at equal intervals.
- FIG. Were formed by bones (ribs) of the same thickness.
- the number of vertical lattice bones and horizontal lattice bones was 9 and 29, respectively.
- the thickness T of the bone constituting the longitudinal lattice bone and the transverse lattice bone was 3.2 mm, and the width w was 2.4 mm. This is a conventionally used lattice plate.
- the vertical lattice bone and the horizontal lattice bone have equal intervals between the center lines of the bones (the same applies to the following examples).
- the lattice plate B corresponds to the lattice plate shown in FIG.
- the vertical dimension of the frame portion was 385 mm
- the horizontal dimension was 140 mm
- the thickness was 5.8 mm
- the width was 4.4 mm.
- the cross-sectional shape of the vertical lattice bone and the horizontal lattice bone formed inside the frame portion is a hexagon whose thickness is larger than the width, and all of the vertical lattice bone and the horizontal lattice bone have a thickness T of 5.4 mm.
- the number of longitudinal lattice bones and transverse lattice bones was 9 and 26, respectively.
- ⁇ Lattice plate C Example 1> In the lattice plate C, longitudinal lattice bones and transverse lattice bones were provided in the pattern shown in FIG. Like the lattice plate B, the vertical dimension of the frame part is 385 mm, the horizontal dimension is 140 mm, the thickness is 5.8 mm, the width is 4.4 mm, and inside the frame part, as shown in FIG. Longitudinal and transverse lattice bones with bones were formed. The cross-sectional shape of the thick vertical bone 24b and the thick horizontal bone 23b was a hexagon whose thickness was larger than the width, the thickness was 5.4 mm, and the width was 4.3 mm.
- the cross-sectional shapes of the thin vertical bone 24a and the thin horizontal bone 24a were hexagons having a thickness larger than the width, the thickness was 3.6 mm, and the width was 2.8 mm.
- 23a1 were positioned on the same plane as the end faces 24b1 and 23b1 on one end side in the thickness direction of the thick longitudinal bone 24b and the thick transverse bone 23b.
- ⁇ Lattice plate D Example 2>
- the vertical dimension of the frame portion was 385 mm
- the horizontal dimension was 140 mm
- the thickness was 5.8 mm
- the width was 4.4 mm.
- the cross-sectional shape of the horizontal lattice bone is a hexagon whose thickness is larger than the width as in the lattice plate A (FIG. 12), A bone having a length of 3.2 mm and a width of 2.4 mm was used.
- the number of horizontal lattice bones is 26.
- the longitudinal lattice bone is provided with a large longitudinal bone and a thin longitudinal bone
- the cross-sectional shape of the thick longitudinal bone and the thin longitudinal bone is a hexagon whose thickness is larger than the width, like the lattice plate C.
- the thickness of the thick vertical bone was 5.4 mm
- the width was 4.3 mm
- the thickness of the thin vertical bone was 3.6 mm
- the width was 2.8 mm.
- End portions 24a1 and 23a1 on one end side in the thickness direction of the thin vertical bone 24a and the thin horizontal bone 23a arranged in an upward direction when the active material is filled are in the thickness direction of the thick vertical bone 24b and the thick horizontal bone 23b.
- the arrangement pattern of the vertical lattice bones is a pattern in which the thick vertical bones and the thin vertical bones are alternately arranged as shown in FIG.
- ⁇ Lattice plate E Example 3>
- the vertical dimension of the frame portion was 385 mm
- the horizontal dimension was 140 mm
- the thickness was 5.8 mm
- the width was 4.4 mm.
- the vertical lattice bones are bones having the same shape having a hexagonal cross-sectional shape with a thickness of 3.2 mm and a width of 2.4 mm. Consists of.
- the transverse lattice bone like the lattice plate C, has a thick transverse bone having a hexagonal cross-sectional shape having a thickness of 5.4 mm and a width of 4.3 mm, and a thickness of 3.6 mm and a width of 2 mm. And a thin transverse bone having a hexagonal cross-sectional shape of 8 mm.
- the ends 24a1 and 23a1 on one end side in the thickness direction of the thin vertical bone 24a and the thin horizontal bone 23a arranged in the upward direction when the active material is filled are the thick vertical bone 24b and the thick horizontal bone 23b.
- the end surfaces 24b1 and 23b1 on the one end side in the thickness direction were positioned on the same plane.
- the paste-like active material for positive electrode used in the active material filling experiment was prepared by adding 0.1% by mass of polyester fiber to the mass of lead powder containing lead monoxide as a main component and mixing 12 masses of water. %, 16% by mass of diluted sulfuric acid was added and kneaded again.
- the method for producing the positive electrode active material is the same as a conventional method.
- the active material is not well filled into the back side of the lattice plate, the exposed portion of the lattice bone is observed, and the active material is cracked. Was observed.
- both the fine lattice bone 3 and the thick lattice bone 4 are embedded in the active material, and, like the lattice plate A, the active material is filled on the back side of the lattice plate. Was good.
- the lattice plates C, D and E according to Examples 1 to 3 of the present invention can be satisfactorily filled with the active material as in the conventional lattice plate shown in FIG. confirmed.
- a positive electrode active material prepared by the above-described method was filled in the grid plates A, C, D, and E, and aged and dried.
- the active material is not sufficiently filled on the back side of the grid plate that was downward when the active material was filled, and the portion where the grid was exposed on the back side of the grid plate was observed as shown in FIG.
- a lead storage battery using a positive electrode plate using a grid plate B was not manufactured.
- a grid plate for a negative electrode one produced by the following method was used.
- a lead alloy prepared by adding 1.8 to 2.2 mass% tin and 0.08 to 0.12 mass% calcium to lead is melted, and the vertical dimension of the frame is 385 mm and the horizontal dimension is determined by gravity casting.
- a negative electrode grid plate having a thickness of 140 mm and a thickness of 3.0 mm was produced. All the horizontal frame bones and vertical frame bones inside the frame part were formed by bones having a hexagonal cross-sectional shape having a thickness of 2.6 mm and a width of 1.8 mm.
- a negative electrode active material was produced as follows. First, 0.2% by mass of lignin, 0.1% by mass of barium sulfate, and 0.2% by mass of commercially available carbon powders such as graphite based on the mass of lead powder containing lead monoxide as a main component. Then, 0.1% by mass of polyester fiber was added and mixed, then 12% by mass of water was added and kneaded, and 13% by mass of dilute sulfuric acid was further added and kneaded again to prepare a paste-like active material. . The method for producing the negative electrode active material is the same as a conventional method. The negative electrode active material thus obtained was filled in the lattice plate and then aged and dried to produce a negative electrode plate.
- the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate were alternately laminated one by one with a separator interposed therebetween, and the electrode plate group was prepared by connecting the ears of the same polarity electrode plates with a strap. After putting this electrode plate group in a battery case, dilute sulfuric acid was poured and chemical conversion was performed to obtain a 2V lead storage battery having a length of 90 mm, a width of 172 mm, and a height of 495 mm. Three batteries A, C, D, and E each using lattice plates A, C, D, and E were manufactured, respectively, and a life acceleration test by trickle charging was performed.
- a life acceleration test by trickle charging was performed on each of the batteries prepared above in a constant temperature bath at 60 ° C. with a charging voltage of 2.23V. In order not to put a burden on the battery, the charging current was limited to 0.05 CA or less.
- a trickle life of a lead-acid battery placed in an atmosphere at a temperature of 60 ° C. for one month means that it has a trickle life of one year when placed in an atmosphere at a temperature of 25 ° C.
- Each battery subjected to the test was taken out at the time when 1 year passed in terms of conversion years, when 5 years passed, and when 10 years passed, and one battery was taken out and the battery was disassembled.
- the conversion years are 1 year, there is not much difference in the corrosion amount of each battery, but when 5 years have passed, the difference becomes larger as the conversion years become longer than 10 years.
- the point at which the amount of corrosion on the grid plate reaches 40% is set as the point at which the battery life is exhausted, the life judgment line is drawn, the extension line is drawn from the slope of 1 to 10 years, and the extension line becomes the life judgment line.
- the intersection point is the battery life
- the battery life can be predicted to be about 12.5 years for battery A, about 19 years for battery C, about 16 years for battery D, and about 15 years for battery E. The result that it was able to endure corrosion for a long time in the order of the grid plates A, E, D, and C was obtained.
- the charge state (SOC) is 60%
- the charge current is 0.2 CA
- the discharge current is 0.2 CA
- the discharge for 1 second and the charge for 1 second are suspended.
- the test was repeated for 24 months (2 years) with the battery voltage controlled to be in the range of 1.80 V to 2.42 V / cell.
- the SOC was maintained at 60% throughout the duration of the test.
- constant current discharge is performed with a 0.1 CA discharge capacity in a 25 ° C. environment every month, and the test is terminated when the battery voltage reaches a discharge end voltage of 1.80 V / cell. From this, Ah was calculated as the discharge capacity. The transition of the discharge capacity measured in this way was confirmed.
- the life judgment capacity is 70% of the initial battery capacity, and the battery capacity is 70% or less of the initial capacity. The degree of progress of deterioration was determined with the state reaching the end of its life.
- the results of the above fluctuation suppression test are shown in FIG.
- Example 4 a positive grid plate having various numbers of thin horizontal bones provided between the thick and horizontal bones was prepared as Example 4 to Example 11, and the number of fine vertical bones provided between the thick vertical bones in the vertical lattice bone was 1
- the grid plates for the positive electrode in which the number of thin horizontal bones provided between the thick and horizontal bones in the horizontal lattice bones are different on the side close to the ear part and the side far from the ear part are prepared as Examples 12 to 33, An experiment was conducted to examine how the filling state of the active material and the electrical resistance of the lattice portion are affected by the difference in these configurations.
- Electrode is added to tin: 1.8% by mass and calcium: 0.08% by mass, and the lead alloy is made to 100% by mass.
- the positive and negative grid plates with different numbers of thin vertical bones provided between the vertical bones were prepared as Examples 4 to 6, and adjacent horizontal and horizontal bones in the horizontal lattice bones.
- Examples 7 to 11 were prepared as positive electrode grid plates in which the number of thin horizontal bones provided between the bones (the frame horizontal bones are also considered as thick horizontal bones) was varied.
- the positive electrode grid plates according to the twelfth to tenth embodiments are divided into two, and the number of fine transverse bones provided between adjacent thick transverse bones in the first region on the ear side and the second region on the foot side is different. 21 was produced.
- the number of thin transverse bones provided between adjacent thick transverse bones in the first region on the ear side is set to 4, and the thin transverse bones provided between adjacent thick transverse bones in the second region on the foot side.
- the positive and negative grid plates having different thicknesses and widths of thick bones were prepared as Examples 22 to 27.
- Batteries for positive electrode having various thicknesses and widths were prepared as Examples 28 to 33.
- Examples 4 to 33 the size of the frame part of the lattice plate was all the same, the vertical dimension of the frame part was 385 mm, the horizontal dimension was 140 mm, and the thickness was 5.8 mm.
- the configurations of Examples 4 to 33 will be described in more detail.
- the end portions on one end side in the thickness direction of each of the plurality of thin vertical bones and the plurality of thin horizontal bones are the end portions on one end side in the thickness direction of the thick vertical bones and the large cross bones. It was located on the same plane as the arranged plane.
- Example 4 In the lattice plate of Example 4, thick and thin bones are provided on the longitudinal lattice bone and the transverse lattice bone formed inside the frame portion, and the longitudinal lattice bones are adjacent to the longitudinal longitudinal bones as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the horizontal lattice bone has a configuration in which three thin horizontal bones are provided between adjacent large horizontal bones.
- the cross-sectional shape of the vertical bone is a hexagon whose thickness is larger than the width
- the thick bone (thick vertical bone and large horizontal bone) is a hexagonal cross section having a thickness T of 5.4 mm and a width W of 4.2 mm. Made up of bones.
- the thin bones were composed of bones having a hexagonal cross section having a thickness t of 3.6 mm and a width w of 3.4 mm.
- the lateral lattice bone has a configuration in which three thin transverse bones are arranged between adjacent large transverse bones, both on the side close to the ear portion and on the side away from the ear portion.
- the value obtained by dividing the thickness T of the thick bone by the thickness t of the thin bone that is, the value obtained by dividing the thickness T of the thick vertical bone 24b by the thickness t of the thin vertical bone 24a and the thickness of the thick transverse bone 23b.
- a value obtained by dividing the thickness T by the thickness t of the thin transverse bone 23a is 1.50, and a value obtained by dividing the width W of the thick bone by the width w of the thin bone, that is, the width W of the thick longitudinal bone 24b is the thin longitudinal bone 24a.
- the value obtained by dividing by the width w and the value obtained by dividing the width W of the large transverse bone 23b by the width w of the thin transverse bone 23a were set to 1.24.
- the vertical lattice bone and the horizontal lattice bone formed inside the frame portion include a thick bone (thick longitudinal bone and large transverse bone) and a thin bone (thin longitudinal bone and thin transverse bone).
- the vertical lattice bone has a configuration in which two fine vertical bones 24a are arranged between adjacent large vertical bones 24b and 24b, and the horizontal lattice bone is adjacent to each other as shown in FIG. It was set as the structure which arrange
- Thick bones are composed of hexagonal bones with a thickness T of 5.4 mm and a width W of 4.2 mm.
- the bones were hexagonal in cross section with a thickness t of 3.6 mm and a width w of 3.4 mm.
- the lateral lattice bone has a configuration in which three thin transverse bones are arranged between adjacent large transverse bones, both on the side close to the ear portion and on the side away from the ear portion.
- the value obtained by dividing the thickness of the thick bones (thick vertical bones and thick horizontal bones) by the thickness of the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.50.
- Divided by the width of fine bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.24.
- the vertical lattice bone and the horizontal lattice bone formed on the inner side of the frame portion are thick bones (thick longitudinal bones and thick transverse bones) and fine bones (thin longitudinal bones and thin transverse bones).
- the vertical lattice bone has a configuration in which three fine vertical bones are arranged between adjacent large vertical bones, and the horizontal lattice bone has three structures between adjacent large horizontal bones as shown in FIG. It was set as the structure which arrange
- Thick bones are composed of hexagonal bones with a thickness T of 5.4 mm and a width W of 4.2 mm.
- the bones were hexagonal in cross section with a thickness t of 3.6 mm and a width w of 3.4 mm.
- the transverse lattice bone is configured such that three thin transverse bones are arranged between adjacent thick transverse bones on the side close to the ear part and on the side away from the ear part.
- the value obtained by dividing the thickness of the thick bones (thick vertical bones and thick horizontal bones) by the thickness of the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.50.
- Divided by the width of fine bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.24.
- a thick bone (thick vertical bone and thick horizontal bone) and a thin bone (thin vertical bone and thin horizontal bone) are used as the vertical lattice bone and the horizontal lattice bone formed inside the frame portion.
- the vertical lattice bone is configured such that one thin vertical bone is disposed between adjacent large vertical bones, and the horizontal lattice bone is one thin horizontal between adjacent large horizontal bones as shown in FIG. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the thick bones (thick vertical bones and thick horizontal bones) are composed of hexagonal bones with a thickness of 5.4 mm and a width of 4.2 mm, and the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) are thick.
- the transverse lattice bone is configured such that one thin transverse bone is disposed between adjacent thick transverse bones, on the side close to the ear portion or on the side away from the ear portion.
- the value obtained by dividing the thickness of the thick bones (thick vertical bones and thick horizontal bones) by the thickness of the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.50.
- Divided by the width of fine bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.24.
- the long lattice and the transverse lattice formed on the inner side of the frame portion are thick bones (thick longitudinal bones and large transverse bones) and fine bones (thin longitudinal bones and thin transverse bones).
- the vertical lattice bone has a configuration in which one thin vertical bone is arranged between adjacent thick vertical bones
- the horizontal lattice bone has a configuration in which two thin horizontal bones are arranged between adjacent thick horizontal bones. did.
- the thick bones (thick vertical bones and thick horizontal bones) are composed of hexagonal bones with a thickness of 5.4 mm and a width of 4.2 mm, and the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) are thick.
- the transverse lattice bone is configured such that two thin transverse bones are arranged between adjacent large transverse bones, both on the side close to the ear part and on the side away from the ear part.
- the value obtained by dividing the thickness of the thick bones (thick vertical bones and thick horizontal bones) by the thickness of the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.50.
- Divided by the width of fine bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.24.
- the vertical lattice bone and the lateral lattice bone formed on the inner side of the frame portion are thick bones (thick longitudinal bones and thick transverse bones) and fine bones (thin longitudinal bones and thin transverse bones).
- the vertical lattice bone has a structure in which one thin vertical bone is arranged between adjacent large vertical bones, and the horizontal lattice bone has three fine ribs between adjacent large horizontal bones as shown in FIG. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the thick bones (thick vertical bones and thick horizontal bones) are composed of hexagonal bones with a thickness of 5.4 mm and a width of 4.2 mm, and the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) are thick.
- the transverse lattice bone is configured such that three thin transverse bones are arranged between adjacent large transverse bones on either the side close to the ear part or the side away from the ear part.
- the value obtained by dividing the thickness of the thick bones (thick vertical bones and thick horizontal bones) by the thickness of the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.50.
- Divided by the width of fine bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.24.
- a thick bone (thick vertical bone and thick horizontal bone) and a thin bone (thin vertical bone and thin horizontal bone) are used as the vertical lattice bone and the horizontal lattice bone formed inside the frame portion.
- the vertical lattice bone has a structure in which one thin vertical bone is arranged between adjacent large vertical bones, and the horizontal lattice bone has four fine bones between adjacent large horizontal bones as shown in FIG. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the thick bones (thick vertical bones and thick horizontal bones) are composed of hexagonal bones with a thickness of 5.4 mm and a width of 4.2 mm, and the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) are thick.
- the transverse lattice bone is configured such that four thin transverse bones are arranged between adjacent thick transverse bones, on the side close to the ear part or on the side away from the ear part.
- the value obtained by dividing the thickness of the thick bones (thick vertical bones and thick horizontal bones) by the thickness of the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.50.
- Divided by the width of fine bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.24.
- a thick bone (thick vertical bone and thick horizontal bone) and a thin bone (thin vertical bone and thin horizontal bone) are formed on the vertical lattice bone and the horizontal lattice bone formed inside the frame portion.
- the vertical lattice bone has a configuration in which one thin vertical bone is disposed between adjacent large vertical bones, and the horizontal lattice bone includes five ribs between adjacent large horizontal bones as shown in FIG. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the thick bones (thick vertical bones and thick horizontal bones) are composed of hexagonal bones with a thickness of 5.4 mm and a width of 4.2 mm, and the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) are thick.
- the transverse lattice bone is configured such that five thin transverse bones are arranged between adjacent large transverse bones on the side close to the ear part or on the side away from the ear part.
- the value obtained by dividing the thickness of the thick bones (thick vertical bones and thick horizontal bones) by the thickness of the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.50.
- Divided by the width of fine bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.24.
- Example 12 In the lattice plate of Example 12, thick and thin bones are provided on the longitudinal lattice bone and the transverse lattice bone formed inside the frame portion, and one longitudinal lattice bone is provided between adjacent large longitudinal bones. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the transverse lattice bone is a first region set on the ear side, and as shown in FIG. 8, the structure is such that five thin transverse bones are arranged between adjacent large transverse bones, and the second region on the foot side. In this configuration, one thin transverse bone is disposed between the adjacent thick transverse bones.
- the thick bones are composed of hexagonal bones with a thickness of 5.4 mm and a width of 4.2 mm, and the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) are thick.
- the cross section was made of a hexagonal bone having a cross section of 3.6 mm and a width of 3.4 mm.
- the value obtained by dividing the thickness of the thick bones (thick vertical bones and thick horizontal bones) by the thickness of the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.50.
- Divided by the width of fine bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.24.
- the vertical lattice bone and the horizontal lattice bone formed inside the frame portion are provided with thick bones and fine bones, and one vertical lattice bone is provided between adjacent large longitudinal bones.
- the horizontal lattice bone is a first region set on the ear side, and as shown in FIG. 8, five thin horizontal bones are arranged between adjacent thick horizontal bones. And two thin transverse bones are arranged between adjacent thick transverse bones in the second region on the foot side.
- the thick bones are composed of hexagonal bones with a thickness of 5.4 mm and a width of 4.2 mm, and the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) are thick.
- the cross section was made of a hexagonal bone having a cross section of 3.6 mm and a width of 3.4 mm.
- the value obtained by dividing the thickness of the thick bones (thick vertical bones and thick horizontal bones) by the thickness of the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.50.
- Divided by the width of fine bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.24.
- Example 14 In the lattice plate of Example 14, thick and thin bones are provided on the longitudinal lattice bone and the transverse lattice bone formed inside the frame portion, and one longitudinal lattice bone is provided between adjacent large longitudinal bones. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the horizontal lattice bone has a structure in which five thin transverse bones are arranged between adjacent large transverse bones in the first region set on the ear side, and between adjacent thick transverse bones in the second region on the foot side. The three thin transverse bones are arranged in the structure.
- the thick bones are composed of hexagonal bones with a thickness of 5.4 mm and a width of 4.2 mm, and the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) are thick.
- the cross section was made of a hexagonal bone having a cross section of 3.6 mm and a width of 3.4 mm.
- the value obtained by dividing the thickness of the thick bone (thick vertical bone and thick horizontal bone) by the thickness of the thin bone (thin vertical bone and thin horizontal bone) is 1.50.
- the value obtained by dividing the width by the width of the fine bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.24.
- the vertical lattice bone and the horizontal lattice bone formed inside the frame portion are provided with a thick bone and a fine bone, and one vertical lattice bone is provided between adjacent large longitudinal bones. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the horizontal lattice bone has a configuration in which five thin horizontal bones are arranged between adjacent thick horizontal bones in the first region set on the ear side, and adjacent to the second region on the foot side. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the thick bones are composed of hexagonal bones with a thickness of 5.4 mm and a width of 4.2 mm, and the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) are thick.
- the cross section was made of a hexagonal bone having a cross section of 3.6 mm and a width of 3.4 mm.
- the value obtained by dividing the thickness of the thick bone (thick vertical bone and thick horizontal bone) by the thickness of the thin bone (thin vertical bone and thin horizontal bone) is 1.50.
- the value obtained by dividing the width by the width of the fine bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.24.
- the vertical lattice bone and the lateral lattice bone formed inside the frame portion are provided with a thick bone and a thin bone, and one vertical lattice bone is provided between adjacent large longitudinal bones. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the horizontal lattice bone has a configuration in which four fine transverse bones are arranged between the adjacent large transverse bones in the first region set on the ear side, and between the adjacent thick transverse bones in the second region on the foot side. In this configuration, one thin transverse bone is arranged.
- the thick bones are composed of hexagonal bones with a thickness of 5.4 mm and a width of 4.2 mm, and the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) are thick.
- the cross section was made of a hexagonal bone having a cross section of 3.6 mm and a width of 3.4 mm.
- the value obtained by dividing the thickness of the thick bone (thick vertical bone and thick horizontal bone) by the thickness of the thin bone (thin vertical bone and thin horizontal bone) is 1.50.
- the value obtained by dividing the width by the width of the fine bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.24.
- Example 17 In the lattice plate of Example 17, thick and thin bones are provided on the longitudinal lattice bone and the transverse lattice bone formed inside the frame portion, and one longitudinal lattice bone is provided between adjacent large longitudinal bones. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the horizontal lattice bone has a configuration in which four thin horizontal bones are arranged between adjacent large horizontal bones in the first region set on the ear side, and between the adjacent large horizontal bones in the second region on the foot side. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the thick bones are composed of hexagonal bones with a thickness of 5.4 mm and a width of 4.2 mm, and the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) are thick.
- the cross section was made of a hexagonal bone having a cross section of 3.6 mm and a width of 3.4 mm.
- the value obtained by dividing the thickness of the thick bone (thick vertical bone and thick horizontal bone) by the thickness of the thin bone (thin vertical bone and thin horizontal bone) is 1.50.
- the value obtained by dividing the width by the width of the fine bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.24.
- Example 18 In the lattice plate of Example 18, thick and thin bones are provided on the longitudinal lattice bone and the transverse lattice bone formed inside the frame portion, and one longitudinal lattice bone is provided between adjacent large longitudinal bones. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the horizontal lattice bone has a configuration in which four thin horizontal bones are arranged between adjacent large horizontal bones in the first region set on the ear side, and between the adjacent large horizontal bones in the second region on the foot side. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the thick bones are composed of hexagonal bones with a thickness of 5.4 mm and a width of 4.2 mm, and the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) are thick.
- the cross section was made of a hexagonal bone having a cross section of 3.6 mm and a width of 3.4 mm.
- the value obtained by dividing the thickness of the thick bone (thick vertical bone and thick horizontal bone) by the thickness of the thin bone (thin vertical bone and thin horizontal bone) is 1.50.
- the value obtained by dividing the width by the width of the fine bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.24.
- Example 19 In the lattice plate of Example 19, thick and thin bones are provided on the longitudinal lattice bone and the transverse lattice bone formed inside the frame portion, and one longitudinal lattice bone is provided between adjacent large longitudinal bones. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the horizontal lattice bone has a configuration in which three thin horizontal bones are arranged between adjacent large horizontal bones in the first region set on the ear side, and between the adjacent large horizontal bones in the second region on the foot side. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the thick bones are composed of hexagonal bones with a thickness of 5.4 mm and a width of 4.2 mm, and the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) are thick.
- the cross section was made of a hexagonal bone having a cross section of 3.6 mm and a width of 3.4 mm.
- the value obtained by dividing the thickness of the thick bone (thick vertical bone and thick horizontal bone) by the thickness of the thin bone (thin vertical bone and thin horizontal bone) is 1.50.
- the value obtained by dividing the width by the width of the fine bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.24.
- the vertical lattice bone and the lateral lattice bone formed inside the frame portion are provided with a thick bone and a fine bone, and one vertical lattice bone is provided between adjacent large longitudinal bones. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the horizontal lattice bone has a configuration in which three thin horizontal bones are arranged between adjacent large horizontal bones in the first region set on the ear side, and between the adjacent large horizontal bones in the second region on the foot side. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the thick bones are composed of hexagonal bones with a thickness of 5.4 mm and a width of 4.2 mm, and the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) are thick.
- the cross section was made of a hexagonal bone having a cross section of 3.6 mm and a width of 3.4 mm.
- the value obtained by dividing the thickness of the thick bone (thick vertical bone and thick horizontal bone) by the thickness of the thin bone (thin vertical bone and thin horizontal bone) is 1.50.
- the value obtained by dividing the width by the width of the fine bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.24.
- Example 21 In the lattice plate of Example 21, thick and thin bones are provided on the longitudinal lattice bone and the transverse lattice bone formed inside the frame portion, and one longitudinal lattice bone is provided between adjacent large longitudinal bones. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the horizontal lattice bone has a configuration in which two thin transverse bones are arranged between adjacent large transverse bones in the first region set on the ear side, and between the adjacent large transverse bones in the second region on the foot side. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the thick bones are composed of hexagonal bones with a thickness of 5.4 mm and a width of 4.2 mm, and the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) are thick.
- the cross section was made of a hexagonal bone having a cross section of 3.6 mm and a width of 3.4 mm.
- the value obtained by dividing the thickness of the thick bone (thick vertical bone and thick horizontal bone) by the thickness of the thin bone (thin vertical bone and thin horizontal bone) is 1.50.
- the value obtained by dividing the width by the width of the fine bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.24.
- the vertical lattice bone and the horizontal lattice bone formed on the inner side of the frame portion are provided with thick bones and fine bones, and one vertical lattice bone is provided between adjacent large longitudinal bones. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the horizontal lattice bone has a configuration in which four thin horizontal bones are arranged between adjacent large horizontal bones in the first region set on the ear side, and between the adjacent large horizontal bones in the second region on the foot side. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the thick bones are composed of hexagonal bones with a thickness of 5.8 mm and a width of 3.6 mm, and the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) are thick.
- the cross section was made of a hexagonal bone having a cross section of 3.6 mm and a width of 3.4 mm.
- the value obtained by dividing the thickness of the thick bone (thick vertical bone and thick horizontal bone) by the thickness of the thin bone (thin vertical bone and thin horizontal bone) is 1.61, and that of the thick bone (thick vertical bone and thick horizontal bone)
- the value obtained by dividing the width by the width of thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.06.
- Example 23 In the lattice plate of Example 23, thick and thin bones are provided on the longitudinal lattice bone and the transverse lattice bone formed inside the frame portion, and one longitudinal lattice bone is provided between adjacent large longitudinal bones. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the horizontal lattice bone has a configuration in which four thin horizontal bones are arranged between adjacent large horizontal bones in the first region set on the ear side, and between the adjacent large horizontal bones in the second region on the foot side. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the thick bones are composed of hexagonal bones with a thickness of 5.4 mm and a width of 4.2 mm, and the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) are thick.
- the cross section was made of a hexagonal bone having a cross section of 3.6 mm and a width of 3.4 mm.
- the value obtained by dividing the thickness of the thick bone (thick vertical bone and thick horizontal bone) by the thickness of the thin bone (thin vertical bone and thin horizontal bone) is 1.50.
- the value obtained by dividing the width by the width of the fine bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.24.
- Example 24 In the lattice plate of Example 24, thick and thin bones are provided on the longitudinal lattice bone and the transverse lattice bone formed inside the frame portion, and one longitudinal lattice bone is provided between adjacent large longitudinal bones. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the horizontal lattice bone has a configuration in which four thin horizontal bones are arranged between adjacent large horizontal bones in the first region set on the ear side, and between the adjacent large horizontal bones in the second region on the foot side. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the cross section was made of a hexagonal bone having a cross section of 3.6 mm and a width of 3.4 mm.
- the value obtained by dividing the thickness of the thick bones (thick vertical bones and thick horizontal bones) by the thickness of the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.39.
- the value obtained by dividing the width by the width of the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.32.
- Example 25 In the lattice plate of Example 25, thick and thin bones are provided on the longitudinal lattice bone and the transverse lattice bone formed inside the frame portion, and one longitudinal lattice bone is provided between adjacent large longitudinal bones. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the horizontal lattice bone has a configuration in which four thin horizontal bones are arranged between adjacent large horizontal bones in the first region set on the ear side, and between the adjacent large horizontal bones in the second region on the foot side. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the thick bones are composed of hexagonal bones with a thickness of 4.6 mm and a width of 4.9 mm, and the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) are thick.
- the cross section was made of a hexagonal bone having a cross section of 3.6 mm and a width of 3.4 mm.
- the value obtained by dividing the thickness of the thick bone (thick vertical bone and thick horizontal bone) by the thickness of the thin bone (thin vertical bone and thin horizontal bone) is 1.28.
- the value obtained by dividing the width by the width of thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.44.
- the vertical lattice bone and the horizontal lattice bone formed on the inner side of the frame portion are provided with thick bones and fine bones, and one vertical lattice bone is provided between adjacent large longitudinal bones. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the horizontal lattice bone has a configuration in which four thin horizontal bones are arranged between adjacent large horizontal bones in the first region set on the ear side, and between the adjacent large horizontal bones in the second region on the foot side. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the thick bones are composed of hexagonal bones with a thickness of 4.2 mm and a width of 5.4 mm, and the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) are thick.
- the cross section was made of a hexagonal bone having a cross section of 3.6 mm and a width of 3.4 mm.
- the value obtained by dividing the thickness of the thick bone (thick vertical bone and thick horizontal bone) by the thickness of the thin bone (thin vertical bone and thin horizontal bone) is 1.17.
- the value obtained by dividing the width by the width of the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.59.
- the vertical lattice bone and the lateral lattice bone formed inside the frame portion are provided with thick bones and fine bones, and one vertical lattice bone is provided between adjacent large longitudinal bones. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the horizontal lattice bone has a configuration in which four thin horizontal bones are arranged between adjacent large horizontal bones in the first region set on the ear side, and between the adjacent large horizontal bones in the second region on the foot side. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the thick bones are composed of hexagonal bones with a thickness of 3.8 mm and a width of 6.0 mm.
- the cross section was made of a hexagonal bone having a cross section of 3.6 mm and a width of 3.4 mm.
- the value obtained by dividing the thickness of the thick bone (thick vertical bone and thick horizontal bone) by the thickness of the thin bone (thin vertical bone and thin horizontal bone) is 1.06.
- the value obtained by dividing the width by the width of the fine bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.76.
- Example 28 In the lattice plate of Example 28, thick and thin bones are provided on the longitudinal lattice bone and the transverse lattice bone formed inside the frame portion, and one longitudinal lattice bone is provided between adjacent large longitudinal bones. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the horizontal lattice bone has a configuration in which four thin horizontal bones are arranged between adjacent large horizontal bones in the first region set on the ear side, and between the adjacent large horizontal bones in the second region on the foot side. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the thick bones are composed of hexagonal bones with a thickness of 5.4 mm and a width of 4.2 mm, and the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) are thick.
- the cross section was composed of a hexagonal bone having a cross section of 5.2 mm and a width of 2.4 mm.
- the value obtained by dividing the thickness of the thick bone (thick vertical bone and thick horizontal bone) by the thickness of the thin bone (thin vertical bone and thin horizontal bone) is 1.04.
- the value obtained by dividing the width by the width of the fine bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.75.
- Example 29 In the lattice plate of Example 29, thick and thin bones are provided on the longitudinal lattice bone and the transverse lattice bone formed inside the frame portion, and one longitudinal lattice bone is provided between adjacent large longitudinal bones. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the horizontal lattice bone has a configuration in which four thin horizontal bones are arranged between adjacent large horizontal bones in the first region set on the ear side, and between the adjacent large horizontal bones in the second region on the foot side. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the thick bones are composed of hexagonal bones with a thickness of 5.4 mm and a width of 4.2 mm, and the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) are thick. It was composed of a bone having a hexagonal cross section with a width of 5.0 mm and a width of 2.5 mm.
- the value obtained by dividing the thickness of the thick bone (thick vertical bone and thick horizontal bone) by the thickness of the thin bone (thin vertical bone and thin horizontal bone) is 1.08.
- the value obtained by dividing the width by the width of the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.68.
- Example 30 In the lattice plate of Example 30, thick and thin bones are provided on the longitudinal lattice bone and the transverse lattice bone formed inside the frame portion, and one longitudinal lattice bone is provided between adjacent large longitudinal bones. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the horizontal lattice bone has a configuration in which four thin horizontal bones are arranged between adjacent large horizontal bones in the first region set on the ear side, and between the adjacent large horizontal bones in the second region on the foot side. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the thick bones are composed of hexagonal bones with a thickness of 5.4 mm and a width of 4.2 mm, and the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) are thick. It was made of a bone having a hexagonal cross section with a length of 4.4 mm and a width of 2.8 mm.
- the value obtained by dividing the thickness of the thick bone (thick vertical bone and thick horizontal bone) by the thickness of the thin bone (thin vertical bone and thin horizontal bone) is 1.23.
- a value obtained by dividing the width by the width of the fine bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.50.
- Example 31 In the lattice plate of Example 31, thick and thin bones are provided on the longitudinal lattice bone and the transverse lattice bone formed inside the frame portion, and one longitudinal lattice bone is provided between adjacent large longitudinal bones. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the horizontal lattice bone has a configuration in which four thin horizontal bones are arranged between adjacent large horizontal bones in the first region set on the ear side, and between the adjacent large horizontal bones in the second region on the foot side. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the thick bones are composed of hexagonal bones with a thickness of 5.4 mm and a width of 4.2 mm, and the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) are thick.
- the cross section was made of a hexagonal bone having a cross section of 4.0 mm and a width of 3.1 mm.
- the value obtained by dividing the thickness of the thick bone (thick vertical bone and thick horizontal bone) by the thickness of the thin bone (thin vertical bone and thin horizontal bone) is 1.35.
- the value obtained by dividing the width by the width of the fine bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.35.
- the vertical lattice bone and the lateral lattice bone formed inside the frame portion are provided with thick bones and fine bones, and one vertical lattice bone is provided between adjacent large longitudinal bones. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the horizontal lattice bone has a configuration in which four thin horizontal bones are arranged between adjacent large horizontal bones in the first region set on the ear side, and between the adjacent large horizontal bones in the second region on the foot side. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the thick bones are composed of hexagonal bones with a thickness of 5.4 mm and a width of 4.2 mm, and the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) are thick.
- the cross section was made of a hexagonal bone having a cross section of 3.6 mm and a width of 3.4 mm.
- the value obtained by dividing the thickness of the thick bone (thick vertical bone and thick horizontal bone) by the thickness of the thin bone (thin vertical bone and thin horizontal bone) is 1.50.
- the value obtained by dividing the width by the width of the fine bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.24.
- Example 33 In the lattice plate of Example 33, thick and thin bones are provided on the longitudinal lattice bone and the transverse lattice bone formed inside the frame portion, and one longitudinal lattice bone is provided between adjacent large longitudinal bones. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the horizontal lattice bone has a configuration in which four thin horizontal bones are arranged between adjacent large horizontal bones in the first region set on the ear side, and between the adjacent large horizontal bones in the second region on the foot side. It was set as the structure which arrange
- the thick bones are composed of hexagonal bones with a thickness of 5.4 mm and a width of 4.2 mm, and the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) are thick. It was composed of a bone having a hexagonal cross section with a length of 3.2 mm and a width of 3.9 mm.
- the value obtained by dividing the thickness of the thick bones (thick vertical bones and thick horizontal bones) by the thickness of the thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.69.
- the value obtained by dividing the width by the width of thin bones (thin vertical bones and thin horizontal bones) is 1.08.
- the active material used in the experiment was prepared by the conventional process shown below. First, 0.1% by mass of polyester fiber is added to and mixed with lead powder mainly composed of lead monoxide, and then 12% by mass of water and 16% by mass of dilute sulfuric acid are added to make 100% by mass. Thus, a paste-like active material for the positive electrode was produced.
- each lattice plate had thick bones and fine bones embedded in the active material.
- the electrode plate in cross section in Examples 7, 8, 12, 13, 16, 17, 19 to 21, 26, 27, and 33, as shown in FIG.
- the active material was not sufficiently filled on the back side of the lattice plate.
- Examples 7 and 8 are cases in which the number of thin transverse bones arranged between adjacent thick transverse bones is one or two, and Examples 12, 13, 16, 17, 19 to 21 are In the second region where the transverse bone is set on the side far from the ear, the number of fine transverse bones arranged between adjacent thick transverse bones is one or two.
- the value obtained by dividing the width of the thick bone by the width of the fine bone is larger than 1.5, and the lattice plate of Example 33 has the width of the thick bone in the width of the thin bone. This is the case when the divided value is less than 1.1.
- Example 5 when the number of thin vertical bones arranged between adjacent large vertical bones in the vertical lattice bone is two or more (thick vertical bones and thin vertical bones are alternately arranged).
- Example 11 is a case where the number of fine transverse bones arranged between adjacent thick transverse bones in the transverse lattice bone is 5 or more.
- the number of thin transverse bones arranged between adjacent thick transverse bones is 5.
- the value obtained by dividing the thickness of the thick bone by the thickness of the fine bone is larger than 1.5.
- the thickness of the thick bone is changed to the thickness of the fine bone. This is the case when the numerical value divided by less than 1.1.
- Example 10 the number of fine transverse bones arranged between adjacent large transverse bones in the first region set on the adjacent ear part side and the second set on the side away from the ears.
- the electrical resistance of the lattice increases as the distance from the ear portion increases, and the lattice bone increases as the distance from the ear portion increases. It was confirmed that the resulting voltage drop increased.
- the number of thin transverse bones arranged between adjacent thick transverse bones in the first region is set to 4, and the second When the number of thin transverse bones arranged between adjacent thick transverse bones in the region is 3, it has been confirmed that the voltage drop generated in the lattice bone in the second region is suppressed.
- the vertical lattice bone is configured so that the thick vertical bone and the thin vertical bone are alternately arranged.
- Four thin transverse bones are arranged between the adjacent thick transverse bones in the first region set on the side close to the ear part, and the adjacent thick bones in the second region set on the side away from the ear part.
- the value obtained by dividing the thickness of the thick bone by the thickness of the fine bone and the value obtained by dividing the width of the thick bone by the width of the thin bone are 1.1.
- the active material is satisfactorily filled into the back side of the lattice plate as shown in FIG. 10, and the lattice bone is exposed. It was confirmed that a lattice plate that can withstand corrosion for a long period of time and maintain the function of holding the active material on the lattice plate can be obtained.
- a grid plate for a lead storage battery that can withstand corrosion for a long period of time and that can be easily filled with an active material. Further, by forming a positive electrode plate by filling the lattice plate with an active material, it is possible to obtain a control valve type lead-acid battery having a longer life than before.
- Lattice plate 21 Frame portion 21a Horizontal frame bone 21b Vertical frame bone 22 Grid 23 Horizontal lattice bone 24 Vertical lattice bone 25 Current collecting ear portion 26 Foot portion
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Abstract
Description
[格子板の材料]
本発明に係わる格子板は、主原料を鉛として、これにスズ、カルシウム、アンチモン、ナトリウム等の合金素材を添加した合金材料により形成することができる。主原料に添加する合金素材としては、特にスズ及びカルシウムの両方を用いるのが好ましい。カルシウムを添加すると、自己放電の割合を減少させることができる。主原料(鉛)にカルシウムを添加すると、骨の腐食が起り易いという問題が生じるが、骨の腐食は、スズの添加により抑制することができる。
上記横枠骨及び縦枠骨からなる枠部は、格子板の外形形状を画定するものである。枠部の形状は、特定の形状に限定されるものではないが、最終的に使用される鉛蓄電池の電槽(外装ケース)の内部形状に適合させた形状とすることが好ましい。立方体または直方体状の電槽を用いる場合には、枠部の輪郭形状を正方形又は長方形とすることができる。
格子板の枠部に集電用の耳部を設ける。この耳部は、極板群の同極性の極板同士を接続するストラップを接続するために用いられる。耳部の形状、個数、厚さ、材質等は、特に限定されるものではないが、電槽及びその蓋の形状と極板の形状とに合わせて、適宜の形状及び大きさに形成することが好ましい。耳部の個数は1個であるのが好ましく、その厚さは枠骨の厚さと同等程度であることが好ましい。製造を容易にするため、耳部は枠部及び格子部と同じ材料により形成するのが好ましい。
縦格子骨及び横格子骨は、枠部の外形形状を維持すると共に、活物質を保持し、活物質の充放電反応を行わせるために必要である。縦格子骨及び横格子骨の本数は特に限定されるものではないが、本数を増やしすぎると活物質を充填する際に格子骨相互間の隙間が狭くなりすぎ、活物質充填時に下方を向いている格子の裏面側に活物質が回り込みにくくなってしまう。逆に格子骨の数が少なすぎると、充填した活物質を保持することが難しくなるだけでなく、活物質の充放電反応を活発に行わせることができなくなる。そのため、縦格子骨及び横格子骨の本数は、活物質の充填が容易であり、活物質を確実に保持することができ、活物質の充放電反応に支障を来すことがなく、且つ使用される鉛蓄電池の放電容量に必要な活物質量の確保に適合するように、適宜の本数に設定することが好ましい。
太横骨及び太縦骨の太さ(断面積)は、同一であってもよく、異なっていてもよい。格子板の鋳造性を考慮して、太横骨の太さと太縦骨の太さとを異ならせることができる。例えば、太横骨の太さを縦太骨の太さよりも太くしておくと、格子板を鋳造する鋳型の横格子骨を鋳造するキャビティを鉛直方向に向けた状態で、重力鋳造方式により格子板を鋳造する場合に、太横骨を鋳造する断面積が大きいキャビティ(鉛直方向に伸びるキャビティ)内を通して、大量の溶融鉛を円滑に流すことができるため、縦格子骨を鋳造するキャビティ内への溶湯の流れを円滑にして、鋳造を容易にすることができる。
鉛蓄電池用の極板を構成する際には、格子板にペースト状に調製した活物質が充填される。この活物質は特に限定されるものでないが、一酸化鉛を含んだ鉛粉、水、硫酸等を混練(正極、負極の特性に合わせてカットファイバ、炭素粉末、リグニン、硫酸バリウム、鉛丹等の添加物を加える場合もある)して作製するのが好ましい。また活物質の充填量は、枠骨の内側に形成される骨(細骨及び太骨)が完全に隠れれば問題はないが、枠骨の厚さ以上まで充填するのが望ましい。
格子板の製造方法としては、重力鋳造方式(GDC:Gravity Die Casting)、連続鋳造方式、エキスパンド方式、打ち抜き方式等があるが、本発明に係わる格子板の製造には重力鋳造方式を用いることが好ましい。重力鋳造方式は、格子板の原材料金属(合金)を溶融し、この溶融金属(合金)を、該溶融金属の温度に耐え得る材料からなる金型内に重力により流し込み、鋳造する方法である。重力鋳造方式を用いることが好ましい理由は、重力鋳造方式では、鋳造可能な格子の太さに理論上限界がなく、且つ太格子骨と細格子骨とを合わせ持つ格子の製造が容易であり、得られた格子板の集電特性及び耐食性が優れていることにある。
本発明に係わる極板は、上述のペースト状活物質をペースト充填機によって格子板に充填し、熟成・乾燥することにより作製される。熟成・乾燥の時間や温度は特に限定されるものではないが、格子板の厚さや活物質の物性によって適した値に調整することが好ましい。
本発明に係わる鉛蓄電池の構成は、少なくとも正極板に本発明に係わる格子板を用いる点を除き、特に限定されるものではない。前述のように、鉛蓄電池は、正極板、負極板、電解液としての希硫酸、セパレータ(ガラス繊維製のリテーナ等)、電槽、蓋等の部材から作製される。例えば図16に示すように、正極板1と負極板2との間にセパレータを介在させながら、正極板1と負極板2とを1枚ずつ交互に積層して、同極板の耳部同士をストラップ5及び6で連結させ、極板群4を構成する。この極板群4を電槽7の中に入れて蓋をし、希硫酸を注液した後に化成を行って鉛蓄電池を完成する。
次に図面を参照して本発明の具体的実施形態の構成を説明する。
図1は、本発明に係わる格子板20の一実施形態を示したものである。図示の格子板20は、長方形の輪郭形状を有する枠部21と、枠部21の内側に形成された格子22とを備えている。枠部21は、横方向に伸び、縦方向に相対する一対の横枠骨21a,21aと、縦方向に伸び、横方向に相対する一対の縦枠骨21b,21bとを有し、枠部21の一方の横枠骨21aには、図示しないストラップを接続するための集電用耳部25が一体に形成されている。枠部21の他方の横枠骨21aには、極板群が電槽のセル室内に挿入された際にセル室の底面に当接して、枠部21の下端をセル室の底壁よりも浮かした状態に保持する一対の足部26,26が形成されている。
[格子板の作製]
鉛に、スズ:1.0~1.8質量%、カルシウム:0.05~0.1質量%を添加して作製した鉛合金を溶融し、異なる5種類の型を用いて重力鋳造方式により正極用の格子板A、格子板B、格子板C、格子板D、格子板Eを作製した。これらの格子板のうち、格子板A及びBは比較例であり、格子板CないしEは本発明の実施例である。
格子板Aは図12に示したものに相当する。格子板Aにおいては、枠部の縦寸法を385mm、横寸法を140mm、厚さを3.6mm、幅を3.2mmとした。枠部の内側に、厚さが幅よりも大きい六角形の断面形状を有する縦格子骨及び横格子骨を等間隔で形成し、図12に示すように、縦格子骨及び横格子骨の全てを同一の太さの骨(リブ)により形成した。縦格子骨及び横格子骨の本数はそれぞれ9本及び29本とした。縦格子骨及び横格子骨を構成する骨の厚さTは3.2mm、幅wは2.4mmとした。これは、従来から用いられている格子板である。縦格子骨及び横格子骨はそれぞれ骨の中心線間の間隔を等間隔としている(以下の例においても同様)。
格子板Bは、図13に示す格子板に相当する。格子板Bにおいては、枠部の縦寸法を385mm、横寸法を140mm、厚さを5.8mm、幅を4.4mmとした。また枠部の内側に形成される縦格子骨及び横格子骨の断面形状は、厚さが幅よりも大きい六角形とし、縦格子骨及び横格子骨の全てを、厚さTが5.4mm、幅Wが4.3mmの骨により構成した。縦格子骨及び横格子骨の本数はそれぞれ9本及び26本とした。
格子板Cにおいては、枠部の内側に図1に示したパターンで縦格子骨と横格子骨とを設けた。格子板Bと同様に、枠部の縦寸法を385mm、横寸法を140mm、厚さを5.8mm、幅を4.4mmとし、枠部の内側に、図1に示すように太骨と細骨とを備えた縦格子骨及び横格子骨を形成した。太縦骨24b及び太横骨23bの断面形状は、厚さが幅よりも大きい六角形とし、厚さを5.4mm、幅を4.3mmとした。また細縦骨24a及び細横骨24aの断面形状も厚さが幅よりも大きい六角形とし、その厚さを3.6mm、幅を2.8mmとした。格子板Cにおいては、図2ないし図4に示したように、活物質充填時に上方に向けた状態で配置される細縦骨24a及び細横骨23aの厚さ方向の一端側の端部24a1及び23a1を、太縦骨24b及び太横骨23bの厚さ方向の一端側の端面24b1及び23b1と同一の平面上に位置させた。
格子板Dにおいては、格子板Bと同様に、枠部の縦寸法を385mm、横寸法を140mm、厚さを5.8mm、幅を4.4mmとした。また枠部の内側に形成される骨のうち、横格子骨の断面形状を、格子板Aと同様(図12)に厚さが幅よりも大きい六角形とし、全ての横格子骨として、厚さが3.2mm、幅が2.4mmの骨を用いた。横格子骨の本数は26である。一方、縦格子骨には太縦骨と細縦骨とを設け、太縦骨及び細縦骨の断面形状は、格子板Cと同様に厚さが幅よりも大きい六角形とした。この場合、太縦骨の厚さを5.4mm、幅を4.3mmとし、細縦骨の厚さを3.6mm、幅を2.8mmとした。活物質充填時に上方に向けた状態で配置される細縦骨24a及び細横骨23aの厚さ方向の一端側の端部24a1及び23a1は、太縦骨24b及び太横骨23bの厚さ方向の一端側の端面24b1及び23b1と同一の平面上に位置させた。縦格子骨の配列パターンは図1に示したものと同様に、太縦骨と細縦骨とを交互に配置するパターンとした。
格子板Eにおいては、格子板Bと同様に、枠部の縦寸法を385mm、横寸法を140mm、厚さを5.8mm、幅を4.4mmとした。また枠部の内側に形成される格子骨のうち、縦格子骨は、格子板Aと同様に、厚さが3.2mm、幅が2.4mmの六角形の断面形状を有する同一形状の骨により構成した。一方、横格子骨には、格子板Cと同様に、厚さが5.4mm、幅が4.3mmの六角形の断面形状を有する太横骨と、厚さが3.6mm、幅が2.8mmの六角形の断面形状を有する細横骨とを設けた。この場合も、活物質充填時に上方に向けた状態で配置される細縦骨24a及び細横骨23aの厚さ方向の一端側の端部24a1及び23a1は、太縦骨24b及び太横骨23bの厚さ方向の一端側の端面24b1及び23b1と同一の平面上に位置させた。
前述した格子板A,B,C,D及びEに対して、充填機によりペースト状の活物質を充填する活物質充填実験を実施し、その後、熟成・乾燥をして未化成の正極板を作製した。
格子板A,B,C,D及びEにペースト状活物質を充填し、活物質充填時に下方に向いていた格子板の裏側への活物質の充填状態を視認した結果、及び活物質を充填した後、乾燥・熟成工程を経て製造した極板を断面して目視により確認した結果を以下に示す。
格子板Aにおいては、図12に示すように、すべての格子骨が活物質中に綺麗に埋まっており、格子板の裏側への活物質の充填状態は良好であった。
前述した格子板A,C,D及びEを用いた4種類の鉛蓄電池の作製方法を、以下に示す。
鉛にスズ1.8~2.2質量%、カルシウム0.08~0.12質量%を添加して作製した鉛合金を溶融し、重力鋳造方式によって枠部の縦寸法が385mm、横寸法が140mm、厚さが3.0mmの負極用格子板を作製した。枠部の内側の横枠骨及び縦枠骨はすべて、厚さが2.6mm、幅が1.8mmの六角形の断面形状を有する骨により形成した。
作製した上記の各電池に対して、60℃の恒温槽中で充電電圧を2.23Vとしてトリクル充電による寿命加速試験を行った。なお電池に負担をかけないようにするため、充電電流を0.05CA以下に制限した。気温60℃の雰囲気中に置かれた鉛蓄電池のトリクル寿命が1ヶ月であることは、気温25℃の雰囲気中に置かれた場合に1年間のトリクル寿命を有することを意味する。試験に供した各電池が換算年数において1年が経過した時点、5年が経過した時点及び10年が経過した時点でそれぞれ1個ずつ電池を取り出して、電池の解体調査を行った。
解体した電池から格子板A,C,D,Eをサンプリングし、格子の腐食量を測定した。その比較結果を図14に示す。図14において曲線a,c,d,eはそれぞれ電池A,C,D,Eについての測定結果示す。腐食量の測定方法としては、格子板を強アルカリ溶液に浸して腐食部分を溶解させ、溶解前後の重量差から算出する方法を用いた。
次に、前記電池A,Cをそれぞれ3個ずつ作製し、これを、風力発電設備において、風力発電装置に充電器を介して鉛蓄電池を接続して、発電機の出力による鉛蓄電池の充電と、該鉛蓄電池から系統への放電とを行わせることにより、発電装置の発電量の変動を補償して、発電装置から系統に供給される電力の平準化を図る運用を想定して、低い充電状態で、かつ短い間隔で充放電を繰り返す変動抑制試験を行った。
上記の変動抑制試験の結果を図15に示す。図15の縦軸の0.1CA容量比は、各月における0.1CA容量の試験開始時の0.1C容量(初期容量)に対する比である。図15から、電池Cは24ヶ月(2年)後も初期容量を維持していることが理解できる。この試験結果から、電池Cは、2×8.6=17.2年以上の寿命を維持することが推定される。一方、電池Aは、24ヶ月経過後に初期容量の85%まで容量が低下しており、曲線の傾きから、この後、急激に容量低下が起こることが予測される。
次に、枠部を構成する各縦枠骨及び横枠骨をそれぞれ太縦骨及び太横骨と見なして、縦格子骨において隣り合う太縦骨間に設ける細縦骨の本数及び横格子骨において太横骨間に設ける細横骨の本数を種々変えた正極用格子板を実施例4ないし実施例11として作成し、縦格子骨において太縦骨の間に設ける細縦骨の本数を1とし、横格子骨において太横骨間に設ける細横骨の本数を耳部に近い側と耳部から遠い側とで種々異ならせた正極用格子板を実施例12ないし33として作成して、これらの構成の差異により活物質の充填状態や格子部の電気抵抗がどのような影響を受けるかを調べる実験を行った。
鉛に、スズ:1.8質量%、カルシウム:0.08質量%を添加して100質量%とした鉛合金を溶融し、異なる型を用いて重力鋳造方式により、縦格子骨において隣り合う太縦骨の間(枠縦骨も太縦骨と見なす。)に設ける細縦骨の数を異ならせた正極用格子板を実施例4ないし6として作成し、横格子骨において、隣り合う太横骨の間(枠横骨も太横骨と見なす。)に設ける細横骨の数を種々異ならせた正極用格子板を実施例7ないし11として作製した。
実施例4の格子板においては、枠部の内側に形成される縦格子骨及び横格子骨に、太骨と細骨とを設け、縦格子骨は、図2に示すように隣り合う太縦骨の間に1本の細縦骨を設けた構成とし、横格子骨は、図4に示すように、隣り合う太横骨の間に3本の細横骨を設けた構成としている。縦骨の断面形状は、厚さが幅よりも大きい六角形とし、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)は、厚さTを5.4mm、幅Wを4.2mmとした断面六角形の骨により構成した。また細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)は、厚さtが3.6mm、幅wが3.4mmの断面六角形の骨により構成した。横格子骨は、耳部に近い側でも、耳部から離れた側でも、図4に示すように、隣り合う太横骨の間に3本の細横骨が配置される構成とした。また、太骨の厚さTを細骨の厚さtで除した値、即ち、太縦骨24bの厚さTを細縦骨24aの厚さtで除した値及び太横骨23bの厚さTを細横骨23aの厚さtで除した値を1.50、太骨の幅Wを細骨の幅wで除した値、即ち、太縦骨24bの幅Wを細縦骨24aの幅wで除した値及び太横骨23bの幅Wを細横骨23aの幅wで除した値を1.24とした。
実施例5の格子板においては、枠部の内側に形成される縦格子骨及び横格子骨に、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)と細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)とを設け、縦格子骨は、図7に示すように隣り合う太縦骨24b,24bの間に2本の細縦骨24aを配置する構成とし、横格子骨は図4に示すように、隣り合う太横骨23b,23bの間に3本の細横骨23aを配置する構成とした。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)は、厚さTを5.4mm、幅Wを4.2mmとした断面六角形の骨により構成し、細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)は、厚さtを3.6mm、幅wを3.4mmとした断面六角形の骨により構成した。横格子骨は、耳部に近い側でも、耳部から離れた側でも、図4に示すように、隣り合う太横骨の間に3本の細横骨が配置される構成とした。また、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の厚さを細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の厚さで除した値は1.50、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の幅を細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の幅で除した値は1.24である。
実施例6の格子板においては、枠部の内側に形成される縦格子骨及び横格子骨に太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)と細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)とを設け、縦格子骨は、隣り合う太縦骨の間に3本の細縦骨を配置する構成とし、横格子骨は、図4に示すように、隣り合う太横骨の間に3本の細横骨を配置する構成とした。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)は、厚さTを5.4mm、幅Wを4.2mmとした断面六角形の骨により構成し、細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)は、厚さtを3.6mm、幅wを3.4mmとした断面六角形の骨により構成した。横格子骨は、耳部に近い側でも、耳部から離れた側でも隣り合う太横骨の間に3本の細横骨が配置される構成とした。また、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の厚さを細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の厚さで除した値は1.50、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の幅を細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の幅で除した値は1.24である。
実施例7の格子板においては、枠部の内側に形成される縦格子骨及び横格子骨に太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)と細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)とを設け、縦格子骨は、隣り合う太縦骨の間に1本の細縦骨を配置する構成とし、横格子骨は図6に示すように隣り合う太横骨の間に1本の細横骨を配置する構成とした。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)は、厚さを5.4mm、幅を4.2mmとした断面六角形の骨により構成し、細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)は、厚さを3.6mm、幅を3.4mmとした断面六角形の骨により構成した。横格子骨は、耳部に近い側でも、耳部から離れた側でも、隣り合う太横骨の間に1本の細横骨が配置される構成とした。また、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の厚さを細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の厚さで除した値は1.50、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の幅を細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の幅で除した値は1.24である。
実施例8の格子板においては、枠部の内側に形成される縦格子骨及び横格子骨に太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)と細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)とを設け、縦格子骨は、隣り合う太縦骨の間に1本の細縦骨を配置する構成とし、横格子骨は隣り合う太横骨の間に2本の細横骨を配置する構成とした。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)は、厚さを5.4mm、幅を4.2mmとした断面六角形の骨により構成し、細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)は、厚さを3.6mm、幅を3.4mmとした断面六角形の骨により構成した。横格子骨は、耳部に近い側でも、耳部から離れた側でも、隣り合う太横骨の間に2本の細横骨が配置される構成とした。また、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の厚さを細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の厚さで除した値は1.50、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の幅を細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の幅で除した値は1.24である。
実施例9の格子板においては、枠部の内側に形成される縦格子骨及び横格子骨に太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)と細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)とを設け、縦格子骨は、隣り合う太縦骨の間に1本の細縦骨を配置する構成とし、横格子骨は、図4に示すように隣り合う太横骨の間に3本の細横骨を配置する構成とした。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)は、厚さを5.4mm、幅を4.2mmとした断面六角形の骨により構成し、細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)は、厚さを3.6mm、幅を3.4mmとした断面六角形の骨により構成した。横格子骨は、耳部に近い側でも、耳部から離れた側でも、隣り合う太横骨の間に3本の細横骨が配置される構成とした。また、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の厚さを細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の厚さで除した値は1.50、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の幅を細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の幅で除した値は1.24である。
実施例10の格子板においては、枠部の内側に形成される縦格子骨及び横格子骨に太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)と細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)とを設け、縦格子骨は、隣り合う太縦骨の間に1本の細縦骨を配置する構成とし、横格子骨は、図3に示すように隣り合う太横骨の間に4本の細横骨を配置する構成とした。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)は、厚さを5.4mm、幅を4.2mmとした断面六角形の骨により構成し、細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)は、厚さを3.6mm、幅を3.4mmとした断面六角形の骨により構成した。横格子骨は、耳部に近い側でも、耳部から離れた側でも、隣り合う太横骨の間に4本の細横骨が配置される構成とした。また、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の厚さを細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の厚さで除した値は1.50、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の幅を細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の幅で除した値は1.24である。
実施例11の格子板においては、枠部の内側に形成される縦格子骨及び横格子骨に太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)と細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)とを設け、縦格子骨は、隣り合う太縦骨の間に1本の細縦骨を配置する構成とし、横格子骨は、図8に示すように、隣り合う太横骨の間に5本の細横骨を配置する構成とした。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)は、厚さを5.4mm、幅を4.2mmとした断面六角形の骨により構成し、細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)は、厚さを3.6mm、幅を3.4mmとした断面六角形の骨により構成した。横格子骨は、耳部に近い側でも、耳部から離れた側でも、隣り合う太横骨の間に5本の細横骨が配置される構成とした。また、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の厚さを細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の厚さで除した値は1.50、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の幅を細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の幅で除した値は1.24である。
実施例12の格子板においては、枠部の内側に形成される縦格子骨及び横格子骨に、太骨と細骨とを設け、縦格子骨は、隣り合う太縦骨の間に1本の細縦骨を配置する構成とした。横格子骨は、耳側に設定した第1の領域で、図8に示すように、隣り合う太横骨の間に5本の細横骨を配置する構成とし、足側の第2の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に1本の細横骨を配置する構成とした。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)は、厚さを5.4mm、幅を4.2mmとした断面六角形の骨により構成し、細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)は、厚さが3.6mm、幅が3.4mmの断面六角形の骨により構成した。また、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の厚さを細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の厚さで除した値は1.50、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の幅を細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の幅で除した値は1.24である。
実施例13の格子板においては、枠部の内側に形成される縦格子骨及び横格子骨に、太骨と細骨とを設け、縦格子骨は、隣り合う太縦骨の間に1本の細縦骨を配置する構成とし、横格子骨は耳側に設定した第1の領域で、図8に示すように、隣り合う太横骨の間に5本の細横骨を配置する構成とし、足側の第2の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に2本の細横骨を配置する構成とした。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)は、厚さを5.4mm、幅を4.2mmとした断面六角形の骨により構成し、細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)は、厚さが3.6mm、幅が3.4mmの断面六角形の骨により構成した。また、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の厚さを細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の厚さで除した値は1.50、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の幅を細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の幅で除した値は1.24である。
実施例14の格子板においては、枠部の内側に形成される縦格子骨及び横格子骨に、太骨と細骨とを設け、縦格子骨は、隣り合う太縦骨の間に1本の細縦骨を配置する構成とした。横格子骨は耳側に設定した第1の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に、5本の細横骨を配置する構成とし、足側の第2の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に3本の細横骨を配置する構成とした。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)は、厚さを5.4mm、幅を4.2mmとした断面六角形の骨により構成し、細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)は、厚さが3.6mm、幅が3.4mmの断面六角形の骨により構成した。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の厚さを細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の厚さで除した値は1.50、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の幅を細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の幅で除した値は1.24である。
実施例15の格子板においては、枠部の内側に形成される縦格子骨及び横格子骨に、太骨と細骨とを設け、縦格子骨は、隣り合う太縦骨の間に1本の細縦骨を配置する構成とした。横格子骨は耳側に設定した第1の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に、図8に示すように5本の細横骨を配置する構成とし、足側の第2の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に図3に示すように4本の細横骨を配置する構成とした。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)は、厚さを5.4mm、幅を4.2mmとした断面六角形の骨により構成し、細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)は、厚さが3.6mm、幅が3.4mmの断面六角形の骨により構成した。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の厚さを細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の厚さで除した値は1.50、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の幅を細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の幅で除した値は1.24である。
実施例16の格子板においては、枠部の内側に形成される縦格子骨及び横格子骨に、太骨と細骨とを設け、縦格子骨は、隣り合う太縦骨の間に1本の細縦骨を配置する構成とした。横格子骨は耳側に設定した第1の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に、4本の細横骨を配置する構成とし、足側の第2の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に1本の細横骨を配置する構成とした。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)は、厚さを5.4mm、幅を4.2mmとした断面六角形の骨により構成し、細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)は、厚さが3.6mm、幅が3.4mmの断面六角形の骨により構成した。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の厚さを細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の厚さで除した値は1.50、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の幅を細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の幅で除した値は1.24である。
実施例17の格子板においては、枠部の内側に形成される縦格子骨及び横格子骨に、太骨と細骨とを設け、縦格子骨は、隣り合う太縦骨の間に1本の細縦骨を配置する構成とした。横格子骨は耳側に設定した第1の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に4本の細横骨を配置する構成とし、足側の第2の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に2本の細横骨を配置する構成とした。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)は、厚さを5.4mm、幅を4.2mmとした断面六角形の骨により構成し、細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)は、厚さが3.6mm、幅が3.4mmの断面六角形の骨により構成した。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の厚さを細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の厚さで除した値は1.50、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の幅を細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の幅で除した値は1.24である。
実施例18の格子板においては、枠部の内側に形成される縦格子骨及び横格子骨に、太骨と細骨とを設け、縦格子骨は、隣り合う太縦骨の間に1本の細縦骨を配置する構成とした。横格子骨は耳側に設定した第1の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に4本の細横骨を配置する構成とし、足側の第2の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に3本の細横骨を配置する構成とした。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)は、厚さを5.4mm、幅を4.2mmとした断面六角形の骨により構成し、細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)は、厚さが3.6mm、幅が3.4mmの断面六角形の骨により構成した。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の厚さを細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の厚さで除した値は1.50、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の幅を細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の幅で除した値は1.24である。
実施例19の格子板においては、枠部の内側に形成される縦格子骨及び横格子骨に、太骨と細骨とを設け、縦格子骨は、隣り合う太縦骨の間に1本の細縦骨を配置する構成とした。横格子骨は耳側に設定した第1の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に3本の細横骨を配置する構成とし、足側の第2の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に1本の細横骨を配置する構成とした。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)は、厚さを5.4mm、幅を4.2mmとした断面六角形の骨により構成し、細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)は、厚さが3.6mm、幅が3.4mmの断面六角形の骨により構成した。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の厚さを細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の厚さで除した値は1.50、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の幅を細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の幅で除した値は1.24である。
実施例20の格子板においては、枠部の内側に形成される縦格子骨及び横格子骨に、太骨と細骨とを設け、縦格子骨は、隣り合う太縦骨の間に1本の細縦骨を配置する構成とした。横格子骨は耳側に設定した第1の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に3本の細横骨を配置する構成とし、足側の第2の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に2本の細横骨を配置する構成とした。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)は、厚さを5.4mm、幅を4.2mmとした断面六角形の骨により構成し、細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)は、厚さが3.6mm、幅が3.4mmの断面六角形の骨により構成した。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の厚さを細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の厚さで除した値は1.50、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の幅を細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の幅で除した値は1.24である。
実施例21の格子板においては、枠部の内側に形成される縦格子骨及び横格子骨に、太骨と細骨とを設け、縦格子骨は、隣り合う太縦骨の間に1本の細縦骨を配置する構成とした。横格子骨は耳側に設定した第1の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に2本の細横骨を配置する構成とし、足側の第2の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に1本の細横骨を配置する構成とした。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)は、厚さを5.4mm、幅を4.2mmとした断面六角形の骨により構成し、細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)は、厚さが3.6mm、幅が3.4mmの断面六角形の骨により構成した。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の厚さを細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の厚さで除した値は1.50、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の幅を細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の幅で除した値は1.24である。
実施例22の格子板においては、枠部の内側に形成される縦格子骨及び横格子骨に、太骨と細骨とを設け、縦格子骨は、隣り合う太縦骨の間に1本の細縦骨を配置する構成とした。横格子骨は耳側に設定した第1の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に4本の細横骨を配置する構成とし、足側の第2の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に3本の細横骨を配置する構成とした。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)は、厚さを5.8mm、幅を3.6mmとした断面六角形の骨により構成し、細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)は、厚さが3.6mm、幅が3.4mmの断面六角形の骨により構成した。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の厚さを細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の厚さで除した値は1.61、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の幅を細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の幅で除した値は1.06である。
実施例23の格子板においては、枠部の内側に形成される縦格子骨及び横格子骨に、太骨と細骨とを設け、縦格子骨は、隣り合う太縦骨の間に1本の細縦骨を配置する構成とした。横格子骨は耳側に設定した第1の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に4本の細横骨を配置する構成とし、足側の第2の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に3本の細横骨を配置する構成とした。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)は、厚さを5.4mm、幅を4.2mmとした断面六角形の骨により構成し、細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)は、厚さが3.6mm、幅が3.4mmの断面六角形の骨により構成した。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の厚さを細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の厚さで除した値は1.50、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の幅を細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の幅で除した値は1.24である。
実施例24の格子板においては、枠部の内側に形成される縦格子骨及び横格子骨に、太骨と細骨とを設け、縦格子骨は、隣り合う太縦骨の間に1本の細縦骨を配置する構成とした。横格子骨は耳側に設定した第1の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に4本の細横骨を配置する構成とし、足側の第2の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に3本の細横骨を配置する構成とした。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)は、厚さを5.0mm、幅を4.5mmとした断面六角形の骨により構成し、細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)は、厚さが3.6mm、幅が3.4mmの断面六角形の骨により構成した。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の厚さを細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の厚さで除した値は1.39、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の幅を細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の幅で除した値は1.32である。
実施例25の格子板においては、枠部の内側に形成される縦格子骨及び横格子骨に、太骨と細骨とを設け、縦格子骨は、隣り合う太縦骨の間に1本の細縦骨を配置する構成とした。横格子骨は耳側に設定した第1の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に4本の細横骨を配置する構成とし、足側の第2の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に3本の細横骨を配置する構成とした。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)は、厚さを4.6mm、幅を4.9mmとした断面六角形の骨により構成し、細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)は、厚さが3.6mm、幅が3.4mmの断面六角形の骨により構成した。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の厚さを細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の厚さで除した値は1.28、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の幅を細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の幅で除した値は1.44である。
実施例26の格子板においては、枠部の内側に形成される縦格子骨及び横格子骨に、太骨と細骨とを設け、縦格子骨は、隣り合う太縦骨の間に1本の細縦骨を配置する構成とした。横格子骨は耳側に設定した第1の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に4本の細横骨を配置する構成とし、足側の第2の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に3本の細横骨を配置する構成とした。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)は、厚さを4.2mm、幅を5.4mmとした断面六角形の骨により構成し、細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)は、厚さが3.6mm、幅が3.4mmの断面六角形の骨により構成した。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の厚さを細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の厚さで除した値は1.17、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の幅を細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の幅で除した値は1.59である。
実施例27の格子板においては、枠部の内側に形成される縦格子骨及び横格子骨に、太骨と細骨とを設け、縦格子骨は、隣り合う太縦骨の間に1本の細縦骨を配置する構成とした。横格子骨は耳側に設定した第1の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に4本の細横骨を配置する構成とし、足側の第2の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に3本の細横骨を配置する構成とした。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)は、厚さを3.8mm、幅を6.0mmとした断面六角形の骨により構成し、細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)は、厚さが3.6mm、幅が3.4mmの断面六角形の骨により構成した。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の厚さを細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の厚さで除した値は1.06、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の幅を細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の幅で除した値は1.76である。
実施例28の格子板においては、枠部の内側に形成される縦格子骨及び横格子骨に、太骨と細骨とを設け、縦格子骨は、隣り合う太縦骨の間に1本の細縦骨を配置する構成とした。横格子骨は耳側に設定した第1の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に4本の細横骨を配置する構成とし、足側の第2の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に3本の細横骨を配置する構成とした。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)は、厚さを5.4mm、幅を4.2mmとした断面六角形の骨により構成し、細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)は、厚さが5.2mm、幅が2.4mmの断面六角形の骨により構成した。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の厚さを細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の厚さで除した値は1.04、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の幅を細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の幅で除した値は1.75である。
実施例29の格子板においては、枠部の内側に形成される縦格子骨及び横格子骨に、太骨と細骨とを設け、縦格子骨は、隣り合う太縦骨の間に1本の細縦骨を配置する構成とした。横格子骨は耳側に設定した第1の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に4本の細横骨を配置する構成とし、足側の第2の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に3本の細横骨を配置する構成とした。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)は、厚さを5.4mm、幅を4.2mmとした断面六角形の骨により構成し、細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)は、厚さが5.0mm、幅が2.5mmの断面六角形の骨により構成した。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の厚さを細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の厚さで除した値は1.08、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の幅を細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の幅で除した値は1.68である。
実施例30の格子板においては、枠部の内側に形成される縦格子骨及び横格子骨に、太骨と細骨とを設け、縦格子骨は、隣り合う太縦骨の間に1本の細縦骨を配置する構成とした。横格子骨は耳側に設定した第1の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に4本の細横骨を配置する構成とし、足側の第2の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に3本の細横骨を配置する構成とした。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)は、厚さを5.4mm、幅を4.2mmとした断面六角形の骨により構成し、細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)は、厚さが4.4mm、幅が2.8mmの断面六角形の骨により構成した。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の厚さを細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の厚さで除した値は1.23、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の幅を細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の幅で除した値は1.50である。
実施例31の格子板においては、枠部の内側に形成される縦格子骨及び横格子骨に、太骨と細骨とを設け、縦格子骨は、隣り合う太縦骨の間に1本の細縦骨を配置する構成とした。横格子骨は耳側に設定した第1の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に4本の細横骨を配置する構成とし、足側の第2の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に3本の細横骨を配置する構成とした。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)は、厚さを5.4mm、幅を4.2mmとした断面六角形の骨により構成し、細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)は、厚さが4.0mm、幅が3.1mmの断面六角形の骨により構成した。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の厚さを細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の厚さで除した値は1.35、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の幅を細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の幅で除した値は1.35である。
実施例32の格子板においては、枠部の内側に形成される縦格子骨及び横格子骨に、太骨と細骨とを設け、縦格子骨は、隣り合う太縦骨の間に1本の細縦骨を配置する構成とした。横格子骨は耳側に設定した第1の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に4本の細横骨を配置する構成とし、足側の第2の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に3本の細横骨を配置する構成とした。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)は、厚さを5.4mm、幅を4.2mmとした断面六角形の骨により構成し、細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)は、厚さが3.6mm、幅が3.4mmの断面六角形の骨により構成した。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の厚さを細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の厚さで除した値は1.50、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の幅を細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の幅で除した値は1.24である。
実施例33の格子板においては、枠部の内側に形成される縦格子骨及び横格子骨に、太骨と細骨とを設け、縦格子骨は、隣り合う太縦骨の間に1本の細縦骨を配置する構成とした。横格子骨は耳側に設定した第1の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に4本の細横骨を配置する構成とし、足側の第2の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に3本の細横骨を配置する構成とした。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)は、厚さを5.4mm、幅を4.2mmとした断面六角形の骨により構成し、細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)は、厚さが3.2mm、幅が3.9mmの断面六角形の骨により構成した。太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の厚さを細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の厚さで除した値は1.69、太骨(太縦骨及び太横骨)の幅を細骨(細縦骨及び細横骨)の幅で除した値は1.08である。
実施例5ないし33の格子板に対し、ペースト充填機により同一条件でペースト状の正極用活物質を充填する活物質充填実験を実施し、その後、熟成・乾燥をして未化成の正極板を作製した。
実施例5ないし実施例33の格子板にペースト状活物質を充填した後、活物質充填時に下方を向いていた格子板の裏面側での活物質の充填状態を視認した。次いで、乾燥・熟成工程を経て製造した極板を断面して、活物質の充填状態を観察した。これらの結果を下記の表3に示す。
21 枠部
21a 横枠骨
21b 縦枠骨
22 格子
23 横格子骨
24 縦格子骨
25 集電用耳部
26 足部
Claims (13)
- 横方向に伸び縦方向に相対する一対の横枠骨と縦方向に伸び横方向に相対する一対の縦枠骨とを有する枠部と、前記横枠骨及び縦枠骨とそれぞれ平行に伸びるように設けられて前記枠部の内側に格子を形成する複数の横格子骨及び複数の縦格子骨と、前記枠部の一方の横枠骨に一体に形成された集電用耳部とを備えた鉛蓄電池用格子板であって、
前記縦格子骨及び横格子骨の少なくとも一方は、鉛蓄電池の所期の寿命期間の間腐食に耐え得る断面積を有する複数の細骨と前記細骨よりも断面積が大きい複数の太骨とを有して、各太骨に隣接する骨が細骨となるように前記太骨と細骨とが配列され、
前記複数の太骨は、前記枠部の厚さよりも小さい厚さを有して、それぞれの厚さ方向の一端側の端部及び他端側の端部をそれぞれ前記枠部の厚さ方向の一端側の端面及び他端側の端面よりも厚さ方向の内側に位置させ、かつそれぞれの厚さ方向の一端側の端部を同一平面上に位置させた状態で配置され、
前記細骨の幅及び厚さはそれぞれ前記太骨の幅及び厚さよりも小さく設定され、
前記複数の細骨は、それぞれの厚さ方向の一端側の端部を前記複数の太骨の厚さ方向の一端側の端部が配置された平面寄りに偏った位置に位置させた状態で設けられている、
鉛蓄電池用格子板。 - 前記縦格子骨は、前記太骨である太縦骨と、前記細骨である細縦骨とを有し、
前記横格子骨は、前記太骨である太横骨と、前記細骨である細横骨とを有している、
請求項1に記載の鉛蓄電池用格子板。 - 前記複数の細縦骨及び複数の細横骨は、それぞれの厚さ方向の一端側の端部を前記太縦骨及び太横骨の厚さ方向の一端側の端部が配置された平面と同一の平面上に位置させた状態で設けられている、
請求項2に記載の鉛蓄電池用格子板。 - 前記耳部が設けられた一方の横枠骨に隣接する領域で一定の面積当りに設けられている細横骨の数の太横骨の数に対する割合よりも、前記耳部から離れた位置にある他方の横枠骨寄りの領域で一定の面積当りに設けられている細横骨の数の太横骨の数に対する割合の方が小さくなっている、
請求項2に記載の鉛蓄電池用格子板。 - 前記縦格子骨を構成する太縦骨及び細縦骨は、前記横枠骨の長手方向に太縦骨と細縦骨とが交互に並ぶように設けられ、
前記耳部が設けられた一方の横枠骨側及び耳部から離れた位置にある他方の横枠骨側にそれぞれ第1の領域及び第2の領域が設定され、
前記一方の横枠骨及び他方の横枠骨を太横骨と見なしたときに、前記第1の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に配置される細横骨の数が、第2の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に配置される細横骨の数よりも多くなるように、前記第1の領域及び第2の領域における細横骨の数が設定されている、
請求項2に記載の鉛蓄電池用格子板。 - 前記第1の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に配置される細横骨の数は4であり、前記第2の領域で隣り合う太横骨の間に配置される細横骨の数は3である請求項5に記載の鉛蓄電池用格子板。
- 前記太縦骨の幅を前記細縦骨の幅で除した値、前記太縦骨の厚さを前記細縦骨の厚さで除した値、前記太横骨の幅を前記細横骨の幅で除した値及び前記太横骨の厚さを前記細横骨の厚さで除した値が1.1~1.5の範囲にある請求項2に記載の鉛蓄電池用格子板。
- 前記横格子骨は、前記太骨である太横骨と前記細骨である細横骨とを有するが、前記縦格子骨は前記太骨である太縦骨のみからなっている、
請求項1に記載の鉛蓄電池用格子板。 - 前記複数の細横骨は、それぞれの厚さ方向の一端側の端部を前記太縦骨及び太横骨の厚さ方向の一端側の端部が配置された平面と同一の平面上に位置させた状態で設けられている、
請求項8に記載の鉛蓄電池用格子板。 - 前記耳部が設けられた一方の横枠骨に隣接する領域で一定の面積当りに設けられている細横骨の数の太横骨の数に対する割合よりも、前記耳部から離れた位置にある他方の横枠骨寄りの領域で一定の面積当りに設けられている細横骨の数の太横骨の数に対する割合の方が小さくなっている、
請求項8に記載の鉛蓄電池用格子板。 - 前記耳部が設けられた一方の横枠骨側及び前記耳部から離れた位置にある他方の横枠骨側にそれぞれ細横骨の本数の太横骨の本数に対する割合を第1の割合とした第1の領域及び細横骨の本数の太横骨の本数に対する割合を前記第1の割合よりも少ない第2の割合とした第2の領域が設定されている、
請求項8に記載の鉛蓄電池用格子板。 - 請求項1ないし11の何れかに記載された格子板に活物質を充填してなる鉛蓄電池用極板。
- 少なくとも正極板が、請求項1ないし11の何れかに記載された格子板に正極活物質を充填した構成を有する鉛蓄電池。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN102144325A (zh) | 2011-08-03 |
EP2362469A1 (en) | 2011-08-31 |
EP2362469A4 (en) | 2013-09-18 |
JP2012079706A (ja) | 2012-04-19 |
US20110305957A1 (en) | 2011-12-15 |
JPWO2010073588A1 (ja) | 2012-06-07 |
JP5387666B2 (ja) | 2014-01-15 |
KR101634827B1 (ko) | 2016-06-29 |
CN102144325B (zh) | 2012-12-19 |
EP2362469B1 (en) | 2017-05-31 |
KR20110100186A (ko) | 2011-09-09 |
US8895192B2 (en) | 2014-11-25 |
JP4900627B2 (ja) | 2012-03-21 |
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