WO2010061816A1 - ショットピーニング用投射材の製造方法 - Google Patents
ショットピーニング用投射材の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010061816A1 WO2010061816A1 PCT/JP2009/069794 JP2009069794W WO2010061816A1 WO 2010061816 A1 WO2010061816 A1 WO 2010061816A1 JP 2009069794 W JP2009069794 W JP 2009069794W WO 2010061816 A1 WO2010061816 A1 WO 2010061816A1
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- Prior art keywords
- tempering
- projection material
- hardness
- projection
- shot
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- 0 *C*(*)C1CCCC1 Chemical compound *C*(*)C1CCCC1 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
- B24C1/10—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for compacting surfaces, e.g. shot-peening
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C11/00—Selection of abrasive materials or additives for abrasive blasts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/06—Surface hardening
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/63—Quenching devices for bath quenching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
- C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
- C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
- C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
- C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
- C21D7/06—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface by shot-peening or the like
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/36—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for balls; for rollers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2301/35—Iron
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2303/00—Functional details of metal or compound in the powder or product
- B22F2303/01—Main component
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a shot peening projection material.
- ceramic, amorphous metal, WC composite metal, and the like are commercially available and used as the high-hardness projection material, but the material cost is high and not practical.
- quenching and quenching and tempering which is an example of a technique for improving the hardness of a steel material having a relatively low material cost, there is a limit to increasing the hardness, and it is difficult to ensure sufficient hardness.
- Patent Document 1 a method for manufacturing a metal shot material disclosed in Patent Document 1 is known.
- a shot having a hardness equal to or higher than the hardness of the metal shot material is injected and collided with the surface of the metal shot material, thereby causing a local temperature increase near the surface layer of the metal shot material.
- the temperature is raised above a predetermined temperature, and then rapidly cooled to improve the fatigue strength of the metal shot material.
- the surface hardness of the metal shot material can be improved.
- the metal shot material is heated to a predetermined temperature or higher, thereby effecting the quenching treatment, and when the temperature is lower than the predetermined temperature.
- the effect of tempering the shot material is produced.
- the toughness of the metal shot material can also be improved.
- the process of injecting shots onto the metal shot material is repeated, the process of accidentally improving the toughness of the metal shot material is included, and the overall toughness of the metal shot material cannot be adequately managed. This is disadvantageous in that it is not suitable for stable mass production management of shot materials.
- Patent Document 1 it is difficult to achieve sufficient hardness using a low-cost material.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a shot peening projection material capable of realizing a stable increase in hardness while suppressing material costs.
- the method according to claim 1 is a method of manufacturing a projection material used for shot peening treatment, a quenching process in which the projection material is quenched by rapid cooling, and a baking in which the projection material is tempered at a predetermined tempering temperature. Including a returning step and a work hardening step in which stress is applied to the projection material to harden it, and steel is used as the material of the projection material.
- the predetermined tempering temperature is preferably set within a range of 130 ° C or higher and 230 ° C or lower.
- the predetermined tempering temperature is preferably set within a range of 160 ° C to 230 ° C.
- the projection material 1 is a steel shot material having a predetermined particle size.
- the projecting material 1 is projected toward the target component 3 by the shot peening machine 2, collides with the target component 3, and imparts compressive residual stress to the surface thereof, thereby improving the fatigue strength of the target component 3.
- the shot peening machine 2 is a device for projecting the projection material 1 by compressed air, centrifugal force of rotating blades, or the like.
- the shot peening machine 2 is directed at a predetermined speed toward the target component 3 arranged at a position separated by a predetermined distance. Project.
- the target component 3 is an object of a shot peening process in which a compressive residual stress is applied to the surface by projecting and colliding the projection material 1 on the surface by the shot peening machine 2.
- This is, for example, an automobile part such as a gear or a shaft, but is not limited thereto.
- the projection material manufacturing step S10 for manufacturing the projection material 1 includes a quenching process S20, a tempering process S30, and a work hardening process S40.
- the quenching step S ⁇ b> 20 is a so-called quenching granule having a predetermined diameter obtained by spraying the steel, which is the material of the projection material 1, into the water in a molten state (molten state). This is a heat treatment process using a water atomizing method.
- hardenable steel is used as a granulating material. When this steel is sprayed into water in a molten state, that is, in an austenite structure state, quenching is performed in which the steel is rapidly cooled to a martensite structure state.
- the quenching step S20 is not limited to the step using the water atomizing method, and may be a step of obtaining rapidly cooled particles using a molten metal material, such as a gas atomizing method or a disk atomizing method, and quenching by quenching is performed. Any process can be used.
- the tempering step S30 is a heat treatment step in which the granule 4 formed in the quenching step S20 is heated in the heating furnace 5 for a predetermined time and then gradually cooled.
- the quenched granule 4 is heated to a predetermined temperature (130 ° C. or higher and 230 ° C. or lower, more preferably 160 ° C. or higher) in the heating furnace 5 in which the temperature in the furnace can be adjusted to a constant temperature. Tempering by heating at 230 ° C. or lower for a predetermined time.
- the tempering step S30 improves the toughness of the granules 4 that have been lowered by the quenching step S20.
- the tempering step S30 is not limited to the step of heating in the heating furnace 5, and may be a step in which tempering is performed at a predetermined temperature. However, from the viewpoint of ensuring the toughness of the granules 4 and thus the toughness of the projection material 1 and ensuring the service life, it is desirable to temper at a temperature (130 ° C.) or higher at which a sufficient tempering effect is obtained.
- the work hardening step S ⁇ b> 40 is performed by projecting the granule 4 tempered in the tempering step S ⁇ b> 30 onto the target material 7 repeatedly using a shot peening machine 6.
- 4 is a processing step for improving the hardness of 4.
- the tempered granule 4 has a hardness equal to or higher than that of the granule 4 under a predetermined condition (predetermined speed, predetermined distance, etc.) using a shot peening machine 6.
- a predetermined condition predetermined speed, predetermined distance, etc.
- the hardness of the grains 4 is further improved.
- the projection conditions (projection speed, projection distance, etc.) in work hardening process S40 can be suitably changed according to the magnitude
- the work hardening step S40 is not limited to the step of applying an impact force to the particles 4 by projecting and colliding with the target material 7 using the shot peening machine 6, but applying a predetermined stress to the particles 4, Any process may be used as long as the body 4 is plastically deformed and cured.
- a hardened steel is used as a material
- the quenching step S20 the granule 4 subjected to the quenching process by the water atomizing method is formed, and then tempered.
- the granule 4 is tempered for a predetermined time in the heating furnace 5 at a predetermined temperature
- the work hardening step S40 the granule 4 is projected and collided with the target material 7 using the shot peening machine 6.
- the hardness change of the projection material 1 during the shot peening treatment is suppressed, and the shot peening treatment with stable quality is achieved. Is possible.
- FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the tempering temperature T when the tempering temperature is changed in the tempering step S30, the hardness H1 of the granule 4 after the tempering treatment, and the hardness H2 of the granule 4 after the work hardening treatment. More specifically, the specimens B1 to B5 that have undergone the tempering process at different tempering temperatures T are subjected to the work hardening process similar to the work hardening process S40, and after the tempering process. The result of having measured hardness H1 of this and H2 after a work hardening process using a suitable measuring device is shown.
- the hardness of all the specimens B1 to B5 could be improved by performing the work hardening process after the tempering process. This is because, in addition to the plastic deformation caused by applying stress to the specimens B1 to B5 and hardening, the residual austenite of the specimens B1 to B5 during the tempering process is induced to be martensite during the work hardening process. It depends on.
- the hardness H1 after tempering is about Hv650 to Hv700, and the hardness after work hardening.
- H2 is about Hv700 to Hv800
- specimens B1 to B3 tempered within the tempering temperature range (130 ° C. to 230 ° C.) in the present invention have a hardness H1 after tempering of about Hv650 to Hv800.
- the hardness H2 after curing was Hv850 or higher, and high hardness was achieved. This is due to the amount of retained austenite remaining in the specimen.
- the lower the tempering temperature T the more the hardness after work hardening treatment tends to increase, but in order to achieve the original tempering effect of improving toughness. It is necessary to be tempered at 130 ° C. or higher, and from the viewpoint of ensuring a repeated use life for use as the projection material 1, it is desirable to temper at 160 ° C. or higher. For this reason, in this invention, 130 degreeC or more is employ
- 230 ° C. or lower that reliably achieves Hv850 or higher (“high hardness” in the present specification) for the hardness H2 after work hardening is adopted as a preferable temperature range of the tempering temperature in the tempering step S30. ing.
- the tempering temperature in the tempering step S30 it is possible to select the tempering temperature in the tempering step S30 according to the desired hardness of the blasting material 1 manufactured by the blasting material manufacturing step S10 (for example, when a hardness of Hv950 or higher is desired).
- the tempering temperature is 130 ° C to 180 ° C).
- the hardness of the projection material 1 can be adjusted by adjusting the tempering temperature.
- FIG. 7 shows compressive residual stress applied to the target component 3 when projected onto the target component 3 using the shot peening machine 2 under the conditions shown in Table 2 using the projection materials E1 to E4 shown in Table 1. The result of having measured under the conditions shown in Table 3 is shown.
- the projection material E1 is a projection material manufactured by the projection material manufacturing step S10 of the present invention (the tempering temperature in the tempering step S30 is 180 ° C.), and the projection material E2 is the present invention.
- the projection material manufactured by the projection material manufacturing step S10 (the tempering temperature in the tempering step S30 is 230 ° C.)
- the projection material E3 is a ceramic projection material that is a high-hardness projection material
- the projection material E4 is This is a work-hardening-untreated steel projection material that has been subjected only to quenching and tempering.
- the residual stress value is slightly small and work hardening as a value comparable to that of the projection material E1 and the projection material E3 has not been realized, the compression is sufficiently large about 1.5 times when compared with the projection material E4. Residual stress can be applied, and it can be seen that the projection material E2 has substantially the same effect as the projection material E1.
- the shot peening process it is important from the viewpoint of quality assurance of the target component 3 to grasp the projection amount of the projection material based on the number of shots and the like. That is, a projection amount that realizes a desired fatigue strength is set in advance, and when the predetermined projection amount is not reached in the shot peening process, the fatigue strength of the target component 3 does not reach a desired value. It has been judged.
- the number of shots can be easily counted by an appropriate magnetic measurement device that measures the magnetism of the projection material and counts the number of shots.
- the projection material E1 is advantageous in that it is made of inexpensive steel and achieves the same fatigue strength improvement as the ceramic projection material E3, and the quality control for the shot peening process is simple. is there.
- the projection material E2 is made of inexpensive steel as in the case of the projection material E1, and realizes substantially the same fatigue strength improvement as the ceramic projection material E3, and the quality control for the shot peening process is simple. It is advantageous in that there is. While specific embodiments of the present invention have been described, it should be noted that they are not intended to limit the invention.
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Abstract
Description
また、ショットピーニング処理において、より安定した品質保証のために、投射材硬度の調整・管理技術が求められている。
また、材料コストの比較的安い鋼素材の硬度向上技術の一例である焼き入れ、焼き入れ焼き戻しのみでは、高硬度化に限界があり、十分な硬度を担保することは困難である。
この特許文献1に開示される方法によれば、金属ショット材の表面硬度を向上できる。さらに、金属ショット材にショットを投射する工程を繰り返す過程で、金属ショット材を所定温度以上に昇温することによって焼き入れ処理の効果が生じ、また、所定温度より低い温度となる場合等に金属ショット材を焼き戻す処理の効果が生じる。これにより、金属ショット材の靭性も向上できる。
しかしながら、ショットを金属ショット材に噴射する工程を繰り返していく際に、偶然的に金属ショット材の靭性を向上する過程が含まれることとなり、金属ショット材全体の靭性を十分に管理できず、金属ショット材の安定した量産管理に向かない点で不利である。また、特許文献1等に開示される技術を用いた場合、コストの低い材料を用いて十分な高硬度化を実現することは困難である。
投射材1は、所定の粒径を有する鋼製のショット材である。この投射材1がショットピーニング機2によってターゲット部品3に向かって投射されて、ターゲット部品3と衝突して、その表面に圧縮残留応力を付与することによって、ターゲット部品3の疲労強度を向上する。
ショットピーニング機2は、圧縮エアや回転羽の遠心力等によって投射材1を投射する装置であり、投射材1を所定距離離間した位置に配置されるターゲット部品3に向けて、所定の速度にて投射する。
ターゲット部品3は、ショットピーニング機2によって投射材1をその表面に投射・衝突させることにより当該表面に圧縮残留応力が付与される、ショットピーニング処理の対象物である。これは例えばギア、シャフト等の自動車部品であるが、それらに限定されるものではない。
図2に示すように、投射材製造工程S10は、焼き入れ工程S20、焼き戻し工程S30、加工硬化工程S40を具備する。
焼き入れ工程S20では、造粒の材料として焼き入れ性のある鋼が用いられる。この鋼が溶融状態、つまりオーステナイト組織の状態で水中に噴霧されることにより、急冷されてマルテンサイト組織の状態になる、いわゆる焼き入れが行われている。この焼き入れ工程S20を経ることによって、投射材1の材料である鋼が所定の粒径を有する粒体4として形成され、かつ、焼き入れによって硬度が増大した状態となる。また、この焼き入れ工程S20によって、粒体4の靭性が低下している。
なお、焼き入れ工程S20は、水アトマイズ法を用いる工程に限定されず、ガスアトマイズ法、ディスクアトマイズ法等、溶融状態の金属材料を用いて急冷粒体を得る工程でも良く、急冷による焼き入れが行われる工程であれば良い。
焼き戻し工程S30では、焼き入れ後の粒体4を、炉内の温度を一定温度に調整可能な加熱炉5内で、所定の温度(130℃以上230℃以下、より好ましくは、160℃以上230℃以下)で、所定時間加熱することにより焼き戻している。このように比較的低温で焼き戻すことにより、焼き入れ時にマルテンサイト組織化せずに残留したオーステナイト組織(残留オーステナイト)が焼き戻し後も残留する状態を作り出している。また、この焼き戻し工程S30により、焼き入れ工程S20によって低下した粒体4の靭性が向上されている。
なお、焼き戻し工程S30は、加熱炉5内にて加熱する工程に限定されず、所定の温度にて焼き戻しが行われる工程であれば良い。但し、粒体4の靭性、ひいては投射材1の靭性を確保して使用寿命を担保する観点から、焼き戻しの効果が十分に得られる温度(130℃)以上で焼き戻すことが望ましい。
加工硬化工程S40では、焼き戻し後の粒体4を、ショットピーニング機6を用いて所定条件(所定速度、所定距離等)下で、粒体4と同程度又はそれ以上の硬度を有するターゲット材7に向けて投射することにより、粒体4とターゲット材7とを衝突させて粒体4の表面を加工硬化している。このとき、粒体4内の残留オーステナイトが加工誘起してマルテンサイト化するため、粒体4の硬度がより向上する。この粒体4の投射を所定回数(又は所定時間)繰り返すことによって、十分に加工硬化された粒体4が得られる。
なお、加工硬化工程S40における投射条件(投射速度、投射距離等)は、粒体4の大きさ、質量等に応じて適宜変更可能である。
また、加工硬化工程S40は、ショットピーニング機6を用いてターゲット材7に投射・衝突させることによって粒体4に衝撃力を加える工程に限定されず、粒体4に所定の応力を加え、粒体4を塑性変形させて硬化させる工程であれば良い。
また、加工硬化工程S40において十分に加工硬化処理が施された投射材1をショットピーニング処理に用いることによって、ショットピーニング処理中の投射材1の硬度変化が抑制され、品質の安定したショットピーニング処理が可能となる。
図6は、焼き戻し工程S30において焼き戻し温度を変更した場合における焼き戻し温度Tと、焼き戻し処理後の粒体4の硬度H1及び加工硬化処理後の粒体4の硬度H2との関係を示しており、より具体的には、異なる焼き戻し温度Tにて焼き戻し処理を経た検体B1~B5に対して、加工硬化工程S40と同様の加工硬化処理を施した場合において、焼き戻し処理後の硬度H1と加工硬化処理後のH2を適宜の測定装置を用いて測定した結果を示す。
全ての検体B1~B5に対して、水アトマイズ法により造粒された平均粒径70μmの鋼製の粒体を用いることによって焼き入れ処理を施した。
検体によって焼き戻し温度を変更して(B1:150℃、B2:180℃、B3:230℃、B4:250℃、B5:290℃)、焼き戻し処理を施した。
全ての検体B1~B5に対して、エア圧力式のショットピーニング機を用いて適宜の加工硬化処理を施した。なお、その際の投射条件は、(エア圧:0.12MPa、エア流量:1.3m3/min、投射材重量:2.2kg/min、ターゲット材質:SK3焼き入れ、投射距離:15mm)とした。
以上のように、加工硬化処理後の検体B1~B3に対して、鋼を材料とする投射材としては非常に高硬度であるHv850を達成でき、特に検体B1及びB2ではHv950を達成できた。これは、加工硬化処理による硬度向上に加えて、比較的低温域で焼き戻したことにより、焼き戻し後もオーステナイト組織が多く残留し、その残留オーステナイトが加工硬化処理時に加工誘起することによってマルテンサイト化し、硬度が向上したためである。
また、図6によれば、焼き戻し温度Tが230℃程度のときに、加工硬化処理後の硬度H2がHv850以上となることが読み取れる。そこで、本発明では、加工硬化処理後の硬度H2についてHv850以上(本明細書における「高硬度」)を確実に達成する230℃以下を焼き戻し工程S30における焼き戻し温度の好ましい温度域として採用している。
図7は、表1に示す投射材E1~E4を用いて、表2に示す条件下でショットピーニング機2を用いて、ターゲット部品3に投射した場合のターゲット部品3に付与される圧縮残留応力を表3に示す条件下で測定した結果を示す。
これは、焼き戻し工程S30において、比較的低温域で焼き戻すことによって、残留オーステナイト量を多く残せることによる。つまり、この残留オーステナイトが加工硬化工程S40において、加工誘起してマルテンサイト化するため、応力付与による塑性変形に起因する硬化に加えて、金属組織の遷移に起因する硬化が起きることによる。
この点で、鋼製の投射材である投射材E1、E2、E4では、投射材の有する磁気を計測してショット数をカウントする適宜の磁気計測装置等によって容易にショット数をカウントすることができるのに対し、投射材E3のようなセラミック製の投射材はショット数計測が非常に困難であり、係る計測を可能とする特殊な計測装置が別途必要となる。このように、投射材E1は、安価な鋼を材料としつつ、セラミック製の投射材E3と同等の疲労強度向上を実現するとともに、ショットピーニング処理にかかる品質管理が簡単であるという点でも有利である。また、投射材E2についても、投射材E1と同様に安価な鋼を材料としつつ、セラミック製の投射材E3と略同等の疲労強度向上を実現するとともに、ショットピーニング処理にかかる品質管理が簡単であるという点で有利である。
本発明の特定の実施形態について説明したが、これらは本発明の限定を意図するものではないことに留意されたい。本発明の様々な実施形態の変形及び変更がその要旨から逸脱することなくなせることは当業者には明らかである。
本明細書中で提供されたいずれの例示または例示的な用語(例えば、「等」)の使用は、単に本発明を説明し易くするという意図であるに過ぎず、特に請求の範囲に記載しない限り本発明の範囲に制限を加えるものではない。
Claims (3)
- ショットピーニング処理に用いる投射材を製造する方法であって、
前記投射材を急冷によって焼き入れる焼き入れ工程と、
前記投射材を所定の焼き戻し温度で焼き戻す焼き戻し工程と、
前記投射材に応力を加えて加工硬化させる加工硬化工程と、を含み、
前記投射材の材料として鋼を用いるショットピーニング用投射材製造方法。 - 前記所定の焼き戻し温度は、130℃以上230℃以下の範囲内で設定される請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記所定の焼き戻し温度は、160℃以上230℃以下の範囲内で設定される請求項1に記載の方法。
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CN200980152652.4A CN102264512B (zh) | 2008-11-26 | 2009-11-24 | 喷丸硬化用抛射材料的制造方法 |
BRPI0920963-8A BRPI0920963B1 (pt) | 2008-11-26 | 2009-11-24 | método para fabricar materiais de projeção para jateamento com granalha |
US13/131,566 US20120085469A1 (en) | 2008-11-26 | 2009-11-24 | Method for manufacturing projection materials for a shot peening |
PL09829064T PL2363243T3 (pl) | 2008-11-26 | 2009-11-24 | Sposób wytwarzania materiału strzelniczego do kulowania |
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KR101273076B1 (ko) | 2011-09-29 | 2013-06-10 | 에스엘 주식회사 | 이중 반사부 구조 |
CN103045830B (zh) * | 2013-01-15 | 2015-01-07 | 西安交通大学 | 一种提高高铬奥氏体钢抗高温蒸汽氧化的表面喷丸工艺 |
JP5723942B2 (ja) * | 2013-09-18 | 2015-05-27 | 株式会社不二機販 | 粉末状金属材料の表面処理方法 |
FR3029438B1 (fr) * | 2014-12-05 | 2019-06-21 | Winoa | Procede de fabrication de grenailles comportant un traitement thermochimique d'enrichissement superficiel des grenailles en carbone |
KR101828288B1 (ko) * | 2016-12-23 | 2018-02-12 | 주식회사 포스코 | 강도 및 내마모성이 우수한 쇼트볼 및 그 제조방법 |
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CN111168577A (zh) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-05-19 | 诸暨市领诚信息技术有限公司 | 一种铜加工产品材料表面处理方法 |
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US20100322816A1 (en) * | 2008-02-28 | 2010-12-23 | Yuji Kobayashi | Raw material for shot-peening materials, finished wire, method of manufacturing shot-peening materials, and shot-peening materials |
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US20120085469A1 (en) | 2012-04-12 |
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