WO2009093297A1 - Appareil de pompe à chaleur et climatiseur ou chauffe-eau sur lequel est monté l'appareil de pompe à chaleur - Google Patents

Appareil de pompe à chaleur et climatiseur ou chauffe-eau sur lequel est monté l'appareil de pompe à chaleur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009093297A1
WO2009093297A1 PCT/JP2008/050671 JP2008050671W WO2009093297A1 WO 2009093297 A1 WO2009093297 A1 WO 2009093297A1 JP 2008050671 W JP2008050671 W JP 2008050671W WO 2009093297 A1 WO2009093297 A1 WO 2009093297A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
evaporator
compressor
heat pump
frost formation
heat exchanger
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2008/050671
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Mamoru Hamada
Kouji Yamashita
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Electric Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Electric Corporation filed Critical Mitsubishi Electric Corporation
Priority to EP15180070.3A priority Critical patent/EP2980498B1/fr
Priority to JP2009550383A priority patent/JP5528119B2/ja
Priority to EP15180055.4A priority patent/EP2980497B1/fr
Priority to EP08703521.8A priority patent/EP2157380B1/fr
Priority to PCT/JP2008/050671 priority patent/WO2009093297A1/fr
Publication of WO2009093297A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009093297A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
    • F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
    • F25B47/022—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting
    • F25B47/025—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting by reversing the cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
    • F25D21/002—Defroster control
    • F25D21/006—Defroster control with electronic control circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/41—Defrosting; Preventing freezing
    • F24F11/42—Defrosting; Preventing freezing of outdoor units
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2140/00—Control inputs relating to system states
    • F24F2140/20—Heat-exchange fluid temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/19—Calculation of parameters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/23—Time delays
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/11—Sensor to detect if defrost is necessary
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/17—Speeds
    • F25B2700/171—Speeds of the compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/19—Pressures
    • F25B2700/197—Pressures of the evaporator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2117—Temperatures of an evaporator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2117—Temperatures of an evaporator
    • F25B2700/21171—Temperatures of an evaporator of the fluid cooled by the evaporator
    • F25B2700/21172—Temperatures of an evaporator of the fluid cooled by the evaporator at the inlet

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat pump device and an air conditioner or a water heater equipped with the heat pump device, and in particular, accurately detects a decrease in capacity due to frost formation on an evaporator, and starts a defrosting operation at an appropriate timing.
  • the present invention relates to an air conditioner or a water heater equipped with this heat pump device.
  • Step S16 it is determined whether or not a liquid injection circuit composed of 20, 21, 22, 23a, 23b, 24, 25a, and 25b is used.
  • the calculation formula for determining the start of defrosting is changed based on this result
  • Step S17 is a determination for starting the defrosting operation when the liquid injection circuit is used, and the defrosting start determination temperature C1 calculated from the outside air temperature To.
  • the evaporation temperature Te is lower than xTo + D1 (for example, 3xTo-10)
  • step S18 is a defrosting operation start determination when the liquid injection circuit is not used.
  • the evaporating temperature Te is lower than the defrosting start determination temperature C2 ⁇ To + D2 (for example, 2.5 ⁇ To ⁇ 8) calculated from the outside air temperature To. If it has to start the defrosting operation. "(E.g. see Patent Document 1) those that have been proposed.
  • JP 2001-99529 paragraph number 0031, FIG. 4
  • Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 62-19656 page 3, FIG. 1
  • the detection means for directly detecting the frost formation state on the evaporator may not be able to detect the frost formation state on the evaporator, for example, because the detection means is covered with snow due to snow, etc.
  • Both conventional frost detection means (for example, refer to Patent Documents 1 and 2) indirectly detect the frost formation state on the evaporator using the evaporation temperature of the evaporator. For this reason, it is possible to detect the frost formation state to an evaporator exactly compared with the direct frost formation state detection means.
  • the outdoor temperature is used as a parameter for detecting the frost formation state on the evaporator
  • the change in the evaporation temperature of the evaporator accompanying the change in the outdoor temperature is determined as the frost formation on the evaporator. It is possible to prevent erroneous determination.
  • the outdoor temperature since the outdoor temperature is not used as a parameter for detecting the frost formation state on the evaporator, the outdoor temperature cannot be detected because the outdoor temperature detecting means is covered with snow, for example. Even in this case, it is possible to accurately detect the frost formation on the evaporator.
  • the conventional frost detection means shown above are all considered for erroneous detection of the frost formation state on the evaporator caused by the outdoor environment, for example, in the indoor environment
  • a change for example, a change in set temperature
  • a change in compressor frequency is not taken into consideration. That is, for example, when the evaporation temperature of the evaporator decreases due to a change in the indoor environment or a change in the compressor frequency, there is a problem that the decrease in the evaporation temperature is erroneously determined as frost formation on the evaporator. It was.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and can accurately detect the frosting state on the evaporator without being affected by changes in the indoor environment or changes in the compressor frequency.
  • An object is to obtain a heat pump device and an air conditioner or a water heater equipped with the heat pump device.
  • the heat pump device is a heat pump device having a refrigerant circuit in which a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator are sequentially connected, and an evaporator refrigerant saturation temperature detecting means for detecting an evaporation temperature of the evaporator;
  • An evaporator intake air temperature detecting means for detecting an evaporator intake air temperature of the evaporator, a compressor frequency detecting means for detecting a compressor frequency of the compressor, and a frosting condition on the evaporator.
  • frost state detection means wherein the first frost state detection means is a feature value calculated by dividing the difference between the evaporator suction air temperature and the evaporation temperature by the compressor frequency, Based on the feature amount, a decrease in heat exchange capacity due to frost formation on the evaporator is detected.
  • the heat pump device includes an evaporator refrigerant pressure detecting means for detecting an evaporation pressure of the evaporator in a heat pump device having a refrigerant circuit in which a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator are sequentially connected.
  • An evaporator suction air temperature detection means for detecting an evaporator suction air temperature of the evaporator, a compressor frequency detection means for detecting a compressor frequency of the compressor, First frost formation state detecting means for detecting a frost formation state on the evaporator, wherein the first frost state detection means is an evaporation temperature calculated from the evaporator intake air temperature and the evaporation pressure.
  • the characteristic value is a calculated value obtained by dividing the difference between the compressor frequency and the compressor frequency, and a decrease in heat exchange capacity due to frost formation on the evaporator is detected based on the feature value.
  • the heat pump device includes an evaporator refrigerant saturation temperature detecting means for detecting an evaporation temperature of the evaporator in a heat pump device having a refrigerant circuit in which a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator are sequentially connected. And a first frosting state detecting means for detecting a frosting state on the evaporator, wherein the first frosting state detecting means uses the evaporation temperature as a feature quantity, and the time change of the feature quantity Based on the amount, a decrease in heat exchange capacity due to frost formation on the evaporator is detected.
  • the heat pump device includes an evaporator refrigerant pressure detecting means for detecting an evaporation pressure of the evaporator in a heat pump device having a refrigerant circuit in which a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator are sequentially connected. And a first frosting state detecting unit for detecting a frosting state on the evaporator, wherein the first frosting state detecting unit uses the evaporation pressure as a feature amount, and a temporal change amount of the feature amount. Based on the above, a decrease in heat exchange capacity due to frost formation on the evaporator is detected.
  • the calculated value obtained by dividing the difference between the evaporator intake air temperature and the evaporation temperature by the compressor frequency is used as a feature value. Based on this feature value, the heat exchange capacity is reduced due to frost formation on the evaporator. Since it detects, it can detect correctly the frost formation state to an evaporator, without being influenced by the change of a compressor frequency in addition to an outdoor environment.
  • a calculated value obtained by dividing the difference between the evaporator intake air temperature and the evaporation temperature calculated from the evaporation pressure by the compressor frequency is used as a feature value, and based on this feature value, Since a decrease in heat exchange capacity due to frost is detected, the frost formation on the evaporator can be accurately detected without being affected by changes in the compressor frequency in addition to the outdoor environment.
  • a calculation value obtained by dividing the difference between the evaporator intake air temperature and the evaporation temperature by the compressor frequency is used as a feature value, and the amount of time change of the feature value is determined based on frost formation on the evaporator. Since a decrease in heat exchange capacity is detected, even if the detected values of the evaporator refrigerant saturation temperature detection means, the evaporator suction air temperature detection means, and the compressor frequency detection means shift due to secular change, in addition to the outdoor environment, Therefore, it is possible to accurately detect the frost formation state on the evaporator without being affected by the change in the compressor frequency.
  • the calculated value obtained by dividing the difference between the evaporator intake air temperature and the evaporation temperature calculated from the evaporation pressure by the compressor frequency is used as the feature value, and the evaporation is performed based on the time change amount of this feature value. Even if a deviation in the detected values of the evaporator refrigerant pressure detection means, the evaporator suction air temperature detection means, and the compressor frequency detection means occurs due to aging, the decrease in heat exchange capacity due to frost formation on the evaporator is detected. In addition to the outdoor environment, the frost formation state on the evaporator can be accurately detected without being affected by the change in the compressor frequency.
  • the evaporation temperature is used as a feature amount, and a decrease in heat exchange capacity due to frost formation on the evaporator is detected based on the amount of change in the feature amount over time. Even in an environment where the intake air temperature of the evaporator cannot be detected (an environment where the intake air temperature of the evaporator is erroneously detected), frost formation on the evaporator is not affected by changes in the compressor frequency in addition to the outdoor environment. The situation can be detected accurately.
  • the evaporation pressure is used as a feature amount, and a decrease in heat exchange capacity due to frost formation on the evaporator is detected based on the amount of change over time of the feature amount. Even in an environment where the intake air temperature of the evaporator cannot be detected (an environment where the intake air temperature of the evaporator is erroneously detected), frost formation on the evaporator is not affected by changes in the compressor frequency in addition to the outdoor environment. The situation can be detected accurately.
  • FIG. 10 is a characteristic diagram illustrating a relationship between a feature amount T2 and an operation time of the compressor 3 in the second embodiment.
  • 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of a refrigerant circuit of an air conditioner using a heat pump device in Embodiment 3.
  • FIG. It is a block diagram for detecting a reduction in capacity due to frost formation in the outdoor heat exchanger 6 using the heat pump device in the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is a characteristic diagram illustrating a relationship between a time change amount of a feature amount T1 and an operation time of the compressor 3 in the third embodiment.
  • 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of a refrigerant circuit of an air conditioner using a heat pump device according to Embodiment 4.
  • FIG. It is a block diagram for detecting a reduction in capacity due to frost formation in the outdoor heat exchanger 6 using the heat pump device in the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is a characteristic diagram illustrating a relationship between a time change amount of a feature amount T1 and an operation time of the compressor 3 in the third embodiment.
  • 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of a refrigerant circuit of an air conditioner using a heat pump device according to Embodiment 4.
  • FIG. It is a block diagram for detecting a reduction in capacity due to frost formation in the outdoor heat exchanger 6 using the heat pump
  • FIG. 10 is a characteristic diagram illustrating a relationship between a temporal change amount of a feature amount T2 and an operation time of the compressor 3 in the fourth embodiment. It is a schematic block diagram of the refrigerant circuit of the air conditioner using the heat pump apparatus in Embodiment 5. It is a block diagram for detecting a reduction in capacity due to frost formation in the outdoor heat exchanger 6 using the heat pump device in the fifth embodiment. It is a flowchart of the defrost start determination control of the air conditioner using the heat pump apparatus in Embodiment 5.
  • FIG. 10 is a characteristic diagram illustrating a relationship between a time change amount of a feature amount T3 and an operation time of the compressor 3 in the fifth embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic configuration diagram of a refrigerant circuit of an air conditioner using a heat pump device in a sixth embodiment. It is a block diagram for detecting a reduction in capacity due to frost formation in the outdoor heat exchanger 6 using the heat pump device in the sixth embodiment. It is a flowchart of the defrost start determination control of the air conditioner using the heat pump apparatus in Embodiment 6.
  • FIG. 16 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between a time change amount of a feature amount T4 and an operation time of the compressor 3 in the sixth embodiment. It is a flowchart of the defrost start determination control of the air conditioner using the heat pump apparatus in Embodiment 7.
  • FIG. 18 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between a time change amount of the characteristic amount T1 and an operation time of the compressor 3 when the air conditioner in Embodiment 7 performs pull-down operation.
  • FIG. 25 is a flowchart for determining the next defrosting non-operation time th_next in the seventh embodiment. It is a block diagram for detecting a reduction in capacity due to frost formation in the outdoor heat exchanger 6 using the heat pump device in the eighth embodiment. It is a flowchart of the defrost start determination control of the air conditioner using the heat pump apparatus in Embodiment 8. It is a schematic block diagram which shows an example of the 2nd frosting condition detection means in Embodiment 9.
  • FIG. 25 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the fin-electrode capacitance [F] of the outdoor heat exchanger 6 and the operation time of the compressor 3 in Embodiment 9.
  • FIG. 25 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the radiation temperature [° C.] on the surface of the outdoor heat exchanger 6 and the operation time of the compressor 3 in Embodiment 9.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a refrigerant circuit of an air conditioner using the heat pump device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the air conditioner includes an outdoor unit 1 and an indoor unit 2, and is connected by piping.
  • the outdoor unit 1 includes, as components of the refrigerant circuit, a compressor 3 capable of variable frequency, a four-way valve 4 that switches a flow path between cooling and heating, an expansion valve 5, an outdoor heat exchanger 6 that serves as an evaporator during heating operation, And an outdoor heat exchanger fan 7 is provided.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 6 is provided with an evaporator refrigerant saturation temperature detecting means 10 for detecting the refrigerant saturation temperature (evaporation temperature during heating operation) of the outdoor heat exchanger 6 (evaporator).
  • an evaporator intake air temperature detection means 11 that detects the temperature of the air flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger (outdoor temperature) is provided.
  • the compressor 3 is provided with compressor frequency detecting means 12 for detecting the compressor frequency f.
  • the outdoor unit 1 is provided with a control unit 100.
  • the evaporator refrigerant saturation temperature detection means 10 may be provided between the expansion valve 5 and the outdoor heat exchanger 6.
  • the control part 100 is provided in the outdoor unit 1, it may be provided in the indoor unit 2 and may be provided outside.
  • the indoor unit 2 is provided with an indoor heat exchanger 8 that serves as a condenser during heating operation, and an indoor heat exchanger fan 9 as components of the refrigerant circuit.
  • FIG. 2 is a configuration block diagram for detecting a decrease in capacity due to frost formation in the outdoor heat exchanger 6 using the heat pump device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the control unit 100 includes a timer 101, a memory 102, a frost formation state detection unit 103 corresponding to the first frost formation state detection unit of the present invention, and the like.
  • the timer 101 measures driving time and the like.
  • the memory 102 includes an evaporator refrigerant saturation temperature detection means 10, an evaporator suction air temperature detection means 11, an evaporator temperature detection means 12, and an evaporator temperature Te, an evaporator suction air temperature Ta, a compressor frequency f, etc.
  • the frost formation state detection means 103 calculates a feature amount T1 described later using the evaporation temperature Te, the evaporator intake air temperature Ta, and the compressor frequency f, and detects the frost formation state on the outdoor heat exchanger 6. Based on the information such as the timer 101, the memory 102, the frosting state detecting means 103, etc., the control unit 100 drives each of the compressor 3, the four-way valve 4, the outdoor heat exchanger fan 7, and the indoor heat exchanger fan 9. Send control signal to.
  • FIG. 1 The operation
  • the flow path of the four-way valve 4 is set in the direction of the solid line in FIG.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 3 flows into the indoor heat exchanger 8 provided in the indoor unit 2 via the four-way valve 4. Thereafter, the indoor heat exchanger 8 condenses and liquefies while radiating heat to the indoor air, and becomes a high-pressure liquid refrigerant.
  • the indoor air blown to the indoor heat exchanger 8 by the indoor heat exchanger fan 9 is heated by being heated by the indoor heat exchanger 8.
  • the high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has exited the indoor heat exchanger 8 returns to the outdoor unit 1.
  • the high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has returned to the outdoor unit 1 is decompressed by the expansion valve 5 to be in a low-pressure two-phase state, and flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 6.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 6 absorbs heat from the outdoor air blown from the outdoor heat exchanger fan 7 and evaporates into a low-pressure gas refrigerant. Thereafter, the refrigerant flows into the compressor 3 through the four-way valve 4.
  • the compressor 3 boosts the low-pressure gas refrigerant to a high pressure and discharges it.
  • the flow path of the four-way valve 4 is set in the direction of the broken line in FIG.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 3 flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 6 via the four-way valve 4. Thereafter, it is condensed and liquefied in the outdoor heat exchanger 6 to become a high-pressure liquid refrigerant. At this time, the frost adhering to the outdoor heat exchanger 6 is melted and removed by the heat of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 6.
  • the defrosting operation is not limited to that shown in the first embodiment.
  • the four-way valve 4 can be removed without switching or without providing the four-way valve 4 in the outdoor unit 1. Frost operation is possible.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of defrosting start determination control of the air conditioner using the heat pump device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the frosting state detection means 103 detects the evaporator suction air temperature Ta detected by the evaporator suction air temperature detection means 11, the evaporator refrigerant. From the evaporation temperature Te detected by the saturation temperature detection means 10 and the compressor frequency f detected by the compressor frequency detection means 12, the feature quantity T1 shown by the following equation is calculated.
  • T1 (Ta ⁇ Te) / f (1)
  • the compressor frequency f may be a command value sent from the control unit 100 to the compressor 3.
  • step S-3 the frosting state detecting means 103 determines whether or not the feature amount T1 exceeds a preset threshold value S1. If the feature amount T1 exceeds the threshold value S1, the process proceeds to step S-4 to start the defrosting operation. If the feature amount T1 does not exceed the threshold value S1, the process returns to step S-2 and the above process is repeated.
  • a decrease in the evaporation temperature Te of the outdoor heat exchanger 6 may occur due to factors other than a decrease in the evaporation temperature Te caused by frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger 6.
  • the control unit 100 causes the compressor 3 to increase the condensation temperature of the indoor heat exchanger 8. Increase the compressor frequency f. At this time, since the refrigerant speed in the refrigerant circuit increases, the evaporation temperature Te of the outdoor heat exchanger 6 decreases.
  • the frost formation state on the outdoor heat exchanger 6 is detected using the feature amount T1 represented by the equation (1).
  • the evaporation temperature Te decreases, that is, when the value of (Ta ⁇ Te), which is the numerator of the feature amount T1
  • the compressor frequency f that is the denominator of the feature amount T1 also increases. Therefore, when the evaporation temperature Te decreases due to an increase in the compressor frequency f, an increase (fluctuation) in the feature amount T1 can be suppressed.
  • FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the feature amount T1 and the operation time of the compressor 3 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the vertical axis indicates the feature amount T1 and the horizontal axis indicates the operation time of the compressor 3, and the temporal change of the feature amount T1 with respect to the operation time of the compressor 3 is illustrated.
  • the characteristic amount T1 does not change so much and gradually increases as frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger 6 increases with time.
  • the feature amount T1 increases.
  • the feature amount T1 is used to detect the frost formation state on the outdoor heat exchanger 6, that is, the difference between the evaporator intake air temperature Ta and the evaporation temperature Te (Ta Since -Te) is divided by the compressor frequency f, the frost formation state on the outdoor heat exchanger 6 can be accurately detected without being affected by the change in the compressor frequency in addition to the outdoor environment. .
  • Embodiment 2 FIG.
  • the frost formation state on the outdoor heat exchanger 6 is detected using the evaporation temperature Te of the outdoor heat exchanger 6, but the evaporation temperature Te and the evaporation pressure of the outdoor heat exchanger 6 show similar changes. Therefore, even if the evaporation pressure of the outdoor heat exchanger 6 is used, the frost formation state to the outdoor heat exchanger 6 can be detected.
  • items not particularly described are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the same functions are described using the same reference numerals.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a refrigerant circuit of an air conditioner using the heat pump device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the refrigerant circuit instead of the evaporator refrigerant saturation temperature detecting means 10 of the first embodiment, the refrigerant circuit detects the refrigerant pressure of the outdoor heat exchanger 6 (evaporation pressure during heating operation).
  • a refrigerant pressure detecting means 13 is provided.
  • FIG. 6 is a configuration block diagram for detecting a decrease in capacity due to frost formation in the outdoor heat exchanger 6 using the heat pump device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the control unit 100 includes a timer 101, a memory 102, a frosting state detection unit 103, and the like.
  • the timer 101 measures driving time and the like.
  • the memory 102 stores the evaporation pressure Pe, the evaporator suction air temperature Ta, the compressor frequency f, etc. detected by the evaporator refrigerant pressure detection means 13, the evaporator suction air temperature detection means 11, and the compressor frequency detection means 12, respectively.
  • the frost formation state detection means 103 calculates a feature amount T2 described later using the evaporation temperature Tep calculated from the evaporation pressure Pe, the evaporator intake air temperature Ta, and the compressor frequency f, and supplies the outdoor heat exchanger 6 with the feature amount T2. Detect frost formation. Based on the information such as the timer 101, the memory 102, the frosting state detecting means 103, etc., the control unit 100 drives each of the compressor 3, the four-way valve 4, the outdoor heat exchanger fan 7, and the indoor heat exchanger fan 9. Send control signal to.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart of defrosting start determination control of the air conditioner using the heat pump device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the frosting state detecting means 103 detects the evaporator intake air temperature Ta detected by the evaporator intake air temperature detecting means 11, the evaporator refrigerant.
  • Tep calculated from the evaporation pressure Pe detected by the pressure detection means 13 and the compressor frequency f detected by the compressor frequency detection means 12
  • the feature amount T2 represented by the following equation is calculated.
  • T2 (Ta ⁇ Tep) / f (2)
  • the compressor frequency f may be a command value sent from the control unit 100 to the compressor 3.
  • step S-13 the frosting state detection means 103 determines whether or not the feature amount T2 exceeds a preset threshold value S2. When the feature amount T2 exceeds the threshold value S2, the process proceeds to step S-14 and the defrosting operation is started. If the feature amount T2 does not exceed the threshold value S2, the process returns to step S-12 and the above process is repeated.
  • the frost formation state on the outdoor heat exchanger 6 is detected using the feature amount T2 represented by the equation (2). Therefore, as in the first embodiment, when the evaporation temperature Tep (evaporation pressure Pe) decreases due to an increase in the compressor frequency f, an increase (fluctuation) in the feature amount T2 can be suppressed.
  • FIG. 8 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the feature amount T2 and the operation time of the compressor 3 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the vertical axis indicates the feature amount T2 and the horizontal axis indicates the operation time of the compressor 3, and the temporal change of the feature amount T2 with respect to the operation time of the compressor 3 is shown.
  • the characteristic amount T2 does not change so much, and the frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger 6 increases with the passage of time. As the value increases, the feature amount T2 gradually increases.
  • the feature amount T2 is used to detect the frost formation state on the outdoor heat exchanger 6, that is, the evaporation calculated from the evaporator suction air temperature Ta and the evaporation pressure Pe. Since the difference (Ta-Tep) from the temperature Tep is divided by the compressor frequency f, the frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger 6 can be performed without being affected by changes in the compressor frequency in addition to the outdoor environment. It can be detected accurately.
  • Embodiment 3 In the first embodiment, the frost formation state on the outdoor heat exchanger 6 is detected using the feature amount T1, but the frost formation state on the outdoor heat exchanger 6 is detected by using the temporal change amount of the feature amount T1. It can be detected more accurately.
  • items that are not particularly described are the same as those in the above-described embodiment, and the same functions are described using the same reference numerals.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram of a refrigerant circuit of an air conditioner using the heat pump device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • compressor operating time measuring means 14 for measuring the compressor operating time t of the compressor 3 is provided.
  • FIG. 10 is a configuration block diagram for detecting a decrease in capacity due to frost formation in the outdoor heat exchanger 6 using the heat pump device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • the control unit 100 includes a timer 101, a memory 102, a frosting state detection unit 103, and the like.
  • the timer 101 measures driving time and the like.
  • the memory 102 includes the evaporator refrigerant saturation temperature detection means 10, the evaporator suction air temperature detection means 11, the compressor frequency detection means 12, and the compressor operation time measurement means 14 respectively detected by the evaporation temperature Te and the evaporator suction air temperature. Ta, compressor frequency f, compressor operating time t, and the like are stored.
  • the frost formation state detection means 103 calculates the feature amount T1 at the compressor operation time t using the evaporation temperature Te, the evaporator intake air temperature Ta, and the compressor frequency f, and is attached to the outdoor heat exchanger 6. Detect frost conditions. Based on the information such as the timer 101, the memory 102, the frosting state detecting means 103, etc., the control unit 100 drives each of the compressor 3, the four-way valve 4, the outdoor heat exchanger fan 7, and the indoor heat exchanger fan 9. Send control signal to.
  • FIG. 11 is a flowchart of defrosting start determination control for an air conditioner using the heat pump device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • the compressor operation time t is measured by the compressor operation time measuring means 14 in step S-22.
  • the frosting condition detection means 103 is detected by the evaporator suction air temperature Ta detected by the evaporator suction air temperature detection means 11 and the evaporator refrigerant saturation temperature detection means 10 during the compressor operation time t. From the evaporation temperature Te and the compressor frequency f detected by the compressor frequency detection means 12, the feature amount T1 shown in the equation (1) is calculated and stored in the memory 102.
  • step S-24 it is determined whether or not a preset change amount detection time D (for example, 5 minutes) has elapsed. If the change amount detection time D (for example, 5 minutes) has elapsed, the process proceeds to step S-25. If not, the process returns to step S-22 and the above process is repeated.
  • a preset change amount detection time D for example, 5 minutes
  • step S-25 the frosting condition detecting means 103 obtains a value obtained by subtracting the feature value T1 (tD) in the compressor operation time (tD) from the feature value T1 (t) in the compressor operation time t. That is, T1 (t) ⁇ T1 (t ⁇ D) is calculated as the temporal change amount of the feature amount T1.
  • T1 (t) ⁇ T1 (t ⁇ D) is calculated as the temporal change amount of the feature amount T1.
  • the compressor operation time t is measured by the compressor operation time measuring means 14, but may be measured by the timer 101. Moreover, although the compressor frequency f was detected by the compressor frequency detection means 12, you may use the command value sent to the compressor 3 from the control part 100. FIG.
  • FIG. 12 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the amount of time change of the feature amount T1 and the operation time of the compressor 3 according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • the vertical axis represents the time variation of the feature amount T1
  • the horizontal axis represents the time variation of the time variation of the feature amount T1 with respect to the compressor 3 operation time.
  • the feature amount T1 does not change so much even if the evaporation temperature Te decreases due to an increase in the compressor frequency f.
  • the temporal change amount of the feature amount T1 is similarly changed when the evaporating temperature Te is lowered due to the increase in the compressor frequency f, and the temporal change amount of the feature amount T1 does not change so much.
  • the temporal change amount of the feature amount T1 gradually increases.
  • the feature amount T1 is used to detect the frost formation state on the outdoor heat exchanger 6 as in the first embodiment. Therefore, in addition to the outdoor environment, the compressor frequency Without being affected by the change, the frost formation state on the outdoor heat exchanger 6 can be accurately detected.
  • the temporal change amount of the characteristic amount T1 is used for detecting the frost formation state on the outdoor heat exchanger 6, the evaporator refrigerant saturation temperature detection means 10, the evaporator suction air temperature detection means 11, and Even if the detection value of the compressor frequency detection means 12 is shifted, the frost formation state on the outdoor heat exchanger 6 can be accurately detected.
  • Embodiment 4 FIG.
  • the frost formation state on the outdoor heat exchanger 6 is detected using the temporal change amount of the feature amount T1
  • the frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger 6 is also detected using the temporal change amount of the feature amount T2.
  • the situation can be detected.
  • items that are not particularly described are the same as those in the above-described embodiment, and the same functions are described using the same reference numerals.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic configuration diagram of a refrigerant circuit of an air conditioner using the heat pump device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • compressor operating time measuring means 14 for measuring the compressor operating time t of the compressor 3 is provided.
  • FIG. 14 is a configuration block diagram for detecting a decrease in capacity due to frost formation in the outdoor heat exchanger 6 using the heat pump device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • the control unit 100 includes a timer 101, a memory 102, a frosting state detection unit 103, and the like.
  • the timer 101 measures driving time and the like.
  • the memory 102 includes the evaporator refrigerant pressure detection means 13, the evaporator suction air temperature detection means 11, the compressor frequency detection means 12, and the compressor operation time measurement means 14 respectively detected by the evaporation pressure Pe and the evaporator suction air temperature Ta.
  • the compressor frequency f, the compressor operating time t, and the like are stored.
  • the frost formation state detection means 103 calculates the feature amount T2 at the compressor operation time t using the evaporation temperature Tep calculated from the evaporation pressure Pe, the evaporator suction air temperature Ta, and the compressor frequency f, and the outdoor The frost formation state to the heat exchanger 6 is detected. Based on the information such as the timer 101, the memory 102, the frosting state detecting means 103, etc., the control unit 100 drives each of the compressor 3, the four-way valve 4, the outdoor heat exchanger fan 7, and the indoor heat exchanger fan 9. Send control signal to.
  • FIG. 15 is a flowchart of defrosting start determination control for an air conditioner using the heat pump device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • the compressor operation time t is measured by the compressor operation time measuring means 14 in step S-32.
  • the frosting condition detection means 103 is detected by the evaporator suction air temperature Ta detected by the evaporator suction air temperature detection means 11 and the evaporator refrigerant pressure detection means 13 during the compressor operation time t. From the evaporation temperature Tep calculated from the evaporation pressure Pe and the compressor frequency f detected by the compressor frequency detecting means 12, the feature amount T2 shown in the equation (2) is calculated and stored in the memory 102.
  • step S-34 it is determined whether or not a preset change amount detection time D (for example, 5 minutes) has elapsed. If the change amount detection time D (for example, 5 minutes) has elapsed, the process proceeds to step S-35. If not, the process returns to step S-32 and the above process is repeated.
  • a preset change amount detection time D for example, 5 minutes
  • step S-35 the frosting state detecting means 103 obtains a value obtained by subtracting the feature value T2 (tD) in the compressor operation time (tD) from the feature value T2 (t) in the compressor operation time t. That is, T2 (t) ⁇ T2 (t ⁇ D) is calculated as the temporal change amount of the feature amount T2.
  • T2 (t) ⁇ T2 (t ⁇ D) is calculated as the temporal change amount of the feature amount T2.
  • the compressor operating time t is measured by the compressor operating time measuring unit 14, but may be measured by the timer 101. Moreover, although the compressor frequency f was detected by the compressor frequency detection means 12, you may use the command value sent to the compressor 3 from the control part 100. FIG.
  • FIG. 16 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the temporal change amount of the feature amount T2 and the operation time of the compressor 3 according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • the time variation of the feature amount T ⁇ b> 2 with respect to the operation time of the compressor 3 is shown with time, with the vertical axis representing the time variation amount of the feature amount T ⁇ b> 2 and the horizontal axis representing the operation time of the compressor 3.
  • the feature amount T2 does not change so much even if the evaporation temperature Te decreases due to an increase in the compressor frequency f. For this reason, the amount of time change of the feature amount T2 is similarly changed when the evaporation temperature Te is lowered due to the increase of the compressor frequency f.
  • the temporal change amount of the feature amount T2 gradually increases.
  • the feature amount T2 is used to detect the frost formation state on the outdoor heat exchanger 6 as in the second embodiment. Therefore, in addition to the outdoor environment, the compressor frequency Without being affected by the change, the frost formation state on the outdoor heat exchanger 6 can be accurately detected.
  • the temporal change amount of the characteristic amount T2 is used for detecting the frost formation state on the outdoor heat exchanger 6, as in the third embodiment, the evaporator refrigerant pressure detection means 13 and the evaporator suction according to the secular change. Even if the detection values of the air temperature detection means 11 and the compressor frequency detection means 12 are shifted, the frost formation state on the outdoor heat exchanger 6 can be accurately detected.
  • Embodiment 5 In an environment in which the evaporator intake air temperature detection means 11 cannot detect the evaporator intake air temperature Ta due to, for example, being covered with snow (an environment in which the evaporator intake air temperature Ta is erroneously detected), the present embodiment The means shown in the form 5 can accurately detect the frost formation state on the outdoor heat exchanger 6.
  • items not particularly described are the same as those in the above-described embodiment, and the same functions are described using the same reference numerals.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic configuration diagram of a refrigerant circuit of an air conditioner using the heat pump device according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • the evaporator suction air temperature detection means 11 for detecting the evaporator suction air temperature Ta and the compressor frequency detection means 12 for detecting the compressor frequency f from the refrigerant circuit of the third embodiment are provided. It has been removed.
  • FIG. 18 is a configuration block diagram for detecting a decrease in capacity due to frost formation in the outdoor heat exchanger 6 using the heat pump device according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • the control unit 100 includes a timer 101, a memory 102, a frost formation state detection unit 103, and the like.
  • the timer 101 measures driving time and the like.
  • the memory 102 stores the evaporation temperature Te, the compressor operation time t, and the like detected by the evaporator refrigerant saturation temperature detection unit 10 and the compressor operation time measurement unit 14, respectively.
  • the frost formation state detection means 103 calculates a temporal change amount of a feature amount T3, which will be described later, and detects the frost formation state on the outdoor heat exchanger 6. Based on information such as the timer 101, the memory 102, and the frosting state detection means 103, the control unit 100 supplies the driving units of the compressor 3, the four-way valve 4, the outdoor heat exchanger fan 7, and the indoor heat exchanger fan 9. Send a control signal.
  • FIG. 19 is a flowchart of defrosting start determination control for an air conditioner using the heat pump device according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • the compressor operation time t is measured by the compressor operation time measuring means 14 in step S-42.
  • step S-44 it is determined whether or not a preset change amount detection time D (for example, 5 minutes) has elapsed. If the change amount detection time D (for example, 5 minutes) has elapsed, the process proceeds to step S-45. If not, the process returns to step S-42 and the above process is repeated.
  • a preset change amount detection time D for example, 5 minutes
  • step S-45 the frosting condition detecting means 103 obtains a value obtained by subtracting the feature value T3 (t) at the compressor operation time t from the feature value T3 (tD) at the compressor operation time (tD). That is, T3 (t ⁇ D) ⁇ T3 (t) is calculated as the time change amount of the feature amount T3.
  • T3 (t ⁇ D) ⁇ T3 (t) is calculated as the time change amount of the feature amount T3.
  • the compressor operating time t is measured by the compressor operating time measuring means 14, but may be measured by the timer 101.
  • FIG. 20 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the temporal change amount of the feature amount T3 and the operation time of the compressor 3 according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • the time variation of the feature amount T3 with respect to the operation time of the compressor 3 is shown with time, with the vertical axis representing the time variation amount of the feature amount T3 and the horizontal axis representing the operation time of the compressor 3.
  • the frost on the outdoor heat exchanger 6 increases with the passage of time, the temporal change amount of the feature amount T3 gradually increases.
  • the evaporator intake air temperature Ta is not included in the calculation of the feature amount T3 used for detecting the frost formation state on the outdoor heat exchanger 6, and thus, for example, it is covered with snow.
  • the frost formation state on the outdoor heat exchanger 6 can be accurately detected.
  • the temporal change amount of the characteristic amount T3 is used for detecting the frost formation state on the outdoor heat exchanger 6, even if the detected value of the evaporator refrigerant saturation temperature detecting means 10 is shifted due to secular change, the outdoor amount The frost formation state to the heat exchanger 6 can be detected accurately.
  • Embodiment 6 FIG.
  • the frost formation state on the outdoor heat exchanger 6 is detected using the evaporation temperature Te of the outdoor heat exchanger 6, but the evaporation temperature Te and the evaporation pressure of the outdoor heat exchanger 6 show similar changes. Therefore, even if the evaporation pressure of the outdoor heat exchanger 6 is used, the frost formation state to the outdoor heat exchanger 6 can be detected.
  • items not particularly described are the same as those in the above-described embodiment, and the same functions are described using the same reference numerals.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic configuration diagram of a refrigerant circuit of an air conditioner using the heat pump device according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • the refrigerant circuit instead of the evaporator refrigerant saturation temperature detecting means 10 of the fifth embodiment, uses an evaporation for detecting the refrigerant pressure of the outdoor heat exchanger 6 (evaporation pressure during heating operation).
  • a refrigerant pressure detecting means 13 is provided.
  • FIG. 22 is a configuration block diagram for detecting a decrease in capacity due to frost formation in the outdoor heat exchanger 6 using the heat pump device according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • the control unit 100 includes a timer 101, a memory 102, a frost formation state detection unit 103, and the like.
  • the timer 101 measures driving time and the like.
  • the memory 102 stores the evaporation pressure Pe, the compressor operation time t, and the like detected by the evaporator refrigerant pressure detection unit 13 and the compressor operation time measurement unit 14, respectively.
  • the frost formation state detection means 103 calculates a temporal change amount of a feature amount T4, which will be described later, and detects the frost formation state on the outdoor heat exchanger 6. Based on information such as the timer 101, the memory 102, and the frosting state detection means 103, the control unit 100 supplies the driving units of the compressor 3, the four-way valve 4, the outdoor heat exchanger fan 7, and the indoor heat exchanger fan 9. Send a control signal.
  • FIG. 23 is a flowchart of defrosting start determination control for an air conditioner using the heat pump device according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • the compressor operation time t is measured by the compressor operation time measuring means 14 in step S-52.
  • step S-54 it is determined whether or not a preset change amount detection time D (for example, 5 minutes) has elapsed. If the change amount detection time D (for example, 5 minutes) has elapsed, the process proceeds to step S-55. If not, the process returns to step S-52 and the above process is repeated.
  • a preset change amount detection time D for example, 5 minutes
  • step S-55 the frosting condition detecting means 103 obtains a value obtained by subtracting the feature value T4 (t) at the compressor operation time t from the feature value T4 (tD) at the compressor operation time (tD). That is, T4 (t ⁇ D) ⁇ T4 (t) is calculated as the time change amount of the feature amount T4.
  • T4 (t ⁇ D) ⁇ T4 (t) is calculated as the time change amount of the feature amount T4.
  • the compressor operating time t is measured by the compressor operating time measuring means 14, but may be measured by the timer 101.
  • FIG. 24 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the temporal change amount of the feature amount T4 and the operation time of the compressor 3 according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • the temporal change of the time change amount of the feature amount T4 with respect to the operation time of the compressor 3 is shown with the vertical axis representing the time change amount of the feature amount T4 and the horizontal axis representing the operation time of the compressor 3.
  • the frost on the outdoor heat exchanger 6 increases with time, the temporal change amount of the feature amount T4 gradually increases.
  • the evaporator intake air temperature Ta is not included in the calculation of the feature amount T4 used for detecting the frost formation state on the outdoor heat exchanger 6, and thus, for example, it is covered with snow.
  • the frost formation state on the outdoor heat exchanger 6 can be accurately detected.
  • the temporal change amount of the characteristic amount T4 is used for detecting the frost formation state on the outdoor heat exchanger 6, even if the detection value of the evaporator refrigerant pressure detecting means 13 is shifted due to aging, the outdoor heat The frost formation state to the exchanger 6 can be accurately detected.
  • the temporal change amount of the feature amount T (1 to 4) is set to the feature amount T (t) before the current feature amount T (t) and the change amount detection time D (for example, 5 minutes). Difference from -D). This is because malfunction due to fluctuations in the outside air temperature when frosting over a long period of time can be prevented, but D is not particularly limited as long as the frosting state can be accurately detected. For example, 4 minutes Or it is good also as 10 minutes.
  • the temporal change amount of the feature amount T may be a difference between the feature amount T (tD) before a certain reference time (for example, 20 minutes after the compressor 3 is started) and the current feature amount T (t).
  • a certain reference time for example, 20 minutes after the compressor 3 is started
  • the reference time is set to 20 minutes, for example, because it is confirmed that the refrigeration cycle is sufficiently stable and the frost state can be detected, but the refrigeration cycle is sufficiently stable to detect the frost state. If possible, the reference time may be 10 minutes or 30 minutes, for example.
  • Embodiment 7 the detection of the frosting condition on the outdoor heat exchanger 6 is started immediately after the start of the compressor 3 (start of the heating operation). By starting detection of the frosting condition on the outdoor heat exchanger 6 after the elapse of time (th), it is possible to avoid the frosting condition determination in the unstable state of the refrigeration cycle due to pull-down, and the defrosting operation error. The operation can be prevented.
  • start of the heating operation By starting detection of the frosting condition on the outdoor heat exchanger 6 after the elapse of time (th), it is possible to avoid the frosting condition determination in the unstable state of the refrigeration cycle due to pull-down, and the defrosting operation error. The operation can be prevented.
  • the seventh embodiment will be described below using the configuration of the third embodiment. Further, items not particularly described are the same as those in the above embodiment, and the same functions are described using the same reference numerals.
  • FIG. 25 is a flowchart of defrosting start determination control of the air conditioner using the heat pump device according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
  • the compressor operation time t is measured by the compressor operation time measuring means 14 in step S-22.
  • step S-22-1 it is determined whether or not the compressor operating time t has passed a preset defrosting non-operation time th. If it has elapsed, the process proceeds to step S-23, where If the operating time th has not elapsed, the process returns to step S-22 and the process is repeated.
  • step S-23 the frosting condition detection means 103 is detected by the evaporator suction air temperature Ta detected by the evaporator suction air temperature detection means 11 and the evaporator refrigerant saturation temperature detection means 10 during the compressor operation time t. From the evaporation temperature Te and the compressor frequency f detected by the compressor frequency detection means 12, the feature amount T1 shown in the equation (1) is calculated and stored in the memory 102. Thereafter, in step S-24, it is determined whether or not a preset change amount detection time D (for example, 5 minutes) has elapsed. When the change amount detection time D (for example, 5 minutes) has elapsed, the process proceeds to step S-25, and when it has not elapsed, the process returns to step S-23 and the above process is repeated.
  • a preset change amount detection time D for example, 5 minutes
  • step S-25 the frosting condition detecting means 103 obtains a value obtained by subtracting the feature value T1 (tD) in the compressor operation time (tD) from the feature value T1 (t) in the compressor operation time t. That is, T1 (t) ⁇ T1 (t ⁇ D) is calculated as the temporal change amount of the feature amount T1.
  • T1 (t) ⁇ T1 (t ⁇ D) is calculated as the temporal change amount of the feature amount T1.
  • FIG. 26 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the amount of time change of the characteristic amount T1 and the operation time of the compressor 3 when the air conditioner according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention performs pull-down operation.
  • the time change of the feature amount T1 with respect to the operation time of the compressor 3 is shown with time, with the vertical axis representing the time change amount of the feature amount T1 and the horizontal axis representing the operation time of the compressor 3.
  • the air conditioner temporarily changes the frequency of the compressor 3. Pull up to heat up the room suddenly.
  • the evaporation temperature Te rapidly decreases (the feature amount T1 rapidly increases), that is, the temporal change amount of the feature amount T1 rapidly increases, and the temporal change amount of the feature amount T1 is reduced as shown in FIG. Temporarily overshoot.
  • the outdoor heat exchange is performed by a temporary overshoot of the temporal change amount of the feature amount T1 during the pull-down operation. It is possible to prevent erroneous detection of the frosting condition on the vessel 6.
  • the defrosting non-operation time th may not be set to a predetermined time, and the next defrosting non-operation time th_next may be determined based on the defrosting operation time (t_def) before the heating operation.
  • FIG. 27 is a flowchart for determining the next defrosting non-operation time th_next.
  • step S-63 When the defrosting operation is completed in step S-63, the defrosting operation time t_def is measured by the timer 101 in step S-64. In step S-65, the next defrosting non-operation time th_next is calculated based on the defrosting operation time t_def. Thereafter, the process proceeds to step S-66 to start the heating operation.
  • step S-66 the process proceeds to step S-66 to start the heating operation.
  • Embodiment 8 FIG.
  • the defrosting operation is started when the feature amount T or the temporal change amount of the feature amount T exceeds a certain threshold value S, but the state exceeding the certain threshold value S is a predetermined time. (X minutes) You may make it start a defrost operation when it continues.
  • the present invention can be implemented in any of the configurations of the first to seventh embodiments, the present embodiment 8 will be described below using the configuration of the third embodiment. Further, items not particularly described are the same as those in the above-described embodiment, and the same functions are described using the same reference numerals.
  • FIG. 28 is a block diagram showing a configuration for detecting a decrease in capacity due to frost formation in the outdoor heat exchanger 6 using the heat pump device according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the control unit 100 includes a timer 101, a memory 102, a frost formation state detection unit 103, a defrost permission unit 104, and the like.
  • the timer 101 measures driving time and the like.
  • the memory 102 includes the evaporator refrigerant saturation temperature detection means 10, the evaporator suction air temperature detection means 11, the compressor frequency detection means 12, and the compressor operation time measurement means 14 respectively detected by the evaporation temperature Te and the evaporator suction air temperature. Ta, compressor frequency f, compressor operating time t, and the like are stored.
  • the frost formation state detection means 103 calculates the feature amount T1 at the compressor operation time t using the evaporation temperature Te, the evaporator intake air temperature Ta, and the compressor frequency f, and is attached to the outdoor heat exchanger 6. Detect frost conditions.
  • the defrost permission unit 104 permits the defrosting operation based on the detection result of the frosting state detection unit. Based on the information such as the timer 101, the memory 102, the frosting condition detecting means 103, the defrosting permission means 104, and the like, the control unit 100 uses the compressor 3, the four-way valve 4, the outdoor heat exchanger fan 7, and the indoor heat exchanger fan. A control signal is sent to each drive unit 9.
  • FIG. 29 is a flowchart of defrosting start determination control for an air conditioner using the heat pump device according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention.
  • the compressor operation time t is measured by the compressor operation time measuring means 14 in step S-22.
  • the frosting condition detection means 103 is detected by the evaporator suction air temperature Ta detected by the evaporator suction air temperature detection means 11 and the evaporator refrigerant saturation temperature detection means 10 during the compressor operation time t. From the evaporation temperature Te and the compressor frequency f detected by the compressor frequency detection means 12, the feature amount T1 shown in the equation (1) is calculated and stored in the memory 102.
  • step S-24 it is determined whether or not a preset change amount detection time D (for example, 5 minutes) has elapsed. If the change amount detection time D (for example, 5 minutes) has elapsed, the process proceeds to step S-25. If not, the process returns to step S-22 and the above process is repeated.
  • a preset change amount detection time D for example, 5 minutes
  • step S-25 the frosting condition detecting means 103 obtains a value obtained by subtracting the feature value T1 (tD) in the compressor operation time (tD) from the feature value T1 (t) in the compressor operation time t. That is, T1 (t) ⁇ T1 (t ⁇ D) is calculated as the time change amount of the feature amount T1, and it is determined whether or not the time change amount of the feature amount T1 is larger than the threshold value S3. Further, the defrost permission unit 104 determines whether or not the state in which the amount of change in the feature amount T1 with time is greater than the threshold value S3 has continued for a preset frost determination time (X minutes).
  • step S-26 the process proceeds to step S-26 to start the defrosting operation.
  • the process returns to step S-22 to continue the heating operation.
  • the compressor operating time t is measured by the compressor operating time measuring means 14, but may be measured by the timer 101. Moreover, although the compressor frequency f was detected by the compressor frequency detection means 12, you may use the command value sent to the compressor 3 from the control part 100. FIG.
  • the control unit 100 increases the frequency of the indoor heat exchanger fan 9.
  • the frequency of the indoor heat exchanger fan 9 increases, heat exchange between the indoor heat exchanger 8 and the air sent from the indoor heat exchanger fan 9 to the indoor heat exchanger 8 is promoted, and the indoor heat exchanger 8 condenses.
  • the temperature decreases, and the evaporation temperature Te of the outdoor heat exchanger 6 also temporarily decreases as the condensation temperature decreases. Further, the detected value of the evaporation temperature Te of the outdoor heat exchanger 6 may temporarily decrease due to noise or the like.
  • the eighth embodiment when the state in which the amount of change in the feature amount T1 is larger than the threshold value S3 continues for a predetermined frosting determination time (X minutes), outdoor heat exchange is performed. It is determined that the heating capacity is reduced due to frost formation on the vessel 6. For this reason, even if the evaporating temperature Te temporarily decreases, it is possible to prevent erroneous determination that the heating capacity has decreased due to frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger 6.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 6 when the state in which the temporal change amount of the feature amount T1 is larger than the threshold value S3 continues for a predetermined frosting determination time (X minutes) or longer. Since it is determined that the heating capacity is reduced due to frost formation, the heating capacity is reduced due to frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger 6 even if the evaporation temperature Te temporarily decreases due to a change in operating state, noise, or the like. It is possible to accurately detect the frosting state without erroneously determining that it has decreased.
  • Embodiment 9 FIG.
  • the frost formation state on the outdoor heat exchanger 6 is indirectly detected based on the evaporation temperature or the like, but the frost formation state on the outdoor heat exchanger 6 is directly detected.
  • the frost formation state to the outdoor heat exchanger 6 can be detected more correctly.
  • FIG. 30 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of a second frost formation state detection unit according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the optical frosting sensor 21 includes a light emitting unit 21a and a light receiving unit 21b of an optical sensor such as an LED, for example.
  • the light emitting unit 21a emits light toward the fins 6a of the outdoor heat exchanger 6, and the light receiving unit 21b receives the light reflected by the fins 6a.
  • the light amount determination control unit 22 controls the light emission amount from the light emitting unit 21a, that is, the output voltage of the light emitting unit 21a, so that the light reception amount of the light receiving unit 21b is constant.
  • FIG. 31 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the output voltage [V] of the light emitting unit 21a and the operation time of the compressor 3.
  • the vertical axis represents the output voltage [V] of the light emitting unit 21a
  • the horizontal axis represents the operation time of the compressor 3
  • the time change of the output voltage [V] of the light emitting unit 21a with respect to the operation time of the compressor 3 is shown. ing.
  • the fins 6a of the outdoor heat exchanger 6 begin to form frost. Light emitted from the light emitting unit 21a toward the fins 6a is diffused by frost, and the amount of light received by the light receiving unit 21b decreases.
  • the output voltage of the light emission part 21a increases so that the light reception amount of the light reception part 21b may become constant.
  • the frost formation state on the outdoor heat exchanger 6 can be directly detected.
  • an electrode may be installed at a position where the frost adhering to the outdoor heat exchanger 6 comes into contact with the frost formation state detecting means.
  • FIG. 32 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the fin-electrode capacitance [F] of the outdoor heat exchanger 6 and the operation time of the compressor 3 in Embodiment 9 of the present invention.
  • the vertical axis indicates the capacitance [F] and the horizontal axis indicates the operation time of the compressor 3, and the temporal change of the capacitance [F] with respect to the operation time of the compressor 3 is shown.
  • the other electrode is used as a fin of the outdoor heat exchanger 6 and the capacitance between both electrodes is measured.
  • the fins of the outdoor heat exchanger 6 begin to form frost.
  • the capacitance [F] between the fins and the electrodes of the outdoor heat exchanger 6 decreases. By reducing the capacitance [F], it is possible to directly detect the frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger 6.
  • a radiation temperature detecting means for measuring the radiation temperature (frost layer surface temperature) on the surface of the outdoor heat exchanger 6 may be installed as the second frosting state detecting means.
  • FIG. 33 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the radiation temperature (frost layer surface temperature) [° C.] on the surface of the outdoor heat exchanger 6 and the operating time of the compressor 3 in Embodiment 9 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 33 also shows the evaporation temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 6.
  • the fins of the outdoor heat exchanger 6 start frosting.
  • the radiation temperature frost layer surface temperature
  • the radiation temperature frost layer surface temperature
  • the air conditioner using the heat pump device of the present invention has been described. However, it is of course possible to use the heat pump device of the present invention for a water heater.
  • control part 100 of each embodiment can be comprised from CPU, a microcomputer, etc. with which each frosting condition detection means 103 was programmed.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil de pompe à chaleur capable de détecter de manière précise un état de givrage d'un évaporateur sans être affecté par la variation d'un environnement intérieur ou la variation de fréquence d'un compresseur. L'invention concerne également un climatiseur ou un chauffe-eau sur lequel l'appareil de pompe à chaleur est monté. L'appareil de pompe à chaleur comprend un circuit de fluide frigorigène qui comprend un compresseur (3), un échangeur intérieur de chaleur (8) (condenseur), une vanne de détente (5), et un échangeur extérieur de chaleur (6) (évaporateur) reliés en séquence. L'appareil de pompe à chaleur comprend un moyen de détection de la température de saturation de fluide frigorigène de l'évaporateur (10) qui détecte la température d'évaporation (Te) dans l'échangeur extérieur de chaleur (6), un moyen de détection de la température d'air d'aspiration de l'évaporateur (11) qui détecte une température d'air d'aspiration de l'évaporateur (Ta) dans l'échangeur extérieur de chaleur (6), un moyen de détection de la fréquence du compresseur (12) qui détecte une fréquence de compresseur (f) du compresseur (3), et un moyen de détection de l'état de givrage (103) qui détecte l'état de givrage de l'échangeur de chaleur extérieur (6). Le moyen de détection de l'état de givrage (103) détecte la dégradation de la performance d'échange de chaleur due au givrage de l'échangeur de chaleur extérieur (6), sur la base d'une valeur caractéristique (T1) qui est une valeur d'exploitation obtenue en divisant la différence entre la température d'air d'aspiration de l'évaporateur (Ta) et la température d'évaporation (Te) par la fréquence de compresseur (f).
PCT/JP2008/050671 2008-01-21 2008-01-21 Appareil de pompe à chaleur et climatiseur ou chauffe-eau sur lequel est monté l'appareil de pompe à chaleur WO2009093297A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15180070.3A EP2980498B1 (fr) 2008-01-21 2008-01-21 Pompe à chaleur et climatiseur ou chauffe-eau équipés de celle-ci
JP2009550383A JP5528119B2 (ja) 2008-01-21 2008-01-21 ヒートポンプ装置及びこのヒートポンプ装置を搭載した空気調和機又は給湯器
EP15180055.4A EP2980497B1 (fr) 2008-01-21 2008-01-21 Pompe à chaleur et climatiseur ou chauffe-eau équipés de celle-ci
EP08703521.8A EP2157380B1 (fr) 2008-01-21 2008-01-21 Appareil de pompe à chaleur et climatiseur ou chauffe-eau sur lequel est monté l'appareil de pompe à chaleur
PCT/JP2008/050671 WO2009093297A1 (fr) 2008-01-21 2008-01-21 Appareil de pompe à chaleur et climatiseur ou chauffe-eau sur lequel est monté l'appareil de pompe à chaleur

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2008/050671 WO2009093297A1 (fr) 2008-01-21 2008-01-21 Appareil de pompe à chaleur et climatiseur ou chauffe-eau sur lequel est monté l'appareil de pompe à chaleur

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WO2009093297A1 true WO2009093297A1 (fr) 2009-07-30

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EP (3) EP2980497B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5528119B2 (fr)
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CN111174437A (zh) * 2018-11-13 2020-05-19 艾欧史密斯(中国)热水器有限公司 热泵热水器的控制方法
CN112856716A (zh) * 2021-01-15 2021-05-28 广东美的暖通设备有限公司 一种空调系统及其冷媒状态检测方法和装置
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EP2980497A1 (fr) 2016-02-03
EP2157380A1 (fr) 2010-02-24
EP2157380B1 (fr) 2019-10-02
EP2980497B1 (fr) 2022-09-14
JPWO2009093297A1 (ja) 2011-05-26
EP2157380A4 (fr) 2015-02-18
EP2980498A1 (fr) 2016-02-03
JP5528119B2 (ja) 2014-06-25

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