WO2010007963A1 - フルカラー画像形成方法 - Google Patents
フルカラー画像形成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010007963A1 WO2010007963A1 PCT/JP2009/062667 JP2009062667W WO2010007963A1 WO 2010007963 A1 WO2010007963 A1 WO 2010007963A1 JP 2009062667 W JP2009062667 W JP 2009062667W WO 2010007963 A1 WO2010007963 A1 WO 2010007963A1
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Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G15/01—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for producing multicoloured copies
- G03G15/0142—Structure of complete machines
- G03G15/0178—Structure of complete machines using more than one reusable electrographic recording member, e.g. one for every monocolour image
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G15/01—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for producing multicoloured copies
- G03G15/0142—Structure of complete machines
- G03G15/0178—Structure of complete machines using more than one reusable electrographic recording member, e.g. one for every monocolour image
- G03G15/0194—Structure of complete machines using more than one reusable electrographic recording member, e.g. one for every monocolour image primary transfer to the final recording medium
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/0821—Developers with toner particles characterised by physical parameters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/09—Colouring agents for toner particles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/09—Colouring agents for toner particles
- G03G9/0906—Organic dyes
- G03G9/0918—Phthalocyanine dyes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/09—Colouring agents for toner particles
- G03G9/0926—Colouring agents for toner particles characterised by physical or chemical properties
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrophotographic full-color image forming method using toner for developing an electrostatic image (hereinafter also simply referred to as toner).
- a full color image having a desired color tone is formed by superimposing toner images of yellow toner, magenta toner, and cyan toner (for example, Patent Documents). 1).
- the quality of the formed image is required to achieve high gradation, to enhance the vividness of the color of the image, and to extend the color reproduction range of the image. .
- Patent Document 2 as a toner for developing an electrostatic image, a yellow toner and a magenta toner are combined with a light color, ie, a cyan toner having a high lightness and a hue in a red-green direction and a hue in a yellow-blue direction.
- a dark toner that is, a cyan toner having low brightness.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a full-color image forming method capable of obtaining high color reproducibility for the obtained full-color image, particularly with respect to blue and green, and obtaining excellent gradation. .
- a full-color image forming method for forming a full-color image using at least yellow toner, magenta toner, and cyan toner (1) and cyan toner (2) The toner image formed by the cyan toner (1) alone is The maximum saturation C * value is 50 or more, and the lightness L * value in the color space represented by the L * a * b * color system is 30 to 52, The toner image formed by the cyan toner (2) alone is The maximum chroma C * value is 50 or more, and the lightness L * value in a color space represented by the L * a * b * color system is 58 to 75.
- the above configuration is It can also be referred to as a full-color image forming method using at least yellow toner, magenta toner, low-lightness cyan toner that satisfies the following condition (1), and high-lightness cyan toner that satisfies the following condition (2). That is, Condition (1): The toner image formed by the low lightness cyan toner alone, the maximum chroma C * value C * (c1) is not less than 50, L * a * b * lightness in a color space represented by L * value L * (C1) is 30 to 52.
- Condition (2) In a toner image formed with a high brightness cyan toner alone, the value C * (c2) of the maximum chroma C * is 50 or more, and the value L * of the brightness L * in the color space represented by L * a * b * . (C2) is 58 to 75.
- the toner image formed with yellow toner alone has a maximum chroma C * value of 85 or more and a lightness L * value of 70 or more in the color space represented by the L * a * b * color system. 90 or less,
- a toner image formed with magenta toner alone has a maximum saturation C * value of 70 or more, and a lightness L * value of 20 or more in a color space represented by an L * a * b * color system. It is preferable that it is 55 or less.
- the maximum chroma C * value C * (y) is 85 or more, and the lightness L * value L * in the color space represented by L * a * b * .
- (Y) is 70-90
- the maximum chroma C * value C * (m) is 70 or more, and the lightness L * value L * in the color space represented by L * a * b * . It can also be said that it is preferable to use those having (m) of 20 to 55.
- yellow toner, magenta toner, low brightness cyan toner (cyan toner (1)) and high brightness cyan toner (cyan toner (2)) all have softening points of 75 to 115 ° C. It is preferable that the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the softening points of these four types of toners is in the range of less than 4 ° C.
- two types of cyan toners having different brightness are used.
- One of the two types of cyan toners having different lightnesses has a lightness L * of 30 or more and 52 or less, and the other has a lightness L * of 58 or more and 75 or less, and any toner has a maximum chroma C *. Is a value of 50 or more.
- the full-color image forming method forms a full-color image through at least the following steps. That is, (A) a developing step of developing the electrostatic image on the surface of the latent image carrier with a developer to form a toner image; (B) a transfer step in which the toner image formed on the surface of the latent image carrier in the development step is transferred to the image support; (C) a fixing step of fixing the toner image transferred onto the image support in the transfer step to the image support; A full color image is formed by passing through at least.
- cyan toners having different brightness For full-color image formation, at least two types of cyan toners having different brightness are used together with yellow toner and magenta toner.
- the toner images formed by using these two types of cyan toners have different brightness, but the maximum saturation C * is a value that exceeds a specific range.
- two types of cyan toners having different brightness used in the present invention are cyan toner (1) and cyan toner (2)
- a toner image formed by each cyan toner alone satisfies the following conditions.
- two types of cyan toners having different lightness are described, which means that the lightness of toner images formed by using each cyan toner alone is different.
- cyan toner (1) which can obtain relatively low brightness when forming a cyan toner image
- low brightness cyan toner cyan toner (relatively high brightness)
- high brightness cyan toner cyan toner (relatively high brightness)
- Maximum saturation as used in the present invention is defined as follows. First, when the content of the colorant in the toner particles is set high (usually 8 to 10% by mass), the saturation increases almost proportionally with the increase in the toner adhesion amount, but exceeds a certain level. However, even if the toner adhesion amount increases, the saturation does not increase but starts to stagnate and finally decreases. The saturation at which the saturation changes from rising to falling even though the toner adhesion amount is increasing is defined as the maximum saturation. Further, when the saturation of the toner image increases in proportion to the increase in the toner adhesion amount, the saturation of the toner image is maximized when the toner adhesion amount to the image support that can be set by the image forming apparatus is maximized. Defined as degrees.
- the image output can use an “ECI2002 chart (Random Layout)” recommended by “ECI (European Color Initiative)”.
- the image support used when measuring the saturation and the brightness can be one having a basis weight of 128 g / m 2 and a brightness of about 93.
- an image support for example, And “POD gloss coated paper” manufactured by Oji Paper Co., Ltd.
- the fixing condition of the toner image is the standard fixing condition of the image forming apparatus employing the present invention.
- the glossiness of the toner image is measured using “Gloss Meter (manufactured by Murakami Color Engineering Laboratories)” at a measurement angle of 75 degrees, and at least a toner image having a glossiness of 10 or more is measured.
- the maximum saturation is determined by the relationship with the toner adhesion amount.
- the saturation including the maximum saturation is calculated by the following formula (1).
- the “saturation” is a value indicating the degree of vividness of the color, and L * a * b * color system [CIE (International Lighting Commission) 1976 (L * a * b * ) color space].
- CIE International Lighting Commission
- L * a * b * color system is one of the means used to express the color numerically.
- L * is the z axis in the L * a * b * color system chromaticity diagram. It is a coordinate of the direction and represents the brightness.
- a * is the value of a * coordinates in the L * a * b * color system chromaticity diagram
- b * is a value of b * coordinates in the L * a * b * color system chromaticity diagram
- a * and b * represent hue and saturation.
- the hue refers to shades of red, yellow, green, blue, purple, and the like.
- the + (plus) direction of the x-axis indicated by a * is the red direction
- the (minus) direction is the green direction
- the + (plus) direction of the y-axis indicated by b * is the yellow direction
- the-(minus) direction of the y-axis is the blue direction.
- the saturation C * should be interpreted as meaning the distance from the coordinate point (a, b) to the origin O in the L * a * b * color system chromaticity diagram. You can also. Further, the value of a * and the value of b * for calculating the saturation C * by the above equation (1) can be measured by a spectrophotometer “Gretag Macbeth Spectrolino” (manufactured by Gretag Macbeth). .
- the above spectrophotometer uses a D65 light source as the light source and a ⁇ 4 mm reflection measurement aperture, a measurement wavelength range of 380 to 730 nm with an interval of 10 nm, a viewing angle (observer) of 2 °, and a dedicated white tile for reference adjustment. Perform under the conditions used.
- the maximum saturation C * is when the hue angle h is 195 degrees. It is measured.
- hue angle h refers to, for example, a certain coordinate point (a, b) and origin when an s-axis-y-axis plane representing the relationship between hue and saturation when lightness takes a certain value is formed.
- the lightness L * mentioned above refers to the relative brightness of the color, and the value of the lightness L * is the same as the method for measuring the values of a * and b * described above. It can be measured by “Gretag Macbeth Spectrolino” (manufactured by Gretag Macbeth).
- the lightness L * is also measured using a D65 light source as the light source, a ⁇ 4mm reflective measurement aperture, a measurement wavelength range of 380 to 730 nm at 10 nm intervals, a viewing angle (observer) of 2 °, and a dedicated white tile for reference adjustment. To do under.
- the toner image to be measured is formed using the cyan toner (1) and cyan toner (2), the lightness L * is measured when the hue angle h is 195 degrees. It is a thing.
- the maximum saturation C * of the toner image is 50 or more, the lightness L * is 30 or more and 52 or less, and the lightness L * is 48. Above 52 is particularly preferable.
- the maximum saturation C * of the toner image is 50 or more
- the lightness L * is 58 or more and 75 or less
- the lightness L * is 64 or more and 74.
- the difference ⁇ L * between the brightness of the toner image formed with the cyan toner (1) alone and the brightness of the toner image formed with the cyan toner (2) alone is preferably at least larger than 6 and is 8 or more and 15 or less. Is more preferable.
- the toner image formed with yellow toner alone and the toner image formed with magenta toner satisfy the following conditions.
- Toner image formed with yellow toner alone The maximum chroma C * value is 85 or more L * a * b * The brightness L * value in the color space represented by the color system is 70 or more and 90 or less.
- the hue angle h when measuring the value of a * and the value of b * and the lightness L * for calculating the maximum chroma C * of a toner image formed with yellow toner alone is 75 degrees.
- the hue angle h when measuring the value of a * , the value of b * , and the lightness L * for calculating the maximum chroma C * of a toner image formed with magenta toner alone is set to 315 degrees.
- the toner image formed with yellow toner alone satisfies the above conditions, light green, which is a color tone formed by combining yellow toner and cyan toner (2) with high brightness, is obtained.
- the toner image of the system can be made to have good graininess without a feeling of roughness.
- the cyan toner dots can be made inconspicuous in the light green toner image. It is considered that good graininess can be obtained.
- a dark blue-based color tone which is a color tone formed by combining magenta toner and cyan toner (1) with low brightness.
- the toner image can have good graininess without a feeling of roughness.
- the difference between the lightness of the magenta toner image and the lightness of the toner image formed with the cyan toner (1) is reduced, so that the magenta toner dots can be made inconspicuous in the dark blue toner image. It is considered that good graininess can be obtained.
- the maximum chroma C * is 85 or more and the lightness L * is 70 or more and 90 or less in a toner image formed with yellow toner alone.
- the lightness L * is more preferably from 80 to 90, and more preferably from 85 to 90. It is particularly preferred that
- the maximum chroma C * is 70 or more and the lightness L * is 20 or more and 55 or less in a toner image formed of magenta toner alone.
- the maximum chroma C * is more preferably 70 or more and 100 or less from the viewpoint of improving the red or blue color forming properties that are secondary colors formed using magenta toner.
- the lightness L * when the maximum chroma C * is 70 or more and 100 or less is 35 or more from the viewpoint of improving the color developability of blue, purple and red, which are secondary colors formed using magenta toner. More preferably, it is 51 or less, and 40 or more and 49 or less are especially preferable.
- the yellow toner, magenta toner, cyan toner (1), and cyan toner (2) which are toners used in the full color image forming method according to the present invention, all have a softening point temperature (Tsp) of 75 ° C. or higher and 115 ° C. or lower. It is preferable that it is 80 degreeC or more and 110 degrees C or less especially.
- Tsp softening point temperature
- the softening point temperature of the toner By setting the softening point temperature of the toner within the above range, the elastic modulus can be maintained so that the offset phenomenon does not occur due to heating during fixing, and the formed toner image can be made thin. When the toner image is thinned in this way, more reflected light can pass through the toner image and sufficient saturation can be obtained.
- the difference between the highest softening point and the lowest softening point is within a range of less than 4 ° C. It is preferable.
- the difference between the softening points of the four toners within the above range, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of uneven gloss due to color superposition in an image region formed by superimposing the toners. Accordingly, for example, even in an image region such as a shadow portion of a photographic image, the gloss uniformity is enhanced, so that a high-quality image can be obtained in the formed image (printed material).
- the softening point temperature of the toner used in the full-color image forming method according to the present invention can be controlled by, for example, the following operations. That is, (1) Adjusting the type and composition ratio of the polymerizable monomer used in obtaining the resin (2) In the toner production process, for example, adjusting the type and amount of the chain transfer agent used in the process of obtaining the resin The molecular weight of the resin is adjusted by, for example, (3) The type and amount of the constituent material such as the release agent are adjusted.
- the softening point temperature of the toner can be measured using, for example, “Flow Tester CFT-500” (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation).
- the procedure forms a cylindrical body having a height of 10 mm using toner.
- a pressure of 1.96 ⁇ 10 6 Pa is applied by a plunger while heating the cylindrical body at a temperature rising rate of 6 ° C./min, and the cylindrical body is pushed out from a nozzle having a diameter of 1 mm and a length of 1 mm.
- the softening flow curve which shows the relationship between the fall amount from a plunger and temperature is obtained, and let temperature at the fall amount 5 mm be a softening point temperature.
- the toner used in the full-color image forming method according to the present invention will be further described.
- the toner used in the full-color image forming method according to the present invention is composed of particles (hereinafter also referred to as “colored particles”) containing at least a resin and a colorant.
- the cyan toner (1) and cyan toner (2), and yellow toner and magenta toner used in the present invention satisfy the above-mentioned conditions by adjusting the type, composition, content, and the like of the colorant used. Thus, the toner image can be formed.
- Examples of colorants that can be used in the cyan toner (1) that can obtain low brightness include C.I. I. Pigment blue 15: 1 to 15: 3, C.I. I. It is possible to use a copper phthalocyanine compound such as CI Pigment Blue 78, a zinc phthalocyanine compound, an aluminum phthalocyanine compound, or the like alone. Furthermore, it is also possible to use other colorants such as a colorant that can be used for the cyan toner (2) described later in combination with the above colorant at an appropriate mass ratio.
- Examples of the colorant that can be used in the cyan toner (2) with high brightness can include, for example, compounds represented by the following general formula (I), the following chemical formula (1), and the following chemical formula (2). It can be preferably used. In addition to these, other colorants such as a colorant that can be used in the above-described cyan toner (1) can be used in combination at an appropriate mass ratio.
- M 1 represents a silicon atom, a germanium atom or a tin atom
- Z 1 each independently represents a hydroxy group, a chlorine atom, an aryloxy group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, or a carbon number of 1
- a 1 to A 4 each independently represent an atomic group forming a benzene ring.
- Z 2 to Z 4 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms, an aryloxy group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms.
- the colorant that can be used for the yellow toner satisfies the condition that, when a toner image is formed with the yellow toner alone, the maximum chroma C * of the yellow toner image is 85 or more and the lightness L * is 70 or more and 90 or less. It is preferable to selectively use a yellow colorant so as to achieve the above.
- the lightness L * when the maximum chroma C * is 85 or more is 80 or more. It is more preferable to selectively use a yellow colorant so that it is 90 or less.
- the yellow toner colorant is preferably a combination of at least a yellow colorant constituting the following group X and a yellow colorant constituting the following group Y.
- Mass ratio of such yellow colorant hereinafter also referred to as “group X colorant”) to yellow colorant according to group Y (hereinafter also referred to as “group Y colorant”) (group X colorant: group) Y colorant) is 65:35 to 95: 5.
- group X colorant is C.I. I. Pigment yellow 3, C.I. I. Pigment yellow 35, C.I. I. Pigment yellow 65, C.I. I. Pigment yellow 74, C.I. I. Pigment yellow 98 and C.I. I.
- Pigment Yellow 111 is used.
- Group Y This group Y is C.I. I. Pigment yellow 9, C.I. I. Pigment yellow 36, C.I. I. Pigment yellow 83, C.I. I. Pigment yellow 110, C.I. I. Pigment yellow 139, C.I. I. Pigment yellow 181 and C.I. I. Pigment Yellow 153.
- the maximum saturation C * of the magenta toner image is 70 or more and the lightness L * is 20 or more and 55 or less. It is preferable to selectively use a magenta colorant so as to satisfy the conditions.
- the magenta colorant is selectively selected so that the maximum chroma C * is 70 or more and 100 or less. More preferably, it is used. Further, it is particularly preferable to selectively use a magenta colorant so that the lightness L * when the maximum chroma C * is 70 or more and 100 or less is 35 or more and 51 or less.
- the colorant of the magenta toner the following pigments, dyes and complex compounds (hereinafter collectively referred to as “specific magenta dyes”), that is, the respective dispersions are mixed. What is obtained by this is used.
- pigments include C.I. I. Pigment red 2, C.I. I. Pigment red 3, C.I. I. Pigment red 6, C.I. I. Pigment red 7, C.I. I. Pigment red 9, C.I. I. Pigment red 15, C.I. I. Pigment red 16, C.I. I. Pigment red 48: 1, C.I. I. Pigment red 48: 3, C.I. I. Pigment red 53: 1, C.I. I. Pigment red 57: 1, C.I. I. Pigment red 122, C.I. I. Pigment red 123, C.I. I. Pigment red 139, C.I. I. Pigment red 144, C.I. I. Pigment red 149, C.I. I.
- Pigment red 166 C.I. I. Pigment red 177, C.I. I. Pigment red 178, C.I. I. Pigment red 208, C.I. I. Pigment red 209, C.I. I. And CI Pigment Red 222.
- the dye examples include C.I. I. Solvent Red 3, C.I. I. Solvent Red 14, C.I. I. Solvent Red 17, C.I. I. Solvent Red 18, C.I. I. Solvent Red 22, C.I. I. Solvent Red 23, C.I. I. Solvent Red 49, C.I. I. Solvent Red 51, C.I. I. Solvent Red 53, C.I. I. Solvent Red 87, C.I. I. Solvent Red 127, C.I. I. Solvent Red 128, C.I. I. Solvent Red 131, C.I. I. Solvent Red 145, C.I. I. Solvent Red 146, C.I. I. Solvent Red 149, C.I. I.
- Solvent Red 150 C.I. I. Solvent Red 151, C.I. I. Solvent Red 152, C.I. I. Solvent Red 153, C.I. I. Solvent Red 154, C.I. I. Solvent Red 155, C.I. I. Solvent Red 156, C.I. I. Solvent Red 157, C.I. I. Solvent Red 158, C.I. I. Solvent Red 176, C.I. I. Solvent Red 179 etc. are mentioned.
- preferred specific examples of the complex compound include compounds represented by the following chemical formulas (3) to (6).
- the amount of these colorants added is in the range of 1 to 30% by mass, preferably 2 to 20% by mass, based on the whole toner.
- the binder resin constituting the toner used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and those made of a polymer obtained by polymerizing a polymerizable monomer are used.
- This resin is composed of a polymer obtained by polymerizing at least one kind of polymerizable monomer, and even if it is composed of one kind of polymerizable monomer, a plurality of kinds of polymerizable monomers can be used. A combination of monomers may also be used.
- polymer used as the binder resin examples include a vinyl polymer in which a vinyl monomer is used as the polymerizable monomer.
- vinyl monomers for obtaining vinyl polymers include styrene or styrene derivatives; methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, t-butyl methacrylate, n-octyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid.
- Methacrylic acid ester derivatives such as 2-ethylhexyl acid, stearyl methacrylate, lauryl methacrylate, phenyl methacrylate; methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, t-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate
- acrylic acid ester derivatives such as n-octyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, stearyl acrylate, lauryl acrylate, and phenyl acrylate.
- a monomer having an ionic dissociation group having a functional group such as a carboxyl group or a sulfonic acid group in the side chain is used together with the vinyl monomer.
- polymerizable monomer having an ionic dissociation group examples include those having a carboxyl group, such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid, cinnamic acid, and fumaric acid.
- carboxyl group such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid, cinnamic acid, and fumaric acid.
- sulfonic acid group examples include styrene sulfonic acid and allyl sulfosuccinic acid.
- a resin having a crosslinked structure can be obtained by using polyfunctional vinyls.
- polyfunctional vinyls include divinylbenzene, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, ethylene glycol diacrylate, and the like.
- the toner for developing an electrostatic charge image used in the present invention may contain other components such as a release agent (wax) in addition to the above-described binder resin and colorant.
- a release agent wax
- the release agent include polyolefin waxes such as polyethylene wax and polypropylene wax; long-chain hydrocarbon waxes such as paraffin wax and sazol wax; dialkyl ketone waxes such as distearyl ketone; carnauba wax and montan Examples thereof include wax, trimethylolpropane tribehenate, pentaerythritol tetramyristate, pentaerythritol tetrastearate, pentaerythritol tetrabehenate, pentaerythritol diacetate dibehenate, and glycerine tribehenate.
- polyolefin waxes such as polyethylene wax and polypropylene wax
- long-chain hydrocarbon waxes such as paraffin wax and sazol wax
- dialkyl ketone waxes such as distearyl ketone
- carnauba wax and montan examples thereof include wax, trimethylolpropane tribehenate,
- the releasing agent used as a constituent material of the toner used in the present invention has a melting point of usually 40 to 125 ° C., preferably 50 to 120 ° C., more preferably 60 to 90 ° C.
- a release agent having a melting point in the above range the heat-resistant storage stability of the toner is ensured, and when low-temperature fixing is performed, stable image formation can be performed without adverse effects such as the occurrence of cold offset.
- the content of the release agent in the toner is preferably 1 to 30% by mass, and more preferably 5 to 20% by mass in the whole toner.
- the particle diameter of the electrostatic image developing toner used in the present invention is preferably 3 ⁇ m or more and 8 ⁇ m or less in terms of volume-based median diameter (D50v).
- D50v volume-based median diameter
- the volume-based median diameter of the toner used in the present invention is determined by using a measuring device in which a computer system for data processing (Beckman Coulter) is connected to “Coulter Multisizer TA-III” (Beckman Coulter). Can be measured and calculated. Specifically, 0.02 g of toner is added to 20 mL of a surfactant solution (for example, a surfactant solution obtained by diluting a neutral detergent containing a surfactant component 10 times with pure water for the purpose of dispersing an electrostatic charge image developing toner). ), And ultrasonically dispersed for 1 minute to prepare a toner dispersion.
- a surfactant solution for example, a surfactant solution obtained by diluting a neutral detergent containing a surfactant component 10 times with pure water for the purpose of dispersing an electrostatic charge image developing toner.
- This toner dispersion is injected into a beaker containing “ISOTON II” (manufactured by Beckman Coulter) in a sample stand with a pipette until the display density of the measuring apparatus becomes 8%.
- concentration range reproducible measurement values can be obtained.
- the measurement particle count is set to 25000
- the aperture diameter is set to 50 ⁇ m
- the frequency range is calculated by dividing the range of 1 to 30 ⁇ m, which is the measurement range, into 256 parts.
- the particle diameter of is the volume-based median diameter.
- the toner used in the present invention preferably has a coefficient of variation (CV value) in the volume-based particle size distribution of 2% to 21%, particularly preferably 5% to 15%. .
- the variation coefficient in the volume-based particle size distribution indicates the degree of dispersion in the particle size distribution of the colored particles (toner particles) on the volume basis, and is calculated by the following equation (3).
- a smaller CV value indicates that the particle size distribution is sharper, and therefore, the size of the colored particles (toner particles) is uniform.
- the toner particles have a uniform size, so that it is possible to reproduce the fine dots and fine lines as required in digital image formation with higher accuracy.
- the electrostatic image developing toner used in the present invention can be produced by a conventionally known method.
- a pulverization method for producing a toner through the steps of a kneading step, a pulverization step, and a classification step a so-called polymerization method in which a polymerizable monomer is polymerized and particle formation is performed while controlling the shape and size in the polymerization step.
- a production method such as an emulsion polymerization method, a suspension polymerization method, a polyester elongation method, etc.
- the toner for developing an electrostatic charge image used in the present invention may be composed only of colored particles (base particles of toner in a state where no external additive is added).
- An external additive (external additive) composed of particles such as inorganic fine particles and organic fine particles having a primary particle size of 4 to 800 nm, or a constitution in which a lubricant is added to colored particles may be used.
- inorganic fine particles conventionally known fine particles can be used.
- silica fine particles, titania fine particles, alumina fine particles, strontium titanate fine particles and the like can be suitably used.
- what hydrophobized these inorganic fine particles can also be used.
- silica fine particles include, for example, “R-805”, “R-976”, “R-974”, “R-972”, “R-812”, “R-809” manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd .; “HVK-2150”, “H-200” manufactured by Hoechst; “TS-720”, “TS-530”, “TS-610”, “H-5”, “MS-5” manufactured by Cabot, etc. Is mentioned.
- titania fine particles examples include “T-805” and “T-604” manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd .; “MT-600S”, “MT-100B”, “MT-500BS”, “MT” manufactured by Teica. -600 “,” MT-600SS “,” JA-1 “;” TA-300SI “,” TA-500 “,” TAF-130 “,” TAF-510 “,” TAF-510T “manufactured by Fuji Titanium Etc.
- alumina fine particles include “RFY-C” and “C-604” manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd. and “TTO-55” manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd.
- spherical particles having a number average primary particle diameter of 10 to 2000 nm can be used.
- specific examples include homopolymers such as styrene and methyl methacrylate and copolymers thereof. It is done.
- a metal salt of a higher fatty acid can be used, specifically, a salt of zinc stearate, aluminum, copper, magnesium, calcium, etc .; a salt of zinc palmitate, copper, magnesium, calcium, etc. Is mentioned.
- the addition amount of the external additive is preferably 0.1 to 10.0% by mass in the whole toner.
- various known mixing devices such as a Turbuler mixer, a Henschel mixer, a Nauter mixer, and a V-type mixer can be used.
- the toner for developing an electrostatic charge image used in the present invention can be supplied as a magnetic or non-magnetic one-component developer or a two-component developer mixed with a carrier and used for image formation.
- the carrier is a metal such as iron, ferrite or magnetite, or an alloy of these metals and a metal such as aluminum or lead.
- magnetic particles made of a conventionally known material can be used.
- ferrite particles are particularly preferable.
- the volume average particle diameter of the carrier is preferably 15 to 100 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 25 to 80 ⁇ m.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the configuration of a tandem type full-color image forming apparatus that can be used in the full-color image forming method according to the present invention.
- the image forming apparatus 10 in FIG. 1 includes an image reading unit 11 and a printer unit 12.
- An image reading unit 21 is an image reading unit for photoelectrically reading image information of the original G.
- the printer unit 12 includes a plurality (five in FIG. 1) of image forming units 30Y, 301C, 302C, 30M, and 30K, a paper feeding cassette 22, and a laser scanning device provided along the image support conveyance belt 26.
- the exposure device 33 and the fixing device 29 are provided.
- the image forming unit 30Y forms a toner image with yellow toner, and includes a latent image carrier made of a photoreceptor 31Y.
- a charging unit 32Y Around the photoreceptor 31Y, a charging unit 32Y, a developing device 34Y, a transfer unit 37Y, and a cleaning unit are provided. 38Y is arranged.
- the image forming units 301C, 302C, 30M, and 30K form toner images with cyan toner (1), cyan toner (2), magenta toner, and black toner, respectively, and are basically the same as the image forming unit 30Y. It has the composition of.
- the image support transport belt 26 is stretched around a plurality of support rollers 26A and 26B and is supported so as to be able to circulate.
- each photoconductor is charged by a charging unit.
- a laser beam modulated in accordance with the image signal output from the image reading unit 11 to the printer unit 12 side is output from the exposure device 33, and each of the above-described photoreceptors is scanned and exposed by this laser beam.
- yellow, high lightness cyan, low lightness cyan, magenta and black corresponding to the image information of the original G read by the image reading unit 21 constituting the image reading unit 11 are obtained.
- a corresponding electrostatic charge image (latent image) is formed on each photoreceptor.
- the electrostatic image formed on each photoconductor is developed by supplying each toner of yellow toner, cyan toner (1), cyan toner (2), magenta toner, and black toner from each developing device. As a visible image.
- each color toner image is formed on each photoconductor, in synchronization with this, an image support such as paper housed in the paper feed cassette 22 is fed one by one by the paper feed roller 23, and the image support It is electrostatically attracted and conveyed on the body conveying belt 26. Then, each color toner image (yellow, high lightness cyan, low lightness cyan, magenta, black) toner images is sequentially transferred onto the image support that has been conveyed by the transfer means. Is formed.
- the image support on which the color toner image is formed is conveyed to the fixing device 29 and fixed, and a full color image is thus formed on the image support. Thereafter, the paper is sandwiched between the paper discharge rollers 25 and discharged onto a paper discharge tray 27 outside the apparatus.
- a total of five image forming units are arranged on the image support in this order, a yellow toner image, a high brightness cyan toner image, a low brightness cyan toner image, a magenta toner image, and a black toner image. Since the arrangement is such that the image is transferred, the developing device is arranged so that the transfer onto the image support is performed in order from the toner image having the highest brightness even when color mixing occurs. This makes it difficult for harmful effects caused by color mixing to occur.
- image support plain paper from thin paper to thick paper, high-quality paper, coated printing paper such as art paper or coated paper, commercially available Japanese paper or postcard paper, plastic film for OHP, cloth Although various types can be mentioned, it is not limited to these.
- the volume-based median diameter of the colorant fine particles in the low brightness cyan colorant fine particle dispersion (1) was 126 nm.
- volume-based median diameter is “MICROTRAC UPA 150” (manufactured by HONEYWELL), sample refractive index 1.59, sample specific gravity 1.05 (in terms of spherical particles), solvent refractive index 1.33, solvent viscosity 0 Measurement was performed by adjusting the zero point by introducing ion-exchanged water into the measurement cell under the measurement conditions of .797 (30 ° C.) and 1.002 (20 ° C.).
- a polymerization initiator solution in which parts were dissolved in 400 parts by mass of ion-exchanged water was added and the liquid temperature was raised to 75 ° C., then 532 parts by mass of styrene, 200 parts by mass of n-butyl acrylate, 68 parts by mass of methacrylic acid. And a monomer solution containing 16.4 parts by mass of n-octyl mercaptan was added dropwise over 1 hour, followed by heating and stirring at 75 ° C. for 2 hours. Performed if (first stage polymerization), the resin particle dispersion containing resin particles (1h) to (1H) was prepared.
- the weight average molecular weight of the obtained resin particles (1h) was 16,500.
- a surfactant aqueous solution in which 3 parts by mass of the anionic surfactant used in the first stage polymerization was dissolved in 1560 parts by mass of ion-exchanged water was charged and heated so that the internal temperature became 80 ° C.
- the emulsified particle dispersion containing emulsified particles (oil droplets) having a dispersed particle diameter of 340 nm is obtained by mixing and dispersing for 8 hours. Prepared.
- the obtained resin particles (1 hm) had a weight average molecular weight of 23,000.
- the weight average molecular weight of the obtained resin particles for core part (1) was 26800, and the glass transition temperature (Tg) was 28.1 ° C.
- the weight average molecular weight of the obtained resin particles for shell (1) was 16400, and the glass transition temperature (Tg) was 62.6 ° C.
- the mass average particle diameter of the resin particles for shell (1) in this resin particle dispersion was measured and found to be 95 nm.
- the average circularity of the obtained core part (1) measured using “FPIA2100” was 0.912.
- the ripening treatment (shell formation) was stopped by adding 40.2 parts by mass of sodium chloride, and then cooled to 30 ° C. under conditions of 6 ° C./min.
- the colored particles having a structure in which a shell is formed on the surface of the core part (hereinafter referred to as “low brightness cyan toner particles (CA-1)”) are repeatedly washed with ion-exchanged water and dried with hot air at 45 ° C. Say).
- Reference cyan toner production examples 1 to 3 A reference colorant fine particle dispersion was obtained in the same manner as in Preparation Example 1 of the cyan colorant fine particle dispersion except that the colorant used in Production Example 1 of the low brightness cyan toner was changed to that shown in Table 1.
- a colored particle for reference was obtained in the same manner as in Cyan Colored Particle Preparation Example 1 except that the obtained reference colorant fine particle dispersion was used. Further, an external additive was added to the obtained colored particle.
- reference cyan toners hereinafter referred to as “reference toners (C-1) to (C-3)”) were obtained.
- the volume-based median diameter of the colorant fine particles in this yellow colorant fine particle dispersion (1) was measured and found to be 126 nm.
- a polymerization initiator solution in which parts were dissolved in 400 parts by mass of ion-exchanged water was added and the liquid temperature was raised to 75 ° C., then 532 parts by mass of styrene, 200 parts by mass of n-butyl acrylate, 68 parts by mass of methacrylic acid. And a monomer solution containing 16.4 parts by mass of n-octyl mercaptan was added dropwise over 1 hour, followed by heating and stirring at 75 ° C. for 2 hours. Performed if (first stage polymerization), the resin particle dispersion containing resin particles (1h) to (1H) was prepared.
- the weight average molecular weight of the obtained resin particles (1h) was 16,500.
- a surfactant aqueous solution in which 3 parts by mass of the anionic surfactant used in the first stage polymerization was dissolved in 1560 parts by mass of ion-exchanged water was charged and heated so that the internal temperature became 80 ° C.
- the emulsified particle dispersion containing emulsified particles (oil droplets) having a dispersed particle diameter of 340 nm is obtained by mixing and dispersing for 8 hours. Prepared.
- the obtained resin particles (1 hm) had a weight average molecular weight of 23,000.
- the weight average molecular weight of the obtained resin particles for core part (1) was 26800, and the glass transition temperature (Tg) was 28.1 ° C.
- the weight average molecular weight of the obtained resin particles for shell (1) was 16400, and the glass transition temperature (Tg) was 62.6 ° C.
- the mass average particle diameter of the resin particles for shell (1) in this resin particle dispersion was measured and found to be 95 nm.
- the average circularity of the obtained core part (2) was 0.912 when measured using “FPIA2100” (manufactured by Sysmex Corporation).
- the ripening treatment (shell formation) was stopped by adding 40.2 parts by mass of sodium chloride, and then cooled to 30 ° C. under conditions of 6 ° C./min.
- This is also called colored particles (hereinafter referred to as “yellow toner particles (Y-1)”) in which a shell is formed on the surface of the core portion by repeated washing with ion-exchanged water and drying with hot air at 45 ° C. )
- the shape and particle size of the yellow toner particles (Y-1) did not change with the addition of the external additive.
- Magnetica toner production example 1 (1) Preparation Example 1 of Magenta Colorant Fine Particle Dispersion A surfactant aqueous solution was prepared by stirring and dissolving 11.5 parts by mass of sodium n-dodecyl sulfate in 160 parts by mass of ion-exchanged water.
- the volume-based median diameter of the colorant fine particles in the magenta colorant fine particle dispersion (1) was measured and found to be 626 nm.
- the weight average molecular weight of the obtained resin particles (1h) was 16,500.
- a surfactant aqueous solution in which 3 parts by mass of the anionic surfactant used in the first stage polymerization was dissolved in 1560 parts by mass of ion-exchanged water was charged and heated so that the internal temperature became 80 ° C.
- the emulsified particle dispersion containing emulsified particles (oil droplets) having a dispersed particle diameter of 340 nm is obtained by mixing and dispersing for 8 hours. Prepared.
- the obtained resin particles (1 hm) had a weight average molecular weight of 23,000.
- the weight average molecular weight of the obtained resin particles for core part (1) was 26800, and the glass transition temperature (Tg) was 28.1 ° C.
- the weight average molecular weight of the obtained resin particles for shell (1) was 16400, and the glass transition temperature (Tg) was 62.6 ° C.
- the ripening treatment (shell formation) was stopped by adding 40.2 parts by mass of sodium chloride, and then cooled to 30 ° C. under conditions of 6 ° C./min. This is repeatedly washed with ion-exchanged water and dried with warm air at 45 ° C. to form colored particles (hereinafter also referred to as “magenta toner particles (M-1)”) in which a shell is formed on the surface of the core. )
- magenta cyan toner particles (M-1) were mixed with 0.6 parts by mass of hexamethylsilazane-treated silica (average primary particle size 12 nm) and n-octylsilane-treated titanium dioxide (average primary). (Particle size 24 nm) External additive consisting of 0.8 parts by mass was added, using a Henschel mixer (made by Mitsui Miike Mining Co., Ltd.), a stirring blade peripheral speed of 35 m / sec, a treatment temperature of 35 ° C., and a treatment time of 15 minutes. Then, a magenta toner (hereinafter referred to as “toner (M-1)”) was obtained by performing an external addition process.
- magenta toner particles (M-1) were not changed by the addition of the external additive.
- Magnetic toner production examples 2 and 3 A colorant fine particle dispersion was obtained in the same manner as in Preparation Example 1 of the magenta colorant fine particle dispersion except that the colorant used in Production Example 1 of the magenta toner was changed to that shown in Table 1.
- a colored particle was obtained in the same manner as in Preparation Example 1 of magenta colored particles except that the colorant fine particle dispersion was used. Further, an external addition treatment was performed on the obtained colored particles to obtain a magenta toner (hereinafter referred to as “magenta toner”). “Toners (M-1) and (M-2)” were obtained.
- the chromatograph uses a spectrophotometer “Gretag Macbeth Spectrolino” (manufactured by Gretag Macbeth), uses a D65 light source as a light source, and a ⁇ 4 mm reflective measurement aperture, and a measurement wavelength region of 380 to 730 nm at an interval of 10 nm. Calculated by the above formula (1) based on the value of a * and b * measured under the condition of a hue angle of h195 degrees under the measurement condition using a dedicated white tile for reference viewing with an angle of view of 2 ° did.
- CuPc is C.I. I. Pigment Blue 15: 3
- SiPc represents a compound of the chemical formula (2)
- CuPc dye is a C.I. I. Solvent blue 70 is shown
- chelate shows the compound of the chemical formula (4).
- Rhodamine dyes are C.I. I. Solvent Red 49
- “Rhodamine Pigment” is C.I. I. Pigment Red 81: 4 is shown.
- PY65 is C.I. I. Pigment Yellow 65
- PY74 indicates C.I. I. Pigment Yellow 74 is shown.
- PY36 is a C.I. I. Pigment Yellow 36
- PY139 is C.I. I. Pigment Yellow 139 is shown.
- the developer shown in Table 2 was applied to each of the four developing means of this image forming apparatus, and printed on a transfer paper “Japanese paper copy Daio” (manufactured by Ozu Sangyo Co., Ltd.).
- the color tone of the image printed on the transfer paper is visually confirmed, and when all of the eight color images are identified as “Excellent”, the number of identified images (number of colors) is 6 or more and 8
- the case where it was less than “Good” was evaluated as “Good”, and the case where the number of identified images (number of colors) was less than 6 was evaluated as “Poor”.
- the results are shown in Table 2.
- the eight green color codes used for the evaluation are YellowGreen (# 9ACD32), GreenYellow (# ADFF2F), Chartreuse (# 7FFF00), Time (# 00FF00), SpringGreen (# 00FF7F), MediumSpringGreen (# 00FF7F). 00FA9A), TimeGreen (# 32CD32), and MediumSeaGreen (# 3CB371).
- the seven blue-violet color codes used for the evaluation are # 7f00ff, # 7700ef, # 7000e0, # 6800d1, # 6000c1, # 5900b2, and # 5100a3.
- Examples 1 to 11 using two types of cyan toners satisfying the configuration of the present invention can obtain good color reproducibility, particularly green and dark colors. Good results were obtained in the color tone reproducibility of the blue-violet image. Also, good results were obtained with respect to gradation. Further, in Example 1 and Example 4, uneven gloss is caused by setting the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the softening points of the four types of toner constituting the developer used for image formation to be less than 4 ° C. In addition, it was confirmed that a good image without a sense of incongruity was obtained even when the image was slightly raised by the toner.
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Abstract
Description
少なくとも、イエロートナー、マゼンタトナー、及び、シアントナー(1)とシアントナー(2)を用いて、フルカラー画像を形成するフルカラー画像形成方法であって、
前記シアントナー(1)単独で形成されるトナー像は、
最大彩度C*の値が50以上であり、かつ、L*a*b*表色系で表される色空間における明度L*の値が30以上52以下のものであり、
前記シアントナー(2)単独で形成されるトナー像は、
最大彩度C*の値が50以上であり、かつ、L*a*b*表色系で表される色空間における明度L*値が58以上75以下のものであることを特徴とする。
少なくとも、イエロートナー、マゼンタトナー、下記条件(1)を満たす低明度シアントナーと、下記条件(2)を満たす高明度シアントナーとを用いるフルカラー画像形成方法ということもできる。すなわち、
条件(1):
低明度シアントナー単独で形成したトナー像において、最大彩度C*の値C*(c1)が50以上であり、L*a*b*で表される色空間における明度L*の値L*(c1)が30~52である。
高明度シアントナー単独で形成したトナー像において、最大彩度C*の値C*(c2)が50以上であり、L*a*b*で表される色空間における明度L*の値L*(c2)が58~75である。
イエロートナー単独で形成されたトナー像が、最大彩度C*の値が85以上であり、かつ、L*a*b*表色系で表される色空間における明度L*の値が70以上90以下のものであり、
マゼンタトナー単独で形成されたトナー像が、最大彩度C*の値が70以上であり、かつ、L*a*b*表色系で表される色空間における明度L*の値が20以上55以下のものであることが好ましい。
イエロートナーとして、単独で形成したトナー像において、最大彩度C*の値C*(y)が85以上であり、L*a*b*で表される色空間における明度L*の値L*(y)が70~90であるものを用い、
マゼンタトナーとして、単独で形成したトナー像において、最大彩度C*の値C*(m)が70以上であり、L*a*b*で表される色空間における明度L*の値L*(m)が20~55であるものを用いることが好ましいということもできる。
(a)潜像担持体表面の静電荷像を現像剤により現像してトナー像を形成する現像工程、
(b)現像工程において潜像担持体表面に形成されたトナー像を画像支持体に転写する転写工程、
(c)転写工程において画像支持体上に転写されたトナー像を画像支持体に定着する定着工程、
を少なくとも経ることによりフルカラー画像が形成されるものである。
最大彩度C*の値が50以上
L*a*b*表色系で表される色空間における明度L*の値が30以上52以下
シアントナー(2)単独で形成されたトナー像:
最大彩度C*の値が50以上
L*a*b*表色系で表される色空間における明度L*値が58以上75以下。
最大彩度C*の値が85以上
L*a*b*表色系で表される色空間における明度L*の値が70以上90以下
マゼンタトナー単独で形成されたトナー像:
最大彩度C*の値が70以上
L*a*b*表色系で表される色空間における明度L*の値が20以上55以下。
(1)樹脂を得る際に使用する重合性単量体の種類や組成比を調節する
(2)トナーの製造工程において、たとえば樹脂を得る過程で使用する連鎖移動剤の種類や使用量を調節する等して、樹脂の分子量を調整する
(3)離型剤等の構成材料の種類や使用量を調節する。
イエロートナーに使用可能な着色剤は、イエロートナー単独でトナー像を形成したとき、そのイエロートナー像の最大彩度C*が85以上であり、明度L*が70以上90以下となる条件を満たすものとなるよう、イエロー着色剤を選択的に用いることが好ましい。そして、イエロートナーを用いて形成される二次色の1つである緑色系のトナー画像の発色性を向上させる観点から、最大彩度C*が85以上であるときの明度L*が80以上90以下となる様にイエロー着色剤を選択的に用いることが更に好ましい。
〔グループX〕:
このグループXは、C.I.ピグメントイエロー3、C.I.ピグメントイエロー35、C.I.ピグメントイエロー65、C.I.ピグメントイエロー74、C.I.ピグメントイエロー98およびC.I.ピグメントイエロー111によって構成されている。
〔グループY〕:
このグループYは、C.I.ピグメントイエロー9、C.I.ピグメントイエロー36、C.I.ピグメントイエロー83、C.I.ピグメントイエロー110、C.I.ピグメントイエロー139、C.I.ピグメントイエロー181およびC.I.ピグメントイエロー153によって構成されている。
(1)シアン着色剤微粒子分散液の調製例1
n-ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム11.5質量部をイオン交換水160質量部に撹拌溶解することによって界面活性剤水溶液を調製した。この界面活性剤水溶液に、5質量部の銅フタロシアニン化合物よりなる着色剤C.I.ピグメントブルー15:3を徐々に添加し、次いで、「クレアミックスWモーションCLM-0.8」(エムテクニック社製)を用いて分散処理することにより、着色剤微粒子が分散された着色剤微粒子分散液(以下、「低明度シアン着色剤微粒子分散液(1)」とする。)を調製した。
(A)コア部用樹脂粒子の調製
(a)第1段重合(核粒子の形成)
撹拌装置、温度センサ、冷却管、窒素導入装置を取り付けた、容積5Lの反応容器に、ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム(C10H21(OCH2CH2)2SO3Na)よりなるアニオン系界面活性剤4質量部をイオン交換水3040質量部に溶解させた界面活性剤水溶液を仕込み、窒素気流下230rpmの撹拌速度で撹拌しながら、その内温を80℃に上昇させ、過硫酸カリウム(KPS)10質量部をイオン交換水400質量部に溶解させた重合開始剤溶液を添加し、液温を75℃に昇温させた後、スチレン532質量部、n-ブチルアクリレート200質量部、メタクリル酸68質量部およびn-オクチルメルカプタン16.4質量部よりなる重合性単量体溶液を1時間かけて滴下後、75℃にて2時間加熱、撹拌することにより重合(第1段重合)を行い、樹脂粒子(1h)を含有する樹脂粒子分散液(1H)を調製した。
撹拌装置を取り付けたフラスコ内に、スチレン101.1質量部、n-ブチルアクリレート62.2質量部、メタクリル酸12.3質量部およびn-オクチルメルカプタン1.75質量部からなる重合性単量体溶液を仕込み、その後パラフィンワックス「HNP-57」(日本製蝋社製)93.8質量部を添加し、内温を80℃に加温して溶解させることによって単量体溶液を調製した。
第2段重合において得られた樹脂粒子分散液(1HM)に、過硫酸カリウム5.45質量部をイオン交換水220質量部に溶解させた重合開始剤溶液を添加し、80℃の温度条件下に、スチレン293.8質量部、n-ブチルアクリレート154.1質量部およびn-オクチルメルカプタン7.08質量部からなる重合性単量体溶液を1時間かけて滴下した。滴下終了後、2時間にわたって加熱撹拌することにより重合(第3段重合)を行った後、28℃まで冷却しコア部用樹脂粒子(1)を含有する樹脂粒子分散液を得た。
前記第1段重合において、重合性単量体として、スチレン624質量部、ブチルアクリレート120質量部、メタアクリル酸56質量部およびn-オクチルメルカプタン16.4質量部を用いたこと以外は第1段重合と同様の手法により、重合を行い、これにより、シェル用樹脂粒子(1)を得た。
(a)コア部の形成
撹拌装置、温度センサ、冷却管、窒素導入装置を取り付けた反応容器に、コア部用樹脂粒子(1)420.7質量部、イオン交換水900質量部および低明度シアン着色剤微粒子分散液(1)200質量部を仕込んで撹拌し、内温が30℃となるよう調整した後、濃度5モル/リットルの水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を添加することによってpHを10に調整した。
コア部含有液(1)を65℃に調整した後、シェル用樹脂粒子(1)96質量部を添加し、更に、塩化マグネシウム6水和物2質量部をイオン交換水1000質量部に溶解した水溶液を10分間かけて添加し、70℃にまで昇温して1時間にわたって撹拌することにより、コア部(1)の表面にシェル用樹脂粒子(1)を融着させた後、液温度75℃にて20分間にわたって熟成処理を行なうことにより、シェルを形成した。
得られた低明度シアントナー粒子(CA-1)に、ヘキサメチルシラザン処理したシリカ(平均一次粒径12nm)0.6質量部およびn-オクチルシラン処理した二酸化チタン(平均一次粒径24nm)0.8質量部よりなる外添剤を添加し、ヘンシェルミキサ(三井三池鉱業社製)を用い、撹拌羽の周速35m/秒、処理温度35℃、処理時間15分間の条件で混合する外添処理を行なうことにより、低明度シアントナー(以下、「トナー(CA-1)」とする。)を得た。
低明度シアントナーの製造例1において、用いる着色剤を表1に示したものに変更したこと以外はシアン着色剤微粒子分散液の調製例1と同様にして着色剤微粒子分散液を得、この得られた着色剤微粒子分散液を用いたこと以外はシアン着色粒子の調製例1と同様にして着色粒子を得、更にこの得られた着色粒子に対して外添処理を施すことにより、低明度シアントナー(以下、各々、「トナー(CA-2)~(CA-6)」とする。)を得た。
低明度シアントナーの製造例1において、用いる着色剤を表1に示したものに変更したこと以外はシアン着色剤微粒子分散液の調製例1と同様にして着色剤微粒子分散液を得、この得られた着色剤微粒子分散液を用いたこと以外はシアン着色粒子の調製例1と同様にして着色粒子を得、更にこの得られた着色粒子に対して外添処理を施すことにより、高明度シアントナー(以下、各々、「トナー(CB-1)~(CB-6)」とする。)を得た。
低明度シアントナーの製造例1において、用いる着色剤を表1に示したものに変更したこと以外はシアン着色剤微粒子分散液の調整例1と同様にして参照用の着色剤微粒子分散液を得、この得られた参照用の着色剤微粒子分散液を用いたこと以外はシアン着色粒子の調製例1と同様にして参照用の着色粒子を得、更にこの得られた着色粒子に対して外添処理を施すことにより、参照用のシアントナー(以下、各々、「参照用トナー(C-1)~(C-3)」とする。)を得た。
(1)イエロー着色剤微粒子分散液の調製例1
n-ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム11.5質量部をイオン交換水160質量部に撹拌溶解することによって界面活性剤水溶液を調製した。この界面活性剤水溶液に、着色剤として、C.I.ピグメントイエロー65及びC.I.ピグメントイエロー36の混合物(質量比PY65:PY36=95:5(PY=C.I.ピグメントイエロー))5質量部を徐々に添加し、次いで、「クレアミックスWモーションCLM-0.8」(エムテクニック社製)を用いて分散処理することにより、着色剤微粒子が分散された着色剤微粒子分散液(以下、「イエロー着色剤微粒子分散液(1)」とする。)を調製した。
(A)コア部用樹脂粒子の調製
(a)第1段重合(核粒子の形成)
撹拌装置、温度センサ、冷却管、窒素導入装置を取り付けた、容積5Lの反応容器に、ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム(C10H21(OCH2CH2)2SO3Na)よりなるアニオン系界面活性剤4質量部をイオン交換水3040質量部に溶解させた界面活性剤水溶液を仕込み、窒素気流下230rpmの撹拌速度で撹拌しながら、その内温を80℃に上昇させ、過硫酸カリウム(KPS)10質量部をイオン交換水400質量部に溶解させた重合開始剤溶液を添加し、液温を75℃に昇温させた後、スチレン532質量部、n-ブチルアクリレート200質量部、メタクリル酸68質量部およびn-オクチルメルカプタン16.4質量部よりなる重合性単量体溶液を1時間かけて滴下後、75℃にて2時間加熱、撹拌することにより重合(第1段重合)を行い、樹脂粒子(1h)を含有する樹脂粒子分散液(1H)を調製した。
撹拌装置を取り付けたフラスコ内に、スチレン101.1質量部、n-ブチルアクリレート62.2質量部、メタクリル酸12.3質量部およびn-オクチルメルカプタン1.75質量部からなる重合性単量体溶液を仕込み、その後パラフィンワックス「HNP-57」(日本製蝋社製)93.8質量部を添加し、内温を80℃に加温して溶解させることによって単量体溶液を調製した。
第2段重合において得られた樹脂粒子分散液(1HM)に、過硫酸カリウム5.45質量部をイオン交換水220質量部に溶解させた重合開始剤溶液を添加し、80℃の温度条件下に、スチレン293.8質量部、n-ブチルアクリレート154.1質量部およびn-オクチルメルカプタン7.08質量部からなる重合性単量体溶液を1時間かけて滴下した。滴下終了後、2時間にわたって加熱撹拌することにより重合(第3段重合)を行った後、28℃まで冷却しコア部用樹脂粒子(1)を含有する樹脂粒子分散液を得た。
前記の第1段重合において、重合性単量体として、スチレン624質量部、ブチルアクリレート120質量部、メアクリル酸56質量部およびn-オクチルメルカプタン16.4質量部を用いたこと以外は第1段重合と同様の手法により、重合を行い、これにより、シェル用樹脂粒子(1)を得た。
(a)コア部の形成
撹拌装置、温度センサ、冷却管、窒素導入装置を取り付けた反応容器に、コア部用樹脂粒子(1)420.7質量部、イオン交換水900質量部およびイエロー着色剤微粒子分散液(1)200質量部を仕込んで撹拌し、内温が30℃となるよう調整した後、濃度5モル/リットルの水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を添加することによってpHを10に調整した。
コア部含有液(2)を65℃に調整した後、シェル用樹脂粒子(1)96質量部を添加し、更に、塩化マグネシウム6水和物2質量部をイオン交換水1000質量部に溶解した水溶液を10分間かけて添加し、70℃にまで昇温して1時間にわたって撹拌することにより、コア部(2)の表面にシェル用樹脂粒子(1)を融着させた後、液温度75℃にて20分間にわたって熟成処理を行なうことにより、シェルを形成した。
得られたイエロートナー粒子(Y-1)に、ヘキサメチルシラザン処理したシリカ(平均一次粒径12nm)0.6質量部およびn-オクチルシラン処理した二酸化チタン(平均一次粒径24nm)0.8質量部よりなる外添剤を添加し、ヘンシェルミキサ(三井三池鉱業社製)を用い、撹拌羽の周速35m/秒、処理温度35℃、処理時間15分間の条件で混合する外添処理を行なうことにより、イエロートナー(以下、「トナー(Y-1)」とする。)を得た。
イエロートナーの製造例1において、用いる着色剤を表1に示したものに変更したこと以外はイエロー着色剤微粒子分散液の調整例1と同様にして着色剤微粒子分散液を得、この得られた着色剤微粒子分散液を用いたこと以外はイエロー着色粒子の調製例1と同様にして着色粒子を得、更にこの得られた着色粒子に対して外添処理を施すことにより、イエロートナー(以下、各々、「トナー(Y-1)および(Y-2)」とする。)を得た。
(1)マゼンタ着色剤微粒子分散液の調製例1
n-ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム11.5質量部をイオン交換水160質量部に撹拌溶解することによって界面活性剤水溶液を調製した。この界面活性剤水溶液に、前記化学式(4)で表されるキレート化合物よりなる着色剤7質量部を徐々に添加し、次いで、「クレアミックスWモーションCLM-0.8」(エムテクニック社製)を用いて分散処理することにより、着色剤微粒子が分散された着色剤微粒子分散液(以下、「マゼンタ着色剤微粒子分散液(1)」とする。)を調製した。
(A)コア部用樹脂粒子の調製
(a)第1段重合(核粒子の形成)
撹拌装置、温度センサ、冷却管、窒素導入装置を取り付けた、容積5Lの反応容器に、ドデシル硫酸ナトリウムよりなるアニオン系界面活性剤4質量部をイオン交換水3040質量部に溶解させた界面活性剤水溶液を仕込み、窒素気流下230rpmの撹拌速度で撹拌しながら、その内温を80℃に上昇させ、過硫酸カリウム(KPS)10質量部をイオン交換水400質量部に溶解させた重合開始剤溶液を添加し、液温を75℃に昇温させた後、スチレン532質量部、n-ブチルアクリレート200質量部、メタクリル酸68質量部およびn-オクチルメルカプタン16.4質量部よりなる重合性単量体溶液を1時間かけて滴下後、75℃にて2時間加熱、撹拌することにより重合(第1段重合)を行い、樹脂粒子(1h)を含有する樹脂粒子分散液(1H)を調製した。
撹拌装置を取り付けたフラスコ内に、スチレン101.1質量部、n-ブチルアクリレート62.2質量部、メタクリル酸12.3質量部およびn-オクチルメルカプタン1.75質量部からなる重合性単量体溶液を仕込み、その後パラフィンワックス「HNP-57」(日本製蝋社製)93.8質量部を添加し、内温を80℃に加温して溶解させることによって単量体溶液を調製した。
第2段重合において得られた樹脂粒子分散液(1HM)に、過硫酸カリウム5.45質量部をイオン交換水220質量部に溶解させた重合開始剤溶液を添加し、80℃の温度条件下に、スチレン293.8質量部、n-ブチルアクリレート154.1質量部およびn-オクチルメルカプタン7.08質量部からなる重合性単量体溶液を1時間かけて滴下した。滴下終了後、2時間にわたって加熱撹拌することにより重合(第3段重合)を行った後、28℃まで冷却しコア部用樹脂粒子(1)を含有する樹脂粒子分散液を得た。
前記の第1段重合において、重合性単量体として、スチレン624質量部、ブチルアクリレート120質量部、メアクリル酸56質量部およびn-オクチルメルカプタン16.4質量部を用いたこと以外は第1段重合と同様の手法により、重合を行い、これにより、シェル用樹脂粒子(1)を得た。
(C)マゼンタ着色粒子の調製
(a)コア部の形成
撹拌装置、温度センサ、冷却管、窒素導入装置を取り付けた反応容器に、コア部用樹脂粒子(1)420.7質量部、イオン交換水900質量部およびマゼンタ着色剤微粒子分散液(1)200質量部を仕込んで撹拌し、内温が30℃となるよう調整した後、濃度5モル/リットルの水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を添加することによってpHを10に調整した。
コア部含有液(3)を65℃に調整した後、シェル用樹脂粒子(1)96質量部を添加し、更に、塩化マグネシウム6水和物2質量部をイオン交換水1000質量部に溶解した水溶液を10分間かけて添加し、70℃にまで昇温して1時間にわたって撹拌することにより、コア部(3)の表面にシェル用樹脂粒子(1)を融着させた後、液温度75℃にて20分間にわたって熟成処理を行なうことにより、シェルを形成した。
得られたマゼンタシアントナー粒子(M-1)に、ヘキサメチルシラザン処理したシリカ(平均一次粒径12nm)0.6質量部およびn-オクチルシラン処理した二酸化チタン(平均一次粒径24nm)0.8質量部よりなる外添剤を添加し、ヘンシェルミキサ(三井三池鉱業社製)を用い、撹拌羽の周速35m/秒、処理温度35℃、処理時間15分間の条件で混合する外添処理を行なうことにより、マゼンタトナー(以下、「トナー(M-1)」とする。)を得た。
マゼンタトナーの製造例1において、用いる着色剤を表1に示したものに変更したこと以外はマゼンタ着色剤微粒子分散液の調製例1と同様にして着色剤微粒子分散液を得、この得られた着色剤微粒子分散液を用いたこと以外はマゼンタ着色粒子の調製例1と同様にして着色粒子を得、更にこの得られた着色粒子に対して外添処理を施すことにより、マゼンタトナー(以下、各々、「トナー(M-1)および(M-2)」とする。)を得た。
得られた各トナーの軟化点温度は、「フローテスターCFT-500」(島津製作所社製)を用い、前述した方法で測定した。結果を表1に示す。
(1)シアントナーの最大彩度の測定
市販の電子写真式カラー画像形成装置「bizhub PRO C6500」(コニカミノルタビジネステクノロジーズ社製)を用い、「ECI 2002画像データ」およびシアン色の階調評価パッチに基づく画像を、坪量128g/m2、明度93の転写紙「POD グロスコート」(王子製紙社製)上に形成し、この転写紙上のトナー付着量と、彩度の関係を確認した。そして、その関係に基づき、特定トナー付着量または最大トナー付着量における彩度を最大彩度とした。結果を表1に示す。
(2)イエロートナーの最大彩度の測定
前記シアントナーの最大彩度の測定において、シアン色の階調評価バッチに代えてイエロー色の階調評価パッチを用い、また色相角hの条件を195度から75度に変更したこと以外は当該シアントナーの最大彩度の測定と同様の手法によって最大彩度を算出した。結果を表1に示す。
前記シアントナーの最大彩度の測定において、シアン色の階調評価バッチに代えてマゼンタ色の階調評価パッチを用い、また色相角hの条件を195度から315度に変更したこと以外は当該シアントナーの最大彩度の測定と同様の手法によって最大彩度を算出した。結果を表1に示す。
分光光度計「Gretag Macbeth Spectrolino」(Gretag Macbeth社製)を用い、光源にD65光源、反射測定アパーチャにφ4mmのものを使用し、測定波長域380~730nmを10nm間隔、視野角(observer)を2°、基準合わせに専用白タイルを用いる測定条件によって測定した。結果を表1に示す。
上述した各色階調評価バッチの階調段差を目視観察し、
全ての階調段差の識別が可能なものを「◎」、
ベタ画像パッチと隣接する高濃度パッチの識別のみできず、他は識別できたものを「○」、
上記以外のものを「×」として、階調性を評価した。
トナー(CA-1)~(M-3)及び参照用トナー(C-1)~(C-3)の各々に、シリコーン樹脂を被覆した体積平均粒径60μmのフェライトキャリアを、前記トナーの濃度が6質量%となるよう混合することにより、現像剤(CA-1)~(M-3)及び参照用現像剤(1)~(3)を得た。
得られた現像剤(CA-1)~(M-3)及び参照用現像剤(1)~(3)を、下記表2に示すように組み合わせて用いて画像を形成することにより、下記の評価を行った。
ホームページ上に掲載されている会社のロゴマークのうちの、水色系ロゴマーク(ライトブルーロゴマーク)、青色系ロゴマーク(ダークブルーロゴマーク)および緑色系ロゴマークの各々50個を、コンピュータのディスプレイ上に表示し、図1に示す画像形成装置を用い、この画像形成装置の4個の現像手段の各々に対して表2に示す現像剤を適用し、転写紙「和紙コピー大王」(小津産業社製)にプリントした。この転写紙上にプリントされたロゴマークと、ディスプレイに表示されているロゴマークとを比較し、転写紙上に違和感なくロゴマークの色が再現されているか否かを、10~70代のパネラー100人に確認してもらい、「再現されている」と確認したパネラーの人数が、90人以上である場合を優良として「◎」、80人以上であって90人未満である場合を良好として「○」、60人以上であって80人未満である場合を実用可能として「△」、60人未満である場合を不良として「×」と評価した。結果を表2に示す。
・「iMac」(アップルコンピュータ株式会社)
・24インチワイドスクリーンLCD
・解像度1920×1200ピクセル
・2.16GHz Intel Core 2 Duo プロセッサ1
・4MB共有L2キャッシュ
・1GBメモリ(2×512MB SO-DIMM)
・250GBシリアルATAハードドライブ2
・8x 二層式 SuperDrive (DVD+R DL、DVD±RW、CD-RW)
・NVIDIA GeForce 7300 GT 128MB GDDR3 メモリ
・AirMac ExtremeおよびBluetooth 2.0内蔵
・Apple Remote
(色調再現性評価)
(1)緑色系カラーコードの色調再現性評価
前記の色再現性評価において用いたコンピュータのディスプレイ上に、下記の8色の緑色系カラーコードのパッチ画像を出力し、図1に示す画像形成装置を用い、この画像形成装置の4個の現像手段の各々に対して表2に示す現像剤を適用し、転写紙「和紙コピー大王」(小津産業社製)にプリントした。この転写紙上にプリントされた画像の色調を目視にて確認し、8色の画像のいずれもが識別された場合を優良として「◎」、識別された画像数(色数)が6以上で8未満である場合を良好として「○」、識別された画像数(色数)が6未満である場合を不良として「×」と評価した。結果を表2に示す。
前記の色再現性評価において用いたコンピュータのディスプレイ上に、下記の7色の青紫色系カラーコードのパッチ画像を出力し、図1に示す画像形成装置を用い、この画像形成装置の4個の現像手段の各々に対して表2に示す現像剤を適用し、転写紙「和紙コピー大王」(小津産業社製)にプリントした。この転写紙上にプリントされた画像の色調を目視にて確認し、7色の画像のいずれもが識別された場合を優良として「◎」、識別された画像数(色数)が5以上で7未満である場合を良好として「○」、識別された画像数(色数)が5未満である場合を不良として「×」と評価した。結果を表2に示す。
日本画像学会第一部会発行の「日本画像学会テストチャートNo.3」におけるサンプル番号5-1(カラー連続調ポートレートとカラー階調バッチ)を、図1に示す画像形成装置を用い、この画像形成装置の4個の現像手段の各々に対して表2に示す現像剤を適用し、転写紙「和紙コピー大王」(小津産業社製)にプリントした。この転写紙上にプリントされた画像を目視および20倍のルーペで観察し、目視による観察によって粒状性を全く感じさせず、かつ20倍のルーペによる観察によってドット間にチリの原因となるトナー粒子が確認されなかった場合を「◎」、目視による観察によって注視することによりかすかな粒状性を感じる、もしくは、20倍のルーペによる観察によってドット間にチリの原因となるトナー粒子が1~3個確認された場合を「○」、目視による観察によって「○」の評価をすべき画像に比してガサツキ感を感じる、もしくは、20倍のルーペによる観察によってドット間にチリの原因となるトナー粒子が計数困難なほど存在する場合を「×」と評価した。結果を表2に示す。
上記手順により作製したプリント画像上のカラー階調バッチの階調段差を目視観察し、
全ての階調段差の識別が可能なものを「◎」、
ベタ画像パッチと隣接する高濃度パッチの識別のみできず、他は識別できたものを「○」、
上記以外のものを「×」として、階調性を評価した。結果を表2に示す。
11 画像読取部
12 プリンタ部
21 画像読取ユニット
22 給紙カセット
23 給紙ローラ
25 排紙ローラ
26 画像支持体搬送ベルト
26A、26B 支持ローラ
27 排紙トレイ
29 定着装置
30(30Y、301C、302C、30M、30K) 画像形成ユニット
31Y 感光体
32Y 帯電手段
33 露光装置
34Y 現像装置
37Y 転写手段
38Y クリーニング手段
Claims (3)
- 少なくとも、イエロートナー、マゼンタトナー、及び、シアントナー(1)とシアントナー(2)を用いて、フルカラー画像を形成するフルカラー画像形成方法であって、
前記シアントナー(1)単独で形成されるトナー像は、
最大彩度C*の値が50以上であり、かつ、L*a*b*表色系で表される色空間における明度L*の値が30以上52以下のものであり、
前記シアントナー(2)単独で形成されるトナー像は、
最大彩度C*の値が50以上であり、かつ、L*a*b*表色系で表される色空間における明度L*値が58以上75以下のものであることを特徴とするフルカラー画像形成方法。 - 前記イエロートナー単独で形成されたトナー像は、
最大彩度C*の値が85以上であり、かつ、L*a*b*表色系で表される色空間における明度L*の値が70以上90以下のものであり、
前記マゼンタトナー単独で形成されたトナー像は、
最大彩度C*の値が70以上であり、かつ、L*a*b*表色系で表される色空間における明度L*の値が20以上55以下のものであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のフルカラー画像形成方法。 - 前記フルカラー画像形成方法に使用されるイエロートナー、マゼンタトナー、シアントナー(1)及び、シアントナー(2)は、
いずれも軟化点が75℃以上115℃以下であり、
これら4種類のトナーの軟化点の最大値と最小値の差が4℃未満の範囲内にあることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のフルカラー画像形成方法。
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