WO2010024333A1 - 石炭の処理方法及び処理システム - Google Patents
石炭の処理方法及び処理システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010024333A1 WO2010024333A1 PCT/JP2009/064964 JP2009064964W WO2010024333A1 WO 2010024333 A1 WO2010024333 A1 WO 2010024333A1 JP 2009064964 W JP2009064964 W JP 2009064964W WO 2010024333 A1 WO2010024333 A1 WO 2010024333A1
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- coal
- drying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
- C10L9/08—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by heat treatments, e.g. calcining
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
- C10L5/04—Raw material of mineral origin to be used; Pretreatment thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
- C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
- C10L5/36—Shape
- C10L5/361—Briquettes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
- C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
- C10L5/36—Shape
- C10L5/363—Pellets or granulates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K1/00—Preparation of lump or pulverulent fuel in readiness for delivery to combustion apparatus
- F23K1/04—Heating fuel prior to delivery to combustion apparatus
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a coal processing method and a processing system for effectively using low-cost coal, particularly low-grade coal, in a coal-utilizing facility.
- Patent Document 1 a coal drying method and a drying facility disclosed in Patent Document 1 below are known as attempts to escape from such a situation.
- This drying facility dries low-grade coal to 80 to 150 ° C using the combustion exhaust gas after passing through the boiler air heater of the coal-fired power generation facility when drying such low-grade coal. It is said that the later exhaust gas (exhaust gas) is supplied to an electric dust collector (electric dust collector) of a coal-fired power generation facility.
- a scrubber cleaning dust collector
- wet processing is also known as a means for removing pulverized coal accompanying the exhaust gas.
- various methods such as a reservoir type that collects dust by passing exhaust gas through the stored water, a pressurized water type that injects pressurized water into the flow of exhaust gas, and a packed bed type and a rotary type are adopted. ing.
- the transportation (coal transportation) of coal to such a coal-fired power generation facility is made of bituminous coal 501 that is high-grade coal and low-grade coal in a coal accumulation relay facility 500 called a coal center, as shown in FIG.
- a sub-bituminous coal 502 is blended (mixed) in a coal blending process 503 at a ratio of, for example, 8 to 2 in a mass ratio, and the blended (mixed coal) coal is manufactured as a cement-using facility through a transport process 504 such as a belt conveyor. It is carried out by transporting to the facility 600 or the coal-fired power generation facility 700.
- the transported coal is configured to be used as fuel in the firing process 601 of the cement manufacturing facility 600 and the boiler process 701 of the coal-fired power generation facility 700.
- exhaust gas containing pulverized coal after drying treatment is discharged through an electric dust collector and a desulfurization device or the like, or pulverized coal is removed by discharging it through a wet process.
- pulverized coal that could not be completely removed may be discharged with high-temperature exhaust gas, which may cause environmental impact or cause ignition. Can not wipe.
- the pulverized coal removed from the exhaust gas is moistened. Therefore, when the pulverized coal is recovered and reused, it is necessary to perform a drying process again. There is a problem that it is difficult to prevent the expansion of energy loss.
- the low-grade coal transported from the coal accumulation relay facility 500 described above is dried and only the dried low-grade coal is sent to the fuel combustion boiler (boiler process 701) of the coal-fired power generation facility 700, Before it burns the coal after blending with high-grade coal (mixed coal) in the coal-fired power generation facility 700, it may pollute the surrounding environment by generating dust (generating dust).
- dust generating dust
- coal-fired power generation equipment for example, high-grade coal and low-grade coal that has been subjected to drying treatment are mixed and used as fuel for coal-fired power generation equipment, but various low-grade coals are used under uniform and constant conditions. Since the coal is dried together, for example, when the total moisture content of the low-grade coal varies depending on conditions, the total moisture content of the coal brought into the coal-fired boiler (fuel combustion boiler) may vary. is there. In addition, depending on the type of coal, the amount of moisture that can be dried is small, and the difference in total moisture before and after drying may be small.
- the conditions for drying the low-grade coal for example, the amount of heat required for drying and the drying time
- the operating conditions for the coal-fired power generation facility for example, the operating time and the amount of fuel supplied
- the present invention has been made to solve such problems, and in particular, low-grade coal is efficiently dried at low cost and efficiently in an environmentally good state, and is effectively used in a coal utilization facility. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and a system for treating coal. In addition, the present invention can reduce the total water content of coal mixed with low-grade coal and high-grade coal, and thus can improve the thermal efficiency when burning in coal-utilizing facilities, To provide a coal processing method and a processing system capable of improving the utilization rate of low-grade coal while minimizing the influence on the environment such as dust generated from the low-grade coal during transportation. With the goal.
- the present invention aims to stabilize the quality of coal blended coal that is brought into the coal-fired power generation facility and reduce the total water content, improve the combustion efficiency and improve the thermal efficiency, It is an object of the present invention to provide a coal processing method and a processing system capable of reducing the amount of heat required for drying while stabilizing the operating conditions of a power generation facility so that the coal utilization facility can be operated at a low cost.
- the method for treating coal according to the present invention is a method for treating coal in which coal is dried and burned in a coal-fired power generation facility, and the interior is partitioned into an upper drying chamber and a lower gas chamber by a gas dispersion plate, A paddle shaft horizontally mounted is rotatably provided, and a plurality of paddles for agitating coal at intervals in the axial direction of the paddle shaft are mounted in the drying chamber of the paddle stirring dryer. Then, hot gas is supplied into the gas chamber from a hot gas supply facility different from the coal thermal power generation facility to dry the coal.
- it may include a step of blending the dried dry coal with untreated coal other than the dry coal and a step of feeding the blended coal to the coal-fired power generation facility.
- a step of cooling the exhaust gas containing the pulverized coal by mixing other gas with the exhaust gas containing the pulverized coal discharged from the drying facility may be provided.
- the method includes a step of determining whether or not the coal needs to be dried before drying the coal, and the determination of whether or not the drying treatment is necessary is based on information on the total moisture and equilibrium moisture of the coal before drying.
- the coal to be treated having a predetermined property that has been determined to require drying may be dried to a predetermined state.
- the hot gas supply facility is preferably a cement manufacturing facility.
- exhaust gas having a heat of about 400 ° C. discharged from a preheating device such as a suspension preheater in the firing process, or about a heat discharged from a cooling device such as a clinker cooler in the cooling process.
- a preheating device such as a suspension preheater in the firing process
- a cooling device such as a clinker cooler in the cooling process.
- an exhaust gas having a heat of 300 ° C There is an exhaust gas having a heat of 300 ° C.
- the exhaust gas discharged from the firing process has a low oxygen concentration of about several percent, and can be said to be preferable as a heat source to be supplied to the coal drying process from the viewpoint of safety.
- the heat (exhaust heat) of the hot gas (exhaust gas) discharged from the firing process is already used for drying air, exhaust heat recovery power generation, etc. in the pulverization process. Therefore, the hot gas is preferably exhaust heat that is not used in the cement manufacturing facility, for example, hot gas discharged from the clinker cooler that is a cooling step (exhaust gas of the clinker cooler).
- the mixed coal is preferably performed by supplying the dry coal to a transportation means for transporting the untreated coal.
- the other gas mixed with the exhaust gas after the drying treatment is preferably air at ambient temperature.
- the exhaust gas is preferably cooled to a temperature of 75 ° C. or lower. It is preferable that the exhaust gas containing pulverized coal and a mixed gas composed of another gas further include a step of separating the pulverized coal.
- the necessity of the drying treatment is determined based on information on the total moisture and equilibrium moisture of the coal.
- the determination of whether or not the drying treatment is necessary is performed when the numerical value obtained by subtracting the equilibrium moisture from the total moisture of the coal is 8 or more, and the drying treatment is determined to be necessary. It is preferably performed by determining that the drying process is unnecessary.
- the coal to be treated is obtained by reforming coal and molding and processing it into pellets and / or briquettes. The drying treatment is preferably performed so that the total moisture of the coal after the drying treatment exceeds the equilibrium moisture.
- coal to be treated which is a drying target is preferably coal with a large amount of attached moisture. Since coal with a large amount of moisture adheres can reduce the amount of moisture reduction, it is possible to increase the merit of the drying operation, that is, the amount of increase in calorific value. Therefore, the coal to be treated is preferably low-grade coal such as subbituminous coal or lignite with a large amount of adhering moisture. On the other hand, high-grade coal such as bituminous coal has less adhesion moisture, and the merit of drying operation is small. Therefore, bituminous coal and the like are blended (blended coal) with dry coal as untreated coal.
- the method for treating coal according to the present invention is a process characterized by blending (mixing) dry coal obtained by drying treated coal and non-treated coal other than the dry coal.
- the drying merit is reduced, and the amount of drying treatment is increased. Since it enlarges, it is not preferable. For this reason, compared with the latter process, the amount of drying treatment can be reduced, and the enlargement of a dryer and incidental equipment can be avoided.
- the blend (mixed coal) ratio by the mass ratio of the dried dry coal and the untreated coal other than the dry coal is 8 to 2 to 2 to 8, preferably 8 to 2 to 3 to 7, and particularly preferably 7 It is good to set in the range of the pair 3 to 5 to 5. If the mass ratio of the dry coal in the coal after blending (mixed coal) exceeds 8, the mass of the coal after blending (mixed coal) and the mass (the same mass) will be obtained, and it is more efficient to dry after blending (mixed coal). It is not preferable. In addition, if the mass ratio of the dry coal is less than 2, it is not preferable because the amount of increase in the amount of heat generated by drying becomes small.
- the coal treatment system is a coal treatment system for drying coal and combusting it in a coal-fired power generation facility, wherein the interior is partitioned into an upper drying chamber and a lower gas chamber by a gas dispersion plate,
- the drying chamber of a paddle agitation dryer in which a horizontal paddle shaft is rotatably provided in the drying chamber, and a plurality of paddles for agitating coal are attached at intervals in the axial direction of the paddle shaft.
- the gas chamber is provided with a hot gas supply port for supplying hot gas for drying the coal
- the clinker cooler of the hot gas supply port and cement manufacturing facility It is characterized by being connected to an exhaust gas exhaust line.
- the coal processing system includes a coal accumulation relay facility, a coal-fired power generation facility, a coal drying treatment facility, and a cement production facility, and the coal accumulation relay facility has a plurality of types of different properties.
- the coal to be treated having a predetermined property of the coal is heated using the hot gas from the cement manufacturing facility. It is characterized by being configured to dry the dried coal so as to be in a predetermined state, and mix the dried coal with untreated coal other than the dried coal and send it to the coal-fired power generation facility.
- the coal treatment system includes a coal-fired power generation facility, a coal drying treatment facility, and a cement manufacturing facility, and before the coal-fired power generation facility burns and uses a plurality of types of coal having different properties.
- Introducing hot gas from the cement production facility in the coal drying treatment facility to dry the treated coal having a predetermined property of the coal so as to be in a predetermined state and occurring during drying It is also possible to cool the exhaust gas mixed with other gases.
- a coal accumulation relay facility a coal thermal power generation facility, a coal drying treatment facility, and a cement production facility are provided, and before the coal is burned and used in the coal thermal power generation facility, a plurality of types are collected from the coal accumulation relay facility.
- the coal having different properties is transported to the coal drying processing facility, the hot gas from the cement manufacturing facility is introduced in the coal drying processing facility, and the coal to be treated having a predetermined property of the coal is predetermined. While drying so that it may be in a state, the dried dry coal can also be blended (blended coal) with unprocessed coal other than this dry coal, and can be sent to the coal thermal power generation equipment.
- the coal drying processing facility is divided into an upper drying chamber and a lower gas chamber by, for example, a gas dispersion plate, and a horizontal paddle shaft is rotatably provided in the drying chamber. It is preferable that the paddle stirring dryer is provided with a plurality of paddles for stirring coal at intervals in the direction.
- the coal treatment system includes a coal-fired power generation facility, a coal drying treatment facility, and a cement manufacturing facility, and before the coal-fired power generation facility burns and uses a plurality of types of coal having different properties. Determining whether or not the coal drying treatment is necessary in the coal drying treatment facility, and introducing hot gas from the cement manufacturing facility based on the determination result of whether or not the drying treatment is necessary. The coal to be treated having a predetermined property determined to require the drying process is dried so as to be in a predetermined state.
- a system can be provided.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of an overall outline of a coal processing system that realizes the coal processing method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the coal processing system 1 includes a coal-fired power generation facility 100, a cement manufacturing facility 200 that is a hot gas supply facility, and a coal drying processing facility 300.
- the coal-fired power generation facility 100 is a facility that generates power by burning and using a plurality of types of coal having different properties, and includes a power generation process similar to that of a known coal-fired power generation facility. That is, in the coal-fired power generation facility 100, first, supplied coal is pulverized to a predetermined size in a pulverization process 102 using a vertical pulverizer and the like, and in a boiler process 103, about 1600 is obtained by a pulverized coal combustion boiler. Burns at a temperature of ° C.
- the steam turbine is driven in the power generation process 104 by the heat energy generated in the boiler process 103 to supply electric power.
- the feed water heating step 105 the feed water to the fuel combustion boiler is heated by using the extraction air from the steam turbine by the feed water heater to improve the thermal efficiency in the power generation step 104.
- the exhaust heat (exhaust) gas generated in the boiler process 103 is removed of nitrogen oxides in a denitration process 106 using a flue gas denitration apparatus or the like, and further in a heat recovery process 107 using a gas air heater or the like. Dust is collected in a dust collection step 108 using an electric dust collector or the like that collects dust floating in the exhaust heat gas after being used to warm the combustion air pressure-fed to step 103.
- the exhaust heat gas is discharged into the atmosphere as an exhaust gas after the sulfur oxide is removed in a desulfurization step 109 using a flue gas desulfurization apparatus or the like.
- power generation is performed in the coal-fired power generation facility 100 in the coal processing system 1 according to the first embodiment.
- the coal is dried by the coal drying processing facility 300 before being supplied to the pulverization step 102.
- the coal to be dried include low-grade coals such as subbituminous coal and lignite.
- the coal is dried to a predetermined moisture.
- the predetermined moisture is moisture that is as low as possible and does not fall below the equilibrium moisture of the coal.
- Equilibrium moisture here refers to moisture that is in an equilibrium state in an atmosphere (dryer outlet, storage silo, air) to which coal is exposed in the course of use. Since the heat generation can be increased by removing the moisture of the coal, it is desirable that the moisture of the dry coal be as low as possible. However, when the moisture of the dry coal discharged from the coal drying processing facility 300 is lower than the equilibrium moisture in the atmosphere, the dry coal absorbs moisture in the atmosphere.
- the moisture that does not fall below the equilibrium moisture is equal to or more than the equilibrium moisture of coal and 1.3 times or less of the equilibrium moisture, preferably equal to or more than the equilibrium moisture and not more than 1.2 times the equilibrium moisture.
- the lowest possible water content for example 15% to 19.5%
- % By weight preferably 15 to 18% by weight.
- moisture content changes with kinds of coal. Accordingly, drying conditions of the drying equipment such as the supply amount of coal, the temperature of the dry hot gas, the supply amount of the dry hot gas, and the rotational speed of the paddle are appropriately set according to the total moisture of the coal.
- the total moisture was measured according to JIS M8820 (coal and coke-lot total moisture measurement method).
- the equilibrium moisture content can be obtained by measuring dry coal according to, for example, JIS A1475 (method for measuring the equilibrium moisture content of building materials), thereby obtaining an equilibrium moisture content curve of the dry coal.
- the equilibrium moisture content of the dry coal is obtained from the equilibrium moisture content curve obtained here and the temperature and relative humidity data in each atmosphere (dryer outlet, storage silo, and air) exposed in the course of use of the dry coal. Since the obtained equilibrium moisture content is the percentage of water mass based on the total mass after drying, the equilibrium moisture content of the dry coal is obtained by converting to the percentage of water mass based on the total mass before drying by the following equation (1). Can do.
- the waste heat energy in the cement manufacturing facility 200 is used for the coal drying processing facility 300. That is, the cement manufacturing facility 200 is configured to include a manufacturing process similar to that of a known cement manufacturing facility, and in this manufacturing process, raw materials such as limestone, clay, silica, and iron raw materials are pulverized.
- the calcination step 202 is calcinated at a temperature of about 1450 ° C. using a calcination furnace using coal as a fuel to obtain a cement clinker.
- the cement clinker fired in the cooling step 203 using a clinker cooler or the like is cooled, mixed and pulverized with gypsum and other mixed materials in the finishing step 204, and finished as powdered cement.
- coal resources energy saving in the use of coal can be promoted and fuel unit consumption can be improved, and treated coal such as low-grade coal with a high recoverable reserve and low cost can be used in the same way as high-grade coal. It will be possible to extend the life of coal resources.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an example of the coal drying processing facility 300 of the coal processing system 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- parts that are the same as those already described are denoted by the same reference numerals, description thereof is omitted, and parts not particularly relevant to the present invention may not be specified.
- high-grade coal or low-grade coal is supplied from the existing coal transmission line 2 to the bifurcated damper 3, and in this bifurcated damper 3, for example, high-grade coal is distributed to the existing coal delivery line 4 side, and low grade coal is also produced.
- Treated coal such as charcoal is distributed to the existing coal transmission line 5 side.
- the sorting by the bifurcated damper 3 is performed, for example, by the control device 7 controlling the bifurcated damper 3 based on information on the total moisture of the coal measured from the moisture meter 6 installed in the existing coal feeding line 2.
- Processed coal such as low-grade coal distributed to the existing coal transmission line 5 side is input to the receiving silo 9.
- the to-be-processed coal thrown into the receiving silo 9 is extracted from the receiving silo 9 by the extraction conveyor 12 and conveyed to the screw feeder 14 via the vertical conveyor 13.
- the treated coal transported to the screw feeder 14 is fed into the dryer 20 through the rotary valve 15.
- the dryer 20 is a known paddle stirring dryer that dries the coal to be treated on the gas (air) dispersion plate 22 with a paddle 21, for example, and the coal to be treated (dry coal) that has been stirred and dried is Then, it is carried out of the dryer 20 by the discharge conveyor 17 through the rotary valve 16.
- it is preferable to dry the coal so that the temperature of the dried coal is 70 ° C. or lower.
- drying conditions of the drying equipment such as the supply amount of coal, the temperature of the drying hot gas, the supply amount of the drying hot gas, and the rotational speed of the paddle are set as appropriate. It is also preferable to monitor the temperature in the dryer.
- the exhaust from the dryer 20 is sent to the bag filter 19 by the exhaust fan 18, and after dust is removed by the bag filter 19, the exhaust is discharged from the exhaust duct 31 to the atmosphere by the bag filter fan 30.
- the dryer 20 is divided into an upper drying chamber and a lower air chamber by a gas (air) dispersion plate 22, and a number of slit-shaped openings are provided in parallel on the gas (air) dispersion plate 22.
- a paddle shaft horizontally mounted in the drying chamber is provided at a variable speed.
- a plurality of paddles 21 for stirring the coal to be treated are attached to the paddle shafts at intervals in the axial direction of the paddle shafts.
- the paddles 21 have the mounting angles in the axial direction of the paddles 21 adjacent to each other in the paddle axial direction. It is installed with the phase shifted.
- the amount of coal remaining in the drying chamber is adjusted by the paddle rotation speed, the paddle scraping area, the attachment position and shape of the discharge port, and the like.
- the bulk volume occupied by the coal staying in the drying chamber is in the range of 20 to 30% by volume (holdup rate) with respect to the columnar volume that the paddle can reach, ie, the paddle stirring volume of 100% by volume. It is preferable.
- the paddle 21 itself is attached to the paddle shaft in such a manner that the treated coal is inclined with respect to the axis of the paddle shaft so as to apply the axial stirring force to the treated coal and the inclination angle thereof is adjustable, and one end of the paddle shaft of the drying chamber is attached.
- a supply port and a discharge port for the coal to be treated are provided on the side and the other end, respectively, and a dry hot gas is introduced into the air chamber, and the dry hot gas is fed through the slit-shaped opening of the gas (air) dispersion plate 22 at high speed. Then, the coal to be treated is fluidized by being injected into the drying chamber.
- the paddle 21 is fluidized by a dry hot gas of about 100 ° C., the paddle 21 is rotated by the rotation of the paddle shaft, the coal to be treated is scraped up, and the particles are agitated well.
- the paddle 21 is attached while being inclined and is dried while being moved in the paddle axial direction.
- Dry coal carried out from the dryer 20 is input from the discharge conveyor 17 to the product silo 34 via the vertical conveyor 33.
- dust (pulverized coal) collected by the bag filter 19 is also introduced into the product silo 34 by a dust (pulverized coal) transport system 35.
- the product coal including the dry coal is supplied from the product silo 34 to the vertical conveyor 38 by the transport conveyor 37 having the quantitative supply and metering system 36, and is sent to the existing main coal feed line 39. It is mixed (mixed) with high-grade coal, sent to the pulverization process 102 of the coal-fired power generation facility 100, and used as fuel for the pulverized coal combustion boiler in the boiler process 103.
- Specific examples of the coal blending method include a method of supplying dry coal to bituminous coal transported by a belt conveyor, a method of supplying dry coal to a joint portion of a belt conveyor for transporting bituminous coal, such as a chute portion, and the like. Bituminous coal and dry coal are blended by repeatedly moving, dropping and rolling on the transported belt conveyor.
- exhaust gas including exhaust heat discharged from a clinker cooler or the like in the cooling step 203 of the cement manufacturing facility 200 described above is supplied during the drying processing of the coal to be processed in the dryer 20.
- low-grade coal is highly pyrophoric, and there is a risk that low-grade coal may ignite in the dryer due to drying. For this reason, nitrogen gas, plant air such as the atmosphere, tap water (industrial water), and the like are used as safety measures against ignition in the dryer 20.
- This exhaust gas contains thermal energy that has been discarded almost without being used even when the temperature is about 300 ° C. when discharged from a clinker cooler or the like.
- the dryer 20 of the facility 300 even when the temperature is lowered to about 80 ° C. to about 200 ° C. when it is introduced into the dryer 20, it is used for drying treatment of coal to be treated. And by the drying process by this dryer 20, the to-be-processed coal is dried so that it may become predetermined
- Example of the first embodiment Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by way of examples and comparative examples of the first embodiment.
- the dryer used for the Example and the comparative example used the paddle stirring type dryer which has the structure equivalent to the said dryer 20, and it implemented on the following conditions.
- the dryer used has a cylindrical drying chamber with an inner dimension of ⁇ 268 mm ⁇ 740 mm, and a ⁇ 140 mm treated portion is located directly above the side wall on the treated coal supply port side in the drying chamber at a position 50 mm away in the paddle axis direction.
- 140mm x 140mm treated coal on the side wall (position of angle 5 ° to 75 ° of horizontal reference) at a position 495mm away from the side wall on the treated coal supply port side in the drying chamber in the paddle axis direction
- It has a semicircular discharge port for discharging gas, and has a structure that discharges exhaust gas dust-removed by a cyclone from the exhaust gas line above the discharge port to the atmosphere.
- the gas (air) dispersion plate between the drying chamber and the air chamber is provided with 3 mm ⁇ 140 mm slit openings at 45 mm intervals, and a 75 mm ⁇ 75 mm paddle is seen in the axial direction on a paddle shaft with a shaft diameter of ⁇ 76.3.
- the paddle shaft attached to the paddle shaft at 90 mm intervals with the mounting angles of 120 ° shifted from each other is horizontally mounted in the drying chamber, and a screw feeder for supplying the coal to be processed is provided above the coal supply port to be processed. .
- analysis of exhaust gas from which dust was removed and the temperature of dry coal were measured.
- the properties of the treated coal (subbituminous coal) used in Examples and Comparative Examples are shown in Table 1 below.
- the total moisture was measured according to JIS M8820 (coal and coke-lot total moisture measurement method).
- the industrial analysis was measured according to JIS M8812 (coal and coke-industrial analysis method).
- the calorific value was measured in accordance with JIS M8814 (coal and coke-bomb calorimeter measurement method and true calorific value calculation method).
- the particle size distribution was measured in accordance with JIS M8801 (coal-test method).
- the equilibrium moisture content is the equilibrium moisture content of the treated coal obtained in accordance with the desiccator method (measurement temperature: 20 ° C to 50 ° C, relative humidity: 10% to 98%) of JIS A1475 (equilibrium moisture content measurement method for building materials). Based on the rate data, create a correlation formula to find the equilibrium moisture from the temperature and relative humidity, using the temperature and relative humidity in the atmospheric conditions (dryer outlet and air) in which the examples and comparative examples were implemented in the same formula, The equilibrium moisture content of the dry coal was determined and calculated from the determined equilibrium moisture content according to the formula (1).
- the drying heat source of the dryer is a clinker cooler exhaust gas adjusted to about 80 ° C to about 180 ° C with air, set at a flow rate of 150 Nm 3 / h, and the coal heat in the dryer
- the residence time was set to be about 180 seconds by adjusting the rotation speed of the paddle.
- the effective volume used for calculating the heat capacity coefficient is the portion corresponding to the distance from the first slit of the gas dispersion plate to the discharge port in the volume of the drying chamber in which the coal stays. It was determined using a distance from 45 mm to 495 mm in the paddle axis direction from the side wall on the treated coal supply port side.
- Example 1 As a result of conducting the test with a coal supply rate of 20.4 kg / h and a drying heat source temperature of 82 ° C., the total coal moisture was 32.5% by mass at the time of supply, but after drying it was 20.3% by mass. The heat capacity coefficient was 5612 kcal / m 3 hr ° C. Moreover, the coal temperature at this time was 19.9 degreeC. (Example 2) As a result of carrying out the test with a coal supply rate of 20.0 kg / h and a drying heat source temperature of 121 ° C., the total water content of coal was 33.1% by mass at the time of supply, but 19.0% by mass after drying.
- the heat capacity coefficient was 5236 kcal / m 3 hr ° C. Moreover, the coal temperature at this time was 25.3 degreeC. (Example 3) As a result of conducting the test with a coal supply rate of 40.1 kg / h and a drying heat source temperature of 180 ° C., the total coal moisture was 32.4% by mass at the time of supply, but 18.4% by mass after drying. The heat capacity coefficient was 5020 kcal / m 3 hr ° C. Moreover, the coal temperature at this time was 40.1 degreeC.
- the coal to be treated is changed from the total moisture (about 32.8% by mass) to a predetermined moisture, that is, the equilibrium of the coal to be treated. It has been found that it is possible to dry to below the moisture (17.6% by mass) and to the lowest possible moisture. Moreover, in the existing coal-fired power generation facility, in order to prevent the ignition of coal in the pulverized coal mill, the temperature in the mill is controlled to 70 ° C. or less. The coal temperature observed in Examples 1 to 3 was lower than the control temperature, and it was confirmed that there was no safety problem.
- the moisture of the dry coal was much lower than the equilibrium moisture, so it reabsorbed moisture after drying. Since moisture absorption after drying leads to loss of drying energy, it is not preferable as an operating condition. Moreover, since the temperature of dry coal exceeds the pulverized coal mill management temperature (70 degreeC) of coal-fired power generation equipment, it cannot be said that it is a preferable method as an operating condition also in terms of safety.
- the total water content of the coal is obtained by a drying heat source of about 80 ° C. to about 180 ° C. in a lower temperature range than the assumed temperature of about 200 ° C. to about 300 ° C. of the clinker cooler exhaust gas discharged from the cooling step 203 described above. It has been found that it is possible to reduce to a predetermined moisture.
- the thermal energy discharged from the cement manufacturing facility 200 is used in the coal-fired power generation facility 100, and the quality equivalent to that of a high-grade coal such as bituminous coal is used. It can be dried and effectively used as fuel.
- the treated coal (dry coal) after drying treatment has low possibility of ignition, is easy to handle and can be handled in the same way as high-grade coal, and exhaust heat of exhaust gas emitted from cement production Can be used as the energy for the drying treatment, so that it is possible to save energy through effective use of thermal energy in an environmentally favorable state, and to promote cost reduction of coal use.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of the overall flow of a coal processing system that realizes the coal processing method according to the second embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 4 shows an example of the overall outline of the coal processing system.
- the coal processing system 1A includes a coal-fired power generation facility 100, a cement manufacturing facility 200 that is a hot gas supply facility, a coal drying processing facility 300, the coal-fired power generation facility 100, A coal accumulation relay facility (call center) 400 that accumulates and relays coal used as fuel in the cement manufacturing facility 200 is provided.
- high-grade coal such as bituminous coal 401 collected in the coal accumulation relay facility 400 and treated coal 402 that is low-grade coal such as sub-bituminous coal and lignite coal
- bituminous coal 401 is carried by a transporting process 208 such as a belt conveyor, and the coal to be treated 402 is sent to a drying process 209 by another belt conveyor or the like.
- the coal-fired power generation facility 100 is mixed with a plurality of types of coal having different properties as described in the first embodiment.
- This is a facility for generating electricity by using a mixture of coal, and comprises a power generation process similar to that of a known coal-fired power generation facility.
- the coal-fired power generation of the processing system 1 in the first embodiment described above It has the same configuration and process as the equipment 100. Therefore, in the coal-fired power generation facility 100, first, the coal blend supplied from the coal drying processing facility 300 is pulverized to a predetermined size in the pulverization step 102 using a vertical pulverizer or the like.
- the subsequent boiler process (equivalent to the combustion process 110) 103, power generation process 104, feed water heating process 105, denitration process 106, heat recovery process 107, dust collection process 108, and desulfurization process 109 are as described above.
- the coal-fired power generation facility 100 in the coal processing system 1A according to the second embodiment generates electric power through these steps.
- the coal to be treated 402 is dried by the coal drying processing facility 300 before being supplied to the pulverization step 102.
- the coal to be treated 402 dried here include low-grade coals such as subbituminous coal and lignite. Of these, inexpensive low-grade coal containing a large amount of moisture is preferably used.
- the coal 402 to be treated is dried so as to have the above-described predetermined moisture content.
- the predetermined moisture, the equilibrium moisture, the moisture that does not fall below the equilibrium moisture, and the total moisture are as described in the first embodiment. Therefore, the description is omitted here, and the drying conditions of the drying equipment are the coal to be treated. It is set as appropriate according to the total water content and the equilibrium water content in the atmosphere. Moreover, the equilibrium water
- the coal-fired power generation facility 100 unlike the bituminous coal called so-called high-grade coal among the coals having different properties depending on the coal drying treatment facility 300, the coal-fired power generation facility 100 has a low water content and is inexpensive. Coal coal blended with high-grade coal is used as fuel after subjecting coal to be treated with specified properties, including sub-bituminous coal and lignite, which are high-grade coal, to a state as described above in advance. .
- the waste heat energy in the cement manufacturing facility 200 is transported in the coal drying processing facility 300, not in the coal thermal power generation facility 100, in the transportation / mixing process 210 including the coal drying processing (drying step 209). It is done using.
- the configuration, operation, manufacturing process, etc. of the cement manufacturing facility 200 are as described above.
- exhaust gas having a heat of about 300 ° C. is exhausted from a clinker cooler or the like, but the exhaust heat of this exhaust gas was exhausted without being used as it is. Is the current situation. Therefore, the present processing system 1A can utilize the exhaust heat of the exhaust gas for the coal drying process in the drying step 212 of the coal 402 to be processed in the coal drying processing facility 300 without almost modifying the existing facilities. It is configured.
- the bituminous coal 401 is transported as it is from the coal accumulation relay facility 400 to the coal drying treatment facility 300 through the transportation step 208, and the treated coal 402 is cooled in the drying step 209 in the cooling step of the cement manufacturing facility 200.
- the coal drying process using the heat energy of the exhaust heat at 203 is performed.
- the dried coal is mixed with bituminous coal 401 transported in the transport / mixing step 210 and then sent to the coal-fired power generation facility 100.
- Specific examples of the coal blending method include a method of supplying dry coal to bituminous coal transported by a belt conveyor, a method of supplying dry coal to a joint portion of a belt conveyor for transporting bituminous coal, such as a chute portion, and the like. Bituminous coal and dry coal are blended by repeatedly moving, dropping and rolling on the transported belt conveyor.
- energy saving in the use of coal can be promoted to improve the fuel intensity, and the coal to be treated such as low-grade coal that has a large recoverable reserve and is inexpensive. Can be used in the same way as high-grade coal, and it is possible to extend the life of coal resources.
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an example of the coal drying processing facility 300 of the coal processing system 1A according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- low-grade coal is supplied to the bifurcated damper 3 from the existing coal line 2 that continues from the coal accumulation relay facility 400, and in this bifurcated damper 3, for example, low-grade coal that is not subjected to drying treatment is supplied. While being distributed to the existing coal transmission line 4 side, the coal to be treated which is a low-grade coal to be dried is distributed to the existing coal transmission line 5 side.
- the distribution by the bifurcated damper 3 is performed by the control device 7 controlling the bifurcated damper 3 based on the information on the total moisture of the low-grade coal measured from the moisture meter 6 installed in the existing coal line 2, for example. Done.
- the low-grade coal distributed to the existing coal transmission line 4 side for example, has too much moisture or is of a quality that does not deserve processing, and is sent back to the coal accumulation relay facility 400, for other purposes. It is used for.
- the treated coal distributed to the existing coal transmission line 5 side is input to the receiving silo 9.
- the to-be-processed coal thrown into the receiving silo 9 is extracted from the receiving silo 9 by the extraction conveyor 12 and conveyed to the screw feeder 14 via the vertical conveyor 13.
- the treated coal transported to the screw feeder 14 is fed into the dryer 20 through the rotary valve 15.
- the dryer 20 is composed of, for example, the above-described known paddle agitation dryer, has the configuration and operation described in the first embodiment, and operates in the same manner.
- the coal to be treated is ejected from the air chamber through the gas (air) dispersion plate 22 into the drying chamber.
- the dry coal transported from the dryer 20 is fed into the product silo 34 from the discharge conveyor 17 through the vertical conveyor 33, and a predetermined amount is transferred from the product silo 34 to the vertical conveyor 38 by the transport conveyor 37 having the quantitative supply and metering system 36. They are supplied one by one and blended by being dropped onto the high-grade coal (bituminous coal) that has been transported on the existing main coal feeding line 39 in the transportation step 208.
- the blended blend of bituminous coal and dry coal is sent to the pulverization step 102 of the coal-fired power generation facility 100 and used as fuel for the fuel combustion boiler in the boiler step 103.
- the ratio of the blended coal by the mass ratio of the dry coal and the bituminous coal in the transport / mixing step 210 is, for example, 8 to 2 to 2 to 8, preferably 8 to 2 to 3 to 7, and particularly preferably 7 to 3 to 5.
- the dry coal is fed into the existing main coal feeding line 39 by an accurate amount (for example, 50 t / h) by the quantitative supply and metering system 36, the transfer conveyor 37 and the vertical conveyor 38. Rarely supplied.
- exhaust gas including exhaust heat discharged from a clinker cooler or the like in the cooling step 203 of the cement manufacturing facility 200 described above is supplied during the drying processing of the coal to be processed in the dryer 20. Used.
- low-grade coal is highly pyrophoric, and there is a risk that low-grade coal may ignite in the dryer due to drying. For this reason, nitrogen gas, industrial water, and the like are used as fire extinguishing equipment for ignition in the dryer 20.
- This exhaust gas is used for the drying treatment of the coal to be treated even when the temperature falls to about 80 ° C. to about 200 ° C. when introduced into the dryer 20 as described above. And by the drying process by this dryer 20, the to-be-processed coal is dried so that it may become predetermined
- Example of the second embodiment Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically by way of examples and comparative examples of the second embodiment.
- the dryer used for the Example and the comparative example used the paddle stirring type dryer which has the structure equivalent to the said dryer 20, and implemented on the conditions similar to 1st Embodiment.
- the properties of the treated coal (subbituminous coal) used in Examples and Comparative Examples are shown in Table 1 above.
- moisture content of the to-be-processed coal (subbituminous coal) used for the Example and the comparative example is shown in the said Table 2, and was computed by the said Formula (1).
- the drying heat source of the dryer, its flow rate, and the coal residence time were set to the same conditions as in the first embodiment.
- the drying air of the dryer (that is, the exhaust gas introduced into the dryer 20) was set so that the temperature was about 80 ° C. to about 180 ° C. and the air flow rate was 150 Nm 3 / h.
- Table 3 The results of Examples and Comparative Examples performed under the above conditions are shown in Table 3 above. Since the description of the example and the comparative example of the second embodiment is the same as that described in the example of the first embodiment, the description is omitted here.
- the coal to be treated is reduced from the total moisture (about 32.8% by mass) to a predetermined moisture.
- the temperature in the mill is controlled to 70 ° C. or less. The coal temperature observed in Examples 1 to 3 was lower than the control temperature, and it was confirmed that there was no safety problem.
- the moisture of the dry coal was much lower than the equilibrium moisture as in the first embodiment, so that the moisture was absorbed again after drying. Since moisture absorption after drying leads to loss of drying energy, it is not preferable as an operating condition. Moreover, since the temperature of dry coal exceeds the pulverized coal mill management temperature (70 degreeC) of a coal-fired power plant, it cannot be said that it is a preferable method as an operating condition also in terms of safety.
- the total moisture of the coal is obtained by dry air having a temperature lower than the estimated temperature of about 200 ° C. to about 300 ° C. of the clinker cooler exhaust gas discharged from the cooling step 203 described above at a temperature of about 80 ° C. to about 180 ° C. Has been found to be possible to reduce to a predetermined moisture content.
- the processing system 1A As described above, reducing the total moisture of the coal to be treated to a predetermined moisture (water exceeding the equilibrium moisture) using low level heat (for example, about 80 ° C. to about 180 ° C.) as a heat source has no safety problem.
- the heat energy discarded in the cement manufacturing facility 200 is used in the coal drying processing facility 300, and high-moisture coal (low-grade coal) is used as high It can be dried to a quality equivalent to that of high-grade coal and effectively used as fuel.
- this processing system 1A can aim at the fall of the total water
- the coal drying treatment facility 300 is dried in advance with low-grade coal, and then mixed with high-grade coal is supplied to the coal-fired power generation facility 100. Therefore, it is possible to minimize the influence on the environment of dust and the like generated from low-grade coal during transportation and to improve the utilization rate of low-grade coal.
- the coal to be treated (dried coal) dried in the optimum state in the first to third embodiments is placed on the main coal feeding line 39 of the existing non-treated coal to the coal thermal power generation facility 100.
- 30% by mass was supplied to 70% by mass of high-grade coal such as bituminous coal to be sent.
- high-grade coal such as bituminous coal to be sent.
- dust generation can be prevented as compared with the case where only low-grade coal is supplied to the coal-fired power generation facility 100.
- the combustion performance was also good.
- the coal to be treated of low-grade coal is reformed to a quality equivalent to that of high-grade coal using existing equipment. Therefore, it is possible to expand the use of low-grade coal and to make effective use of resources.
- the treated coal (dry coal) after drying treatment has low possibility of ignition, is easy to handle and can be handled in the same way as high-grade coal, and exhaust heat of exhaust gas emitted from cement production Can be used as the energy for the drying treatment, so that it is possible to save energy through effective use of thermal energy in an environmentally favorable state, and to promote cost reduction of coal use.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an example of the overall flow of the coal processing system for realizing the coal processing method according to the third embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 7 shows an example of the overall outline of the coal processing system.
- the coal processing system 1B includes a coal-fired power generation facility 100, a cement manufacturing facility 200 that is a hot gas supply facility, a coal drying processing facility 300, the coal-fired power generation facility 100, A coal accumulation relay facility (call center) 400 that accumulates and relays coal used as fuel in the cement manufacturing facility 200 is provided.
- high-grade coal such as bituminous coal 401 collected in the coal accumulation relay facility 400 passes through the transport process 208 and the transport / mixing process 210, and the coal thermal power generation facility 100 is transported.
- the coal to be treated 402 which is a low-grade coal such as subbituminous coal, is transported to the coal drying treatment facility 300 by another belt conveyor or the like.
- the hot gas from the cooling process 203 of the cement manufacturing equipment 200 is introduced, the drying treatment of the coal to be treated 402 is performed, and the pulverized coal discharged from the drying process 209 is removed.
- the contained exhaust gas is cooled by another gas.
- the dried coal dried in the drying step 209 is blended with the bituminous coal 401 in the belt on the transportation line following the transportation step 208, that is, the transportation / blending step 210, and then coal for fuel.
- the fuel in the boiler process 110 of the coal-fired power generation facility 100 is the fuel in the boiler process 110 of the coal-fired power generation facility 100.
- Examples of the coal combustion facility include the coal-fired power generation facility 100, a cement factory, an iron mill, and various factories.
- the coal to be treated that has been dried by the drying treatment facility is used as a fuel for boilers or a fuel for heating. Is done.
- the coal-fired power generation facility 100 has a plurality of different properties as described in the first and second embodiments.
- a facility that generates power by burning coal and is configured to include a power generation process similar to that of a known coal-fired power generation facility, and the coal-fired power generation facility 100 of the processing system 1, 1A in the above embodiment. It has the same configuration and process. Therefore, in the coal-fired power generation facility 100, first, coal obtained by blending (blending coal) dry coal and bituminous coal 401 of the coal to be treated 402 supplied from the coal drying treatment facility 300 is pulverized using a vertical crusher or the like.
- step 102 it is pulverized to a predetermined size.
- the subsequent boiler process (equivalent to the boiler process 110) 103, the power generation process 104, the feed water heating process 105, the denitration process 106, the heat recovery process 107, the dust collection process 108, and the desulfurization process 109 are as described above.
- the coal-fired power generation facility 100 in the coal processing system 1B according to the third embodiment generates electric power through these steps.
- the coal to be processed 402 is dried by the coal drying processing facility 300 before being supplied to the pulverization step 102, similarly to the processing system 1A.
- the coal to be treated 402 dried here include low-grade coal such as subbituminous coal. Among these, low-grade coal containing a lot of moisture is preferably used.
- the coal 402 to be treated is dried so as to have the above-described predetermined moisture content.
- the predetermined moisture is preferably as low as possible and does not fall below the equilibrium moisture in the atmosphere of the coal to be treated.
- Equilibrium moisture is moisture that is in an equilibrium state in an atmosphere of coal, and the equilibrium moisture depends on the temperature and humidity in the atmosphere.
- the treated coal 402 that has been dried is discharged from the dryer outlet of the drying step 209, stored in a product silo, blended with bituminous coal 401 by a belt conveyor, and transported to the coal-fired power generation facility 100. . Since the atmospheres of these processes, that is, the temperature and the humidity are different from each other, the dried coal to be treated absorbs and desorbs moisture (moisture varies) depending on the atmosphere of each process.
- the moisture of the dry coal be as low as possible.
- the moisture after drying of the coal to be treated does not fall below the equilibrium moisture on the belt conveyor, that is, in the atmosphere, which is the final stage of each process described above.
- the total moisture is moisture contained before or after the coal to be treated is dried.
- a coal sample for measuring total moisture is taken before being transported to the drying step 209.
- the total water content can be obtained in accordance with the above JIS M8820, and the equilibrium water content can be measured according to, for example, the above JIS A1475 using the treated coal as a sample, whereby an equilibrium moisture content curve of the dry coal can be obtained.
- the equilibrium moisture content of the dry coal is obtained from the equilibrium moisture content curve obtained here and the temperature and relative humidity data in the atmosphere exposed to the dry coal. Since the obtained equilibrium moisture content is a percentage by mass of water based on the total mass after drying, the equilibrium moisture in the atmosphere of the dry coal can be obtained by the above formula (1).
- the coal-fired power generation facility 100 unlike the bituminous coal called a so-called high-grade coal among the coals having different properties depending on the coal drying treatment facility 300, the coal-fired power generation facility 100 has a low water content and is inexpensive. Coal to be treated such as sub-bituminous coal, which is a high-grade coal, is dried in advance so as to be as low as possible without lowering the equilibrium state, that is, the equilibrium moisture. In the coal processing system 1 ⁇ / b> B according to the third embodiment, thermal energy discharged from the cement manufacturing facility 200 is used in the coal drying processing facility 300.
- the configuration, operation, manufacturing process, etc. of the cement manufacturing facility 200 are as described above.
- a hot gas having a heat of about 300 ° C. is discharged from a clinker cooler or the like, but the heat of this hot gas is discharged almost without being used as it is. is the current situation. Therefore, the present processing system 1B can utilize the heat of this hot gas for the coal drying process 209 in the drying process 209 of the coal 402 to be processed in the coal drying processing facility 300 without almost modifying the existing facilities. It is configured.
- bituminous coal 401 is transported from the coal accumulation relay facility 400 to the coal drying treatment facility 300 through the transportation step 208 as it is, and the treated coal 402 is cooled in the drying step 209 in the cooling step of the cement manufacturing facility 200.
- the coal drying process using the thermal energy of the hot gas discharged from 203 is performed.
- the exhaust gas containing the pulverized coal discharged from the drying step 209 is cooled by another gas. Then, the dried dry coal is blended (blended coal) with bituminous coal 401 transported in the transport and blending step 210 and then sent to the coal-fired power generation facility 100.
- FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an example of the coal drying processing facility 300 of the coal processing system 1B according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- low-grade coal is supplied to the bifurcated damper 3 from the existing coal delivery line 2 that continues from the coal accumulation relay facility 400, and low-grade coal that is not subjected to drying processing is installed in the bifurcated damper 3, for example. While being distributed to the coal transmission line 4 side, the coal to be treated, which is a low-grade coal to be dried, is distributed to the existing coal transmission line 5 side.
- the treated coal distributed to the existing coal transmission line 5 side is input to the receiving silo 9.
- the to-be-processed coal thrown into the receiving silo 9 is extracted from the receiving silo 9 by the extraction conveyor 12 and conveyed to the screw feeder 14 via the vertical conveyor 13.
- the treated coal transported to the screw feeder 14 is fed into the dryer 20 through the rotary valve 15.
- the dryer 20 is composed of, for example, the above-mentioned known paddle stirring dryer, and has the configuration and operation described in the first and second embodiments and operates in the same manner.
- the exhaust gas from the dryer 20 is cooled to 75 ° C. or lower by air having an atmospheric temperature as another gas introduced into the exhaust gas line, and is sent to the bag filter 19 by the exhaust fan 18. After the pulverized coal is removed by the bag filter 19, it is discharged into the atmosphere from the exhaust duct 31 by the bag filter fan 30.
- the exhaust gas line of the dryer 20 has a structure capable of introducing air at atmospheric temperature (atmosphere) as another gas different from the exhaust gas, for example, as illustrated. For this reason, the exhaust gas is mixed with the atmosphere introduced in the exhaust gas line of the dryer 20 and cooled to a temperature of about 75 ° C. or less. Therefore, since the exhaust gas discharged into the atmosphere from the exhaust duct 31 has already been cooled, it is environmentally friendly, and even if there is some pulverized coal accompanied, there is little risk of ignition etc. can do.
- a step of removing pulverized coal from a mixed gas of exhaust gas containing pulverized coal and other gas is preferable to further include a step of removing pulverized coal from a mixed gas of exhaust gas containing pulverized coal and other gas.
- the coal drying treatment facility 300 can be stably operated.
- a pulverized coal removing device such as an electrostatic precipitator or a cyclone is further installed on the front side of the exhaust port of the bag filter 19 so that the pulverized coal still remains in the exhaust gas exhausted from the bag filter 19. You may make it have a double pulverized coal removal structure in preparation for the case where it was accompanied.
- the configuration and operation of the dryer 20 are as described above, and the coal to be treated is dried while being moved in the direction of the paddle shaft by the operation of the paddle 21 attached to the paddle shaft as described above.
- the pulverized coal transport system 35 Even if it is directly put into the product silo 34, the total moisture of the mixed dry coal is not increased. For this reason, according to this processing system 1B, the process of drying again the pulverized coal removed with the bag filter 19 becomes unnecessary, and the whole energy saving can be promoted.
- the dry coal is supplied from the product silo 34 to the vertical conveyor 38 by a conveying conveyor 37 having a quantitative supply and weighing system 36, and is transported by being placed on the existing main coal feeding line 39 by the transporting process 208. It is blended by being dropped onto high-grade coal (bituminous coal). This part corresponds to the transportation / mixing process 210 described above.
- the blended (blended coal) coal is sent to the pulverization process 102 of the coal-fired power generation facility 100 and used as fuel for the fuel combustion boiler in the boiler process 103.
- the ratio of the blend of dry coal and bituminous coal (mixed coal) in this transport / mixing step 210 is, for example, 8 to 2 to 2 to 8, preferably 8 to 2 to 3 to 7, particularly preferably 7
- the dry coal is supplied in an accurate amount (for example, 50 t / h) to the existing main coal supply line 39 by the fixed amount supply and metering system 36, the transfer conveyor 37 and the vertical conveyor 38 so that the ratio is set to about 3 to 5 to 5. Supplied on top.
- the coal blending method is not limited to the above, and examples include a method of supplying dry coal to a joint portion of a belt conveyor that transports bituminous coal, such as a chute portion. Bituminous coal and dry coal are blended by repeatedly moving, dropping and rolling on the transported belt conveyor.
- the coal drying treatment facility 300 when the coal to be treated in the dryer 20 is dried, the hot gas discharged from the clinker cooler or the like in the cooling step 203 of the cement manufacturing facility 200 described above is supplied and used.
- low-grade coal is highly pyrophoric, and low-grade coal may ignite in the dryer due to drying. For this reason, it is preferable to install an apparatus for supplying nitrogen gas and / or industrial water as fire extinguishing equipment for the ignition in the dryer 20.
- This hot gas is used for the drying treatment of coal to be treated even when the temperature is lowered to about 80 ° C. to about 180 ° C. when introduced into the dryer 20 as described above. And by the drying process by this dryer 20, the to-be-processed coal is dried so that it may become predetermined
- Example of the third embodiment Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically by way of examples and comparative examples of the third embodiment.
- the dryer used for the Example and the comparative example used the paddle stirring type dryer which has the structure equivalent to the said dryer 20, and it implemented on the conditions similar to 1st and 2nd embodiment.
- the dryer used in this example has a cylindrical drying chamber with an inner dimension of ⁇ 268 mm ⁇ 740 mm, and is directly above the position 50 mm away from the side wall on the treated coal supply port side in the drying chamber in the paddle axis direction.
- Has a 140 mm treated coal supply port and is 140 mm ⁇ on the side wall (at a horizontal reference angle of 5 ° to 75 °) located 495 mm away from the side wall on the treated coal supply port side in the drying chamber in the paddle axis direction.
- It has a semicircular discharge port for discharging 140 mm of coal to be treated, and has a structure that can introduce air (atmosphere) of atmospheric temperature into the exhaust gas line above the discharge port. After cooling to a temperature, the exhaust gas removed by the cyclone is released to the atmosphere.
- the air distribution plate between the drying chamber and the air chamber is provided with slit openings of 3 mm ⁇ 140 mm at intervals of 45 mm, and a paddle shaft having a shaft diameter of ⁇ 76.3 mm has a mounting angle of 75 mm ⁇ 75 mm as viewed in the axial direction.
- the paddle shafts attached to the paddle shafts at intervals of 90 mm while being shifted from each other by 120 ° are horizontally mounted in the drying chamber, and a screw feeder for supplying the coal to be processed is provided above the coal supply port to be processed.
- the temperature of the dry coal and the exhaust gas temperature above the discharge port were measured.
- the properties of the treated coal (subbituminous coal) used in the examples and comparative examples are shown in Table 1 above. Moreover, 17.6 mass% as shown in the said Table 2 used the equilibrium water
- Equilibrium moisture is calculated from temperature and relative humidity based on the equilibrium moisture content data of the treated coal obtained in accordance with the above desiccator method (measurement temperature: 20 ° C to 50 ° C, relative humidity: 10% to 98%). Create a correlation equation to find the equilibrium moisture, use the temperature and relative humidity in the conditions (atmosphere) under which the examples and comparative examples were implemented in the same equation to determine the equilibrium moisture content of the dry coal. It was calculated by equation (1).
- the drying capacity of the dryer was set so that the coal supply amount was about 20 kg / h to about 40 kg / h by adjusting the rotation speed of the screw feeder as a coal feeder.
- the drying heat source of the dryer, the flow rate thereof, and the coal residence time were set to satisfy the same conditions as those in the first and second embodiments.
- the effective volume used for calculating the heat capacity coefficient is the portion corresponding to the distance from the first slit of the gas dispersion plate to the discharge port in the volume of the drying chamber in which the coal stays. It was determined using a distance from 45 mm to 495 mm in the paddle axis direction from the side wall on the treated coal supply port side.
- Example 1 As a result of carrying out the test with a coal supply rate of 20.4 kg / h and a drying heat source temperature of 82 ° C., the total water content of the coal was 32.5% by mass at the time of supply, whereas after drying, it was 20.3% by mass. Thus, the heat capacity coefficient was 5612 kcal / m 3 hr ° C. Moreover, the coal temperature at this time was 19.9 degreeC. The exhaust gas temperature at the top of the outlet was 55.4 ° C.
- Example 2 As a result of conducting the test with a coal supply rate of 20.0 kg / h and a drying heat source temperature of 121 ° C., the total moisture of the coal was 33.1% by mass at the time of supply, whereas 19.0% by mass after drying. Thus, the heat capacity coefficient was 5236 kcal / m 3 hr ° C. Moreover, the coal temperature at this time was 25.3 degreeC. The exhaust gas temperature at the top of the outlet was 75.1 ° C. Therefore, the exhaust gas was cooled to 75 ° C. or less by supplying air to the exhaust gas.
- Example 3 As a result of conducting the test with a coal supply amount of 40.1 kg / h and a drying heat source temperature of 180 ° C., the total moisture of the coal was 32.4% by mass at the time of supply, whereas 18.4% by mass after drying. Thus, the heat capacity coefficient was 5020 kcal / m 3 hr ° C. Moreover, the coal temperature at this time was 40.1 degreeC. The exhaust gas temperature at the top of the outlet was 82.0 ° C. Therefore, the exhaust gas was cooled to 75 ° C. or less by supplying air to the exhaust gas.
- the coal to be treated is reduced from the total moisture (about 32.8% by mass) to a predetermined moisture.
- the temperature in the mill is 75 ° C. or lower, preferably 70 ° C. or lower, Preferably, it is controlled to 50 ° C. or lower.
- the coal temperature observed in Examples 1 to 3 was lower than the control temperature, and it was confirmed that there was no safety problem.
- the moisture of the dry coal was much lower than the equilibrium moisture as in the first and second embodiments, so that the moisture was absorbed again after drying. Since moisture absorption after drying leads to loss of drying energy, it is not preferable as an operating condition. Moreover, since the temperature of dry coal exceeds the maximum value (75 degreeC) of the pulverized coal mill management temperature of a coal-fired power plant, it cannot be said that it is a preferable method as an operating condition also in terms of safety.
- the heat energy discarded in the cement manufacturing facility 200 is used in the coal drying processing facility 300, and high-moisture coal (low-grade coal) is used as bituminous coal. It can be dried to the same quality as high-grade coal and can be used effectively as fuel.
- the exhaust gas from the dryer 20 is also cooled to a temperature of 75 ° C. or lower and then exhausted, the total moisture of the dry coal is dried to the lowest possible moisture without falling below the predetermined moisture, that is, the equilibrium moisture.
- the possibility of ignition of pulverized coal in the exhaust gas is reduced to enable safe exhaust. As a result, it is possible to dry the coal to be treated in an optimum state in terms of both improvement in drying energy efficiency and safety.
- the exhaust gas generated during drying in the drying process in the dryer 20 is mixed with the air to cool the exhaust gas to a temperature of 75 ° C. or lower, so that warming due to the exhaust gas discharged during drying
- the coal-fired power generation facility 100 can be stably operated and the coal drying treatment facility 300 can be stably operated by preventing the influence on the environment and the ignition of pulverized coal accompanying the high-temperature exhaust gas. Therefore, low-grade coal can be used safely and reliably.
- the coal to be treated is dried in the coal drying treatment facility 300 in a low-cost and efficient manner in an environmentally good state.
- the exhaust gas discharged during drying prevents environmental influences and ignition, and the coal-fired power generation facility 100 can be operated stably. can do.
- coal to be treated dry coal
- the drying treatment since the coal to be treated (dry coal) after the drying treatment has a very low possibility of being ignited, it is easy to handle and can be handled in the same manner as high-grade coal, and is discharged at the cement manufacturing facility 200. Since the heat of the hot gas can be used as the energy for the drying process, it is possible to save energy by effectively using the thermal energy in an environmentally favorable state, and to promote the cost reduction of the use of coal.
- the present processing system 1B can reduce the total water content of the coal used in the coal-fired power generation facility, it is possible to improve the thermal efficiency when the coal-fired power generation facility 100 burns.
- the coal drying treatment facility 300 is previously dried with low-grade coal and then blended with high-grade coal (mixed coal) is supplied to the coal-fired power generation facility 100. Therefore, it is possible to minimize the influence on the environment of dust and the like generated from low-grade coal during transportation and to improve the utilization rate of low-grade coal.
- low-grade coal is efficiently dried by being dried at low cost and in an environmentally good state.
- the coal to be treated of low-grade coal is used after being reformed to a quality equivalent to that of high-grade coal using existing equipment. Therefore, it is possible to expand the use of low-grade coal and enable effective use of resources.
- FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing an example of the overall flow of a coal processing system for realizing the coal processing method according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 10 shows an example of the overall outline of the coal processing system.
- the coal processing system 1 ⁇ / b> C basically has the same configuration as the processing system 1 ⁇ / b> B in the third embodiment, and includes a coal-fired power generation facility 100, a cement manufacturing facility 200, and the like.
- the coal drying processing facility 300 and the coal accumulation relay facility (call center) 400 are provided.
- high-grade coal such as bituminous coal 401 collected in the coal accumulation relay facility 400 passes through the transport process 208 and the transport / mixing process 210, and the coal-fired power generation facility 100 is transported.
- the coal to be treated 402 which is a low-grade coal such as subbituminous coal, is transported to the coal drying treatment facility 300 by another belt conveyor or the like.
- step 209 the hot gas from the cooling step 203 of the cement manufacturing facility 200 is introduced to dry the coal to be treated 402, and the exhaust gas containing pulverized coal discharged from the drying step 209 is other Cooled by gas.
- the dried coal dried in the drying step 209 is blended with the bituminous coal 401 in the belt on the transportation line following the transportation step 208, that is, the transportation / blending step 210, and then coal for fuel.
- the fuel in the boiler process 110 of the coal-fired power generation facility 100 is determined.
- the coal blending method include a method of supplying dry coal to bituminous coal transported by a belt conveyor, a method of supplying dry coal to a joint portion of a belt conveyor for transporting bituminous coal, such as a chute portion, and the like.
- Bituminous coal and dry coal are blended by repeatedly moving, dropping and rolling on the transported belt conveyor.
- Examples of coal combustion facilities include the coal-fired power generation facility 100, cement factories, steel mills, and various factories.
- the treated coal dried by the coal drying treatment facility 300 is used as boiler fuel or heating fuel. Is done.
- the coal-fired power generation facility 100 has a plurality of different properties as described in the first to third embodiments.
- the structure and process are provided.
- the pulverization process 102, the boiler process (equivalent to the boiler process 110) 103, the power generation process 104, the feed water heating process 105, the denitration process 106, the heat recovery process 107, the dust collection process 108, and the desulfurization of the coal-fired power generation facility 100 Step 109 is as described above, and power is generated in the coal-fired power generation facility 100 in the coal processing system 1C according to the fourth embodiment by these steps.
- the coal to be processed out of various types of coal is dried by the coal drying processing facility 300 before being supplied to the pulverization step 102, similarly to the processing system 1B.
- the coal to be dried here include low-grade coals such as subbituminous coal and lignite. Of these, inexpensive low-grade coal containing a large amount of moisture is preferably used.
- the coal to be treated is dried so as to have the predetermined moisture content described above.
- the predetermined moisture, equilibrium moisture, moisture not lower than the equilibrium moisture, total moisture, etc. are as described in the third embodiment, so the explanation is omitted here, and the drying conditions of the drying equipment are the coal to be treated. It is set as appropriate according to the total water content and the equilibrium water content in the atmosphere. Moreover, the equilibrium water
- the coal sample for measuring the total moisture is collected in the determination step 209P before being transported to the drying step 209.
- the coal drying processing facility 300 determines whether or not the drying process is necessary in the determination step 209P, so-called high-grade coal.
- high-grade coal Unlike bituminous coal called, sub-bituminous coal, which is a low-grade coal that contains a lot of moisture and is inexpensive, can be treated as described above, that is, less than the equilibrium moisture when it is determined that drying treatment is required. It is dried in advance so that the moisture content is as low as possible.
- thermal energy discharged from the cement manufacturing facility 200 is used in the coal drying processing facility 300.
- the configuration, operation, manufacturing process, etc. of the cement manufacturing facility 200 are as described above.
- a hot gas having a heat of about 300 ° C. is discharged from a clinker cooler or the like, but the heat of this hot gas is discharged almost without being used as it is. is the current situation. Therefore, the present processing system 1C can utilize the heat of this hot gas for the coal drying process 209 in the drying process 209 of the coal 402 to be processed in the coal drying processing facility 300 without almost modifying existing facilities. It is configured.
- bituminous coal 401 is transported from the coal accumulation relay facility 400 to the coal drying processing facility 300 through the transporting process 208 as it is, and it is determined that a drying process is required in the determination process 209P of the coal 402 to be processed.
- the treated coal 402 is subjected to a coal drying process using the thermal energy of the hot gas discharged from the cooling process 203 of the cement manufacturing facility 200 in the drying process 209.
- the exhaust gas containing the pulverized coal discharged from the drying step 209 is cooled by another gas. Then, the dried dry coal is blended (blended coal) with bituminous coal 401 transported in the transport and blending step 210 and then sent to the coal-fired power generation facility 100.
- coal drying processing facility 300 that realizes the transport / mixing process 210 including the drying process of the treated coal 402 in the determination process 209P and the drying process 209 described above will be described with reference to FIG.
- coal is supplied to the bifurcated damper 3 from the existing coal delivery line 2 that continues from the coal accumulation relay facility 400, and untreated coal that is not worthy of drying processing is supplied to the existing bifurcated damper 3 While being distributed to the coal line 4 side, the coal to be treated to be dried is distributed to the existing coal transmission line 5 side.
- the treated coal distributed to the existing coal transmission line 5 side is input to the receiving silo 9.
- the to-be-processed coal thrown into the receiving silo 9 is extracted from the receiving silo 9 by the extraction conveyor 12 and conveyed to the screw feeder 14 via the vertical conveyor 13.
- the treated coal transported to the screw feeder 14 is fed into the dryer 20 through the rotary valve 15.
- coal to be treated which is a drying target is preferably coal with a large amount of attached moisture. Since coal with a large amount of attached moisture can increase the amount of moisture reduction, the merit due to the drying operation, that is, the amount of increase in calorific value is increased. On the other hand, since coal with little moisture adheres has a small merit by the drying operation, it is determined that it is not worthy of drying treatment, and is blended (blended coal) with dry coal as untreated coal.
- the moisture adhering to the coal is defined as a value obtained by subtracting the equilibrium moisture from the total moisture in the above-described determination step 209P, and the necessity of the drying process is determined based on the value obtained by subtracting the equilibrium moisture from the total moisture of the coal. It is characterized by being decided. Since the total moisture varies depending on the weather and season, it is measured every time the coal is used (every time it is determined whether or not to dry). The equilibrium moisture is an eigenvalue for each coal type (coal brand). Therefore, it is not necessary to measure each time the coal is used.
- Equilibrium moisture in the external environment can be obtained from an estimation formula specific to the coal type obtained based on equilibrium moisture data measured for each coal type in advance.
- “Equilibrium moisture” is known information for each type of coal (measurement time may take several days or more in some cases), and “total moisture” is measured each time (influences on coal storage conditions and weather conditions such as rainfall) Therefore, the above numerical value is calculated and discriminated.
- total moisture is measured in accordance with JIS, it takes several hours or more of measurement time. In some cases, a simple measurement method (such as omitting pretreatment such as grinding) is used. It is also possible to do.
- Equilibrium moisture is a specific value determined by the coal type. Varies with ambient temperature and humidity. Experimentally, it can be calculated as a function of temperature and humidity for each coal type. Therefore, if the type of coal to be used is determined, it can be calculated based on the atmospheric conditions (temperature / humidity) at that time (or assuming the time when the coal is used). Whether or not the drying process is necessary is determined based on whether or not the value obtained by subtracting the “equilibrium water content” obtained above from the “total water content” measured each time is within a suitable range.
- the determination of the necessity of the drying process in the determination step 209P may be performed based on information on the total moisture and equilibrium moisture of coal.
- Table 4 shows the total moisture, equilibrium moisture, and the value obtained by subtracting the equilibrium moisture content from the total moisture content for two types of coal of different grades.
- the total moisture was measured according to JIS M8820 (coal and coke-lot total moisture measurement method).
- the equilibrium moisture is a numerical value calculated under the conditions (average atmospheric temperature and average relative humidity) of a temperature of 30 ° C. and a relative humidity of 75%, respectively, according to the above-described formula (1) created for each coal type.
- Total moisture varies with coal storage conditions, and equilibrium moisture varies with atmospheric temperature and relative humidity. Therefore, the numerical value obtained by subtracting the equilibrium moisture from the total moisture varies depending on the coal storage situation, the atmospheric temperature and the relative humidity.
- the difference between the equilibrium moisture and the total moisture is defined as adhering moisture, and coal with a large amount of adhering moisture (coal with a large amount of moisture reduction per drying energy) is determined as a coal that needs to be dried.
- the determination step 209P whether or not the drying treatment is necessary is determined as a coal to be treated that requires drying treatment when the value obtained by subtracting the equilibrium moisture from the total moisture of the coal is 8 or more. In some cases, it is preferable that the determination is made as untreated coal that does not require a drying process.
- low-grade coal which has a high total water content, has a numerical value exceeding 8 and is often determined to be treated coal that needs to be dried.
- the value obtained by subtracting the equilibrium moisture from the total moisture may decrease due to coal storage conditions and atmospheric temperature and relative humidity fluctuations, and this value may be less than 8. In this case, Determined.
- the value obtained by subtracting the equilibrium moisture from the total moisture increases due to the coal storage situation and fluctuations in atmospheric temperature and relative humidity. If it exceeds, it is determined to be treated coal.
- the total water content of the coal required for the determination of distribution is measured in advance by an analysis method such as JIS M8820 (Coal and coke-lot total water content measurement method) or other water content measurement. Perform by device.
- Other moisture measuring devices include a halogen moisture meter and an infrared moisture meter.
- the drying temperature at the time of moisture measurement is preferably 107 ° C. or lower in order to prevent coal alteration.
- a moisture measuring device is installed in the existing coal feeding line 2, and a control device for controlling the bifurcated damper 3 with information on the total moisture of coal from the moisture measuring device and equilibrium moisture is installed, It is also possible to determine whether or not the drying process is necessary by the control device, and to control the bifurcated damper 3 based on the determination result.
- the value obtained by subtracting the equilibrium moisture from the total moisture of the coal is 8 or more, it is distributed to the existing coal transmission line 5 side as being necessary for the drying process, and this value is less than 8 When it is determined, it is distributed to the existing coal transmission line 4 side because the drying process is unnecessary. Note that the coal distributed to the existing coal transmission line 4 side is, for example, sent back to the coal accumulation relay facility and stored again, or used for other purposes.
- the drying process is preferably performed so that the total moisture of the coal after the drying process exceeds the equilibrium moisture. As a result, once dried coal absorbs moisture before use, it is possible to prevent the total moisture of the coal from rising, and avoid waste of drying energy.
- the coal to be treated which is distributed to the existing coal transmission line 5 side and needs to be dried, is put into the receiving silo 9.
- the coal to be treated that has been input to the receiving silo 9 is extracted from the receiving silo 9 by the extraction conveyor 12 and conveyed to the screw feeder 14 via the vertical conveyor 13.
- the treated coal transported to the screw feeder 14 is fed into the dryer 20 through the rotary valve 15.
- the dryer 20 is composed of, for example, the above-described known paddle stirring dryer, and has the same configuration and operation as those described in the first to third embodiments and operates in the same manner. Then, the coal to be treated that has been agitated and dried is carried out of the dryer 20 by the discharge conveyor 17 through the rotary valve 16. The exhaust gas from the dryer 20 is sent to the bag filter 19 by the exhaust fan 18, and after dust (fine powder etc.) is removed by the bag filter 19, the bag filter fan 30 passes the exhaust gas from the exhaust duct 31 to the atmosphere. To be discharged.
- the dryer 20 As described in the third embodiment, it is preferable to dry the coal so that the temperature of the dried coal is 75 ° C or lower. Thereby, the possibility that dry coal will ignite can be suppressed effectively.
- it is preferable to appropriately set drying conditions of the drying equipment such as the supply amount of coal, the temperature of the drying heat gas, the supply amount of the drying heat gas, and the rotational speed of the paddle, and monitor the temperature in the dryer.
- the exhaust gas of the dryer 20 is mixed with the atmosphere introduced through the exhaust gas line of the dryer 20 and cooled to a temperature of about 75 ° C. or lower. Therefore, since the exhaust gas discharged into the atmosphere from the exhaust duct 31 has already been cooled, it is environmentally friendly, and even if there is some pulverized coal accompanied, there is little risk of ignition etc. can do.
- a step of removing pulverized coal from a mixed gas of exhaust gas containing pulverized coal and other gas is preferable to further include a step of removing pulverized coal from a mixed gas of exhaust gas containing pulverized coal and other gas.
- the coal drying treatment facility 300 can be stably operated.
- a pulverized coal removing device such as an electrostatic precipitator or a cyclone is further installed on the front side of the exhaust port of the bag filter 19 so that the pulverized coal still remains in the exhaust gas exhausted from the bag filter 19. You may make it have a double pulverized coal removal structure in preparation for the case where it was accompanied.
- the configuration and operation of the dryer 20 are as described above, and the coal to be treated is dried while being moved in the paddle axis direction as described above. And the dry coal carried out from the dryer 20 is thrown into the product silo 34 through the vertical conveyor 33 from the discharge conveyor 17. Note that the pulverized coal collected by the bag filter 19 is also fed into the product silo 34 by the pulverized coal transport system 35.
- the pulverized coal transport system 35 If directly put into the product silo 34, the total moisture of the mixed dry coal will not be increased. For this reason, according to this processing system 1C, the process of drying the pulverized coal removed with the bag filter 19 again becomes unnecessary, and the whole energy saving can be promoted.
- the dry coal is supplied from the product silo 34 to the vertical conveyor 38 by a conveying conveyor 37 having a quantitative supply and weighing system 36, and is transported by being placed on the existing main coal feeding line 39 by the transporting process 208. It is blended by being dropped onto high-grade coal (bituminous coal). This part corresponds to the transportation / mixing process 210 described above.
- the blended (blended coal) coal is sent to the pulverization process 102 of the coal-fired power generation facility 100 and used as fuel for the fuel combustion boiler in the boiler process 103.
- the ratio of the blend of dry coal and bituminous coal (mixed coal) in this transportation / mixing step 210 is, for example, 8 to 2 to 2 to 8, preferably 8 to 2 to 3 to 7, particularly preferably 7 to 3 to 5.
- the dry coal is fed into the existing main coal feeding line 39 by an accurate amount (for example, 50 t / h) by the quantitative supply and metering system 36, the transport conveyor 37 and the vertical conveyor 38. Rarely supplied.
- the coal drying treatment facility 300 when the coal to be treated in the dryer 20 is dried, the hot gas discharged from the clinker cooler or the like in the cooling step 203 of the cement manufacturing facility 200 described above is supplied and used.
- low-grade coal is highly pyrophoric, and low-grade coal may ignite in the dryer due to drying. For this reason, it is preferable to install an apparatus for supplying nitrogen gas and / or industrial water as fire extinguishing equipment for the ignition in the dryer 20.
- This hot gas is used for the drying treatment of coal to be treated even when the temperature is lowered to about 80 ° C. to about 180 ° C. when introduced into the dryer 20 as described above. And by the drying process by this dryer 20, the to-be-processed coal is dried so that it may become predetermined
- Example of the fourth embodiment Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically by way of examples and comparative examples of the fourth embodiment.
- the dryer used for the Example and the comparative example used the paddle stirring type dryer which has the structure equivalent to the said dryer 20, and implemented on the conditions similar to 3rd Embodiment.
- the dryer used in this example is the same as that used in the example of the third embodiment.
- the properties of the treated coal (subbituminous coal) used in Examples and Comparative Examples are shown in Table 1.
- the method for measuring the total moisture and the like is also as described above.
- moisture content was computed by the said Formula (1).
- the to-be-processed coal (subbituminous coal) used for the Example and the comparative example has a total moisture of 32.8% by mass and an equilibrium moisture of 17.6% by mass, and the numerical value obtained by subtracting the equilibrium moisture from the total moisture is Since it exceeds 8, it is coal worthy of drying (coal to be treated).
- the coal to be treated is reduced from the total moisture (about 32.8% by mass) to a predetermined moisture.
- the temperature in the mill is 75 ° C. or lower, preferably 70 ° C. or lower, Preferably, it is controlled to 50 ° C. or lower.
- the coal temperature observed in Examples 1 to 3 was lower than the control temperature, and it was confirmed that there was no safety problem.
- the moisture of the dry coal was much lower than the equilibrium moisture, and thus resorbed moisture after drying. Since moisture absorption after drying leads to loss of drying energy, it is not preferable as an operating condition. Moreover, since the temperature of dry coal exceeds the maximum value (75 degreeC) of the pulverized coal mill management temperature of a coal-fired power plant, it cannot be said that it is a preferable method as an operating condition also in terms of safety.
- the heat energy discarded in the cement manufacturing facility 200 is used in the coal drying processing facility 300 to convert high moisture coal (low-grade coal) to bituminous coal. It can be dried to the same quality as high-grade coal and can be used effectively as fuel. Other functions and effects are the same as those of the third embodiment.
- low-grade coal can be effectively dried and dried at low cost and in good condition in terms of the environment.
- the treated coal of low-grade coal is used after being reformed to a quality equivalent to high-grade coal using existing equipment. Therefore, it is possible to expand the use of low-grade coal and enable effective use of resources.
- the coal to be treated to be dried is preferably low-grade coal such as subbituminous coal or lignite with a large amount of adhering moisture, but is not limited thereto.
- coal such as low-grade coal is reformed (reducing moisture) by appropriately combining various operations such as heating, pressurization, drying, and dehydration. What was formed into pellets and / or briquettes can be used.
- the reformed and pelletized or / and briquetted coal is stored outdoors before being used in a coal-fired power plant.
- Pellet-like and / or briquette-like coal whose water content has increased again due to rainwater or the like during storage can be dried as needed and used in a coal-fired power generation facility.
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Abstract
Description
また、本発明は、低品位炭と高品位炭とが混炭された石炭の全水分の低下を図ることができるので、石炭利用設備にて燃焼する際の熱効率の向上を図ることができるとともに、輸送の際に低品位炭から発生する粉塵などの環境に与える影響を極力少なくして、低品位炭の利用率の向上を図ることができるようにする石炭の処理方法及び処理システムを提供することを目的とする。
また、本発明は、石炭火力発電設備に持ち込まれる混炭された石炭の品質の安定化及び全水分の低下を図り、燃焼効率の向上を実現して熱効率の向上を図ることができるとともに、石炭火力発電設備の操業条件を安定化させつつ乾燥に要する熱量を低下して、石炭利用設備を低コストで運用することができるようにする石炭の処理方法及び処理システムを提供することを目的とする。
また、本発明によれば、低品位炭と高品位炭とがブレンド(混炭)された石炭の全水分の低下を図ることができるので、石炭火力発電設備にて燃焼する際の熱効率の向上を図ることができるとともに、輸送の際に低品位炭から発生する粉塵などの環境に与える影響を極力少なくして、低品位炭の利用率の向上を図ることができる。
さらに、乾燥の際に排出される排気ガスによる環境への影響や発火の可能性を防止して、石炭火力発電設備を安定的に操業することができる。
また、本発明によれば、石炭火力発電設備に持ち込まれる混炭された石炭の品質の安定化及び全水分の低下を図り、燃焼効率の向上を実現して熱効率の向上を図ることができるとともに、石炭火力発電設備の操業条件を安定化させつつ乾燥に要する熱量を低下して、石炭火力発電設備を低コストで運用することができる。
図1は、本発明の第1の実施形態に係る石炭の処理方法を実現する石炭の処理システムの全体概要の一例を示すブロック図である。図1に示すように、石炭の処理システム1は、石炭火力発電設備100と、熱ガス供給設備であるセメント製造設備200と、石炭乾燥処理設備300とを備える。
石炭の水分を除けば除くほど高発熱量化が図れるため、乾燥石炭の水分は可能な限り低いことが望ましい。しかし、石炭乾燥処理設備300から排出される乾燥石炭の水分が大気中での平衡水分を下回ると、乾燥石炭は大気中の水分を吸湿してしまう。
乾燥機20からの排気は、排風機18によってバグフィルター19に送られ、このバグフィルター19にてダストが除去された後に、バグフィルターファン30によって排気ダクト31から大気中に排出される。
また、低品位炭は自然発火性が高く、乾燥によって乾燥機内で低品位炭が発火する危険性がある。このため、乾燥機20における発火に対する安全対策として、窒素ガス、大気等のプラント空気及び水道水(工業用水)等が利用される。
以下、第1の実施形態の実施例および比較例により本発明を具体的に説明する。
実施例および比較例に用いた乾燥機は前記乾燥機20と同等の構成を有するパドル攪拌式の乾燥機を用い、次のような条件下にて実施した。
なお、乾燥機の安全性を評価するため、除塵した排ガスの分析および乾燥石炭の温度を測定した。
(実施例1)
石炭供給量が20.4kg/h、乾燥熱源温度82℃にして試験を実施した結果、石炭全水分は、供給時32.5質量%であったのに対し乾燥後は20.3質量%となり、熱容量係数は、5612kcal/m3hr℃となった。また、このときの石炭温度は、19.9℃であった。
(実施例2)
石炭供給量が20.0kg/h、乾燥熱源温度121℃にして試験を実施した結果、石炭全水分は、供給時33.1質量%であったのに対し乾燥後は19.0質量%となり、熱容量係数は、5236kcal/m3hr℃となった。また、このときの石炭温度は、25.3℃であった。
(実施例3)
石炭供給量が40.1kg/h、乾燥熱源温度180℃にして試験を実施した結果、石炭全水分は、供給時32.4質量%であったのに対し乾燥後は18.4質量%となり、熱容量係数は、5020kcal/m3hr℃となった。また、このときの石炭温度は、40.1℃であった。
(比較例)
石炭供給量が20.3kg/h、乾燥熱源温度180℃にして試験を実施した結果、石炭全水分は、供給時32.9質量%であったのに対し乾燥後は12.1質量%となり、熱容量係数は、2747kcal/m3hr℃となった。また、このときの石炭温度は、79.0℃であった。
図3は、本発明の第2の実施形態に係る石炭の処理方法を実現する石炭の処理システムの全体の流れの一例を示すブロック図、図4は同石炭の処理システムの全体概要の一例を示すブロック図である。図3及び図4に示すように、石炭の処理システム1Aは、石炭火力発電設備100と、熱ガス供給設備であるセメント製造設備200と、石炭乾燥処理設備300と、これら石炭火力発電設備100やセメント製造設備200にて燃料として用いる石炭を集積し中継する石炭集積中継設備(コールセンター)400とを備える。
既設送炭ライン4側に振り分けられる低品位炭は、例えば全水分があまりにも多すぎたり、処理に値しない品質のものであったりして、石炭集積中継設備400へ送り返されたり、他の用途に用いられたりする。
また、低品位炭は自然発火性が高く、乾燥によって乾燥機内で低品位炭が発火する危険性がある。このため、乾燥機20における発火に対する消火用設備として、窒素ガス、及び工業用水等が利用される。
この排ガスは、上述したように乾燥機20内に導入された時点で約80℃~約200℃程度の温度に下がっていても被処理石炭の乾燥処理に利用される。そして、この乾燥機20による乾燥処理によって、被処理石炭は所定の水分となるように乾燥される。
以下、第2の実施形態の実施例および比較例により本発明を具体的に説明する。
実施例および比較例に用いた乾燥機は前記乾燥機20と同等の構成を有するパドル攪拌式の乾燥機を用い、第1の実施形態と同様の条件下にて実施した。
なお、実施例と比較例に用いた被処理石炭(亜瀝青炭)の性状は上記表1に示すものである。また、実施例と比較例に用いた被処理石炭(亜瀝青炭)の平衡水分は上記表2に示すものであり、上記式(1)によって算出した。
図6は、本発明の第3の実施形態に係る石炭の処理方法を実現する石炭の処理システムの全体の流れの一例を示すブロック図、図7は同石炭の処理システムの全体概要の一例を示すブロック図である。図6及び図7に示すように、石炭の処理システム1Bは、石炭火力発電設備100と、熱ガス供給設備であるセメント製造設備200と、石炭乾燥処理設備300と、これら石炭火力発電設備100やセメント製造設備200にて燃料として用いる石炭を集積し中継する石炭集積中継設備(コールセンター)400とを備える。
また、低品位炭は自然発火性が高く、乾燥によって乾燥機内で低品位炭が発火する可能性がある。このため、乾燥機20における発火に対する消火用設備として、窒素ガス及びまたは工業用水等を供給するための装置を設置することが好ましい。
以下、第3の実施形態の実施例および比較例により本発明を具体的に説明する。
実施例および比較例に用いた乾燥機は前記乾燥機20と同等の構成を有するパドル攪拌式の乾燥機を用い、第1及び第2の実施形態と同様の条件下にて実施した。
(実施例1)
石炭供給量が20.4kg/h、乾燥熱源温度82℃にして試験を実施した結果、石炭の全水分は、供給時32.5質量%であったのに対し乾燥後は20.3質量%となり、熱容量係数は、5612kcal/m3hr℃となった。また、このときの石炭温度は、19.9℃であった。排出口上部の排気ガス温度は55.4℃であった。
(実施例2)
石炭供給量が20.0kg/h、乾燥熱源温度121℃にして試験を実施した結果、石炭の全水分は、供給時33.1質量%であったのに対し乾燥後は19.0質量%となり、熱容量係数は、5236kcal/m3hr℃となった。また、このときの石炭温度は、25.3℃であった。排出口上部の排気ガス温度は75.1℃であった。従って、排気ガスに空気を供給して排気ガス温度は75℃以下に冷却した。
(実施例3)
石炭供給量が40.1kg/h、乾燥熱源温度180℃にして試験を実施した結果、石炭の全水分は、供給時32.4質量%であったのに対し乾燥後は18.4質量%となり、熱容量係数は、5020kcal/m3hr℃となった。また、このときの石炭温度は、40.1℃であった。排出口上部の排気ガス温度は82.0℃であった。従って、排気ガスに空気を供給して排気ガス温度は75℃以下に冷却した。
(比較例)
石炭供給量が20.3kg/h、乾燥熱源温度180℃にして試験を実施した結果、石炭の全水分は、供給時32.9質量%であったのに対し乾燥後は12.1質量%となり、熱容量係数は、2747kcal/m3hr℃となった。またこのときの石炭温度は、79.0℃であった。排出口上部の排気ガス温度は109.0℃であった。この結果、乾燥後の石炭および排気ガスがともに75℃を超えることとなった。
図9は、本発明の第4の実施形態に係る石炭の処理方法を実現する石炭の処理システムの全体の流れの一例を示すブロック図、図10は同石炭の処理システムの全体概要の一例を示すブロック図である。図9及び図10に示すように、石炭の処理システム1Cは、基本的には第3の実施形態における処理システム1Bと同様の構成を有し、石炭火力発電設備100と、セメント製造設備200と、石炭乾燥処理設備300と、石炭集積中継設備(コールセンター)400とを備える。
逆に、一般的に全水分が低いとされる高品位炭であっても貯炭状況及び大気の温度と相対湿度の変動により、全水分から平衡水分を差し引いた数値が上昇し、上記数値が8を超えれば被処理石炭と判定される。
なお、図示は省略するが、既設送炭ライン2に、水分測定装置を設置し、さらに水分測定装置からの石炭の全水分の情報ならびに平衡水分により二股ダンパー3を制御する制御装置を設置し、制御装置により乾燥処理の要否を判定させ、判定結果に基づいて二股ダンパー3を制御させることも可能である。
これによって、一旦乾燥した石炭が、利用に至るまでに吸湿し、石炭の全水分が上昇してしまうことを防止し、また乾燥エネルギーの浪費を回避することができる。
また、低品位炭は自然発火性が高く、乾燥によって乾燥機内で低品位炭が発火する可能性がある。このため、乾燥機20における発火に対する消火用設備として、窒素ガス及びまたは工業用水等を供給するための装置を設置することが好ましい。
以下、第4の実施形態の実施例及び比較例により本発明を具体的に説明する。
実施例及び比較例に用いた乾燥機は上記乾燥機20と同等の構成を有するパドル攪拌式の乾燥機を用い、第3の実施形態と同様の条件下にて実施した。
2 既設送炭ライン
3 二股ダンパー
4 既設送炭ライン
5 既設送炭ライン
6 水分計
7 制御装置
9 受入サイロ
12 抜出コンベアー
13 鉛直コンベアー
14 スクリューフィーダー
15 ロータリーバルブ
16 ロータリーバルブ
17 排出コンベアー
18 排風機
19 バグフィルター
20 乾燥機
21 パドル
22 ガス(空気)分散板
30 バグフィルターファン
31 排気ダクト
33 鉛直コンベアー
34 製品サイロ
35 ダスト(微粉炭)搬送システム
36 定量供給計量システム
37 搬送コンベアー
38 鉛直コンベアー
39 既設メイン送炭ライン
100 石炭火力発電設備
102 粉砕工程
103 ボイラー工程
104 発電工程
105 給水加熱工程
106 脱硝工程
107 熱回収工程
108 集塵工程
109 脱硫工程
200 セメント製造設備
201 粉砕工程
202 焼成工程
203 冷却工程
204 仕上げ工程
208 輸送工程
209 乾燥工程
210 輸送・混炭工程
300 石炭乾燥処理設備
400 石炭集積中継設備
401 瀝青炭(高品位炭)
402 被処理石炭(低品位炭)
500 石炭集積中継設備
501 瀝青炭
502 亜瀝青炭
503 混炭工程
504 輸送工程
600 セメント製造設備
601 輸送工程
700 石炭火力発電設備
701 ボイラー工程
Claims (11)
- 石炭を乾燥して石炭火力発電設備で燃焼させる石炭の処理方法において、
ガス分散板によって内部が上方の乾燥室と下方のガス室に区画され、前記乾燥室内には横架させたパドル軸が回転自在に設けられ、前記パドル軸の軸方向に間隔をおいて石炭を攪拌するためのパドルが複数個取付けられたパドル攪拌式乾燥機の前記乾燥室内に石炭を供給し、
前記石炭火力発電設備とは異なる熱ガス供給設備から前記ガス室内に熱ガスを供給し石炭を乾燥させる石炭の処理方法。 - 前記乾燥された乾燥石炭を、前記乾燥石炭以外の非処理石炭と混炭する工程と、
混炭された石炭を前記石炭火力発電設備に送炭する工程とを備えた
請求項1記載の石炭の処理方法。 - 乾燥設備から排出される微粉炭を含む排気ガスに他のガスを混合して前記微粉炭を含む排気ガスを冷却する工程を備えた
請求項1または2記載の石炭の処理方法。 - 前記石炭を乾燥する前に、前記石炭の乾燥処理の要否を判定する工程を備え、前記乾燥処理の要否の判定は、前記乾燥前の石炭の全水分及び平衡水分の情報に基づき行われ、
乾燥処理が要ると判定された所定の性状の被処理石炭を所定の状態となるように乾燥する
請求項1~3のいずれか1項記載の石炭の処理方法。 - 前記熱ガス供給設備は、セメント製造設備である
請求項1~4のいずれか1項記載の石炭の処理方法。 - 前記混炭は、前記非処理石炭を輸送するための輸送手段に前記乾燥石炭を供給して行われる
請求項2記載の石炭の処理方法。 - 前記排気ガスは、75℃以下の温度に冷却される
請求項3記載の石炭の処理方法。 - 前記乾燥処理の要否の判定は、前記石炭の全水分量から平衡水分量を差し引いた数値が8以上である場合は前記乾燥処理が要ると判定し、前記数値が8未満である場合は前記乾燥処理が不要であると判定することにより行われる
請求項4記載の石炭の処理方法。 - 前記被処理石炭は、石炭が改質されペレット状または/およびブリケット状に成型加工されたものである
請求項1記載の石炭処理方法。 - 前記乾燥処理は、乾燥処理後の石炭の全水分が平衡水分を上回るように行われる
請求項1記載の石炭の処理方法。 - 石炭を乾燥して石炭火力発電設備で燃焼させる石炭の処理システムにおいて、ガス分散板によって内部が上方の乾燥室と下方のガス室に区画され、前記乾燥室内には横架させたパドル軸が回転自在に設けられ、前記パドル軸の軸方向に間隔をおいて石炭を攪拌するためのパドルが複数個取付けられたパドル攪拌式乾燥機の前記乾燥室には石炭を供給するための供給口が設けられ、前記ガス室には石炭を乾燥するための熱ガスを供給する熱ガス供給口が設けられ、前記熱ガス供給口とセメント製造設備のクリンカークーラーの排ガスの排出ラインとが接続されてなることを特徴とする石炭の処理システム。
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KR20150018634A (ko) * | 2012-09-20 | 2015-02-23 | 미츠비시 쥬고교 가부시키가이샤 | 고로 설비 |
KR101667166B1 (ko) * | 2012-09-20 | 2016-10-17 | 미츠비시 쥬고교 가부시키가이샤 | 고로 설비 |
JP2018096637A (ja) * | 2016-12-15 | 2018-06-21 | 株式会社Ihi | 冷却装置 |
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JP5482657B2 (ja) | 2014-05-07 |
AU2009284975B2 (en) | 2014-11-06 |
AU2009284975A1 (en) | 2010-03-04 |
CN102132097A (zh) | 2011-07-20 |
JPWO2010024333A1 (ja) | 2012-01-26 |
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