Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16H—GEARING
  • F16H45/00—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches 
  • F16H45/02—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches  with mechanical clutches for bridging a fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
  • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
  • F16F15/10—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system
  • F16F15/12—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon
  • F16F15/121—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon using springs as elastic members, e.g. metallic springs
  • F16F15/123—Wound springs
  • F16F15/12353—Combinations of dampers, e.g. with multiple plates, multiple spring sets, i.e. complex configurations
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16H—GEARING
  • F16H45/00—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches 
  • F16H2045/007—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches  comprising a damper between turbine of the fluid gearing and the mechanical gearing unit
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16H—GEARING
  • F16H45/00—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches 
  • F16H45/02—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches  with mechanical clutches for bridging a fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type
  • F16H2045/0221—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches  with mechanical clutches for bridging a fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type with damping means
  • F16H2045/0226—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches  with mechanical clutches for bridging a fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type with damping means comprising two or more vibration dampers
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16H—GEARING
  • F16H45/00—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches 
  • F16H45/02—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches  with mechanical clutches for bridging a fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type
  • F16H2045/0221—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches  with mechanical clutches for bridging a fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type with damping means
  • F16H2045/0226—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches  with mechanical clutches for bridging a fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type with damping means comprising two or more vibration dampers
  • F16H2045/0231—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches  with mechanical clutches for bridging a fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type with damping means comprising two or more vibration dampers arranged in series
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16H—GEARING
  • F16H45/00—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches 
  • F16H45/02—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches  with mechanical clutches for bridging a fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type
  • F16H2045/0273—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches  with mechanical clutches for bridging a fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type characterised by the type of the friction surface of the lock-up clutch
  • F16H2045/0278—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches  with mechanical clutches for bridging a fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type characterised by the type of the friction surface of the lock-up clutch comprising only two co-acting friction surfaces

Definitions

• the invention relates generally to torque converters, and more particularly to a torque converter having a turbine configured as a tuned mass purger.
• Torque converters generally include a mechanical clutch to bypass the hydrodynamic circuit and thereby reduce fuel consumption.
• a torsion isolator is incorporated in the torque converter clutch to reduce the transmission of torsional vibrations from the engine to the transmission.
• the performance of the insulator is improved when its spring constant is reduced.
• One way to reduce the spring rate is to use multiple sets of springs in a series arrangement.
• the movable flange has a significant inertia and its location in the torque path between groups of concentric springs introduces a degree of freedom (flange mode) that causes discomfort in the powertrain in some vehicles.
• Maienschein introduces a leaf spring to achieve a desired amount of friction torque to absorb the energy of the flange mode.
• the addition of friction degrades the performance of the isolator at all frequencies except the flange mode frequency.
• the mass of the turbine increases the secondary inertia, i. the inertia, which is located after the outer damper stage in the torque path to counteract torsional vibrations of the engine and to reduce the vibrations that are transmitted to the drive train.
• the addition of inertia from the turbine to the cover plates or the moveable flange lowers the resonant frequency of the moveable flange, and in some vehicles outside the drive range.
• the resonance frequency in other vehicles remains in the driving range and causes unpleasant vibrations in the drive train.
• the present invention generally includes a torque converter having a first damper stage, a second damper stage, a moveable flange connecting the first and second damper stages with respect to rotation, an inertia member, and a tuned torsional damper.
• the torsion damper connects the inertia element and the flange.
• the inertia element is a turbine.
• the first damper stage is a radially outer damper stage and the second damper stage is a radially inner damper stage.
• the torsion damper generates a friction torque under rotation.
• the torsional damper comprises an elastic member having a linear zero torque passage.
• the elastic element is a helical spring.
• the elastic member has a torsionally elastic plate.
• the plate can be firmly connected to the flange and the turbine.
• the plate and the flange may each have an axial offset, wherein the offset of the plate is less than the offset of the flange.
• the movement of the torsion damper is between 2 degrees and 20 degrees. In another embodiment, the movement is between 6 degrees and 10 degrees.
• the entire rotational movement of the torsion damper is limited by a connection with play between the inertia element and the flange.
• the connection with play is a rivet disposed in a slot in the flange or in a splined connection.
• the present invention also generally includes a torque converter including: a radially outer first damper stage; a radially inner second damper stage; a movable flange having a first axially offset portion, the flange rotatably connecting the first and second damper stages; a turbine; and a torsionally elastic plate having a linear zero torque passage and a second axially offset portion fixedly connected to the turbine and the flange.
• the first offset position is axially offset further than the second offset position, and the contact between the first and second offset positions generates a friction torque as the torsional damper is rotated.
• the present invention also includes a method of operating a torque converter, comprising the steps of: receiving a torque in a first damper stage; Transmitting the torque from the first damper stage to a movable flange; Transmitting the torque from the movable flange to a second damper stage; and connecting an inertia member to the flange through a tuned torsional damper to suppress resonance of the flange.
• the method includes the step of tuning the torsional damper to relieve a high frequency peak by adjusting the spring constant and friction of the damper to the flange.
• the friction is between 5 Nm and 20 Nm, or the spring constant is calculated to shift the resonance of the inertia member to a point below the downhill driving range.
• the inertia element is a turbine of the torque converter.
• the total torsion of the torsion damper is between 2 degrees and 20 degrees.
• the rotation is between 6 and 10 degrees.
• Fig. 1 is a diagram of a damper assembly according to the present invention
• Fig. 2 is an upper half of a torque converter cross section, the one
• Embodiment of the damper configuration of Fig. 1 represents;
• Fig. 3 is a diagram of a simulated differential reaction for various
• FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the damper assembly 100 according to the present invention.
• FIG. 2 is the upper half of a torque converter cross section illustrating one embodiment of the damper assembly in FIG. 1.
• FIG. 2 is the upper half of a torque converter cross section illustrating one embodiment of the damper assembly in FIG. 1.
• FIG. 3 is a plot of a simulated differential response for various damper arrangements in conjunction with a 6-cylinder diesel engine, although other engine arrangements (4-cylinder, 5-cylinder, 8-cylinder, gasoline engine, etc.) and speeds are also possible. The following will be seen with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.
• Fig. 1 the moments of inertia are shown as blocks, although the relative size of the blocks is not necessarily related to the moment of inertia of the components.
• the engine 101 is fixedly coupled to the torque converter housing 102.
• the torque converter clutch 104 and the fluid circuit 106 are shown schematically as parallel torque paths extending from the housing 102.
• the clutch 104 connects the piston plate 108 to the housing 102 when engaged.
• the spring 110 couples the movable flange 112 to the torsion elastic piston plate 108.
• the spring 114 elastically couples the output hub 116 to the flange 112.
• the inertia member 118 is coupled to the flange 112 by the compliant member 120 and the damper member 122.
• the element 122 may be any type of damper element known in the art, such as a friction element or a hydraulic element.
• the element 120 may be any compliant element known in the art. In the following discussion, a spring is used as the compliant element.
• the inertia element 118 is a turbine of the fluid
• Other embodiments include an additional inertia element, in which case the symbolic connection 124 between the inertia element 118 and the fluid circuit 106 is eliminated.
• the member 126 limits the compression of the member 120 and the movement of the damper 122.
• the force stored in the member 120 is generally substantially less than the driving force of the engine 100.
• the fluid circuit 106 transmits torque from the motor 101 via the connection 124 to the inertia member 118 and the member 120.
• the movement limiter 126 limits the amount of force applied to the member 120 to increase the life.
• the spring 120 is configured to displace the resonant frequency of the turbine to a point just below the minimum speed where the clutch engages.
• the lowest engine speed at which the clutch engages may be referred to as the lower speed limit.
• the desired turbine resonance speed may be 955 rpm (47.75 Hz for a 6-cylinder engine) assuming that the minimum speed for under-speed driving is 1000 rpm.
• the spring constant can be calculated using the following equation:
• the spring constant k should be set to 3150.5 Nm / rad (55 Nm / °) for a low-speed travel limit of 1000 rpm.
• the spring 120 introduces an additional degree of freedom into the vibration system and divides the resonance frequency of the movable flange into two resonance frequencies. Tuning spring 120 moves the lower resonant frequency out of the normal operating range, but the higher resonant frequency may still be in the operating range, eg, as shown for line 340 in FIG. 3.
• the damper element 122 is designed to damp the higher resonant frequency. Frictional damping is commonly used for element 122, although other types of damping (fluid, rubber, etc.) may also be used. Friction values from 5 Nm to 20 Nm are typical. the increased torque fluctuations require more friction than petrol engines. Element 122 attenuates the higher resonance without significantly degrading the isolator performance at the other frequencies, such as for line 350 as shown in FIG.
• the torque converter assembly 200 includes a pump 202 and a cover 204 (analogous to the cover 102 in FIG. 1).
• the lid 204 is attached to the flex plate 206 with tabs 208.
• the flexplate 206 receives torque from a motor (not shown) through attachment with connectors 210.
• Torque from the pump 202 is transmitted to the turbine 212 and deflected by the stator 214.
• the converter 200 also includes a damper 216. Turbine torque is transmitted to the input shaft 218 through the damper 216.
• the clutch 220 bypasses the fluid circuit generated by the pump 202, the turbine 212 and the stator 214 to reduce fuel consumption. That is, the coupling 220 connects the lid 204 directly to the damper.
• the damper 216 has a damper stage 222 (analogous to 110 in FIG. 1), damper stage 224 (analogous to 114 in FIG. 1) and a movable flange 226 (analogous to the flange 112 in FIG. 1) including the stages 222 and 224 rotatably connects.
• non-rotatable connection it is meant that torque received by the stage 222 is transmitted from the flange to the stage 224 and vice versa.
• the movable flange 226 has a cover plate 228 and a cover plate 230.
• damper stage 222 is a radially outer damper stage and damper stage 224 is a radially inner damper stage.
• steps 222 and 224 are axially adjacent to a similar radius.
• the damper 216 has a tuned torsion damper 232 (analogous to the element 120 in FIG. 1) that rotatably connects the turbine 212 to the flange 226. Although the turbine 212 is shown, the damper 232 may rotationally connect any inertia element that is not coupled with respect to rotation when the clutch 104 is engaged. In a preferred embodiment, the damper 232 includes any component known in the art having a linear zero torque transition. That is, when the element is switched from the positive torque to the negative torque, the spring constant at the zero crossing is linear. In other words, the zero torque passage is linear when the twisting of the damper 232 is changed from a first rotational direction to a second opposite rotational direction.
• the damper 232 comprises a coil spring.
• damper 232 has a rotationally resilient plate.
• the torsionally flexible plate may have annular rings for attachment to the turbine 212 and the flange 226, and thin feet which connect the rings while permitting screwing.
• the feet are integrally formed to form an S-curve, similar to that in commonly owned US Patent Application No. 60 / 876,317 (US Provisional, filed Dec.
• the damper 232 is fixedly attached to the turbine 212 and flange 226, eg, through rivets 234 and 236, respectively ,
• the damper 232 and the flange 226 may have an axial offset 238 between the attachment locations.
• the offset in the damper 232 is less than the offset in the flange 226 in the free state, i. the flange is located in Fig. 2 farther left than the damper.
• the offset in the damper 232 is greater so that the mounting locations are close to the locations of attachment of the flange 226 so that rivets 236 can be mounted.
• the cover plate 228 has the area of the flange 226 with the offset 238.
• the force of the damper 232 on the flange 226 in the direction 239 creates friction (analogous to the lid 122 in FIG. 1) to dampen the irregularities of rotation as the damper 232 rotates.
• the twisting of the splined connection 240 is limited, which has a spacing rivet 234 and a slot 242 in the flange 226. Therefore, the turbine 212 and damper 232 may rotate a predetermined angular amount before engaging the flange 226.
• the predetermined distance is between 2 degrees and 20 degrees. More specifically, the distance may also be limited between 6 degrees and 10.
• the total twist of the torsion damper 232 is limited by a spline connection with play.
• engine torque is transferred to the cover 204 through the flexplate 206.
• the piston plate 244 receives torque from the cover 204 via the leaf spring 246.
• the piston 244 is sealed from the input shaft 218 with the seal 248 and allows the piston 244 to close the clutch 220 and transmit torque to the plate 250 when the fluid pressure in the chamber 251 is high enough.
• the plate 250 transmits torque to the cover plate 252 through the spline connection 254.
• the rivet 56 connects the cover plate 252 to the cover plate 258.
• the plates 252 and 258 drive the spring 260, which applies torque to the movable flange 226.
• the plates 228 and 230 of the flange 226 compress the spring 262, which drives the input shaft 218 via the spline connection 264 on the output flange 266.
• the torsional damper 232 allows the inertia of the turbine 212 to oscillate relative to the flange 226.
• the damper 232 and the turbine 212 are riveted to the turbine hub 268.
• the bore 270 in the flange 266 provides clearance for a riveting tool to compress the rivet 234.
• the enlarged head portion 272 of the rivet 234 prevents the cover plate 228 from moving axially while still allowing the plate 228 to move in the direction of rotation during torsion damper 232 torsion.
• the hub 268 is centered on the flange 266.
• the bearings 274 and 276 control the axial movement of the components in the transducer 200.
• the spline connection 254 limits the axial movement of the plate 252.
• the rivet connection 256 determines the axial arrangement of the plate 228 and the turbine 212 and the hub 268 with the rivet 234.
• the Paragraph 278 controls the axial movement of the flange 266 relative to the hub 268.
• Fig. 3 the engine speed is plotted on the abscissa and on the ordinate, the peak fluctuations of the rotational speed of the differential are plotted.
• the differential response measured as peak speed variation, is plotted against engine speed for various damper arrangements.
• a typical diesel engine can operate between 800 rpm and 3500 rpm with the torque converter clutch engaging at a speed that may be 1000 rpm in the lowest case. Larger peak fluctuations are more likely to cause unwanted vibration and affect the driver.
• the dotted line 310 depicts the differential response of a drive train having a series damper without friction on the turbine.
• line 310 partially indicates a resonance point due to the inertia of the movable flange about 1900 rpm.
• Dotted line 320 represents the reaction when friction is added to the damper of line 310.
• the tip is eliminated at 900 rpm, the isolation is reduced at engine speeds above and below the point of resonance, as the larger variations show.
• line 320 is above the line 310 for speed values below about 1500 and above 2500 RPM.
• the dotted line 330 depicts the reaction of a drive train with a double damper assembly.
• An additional inertia of the turbine causes a lower resonance point than the turbine series damper (about 1000 rpm), but the resonance is still in the normal operating range of this engine and would cause unpleasant vibrations.
• Dashed line 340 depicts the response of a drive train to a frictional damper assembly, a so-called “turbine stirrer” in accordance with the present invention
• the turbine stirrer is tuned to a speed of 955 RPM
• the free flange resonance The lower resonance point 342 is below the usual driving range at an engine speed of approximately 750 rpm, and the resonance point 344 is at a speed of approximately 2600 rpm, so that the position 344 is still within the driving range of this
• engine and powertrain placement can be significantly reduced if friction is added, as shown by the dotted line 350.
• the damper friction causes a slight reduction in insulator performance at low speeds, but reduces the resonance at location 344.
• the present invention also includes a method of operating a torque converter. Although the method is described as a series of steps for purposes of clarity, it does not specify an order of steps unless explicitly stated.
• a first step absorbs torque in a first damper stage.
• a second step transfers the torque from the first damper stage to a movable flange.
• a third step transfers the torque from the movable flange to a second damper stage.
• a fourth step combines an inertia element with the Flange through a tuned torsion damper to prevent resonance of the flange.
• the fifth step adjusts the torsional damper to lower a high frequency peak by adjusting the spring constant and the friction of the damper with the flange.
• the friction is between 5 Nm and 20 Nm or the spring constant is calculated to set the resonance of the inertia element to a point below the limit for jerk-free operation.
• the inertia element is a turbine of the torque converter.
• the total torsion of the torsion damper is between 2 degrees and 20 degrees.
• the rotation is between 6 degrees and 10 degrees.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
• Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
• Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
• Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)

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• 2008
  • 2008-11-07 US US12/291,212 patent/US8135525B2/en active Active
  • 2008-11-10 JP JP2010533426A patent/JP5496904B2/ja active Active
  • 2008-11-10 DE DE102008056636A patent/DE102008056636A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2008-11-10 CN CN200880115924.9A patent/CN101855474B/zh active Active
  • 2008-11-10 DE DE112008002980.6T patent/DE112008002980B4/de active Active
  • 2008-11-10 WO PCT/DE2008/001852 patent/WO2009062479A1/de not_active Ceased
• 2014
  • 2014-03-05 JP JP2014043045A patent/JP5832570B2/ja active Active

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