Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
  • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
  • E04G21/12—Mounting of reinforcing inserts; Prestressing
  • E04G21/125—Reinforcement continuity box
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
  • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
  • B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
  • B28B23/005—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects with anchoring or fastening elements for the shaped articles
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
  • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
  • B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
  • B28B23/0056—Means for inserting the elements into the mould or supporting them in the mould
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
  • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
  • E04G21/12—Mounting of reinforcing inserts; Prestressing
  • E04G21/125—Reinforcement continuity box
  • E04G21/126—Reinforcement continuity box for cable loops

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a rail for receiving cable loops for the connection of prefabricated components, consisting of a rail with a U-shaped profile, which has a base plate and two angled side walls, with openings in the base plate of the U-profile for the implementation of cable loops and with a stop in the prefabricated component improving surface structure in the form of projecting and / or recessed wall sections in the base plate and / or on the side walls of the U-profile.
• side plates For better distinction of side walls of other components, the side walls of the cross-sectionally U-shaped rails are hereinafter referred to as "side plates" without that a specific geometry should be defined.
• a corresponding rail is known, for example, from WO 2007/031128.
• the prefabricated components in particular precast concrete walls, and supports are for rapid and precise connection with each other along their front and side surfaces, especially along their vertical Extension often equipped with so-called rope loops.
• prefabricated component in a formwork, with the aid of the prefabricated component is made, in addition to a conventional steel reinforcement z.
• steel loops are inserted along the edge surfaces or end faces of the concrete parts to be cast, which consist of folded into a loop steel cable sections, the merged En ⁇ the one piece far (eg 15 to 50 cm) protrude into the interior of the precast concrete part, while the loop formed by this steel cable section protrudes from a surface or front side of the precast concrete part.
• This end face is generally structured in the form of a groove extending in the longitudinal direction of the end face, wherein the loop of the rope originates from a groove base and possibly also extends a little way beyond the free edge of the precast concrete part.
• An opposing component which in turn has a corresponding groove in an end surface or side surface and cable loops protruding therefrom, is joined flush with the first-mentioned component along the end faces or groove openings having the cable loops, wherein the projecting ends of the cable loops of the one part into the groove-shaped recess of the opposite part engage and overlap the cable loops of both assembled components one another.
• both grooves are filled with a potting compound or a grout, so that the two finished parts are then firmly connected to each other, the cable loops and extending through the cable loops reinforcing rod next to the mortar compound form an additional, extending over both components of time extending reinforcement, which ensures a secure hold between these two components.
• the base plates and side plates of the U-rails usually also projecting and / or recessed surface sections to improve the grip of the rail in the concrete.
• the rope loops are folded into the defined by the rail groove and fixed in this position before attachment in the formwork and during concreting or during the subsequent transport of the finished parts inward by about 90 ° that they do not protrude over the free edges or the opening of the U-profile.
• a the open side of the U-profile covering plate which is clamped onto the open U-profile and, for example, can be attached directly to a formwork inside.
• Such rails are usually made of galvanized sheet steel or possibly (especially in the form of shorter rope loop boxes) made of plastic. However, these materials have only a relatively poor adhesion to concrete per se.
• the present invention has the object, a rail of the type mentioned in such a way that it is suitable for receiving larger loads, ie at a given number of rope loops in the on the rope loops and on the rope loops holding Rail larger forces can be introduced into the prefabricated components in question, and especially the lateral force carrying capacity is improved, so that the compound in question can accommodate higher static loads without increasing the number of cable loops.
• At least in the base plate of the U-profile in addition to the openings for the cable loops at least one open-sided cavity is provided, measured in the plane of the base plate cross-sectional area at least 4 cm 2 and its minimum length, width and depth is at least 1 cm each.
• Such cavities completely or partially replace the conventionally provided surface structure or they are provided in addition to such a surface structure.
• cavities with a relatively large cross-section and, above all, a relatively large depth are now provided on the base plate of the rail, which is cast when the rail is cast with concrete be filled by this or left blank so that the concrete at least along the respective groove bottom massive cams or cavities with a cross-sectional area of at least 4 cm 2 and a depth of at least 1 cm is formed, which engage in the cavities of the rail, or which are filled by grout in the rail, thus pass through the base plate of the rail and prevent displacement of the rail in the longitudinal direction or a release of the rail of the concrete much better than the known and formed by deforming or punching the rail side walls and base platesbrunst ruins.
• the respective cavities in the plan view are rectangular and have according to an embodiment of the invention, minimum dimensions of 2 x 3 cm 2, in other embodiments, from 4 x 3 cm 2 and in one embodiment about 10 x 3 cm 2, or even 10 x 5 cm 2 , wherein the respectively first indicated dimension in the longitudinal direction of the rail and the second dimension in the transverse direction of the rail is measured.
• an embodiment of the invention provides for the respective cavities to open through an opening in the base plate and one open at the bottom thereof closed hollow body is formed, which is fittingly inserted into the opening provided in the base plate.
• the open side of the hollow body then coincides more or less with the opening in the base plate and the hollow body extends into the rest of the U-profile of the rail (or out of this).
• the hollow body may be, for example, an approximately cuboid plastic box, which optionally has along its opening edge a small flange which hangs in the mounted state on the edge of the corresponding opening in the base plate. Locking elements which latch behind the edge of the base plate opening, according to one embodiment, can fix the hollow body at the edge of the base plate opening.
• the cams in a desired shape and size is provided according to an embodiment of the invention that the cavity extends from its edge to the base plate in the interior of the rail extending side walls and one to the inside the rail has closed bottom. These side walls and the floor then exactly define the geometric structure of a concrete cam engaging in the base plate of the rail.
• the depth of such a cam should be at least 10 mm, so that consequently the height of the sidewalls measured perpendicular to the edges of the cavity should also be at least about 10 mm and according to one embodiment at least 20 mm.
• the cavity open at one side may also be provided on the base plate or side plates of the U-profile such that its side walls extend outwardly from the base plate (s).
• the base plate of the rails by cross-cam from grout, which extend into the groove bottom (or groove walls) on the face or side surface of a precast concrete part and in this way also the transverse force carrying capacity by improving the composite rail Increase finished component as in the embodiment described above.
• this embodiment is subject to essentially the same functional principle as a rail with inwardly projecting side walls of the cavity or cavities and should therefore be included in the scope of the present invention, it is less preferred because of a correspondingly higher consumption of expensive grout.
• a plurality of cavities in the base plate of the rail are provided at intervals from each other, again according to a particular embodiment of the invention, the entire cross-sectional area of the cavities or the resulting cams at least 5% better at least 10% of the total area of the base plate makes up and preferably up to about one third of the area of the baseplate.
• adjacent cavities between each of which a cable loop is arranged, at least one distance from each other, which corresponds to the length of the protruding from the base plate portion of the cable loop and preferably at least 10% greater than this length.
• the cable loop can then, when it passes through cavities through the base plate, are folded into a position in which the defined by the cable loop level is parallel to the base plate, so that the cable loop is completely absorbed between the side walls and not from the open top of Rail protrudes.
• This cable loop position is usually maintained in the casing and also in the transport of the plates, as long as the cable loops are not needed, for example, to suspend and transport the plates and as long as they do not serve the connection with adjacent prefabricated components.
• the cavities according to the invention are therefore spaced apart so far that where there is a cable loop between two cavities, there is sufficient space for folding in or out of the cable loop between the adjacent cavities.
• the clear distance between adjacent cavities, between which a cable loop is arranged is at least twice the length of the cavities measured in this direction.
• the cable loops and the cable loop holders could also be designed so that the Rope loops folded down on the top of closely adjacent cavities and held in this position, since in this embodiment, above the inside of the U-profile lying bottom of the cavities sufficient space for receiving the cable loops is present without this over the edge of the U-profile Protruding profile.
• the cavities could be arranged at a closer distance from each other and to the cable loops and, for example, in the sum of one third or more of the total length of the rail claim.
• the cavities based on the total length of the device, make up in their sum less than half the length of the base plate and detect a maximum of one third of the base plate based on the surface of the base plate.
• a favorable ratio of retaining cam or cavities to remaining rail base area is obtained if the total cross-sectional area of all cavities at the bottom of a rail between 15% and 25% of the total base surface of the base plate (including the recess).
• the side walls of the cavity may extend perpendicular to the base plate, but according to another embodiment they may also enclose an angle with the base plate which, measured in each case in the same direction, may be between 60 ° and 120 °.
• opposing side walls of the recess may have an opposite inclination to the base plate, which means that the measured in one direction angle, which includes a side wall with the base plate is smaller than 90 °, while the corresponding angle of the opposite side is greater than 90 ° is.
• the cavities and the complementary cams formed therefrom optionally have a trapezoidal or dovetail cross-section.
• precast concrete slabs or walls are cast with horizontally or vertically oriented rail
• vertically arranged walls are inclined to each other so that they form a dovetail profile, ie that the walls of the cavities effectively form undercuts.
• the walls defining the dovetail profile are those which are oriented substantially vertically during the casting of a corresponding plate, while the walls defining the trapezoidal profile have horizontally extending edges and are arranged vertically one above the other. This avoids the formation of air bubbles in the undercuts in the cavities when casting corresponding concrete slabs, which would then not be filled with concrete.
• corresponding inclined side walls can, of course, also be combined with side walls that are perpendicular to the base plate, or opposite side walls can also be inclined towards the same side, so that a parallelogram profile is formed or the angles of inclination can both be greater or both smaller than 90 °. but be different from each other.
• undercuts should always be formed so that they are not defined during the casting of a concrete slab through the respective top side wall of a recess, in order to avoid the formation of air bubbles in the undercut.
• corresponding cavities could also be formed in the side panels of a U-profile rail.
• the cavities also need not necessarily be rectangular, but they can be arbitrarily polygonal or circular or elliptical. Even with such cross-sectional shapes can be produced by appropriate inclination of the side walls undercuts and tilt the side walls as a whole so that in any case a lying at the top pouring section defines no undercut to avoid formation of air bubbles.
• Another advantage of the relatively large cavities in the rails of the present invention lies in the fact that it is possible to use coarse-grained and thus cheaper aggregates both for the concrete and for the grouting mortar, since the concrete or mortar is still without problems even the large-volume cavities which would be problematic for smaller structures.
• the rail has a plurality of cavities distributed over the length of the rail, wherein the rail is formed asymmetrically with respect to the measured to the two ends of the rail spacings of the cavities.
• the clear distances of the cavities to one of the rail ends should preferably differ from the corresponding distance-closest clearances of the cavities to the other rail end by an amount which corresponds at least to the length of the cavities, measured in the rail longitudinal direction.
• the present invention also includes a combination of two such rails for the connection of two adjacent prefabricated components, in which the opposing rails of adjacent prefabricated components in their longitudinal alignment are arranged rotated relative to each other by 180 °, so that the cavities of the opposite rails ver are arranged to each other.
• the so interconnected prefabricated components have a significantly improved transverse load capacity parallel to joint than when the cavities of the rails and thus corresponding retaining cams are arranged on both sides of the joint exactly opposite each other, as in longitudinally symmetrical rails or symmetrical, non-staggered arrangement of the retaining cams on the opposite sides of the connecting joint would be the case.
• a cavity of a rail is located exactly in the middle between two cavities of the other, opposite rail, wherein the cavities along a rail are preferably evenly spaced from each other.
• this also includes combinations of rails or interconnected prefabricated components of the present invention, in which the rails, although with respect to their longitudinal direction symmetrically arranged cavities, but are arranged correspondingly offset on the end faces of the connected prefabricated components, wherein Overall, this purpose a little shorter than the associated end faces of prefabricated components or be shortened accordingly.
• a variant of the invention is preferred in which the rails are nonetheless essentially symmetrical with respect to the distances of the passage points of the cable loops to the respective ends of the rail.
• the concrete cams are arranged offset from one another at the bottom of the two opposite rails in the rail longitudinal direction, the (unfolded) opposite cable loops should still be in pairs at the same height.
• the invention also provides a combination of two rails for the connection of two adjacent prefabricated components, in which the side plates of one rail have a height measured perpendicular to the base plate, which is at least twice the height of the side walls of the other rail.
• the side plates of one rail should have a height of at least 50 mm, and the side plates of the other rail should have a height of at most 30 mm.
• the present invention also includes precast concrete elements made with the rails and combinations of rails as defined in the claims.
• FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of the open side of a section of a profile rail with a cable loop and box-shaped cavities in the base plate
• FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a profiled rail section from the side of the base plate
• FIG. 3 shows a cross section through a first embodiment of a rail
• FIG. 5 shows a longitudinal section through precast concrete slabs with cast-in profile rails according to FIGS. 3 and 4, and FIG. 6 shows a horizontal cross-section through two interconnected precast concrete elements with corresponding profile rails;
• FIG. 7 shows various combinations of cross-sections of the cavities in two mutually perpendicular directions;
• FIG. 8 shows a arranged on a prefabricated component, interrupted illustrated rail, which has asymmetrical clearances of the cavities to the two rail ends, and
• Figure 9 shows two prefabricated components whose joint is formed by means of two rails, which have asymmetrically distributed cavities in the longitudinal direction and also different height side plates but symmetrically arranged cable loop passage points.
• FIG 1 a generally designated 10 rail, which has a substantially U-shaped profile (as seen more clearly in Figure 3) and which consists of a base plate 11 and two substantially perpendicular thereto angled side plates 12a, 12b.
• the base plate 11 has on the one hand openings for receiving cable loops 7, wherein corresponding holding parts 15 are used for the cable loops 7, which are generally made of plastic, in the openings and fill them substantially.
• the cable loops are formed by short steel cable sections 8, which are doubled and connected with their free ends firmly connected to each other via a corresponding sleeve, said these free ends after the Pouring the rail 10 with a concrete slab hineinertiern in the interior of the concrete slab and the cable loops 7 protrude from a side face of the concrete slab.
• cavities 1 in the form of depressions or cavities of the base plate 11 are still provided, which extend from the bottom of the rail forth in the interior of the U-profile.
• cavities are formed in the illustrated embodiment on the one hand by a corresponding, substantially rectangular opening in the base plate 11 and the other by an open at the bottom and otherwise substantially cuboid plastic box consisting of side walls 2, 3, 4, 5 and a Floor 6 is made, so that there is a closed on five sides, cuboid body, which lies with its open side substantially in the plane of the base plate 11 and thus forms a protruding into the interior of the U-profile rail 10 cavity 1.
• the rail 10 already shown in perspective in FIG. 1 can again be seen in a likewise rear perspective view from the underside of the floor 11. Again, one recognizes again the base plate 11 and a side wall 12a of the rail, the holding element 15 for the cable loops 7 and the cavity with bottom 6 and visible side walls 2, 3, wherein the side walls 4, 5 are hidden due to the perspective view.
• the edge of the plastic box z. B. may have a small flange 32 which rests tightly against the underside of the bottom plate 11.
• the rail 10 can again be seen in cross-section or in an end view corresponding to FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 from below.
• a substantially cuboid plastic box 1 which side walls 2, 3, 5 (and a non-visible side wall 4, which is opposite to the side wall 2) and a bottom 6 again.
• the small flange on the plastic box which defines the cavity and on the outside of the side walls 3, 5 barbs or spring elements 31 in close proximity to the flange 32, which engage behind the edge of the opening in the bottom plate and thus hold this plastic box securely and substantially tightly in the opening of the bottom plate 11.
• the side plates 12a, 12b of the U-profile 10 have an additional profiling or bulging, which ensures a better grip of the rail in the end face of a concrete slab.
• FIG. 4 shows the cross-section or also an end view similar to FIG. 3 for a second variant of a profile rail 20.
• This profile rail 20 differs from the profile rail 10 in the direction of the profile rail. sentlichen only by the much higher side plates 22a, 22b, which define a significantly deeper U-profile than the side plates 12a, 12b of the U-Prof ⁇ ls 10.
• these side plates are still provided in the embodiment shown here with protrusions 23 and recessed portion 24, which are also intended to improve the maintenance of the rail 20 in a finished concrete part or an end face of the precast concrete part.
• the side plates 22a, 22b are angled relative to the base plate 21 by an angle different from 90 °, so that the groove formed by this rail 20 in the face of a concrete slab has a slightly trapezoidal cross-section whose width from the bottom to the opening slightly increases.
• FIG. 5 shows two precast concrete elements in the form of plates 40, 50, which are connected to one another along a joint 45. In this longitudinal section it can be seen that they extend far into the concrete slabs 40, 50 and are shed with the end portions of the steel cables 8, which are firmly connected by suitable end sleeves.
• a dot-dash line indicates the location of a reinforcing bar 46, which extends through the mutually overlapping rope loops 7 therethrough, which in turn are folded out of the U-shaped rails 10 and 20 and, as in the enlarged view above right in Figure 5 recognizes overlap each other.
• the two rails 10, 20 each have five cable loops on substantially the same measured in the longitudinal direction of the rails positions.
• the cable loops 7 are generally folded into the rails and are in the folded position within by the appropriately designed holding elements 15, which is particularly well in this embodiment in FIG held the U-profile.
• these cable loops 7 are folded out of the molded with the concrete walls 40, 50 rails 10 and 20 and then arrive in the position shown in Figure 5 and also in Figure 6, in which the cable loops 7 of opposite rails 10 and 20 overlap each other.
• the U-profiles 10 and 20 define in the faces of precast concrete grooves in which the cable loops 7 initially in folded and later for the connection of the two finished parts 40, 50 also can be at least partially taken in the unfolded state.
• one of the U-profiles, namely the U-profile 20 is deliberately designed significantly deeper than the U-profile 10, because it is possible in this way, the unfolded rope loops 7 for a given size according to space between the faces of the precast concrete parts 40, 50th to give.
• both rails 10 and 20 are aware of different depths formed because the base plate 11 of the rails 10 in the case of some precast concrete parts, especially for columns, a sufficiently large distance from inner reinforcement elements of these finished parts must comply, but on the other hand again relatively close to the Surface of the concrete or the finished part 50 facing end face are arranged so that it is not possible in the case of some precast concrete parts, such as in particular some pillars, the deeper U-profiles 20 use.
• the rope loops for reasons of practical handling a minimum length of the order of 70 mm, so that they are not in the unfolded state in an opposite groove with shallow depth of z. B. only 20 mm would fit into it, if the remaining joint 45 between see the furthest projecting edges of the faces or grooves a certain maximum dimension of z. B. also should not exceed 20 mm.
• a flat U-profile 10 with a deep U-section 20 then allows on the one hand a sufficient distance to reinforcing elements, for example on the side of a support by attaching a flat rail 10 and attaching a deep rail 20 on the end face of a concrete slab and yet relatively narrow joint 45 and an overall relatively small volume to be filled with the (generally relatively expensive) potting compound for the connection of corresponding precast concrete parts, this volume essentially by the volume the two U-profiles 10, 20 and the remaining due to the distance of the precast concrete parts 40, 50 gap 45 is defined.
• This volume or the distance of the opposite base plates 11, 21 of the opposite rails 10, 20 at the same time provides enough space for the complete unfolding of cable loops 7 with a length up to the sum of the sum of the depths of the two rails plus the width of the remaining Groove 45 may be.
• cavities 1 at the bottom of the U-profiles 10 and 20 also have a positive side effect, since they in turn reduce the volume to be filled by potting compound or grout when they protrude into the interior of the rail.
• the bases of the cavities 1 preferably make up between 10% and 35% of the area of the base plates 11, 21.
• FIG. 7 shows a few possible cross-sectional shapes of the cavities 1 with partially undercut side walls 3, 5 and 2, 4.
• the concrete cam formed by the cavity 1 extends in cross-section at least in a cross-sectional direction from the concrete slab into the U-profile.
• FIG. 7 shows at the top the plan view of a cavity or a corresponding concrete block forming in such a cavity. Furthermore, two cross-sectional lines A and B are shown. The sub-panels below show various cross-section combinations "A” and "B", whereby the longitudinal cross-section "A” is shown somewhat shortened for reasons of space.
• the concrete blocks which result from corresponding cavities, in at least one cross-sectional direction extending from the plate outwardly expanding cross-section, which leads in practice to a larger breakout wedge in the concrete and thus an increased lateral force carrying capacity of indirectly over this Cam secured rails and rope loops causes.
• undercut is avoided in all cross-sectional combinations, wherein the rail with its cavities is always arranged so that a respective wall of the cavities at the top is always one of the side walls which do not define an undercut.
• a rail 20 with its two asymmetrical ends is shown schematically along an end face of a finished component or a prefabricated wall 40, the middle section of the rail and the wall 40 being omitted by an interruption.
• the peculiarity of the rail of Figure 8 is that the clearances X 1 to X n , measured from one end of the Rail 20 to the respective cavities 1, differ from corresponding distances V 1 to y n , which would be measured from the opposite end of the rail, again starting at the closest to this end to the farthest cavity.
• the rail is asymmetrically formed with respect to the clearances of the cavities 1 from the ends of the rail.
• FIG. 9 shows a connecting region of two adjacent prefabricated components 40, 50, on whose end faces corresponding rails 10, 20 with cable loops 5 are arranged.
• the one rail 10 is rotated relative to the other rail 20 about a lying in the plane of the paper, horizontal axis by 180 °, i. that the lower end of the rail 20 shown on the left corresponding end is arranged at the top of the rail 10 shown on the top.
• the concrete blocks of the prefabricated components which form by penetration of the concrete into the cavities 1, are arranged offset on one side of the connecting joint opposite the cam formed on the opposite side, while the exit points of the cable loops still the same height.
• the asymmetrical arrangement of the cams with respect to the ends of the respective rails is independent of this different height of both rails. Even similar rails 10, 20 would lead with a corresponding rotation about a horizontal axis by 180 ° to the staggered arrangement of the opposing cavities 1 and the concrete cones forming therein.
• the openings for the cable loops and the corresponding cable loops 5 are arranged approximately symmetrically with respect to the two rail ends, so that the cable loops of opposite prefabricated components lie relatively close to one another, as shown in FIG. This leads at low loads to a favorable power transmission directly between the cable loops, each forming a close-fitting pair.
• the length of the cavities 1 and the cams in this example is about 60 to 80 mm, their width is about 30 to 55 mm and their height about 20 mm.
• the distance between the cable loops is about 250 mm, which also corresponds to the pitch of the cavities 1, which have a different distance only to the ends of the respective rail, wherein the difference of the clearances of the outermost cavities 1 to their nearest ends of the rail 10 or 20 corresponds approximately to half the repeating distance, that is about 125 mm or any other value between z. B. 100 and 150 mm.
• the above dimensions of the individual elements can be realized independently of each other.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
• Laying Of Electric Cables Or Lines Outside (AREA)

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• 2007
  • 2007-07-26 DE DE202007010509U patent/DE202007010509U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 2008
  • 2008-04-04 AU AU2008280579A patent/AU2008280579B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2008-04-04 ES ES08801436.0T patent/ES2595060T3/es active Active
  • 2008-04-04 EP EP08801436.0A patent/EP2183446B1/de active Active
  • 2008-04-04 DK DK08801436.0T patent/DK2183446T3/en active
  • 2008-04-04 PL PL08801436.0T patent/PL2183446T3/pl unknown
  • 2008-04-04 PT PT88014360T patent/PT2183446T/pt unknown
  • 2008-04-04 WO PCT/EP2008/002703 patent/WO2009012827A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2008-04-04 LT LTEP08801436.0T patent/LT2183446T/lt unknown

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