WO2009084348A1 - 金属被接合部材の接合方法及び接合構造 - Google Patents
金属被接合部材の接合方法及び接合構造 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009084348A1 WO2009084348A1 PCT/JP2008/071489 JP2008071489W WO2009084348A1 WO 2009084348 A1 WO2009084348 A1 WO 2009084348A1 JP 2008071489 W JP2008071489 W JP 2008071489W WO 2009084348 A1 WO2009084348 A1 WO 2009084348A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- insertion hole
- adhesive
- joined
- joint
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 202
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 202
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 34
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000257465 Echinoidea Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 26
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 17
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000037237 body shape Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013007 heat curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L13/00—Non-disconnectible pipe-joints, e.g. soldered, adhesive or caulked joints
- F16L13/10—Adhesive or cemented joints
- F16L13/103—Adhesive joints
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B11/00—Connecting constructional elements or machine parts by sticking or pressing them together, e.g. cold pressure welding
- F16B11/006—Connecting constructional elements or machine parts by sticking or pressing them together, e.g. cold pressure welding by gluing
- F16B11/008—Connecting constructional elements or machine parts by sticking or pressing them together, e.g. cold pressure welding by gluing of tubular elements or rods in coaxial engagement
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L13/00—Non-disconnectible pipe-joints, e.g. soldered, adhesive or caulked joints
- F16L13/10—Adhesive or cemented joints
- F16L13/11—Adhesive or cemented joints using materials which fill the space between parts of a joint before hardening
- F16L13/116—Adhesive or cemented joints using materials which fill the space between parts of a joint before hardening for socket pipes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B2200/00—Constructional details of connections not covered for in other groups of this subclass
- F16B2200/10—Details of socket shapes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
- F16B5/0004—Joining sheets, plates or panels in abutting relationship
- F16B5/0008—Joining sheets, plates or panels in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels substantially in their own plane, perpendicular to the abutting edge
- F16B5/0028—Joining sheets, plates or panels in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels substantially in their own plane, perpendicular to the abutting edge using I-shaped connectors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
- Y10T403/47—Molded joint
- Y10T403/473—Socket or open cup for bonding material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
- Y10T403/55—Member ends joined by inserted section
- Y10T403/551—Externally bridged
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for joining a metal member to be joined, such as a metal pipe (steel pipe, iron tube, stainless steel pipe, etc.) or a steel plate, which is strongly joined by an adhesive without welding, and implementation of this method. It relates to a metal insertion joint used in.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a technique in which an end portion of a hard vinyl chloride pipe is inserted into an insertion hole of a receiving portion of a pipe joint made of the same material and bonded to be joined.
- the inner peripheral surface of the insertion hole of the receiving port portion is a tapered surface that gradually decreases in diameter from the opening side of the receiving port portion toward the back side, and the outer surface of the outer peripheral portion of the receiving port portion is from the back side of the receiving port portion.
- the hard vinyl chloride pipe and the pipe joint are made of hard vinyl chloride material, a swelling layer of about 0.1 mm thickness is formed on the surface to which the adhesive is applied, and the hard hole is formed in the insertion hole of the receiving portion.
- these swelling layers are brought into contact with each other in a compact state, and a necessary adhesive strength is obtained.
- the outer peripheral surface of the receiving port portion is a tapered surface that gradually becomes smaller in diameter from the back side of the receiving port portion toward the opening side, the insertion of the receiving port portion is performed under the condition that the hard vinyl chloride tube and the receiving port portion are joined. A sudden change in the shape of the joint structure is avoided at the opening end face of the hole, and the following two actions are obtained.
- one of them is that stress concentration caused by the discontinuous shape is suppressed at the hard vinyl chloride pipe portion near the opening end face, and breakage of the hard vinyl chloride pipe near the opening end face is prevented. It is said that.
- the other is that when the adhesive is applied to the end of the hard vinyl chloride tube and the insertion hole of the receiving port and the end of the hard vinyl chloride tube is pushed into the insertion hole, the adhesive is received by the receiving port. Leaks onto the outer peripheral surface of the rigid polyvinyl chloride tube, which is near the opening end surface of the tube, but since the shape change at the opening end surface of the receiving port portion is reduced, the leaked adhesive can be completely wiped off and removed. As a result, the adverse effects peculiar to the hard vinyl chloride pipe generated due to the leaked solvent of the adhesive are avoided.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a technique in which an end portion of a GFRP (glass fiber reinforced plastics) tube is fitted into an insertion hole of a receiving portion of a pipe joint made of the same material and bonded and bonded.
- GFRP glass fiber reinforced plastics
- the pipe joint is formed into a tapered surface having a gradually decreasing diameter from the opening side of the opening to the inner side of the insertion hole of the receiving port, and the outer surface of the outer periphery of the receiving port is directly adjusted.
- the GFRP tube has a tapered surface in which the outer peripheral surface of the end portion gradually decreases in diameter toward the end surface.
- the receiving port portion is a tapered surface having a gradually decreasing diameter from the opening side toward the back side, the opening side end surface of the receiving port portion is in a state where the GFRP tube and the receiving port portion are joined.
- the point that abrupt shape change is avoided is the same as that of Patent Document 1, and as a result, stress concentration due to the abrupt shape change occurs in the vicinity of the end surface on the opening side of the receiving portion of the GFRP tube when an external force is applied. It is unlikely that the GFRP tube breaks due to stress concentration near the end surface on the opening side of the opening.
- Non-Patent Document 1 In academic societies, as shown in Non-Patent Document 1 regarding metal bonding, studies on tapered shaft joints have been made in the past, and it has been reported that the tensile strength is improved by using a tapered shape.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 are to join a hard vinyl chloride pipe or a GFRP pipe via a joint or an adhesive, but are representative materials for metal pipes and metal bars.
- Steel materials have higher specific gravity than materials such as hard vinyl chloride tubes and GFRP tubes, and have different properties in strength deformation and viscosity. Moreover, it is inferior in the chemical compatibility with an adhesive agent, and is not discussed equally.
- Non-Patent Document 1 unlike the prior Patent Documents 1 and 2, it is for a metal tube, and by concentrating, stress concentration due to shape change is less likely to occur at the end face of the joint receiving port. That is stated.
- this load test although it is a resultant force of a tensile force (180 MPa) and a torsional force (180 MPa), the joint is broken at a load smaller than the tensile strength of a general rolled steel material of 400 MPa.
- Non-Patent Document 1 it is reported that the thickness of the adhesive layer is 0.05 mm, but the difference between the inner peripheral diameter of the joint receiving port and the outer peripheral diameter of the metal tube inserted therein Is 0.1 mm, the adhesive applied between the metal tube and the receiving port is scraped and lost when the metal tube is inserted into the receiving port. .05 mm is extremely difficult.
- the JIS standard defines the thickness of a joint to be used according to the steel pipe to be connected. Specifically, the thickness of the joint is required to be such that the base material of the steel pipe connected to the joint is cut in the tensile test. Similarly, the welded connection requires a welding strength such that the base material of the steel pipe is cut, and the leg length on the outer periphery of the metal pipe with respect to the side surface d of the joint 200 as shown in FIG. It is determined to extend. In addition, the inner peripheral surface of the joint receiving port and the outer periphery of the metal tube are in contact with each other, and are not used as an index for obtaining connection strength.
- An object of the present invention is to join a metal-bonded member with an adhesive so that a tensile strength equal to or higher than that of the base material of the member to be bonded can be obtained.
- a method for joining metal members to be joined according to the present invention is characterized in that an end portion of a metal member is inserted and a receiving hole portion formed with an insertion hole to be bonded with an adhesive is formed.
- the outer surface of the receiving part extending from the opening end to the inner side thereof is a tapered surface that gradually increases from the opening end of the receiving part toward the inner side of the receiving part, and the tensile strength in the insertion hole center line direction at the innermost position of the receiving part is increased.
- a metal insertion joint that is equal to or greater than the tensile strength in the center line direction of the member to be joined is formed.
- the end of the member to be joined and the width of the insertion hole are 0.2 mm to 0.6 mm.
- the insertion hole is formed to a size within the range up to the above, the end of the metal member to be joined is quenched or cold worked, and the end of the member to be joined is pushed into the insertion hole and the end The end of the member to be joined and the insertion It is to a state of the presence of adhesive-tight between the holes.
- a spherical member is positioned in a single layer shape and scattered points between the metal to-be-joined member and the inner surface of the insertion hole.
- the receiving port portion of the joint has a straight cylindrical shape substantially concentric with the corresponding receiving port portion on the inner peripheral surface of the insertion hole into which the metal pipe is inserted.
- the outer peripheral surface of the receiving part extending from the opening end of the receiving part to the back side thereof is tapered so that the diameter gradually decreases from the back side of the receiving part toward the opening end of the receiving part, and the innermost part of the receiving part.
- the tensile strength in the insertion hole center line direction of the joint body at the position is equal to or greater than the tensile strength in the center line direction of the member to be joined.
- the outer peripheral surface of the end of the metal tube is parallel to the straight cylindrical surface.
- the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the straight cylindrical surface are larger than the straight cylindrical surface by a size in the range of 0.2 mm to 0.6 mm, and the metal-joined member
- the end of is hardened or cold worked, Adhesive between the outer peripheral surface of the end portion of the serial metal tube and the inner peripheral surface of the insertion hole and is characterized by the presence in tight manner.
- the end portion of the metal bonded member since the end portion of the metal bonded member is hardened by quenching or cold working, the tensile force in the center line direction of the metal bonded member acts on the bonded structure of the end portion and the metal insertion joint. In this case, deformation of the end portion of the metal bonded member is prevented, stress distribution by the taper effect is appropriately performed, and the adhesive force of the adhesive is exhibited as specified. Therefore, if the bonding area is set to be equal to or greater than the strength of the base material of the metal bonded member, the base material will be cut when an excessive tensile force is applied.
- sectional drawing which shows a metal insertion joint. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the thickness of an adhesive bond layer, and the adhesive strength of an adhesive bond layer. It is sectional drawing which shows the insertion joint which concerns on JIS specification. It is sectional drawing which shows the joining structure which inserted the metal pipe in the metal insertion joint. It is a figure which shows the injection method of an adhesive agent. It is sectional drawing which shows another junction structure. It is sectional drawing which shows other joining structure. It is sectional drawing which shows another junction structure. It is sectional drawing which showed the other joining structure. It is a figure which shows the result of experiment. It is sectional drawing which shows another junction structure. It is sectional drawing which shows another junction structure. It is sectional drawing which shows another junction structure. It is sectional drawing which shows another junction structure.
- FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a metal insertion joint.
- the metal insertion joint 1a is a metal material and is a single cylinder shape, and the straight hole 2 is formed in the center position.
- the metal material for example, JIS standards FC, SS, SF, SC and the like are frequently used.
- the metal material is not limited to this, and a metal pipe (metal joined member, metal pipe) 3 joined by the joint 1a. Any material suitable for the material can be used.
- the metal insertion joint 1a has a longitudinally central portion p1 having a maximum diameter and a symmetrical shape with the longitudinal central portion p1 as a boundary.
- the straight hole 2 is formed by a straight cylindrical surface having a uniform cross section, and at the left and right ends Q (left half portion, right half portion) of the joint 1a in the length direction. Has an opening.
- the range of the length (half length of the joint body 1) toward the back side is the insertion hole 2a into which the corresponding end portion 3a of the metal tube 3 is inserted.
- the left and right halves of the metal insertion joint 1a become the left and right receptacles 4 respectively, with p1 as a boundary.
- the shape of the outer peripheral surface of each receptacle 4 is a tapered surface that gradually decreases in diameter from the back of the receptacle 4 toward the opening of the receptacle 4.
- the cross-sectional shape of the opening end portion of the receiving port 4 is a knife edge shape.
- the opening end position of the receiving port 4 is set to a position Q that is a few millimeters closer to the center point p1 than the left opening end.
- An open end face 10 having a radial width is formed at the Q point position.
- the distance L1 between P1 and the point E is the minimum necessary length for post-operation
- the distance L2 is the distance between the open end face 10 and the point E. The place to be cut and excised is outside the point E.
- the gap between the insertion hole 2a and the end 3a of the metal tube 3 fitted into the insertion hole is smaller than 0.1 mm.
- the operation of inserting the end 3 of the metal tube 3 into the hole 2a becomes difficult and the layer thickness of the adhesive layer interposed between the inner peripheral surface of the insertion hole 2a and the end 3a of the metal tube 3 is made uniform. This is because the processing becomes difficult, and the significance of 0.6 mm as the upper limit boundary is greater than this, the clearance between the insertion hole 2a and the end 3a of the metal tube 3 inserted into the insertion hole 2a is 0. It is because it will become larger than 3 mm and the adhesive strength of the said adhesive bond layer will fall large.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the thickness of the adhesive layer and the adhesive strength of the adhesive layer, where the horizontal axis shows the thickness t of the adhesive layer, and the vertical axis shows the shear stress at break of the adhesive layer ( The breaking strength (tau) of the adhesive layer is shown.
- the breaking strength (tau) of the adhesive layer is shown.
- the thickness t of the adhesive layer is preferably about 0.3 mm or less. Strictly speaking, it should be approximately 0.17 mm or less.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional pipe joint 200 according to JIS standard (JIS B 2316-1986). This insertion joint 200 is already used in various pipes, and a receiving portion wall thickness (JIS thickness) T that satisfies a required strength and the like is determined for each diameter.
- JIS thickness JIS thickness
- the thickness at the deepest position (p1 point) of the receptacle in the metal insertion joint 1a is set to be equal to or greater than the thickness T of the JIS receptacle.
- the area of the adhesive surface (adhesive area) required by the adhesive layer is the diameter of the outer peripheral surface of the metal tube 3 inserted into the insertion hole 2a and the receiving portion 4 of the adhesive layer. Is calculated by multiplying the length (length in the direction of the center line CL) L1 by the circumference ratio ⁇ .
- the length L1 is the minimum required length (bonding length in terms of strength calculation) in the direction of the center line of the receptacle 4 of the adhesive layer.
- the adhesion area is the stress at the time of breaking the adhesive layer (shear stress at the time of breaking the adhesive layer).
- the size is such that the above stress does not occur.
- the minimum required length L1 is determined, and the position (E The adhesive will be applied up to point).
- the opening end position is determined.
- the opening end position is set to a position (point Q) that is equal to point E or further away from point p1.
- the taper-shaped surface 1b which makes the outer peripheral surface of the receptacle part 4 is the shape containing straight line SL1 which connects the outer peripheral surface position Z point made into thickness T or more in a receptacle part innermost position (p1 point), and Q point.
- the tapered surface 1b which is the outer peripheral surface of the receiving port portion 4 is determined.
- the angle of the taper is suitably 3 to 12 degrees, and the strain due to stress decreases as the angle decreases.
- the actual product is preferably set to 5 to 7 degrees.
- the taper shape is excellent for dispersing the stress, but the stress strain at the opening portion of the receiving portion tends to be larger than the other bonded portions at any taper angle. It should be ensured that the stress strain of the opening generated when a tension comparable to the base material strength is applied does not exceed the adhesive strength of the adhesive. In order to disperse the stress, it is better that the range of the tapered portion is long, and the inclination is continued at least up to a position immediately above the back of the receiving port where the tip of the metal tube reaches.
- the inner peripheral surface of the insertion hole 2a from the point E to the corresponding opening end Q is also bonded to the end 3a of the metal tube 3 by an adhesive at each receiving port 4. Although used, it contributes to giving a margin to the strength of the metal insertion joint 1a.
- a ring-shaped sealing material is fitted at an arbitrary position between the inner peripheral surface of the insertion hole 2a from the point E to the corresponding opening end Q and the end 3a of the metal tube 3, and moisture is inserted into the insertion hole. It is good also as a structure which controls intrusion to the back between 2a and the edge part 3a of the metal pipe 3.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a coupling structure 100 in which a metal tube is inserted into the metal insertion joint 1a.
- a metal insertion joint 1a having an insertion hole 2a larger than the outer diameter of the metal tube 3 by 0.2 to 0.6 mm is prepared.
- the end 3a of the metal tube 3 is inserted into the insertion hole 2a of the receiving port 4 of the metal insertion joint 1a, and the outer peripheral surface of the end 2a and the inside of the insertion hole 2a are inserted.
- a large number of spherical members 5 are positioned in a single layer shape and scattered points between the peripheral surface and the adhesive 6 in a dense manner.
- the adhesive 6 (adhesive previously applied to the ball member 5 is applied to the entire outer peripheral surface of the end 3a of the metal tube 3 and / or the inner peripheral surface of the insertion hole 2a of the receiving port 4 of the metal insertion joint.
- the end portion 3a of the metal tube 3 is pushed to the point p1 which is a predetermined position (the innermost position) in the insertion hole 2a.
- the adhesive 6 solidifies into a state in which the relative position between the metal tube 3 and the receiving port 4 can be maintained by its own adhesive force.
- the adhesive 6 overflowing from the insertion hole 2a through the opening when the end 3a of the metal tube 3 is pushed into the insertion hole 2a is wiped off before solidifying. Thereafter, the process waits until the adhesive 6 exhibits a predetermined strength.
- the adhesive 6 it is preferable to use a one-component heat-curable epoxy structural adhesive (for example, “Scotch-WeldXA7416” manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Limited).
- the adhesive surface is degreased and the adhesion is enhanced by applying a primer.
- the spherical member 5 may be formed of a suitable material such as metal, ceramic or glass. For example, if a bead ball is used, a member having an arbitrary diameter can be easily obtained. However, when ceramic or glass is used, it may be broken by an impact when the metal tube 3 is inserted.
- the diameter of the spherical member 5 is set to a size between a predetermined minimum thickness and a predetermined maximum thickness of the adhesive 6 layer.
- the adhesive 6 is a one-component heat curing type epoxy structural adhesive
- the diameter is generally in the range of 0.1 mm to 0.25 mm. If such a ball member 5 is set in advance as an adhesive surface, the gap between the metal tube 3 and the inner peripheral surface of the insertion hole 2a can be maintained. It is also possible to provide an adhesive to the joint surface by a method in which a through hole is provided between the joint surface and the metal tube 3 is inserted and then the adhesive is pressed into the through hole. For example, in FIG. 5, the open end surface 10 is sealed by the block 9 in a state where the ball member 5 is previously installed on the bonding surface. And the air inside a joint is evacuated from the through-hole 8 provided in the metal insertion joint 1a.
- the adhesive 6 is injected from the through hole 8.
- the metal tube 3 and the metal insertion joint 1a are precisely fixed by an instrument so that a gap of 0.1 to 0.3 mm is maintained over the entire circumference of the bonding surface.
- the work at the site becomes difficult, and in fact, it can be performed only with indoor equipment in a research building or factory.
- it is possible to arrange the spherical member 5 in advance by mixing the spherical member 5 in the adhesive it is necessary to control the spherical member 5 in a single layer.
- the end portion 3a of the metal tube 3 is subjected to a so-called quenching process in which the metal tube 3 is heated to the austenite region, then rapidly cooled in a suitable coolant, and hardened as a martensite structure.
- a quenching treatment may be performed after overheating in the carburizing agent. The purpose is to increase the strength and make it difficult to deform the end portion 3a. Further, as a method of curing, cold working that gives plastic deformation below the recrystallization temperature can also be used.
- the steel pipe must have a certain degree of elongation according to the JIS standard, but the elongation of the end portion 3a of the metal pipe is suppressed by the above treatment.
- the end portion 3a on which the curing process is performed refers to a range where the adhesive is applied, that is, L1, but it is technically impossible to strictly limit the range to be cured only to the range of L1. is there.
- L1 a range where the adhesive is applied
- induction hardening in which only a necessary portion can be quenched by instantaneous heating and rapid cooling.
- the periphery of the end 3a may be hardened by cold working.
- the outer peripheral surface of the carbon steel pipe (SGP, STPG, STS, etc.) which is a JIS standard product is not necessarily a perfect circle, when these steel pipes are used as the metal pipe 3 to be joined, the end 3a When the end portion 3a is not a perfect circular cylindrical surface, the metal tube 3 is cut with a lathe as a method of making the metal tube 3 into a circular shape.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a coupling structure 101 according to a modification.
- the innermost position p2 of each receptacle 4 is not matched with the point p1 that is the central portion of the metal insertion joint 1b, but is displaced by an appropriate distance L3 from the point p1 toward the opening of the receptacle 4.
- the distance between the innermost point p2 of the receptacle 4 on the left and right sides of the metal insertion joint 1b and the point E on the corresponding side is the same length L1 as shown in FIG. Therefore, in the joint structure 101 of this modification, the distance between the point E in the left half range of the metal insertion joint 1b and the point E in the right half range is a distance L3 than in the case shown in FIG. Will be twice as long as
- a radial surface portion 7 is formed at each of the innermost position p2 of the receiving port 4 within the left half range of the metal insertion joint 1b and the innermost position p2 of the receiving port portion 4 within the right half range.
- the straight hole portion 2b formed between the holes 7 and 7 is made smaller than the diameter of the inner peripheral surface of the insertion hole 2a and larger than the diameter of the inner hole of the metal tube 3 fitted into the insertion hole 2a.
- the distance L2 from the point E to the opening end face 10 is 0.2 times as long as L1.
- the radial length RL1 from the inner peripheral surface to the outer peripheral surface of the insertion hole 2a in the opening end surface 10 is about several mm (for example, 0.5 mm to 3 mm) for convenience of handling.
- the straight line SL1 connecting the outer peripheral surface position E2 of the opening end surface 10 and the Z point specifies the tapered surface forming the outer peripheral surface of the corresponding receiving port portion 4.
- symbol is attached
- the metal tube 3 is accurately positioned at a predetermined position simply by pushing the end 3a to a position where further entry is restricted, and the amount of pushing of the metal tube 3 into the receiving port 4 and the like. Even if it does not measure with a measuring tool, the metal pipe 3 and the receptacle part 4 can be located in exact relative arrangement
- the other points are configured according to the case of FIG.
- the size of the length L3 may be arbitrary in terms of joint strength.
- FIG. 7 shows a joint structure 102 according to another modification.
- the metal insertion joint 1c used for the joining structure 102 is used as a receiving portion 4 at each of four different end portions, and serves to join the four metal tubes 3 in a cross shape.
- FIG. 8 shows a joint structure 103 according to still another modification.
- This joining structure 103 is for joining three metal pipes 3 in a Y shape by using metal insertion joints 1d having receiving portions 4 in three different directions. Furthermore, you may deform
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a bonding structure 104 according to another modification.
- the central portion p ⁇ b> 1 in the length direction of the metal insertion joint 1 e is set as the innermost position of the receiving portion 4 on the left and right sides.
- the thickness T2 at the point p2 of the metal insertion joint 1e is equal to or higher than the tensile strength of the metal tube 3. For example, it determines so that it may become more than the thickness of the metal pipe 3.
- the open end Q and the point E coincide with each other, and the thickness T2 remains between the left and right p1 points.
- the present inventors joined two metal pipes (SGP20A) 3 and 3 with a product “Scotch-WeldXA7416 manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Co., Ltd. using a metal insertion joint 1b shown in FIG.
- the bond area was calculated from the strength of the sheet, and the bond length L1 (38 mm) was obtained in the strength calculation, and the taper angle was set to 7 degrees.
- the metal tube and the joint were fixed with an instrument so as to have an interval of 1 mm and bonded.
- (1) The end portion 3a of the metal tube 3 was joined by a metal insertion joint 1b without quenching or cold working, and this was increased by applying a tensile force in the direction of the center line CL. After the tensile force exceeds 50 kN, the end portion 3a of the metal tube 3 inserted into the insertion hole 2a is extended and the diameter thereof is reduced, and the outer peripheral surface of the inner peripheral surface of the insertion hole 2a and the end portion 3a of the metal tube 3 is reduced. Bonding to the surface by the adhesive was broken and separated.
- the thickness of the adhesive was controlled at 0.1 mm including the previous experiment, and the thickness of the adhesive surface after the destructive test was measured with a micrometer. It was 0.15 mm.
- the bonding strength ⁇ of the adhesive is a value obtained by dividing 150 kN, which is the fracture load on the bonding surface when using the metal tube (STPT410 SCH160) 3, by 3246 mm 2 which is the bonding area. It was.
- the bond length L1 is calculated by setting the fracture strength F1 of the metal pipe to 46.2 MPa, which is the joint strength ⁇ of the adhesive obtained through experiments, and the inner circumference ( ⁇ r : R is the outer diameter of the metal tube) and is calculated by dividing.
- FIG. 10 shows a state in which the metal tube side, not the joint, is broken.
- FIG. 11 shows a joining structure 105 for joining metal plates.
- a tensile force to the left and right of the metal plate 30
- a stress that tends to be deformed in a direction in which the plate thickness decreases is generated.
- the stress is dispersed by providing tapered shapes above and below the joint receiving port, the strain observed particularly at the end of the receiving port 4 is large, and the force acts in the direction of peeling the adhesive surface.
- portions corresponding to the metal insertion joint 1a are denoted by the same reference numerals. As shown in FIG.
- the innermost position p2 of each receptacle 4 is not matched with the p1 point which is the central location of the metal insertion joint 1f, and the receptacle 4 is more than the p1 point. It is displaced by an appropriate distance L3 toward the opening side.
- the distance between the innermost position p2 of the receptacle 4 on the left and right sides of the metal insertion joint 1f and the point E on the corresponding side is the same length L1 as shown in FIG.
- a connecting portion 70 is formed between the innermost position p2 of the receiving port 4 within the left half range of the joint 1f and the innermost position p2 of the receiving port 4 within the right half range. Are connected at point p1.
- the end portion of the metal plate is quenched or cold worked, and deformation at the bonded portion is suppressed.
- L1 is determined so that the bonding area is secured to be equal to or greater than the tensile strength of the metal plate, the base metal of the metal plate will break when a tensile force is applied, ensuring the performance as a joint. Is done.
- the insertion hole 2a into which the metal plate 30 is inserted may have at least two opposing planes. The relationship between the thickness of the metal plate 30 and the width of the insertion hole 2a of the receiving port 4 (the distance between the opposing planes, the upper and lower planes of the insertion hole 2a in FIG.
- the metal insertion joint 1f can also be applied to a joint 1g having a T-shaped receptacle as shown in FIG. 12A or a joint 1h having a cross-like receptacle as shown in FIG. 12B.
- a joint 1g having a T-shaped receptacle as shown in FIG. 12A or a joint 1h having a cross-like receptacle as shown in FIG. 12B In a T-shaped or cross-shaped joint, it is preferable that the portion F where the taper is connected is continuously connected by a curved surface. This is because stress is concentrated when it has an angle.
- the joints 1i and ij have a tapered shape. Does not have.
- the base p2 of the cylindrical member 11 is not matched with the point p1 that is the central portion of the joints 1i and 1j, but is displaced by a distance L3 from the point p1.
- the distance between the point p2 on each of the left and right sides of the joints 1i and 1j and the cylindrical portion tip E point is the same length L1 as shown in FIG.
- flange portions 12 having a larger diameter are formed between the left and right p2 points that are the bottom surface positions of the left and right columnar members 11, and the diameter of these flange portions 12 is equal to or larger than the diameter of the inner hole of the metal tube 3.
- the outer diameter of the cylindrical member 11 is 0.2 to 0.6 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the metal tube 3, and the adhesion gap can be controlled to 0.1 to 0.3 mm. According to such a joint, since the deformation of the joint portion due to the tension can be suppressed without quenching and cold working the metal tube 3, the strength of the bonding surface can be ensured.
- a hollow member as shown in FIG. 13A and a solid member as shown in FIG. 13B can be used as the cylindrical member 11 and the flange portion 12. Corresponding portions in FIGS. 1 to 12 described above are denoted by the same reference numerals to simplify the description.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Non-Disconnectible Joints And Screw-Threaded Joints (AREA)
- Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Standing Axle, Rod, Or Tube Structures Coupled By Welding, Adhesion, Or Deposition (AREA)
- Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
学会においては、金属製接着について非特許文献1に示すように、テーパ形軸継手についての検討が過去にされ、テーパ形にすることにより引っ張り強度が向上するとの報告がされている。
この目的を達成するため、本発明に係る金属被接合部材の接合方法は、金属部材の端部を挿入され接着剤で接着される挿入孔の形成された受け口部を形成され且つ、前記受け口部開口端からその奥側に至る受け口部外面が受け口部開口端から受け口部奥側へ向け漸次に増大するようなテーパ状面となされ且つ、受け口部最奥方位置の挿入孔中心線方向引張強度を前記被接合部材の中心線方向引張強度に対し同等以上となした金属製差込み継ぎ手を形成し、一方では、前記被接合部材の端部と前記挿入孔の幅とは0.2mm~0.6mmまでの範囲内の大きさだけ前記挿入孔を大きく形成し、前記金属被接合部材の端部を焼入れ、若しくは冷間加工を行い、前記被接合部材の端部を前記挿入孔内に押し込むと共に前記被接合部材の端部と前記挿入孔との間に接着剤を密状に存在させた状態とするものである。
2a 挿入孔
3 金属被接合部材(金属管、金属棒)
3a 端部
4 受け口部
5 球部材
6 接着剤
100 金属製差込み継ぎ手
E 形状基準点
L1 強度計算上接着長さ
まず、本実施例に使用する配管用の金属製差込継ぎ手について説明する。
図1は金属製差込継ぎ手を示す断面図である。
図1において、金属製差込継ぎ手1aは金属材で単体筒状であり、その中心位置に直状孔2が形成されている。金属材としては、例えば、JIS規格であるFC、SS、SF、SCなどが多用されるが、これに限定するものではなく継ぎ手1aにより接合される金属管(金属被接合部材、金属配管)3の材料に適応した任意なもので差し支えない。
受け口部4の開口端個所の断面形状はナイフエッジ状になる。しかし、金属管3と金属製差込継ぎ手1aとの接合処理を容易且つ的確に行えるようにするため、図1右側に示すように、受け口部4の中心線CLに対し直交した面で切断して切除しても良い。図1右側に示す例では受け口部4の開口端位置は、左側開口端よりも数mm程度中央点p1寄りの位置Q点にする。Q点位置において、半径方向巾をもつ開口端面10を形成している。図中、P1からE点の間の距離L1は、後術する最低必要長さであり、距離L2は開口端面10とE点との間の距離である。尚、切断して切除する場所は、E点よりも外側である。
(A)・・・金属管の材料や径の決定
(B)・・・継ぎ手本体の材質と肉厚
(C)・・・継ぎ手本体の形状と接着面積
(D)・・・接着剤の厚さ
(E)・・・配管の接着箇所の処理
(A)金属管の材料や径の決定
まず、使用条件などから金属管3の材料や径が決められる。これにより金属製差込継ぎ手1aの挿入孔2aの内周面の直径が決定される。即ち、該挿入孔2aは、嵌挿される金属管3の端部3aの外径よりも例えば概略、0.2mm~0.6mmの範囲内の任意な大きさだけ大きい寸法とする。
図3は、従来より存在するJIS規格(JIS B 2316-1986)に係る配管用の差込継ぎ手200を示す断面図である。この差込継ぎ手200は既に各種の配管において用いられており、その口径毎に必要強度などを充足する受け口部肉厚(JIS厚さ)Tなどが定められている。
(C)継ぎ手本体の形状と接着面積
接着剤層が必要とする接着面の面積(接着面積)は、挿入孔2aに嵌挿される金属管3の外周面の直径と接着剤層の受け口部4の長さ(中心線CL方向の長さ)L1と円周率πを乗ずることで算出される。長さL1は、接着剤層の受け口部4中心線方向の最低必要長さ(強度計算上接着長さ)である。この接着面積は、金属被接合部材3である金属管の引張破断荷重と同一大きさの力が作用しても接着剤層にこれの破断時の応力(接着剤層の破断時の剪断応力)以上の応力が発生しない大きさとする。
いま、金属管の引張破断荷重の大きさがF1であるとすると、上記最低必要長さL1は次の(1)式により算出される。
L1=F1/πrτ ・・・(1)式
ここにおいて、τは接着剤の接合強度(接着剤層の破断時の単位面積あたりの剪断応力)、rは金属管の外径である。
次に、開口端位置を決める。開口端位置はE点と等しいか、さらにp1点よりも離れた位置(Q点)に設定される。そして、受け口部4の外周面をなすテーパ状面1bは、受け口部最奥方位置(p1点)での肉厚T以上とした外周面位置Z点と、Q点とを結ぶ直線SL1を含む形状とする。これにより受け口部4の外周面であるテーパ状面1bが確定される。ここにおいて、テーパの角度は、3度乃至12度が適当であり、角度が小さくなるほど応力による歪は小さくなる。角度が小さければ継ぎ手の開口端肉厚が薄く強度が小さくなり、一方、角度が大きければ受け口部4の最奥方位置の肉厚が厚くなり材料コストが増加する。従って、実際の製品としては、5度乃至7度とするのが好ましい。
応力を分散する上では、テーパ形状は優れているが、受け部の開口部の部分の応力歪については、どのテーパ角度においても他の接着部分よりも大きい傾向が示されており、金属管の母材強度に匹敵する張力が加わった際に発生する開口部の応力歪が接着剤の接着強度を超えないようにすべきである。また、応力を分散させるのには、テーパの部分の範囲は長い方が良く、少なくとも金属管の先端が到達する受け口の奥部の直上の位置までは傾斜が連続させる。
(D)接着剤の厚さとその均一性
次に上記のように形成された金属製差込継ぎ手1aを使用して、金属管3同士を接合する場合は次のように行う。ここに、図4は金属製差込継ぎ手1aに金属管を嵌挿した結合構造100を示す断面図である。
金属管3の外径よりも0.2~0.6mm大きな挿入孔2aを持つ金属製差込継ぎ手1aを用意する。
また挿入孔2a内に金属管3の端部3aを押し込んだときに挿入孔2a内からその開口を通じて溢れ出た接着剤6は固化する前に拭き取る。
以後は、接着剤6が予定された強度を発現するまで待つのである。
球部材5は金属、セラミック又はガラスなど適当な材料で形成されたものでよいのであり、例えばビーズ玉を使用すれば任意な径のものを容易に入手することができる。但し、セラミック又はガラスを利用する場合には、金属管3を挿入する際の衝撃により割れる可能性があるため、作業を慎重に行う必要がある。球部材5の直径は接着剤6層の予定最小厚さと予定最大厚さとの間となる大きさとし、例えば接着剤6が1液加熱硬化型のエポキシ系構造用接着剤である場合、その一般的な直径は概略、0.1mm~0.25mmの範囲内の大きさとする。
このような球部材5を予め接着面に設定しておけば、金属管3と挿入孔2aの内周面との隙間が維持できるので、金属製差込継ぎ手1aの中央付近の外周面から内部の接合面までの間に貫通孔を設けておき、金属管3を挿入した後に、接着剤を貫通孔に圧入する方法により、接着剤を接合面に供給することも可能である。例えば図5において、球部材5が予め接着面に設置された状態で、開口端面10をブロック9によりシールをする。そして、金属製差込継ぎ手1aに設けられた貫通孔8から、継ぎ手の内部の空気を真空に抜く。その後、貫通孔8から接着剤6を注入するのである。
なお、球部材5を使用せずに、金属管3と金属製差込継ぎ手1aを器具により精密に固定して、0.1~0.3mmの隙間を接着面全周に亘って維持するようにしても良い。但し、この場合、現場での作業は困難となり、実際は研究棟や工場等における屋内機材でのみ実施可能である。接着剤の中に予め、球部材5を予め混ぜ込んで球部材5を配置することも考えられるが、単層に球部材5を配置する制御が必要である。
(E)配管の接着箇所の処理
接着に先立って、金属管3の端部3aに対して硬化処理が行われる。金属管3の端部3aはオーステナイト領域まで加熱後、適当な冷却剤中で急速に冷却し、マルテンサイト組織として硬化させる、所謂焼入れ処理をする。また、このさい、鋼の表面層の炭素量を増加させるため、浸炭剤中で過熱処理した後、焼入れ処理を行ってもよい。強度を増大させて該端部3aを変形し難くすることが目的である。また、硬化させる手法として、再結晶温度以下で塑性変形を与える冷間加工も利用することができる。鋼管においては、JIS規格上ある程度の伸びを有していなければならないが、上記処理により金属管の端部3aの伸びは抑制されたものとなる。硬化処理の行われる端部3aとは、接着剤が塗布される範囲、すなわちL1を言うが、硬化処理を行う範囲を厳密にL1の範囲のみに限定的に行うことは技術的に不可能である。また、逆にL1よりも多少広い範囲で硬化処理を行っても支障は無く、硬化処理を行う範囲は少なくともL1の範囲であって、これよりも大きくて(例えば、L1の1.5倍)良いものである。また、焼入れ処理を行うにあたっては、必要部分のみを瞬時の加熱と急冷により焼入れが可能な高周波焼入れを利用するのが良い。
金属管3の端部3a周辺の焼入れを行うことに代えて、該端部3a周辺を冷間加工により硬化させても良い。
また、JIS規格品である炭素鋼鋼管(SGP、STPG、STSなど)の外周面は必ずしも真円とはなっていないため、これら鋼管を接合すべき金属管3として使用する場合、その端部3aを測定し該端部3aが真円の直円筒面となっていないときは、金属管3を円形状にする方法としては旋盤で切削する。
図6は変形例に係る結合構造101を示す断面図である。各受け口部4の最奥方位置p2を金属製差込継ぎ手1bの中央個所であるp1点に合致させないで、p1点よりも受け口部4開口側へ適当距離L3だけ変位させている。金属製差込継ぎ手1bの左右各側の受け口部4の最奥方位置p2点とその対応する側のE点との間の距離は、図1に示す場合と同じ長さL1とする。したがって、この変形例の接合構造101において、金属製差込継ぎ手1bの左半分範囲内のE点と、右半分範囲内のE点との間の距離は、図1に示す場合よりも距離L3の2倍の長さだけ大きくなる。
また、E点から開口端面10までの距離L2は、L1の0.2倍の長さである。開口端面10における挿入孔2aの内周面から外周面までの半径方向長さRL1は取扱い上の便宜性から数mm(例えば0.5mm~3mm)程度である。そして開口端面10の外周面位置E2とZ点とを結んだ直線SL1がその対応する受け口部4の外周面をなすテーパ状面を特定するものとなる。なお、図中、金属製差込継ぎ手1aに対応する箇所には同一符号が付してある。
図7は別の変形例に係る接合構造102を示している。この接合構造102に用いる金属製差込継ぎ手1cは異なる4方向の各端部のそれぞれを受け口部4となされ、4本の金属管3を十字状に接合するためのものである。そして図8はさらに別の変形例に係る接合構造103を示している。この接合構造103は異なる3方向にそれぞれ受け口部4を有する金属製差込継ぎ手1dを用いて、3本の金属管3をY字状に接合するためのものである。さらには、2つの受け口部4をその中心線が90度で交叉する金属製差込継ぎ手を用いて、2本の金属管3をL字状に接合させるように変形してもよい。
図9は別の変形例に係る接合構造104の断面図である。
この図9において、図1の場合と同様に、金属製差込継ぎ手1eの長さ方向中央個所p1を左右各側の受け口部4の最奥方位置とする。そして、金属製差込継ぎ手1eのp2点における肉厚T2は、金属管3の引張強度と同等以上の引張強度とする。例えば、金属管3の肉厚以上となるように決定する。開口端QとE点とは一致しており、また、左右のp1点の間は、肉厚T2のままとなっている。
〈実験例〉
本発明者等は図6に示す金属製差込継ぎ手1bを使用して2本の金属管(SGP20A)3、3を住友スリーエム社製の商品「Scotch-WeldXA7416にて接合し、端部3aの強度計算上接着長さL1を38mm(L2=0mm)とした接合構造を形成して引張試験を行った。金属管の強度(400MPa)と同等な強度となるように、接着剤の単位面積当りの強度から接着面積を計算し、強度計算上接着長さL1(38mm)を得た。テーパの角度は7度とした。なお、本実験においては、球部材5を使用せずに隙間0.1mmの間隔を持つように金属管と継ぎ手を器具にて固定して接着した。
(1)金属管3の端部3aを、焼き入れ若しくは冷間加工をしない状態で、金属製差込継ぎ手1bにより接合し、中心線CL方向の引張力を付与してこれを増大させた。引張力が50kNを超えた後、挿入孔2aに嵌挿された金属管3の端部3aが伸びてその径が縮小され、挿入孔2aの内周面と金属管3の端部3aの外周面との接着剤による接合が破壊され分離した。
(2)金属管3の端部3a周辺(挿入孔内に嵌挿される端部3a長さの1.5倍程度の長さ範囲)に焼入れを実施した。中心線CL方向の引張力を付与してこれを増大させていくと引張力が85kNに到達した段階で、金属製差込継ぎ手1bと金属管3との接合構造は破断せず、金属管3の母材個所が破断した。
(3) 本発明者らは、接合構造の接合強度を測定するために、SGP20Aよりも強度の高い同径鋼管(STPT410 SCH160)を、先の実験と同様な接着面積(L1=38mm)にて、接着面が破断する張力を調べた。その結果、150kNを過ぎたところで、今度は接着面が破断した。また、接着剤の厚さについては、先の実験も含めて0.1mmにて制御して接着を行ったが、本破壊試験の後に接着面についてその厚さをマイクロメータで測定したところ、約0.15mmとなっていた。
接合すべき任意の金属管に対する強度計算上接着長さL1は、その金属管の破断強度F1を、実験で求めた接着剤の接合強度τである46.2MPa及び金属管3の内周(πr:rは金属管の外径)で、除することにより算出されるのである。
金属板においても、引張力を付加することにより、接着部6における変形が起きる。図11に、金属板を接合する接合構造105を示す。図中破線Sに示すように、金属板30の左右に引張り力を付加することにより、板厚が薄くなる方向に変形しようとする応力が発生する。
継ぎ手の受け口上下にテーパ形状を設けて応力を分散させてはいるが、特に受け口4の端部において観測される歪は大きく、接着面を剥離する方向に力が働くものである。
本実施例においては、金属製差込継ぎ手1aに対応する箇所には同一の符号が付してある。図11に示すように、金属製差込継ぎ手1fは、各受け口部4の最奥方位置p2を金属製差込継ぎ手1fの中央個所であるp1点に合致させないで、p1点よりも受け口部4開口側へ適当距離L3だけ変位させている。金属製差込継ぎ手1fの左右各側の受け口部4の最奥方位置p2点とその対応する側のE点との間の距離は、図1に示す場合と同じ長さL1とする。
また継ぎ手1fの左半分範囲内の受け口部4の最奥方位置p2と、右半分範囲内の受け口部4の最奥方位置p2との間が連結部70が形成されており、上下のテーパ状面がp1点において連結されている。
本実施例においても、金属板の端部を焼き入れ又は冷間加工されており、接着部における変形は抑止される。この結果、接着面積を金属板の引張強度以上に確保するようにL1を定めれば、引張力が加わったときに、金属板の母材の方が破断する結果となり、継ぎ手としての性能が確保される。
金属板30が挿入される挿入孔2aは、対向する少なくとも2つの平面を持っておれば良い。金属板30の厚さと受け口部4の挿入孔2aの幅(対向する平面の間隔、図11中 挿入孔2aの上下の平面)との関係を、0.2~0.6mm開口幅を大きくすることは他の接合構造と同様である。
このような継ぎ手の変形例を図12に示す。金属製差込継ぎ手1fは本図12Aに示すT字状に受け口をもつ継ぎ手1gや、図12Bに示すようなクロス状に受け口を持つ継ぎ手1hに応用することもできる。T字状或いはクロス状の継ぎ手においては、テーパの傾斜が接続する部分Fにおいて、曲面によって連続的につなげるのが良い。角度を持つものとすると応力が集中するからである。
(変形の阻止の他の方法)
引張力を付加した際に、金属管を変形し難くさせる方法として、焼入れ(浸炭を含む)、冷間加工を実施することを示したが、図13に示すように金属管内に金属製の円柱部材11を挿入することによっても、変形を抑えることができる。
すなわち、金属管3は引張力により、伸張して縮径が生じるが、管内に円柱部材11が存在するため縮径に抗することができるようになる。図中、上記実施形態に対応する箇所には同一の符号が付してある。この継ぎ手1i、ijは、金属管3の内部に挿入される円柱部材11を両端に有しており、先に示した金属管或いは金属板の外側から接着する継ぎ手とは異なり、テーパ状の形状は有しないものである。円柱部材11の付け根p2を継ぎ手1i、1jの中央個所であるp1点に合致させないで、p1点よりも距離L3だけ変位させている。継ぎ手1i、1jの左右各側のp2点と円柱部先端E点との間の距離は、図1に示す場合と同じ長さL1とする。
また左右の円柱部材11の底面位置となる左右p2点の間には、更に太い径を持つ鍔部12が形成され、これら鍔部12の直径は、金属管3の内孔の直径以上となされる。
円柱部材11の外径は、金属管3の内径よりも0.2~0.6mm小さく、接着の隙間を0.1~0.3mmと制御できるようになっている。このような継ぎ手によれば、金属管3に対して焼入れ、冷間加工を行わなくても、引張りによる接合部分の変形を抑制すことができるので、接着面の強度を確保することができる。
円柱部材11および鍔部12は、図13Aに示すような中空なものと、図13Bに示すような鋼の中実であるものを利用することができる。
上記した図1~図12において対応する部位には同一の符号を付して説明を簡略化している。
Claims (9)
- 金属部材の端部を挿入され接着剤で接着される挿入孔の形成された受け口部を形成され且つ、前記受け口部開口端からその奥側に至る受け口部外面が受け口部開口端から受け口部奥側へ向け漸次に増大するようなテーパ状面となされ且つ、受け口部最奥方位置の挿入孔中心線方向引張強度を前記被接合部材の中心線方向引張強度に対し同等以上となした金属製差込み継ぎ手を形成し、一方では、前記被接合部材の端部と前記挿入孔の幅が0.2mm~0.6mmまでの範囲内の任意な一定大きさだけ前記挿入孔の幅を大きく形成し、前記金属被接合部材の端部を焼入れ、若しくは冷間加工を行い、前記被接合部材の端部を前記挿入孔内に押し込むと共に前記被接合部材の端部と前記挿入孔の内面との間に接着剤を密状に存在させた状態となすように実施することを特徴とする金属被接合部材の接合方法。
- 前記接着剤の破断時の単位面積あたりの剪断応力に、前記被接合部材の端部と前記挿入孔の内面との間に接着剤が存在する面積を掛けた値が、前記被接合部材の中心線方向引張強度以上の値となるように、前記面積を決めることを特徴とする請求項1記載の金属被接合部材の接合方法。
- 前記金属部材は、金属管であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の金属被接合部材の接合方法。
- 前記金属被接合部材の端部の外面と前記挿入孔の内面と間に、前記任意な一定大きさの半分よりも小さい直径となされた球部材を単層状且つ散点状に位置させることを特徴とする請求項1記載の金属被接合部材の接合方法。
- 前記金属被接合部材の端部の外面の外面、又は前記挿入孔の内面に多数の球部材を接着剤を介して単層状に接着させた後に、前記端部の外周面、及び又は、前記挿入孔の内面のほぼ全面に接着剤を塗布した後、前記被接合部材の端部を前記受け口部内に押し込んで接合することを特徴とする請求項1記載の金属被接合部材の接合方法。
- 球部材が金属、ガラス又はセラミックで形成されていることを特徴とする請求項4又は5記載の金属被接合部材の接合方法。
- 金属管と継手の接合構造であって、
継手の受け口部は、前記金属管を挿入する挿入孔の内周面を、これに対応した前記受け口部と略同心の直状円筒面となされ且つ、前記受け口部開口端からその奥側に至る受け口部外周面が受け口部奥側から受け口部開口端へ向け漸次に縮径するようなテーパ状面となされ且つ、受け口部最奥方位置の挿入孔中心線方向引張強度を前記被接合部材の中心線方向引張強度に対し同等以上となし、
一方では、前記金属管の端部の外周面は前記直状円筒面と平行な形状となし、且つその外径と前記直状円筒面の内径とは0.2mm~0.6mmまでの範囲内の任意な一定大きさだけ前記直状円筒面が大きいものであって、
前記金属管の端部が焼入れ、若しくは冷間加工されており、
前記金属管の端部の外周面と前記挿入孔の内周面と間に接着剤が密状に存在することを特徴とする金属管の接合構造。
- 前記金属管の端部の外周面と前記挿入孔の内周面と間に、前記任意な一定大きさの半分よりも小さい直径となされた球部材が単層状且つ散点状に位置させすることを特徴とする請求項6記載の金属管の接合構造。
- 金属管の接合方法であって、
外周面が直状円筒面となされた円柱部材と、円柱部材の底面に連結する前記金属管の内径よりも大きい外径の鍔部とを有する金属継ぎ手を形成し、金属管の端部の内周面は前記直状円筒面と平行な形状であって、且つその外径と前記直状円筒面の内径とは0.2mm~0.6mmまでの範囲内の任意な一定大きさだけ前記直状円筒面の内径が小さく、前記円柱部材を前記被接合部材の端部内に押し込むと共に前記被接合部材の端部の内周面と前記円柱部材の外周面と間に接着剤を密状に存在させた状態となすように実施することを特徴とする金属管の接合方法。
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EP08869058A EP2224141A4 (en) | 2007-12-27 | 2008-11-27 | METHOD AND STRUCTURE FOR CONNECTING A METAL ELEMENT TO BE CONNECTED |
US12/735,004 US8388796B2 (en) | 2007-12-27 | 2008-11-27 | Method and structure for bonding metal member to be bonded |
CN2008801226690A CN101910651B (zh) | 2007-12-27 | 2008-11-27 | 金属被接合部件的接合方法和接合结构 |
KR1020107011283A KR101327154B1 (ko) | 2007-12-27 | 2008-11-27 | 금속 피접합 부재의 접합 방법 및 접합 구조 |
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US11391312B2 (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2022-07-19 | Megalex Joint, Llc | Method for creating a high tensile strength joint for connecting rods and fittings |
CN104141657A (zh) * | 2014-07-12 | 2014-11-12 | 汤荣民 | 一种汽车卡槽型连接件及其热处理工艺 |
JP6466773B2 (ja) * | 2015-04-30 | 2019-02-06 | 株式会社サムシング | 盛土の安定化パイプの設置方法 |
US20180345599A1 (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2018-12-06 | Divergent Technologies, Inc. | Node with co-printed locating features and methods for producing same |
FR3086018B1 (fr) * | 2018-09-18 | 2021-05-21 | Arianegroup Sas | Dispositif de liaison modulaire verrouillable |
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CN101910651B (zh) | 2012-03-14 |
KR101327154B1 (ko) | 2013-11-06 |
EP2224141A4 (en) | 2012-09-12 |
JP5291336B2 (ja) | 2013-09-18 |
US8388796B2 (en) | 2013-03-05 |
EP2224141A1 (en) | 2010-09-01 |
KR20100084560A (ko) | 2010-07-26 |
CN101910651A (zh) | 2010-12-08 |
JP2009155548A (ja) | 2009-07-16 |
US20100288438A1 (en) | 2010-11-18 |
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