WO2008110193A1 - Four de traitement thermique comprenant une compensation de la dépression - Google Patents

Four de traitement thermique comprenant une compensation de la dépression Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008110193A1
WO2008110193A1 PCT/EP2007/010055 EP2007010055W WO2008110193A1 WO 2008110193 A1 WO2008110193 A1 WO 2008110193A1 EP 2007010055 W EP2007010055 W EP 2007010055W WO 2008110193 A1 WO2008110193 A1 WO 2008110193A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat treatment
heating chamber
chamber
furnace
treatment furnace
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2007/010055
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Peter Haase
Original Assignee
Ipsen International Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ipsen International Gmbh filed Critical Ipsen International Gmbh
Publication of WO2008110193A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008110193A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
    • C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
    • C21D9/663—Bell-type furnaces
    • C21D9/667—Multi-station furnaces
    • C21D9/67—Multi-station furnaces adapted for treating the charge in vacuum or special atmosphere
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
    • C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
    • C21D9/56—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
    • C21D9/562—Details
    • C21D9/565—Sealing arrangements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
    • C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
    • C21D9/663—Bell-type furnaces
    • C21D9/667—Multi-station furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
    • F27B5/06—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B5/16—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
    • F27B5/02—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated of multiple-chamber type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat treatment furnace for heat treatment of, in particular, metallic workpieces, with a furnace chamber which can be closed by means of an oven door, the furnace chamber having a heating chamber and a quenching chamber.
  • Heat treatment furnaces for heat treatment of in particular metallic workpieces in general and heat treatment furnaces with a furnace chamber having a heating chamber and a quenching chamber in particular are well known in the prior art, which is why a separate documentary proof at this point is not required.
  • Figures 1 to 6 show a generic heat treatment furnace and its operation in the context of a so-called double loading.
  • the in Figs. 1 to 6 illustrated heat treatment furnace 1 has a furnace housing, which provides a volume space designated in its entirety as a furnace chamber 3.
  • the furnace chamber 3 is designed to be open on one end, with the open side preferably being closed in a gas-tight manner by means of an oven door 4.
  • the furnace chamber 3 has a heating chamber 5 providing a heating chamber 6 and a quenching chamber 8 providing a quenching chamber 7.
  • the heating chamber 5 and the quenching chamber 7 are separated from each other by means of an intermediate door 10.
  • the operation of the in Figs. 1 to 6, the heat treatment furnace 1 is as follows:
  • a first workpiece 2 to be treated is conveyed by a workpiece holder or dispenser 11 in the direction of the arrow 23 into the quenching chamber 7, where it is taken over by a heat treatment furnace own transport system. Then the oven door 4 is closed. The workpiece 2 is then conveyed by means of the heat treatment furnace own transport system in accordance with the arrow 24 through the "cold chamber", that is, the quenching chamber 7 through into the heating chamber 5. As soon as the workpiece 2 has been brought into the heating chamber 5, the intermediate door 10 between the heating chamber 5 and the quenching chamber 7 is closed and the heating of the workpiece 2 within the heating chamber 5 can begin.
  • thermochemical treatment process such as carburizing
  • the workpiece 2 is moved out of the heating chamber 5 into the quenching chamber 7 in correspondence of the arrow 25, as shown in FIG.
  • the quenching chamber 8 provided by the quenching chamber 7 comprises a quenching bath 9 filled with a quenching medium into which the heat-treated workpiece 2 is lowered by means of a lifting and lowering device 12 for deterrence in correspondence with the arrow 26, as shown in FIG.
  • the first workpiece 2 in the heating chamber 5 undergoes its thermochemical heat treatment
  • the first workpiece 2 that is, the previously heat-treated and quenched workpiece 2 is lifted from the quench bath 9 to drain the quenching medium adhering thereto, for example, oil in accordance with the arrow 29, as shown in Fig. 5.
  • the finished workpiece 2 is pulled out of the heat treatment furnace 1 in accordance with the arrow 30 and transferred to the outside of the heat treatment furnace 1 formed workpiece receiving or -abgäbe 11, as shown in Fig. 6.
  • the heat treatment furnace 1 according to FIGS. Figures 1 to 6 and its operation are well known in the art.
  • a problem with the known heat treatment furnaces is that in the course of proper use of an unavoidable vacuum within the furnace chamber, that is, the heating chamber and the quenching chamber forms, which must be compensated.
  • the negative pressure within the furnace chamber arises after closing the furnace door. Namely, as long as the oven door 4 is opened, flammable furnace gases are burned especially for safety reasons by means of a flame veil. The resulting heat leads to an expansion of the furnace interior space. Once the oven door 4 is closed, penetration of oxygen into the oven space is therefore no longer possible, the flame veil goes out due to lack of oxygen supply, resulting in an abrupt stop the heat input with the consequence that the atmosphere located in the furnace chamber contracts, causing a pressure drop within the furnace space generated. The avoidance of such a pressure drop is inherently unavoidable with combustible gases or with external heating.
  • the invention proposes a heat treatment furnace for heat treatment of particular metallic workpieces, with a furnace door closable by a furnace chamber, wherein the furnace chamber has a heating chamber and a quenching chamber, characterized in that provided by the heating chamber heating chamber to the heat treatment furnace ambient atmosphere is fluidly connected by means of a gas-tight sealable channel.
  • the heating chamber of the heat treatment furnace according to the invention is fluidly connected to the atmosphere surrounding the heat treatment furnace.
  • This purpose is served by a gas-tight sealable gas channel, which is provided, for example, by a tube which projects through the heating chamber wall.
  • a check valve may be provided, which is inserted into the gas channel.
  • the construction according to the invention is advantageous in that a pressure equalization takes place in the furnace chamber without any additional fumigation by process gas.
  • a pressure compensation can namely take place in that outside air is sucked through the inventively provided gas duct and guided into the furnace chamber, which then leads to a pressure equalization within the furnace chamber.
  • the non-return valve located in the gas channel opens automatically in the event of a pressure drop, just as it automatically closes when the oven overpressures.
  • the construction of the invention thus allows a fully automatic pressure equalization, which is realized in that in the case of a negative pressure, the non-return valve opens and so much ambient atmosphere, that is, air is sucked into the furnace chamber until a pressure equalization has taken place, that is, the pressure within the furnace Ambient pressure corresponds.
  • the provided for the introduction of ambient atmosphere in the furnace chamber gas channel opens according to the invention in the heating chamber, in the space between Schuttingwandung and muffle.
  • the in the course of a pressure equalization in the furnace chamber incoming air thus passes through the gas channel in the space between the heating chamber wall on the one hand and muffle on the other hand, where a mixing of the externally aspirated air takes place with the furnace atmosphere located in Walkercroraum.
  • the gas channel connecting the heating chamber to the atmosphere surrounding the heat treatment furnace in terms of fluidity opens on the heating chamber side in the intermediate space between the heating chamber wall on the one hand and the muffle on the other hand. A direct flow of the workpieces located in the heating chamber by the air sucked from the outside can be avoided in an advantageous manner.
  • the heating chamber and the quenching chamber are separated from each other by means of an intermediate door, they are not sealed off from each other gas-tight. This is also the reason why a negative pressure forming in the quenching chamber in the manner described above propagates into the heating chamber at the speed of sound.
  • the pressure balance between the heating chamber on the one hand and the quenching chamber on the other hand takes place via the common chain case, through which the chains of the transport system for the workpieces are guided. If, for the purpose of pressure equalization between furnace pressure on the one hand and ambient pressure on the other hand ambient air is sucked into the quenching chamber, so the incoming air passes through the chain case from the quenching chamber in the heating chamber.
  • both the chain case and the quenching chamber can be purged, for example, with nitrogen, but this has a not inconsiderable consumption of nitrogen result.
  • the "vacuum problem" according to the invention is achieved in that ambient air is sucked directly into the heating chamber.
  • the pressure equalization automatically takes place solely in that ambient air is sucked into the heating chamber, wherein the pressure equalization propagates via the chain case in the quenching chamber, so that the result is the entire furnace chamber is supplied to a pressure equalization with the ambient pressure.
  • the construction according to the invention allows pressure equalization solely by incoming ambient air, that is without any additional fumigation.
  • the point of introduction for the ambient air is chosen so that it passes into the space between muffle and brick wall, that is heating chamber wall and thus first with the Inert gas of the heating chamber can react. Subsequent reactions and mixing due to the forced gas flow at this point of introduction, the only locally oxidizing gas in this area in a very short time again reducing character. A scaling to the located within the heating chamber workpieces, that is the batch is so suppressed.
  • the non-return valve integrated in the gas channel in the direction of flow of ambient air into the heat treatment furnace is preceded by a valve, which is preferably a magnetic valve.
  • the solenoid valve is an additional safety device and is only in an open state when the following three requirements are met.
  • the check valve can not open for lack of pressure on the two sides of the non-return valve.
  • the series connection of the solenoid valve on the one hand and the check valve on the other hand therefore offers particular safety reasons the advantage that the gas duct is "unlocked" by the solenoid valve only if a supply of ambient air in the heating chamber should be basically possible. Whether then actually an influx of ambient air takes place in the heating chamber, results in dependence on the position of the non-return valve, which automatically opens when a negative pressure arises within the furnace chamber. In this case, the check valve remains open only until the negative pressure in the furnace interior balanced and there is ambient pressure.
  • FIGS. 1 to 6 show schematically a heat treatment furnace according to the prior art
  • Figure 7 is a schematic partial view of a heat treatment furnace according to the invention.
  • FIG. 8 in detail an air supply device according to the invention.
  • the Fign. 1 to 6 show a known from the prior art heat treatment furnace 1 and its operation, as already explained in the introduction.
  • FIG. 7 An inventive heat treatment furnace 1 is shown in a schematic partial view in Fig. 7.
  • the heat treatment furnace 1 according to the invention is distinguished from the heat treatment furnaces known from the prior art in that the heating chamber 6 provided by the heating chamber 5 is fluidly connected to the atmosphere surrounding the heat treatment furnace 1 by means of a gas-tight sealable gas channel 17 is.
  • the gas channel 17 is provided by a tube 18, which tube 18 into a bore 19 is guided in the heating chamber wall 14. Heating chamber side, the tube 18 opens in the space 15 between the heating chamber 14 on the one hand and muffle 13 on the other.
  • the gas channel 17 is formed closed gas-tight.
  • a check valve 21 This opens automatically as soon as there is negative pressure within the furnace chamber 3 compared to the ambient pressure.
  • the check valve 21 closes automatically again when it comes to a pressure equalization, that is, within the oven chamber 3 as desired ambient pressure prevails.
  • the check valve 21 in the inflow direction of the ambient air is a valve, in particular a solenoid valve 22 upstream.
  • This solenoid valve 22 only opens, so only the gas channel 17 is free if prevail in the interior of the heating chamber 5 predeterminable for a permitted air inlet conditions. Otherwise, the solenoid valve 22 is closed, so that an inflow of ambient air into the heating chamber 5 is not possible even if within the heating chamber 5, a negative pressure should prevail in comparison to the ambient pressure.
  • the prevailing within the heating chamber 5 atmosphere is circulated by means of a rolling device 16, as shown schematically by the arrows 31.
  • atmosphere flows from the outside sucked ambient air in accordance with the arrow 33.
  • the ambient air flowing in from outside is directed onto the workpiece 2 located within the heating chamber 5, sufficient time passes, so that the ambient air flowing in from outside can react with the protective gas located within the heating chamber 5.
  • the rolling device 16 gas flow at the point of introduction of the air coming from the outside, this has only locally oxidizing acting gas in a short time again reducing character. Unwanted scaling of the workpiece 2 by a direct admission of the same with sucked from the outside ambient air can be effectively prevented.
  • the total of at least the gas channel 17, the check valve 21 and the solenoid valve 22 having means may be referred to as air supply means. This is shown in detail according to a possible embodiment in Fig. 8.
  • the air channel 17 is formed by a bore through the heating chamber wall 14.
  • the bore has, for example, a diameter of 45 mm.
  • an adapter piece 34 is gas-tightly inserted into the bore forming the gas channel 17.
  • An intermediate tube 35 and a deflecting tube 36 adjoin this on the right side with reference to the plane of the drawing according to FIG.
  • the adapter piece 34 is screwed to the intermediate tube 35, which in turn is in turn bolted to the deflection tube 36.
  • the air supply device 39 according to FIG. 8 furthermore has a non-return flap 21 and a magnetic valve 22.
  • the function of both the non-return flap 21 and the magnetic valve 22 has been described with reference to FIGS. already described.
  • the solenoid valve 22 is preceded by a handwheel 38 in Lufteinströmraum. By means of this handwheel, the supply of air in the heating chamber 6 provided by the heating chamber 5 can be manually locked or opened.
  • a drive for example in the embodiment of a 24 V DC motor.
  • the check valve 21 and the solenoid valve 22 upstream of an air filter 37 in the air inflow direction.
  • Fig. 9 shows a partial view of the heat treatment furnace 1 according to the invention in a possible embodiment.
  • the heating chamber 5 provided by the heating chamber 6 can be seen in this schematic view.
  • the workpiece 2 to be heat treated which, according to Art a hood is surrounded by the muffle 13.
  • the rolling device 16 Above the muffle 13 is the rolling device 16, for example in the form of a fan, which is driven by a motor formed outside of the heat treatment furnace 1.
  • the heat treatment furnace 1 is equipped according to the invention with an air supply device 39, as shown in detail in Fig. 8.
  • the invention further relates to a method for heat treatment of particular metallic workpieces, in which, depending on predeterminable output parameters integrated in an ambient air supply channel check valve is switched so that ambient air can flow into the heat treatment furnace at a self-adjusting in the heat treatment furnace vacuum automatically.
  • This method is used in particular in a heat treatment furnace of the aforementioned type.
  • the heat treatment furnace has a heating chamber and a quenching chamber in a conventional manner. Via a gas channel, the heating chamber is fluidly connected to the atmosphere surrounding the heat treatment furnace. Within the connecting channel, a check valve on the one hand and a solenoid valve on the other hand are arranged, wherein the solenoid valve is connected upstream in the direction of flow of ambient air into the heat treatment furnace of the check valve.
  • predefinable operating parameters are monitored within the scope of a heat treatment process.
  • an operating parameter whether there is a workpiece to be treated within the heating chamber, whether the temperature within the heating chamber for a predeterminable period of, for example, 300 seconds, at least 750 0 C and whether the furnace door is closed or the closing process is initiated. If, for example, the monitoring results in these operating parameters being fulfilled, then the solenoid valve integrated in the gas channel is opened, so that it is fundamentally possible for ambient air to flow into the heating chamber via the gas channel. If a negative pressure within the heat treatment furnace now appears in the further treatment process, then the non-return flap likewise integrated in the gas channel automatically opens or closes until pressure equalization has taken place, that is, ambient pressure prevails within the heat treatment furnace.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un four de traitement thermique pour le traitement thermique en particulier de pièces à usiner métalliques (2, 20), comprenant un espace de four (3) pouvant être fermé grâce à une porte de four (4), l'espace de four (3) présentant un compartiment de chauffage (5) et un compartiment de trempe. Pour fabriquer un four de traitement thermique amélioré en particulier en ce qui concerne l'utilisation du gaz de procédé, on recommande selon l'invention que l'espace de chauffage assuré par le compartiment de chauffage (7) soit relié à l'atmosphère régnant dans le four de traitement thermique (1) grâce à un canal de gaz (17) pouvant être fermé de manière étanche au gaz. La dépression apparaissant dans le four après la fermeture de la porte de four est compensée par l'aspiration automatique de l'air extérieur.
PCT/EP2007/010055 2007-03-14 2007-11-21 Four de traitement thermique comprenant une compensation de la dépression WO2008110193A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202007003738.4 2007-03-14
DE200720003738 DE202007003738U1 (de) 2007-03-14 2007-03-14 Wärmebehandlungsofen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008110193A1 true WO2008110193A1 (fr) 2008-09-18

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2007/010055 WO2008110193A1 (fr) 2007-03-14 2007-11-21 Four de traitement thermique comprenant une compensation de la dépression

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1970456A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE202007003738U1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008110193A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009014665A1 (de) * 2009-03-27 2010-09-30 Ipsen International Gmbh Arbeitsverfahren und Vorrichtung zum Be-und Entladen für einem Industrieofen wie Wärmebehandlungsofen zur Wärmebehandlung von metallischen Werkstoffen

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009038598B4 (de) * 2009-08-26 2017-06-22 Ipsen International Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Aufbereitung von Prozessgasen für Wärmebehandlungen von metallischen Werkstoffen/Werkstücken in Industrieöfen
US20230296322A1 (en) * 2022-03-15 2023-09-21 Afc-Holcroft, L.L.C. Apparatus and process for predicting metal heat treatment system failures

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3744960A (en) * 1972-05-08 1973-07-10 G Ingels Fluid environment in a treatment zone
JPH03243718A (ja) * 1990-02-21 1991-10-30 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The 雰囲気熱処理炉の炉圧制御方法
JPH08295926A (ja) * 1995-04-24 1996-11-12 Chugai Ro Co Ltd 多室型熱処理炉

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1104989A1 (ru) * 1983-06-28 1997-05-10 А.Т. Чаукин Установка для термообработки деталей
US4770108A (en) * 1987-07-28 1988-09-13 Abar Ipsen Industries, Inc. Two-way vent cap for controlled atmosphere furnace

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3744960A (en) * 1972-05-08 1973-07-10 G Ingels Fluid environment in a treatment zone
JPH03243718A (ja) * 1990-02-21 1991-10-30 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The 雰囲気熱処理炉の炉圧制御方法
JPH08295926A (ja) * 1995-04-24 1996-11-12 Chugai Ro Co Ltd 多室型熱処理炉

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009014665A1 (de) * 2009-03-27 2010-09-30 Ipsen International Gmbh Arbeitsverfahren und Vorrichtung zum Be-und Entladen für einem Industrieofen wie Wärmebehandlungsofen zur Wärmebehandlung von metallischen Werkstoffen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1970456A1 (fr) 2008-09-17
DE202007003738U1 (de) 2007-06-06

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