EP1294512B1 - Procede et dispositif pour le frittage de pieces frittees a base d'aluminium - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif pour le frittage de pieces frittees a base d'aluminium Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1294512B1
EP1294512B1 EP01956435A EP01956435A EP1294512B1 EP 1294512 B1 EP1294512 B1 EP 1294512B1 EP 01956435 A EP01956435 A EP 01956435A EP 01956435 A EP01956435 A EP 01956435A EP 1294512 B1 EP1294512 B1 EP 1294512B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sintering
area
parts
sintered
inert gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01956435A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1294512A1 (fr
Inventor
Hartmut Weber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eisenmann Anlagenbau GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Eisenmann Anlagenbau GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE2000130514 external-priority patent/DE10030514C1/de
Application filed by Eisenmann Anlagenbau GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Eisenmann Anlagenbau GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1294512A1 publication Critical patent/EP1294512A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1294512B1 publication Critical patent/EP1294512B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • B22F3/1003—Use of special medium during sintering, e.g. sintering aid
    • B22F3/1007—Atmosphere
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B21/00—Open or uncovered sintering apparatus; Other heat-treatment apparatus of like construction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/02—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity of multiple-track type; of multiple-chamber type; Combinations of furnaces
    • F27B9/029—Multicellular type furnaces constructed with add-on modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/06—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity heated without contact between combustion gases and charge; electrically heated
    • F27B9/10—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity heated without contact between combustion gases and charge; electrically heated heated by hot air or gas

Definitions

  • pure aluminum powder is not processed; rather, powder mixtures are preferred or alloyed powders, which are used in particular as Additional silicon included.
  • All powders that are important Component containing aluminum are summarized here Called "aluminum-based" and are at risk of to form oxides during sintering.
  • Aluminum sintered parts with a relatively high silicon content.
  • silicon content the silicon content the the sintering process more difficult.
  • Another difficulty when sintering aluminum-based powders consists of that they have a higher content of binding agents during the pressing process need.
  • binding agents which simultaneously serve as a lubricant for the press tool
  • a Make up a content of about 0.7 to 1.0 percent by weight need about 1.0 to 1.5 percent by weight to sinter aluminum Binding aids are added.
  • These binding aids must be complete again before the sintering process be removed.
  • all the requirements are Accuracy, reproducibility and homogeneity the temperature distribution when sintering aluminum-based Powder much more critical than when sintering other powder, especially iron. For this So far, aluminum sintered parts are not yet wherever this is used for and on would be desirable.
  • the object of the present invention is a method of the type mentioned above, with the high quality Aluminum-based sintered parts can be produced.
  • This object is achieved in that in process step b) an inert gas as the atmosphere is used, the oxygen content of a dew point of at most -40 ° C, and that the sintered parts by circulating the appropriately heated inert Gases heated to a sintering temperature of 560 - 620 ° C. become.
  • the invention is therefore based on a double finding: Because the oxygen content of the inert atmosphere a maximum limit is guaranteed that there are no undesirable oxides in the sintering process can form, which adversely affects the sintering product influence. In that, unlike the subject of above-mentioned DE-PS 197 19 203 not the sintered parts by radiant heat but by convection heat be heated, for which the aforementioned high purity inert Gas is put into a circulation flow takes place the heating of the sintered parts with a homogeneity, that could not be achieved otherwise. Only in total These characteristics result in the high quality desired of the sintered products.
  • Nitrogen is preferably used as the inert gas. This leaves is commercial with the required purity available and compared to noble gases, which are basically could also be considered, much cheaper.
  • Another object of the present invention is a To design the device of the type mentioned at the beginning that they are going to manufacture high quality aluminum-based Sintered parts are suitable.
  • the sintering area of a sintering device must have a length have at the selected transport speed corresponds to the time required for sintering. In general it is recommended if a longer sintering area has several has zones delimited by partitions, each a heating device with heat exchange surfaces, blower and have air equipment. This allows defined everywhere even with longer sintering areas Set flow conditions.
  • the temperature of the inert gas in the direction of movement successive zones of the sintered area differ.
  • the design leads to homogeneity of the temperature profile of the invention, in which the flow around the sintered parts in zones one behind the other in the direction of movement of the sintered area is different. So they can Sintered parts, for example, once from bottom to top, the other time from top to bottom, the one time from one rotating clockwise Flow, the other time from one moving seen flowing counter-clockwise become.
  • a nozzle plate is provided over which the circulating inert gas is opposed the sintered parts is straightened. This allows the flow in the area of the sintered parts and thus also the warming that the sintered parts experience continues equalize.
  • FIG. 1b shows a sintering furnace in vertical section, designed for sintering aluminum-based sintered parts is.
  • the entire sintering furnace is divided into different zones or Area divided into the mapping in Figure la Figure 1b are shown schematically.
  • the ones to be sintered Parts 23 are made using a transport system T in the continuous run in the drawing led from left to right through the sintering furnace.
  • the Sintering furnace contains one after the other, as seen in the conveying direction an inlet area 8, a debinding area 3, a Sintering area 2, a cooling area 4 and an outlet area 9.
  • Each of these areas 2, 3, 4, 8, 9 of the sintering furnace is a separately driven and controllable conveyor Associated with T2 through T9, which together form the above Form conveyor system T.
  • locks 7 are arranged between these areas, which each have two mechanical gates 6. These gates 6 are each in a front shaft of the corresponding Area 3, 2, 4, 9 arranged and preferably vertically movable, each lock 7 also separately controllable and adjustable conveyor (in the drawing not shown) is assigned.
  • Debinding area 3 is designed as a muffle furnace. That is, above and below the movement path of the to sintered parts there is a partition 20 through electric heating elements 21 or the like at temperature brought, essentially by radiant heat the sintered parts conveyed past are heated and from them drives out the binding aids.
  • Figure 2 shows a section perpendicular to the direction of movement of the sintered parts in the area of the sintering zone 2.
  • the housing 22 provided with insulation is on all places where air can enter the outside atmosphere or the escape of gases the interior atmosphere would be possible, well sealed.
  • the transport system T2 shown, the exact construction deliberately open is left. It is characterized by good gas permeability in the vertical direction; particularly suitable are, for example, roller or link belt systems.
  • the sintered parts 23 conveyed perpendicular to the plane of Figure 2, in illustrated example on a carrier plate 24, the ideally well permeable even in the vertical direction should be.
  • Chamber 26 contains the heat exchanger surfaces 28 an indirect heater 29, for example electrically can be operated.
  • Located at the top of chamber 26 air baffles with a central opening 30, which represents the suction opening of a blower 31.
  • the fan 31 is by a on the top of the Housing 22 attached motor 32 driven.
  • the outlet side of the fan 31 stands over an opening 33 with the chamber 27 on the right in FIG. 2 of the interior of the housing 22 in connection.
  • This chamber 27 is at her lower end, just above the sintered parts 23, through a nozzle plate 34 completed.
  • the entire sintered area 2 contains, in particular FIG. 1b shows a plurality of identical, sintering zones constructed in the manner described above, which are separated from one another by partitions 35.
  • the partitions 35 essentially only contain openings, which just allow the passage of the sintered parts 23.
  • the cooling area 4 is essentially the same Designed as in DE-PS 197 19 203.3 is described. The way in which the sintered parts temperature controlled and cooled in this area are not of interest in the present context. This is also shown in the drawing a kind of "muffle furnace” with a similar construction, like it is used in the debinding zone 3.
  • the pressed sintered parts 23 are in the inlet area 8th placed on the conveyor system T8, from this on a simple gate 6 is introduced into the debinding zone 3 and taken over by the T3 conveyor system there. With help the radiated heat emitted by the heated partition walls 20 the binding aids from the sintered parts 23 expelled and essentially subtracted. Since all inner surfaces in the debinding zone 3 are hot, there is a risk of "sooting up" No binding aids.
  • the sintered parts 23 occur individually or in small groups next to and / or one above the other Sintered parts 23 through the first gate of the Lock 7 that between the Entbind réelles Scheme 3 and the sintered area 2 lies in the space between the two gates of this lock 7.
  • the sintered parts 23 are thereby, as already mentioned above, from its own transport system T7 promoted, the speed of which varies the speed in the other areas of the sintering furnace can make a brief distinction to the overall system hold.
  • the gate adjacent to the sintered area 2 opens the lock 7.
  • the sintered parts 23 are now on the Transfer conveyor system T2 and from it to a heating zone which, for example, are passed through the extends through the first three zones of the sintered region 2.
  • a heating zone which, for example, are passed through the extends through the first three zones of the sintered region 2.
  • the actual sintering at a temperature between 560 and 620 ° C instead.
  • the temperature of the existing in the individual zones Gas is released by one near the movement path of the sintered parts 23 arranged temperature sensor 40 (cf. FIG. 2) who monitors the via a control loop Heater 29 controls.
  • All zones of the sintering area 2 are, as already above noted, essentially in that shown in Figure 2 Set up in such a way and with high purity nitrogen as inert Atmosphere filled.
  • the oxygen content in this inert atmosphere may not exceed a dew point of - correspond to 40 ° C.
  • a fan 31 Maintain nitrogen atmosphere, which, in the area the left chamber 26 coming from below, on the heat exchanger surfaces 28 of the respective heater 29 by the chamber 26 to the blower 31, from there into the chamber 27 and through the nozzle plate 34 onto the sintered parts 23 is directed.
  • These hot nitrogen gases flow around the sintered parts 23 penetrate the carrier plate 24 and the transport system T22 and from there again supplied to the heater 29, whereby the circuit is closed is.
  • the sintered parts pass through 23 between the sintering area 2 and the cooling area 4 lying, two gates including lock 7, where appropriate the same operations take place as above for between the debinding area 3 and the sintering area 2 lying lock 7 was explained.
  • the cooling area 4 finds a controlled cooling of the finished sintered parts to a temperature at which the Sintered parts 23 via a further lock 7 from the Exit cooling area 4 and finally in the outlet area 9 removed or closed by the local conveyor system T9 can be transported to another location.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Procédé de frittage de pièces à base d'aluminium, les pièces à fritter étant acheminées en continu à travers un four de frittage, dans lequel procédé sont exécutées, dans des atmosphères respectivement séparées et dans des zones séparées dans l'espace, les étapes suivantes :
    a) décomposition des liants dans les pièces à fritter ;
    b) les pièces à fritter sont amenées à la température de frittage et maintenues à celle-ci pendant une durée déterminée ;
    c) les pièces frittées sont refroidies de manière contrôlée ;
       caractérisé en ce que l'atmosphère dans l'étape b) est un gaz inerte, dont la teneur en oxygène correspond à un point de rosée de -40°C maximum, et en ce que les pièces à fritter sont chauffées par la circulation du gaz inerte chauffé de manière appropriée à une température de frittage de 560 à 620°C.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le gaz inerte utilisé est l'azote.
  3. Dispositif de frittage pour des pièces à base d'aluminium, comprenant
    a) une zone de déliantage (3), dans laquelle les pièces à fritter sont chauffées pour obtenir la décomposition des liants ;
    b) une zone de frittage (2), dans laquelle les pièces à fritter sont chauffées à la température de frittage et soumises à un processus de frittage et qui comporte les unités de chauffage appropriées à cet effet ;
    c) une zone de refroidissement (4), dans laquelle les pièces frittées, à la sortie du processus de frittage, sont refroidies de manière contrôlée ;
    d) un système de transport (T2-T4, T7-T9), par lequel les pièces sont acheminées en continu à travers les différentes zones ;
    e) des sas (7), par lesquels les atmosphères des différentes zones restent séparées et à travers lesquels doivent passer les pièces en quittant une zone déterminée, la zone de frittage étant reliée à une source de gaz inerte,
       caractérisé en ce que
    f) l'atmosphère dans la zone de frittage (2) est formée par un gaz inerte, dont la teneur en oxygène correspond à un point de rosée de -40°C maximum ;
    g) la zone de frittage (2) comporte au moins une unité de chauffage pour les pièces à fritter (23), qui est formée par des surfaces d'échange thermique (28) indirectement chauffées, une soufflante (31) et une unité de guidage d'air (25), de manière à pouvoir réguler un flux de gaz inerte mis en circulation autour des pièces à fritter (23).
  4. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le gaz inerte est de l'azote.
  5. Dispositif selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que le gaz inerte possède une température de 560 à 620°C.
  6. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la zone de frittage (2) est formée par plusieurs parties, qui sont séparées par des cloisons (35) et qui comportent chacune une unité de chauffage avec des surfaces d'échange thermique (28), une soufflante (31) et une unité de guidage d'air (25).
  7. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la température du gaz inerte est différente dans les parties successives, dans le sens de transport, de la zone de frittage (2).
  8. Dispositif selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que la circulation autour des pièces à fritter (23) est différente dans les parties successives, dans le sens de transport, de la zone de frittage (2).
  9. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu une plaque d'injecteurs (34), par l'intermédiaire de laquelle le gaz inerte mis en circulation est dirigé vers les pièces à fritter (23).
  10. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 9, caractérisé en ce que les portes des sas (7), qui sont à proximité de l'entrée et/ou de la sortie de la zone de frittage (2), ne se ferment pas tout à fait hermétiquement et le gaz inerte dans la zone de frittage (2) est mis en surpression.
EP01956435A 2000-06-28 2001-05-12 Procede et dispositif pour le frittage de pieces frittees a base d'aluminium Expired - Lifetime EP1294512B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10030514 2000-06-28
DE2000130514 DE10030514C1 (de) 2000-06-28 2000-06-28 Vorrichtung zum Sintern von aluminiumbasierten Sinterteilen
PCT/EP2001/005443 WO2002000377A1 (fr) 2000-06-28 2001-05-12 Procede et dispositif pour le frittage de pieces frittees a base d'aluminium

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1294512A1 EP1294512A1 (fr) 2003-03-26
EP1294512B1 true EP1294512B1 (fr) 2004-02-11

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EP01956435A Expired - Lifetime EP1294512B1 (fr) 2000-06-28 2001-05-12 Procede et dispositif pour le frittage de pieces frittees a base d'aluminium

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US6821478B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1294512B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE259267T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2001278425A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10066005C2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2214435T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002000377A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10332071B4 (de) * 2003-07-10 2008-10-16 BLÜM, Heinz-Jürgen Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum kombinierten Entbindern und Sintern von Formteilen
DE102005024623B4 (de) * 2005-05-30 2007-08-23 Beru Ag Verfahren zum Herstellen eines keramischen Glühstiftes für eine Glühkerze
CN100432609C (zh) * 2005-11-08 2008-11-12 青岛科技大学 三室式智能周期性可控气氛炉及连续生产纳米材料的方法
DE102007057237A1 (de) 2007-11-26 2009-05-28 Umicore Ag & Co. Kg Tunnelofen für die Temperaturbehandlung von Waren
DE102008013555A1 (de) * 2008-03-11 2009-10-15 Straumann Holding Ag Sinterofen für Dentalpräparate und Verfahren zum Sintern von Dentalpräparaten
CN112050628B (zh) * 2020-09-15 2022-06-24 溆浦易锋精细瓷业有限责任公司 一种利用余热排蜡的窑炉
US20240167767A1 (en) * 2021-03-26 2024-05-23 University Of Maryland, College Park High temperature sintering furnace systems and methods

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6821478B2 (en) 2004-11-23
DE10066005C2 (de) 2003-04-10
WO2002000377A1 (fr) 2002-01-03
AU2001278425A1 (en) 2002-01-08
US20030143098A1 (en) 2003-07-31
EP1294512A1 (fr) 2003-03-26
DE10066005A1 (de) 2002-04-04
ATE259267T1 (de) 2004-02-15
ES2214435T3 (es) 2004-09-16

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