WO2009153876A1 - 反射型光変調装置 - Google Patents
反射型光変調装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009153876A1 WO2009153876A1 PCT/JP2008/061252 JP2008061252W WO2009153876A1 WO 2009153876 A1 WO2009153876 A1 WO 2009153876A1 JP 2008061252 W JP2008061252 W JP 2008061252W WO 2009153876 A1 WO2009153876 A1 WO 2009153876A1
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- refractive index
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- multilayer film
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133553—Reflecting elements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a reflection type light modulation device.
- a reflection type liquid crystal (LCoS (registered trademark): Liquid crystal on silicon) device As a reflection type light modulation device, a reflection type liquid crystal (LCoS (registered trademark): Liquid crystal on silicon) device is known.
- the reflective liquid crystal device includes a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged two-dimensionally, a conductive light transmission layer, and a liquid crystal layer (light modulation layer) disposed between the plurality of pixel electrodes and the conductive light transmission layer.
- an electric field is formed between any pixel electrode and the conductive light transmitting layer to cause a modulation effect on the liquid crystal layer.
- a dielectric multilayer film is provided between the liquid crystal layer and the plurality of pixel electrodes in order to increase the light reflectance and obtain a light image with higher brightness.
- Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose a liquid crystal light valve (LCLV) having a reflective liquid crystal structure.
- the dielectric multilayer film described in Non-Patent Document 1 is formed by alternately laminating a plurality of Si layers and SiO 2 layers having an optical film thickness of ⁇ / 4 ( ⁇ : wavelength of incident light).
- the dielectric multilayer film described in Non-Patent Document 2 is formed by alternately laminating a plurality of TiO 2 layers and SiO 2 layers having an optical film thickness of ⁇ / 4.
- U. Efron et al. “Silicon liquid crystal light valves: status and issues”, Optical Engineering, November, December 1983, Vol.22, No.6, pp.682-686 (1983)
- A. Jacobson et al. “A real-time optical data processing device”, Information Display, Vol. 12, September 1975, PP.17-22 (1975)
- a dielectric multilayer film laminated on the surface of a glass substrate or the like is used in a conventional reflective liquid crystal device. And by increasing the number of layers, a high reflectance of over 99% is obtained. For example, in order to obtain 99% or more reflectivity at the dielectric multilayer film on the glass substrate, 13 layers with TiO 2 / SiO 2, and requires 19 layers with HfO 2 / SiO 2, reflectivity 99.8% or more to obtain the 17 layers with TiO 2 / SiO 2, it requires a 25-layer with HfO 2 / SiO 2.
- the dielectric multilayer film is disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the pixel electrode, the electric field formed between the pixel electrode and the conductive light transmission layer is applied not only to the liquid crystal layer but also to the dielectric multilayer film. Is done. If the number of dielectric multilayer films increases, the thickness (physical film thickness) of the dielectric multilayer films increases and the ratio of the electric field applied to the dielectric multilayer films increases, so the electric field applied to the liquid crystal layer Efficiency will decrease.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and provides a reflection type light modulation device including a dielectric multilayer film capable of realizing a high reflectance while suppressing a decrease in electric field application efficiency to the light modulation layer. For the purpose.
- a reflection type light modulation device modulates light for each of a plurality of pixels arranged two-dimensionally and outputs a light image forward while reflecting light incident from the front.
- a reflective light modulation device comprising: a conductive light transmission layer including a conductive material that transmits light; a plurality of metal pixel electrodes that are two-dimensionally arranged along the conductive light transmission layer; A light modulation layer that is disposed between the pixel electrode and the conductive light transmission layer and modulates light according to an electric field formed by each pixel electrode and the conductive light transmission layer, and is formed on the plurality of pixel electrodes.
- a dielectric multilayer film formed on a glass substrate is used.
- the dielectric multilayer film is formed on the plurality of metal pixel electrodes.
- the high reflectance of a metal surface can be utilized.
- the present inventors first formed a low refractive index layer (first layer) on the metal surface, and then formed a high refractive index layer (second layer).
- the reflection type light modulation device described above the physical film thickness of the dielectric multilayer film can be made thinner than before, and the reduction in the electric field application efficiency to the light modulation layer can be suppressed, and a sufficiently high reflectance can be obtained. This can be realized to increase the light extraction efficiency.
- the reflection-type light modulation device is a reflection-type light modulation device that modulates light for each of a plurality of two-dimensionally arranged pixels and outputs a light image forward while reflecting light incident from the front.
- a conductive light-transmitting layer including a conductive material that transmits light, a plurality of metal pixel electrodes that are two-dimensionally arranged along the conductive light-transmitting layer, and the plurality of pixel electrodes and the conductive light transmitting layer.
- a light modulation layer that is disposed between the pixel electrodes and modulates light according to an electric field formed by each pixel electrode and the conductive light transmission layer, and a dielectric multilayer film formed on the plurality of pixel electrodes.
- the dielectric multilayer film includes a third layer in contact with the pixel electrode, a first layer having a refractive index lower than that of the third layer and in contact with the third layer, and a refractive index higher than that of the first layer.
- the optical thickness of the third layer is ( ⁇ / 2) ⁇ n (n is odd), where ⁇ is the wavelength of light. ) And wherein the substantially equal.
- the optical film thickness of the third layer is substantially ⁇ / 2 ⁇ n (n is an odd number). By making them equal, the influence on the reflectance can be made extremely small. Therefore, by forming a dielectric multilayer film starting from the low refractive index layer (first layer) on the third layer, it is possible to realize substantially the same reflection characteristics as those of the reflection type light modulation device described above. it can.
- the reflection type light modulation device of the present invention it is possible to increase the light extraction efficiency while suppressing a decrease in the electric field application efficiency to the light modulation layer.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a configuration of a reflective liquid crystal device as an embodiment of a reflective light modulation device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II of the reflective liquid crystal device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged side sectional view showing the configuration of the dielectric multilayer film.
- FIG. 4 is a side sectional view showing a configuration of a modification of the dielectric multilayer film.
- 5A shows a mode in which (a) the first layer in contact with the aluminum substrate is a low refractive index film (SiO 2 ), and (b) the first layer in contact with the aluminum substrate is a high refractive index film (TiO 2 ). It is a figure which shows the form to do.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the spectral reflectance when the dielectric multilayer film is not provided on the surface of the aluminum substrate.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the spectral reflectance in each case where the number of laminated multilayer dielectric films is 2, 4, 6, and 10 in the embodiment shown in FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the spectral reflectance in each case where the number of layers is 4, 6, 10, and 14 in the embodiment shown in FIG.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the spectral reflectance in each case where the number of laminated multilayer dielectric films is 3, 5, 7, and 9 in the form shown in FIG. 5B.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing the spectral reflectance in each case where the number of layers is 5, 9, 15 and 21 in the form shown in FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 11 is a graph showing spectral reflectance characteristics when a SiO 2 film is provided on the surface of an aluminum substrate with various optical film thicknesses nd (50 [nm], 150 [nm], and 250 [nm]). is there.
- 12A and 12B are diagrams showing a form in which (a) a layer in contact with the protective film is a low refractive index film (SiO 2 ), and (b) a form in which a layer in contact with the protective film is a high refractive index film (TiO 2 ). is there.
- FIG. 13 is a graph showing the spectral reflectance when the optical film thickness of the protective film is 150 [nm] and the six-layer dielectric multilayer film is provided in the form shown in FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 14 is a graph showing the spectral reflectance when the protective film has an optical film thickness of 150 [nm] and a five-layer dielectric multilayer film is provided in the form shown in FIG.
- FIG. 15 shows a case where the optical film thickness of the protective film is 50 [nm] and the optical film thickness of the upper layer is 150 [nm] in the configuration shown in FIG. It is a graph which shows the spectral reflectance of the case where the optical film thickness of a certain low refractive index layer is 200 [nm].
- FIG. 16 shows a case where the optical film thickness of the protective film is 50 [nm] in the form shown in FIG. 12B (that is, the optical film thickness of the low refractive index layer as the first layer is 50 [nm].
- FIG. 17 shows a case where the optical film thickness of the protective film is 250 [nm] and the optical film thickness of the upper layer is 150 [nm] in the embodiment shown in FIG. It is a graph which shows the spectral reflectance of the case where the optical film thickness of a certain low refractive index layer is 400 [nm].
- FIG. 18 shows a case where the optical film thickness of the protective film is 250 [nm] in the form shown in FIG. 12B (that is, the optical film thickness of the low refractive index layer which is the first layer is 250 [nm].
- FIG. 17 shows a case where the optical film thickness of the protective film is 250 [nm] and the optical film thickness of the upper layer is 150 [nm] in the embodiment shown in FIG. It is a graph which shows the spectral reflectance of the case where the optical film thickness of a certain low refractive index layer is 400 [nm].
- FIG. 18 shows a case where the optical film thickness of the
- FIG. 19 shows (a) a form in which the layer in contact with the protective film (MgF 2 ) is a low refractive index film (SiO 2 ), and (b) a form in which the layer in contact with the protective film is a high refractive index film (TiO 2 ).
- FIG. FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating a state in which light L is incident on the dielectric multilayer film from an oblique direction.
- FIG. 21 is a graph showing an example of the reflectance of the dielectric multilayer film with respect to the P-polarized component and the S-polarized component, and shows a case where a low refractive index layer (SiO 2 ) is disposed as the first layer on the aluminum substrate. ing.
- FIG. 22 is a graph showing an example of the reflectance of the dielectric multilayer film with respect to the P-polarized component and the S-polarized component, and shows a case where a high refractive index layer (TiO 2 ) is disposed as the first layer on the aluminum substrate.
- FIG. 23 is a graph showing the spectral reflection characteristics of the Nb 2 O 5 / SiO 2 dielectric multilayer film, and a low refractive index layer (SiO 2 , optical film thickness 150 [nm]) as the first layer on the aluminum substrate. It shows the case where is arranged.
- FIG. 24 is a graph showing the spectral reflection characteristics in the Nb 2 O 5 / SiO 2 dielectric multilayer film, and a high refractive index layer (Nb 2 O 5 , optical film thickness 150 [nm] as the first layer on the aluminum substrate. ]) Is arranged.
- FIG. 25 is a graph showing the measurement results of the spectral reflectance of the aluminum mirror.
- FIG. 26 shows the result of measuring the reflectivity of the dielectric multilayer film formed on the aluminum mirror (solid line) in the case where the low refractive index layer (SiO 2 ) is disposed as the first layer in contact with the aluminum mirror, and this It is a graph which shows the calculation result (broken line) of the reflectance of a dielectric multilayer.
- SYMBOLS 1 Reflective type liquid crystal device, 4 ... Pixel, 12 ... Silicon substrate, 14 ... Drive circuit layer, 16 ... Pixel electrode, 18, 28, 52 ... Dielectric multilayer film, 18a-18d, 28a-28d ... Low refractive index layer , 18e to 18h, 28e to 28h: high refractive index layer, 20 ... liquid crystal layer, 22 ... transparent conductive film, 24 ... transparent substrate, 30 ... aluminum substrate, 36, 46 ... protective film, 281 ... lower layer, 282 ... upper layer.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a configuration of a reflective liquid crystal device as an embodiment of a reflective light modulation device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view taken along line II-II of the reflective liquid crystal device shown in FIG. In FIGS. 1 and 2, an XYZ orthogonal coordinate system is shown for ease of explanation.
- the reflective liquid crystal device 1 according to the present embodiment includes a plurality of pixels 4 that are two-dimensionally arranged along two axes (X axis and Y axis) orthogonal to each other as shown in FIG.
- the reflective liquid crystal device 1 is a device that outputs an arbitrary light image forward by modulating incident light for each pixel 4 while reflecting light incident from the front (Z-axis positive direction).
- the reflective liquid crystal device 1 includes a silicon substrate 12, a drive circuit layer 14, a plurality of pixel electrodes 16, a dielectric multilayer film 18, a liquid crystal layer 20, a transparent conductive film 22, and a transparent substrate 24. Yes.
- the transparent substrate 24 has a surface 24 a along the XY plane, and the surface 24 a constitutes the surface 10 a of the reflective liquid crystal device 1.
- the transparent substrate 24 mainly includes a light transmissive material such as glass, and transmits light L having a predetermined wavelength incident from the surface 10 a of the reflective liquid crystal device 1 into the reflective liquid crystal device 1.
- the transparent conductive film 22 is a conductive light transmission layer in the present embodiment.
- the transparent conductive film 22 is formed on the back surface 24b of the transparent substrate 24, and mainly includes a conductive material (for example, ITO) that transmits the light L.
- the plurality of pixel electrodes 16 are two-dimensionally arranged according to the arrangement of the plurality of pixels 4 shown in FIG. 1, and are arranged on the silicon substrate 12 along the transparent conductive film 22.
- Each pixel electrode 16 is made of a metal material such as aluminum, and the surface 16a thereof is processed flat and smoothly.
- the plurality of pixel electrodes 16 are driven by an active matrix circuit provided in the drive circuit layer 14.
- the active matrix circuit is provided between the plurality of pixel electrodes 16 and the silicon substrate 12, and controls the voltage applied to each pixel electrode 16 according to the optical image to be output from the reflective liquid crystal device 1.
- Such an active matrix circuit includes, for example, a first driver circuit that controls the applied voltage of each pixel column arranged in the X-axis direction and a second driver circuit that controls the applied voltage of each pixel column arranged in the Y-axis direction.
- the driver circuit is configured such that a predetermined voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 16 of the pixel 4 designated by both driver circuits.
- the liquid crystal layer 20 is a light modulation layer in the present embodiment.
- the liquid crystal layer 20 is disposed between the plurality of pixel electrodes 16 and the transparent conductive film 22, and modulates the light L according to the electric field formed by each pixel electrode 16 and the transparent conductive film 22. That is, when a voltage is applied to a certain pixel electrode 16 by the active matrix circuit, an electric field is formed between the transparent conductive film 22 and the pixel electrode 16. This electric field is applied to each of the dielectric multilayer film 18 and the liquid crystal layer 20 at a ratio corresponding to the thickness of each. Then, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 20 a changes according to the magnitude of the electric field applied to the liquid crystal layer 20.
- the light L passes through the transparent substrate 24 and the transparent conductive film 22 and enters the liquid crystal layer 20, the light L is modulated by the liquid crystal molecules 20 a while passing through the liquid crystal layer 20 and reflected by the dielectric multilayer film 18. Then, the light is again modulated by the liquid crystal layer 20 and taken out.
- the dielectric multilayer film 18 is disposed between the plurality of pixel electrodes 16 and the liquid crystal layer 20.
- the dielectric multilayer film 18 of the present embodiment is directly formed on the surfaces 16 a of the plurality of pixel electrodes 16.
- the dielectric multilayer film 18 reflects the light L with a high reflectance of, for example, more than 99%, in cooperation with the light reflecting action of the surface 16a of the pixel electrode 16.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged side sectional view showing the configuration of the dielectric multilayer film 18.
- the dielectric multilayer film 18 has a plurality of low refractive index layers 18a to 18d including a layer 18a (first layer) in contact with the pixel electrode 16, and a refractive index higher than that of the low refractive index layer 18a.
- a plurality of high refractive index layers 18e to 18h including a layer 18e (second layer) in contact with the low refractive index layer 18a.
- the low refractive index layers 18 a to 18 d and the high refractive index layers 18 e to 18 h are alternately stacked on the pixel electrode 16.
- Examples of the constituent material of the low refractive index layers 18a to 18d include SiO 2 and MgF 2 , and it is particularly preferable that SiO 2 is mainly contained. Further, examples of the constituent material of the high refractive index layers 18e to 18h include TiO 2 , Nb 2 O 5 , Ta 2 O 5 , HfO 2 , ZrO 2, and the like, and at least one of these materials should be included. Is preferred.
- the number of stacked dielectric multilayer films 18 is eight (the low refractive index layers 18a to 18d and the high refractive index layers 18e to 18h are each four layers).
- the number of layers 18 is 2 or more (that is, each of the low refractive index layer and the high refractive index layer is 1 layer or more) and 10 layers or less (that is, the low refractive index layer and the high refractive index layer are each 5 layers or less).
- the number of stacked dielectric multilayer films is not limited to an even number, and may be an odd number. In this case, the dielectric film located closest to the liquid crystal layer 20 in the dielectric multilayer film 18 is a low refractive index layer. Also in the following embodiments, the number of stacked dielectric multilayer films 18 may be an even number or an odd number, but the dielectric film located closest to the liquid crystal layer 20 is preferably a high refractive index layer.
- the optical film thickness of the low refractive index layer 18a may be set to be substantially equal to ( ⁇ / 4) ⁇ n (n is an odd number).
- the optical film thickness of the low refractive index layer 18a is the incident angle of the light L inside the low refractive index layer 18a (that is, low
- the relative angle between the direction in which the light L travels in the refractive index layer 18a and the layer thickness direction) is preferably set within a range of ( ⁇ / 4 cos ⁇ ) ⁇ 30%, where ⁇ is ⁇ .
- the optical film thickness of the low refractive index layer 18a may be set to be substantially equal to ( ⁇ / 4 cos ⁇ ) ⁇ n (n is an odd number).
- the preferable value of the optical film thickness of the low refractive index layer 18a will be described in detail in Examples described later.
- the reflective liquid crystal device 1 has the following effects.
- the dielectric multilayer film 18 is formed on the plurality of metal pixel electrodes 16, the reflectance with respect to the light L can be increased using the high reflectance of the metal surface.
- the low refractive index layer (first layer) 18a is first formed on the metal surface, and then the high refractive index layer (first layer).
- the second layer 18e By laminating the second layer) 18e thereon, a sufficient reflectivity can be obtained with a significantly smaller number of layers as compared with the case where lamination is started from the high refractive index layer.
- the physical film thickness of the dielectric multilayer film 18 can be made thinner than before, and the reduction in the electric field application efficiency to the liquid crystal layer 20 can be suppressed, and is sufficiently high. Reflectivity can be realized and light extraction efficiency can be increased.
- FIG. 4 is a side cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the dielectric multilayer film 28 as a modification of the embodiment.
- the reflective liquid crystal device 1 according to the above embodiment may include a dielectric multilayer film 28 shown in FIG. 4 instead of the dielectric multilayer film 18 shown in FIG.
- the dielectric multilayer film 28 has a plurality of low refractive index layers 28a to 28d including a layer 28a (first layer) in contact with the pixel electrode 16, and a refractive index higher than that of the low refractive index layer 28a.
- a plurality of high refractive index layers 28e to 28h including layers 28e (second layers) in contact with the refractive index layer 28a are alternately stacked.
- the constituent materials of the low refractive index layers 28b to 28d and the high refractive index layers 28e to 28h excluding the low refractive index layer 28a are the low refractive index layers 18a to 18d and the high refractive index layers 18e to 18h shown in FIG. Same as 18h.
- the low refractive index layer 28a of the present modification includes a lower layer 281 that is in contact with the pixel electrode 16, and an upper layer 282 that is sandwiched between the lower layer 281 and the high refractive index layer 28e.
- the lower layer 281 and the upper layer 282 may be made of the same material, or may be made of different materials.
- the constituent material of the lower layer 281 are illustrated for example SiO 2, MgF 2 may include the at least one kind of material.
- the constituent material of the upper layer 282 is the same as that of the low refractive index layers 18a to 18d shown in FIG. 3, and it is particularly preferable that SiO 2 is mainly contained.
- the configuration of the dielectric multilayer film 28 of the present modification is preferably applied when an insulating protective film is formed on the surface 16a of the pixel electrode 16, for example. That is, a protective film may be provided on the surface of a component made of a metal such as aluminum (pixel electrode 16 in this embodiment). Such a protective film is made of SiO 2 or MgF 2 which is a low refractive index material in most cases. Therefore, when the dielectric multilayer film 28 is manufactured, such a protective film is left on the surface 16a of the pixel electrode 16 as the lower layer 281 and a low refractive index material such as SiO 2 is formed thereon to form the upper layer 282. By doing so, the low refractive index layer 28a according to the present modification can be suitably obtained.
- the protective film formed on the surface 16a of the pixel electrode 16 may be used as a part (the lower layer 281) of the low refractive index layer 28a. Even with such a configuration, an effect equivalent to that of the reflective liquid crystal device 1 of the above embodiment can be suitably obtained.
- the number of laminated multilayer dielectric films 28 is preferably 2 or more and 10 or less, including the low refractive index layer 28a.
- the optical film thickness of the low refractive index layer 28a (that is, the sum of the optical film thickness of the lower layer 281 and the optical film thickness of the upper layer 282) is within the range of ( ⁇ / 4) ⁇ 30%, where ⁇ is the wavelength of the light L.
- it may be set to be substantially equal to ( ⁇ / 4) ⁇ n (n is an odd number).
- the optical film thickness of the low refractive index layer 28a is ( ⁇ / 4 cos ⁇ ) ⁇ 30, where ⁇ is the incident angle of the light L in the low refractive index layer 28a.
- % Is preferably set, and may be set to be substantially equal to ( ⁇ / 4 cos ⁇ ) ⁇ n (n is an odd number).
- the laminated form of the dielectric multilayer film as shown in FIG. 5A, the form A in which the first layer 32 in contact with the aluminum substrate 30 is a low refractive index film (SiO 2 ) and FIG. As shown, there is a form B in which the first layer 42 in contact with the aluminum substrate 30 is a high refractive index film (TiO 2 ).
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the spectral reflectance when the dielectric multilayer film is not provided on the surface of the aluminum substrate.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the spectral reflectance in each case where the number of laminated multilayer dielectric films is 2, 4, 6, and 10 in the form A shown in FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the spectral reflectance in each case where the number of stacks is 4, 6, 10, and 14 in the form A.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the spectral reflectance in each case where the number of dielectric multilayer films is 3, 5, 7 and 9 in the form B shown in FIG. 5B.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing the spectral reflectance in each case where the number of layers is 5, 9, 15, and 21 layers in Form B.
- the number of stacked layers is two (that is, one SiO 2 low refractive index layer and one TiO 2 high refractive index layer). It can be seen that the reflectance at a wavelength of 600 [nm] exceeds 95% and is larger than the reflectance of the aluminum substrate (see FIG. 6). As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, reflection at a wavelength of 600 [nm] when the number of stacked layers is six (three each of a SiO 2 low refractive index layer and a TiO 2 high refractive index layer). The ratio exceeded 99%, and when the number of layers was 10 (5 layers each of a low refractive index layer of SiO 2 and a high refractive index layer of TiO 2 ), it was 99.8%.
- Table 1 below is a table summarizing the number of laminated dielectric multilayer films, the reflectance, and the thickness (physical film thickness) in each of modes A and B. It should be noted that bold characters in Table 1 indicate preferable numerical values in the reflective liquid crystal device. As shown in Table 1, in Form B, if the number of stacked layers is 11 or more, the reflectivity is 99% or more, and if it is 15 or more, the reflectivity is 99.8% or more. Thus, it can be seen that even in the form B, if the number of stacked layers is increased, a sufficient reflectance can be obtained in the reflective liquid crystal device.
- the thickness exceeds 0.9 [ ⁇ m]
- the thickness exceeds 1.2 [ ⁇ m].
- the electric field application efficiency to the liquid crystal layer (light modulation layer) decreases as described above, which is not preferable.
- the reflectance is 99% or more even when the number of laminated layers is only 6 layers, and the reflectance becomes 99.8% or more when 10 layers are formed.
- the thickness is about 0.5 [ ⁇ m] when the number of stacked layers is 6, and the thickness is about 0.8 [ ⁇ m] when the number of layers is 10, and the dielectric multilayer film can be configured to be extremely thin as compared with Form B. I understand.
- a dielectric multilayer film is formed on an aluminum substrate, a high reflectance can be realized with a small number of layers, such as 10 layers or less.
- a low refractive index layer is first formed on the surface of the aluminum substrate 30 as the first layer 32 as in the form A, and then the second layer.
- a high refractive index layer 34 may be laminated thereon.
- FIG. 11 is a graph showing spectral reflectance characteristics when a SiO 2 film is provided on the surface of an aluminum substrate with various optical film thicknesses nd (50 [nm], 150 [nm], and 250 [nm]). is there. Referring to FIG. 11, at a wavelength that is four times the optical film thickness nd, the reflectance when the SiO 2 film is provided on the aluminum substrate is compared with the reflectance of the aluminum surface due to the reflection reducing effect of the SiO 2 film. It is decreasing.
- the SiO 2 film has little influence on the reflectance, and the reflectance when the SiO 2 film is provided on the aluminum substrate is equal to the reflectance of the aluminum surface.
- the optical film thickness of the protective film is generally set to 1 ⁇ 2 of the wavelength used in order to prevent the reflectance from decreasing.
- the protective film may be considered as part of the configuration of the dielectric multilayer film.
- FIG. 12A a form C in which the layer 38 in contact with the protective film 36 is a low refractive index film (SiO 2 )
- FIG. D there is a form D in which the layer 44 in contact with the protective film 36 is a high refractive index film (TiO 2 ).
- the protective film 36 and the layer 38 constitute a low refractive index layer (first layer) in contact with the aluminum substrate.
- the protective film 36 alone forms the low refractive index layer (first layer) in contact with the aluminum substrate. Layer).
- FIG. 13 is a graph showing the spectral reflectance when the optical film thickness of the protective film 36 is 150 [nm] and a six-layer dielectric multilayer film is provided in Form C.
- FIG. 14 is a graph showing the spectral reflectance when the protective film 36 has an optical film thickness of 150 [nm] and a five-layer dielectric multilayer film is provided in Form D. 13 and 14, the wavelength of incident light is assumed to be 600 [nm], and the optical film thickness of each layer constituting the dielectric multilayer film is set to 150 [nm].
- the lamination starts from the high refractive index film (TiO 2 ).
- Form D (see FIG. 12 (b)) has better spectral reflection characteristics than Form C (see FIG. 12 (a)), which has started to be laminated from a low refractive index film (SiO 2 ), and the wavelength of incident light.
- the reflectance at ⁇ 600 [nm] increased.
- the protective film 36 and the layer 38 constitute a low refractive index layer (first layer).
- the optical film thicknesses of the protective film 36 and the layer 38 are ⁇ / 4, respectively.
- the optical film thickness of this layer becomes ⁇ / 2 (300 [nm]), and the protective film 36 and the layer 38 hardly affect the reflectance. Therefore, the spectral reflection characteristics of Form C are substantially the same as those of Form B (see FIG. 5B) in which the first layer in contact with the aluminum substrate is a high refractive index film, and the characteristics are as shown in FIG. It is thought that.
- FIG. 15 shows the case where the optical film thickness of the protective film 36 is set to 50 [nm] and the optical film thickness of the layer 38 is set to 150 [nm] in the embodiment C of the present embodiment (that is, the low thickness of the first layer). It is a graph which shows the spectral reflectance of the case where the optical film thickness of a refractive index layer is 200 [nm].
- FIG. 16 shows the case where the optical film thickness of the protective film 36 is 50 [nm] in Embodiment D of the present embodiment (that is, the optical film thickness of the low refractive index layer as the first layer is 50 [nm]. ] Is a graph showing the spectral reflectance.
- FIG. 16 shows the case where the optical film thickness of the protective film 36 is 50 [nm] in Embodiment D of the present embodiment (that is, the optical film thickness of the low refractive index layer as the first layer is 50 [nm]. ] Is a graph showing the spectral reflectance.
- FIG. 17 shows a case where the optical film thickness of the protective film 36 is 250 [nm] and the optical film thickness of the layer 38 is 150 [nm] in the form C (that is, the low refractive index which is the first layer). It is a graph which shows the spectral reflectance of the case where the optical film thickness of a layer is 400 [nm].
- FIG. 18 shows a case where the optical film thickness of the protective film 36 is 250 [nm] in the form D (that is, the optical film thickness of the low refractive index layer which is the first layer is 250 [nm]). ) Is a graph showing the spectral reflectance.
- Table 3 to Table 5 show that the incident light wavelength ⁇ is 1550 [nm], 1200 [nm], 1000 [nm], 800 [nm], 600 [nm], and 400 [nm]. It is a table
- the bold letters in Tables 3 to 5 indicate preferable numerical values in the reflective liquid crystal device.
- the reflectance values are different for each wavelength. However, at any wavelength, if the optical film thickness of the low refractive index layer (first layer) is within a range of ⁇ 30% with respect to ⁇ / 4, sufficient reflectance can be obtained in the reflective liquid crystal device. I understand that
- FIG. 19A a form E in which the layer 48 in contact with the protective film 46 (MgF 2 ) is a low refractive index film (SiO 2 ), and as shown in FIG. 19B, the protective film 46 is formed.
- a form F in which the layer 50 in contact with the film is a high refractive index film (TiO 2 ).
- the protective film 46 and the layer 48 constitute a low refractive index layer (first layer) in contact with the aluminum substrate, and in form F, only the protective film 46 is in contact with the aluminum substrate (low refractive index layer (first layer)).
- Layer
- a protective film is included in the low refractive index layer (first layer) in contact with the aluminum substrate, and the optical film thickness of the first layer is ⁇ / 4 ⁇ n (n is an odd number). It is shown that sufficient reflectivity can be obtained for the reflection type light modulation device. Further, it was shown that sufficient reflectance for the reflection type light modulation device can be obtained even when the optical film thickness of the first layer is within a range of ⁇ 30% with respect to ⁇ / 4.
- Si 3 N 4 can also be considered as a constituent material of the protective film.
- Si 3 N 4 has a refractive index of 2.0 to 2.1, and is classified as a high refractive index material in the dielectric multilayer film. As described above, it is preferable to arrange a low refractive index layer directly on the aluminum substrate.
- a high refractive index protective film such as Si 3 N 4 is already provided, the protective film First, a high refractive index layer is formed thereon, and the optical film thickness of the high refractive index layer and the layer made of the protective film (third layer) is made substantially equal to ⁇ / 2 ⁇ n (n is an odd number).
- the influence on the reflectance can be extremely reduced. Therefore, by forming a dielectric multilayer film starting from the low refractive index layer (first layer) on the third layer having a high refractive index, substantially the same as in the form A (see FIG. 5A). The reflection characteristics can be realized.
- the refractive index of the medium in contact with the surface of the dielectric multilayer film 52 is n 0
- the incident angle of the light L to the surface 52a of the dielectric multilayer film 52 is ⁇ 0
- the refractive index of the substrate is n sub.
- the optical film thickness of the low refractive index layer (first layer) in contact with the aluminum substrate is substantially ( ⁇ / 4 cos ⁇ i ) ⁇ n (n is an odd number). It is preferable that they are equal or within the range of ( ⁇ / 4 cos ⁇ i ) ⁇ 30%. And this (theta) i is calculated
- ⁇ TiO2 has the value shown in the following mathematical formula (4).
- the refractive index n TiO2 of TiO 2 is 2.27.
- the incident angle (refractive angle) ⁇ SiO2 in the SiO 2 low refractive index layer has a value represented by the following mathematical formula (5).
- the refractive index n SiO2 of SiO 2 is 1.46.
- the dielectric multilayer for oblique incidence is used.
- membrane can be implement
- n S and n P for the S-polarized component and the P-polarized component of light are expressed as follows: n is the refractive index in the layer, and ⁇ is the incident angle (refractive angle) in the layer. It becomes.
- ⁇ is the incident angle (refractive angle) in the layer. It becomes.
- 21 and 22 are graphs showing examples of the reflectance of the dielectric multilayer film with respect to the P-polarized component and the S-polarized component.
- FIG. 21 shows a case where a low refractive index layer (SiO 2 ) is disposed as a first layer on an aluminum substrate (see FIG. 5A), and FIG. 22 shows the first layer on the aluminum substrate.
- a high refractive index layer (TiO 2 ) is disposed (see FIG. 5B).
- Example 4 When various materials are used for the high refractive index layer> Suitable constituent materials for the high refractive index layer include Nb 2 O 5 , Ta 2 O 5 , HfO 2 , and ZrO 2 in addition to TiO 2 . Since the refractive index values are different from each other, the reflectance values of the dielectric multilayer film are also different. However, any of the materials has the same tendency as in the case of using TiO 2 .
- 23 and 24 are graphs showing the spectral reflection characteristics in the Nb 2 O 5 / SiO 2 dielectric multilayer film.
- FIG. 23 shows a case where a low refractive index layer (SiO 2 , optical film thickness 150 [nm]) is arranged as a first layer on an aluminum substrate, and FIG.
- refractive index layer 24 shows a high layer as the first layer on the aluminum substrate.
- refractive index layer shows the case of arranging the (Nb 2 O 5, the optical film thickness 150 [nm]).
- the constituent material of the high refractive index layer is Nb 2 O 5
- the low refractive index layer (first layer) is first formed on the metal surface, and then the high refractive index layer (first layer). It can be seen that a sufficient reflectivity can be obtained with a significantly smaller number of layers compared to the case where the second layer is laminated on the high refractive index layer.
- Example 5 A TiO 2 / SiO 2 alternating multilayer film was formed on a commercially available metal aluminum mirror by a vacuum deposition method.
- an MgF 2 film having an optical film thickness of 280 [nm] is formed as a protective film.
- FIG. 25 is a graph showing the measurement results of the spectral reflectance of this aluminum mirror. In FIG. 25, the calculated value of the reflectance of the aluminum surface without the protective film is also shown by a broken line for comparison.
- a dielectric multilayer film was formed on the surface of the aluminum mirror.
- a low refractive index layer SiO 2 , optical film thickness 150 [nm]
- a high refractive index layer TiO 2 , optical film thickness 150
- [Nm]) and low refractive index layers were alternately stacked, and the number of stacked layers was four.
- the solid line shown in FIG. 26 is a graph showing the results of measuring the reflectance of this dielectric multilayer film.
- the broken line shown in FIG. 26 is a graph which shows the calculation result of the reflectance of this dielectric multilayer film. As shown in FIG. 26, the measured values of the reflectivity and the calculated values almost coincided.
- a high refractive index layer (TiO 2 , optical film thickness 150 [nm]) is formed as a first layer in contact with the aluminum mirror, and a low refractive index layer (SiO 2 , optical film thickness 150 is formed thereon. [Nm]) and high refractive index layers (TiO 2 , optical film thickness 150 [nm]) were alternately stacked, and the number of stacked layers was five.
- the solid line shown in FIG. 27 is a graph showing the result of measuring the reflectance of the dielectric multilayer film.
- the broken line shown in FIG. 27 is a graph which shows the calculation result of the reflectance of this dielectric multilayer film. As shown in FIG. 27, even in this embodiment, the actually measured value and the calculated value of the reflectance almost coincided.
- the reflective light modulation device is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various other modifications are possible.
- SiO 2 and MgF 2 are exemplified as the constituent material of the low refractive index layer of the dielectric multilayer film, but the constituent material of the low refractive index layer has a refractive index of 1.35 to 1.75.
- Other materials may be used as long as the dielectric is preferably 1.35 to 1.50.
- TiO 2 , Nb 2 O 5 , Ta 2 O 5 , and HfO 2 are exemplified as the constituent material of the high refractive index layer of the dielectric multilayer film, but the constituent material of the high refractive index layer is refracted.
- Other materials may be used as long as the dielectric has a rate of 1.75 to 2.50, more preferably 1.90 to 2.50.
- reflection-type light modulation that modulates light for each of a plurality of two-dimensionally arranged pixels and outputs a light image forward while reflecting light incident from the front.
- a device comprising a conductive light-transmitting layer including a light-transmitting conductive material, a plurality of metal pixel electrodes arranged two-dimensionally along the conductive light-transmitting layer, a plurality of pixel electrodes, and a conductive property
- a light modulation layer disposed between the light transmission layer and modulating light according to an electric field formed by each pixel electrode and the conductive light transmission layer; and a dielectric multilayer film formed on the plurality of pixel electrodes;
- the dielectric multilayer film has a configuration including a first layer in contact with the pixel electrode and a second layer having a higher refractive index than the first layer and in contact with the first layer.
- the reflection type light modulation device may be characterized in that the optical film thickness of the first layer is within a range of ( ⁇ / 4) ⁇ 30%, where ⁇ is the wavelength of light.
- the reflective light modulation device may be characterized in that the optical film thickness of the first layer is substantially equal to ( ⁇ / 4) ⁇ n (n is an odd number) where ⁇ is the wavelength of light.
- the optical film thickness of the first layer is within the range of ( ⁇ / 4 cos ⁇ ) ⁇ 30%, where ⁇ is the incident angle of light inside the first layer, and ⁇ is the wavelength of the light. It is good also as a feature.
- the optical film thickness of the first layer is such that the incident angle of light inside the first layer is ⁇ and the wavelength of light is ⁇ ( ⁇ / 4 cos ⁇ ) ⁇ n (n is an odd number) ) And substantially the same. With any one of these configurations, a high reflectance can be suitably realized even for light incident on the dielectric multilayer film from an oblique direction.
- the dielectric multilayer film includes a plurality of low refractive index layers including a first layer, and a plurality of high refractive indexes including a second layer and having a higher refractive index than the plurality of low refractive index layers.
- the refractive index layers may be alternately stacked, and the sum of the number of the low refractive index layers and the number of the high refractive index layers may be 10 or less.
- the number of laminated dielectric multilayer films in a general reflection type light modulation device requires 13 layers or more.
- a sufficiently high reflectance can be realized even with a small number of layers, such as 10 layers or less, so that it is possible to effectively suppress a decrease in the efficiency of electric field application to the light modulation layer. it can.
- the first layer includes SiO 2
- the second layer includes at least one material of TiO 2 , Nb 2 O 5 , Ta 2 O 5 , and HfO 2. May be a feature.
- the dielectric multilayer film including the first layer and the second layer having a higher refractive index than the first layer can be suitably configured.
- the first layer has a lower layer in contact with the pixel electrode, and an upper layer sandwiched between the lower layer and the second layer, the upper layer includes SiO 2 , and the lower layer includes SiO 2.
- MgF 2 may include at least one material.
- An SiO 2 film or an MgF 2 film may be formed as a protective film on the surface of the pixel electrode, and this protective film may be used as a part (lower layer) of the first layer. Even with such a configuration, it is possible to suitably obtain the effects of the above-described reflection type light modulation device.
- the reflection-type light modulation device is a reflection-type light modulation device that modulates light for each of a plurality of two-dimensionally arranged pixels and outputs a light image forward while reflecting light incident from the front,
- a conductive light-transmitting layer including a conductive material that transmits light; a plurality of metal pixel electrodes that are two-dimensionally arranged along the conductive light-transmitting layer; and a plurality of pixel electrodes and the conductive light-transmitting layer.
- a light modulation layer that is disposed between each of the pixel electrodes and the conductive light transmission layer and modulates light according to an electric field, and a dielectric multilayer film formed on the plurality of pixel electrodes.
- the multilayer film has a third layer in contact with the pixel electrode, a first layer having a refractive index lower than that of the third layer and in contact with the third layer, and a refractive index higher than that of the first layer and in contact with the first layer.
- the optical thickness of the third layer is substantially ( ⁇ / 2) ⁇ n (n is an odd number) where ⁇ is the wavelength of light. It may be used equal configuration.
- the present invention can be used as a reflection-type light modulation device capable of increasing the light extraction efficiency while suppressing a decrease in the electric field application efficiency to the light modulation layer.
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Abstract
Description
U.Efron et al., "Silicon liquid crystal light valves: status and issues", Optical Engineering, November, December 1983, Vol.22, No.6, pp.682-686 (1983) A.Jacobson et al., "A real-time optical data processing device", Information Display, Vol.12, September 1975, PP.17-22 (1975)
図1は、本発明に係る反射型光変調装置の一実施形態として、反射型液晶装置の構成を示す平面図である。また、図2は、図1に示した反射型液晶装置のII-II線に沿った側面断面図である。なお、図1及び図2には、説明を容易にする為にXYZ直交座標系が示されている。本実施形態の反射型液晶装置1は、図1に示すように互いに直交する2軸(X軸およびY軸)に沿って二次元配列された複数の画素4を備えている。反射型液晶装置1は、前方(Z軸正方向)より入射した光を反射しつつ、各画素4毎に入射光を変調して任意の光像を前方へ出力する装置である。
図4は、上記実施形態の変形例として、誘電体多層膜28の構成を示す側面断面図である。上記実施形態に係る反射型液晶装置1は、図3に示した誘電体多層膜18に代えて、図4に示す誘電体多層膜28を備えても良い。
<アルミニウム上の誘電体多層膜の反射率>
アルミニウム基板上に誘電体多層膜を形成した場合の分光反射率を調べた。誘電体多層膜の構成材料は、低屈折率層をSiO2とし、高屈折率層をTiO2とした。そして、入射光の波長をλ=600[nm]と想定し、各層の光学膜厚を150[nm](すなわちλ/4)とした。誘電体多層膜の積層形態としては、図5(a)に示すようにアルミニウム基板30に接する第1の層32を低屈折率膜(SiO2)とする形態A、及び図5(b)に示すようにアルミニウム基板30に接する第1の層42を高屈折率膜(TiO2)とする形態Bがある。
<アルミニウムの表面に保護膜が施されている場合>
アルミニウム表面に保護膜が施されている場合について述べる。保護膜の構成材料の多くは低屈折率物質であるSiO2やMgF2である。図11は、アルミニウム基板の表面にSiO2膜が様々な光学膜厚nd(50[nm]、150[nm]、及び250[nm])で設けられた場合の分光反射率特性を示すグラフである。図11を参照すると、光学膜厚ndの4倍となる波長では、アルミニウム基板上にSiO2膜を設けた場合の反射率は、SiO2膜による反射低減作用により、アルミニウム表面の反射率と比較して減少している。一方、光学膜厚ndの2倍となる波長ではSiO2膜は反射率には殆ど影響しておらず、アルミニウム基板上にSiO2膜を設けた場合の反射率はアルミニウム表面の反射率と等しくなる。例えば、図11において、光学膜厚ndが250[nm]であるときの波長500[nm]における反射率は、アルミニウム表面の反射率と等しくなっている。従って、保護膜の光学膜厚は、反射率の低下を防ぐため使用波長の1/2とされることが一般的である。
<誘電体多層膜に対して光が斜め方向から入射する場合>
次に、誘電体多層膜への光の入射角による反射率への影響について説明する。或る層へ入射角θで入射する光が当該層を進む光学的距離は、当該層の厚さ方向の光学膜厚をcosθで乗ずることにより求められる。また、屈折率が異なる媒質同士の界面における各媒質の屈折率n1及びn2と光の入射角θ1及び屈折角θ2との間には、次の数式(1)(スネルの法則)が成立する。
<高屈折率層に様々な材料を用いた場合>
高屈折率層の好適な構成材料としては、TiO2の他に、Nb2O5、Ta2O5、HfO2、ZrO2などがある。屈折率の値がそれぞれ異なるため誘電体多層膜の反射率の値も異なってくるが、いずれの材料を用いてもTiO2を用いた場合と同様の傾向がある。図23及び図24は、Nb2O5/SiO2誘電体多層膜における分光反射特性を示すグラフである。図23はアルミニウム基板上に第1の層として低屈折率層(SiO2、光学膜厚150[nm])を配置した場合を示しており、図24はアルミニウム基板上に第1の層として高屈折率層(Nb2O5、光学膜厚150[nm])を配置した場合を示している。これらの図に示すように、高屈折率層の構成材料をNb2O5とした場合でも、低屈折率層(第1の層)をまず金属表面に形成し、次いで高屈折率層(第2の層)をその上に積層することにより、高屈折率層から積層し始める場合と比較して格段に少ない積層数で十分な反射率が得られることがわかる。
<実験による実証>
市販の金属アルミニウムミラー上に、TiO2/SiO2交互多層膜を真空蒸着法により成膜した。市販のアルミニウムミラーには、保護膜として光学膜厚280[nm]のMgF2膜が形成されている。図25は、このアルミニウムミラーの分光反射率の測定結果を示すグラフである。なお、図25には、比較のため、保護膜のないアルミニウム表面の反射率の計算値も破線で示されている。
Claims (9)
- 前方より入射した光を反射しつつ、二次元配列された複数の画素毎に前記光を変調して光像を前方へ出力する反射型光変調装置であって、
前記光を透過する導電性材料を含む導電性光透過層と、
前記導電性光透過層に沿って二次元配列された金属製の複数の画素電極と、
前記複数の画素電極と前記導電性光透過層との間に配置され、各画素電極及び導電性光透過層により形成される電界に応じて前記光を変調する光変調層と、
前記複数の画素電極上に形成された誘電体多層膜と
を備え、
前記誘電体多層膜は、
前記画素電極に接する第1の層と、
前記第1の層より屈折率が高く前記第1の層に接する第2の層と
を含むことを特徴とする、反射型光変調装置。 - 前記第1の層の光学膜厚が、前記光の波長をλとして(λ/4)±30%の範囲内であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の反射型光変調装置。
- 前記第1の層の光学膜厚が、前記光の波長をλとして(λ/4)×n(nは奇数)と実質的に等しいことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の反射型光変調装置。
- 前記第1の層の光学膜厚が、前記第1の層の内部における前記光の入射角をθ、前記光の波長をλとして(λ/4cosθ)±30%の範囲内であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の反射型光変調装置。
- 前記第1の層の光学膜厚が、前記第1の層の内部における前記光の入射角をθ、前記光の波長をλとして(λ/4cosθ)×n(nは奇数)と実質的に等しいことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の反射型光変調装置。
- 前記誘電体多層膜は、前記第1の層を含む複数の低屈折率層と、前記第2の層を含み前記複数の低屈折率層より屈折率が高い複数の高屈折率層とが交互に積層されて成り、
前記複数の低屈折率層の層数と前記複数の高屈折率層の層数との和が10層以下であることを特徴とする、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の反射型光変調装置。 - 前記第1の層がSiO2を含み、前記第2の層がTiO2、Nb2O5、Ta2O5、及びHfO2のうち少なくとも一種類の材料を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の反射型光変調装置。
- 前記第1の層が、
前記画素電極に接する下層と、
前記下層と前記第2の層とに挟まれた上層と
を有し、
前記上層がSiO2を含み、
前記下層がSiO2及びMgF2のうち少なくとも一種類の材料を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の反射型光変調装置。 - 前方より入射した光を反射しつつ、二次元配列された複数の画素毎に前記光を変調して光像を前方へ出力する反射型光変調装置であって、
前記光を透過する導電性材料を含む導電性光透過層と、
前記導電性光透過層に沿って二次元配列された金属製の複数の画素電極と、
前記複数の画素電極と前記導電性光透過層との間に配置され、各画素電極及び導電性光透過層により形成される電界に応じて前記光を変調する光変調層と、
前記複数の画素電極上に形成された誘電体多層膜と
を備え、
前記誘電体多層膜は、
前記画素電極に接する第3の層と、
前記第3の層より屈折率が低く前記第3の層に接する第1の層と、
前記第1の層より屈折率が高く前記第1の層に接する第2の層と
を含み、
前記第3の層の光学膜厚が、前記光の波長をλとして(λ/2)×n(nは奇数)と実質的に等しいことを特徴とする、反射型光変調装置。
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JP7144188B2 (ja) * | 2018-05-15 | 2022-09-29 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | 反射型動的メタサーフェス |
JP7226993B2 (ja) | 2018-12-28 | 2023-02-21 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | 光変調器及びその製造方法 |
CN110596929A (zh) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-12-20 | 深圳市科创数字显示技术有限公司 | 硅基液晶器件及其制作方法与波长选择开关 |
CN112925140A (zh) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-06-08 | 豪威半导体(上海)有限责任公司 | Lcos显示器及电子设备 |
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- 2008-06-19 WO PCT/JP2008/061252 patent/WO2009153876A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2008-06-19 US US12/995,830 patent/US20110080545A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-06-19 CN CN2008801299314A patent/CN102067019A/zh active Pending
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JPH0264602A (ja) * | 1988-08-31 | 1990-03-05 | Hoya Corp | 多層膜裏面反射鏡 |
JPH1010569A (ja) * | 1996-06-24 | 1998-01-16 | Pioneer Electron Corp | 反射型液晶表示装置 |
JPH112707A (ja) * | 1997-06-13 | 1999-01-06 | Sharp Corp | 銀の増反射膜及びそれを用いた反射型液晶表示装置 |
JPH11344726A (ja) * | 1998-06-02 | 1999-12-14 | Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd | 液晶表示装置及び電子機器 |
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WO2014092192A1 (ja) * | 2012-12-14 | 2014-06-19 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 酸化物半導体素子、酸化物半導体素子の製造方法、表示装置、イメージセンサ及びx線センサ |
JP2014135484A (ja) * | 2012-12-14 | 2014-07-24 | Fujifilm Corp | 酸化物半導体素子、酸化物半導体素子の製造方法、表示装置、イメージセンサ及びx線センサ |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE112008003898T5 (de) | 2011-05-12 |
CN102067019A (zh) | 2011-05-18 |
US20110080545A1 (en) | 2011-04-07 |
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