WO2010034711A1 - Aliphatische polyester - Google Patents
Aliphatische polyester Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010034711A1 WO2010034711A1 PCT/EP2009/062261 EP2009062261W WO2010034711A1 WO 2010034711 A1 WO2010034711 A1 WO 2010034711A1 EP 2009062261 W EP2009062261 W EP 2009062261W WO 2010034711 A1 WO2010034711 A1 WO 2010034711A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/16—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/16—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
- C08G63/20—Polyesters having been prepared in the presence of compounds having one reactive group or more than two reactive groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/91—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08G63/914—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/916—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K13/00—Use of mixtures of ingredients not covered by one single of the preceding main groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C08K13/02—Organic and inorganic ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/01—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients characterized by their specific function
- C08K3/013—Fillers, pigments or reinforcing additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/01—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients characterized by their specific function
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/0016—Plasticisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L69/00—Compositions of polycarbonates; Compositions of derivatives of polycarbonates
Definitions
- the present invention relates to copolymers obtainable by condensation of
- the present invention relates to copolymers obtainable by condensation of
- ii 0.5 to 10 mol%, based on the components i to ii, azelaic acid, sebacic acid and / or brassylic acid
- iv) from 0.01 to 5% by weight, based on the total weight of components i to iii, of a chain extender and / or crosslinker selected from the group consisting of: a polyfunctional isocyanate, isocyanurate, oxazoline, epoxide (in particular an epoxide-containing poly ( meth) acrylate), an at least trifunctional alcohol or an at least trifunctional carboxylic acid.
- a chain extender and / or crosslinker selected from the group consisting of: a polyfunctional isocyanate, isocyanurate, oxazoline, epoxide (in particular an epoxide-containing poly ( meth) acrylate), an at least trifunctional alcohol or an at least trifunctional carboxylic acid.
- the invention relates to a process for the preparation of the copolymers, polymer blends containing these copolymers and the use of these copolymers.
- EP-A 565 235 discloses aliphatic copolyesters based on succinic acid and sebacic acid. However, these have a significantly higher sebacic acid content than the copolyesters according to the invention. For injection molding, this polymer is not so well suited due to the greatly reduced rigidity compared to PBS, the impaired heat resistance and the lower crystallization rate and an associated increased cycle time.
- the aim of the present invention was to provide an aliphatic polyester which can be processed well by injection molding. Furthermore, the injection-molded parts should have good mechanical properties and, compared to PBS, improved biodegradability.
- a mixture of the dicarboxylic acids is heated in the presence of an excess of diol together with the catalyst usually first for a period of about 60-180 min to an internal temperature of 170 to 230 0 C and distilled off any water formed. Subsequently, the melt of the prepolyester thus obtained is usually at an internal temperature of 200 to 250 0 C within 3 to 6 hours at reduced pressure while distilling off diols to the desired viscosity with a viscosity number (VZ) of 100 to 450 ml_ / g and preferably 120 to 250 ml / g condensed.
- VZ viscosity number
- the copolymers according to the invention can furthermore be prepared by the processes described in WO 96/15173 and EP-A 488 617. It has proven advantageous to first convert components i) to iii) to give a prepolyester having a VZ of 50 to 100 ml / g, preferably 60 to 90 ml / g, and to add these to the prepolyester. Combined with chain extenders vib), for example with diisocyanates or with epoxide-containing polymethacrylates in a chain extension reaction to a polyester with a VZ of 100 to 450 mL / g, preferably 120 to 250 ml_ / g implement.
- Succinic acid is accessible on a petrochemical route and preferably from renewable raw materials such as described in PCT / EP2008 / 006714.
- PCT / EP2008 / 006714 discloses a biotechnological process for the production of succinic acid and 1, 4-butanediol starting from different carbohydrates with microorganisms from the class of Pasteurellaceae.
- Acid component ii relates to one or more C 2 -C 20 -dicarboxylic acids, such as octanedioic acid (suberic acid), nonanedioic acid (azelaic acid), decanedioic acid (sebacic acid), undecanedioic acid, dodecanedioic acid, tridecanedioic acid (brassylic acid), tetradecanedioic acid and hexadecanedioic acid.
- Preferred dicarboxylic acids are: azelaic acid, sebacic acid and / or brassylic acid. Particular preference is given to sebacic acid.
- Acid component ii is used in 0.5 to 10 mol%, preferably 1 to 9 mol%, and particularly preferably 2 to 8 mol%, based on the acid components i and ii.
- Sebacic acid is accessible from renewable raw materials, in particular from castor oil.
- Azelaic acid and brassylic acid are e.g. starting from vegetable oils according to WO 2008/138892 A1.
- Such polyesters are characterized by an excellent biological degradation behavior [literature: Polym. Degr. Rod. 2004, 85, 855-863].
- Amber and sebacic acid can be used either as the free acid or in the form of ester-forming derivatives.
- the di-Cr to C ⁇ -alkyl esters such as dimethyl, diethyl, di-n-propyl, di-isopropyl, di-n-butyl, di-iso-butyl, di-t-butyl, di are as ester-forming derivatives n-pentyl, di-iso-pentyl or di-n-hexyl esters.
- Anhydrides of dicarboxylic acids can also be used.
- the dicarboxylic acids or their ester-forming derivatives can be used individually or as a mixture.
- the diols 1, 3-propanediol and 1, 4-butanediol are also available from renewable resources. It is also possible to use mixtures of the two diols. Because of the higher melting temperatures and the better crystallization of the copolymer formed, 1,4-butanediol is preferred as the diol.
- the diol (component iii) becomes the acids (components i and ii) in a ratio of diol to diacids of 1.0 to 2.5: 1 and preferably 1, 3 to 2.2: 1 set. Excess diol quantities are withdrawn during the polycondensation, so that sets an approximately equimolar ratio at the end of the polymerization. By approximately equimolar is meant a diol / diacid ratio of 0.98 to 1.02.
- the copolymers mentioned may have hydroxyl and / or carboxyl end groups in any ratio.
- the aliphatic polyesters mentioned can also be end-group-modified.
- OH end groups can be acid-modified by reaction with phthalic acid, phthalic anhydride, trimellitic acid, trimellitic anhydride, pyromellitic acid or pyromellitic anhydride.
- Low acid copolymers are preferred.
- a crosslinker iva and or chain extender ivb selected from the group consisting of: a polyfunctional isocyanate, isocyanurate, oxazoline, carboxylic anhydride such as maleic anhydride, epoxy (in particular an epoxide-containing poly (meth) acrylate), an at least trifunctional alcohol or an at least trifunctional carboxylic acid used.
- Suitable chain extenders ivb are polyfunctional and in particular difunctional isocyanates, isocyanurates, oxazolines or epoxides.
- the crosslinkers iva) are usually in a concentration of 0.01 to 5 wt .-%, preferably 0.02 to 1 wt .-% and particularly preferably 0.05 to 0.5 wt .-% based on the total weight the components i to iii used.
- the chain extenders ivb) are generally used in a concentration of 0.01 to 5 wt .-%, preferably 0.2 to 4 wt .-% and particularly preferably 0.35 to 2 wt .-% based on the total weight of the components i used to iii.
- Chain extenders and alcohols or carboxylic acid derivatives having at least three functional groups can also be understood as crosslinkers.
- Particularly preferred compounds have three to six functional groups. Examples include: tartaric acid, citric acid, malic acid; Trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane; pentaerythritol; Polyether triols and glycerol, trimesic acid, trimellitic acid, trimellitic anhydride, pyromellitic acid and pyromellitic dianhydride. Preference is given to polyols such as trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol and in particular glycerol.
- biodegradable polyesters with a structural viscosity can be built up.
- the rheological behavior of the melts improves;
- the biodegradable polyesters are easier to process, for example, better by melt consolidation to remove films.
- the compounds iv have a shear-thinning effect, ie they increase the intrinsic viscosity of the polymer.
- the viscosity under load is reduced.
- Epoxides are understood as meaning, in particular, epoxide-group-containing copolymer based on styrene, acrylic acid ester and / or methacrylic acid ester.
- the epoxy groups bearing units are preferably glycidyl (meth) acrylates.
- Copolymers having a glycidyl methacrylate content of greater than 20, particularly preferably greater than 30 and especially preferably greater than 50% by weight, of the copolymer have proved to be advantageous.
- the epoxy equivalent weight (EEW) in these polymers is preferably 150 to 3000, and more preferably 200 to 500 g / equivalent.
- the weight average molecular weight Mw of the polymers is preferably from 2,000 to 25,000, in particular from 3,000 to 8,000.
- the average molecular weight (number average) M n of the polymers is preferably from 400 to 6,000, in particular from 1,000 to 4,000.
- the polydispersity (Q) is generally between 1.5 and 5.
- pen epoxide group-containing copolymers of the above type are sold for example by BASF Resins BV under the trademark Joncryl ® ADR. Is particularly suitable as a chain extender for example Joncryl ® ADR 4368th
- crosslinking (at least trifunctional) compounds In general, it is useful to add the crosslinking (at least trifunctional) compounds at an earlier stage of the polymerization.
- Suitable bifunctional chain extenders are the following compounds:
- tolylene-2,4-diisocyanate, tolylene-2,6-diisocyanate, 2,2'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 2,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, naphthylene are among an aromatic diisocyanate d1 -1, 5-diisocyanate or xylylene diisocyanate understood.
- 2,2'-, 2,4'- and 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate are particularly preferred.
- the latter diisocyanates are used as a mixture.
- minor amounts, e.g. up to 5% by weight, based on the total weight, of the diisocyanates may also contain urethione groups, for example for capping the isocyanate groups.
- aliphatic diisocyanate refers above all to linear or branched alkylene diisocyanates or cycloalkylene diisocyanates having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 3 to 12 carbon atoms, e.g. 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate or methylene bis (4-isocyanatocyclohexane).
- Particularly preferred aliphatic diisocyanates are isophorone diisocyanate and in particular 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate.
- the preferred isocyanurates include the aliphatic isocyanurates derived from alkylene diisocyanates or cycloalkylene diisocyanates having from 2 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably from 3 to 12 carbon atoms, for example isophorone diisocyanate or methylene bis (4-isocyanatocyclohexane).
- the alkylene diisocyanates can be both linear and branched. Particular preference is given to isocyanurates which are based on n-hexa methylene diisocyanate based, for example, cyclic trimers, pentamers or higher oligomers of 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate.
- 2,2'-bisoxazolines are generally obtainable by the method of Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., Vol. 11 (1972), pp. 287-288.
- Particularly preferred bisoxazolines are 2,2'-bis (2-oxazoline), bis (2-oxazolinyl) methane, 1, 2-bis (2-oxazolinyl) ethane, 1, 3-bis (2-oxazolinyl) propane or 1 , 4-bis (2-oxazolinyl) butane, especially 1, 4-bis (2-oxazolinyl) benzene, 1, 2-bis (2-oxazolinyl) benzene or 1,3-bis (2-oxazolinyl) benzene.
- the compounds iv are preferably used in amounts of 0.01 to 5, preferably 0.05 to 2, particularly preferably 0.08 to 1 wt .-%, based on the amount of polymer.
- the preferred copolymers generally have a number average molecular weight (Mn) in the range from 5000 to 100,000, in particular in the range from 10,000 to 75,000 g / mol, preferably in the range from 15,000 to 50,000 g / mol, a weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of 30,000 to 300,000, preferably 60000 to 200,000 g / mol and a Mw / Mn ratio of 1 to 6, preferably 2 to 4 on.
- Mn number average molecular weight
- Mw weight-average molecular weight
- the viscosity number is between 30 and 450, preferably from 50 to 400 g / ml (measured in o-dichlorobenzene / phenol (weight ratio 50/50).)
- the melting point is in the range from 85 to 130, preferably in the range from 95 to 120 0 C.
- the viscosity number (VZ) of the copolymers formed is from 100 to 450 ml./g, preferably from 10 to 300 ml / g, and in particular from 120 to 250 ml / g.
- an organic filler is selected from the group consisting of: native or plasticized starch, natural fibers, wood flour, crushed cork, ground bark, nutshells, ground press cakes (vegetable oil refinery), dried production residues from fermentation or distillation of beverages, such as beer, brewed sodas, wine or sake and / or an inorganic filler selected from the group consisting of: chalk, graphite, gypsum, conductive carbon black, iron oxide, calcium chloride, Dolomite, kaolin, silica (quartz), sodium carbonate, titanium dioxide, silicate, wollastonite, mica, montmorello-nite, talc, glass fibers and mineral fibers.
- Starch and amylose may be native, ie non-thermoplasticized or thermoplasticized with plasticizers such as glycerol or sorbitol (EP-A 539 541, EP-A 575 349, EP
- Natural fibers are understood as meaning cellulose fibers, hemp fibers, sisal, kenaf, jute, flax, abaca, coconut fiber or even wood flour.
- Preferred fibrous fillers are glass fibers, carbon fibers, aramid fibers, potassium titanate fibers and natural fibers, glass fibers being particularly preferred as E glass. These can be used as rovings or, in particular, as cut glass in the commercial forms. These fibers generally have a diameter of 3 to 30 microns, preferably 6 to 20 microns and more preferably from 8 to 15 microns.
- the fiber length in the compound is generally 20 .mu.m to 1000 .mu.m, preferably 180 to 500 .mu.m and more preferably 200 to 400 .mu.m.
- the fillers can be surface-pretreated for better compatibility with the thermoplastic, for example with a silane compound.
- Suitable silane compounds are those of the general formula
- X is NH 2 -, CH 2 -CH-, HO-,
- m is an integer from 1 to 5, preferably 1 to 2
- k is an integer from 1 to 3, preferably 1
- Preferred silane compounds are aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, aminobutyltrimethoxysilane, aminopropyltriethoxysilane, aminobutyltriethoxysilane and the corresponding silanes which contain a glycidyl group as substituent X or halosilanes.
- the silane compounds are generally used in amounts of from 0.01 to 2, preferably from 0.025 to 1.0, and in particular from 0.05 to 0.5,% by weight (based on C) of the surface coating.
- the biodegradable polyester mixtures according to the invention may contain further ingredients known to the person skilled in the art but not essential to the invention.
- plastics technology such as stabilizers; nucleating agents; Neutralizing agents; Lubricants and release agents such as stearates (especially calcium stearate); Plasticizers such as citric acid esters (especially tributyl citrate and acetyl tributyl citrate), glyceric acid esters such as triacetylglycerol or ethylene glycol derivatives, surfactants such as polysorbates, palmitates or laurates; Waxes such as beeswax or beeswax esters; Antistatic agent, UV absorber; UV-stabilizer; Antifog agents or dyes.
- the additives are used in concentrations of 0 to 5 wt .-%, in particular 0.1 to 2 wt .-% based on the copolymers of the invention.
- Plasticizers may be present in 0.1 to 10 wt .-% in the copolymers of the invention.
- the preparation of the biodegradable copolymer mixtures according to the invention from the individual components can be carried out by known processes (EP 792 309 and US Pat. No. 5,883,199).
- all mixing partners may be used in a method step in known in the art mixing devices, such as kneaders or extruders (especially di- and multi-screw extruder) at elevated temperatures, for example from 120 0 C to 300 0 C, preferably mixed 150 ° C to 250 0 C. and be reacted.
- Typical copolymer blends include:
- a polymer selected from the group consisting of: polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, polyhydroxyalkanoate, aliphatic polycarbonate, chitosan and GIU and th or a polyester based on aliphatic diols and aliphatic / aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as polybutylene succinate (PBS), polybutylene succinate adipate (PBSA), polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate (PBAT).
- the copolymer mixtures in turn preferably contain from 0.05 to 2% by weight of a compatibilizer.
- Preferred compatibilizers are carboxylic acid anhydrides, such as maleic anhydride, and in particular the previously described epoxide group-containing copolymers based on styrene, acrylic esters and / or methacrylic acid esters.
- the epoxy groups bearing units are preferably glycidyl (meth) acrylates.
- the epoxy-containing copolymers of the above type are sold for example by BASF Resins BV under the trademark Joncryl ® ADR. Is particularly suitable as compatibilizers for example Joncryl ® ADR 4368th
- polylactic acid As a biodegradable polyester, for example, polylactic acid is suitable.
- Polylactic acid having the following property profile is preferably used: • a melt volume rate (MVR at 190 0 C and 2.16 kg to ISO 1 133 of 0.5 - preferably 2 - to 30 ml / 10 minutes
- Preferred polylactic acids are, for example, NatureWorks® 3001, 3051, 3251, 4032 or 4042D (polylactic acids from NatureWorks or NL-Naarden and USA Blair / Kansas)).
- Polyhydroxyalkanoates are understood as meaning primarily poly-4-hydroxybutyrates and poly-3-hydroxybutyrates, and furthermore copolyesters of the abovementioned hydroxybutyrates with 3-hydroxyvalerates.
- Poly-4-hydroxybutyrates are known in particular from the company Metabolix. They are sold under the trade name Mirel®.
- Poly-3-hydroxybutyrates are sold, for example, by PHB Industrial under the brand name Biocycle® and by Tianan under the name Enmat®.
- the polyhydroxyalkanoates generally have a molecular weight M w of from 100,000 to 1,000,000, and preferably from 300,000 to 600,000.
- Partly aromatic polyesters based on aliphatic diols and aliphatic / aromatic dicarboxylic acids are also understood to mean polyester derivatives such as polyether esters, polyester amides or polyetheresteramides.
- Suitable partially aromatic polyesters include linear non-chain extended polyesters (WO 92/09654). Preferred are chain-extended and / or branched partially aromatic polyesters. The latter are known from the aforementioned documents WO 96/15173 to 15176, 21689 to 21692, 25446, 25448 or WO 98/12242, to which reference is expressly made. Mixtures of different partially aromatic polyesters are also possible. In particular, under partly aromatic polyesters products such as Ecoflex ® (BASF Aktiengesellschaft), Eastar ® Bio and Origo-Bi ® (No- vamont) to understand.
- Polycaprolactone is marketed by the company. Daicel under the product names Placcel ®.
- aliphatic polycarbonates are meant in particular polyethylene carbonate and polypropylene carbonate.
- the copolymers and copolymer mixtures according to the invention have a higher biodegradability compared to PBS.
- biodegradable for a substance or a substance mixture is fulfilled if this substance or the substance mixture according to DIN EN 13432 after the prescribed periods has a percentage degree of biodegradation of at least 90%.
- biodegradability causes the polyester (mixtures) to decompose in a reasonable and detectable time.
- Degradation can be effected enzymatically, hydrolytically, oxidatively and / or by the action of electromagnetic radiation, for example UV radiation, and is usually effected for the most part by the action of microorganisms such as bacteria, yeasts, fungi and algae.
- the biodegradability can be quantified, for example, by mixing polyesters with compost and storing them for a certain period of time. For example, according to DIN EN 13432, with reference to ISO 14855, C02-free air is allowed to flow through ripened compost during composting and subjected to a defined temperature program.
- biodegradability is determined by the ratio of the net CO 2 release of the sample (after deduction of the CO 2 release by the compost without sample) to the maximum CO 2 release of the sample (calculated from the carbon content of the sample) as a percentage of biodegradation Are defined.
- Biodegradable polyesters (mixtures) generally show signs of decomposition after only a few days of composting, such as fungal growth, cracking and hole formation.
- the copolymers according to the invention are suitable for the production of adhesives, dispersions, moldings, extruded foams, particle foams, films and film tapes for meshes and fabrics, tubular films, chill-roll films with and without orientation in a further process step, with and without metallization or SiO 2. Coating suitable. Moldings are in particular moldings with wall thicknesses greater than 200 microns to understand, which can be prepared by the molding processes such as injection molding, injection blow molding, extrusion / thermoforming, extrusion blow molding and calendering / thermoforming.
- the components of the copolymers according to the invention have good biodegradability compared with those of PBS.
- interesting fields of application are therefore: catering cutlery, plates, plant pots, pots, refillable containers and closures for non-food applications such as detergents or agricultural products and food applications, extrusion blown or injection blow molded articles such as bottles, film applications for inliners, heavyweight bags, carrier bags, freezer bags, beverage bottles, bottles for other contents, screw cap containers for cosmetics, etc.
- the molecular weight M n of the partially aromatic polyesters was determined as follows:
- HFIP hexafluoroisopropanol
- VICAT softening temperature (Vicat A) was determined according to ISO 306: 2004 on test specimens with a thickness of 0.4 mm.
- the modulus of elasticity, the yield stress and the elongation at break were determined by means of a tensile test on press foils having a thickness of about 420 ⁇ m in accordance with ISO 527-3: 2003.
- the testing machine used is a Zwick 1 120 equipped with a spherical punch with a diameter of 2.5 mm.
- the sample a circular piece of the film to be measured, was clamped perpendicular to the test die and passed through it at a constant test speed of 50 mm / min. Through the plane defined by the jig. During the test, both the force and the elongation were recorded and the piercing work was determined.
- Example 1 (PBS, comparative example): First, a mixture of butanediol (93.7 g, 130 mol%), succinic acid (94.5 g, 100 mol%) and glycerol 0.2 g (0.1 wt%) in the presence of TBOT ( 0.2 g) was heated to 200 0 C and for 30 min, the resulting water was distilled off. This prepolyester was then reacted at reduced pressure ( ⁇ 5 mbar) to high molecular weight polyester. For this purpose, distilled off to a temperature of 250 0 C 1, 4-butanediol. The polyester obtained had a VZ of 171 ml / g.
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (10)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL09783285T PL2350162T3 (pl) | 2008-09-29 | 2009-09-22 | Poliestry alifatyczne |
CN2009801382706A CN102164983A (zh) | 2008-09-29 | 2009-09-22 | 脂族聚酯 |
JP2011528305A JP5858786B2 (ja) | 2008-09-29 | 2009-09-22 | 脂肪族ポリエステル |
AU2009295910A AU2009295910B2 (en) | 2008-09-29 | 2009-09-22 | Aliphatic polyester |
EP09783285.1A EP2350162B1 (de) | 2008-09-29 | 2009-09-22 | Aliphatische polyester |
BRPI0919458A BRPI0919458A2 (pt) | 2008-09-29 | 2009-09-22 | copolímero, mistura de copolímeros, processo para produzir copolímeros, e, uso dos copolímeros e das misturas de copolímeros |
US13/121,659 US20110313075A1 (en) | 2008-09-29 | 2009-09-22 | Aliphatic polyester |
KR1020117009700A KR101731123B1 (ko) | 2008-09-29 | 2009-09-22 | 지방족 폴리에스테르 |
ES09783285.1T ES2659873T3 (es) | 2008-09-29 | 2009-09-22 | Poliésteres alifáticos |
US13/848,961 US9234073B2 (en) | 2008-09-29 | 2013-03-22 | Aliphatic polyester |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP08165370 | 2008-09-29 | ||
EP08165370.1 | 2008-09-29 |
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US13/121,659 A-371-Of-International US20110313075A1 (en) | 2008-09-29 | 2009-09-22 | Aliphatic polyester |
US13/848,961 Division US9234073B2 (en) | 2008-09-29 | 2013-03-22 | Aliphatic polyester |
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WO2010034711A1 true WO2010034711A1 (de) | 2010-04-01 |
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PCT/EP2009/062261 WO2010034711A1 (de) | 2008-09-29 | 2009-09-22 | Aliphatische polyester |
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US (2) | US20110313075A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2350162B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP5858786B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR101731123B1 (de) |
CN (2) | CN102164983A (de) |
AU (1) | AU2009295910B2 (de) |
BR (1) | BRPI0919458A2 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2659873T3 (de) |
PL (1) | PL2350162T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2010034711A1 (de) |
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CN105218794A (zh) | 2016-01-06 |
KR20110076977A (ko) | 2011-07-06 |
US20130214455A1 (en) | 2013-08-22 |
PL2350162T3 (pl) | 2018-05-30 |
JP5858786B2 (ja) | 2016-02-10 |
US9234073B2 (en) | 2016-01-12 |
EP2350162A1 (de) | 2011-08-03 |
BRPI0919458A2 (pt) | 2019-09-24 |
ES2659873T3 (es) | 2018-03-19 |
CN102164983A (zh) | 2011-08-24 |
JP2012504167A (ja) | 2012-02-16 |
AU2009295910B2 (en) | 2014-05-22 |
EP2350162B1 (de) | 2017-11-15 |
US20110313075A1 (en) | 2011-12-22 |
AU2009295910A1 (en) | 2010-04-01 |
KR101731123B1 (ko) | 2017-04-27 |
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