WO2008077944A1 - Verstärkungssystem zur verstärkung eines hohlraumes eines bauelements - Google Patents
Verstärkungssystem zur verstärkung eines hohlraumes eines bauelements Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008077944A1 WO2008077944A1 PCT/EP2007/064464 EP2007064464W WO2008077944A1 WO 2008077944 A1 WO2008077944 A1 WO 2008077944A1 EP 2007064464 W EP2007064464 W EP 2007064464W WO 2008077944 A1 WO2008077944 A1 WO 2008077944A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- adhesive
- component
- reinforcing
- cavity
- carrier element
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D27/00—Connections between superstructure or understructure sub-units
- B62D27/02—Connections between superstructure or understructure sub-units rigid
- B62D27/026—Connections by glue bonding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D29/00—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof
- B62D29/02—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof predominantly of wood
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
- B29C65/52—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive
- B29C65/54—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive between pre-assembled parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
- B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
- B29C66/545—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles one hollow-preform being placed inside the other
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
- B29C66/742—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to metals or their alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D29/00—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof
- B62D29/001—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof characterised by combining metal and synthetic material
- B62D29/002—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof characterised by combining metal and synthetic material a foamable synthetic material or metal being added in situ
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J133/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C09J133/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C09J133/08—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J133/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C09J133/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C09J133/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J163/00—Adhesives based on epoxy resins; Adhesives based on derivatives of epoxy resins
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J175/00—Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J175/04—Polyurethanes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
- B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
- B29C65/483—Reactive adhesives, e.g. chemically curing adhesives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
- B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
- B29C65/483—Reactive adhesives, e.g. chemically curing adhesives
- B29C65/485—Multi-component adhesives, i.e. chemically curing as a result of the mixing of said multi-components
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
- B29C65/4865—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding containing additives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
- B29C65/52—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive
- B29C65/54—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive between pre-assembled parts
- B29C65/542—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive between pre-assembled parts by injection
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/727—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being porous, e.g. foam
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2063/00—Use of EP, i.e. epoxy resins or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2075/00—Use of PU, i.e. polyureas or polyurethanes or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2077/00—Use of PA, i.e. polyamides, e.g. polyesteramides or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/04—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped cellular or porous
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/04—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped cellular or porous
- B29K2105/048—Expandable particles, beads or granules
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2305/00—Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, as reinforcement
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2009/00—Layered products
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/60—Multitubular or multicompartmented articles, e.g. honeycomb
- B29L2031/601—Multi-tubular articles, i.e. composed of a plurality of tubes
- B29L2031/602—Multi-tubular articles, i.e. composed of a plurality of tubes composed of several elementary tubular elements
- B29L2031/603—Multi-tubular articles, i.e. composed of a plurality of tubes composed of several elementary tubular elements one placed inside the other, e.g. dual wall tubes
- B29L2031/605—Multi-tubular articles, i.e. composed of a plurality of tubes composed of several elementary tubular elements one placed inside the other, e.g. dual wall tubes concentrically
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2666/00—Composition of polymers characterized by a further compound in the blend, being organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials, non-macromolecular organic substances, inorganic substances or characterized by their function in the composition
- C08L2666/02—Organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials
- C08L2666/04—Macromolecular compounds according to groups C08L7/00 - C08L49/00, or C08L55/00 - C08L57/00; Derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C08L33/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which oxygen atoms are present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08L33/08—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C08L33/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which oxygen atoms are present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08L33/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
- Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24273—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including aperture
- Y10T428/24322—Composite web or sheet
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24479—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
- Y10T428/2457—Parallel ribs and/or grooves
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24628—Nonplanar uniform thickness material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24744—Longitudinal or transverse tubular cavity or cell
Definitions
- the invention is based on an amplification system for amplifying a
- the invention is also based on a method for reinforcing a cavity of a component according to the preamble of the independent
- components have cavities, in particular to allow lightweight constructions.
- cavities cause a variety of problems.
- it must be sealed to prevent the ingress of moisture and contaminants which can lead to corrosion of the components.
- it is also desirable to substantially increase the voids, and thus the device, but maintain the light weight.
- the invention has for its object to avoid the disadvantages of the prior art in an amplification system of the type mentioned and to provide an improved amplification system.
- the carrier element has channels, that an adhesive is arranged in the cavity between the carrier element and the component, and that the adhesive can be introduced into the cavity between the carrier element and the component by means of the channels.
- the subsequently injected adhesive can be arbitrarily adapted to the desired conditions in the manufacturing process of the component.
- Such a reinforcement system therefore has much better properties than previous systems with foamable materials.
- the desired mechanical properties can be selected specifically, which is only partially possible with foamable materials.
- the properties at high temperatures are much better adjustable with a subsequently injected adhesive.
- the system shown here is ideal for repair solutions, which also have the same properties as the original built-in parts. In the case of an existing carrier part, it is also possible to subsequently introduce adhesive, so that parts which may not hold properly can be re-attached.
- FIG. 1 shows a cross section through a reinforcing element according to the prior art.
- Fig. 2A shows a cross section through an inventive
- Reinforcing element; 2B shows a cross section through a further inventive
- Reinforcing element; 2C shows a cross section through a further inventive
- FIG. 3A is a plan view of a reinforcing element according to the invention
- Fig. 3B is a plan view of the inventive reinforcing element
- Fig. 3A showing the internal channels
- Fig. 4 is a plan view of another inventive
- Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of the adhesive filling process.
- a known reinforcing element 20 is shown. This is arranged in a cavity of a body 21 of a vehicle, this is a pillar of the body. It goes without saying that such a reinforcing element can be arranged in any cavity of the body.
- the reinforcing element 20 comprises a carrier part 22 and a part 23 of a foamable material.
- foamable materials are preferably foamed under the influence of heat.
- a preferred thermally foamable material is e.g. sold under the brand name SikaBaffle® 240, or 250 or 255, and is described in US Patents 5,266,133 and 5,373,027, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
- the thermally expanding material may also have reinforcing properties, such material being e.g. under the
- SikaReinforcer® 941 SikaReinforcer® 941, and is described in US Patent 6,387,470, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
- foamable materials may also be used, these may be provided by external heat sources or internal heat sources, e.g. be activated by an exothermic reaction.
- the reinforcing element 20 is fastened in the cavity of the body, usually by means of a fastening element, but it can also be fastened differently.
- the support member 22 is usually made of polyamide, but can also be made of other materials or material components, in particular of metal.
- the foamable material has a thickness 24 in the unfoamed state and a distance 25 from the body. This distance 25 is necessary to coat the body in the dipping bath and to have a sufficient tolerance for the installation of the reinforcing member 20.
- the foamed material fills the entire cavity and then has a thickness 26 which corresponds to the thickness 24 of the unfoamed material plus the distance 25 to the body, the thickness 26 is usually about 6 to 10 mm. This relatively large thickness 26 and the structural foam give the disadvantages of the systems used so far.
- FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C now show the invention
- Each reinforcement element 1 comprises a support part 2.
- the distance 3 between support part 2 and body 21 is much smaller here compared to the distance 26 from FIG. 1.
- the distance 3 can here be reduced to the distance which is necessary to coat the body in the immersion bath to be able to and to have a sufficient tolerance for the installation of the reinforcing member 1, these are usually about 3 to 5 mm. Since channels can be arranged for the coating in the dip bath through the carrier part, the distance 3 can be even further reduced to the tolerance required for the installation, increased by 1 to 2 mm which is required for the binding material, so that the total distance to approximately 2 to 4 mm can be reduced.
- the carrier part 2 is now connected to the body with an adhesive 4.
- This adhesive 4 is subsequently injected after installation of the carrier part 2, for which purpose the carrier part has special internal channels 5, e.g. tubular, or external channels 6, or not shown one
- the subsequently injected adhesive can be adapted to the desired conditions and therefore has much better properties than previous foamable materials.
- the desired mechanical properties can be selected specifically, which is only partially possible with foamable materials.
- the properties at high temperatures are much better adjustable with a subsequently injected adhesive.
- the system shown here is ideal for repair solutions, which also have the same properties as the original built-in parts. In an existing carrier part can also also subsequently Adhesive are introduced so that parts that may not hold properly, can be re-attached.
- the support member may be made of any materials, such as a plastic such as polyurethane foam, which may be reinforced with fibers or spheres, polyamide, etc. or metal such as aluminum, foamed aluminum, steel, etc., or a combination of these materials.
- a plastic such as polyurethane foam
- polyamide such as polyamide
- metal such as aluminum, foamed aluminum, steel, etc., or a combination of these materials.
- the reactive adhesive can be chosen according to the temperatures occurring further in the process so that a sufficiently rapid curing to the desired mechanical properties takes place. Passes through the part, for example, a normal paint drying furnace at temperatures of 165-180 0 C for about 30 minutes, customary structural 1K structural adhesive can be used epoxy. At lower curing temperatures, two-component systems are preferably used.
- adhesives can be selected by the present invention, which correspond exactly to the conditions desired by the manufacturer. If, for example, the manufacturer wants to install the reinforcing parts at room temperature, this is possible without problems.
- the type of adhesive without changing the carrier part can be adapted immediately on site changed production conditions. For example, if the reinforcing member to be installed at higher temperatures, for example, to simplify the manufacturing process, an adhesive is simply used, which cures at the appropriate temperature.
- Table 1 compares typical data of a conventionally used foam to an adhesive to be used according to the invention. These data are just preferred areas and of course they can Adhesives with other properties can be used.
- the adhesives to be used according to the invention may also be filled, for example with reinforcing materials such as fibers.
- the adhesive according to the invention preferably has a volume expansion of 0 to 10%, in particular 0 to 5%.
- a one-component reaction adhesive which can be used for the invention is a storage-stable polymer composition, which comprises at least one polyreactions incoming resin A, at least one, in particular blocked, hardener B, at least one additive D, and optionally further components, in which preferably at least one of the components A or B is present in blocked form.
- the one-component reaction adhesive is a polyurethane composition.
- This is characterized in that it contains as a polyreactions incoming resin A a free or blocked isocyanate groups containing polyurethane polymer.
- polymer refers, on the one hand, to a collective of chemically uniform but different in terms of degree of polymerization, molecular weight and chain length macromolecules, which was prepared by a polyreaction (polymerization, polyaddition, polycondensation).
- Polymer "in this document also derivatives of such a collective of macromolecules from polyreactions, compounds which have been obtained by reactions, such as additions or substitutions, of functional groups on predetermined macromolecules and which may be chemically uniform or chemically nonuniform.
- polymer composition in the present document denotes a homogeneous or heterogeneous mixture of substances which consists of one or more polymers or contains polymers to a substantial extent.
- polyurethane in the present document encompasses all polymers which are prepared by the diisocyanate-polyaddition process, including those polymers which are almost or completely free of urethane groups, such as polyether-polyurethanes, polyester-polyurethanes, polyether polyethers. Polyureas, polyureas, polyester-polyureas, polyisocyanurates, polycarbodiimides, etc.
- the prefix "poly” in substance names such as “polyol”, “polyisocyanate” or “polyamine” indicates in this document that the respective substance formally contains more than one of the functional group occurring in its name per molecule.
- the isocyanate group-containing polyurethane polymer is prepared by reacting at least one polyol with at least one polyisocyanate. This reaction may take place by the polyol and the polyisocyanate by typical processes, for example at temperatures from 50 0 C to 100 0 C, optionally using suitable catalysts, be reacted, the polyisocyanate being metered such that its isocyanate groups Ratio to the hydroxyl groups of the polyol in stoichiometric excess are present.
- the excess of polyisocyanate is chosen so that in the resulting polyurethane polymer after the reaction of all hydroxyl groups of the polyol, for example, a content of free isocyanate groups of 0.1 to 15% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight, based on the total polyurethane polymer remains.
- the polyurethane polymer can be prepared with the concomitant use of plasticizers, wherein the plasticizers used contain no isocyanate-reactive groups.
- polystyrene resin examples include polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, ethylene oxide, 1,2-propylene oxide, 1,2 or 2, 3-Butylene oxide, tetrahydrofuran or mixtures thereof, possibly polymehsiert using a starter molecule having two or more active hydrogen atoms such as water, ammonia or compounds having multiple OH or NH groups such as 1, 2-ethanediol, 1, 2 and 1, 3-propanediol, neopentyl glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, the isomeric dipropylene glycols and tripropylene glycols, the isomeric
- Both polyoxyalkylene polyols having a low degree of unsaturation (measured according to ASTM D-2849-69 and expressed in milliequivalents of unsaturation per gram of polyol (mEq / g)) prepared, for example, can be used.
- Particularly suitable are polyoxyalkylenediols or polyoxyalkylenetholes, especially polyoxypropylenediols or polyoxypropylenetriols.
- polyoxyalkylenediols or polyoxyalkylenetholes having a degree of unsaturation lower than 0.02 meq / g and having a molecular weight in the range of from 1,000 to 30,000 g / mol, and also polyoxypropylene diols and triols having a molecular weight of from 400 to 8,000 g / mol ,
- molecular weight or “molecular weight” is meant in this document always the molecular weight average M n .
- EO-endcapped ethylene oxide-endcapped polyoxypropylene diols or triols
- polyoxypropylene diols or triols the latter being specific polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene polyols obtained, for example, by alkoxylating pure polyoxypropylene polyols with ethylene oxide after completion of the polypropoxylation and thereby having primary hydroxyl groups
- Styrene-acrylonitrile grafted polyether polyols such as those supplied by Bayer under the name Lupranol.
- Polyesterpolyols prepared, for example, from dihydric to trihydric alcohols, for example 1,2-ethanediol, diethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, dipropylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol , Glycerin, 1, 1, 1 -T ⁇ methylolpropan or mixtures of the aforementioned alcohols with organic dicarboxylic acids or their anhydrides or esters such as succinic, glutaric, adipic, suberic, sebacic, dodecanedicarboxylic, maleic, fumaric, phthalic, isophthalic, terephthalic and hexahydrophthalic or mixtures of the aforementioned acids, as well as polyester polyols from lactones such as ⁇ -caprolactone.
- Polycarbonate polyols as obtainable by reacting, for example, the abovementioned alcohols used to form the polyesterpolyols with dialkyl carbonates, diaryl carbonates or phosgene. Polyacrylate and polymethacrylate polyols.
- Polyhydroxy-terminated polybutadiene polyols such as those prepared by the polymerization of 1,3-butadiene and allyl alcohol.
- Polyhydroxy Acrylonithl / polybutadiene copolymers as they can be prepared, for example, from epoxides or aminoalcohols and carboxyl-terminated acrylonitrile / polybutadiene copolymers (Hycar ® under the name CTBN from Hanse Chemie commercially available). These stated polyols have an average molecular weight of from 250 to 30,000 g / mol, in particular from 1,000 to 30,000 g / mol, and an average OH functionality in the range from 1.6 to 3.
- low molecular weight di- or polyhydric alcohols such as 1, 2-ethanediol, 1, 2- and 1, 3-propanediol, neopentyl glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, the isomeric dipropylene glycols and tripropylene glycols, the isomeric butanediols, pen- tandiols , Hexanediols, heptanediols, octanediols, nonanediols, decanediols, undecanolols, 1, 3- and 1, 4-cyclohexanedimethanol, hydrogenated bisphenol A, dimeric fatty alcohols, 1, 1, 1-thmethylolethan, 1, 1, 1-trimethylolpropane, glycehn , Pentaerythrit, sugar alcohols and other higher alcohols, low molecular weight alkoxylation products of the
- the isocyanate group-containing polyurethane polymer is blocked.
- the blocking takes place by reacting the isocyanate group-containing polyurethane polymer with a blocking agent.
- This reaction is preferably carried out by reacting the isocyanate group-containing polyurethane polymer in the stoichiometric ratio, based on the content of isocyanate groups, with the blocking agent and reacting at a temperature of 20 to 120 ° C. until almost no free isocyanate groups are reacted are detectable.
- a catalyst may be included, for example, a tin or a bismuth compound.
- suitable blocking agents are phenols, such as phenol, cresol, xylenol, p-ethylphenol, o-isopropylphenol, p-tert-butylphenol, p-tert-butylphenol.
- Preferred blocking agents are phenols, hydrocarbon resins, alcohols Oximes, nitrogen heterocycles, 1, 3-dicarbonyl compounds, amines and lactams, particularly preferred are methyl ethyl ketoxime, methyl isobutyl ketoxime, pyrazole, 3,5-dimethylpyrazole, 1, 2,4-triazole, benzotriazole, dimethyl malonate, diethyl malonate, diisopropylamine, dicyclohexylamine, N-tert-butyl-N-benzylamine and ⁇ -caprolactam.
- the polyurethane composition contains, as Hardener B, a hardener containing isocyanate-reactive groups and which is in a blocked form, which blockage may be of a chemical or physical nature. Examples of suitable chemically blocked hardeners are via a
- MDA methylenedianiline
- sodium chloride complex compounds of methylenedianiline
- Such complex compounds are commonly described by the gross formula (MDA) 3 -NaCl.
- MDA gross formula
- One suitable type is available as a dispersion in diethylhexyl under the trade name Caytur ® 21 from Crompton Chemical.
- the complex decomposes on heating to 80-160 0 C with increasing rate at higher temperature, whereby methylendianiline is released as an active hardener.
- Examples of physically blocked hardeners are microencapsulated hardener.
- dihydric or polyhydric alcohols such as 1, 2-ethanediol, 1, 2- and 1, 3-propanediol, neopentyl glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, the isomeric dipropylene glycols and tripropylene glycols, the isomeric butanediols, pentanediols , Hexanediols, heptanediols, octanediols, nonanediols, decanediols, undecanediols, 1,3- and 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, hydrogenated bisphenol A, dimeric fatty alcohols, 1,1,1-trimethylolethane, 1,1,1-trimethylolpropane, glycerol, pentaerythritol , Sugar alcohols, low molecular weight
- the aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and aromatic polyamines mentioned are preferred.
- the microencapsulation of these hardeners can be carried out by one of the common methods, for example by spray drying, interfacial polymerization, coacervation, dip or centrifuge method, fluidized bed method, vacuum encapsulation, electrostatic microencapsulation.
- the microcapsules thus obtained have a particle size of 0.1 to 100 micrometers, preferably 0.3 to 50 micrometers.
- the size of the microcapsules is dimensioned so that they open effectively when heated on the one hand, and on the other hand, after curing, optimum homogeneity and thus cohesive strength of the adhesive is obtained. Furthermore, they must not exert any damaging influence on the adhesive properties of the adhesive.
- Suitable materials for the capsule shell are polymers which are insoluble in the hardener to be encapsulated and have a melting point of 40 to 200 ° C.
- suitable polymers are hydrocarbon waxes, polyethylene waxes, wax esters, polyesters, polyamides, polyacrylates, polymethacrylates or mixtures of several such polymers.
- both the isocyanate group-containing polyurethane polymer and the hardener are present in blocked form in the polyurethane composition.
- the one-component reaction adhesive is a polyurethane composition of polyol and a blocked Isocynathärter dispersed therein. This is characterized in that it contains as Polyre forceen incoming resin A, a polyol or a mixture of polyols and contains as an isocyanate hardener B an encapsulated isocyanate.
- the one-component reaction adhesive is an acrylate composition. This is characterized in that it contains as a polyreactions incoming resin A at least one di- or polyfunctional monomer containing acrylic or methacrylic groups and at least one monofunctional monomer containing acrylic or methacrylic groups.
- Suitable di- or polyfunctional monomers containing acrylic or methacrylic groups are acrylates and methacrylates of aliphatic polyether polyurethanes and polyester polyurethanes, polyethers, polyesters, novolaks, dihydric and polyhydric aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and aromatic alcohols, glycols and phenols.
- Examples of monofunctional monomers containing acrylic or methacrylic groups are methyl acrylate and methacrylate, ethyl acrylate and methacrylate, hexyl acrylate and methacrylate, dodecyl acrylate and methacrylate, tetrahydrofuran acrylate and methacrylate, as well as hydroxyl-containing acrylates and methacrylates such as 2- Hydroxyethyl acrylate and methacrylate and 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate and methacrylate.
- the acrylate composition contains a thermal initiator which initiates the polymerization of the acrylate or methacrylate monomers and which is present in blocked form.
- suitable thermal initiators are diacyl peroxides such as benzoyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide, and decanoyl peroxide; Peroxide icarbonates such as dipropyl peroxydicarbonate; Peroxyoxalates such as di-tert-butyl peroxy oxalate; Hyponitites such as di-tert-butyl hyponitrite. Benzoyl peroxide is preferred.
- the blocked thermal initiator, in particular benzoyl peroxide is preferably present in microencapsulated form. The production of microencapsulated organic peroxides is described, for example, in EP 0 730 493 B1.
- the one-component reaction adhesive is an epoxy composition.
- This is characterized in that it contains as Polyre force incoming resin A at least one polyepoxide.
- suitable polyepoxides are diglycidyl or polyglycidyl ethers of polyhydric aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic alcohols, Polyalkylene glycols, phenols such as bisphenol-A or condensation products of phenols with formaldehyde obtained under acidic conditions such as phenol novolacs and cresol novolaks; Polyglycidyl esters of polybasic carboxylic acids; and N-glycidyl derivatives of amines, amides and heterocyclic nitrogen bases.
- the epoxy composition contains a curing agent which contains reactive groups towards epoxides and which is present in blocked form or in crystalline form as a sparingly soluble compound in epoxides.
- hardeners examples include amines such as aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic, preferably primary or secondary, amines and polyamines; Adducts and polyalkoxylation products of polyamines; amine-terminated polyalkylene glycols; Adducts of monophenols or polyphenols with
- polyamides Polyamides, especially those derived from aliphatic polyamines and dimehs striv or trimehs believing fatty acids; polysulfides; Aniline formaldehyde; polyhydric phenols; polybasic carboxylic acids and their anhydrides.
- Preferred hardeners are so-called latent hardness such as dicyandiamides, urones, prepared by blocking isocyanates with amines, diurons, imidazoles and combinations of these compounds with dicyandiamides.
- the one-component reaction adhesive further contains at least one additive D.
- Suitable additives include, for example, the following auxiliaries and additives:
- Plasticizers for example esters of organic carboxylic acids or their anhydrides, phthalates, for example dioctyl phthalate or diisodecyl phthalate, adipates, for example dioctyl adipate, sebacates, organic phosphoric and sulfonic acid esters, polybutenes and other compounds which do not react with isocyanates; Reactive diluents and crosslinkers, for example polyhydric alcohols, polyamines, polyaldimines, polyketimines or aliphatic isocyanates, for example 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, 2,2,4- and 2,4,4-thmethyl-1, 6- hexamethylene diisocyanate, 1, 12-dodecamethylene diisocyanate, cyclohexane-1, 3- and 1, 4-diisocyanate and any mixtures of these isomers, 1 -lsocyanato- SS ⁇ -thmethyl- ⁇ -isocyanatomethyl-cycl
- Sulfonic acids such as p-toluenesulfonic acid or 4-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, or other organic or inorganic acids, or mixtures of the aforementioned acids;
- Catalysts for the reaction of epoxide groups such as salicylic acid, dicyandiamide, tertiary amines or quaternary ammonium compounds, Mannich bases, imidazoles and boron trifluoride or its complexes with organic compounds such as ethers and amines, optionally in blocked form
- Catalysts for accelerating the Acrylatpolymehsation for example tertiary amines such as N, N-dimethylaniline, N, N-dimethyl-p-toluidine, N, N-dimethylbenzylamine and N-alkylmorpholine, thioureas such as 1, 3-diethylthiourea, or complexes or salts of nickel ,
- Such one-component adhesives are easy to use. Due to the blocking of resin and / or hardener, they are extremely storage-stable. In the preferred embodiments, they are not susceptible to moisture due to the blocking of resin A and / or hardener B. They have good mechanical strengths, these properties being adjustable over a wide range.
- reaction adhesive consists of a resin and a hardener.
- viscosity ⁇ 7000 nnPa-s is necessary.
- the viscosity can be adjusted by increasing the temperature. This increase in temperature can be effected, for example, by introduction of microwaves or induction, the energy absorption can be improved by absorbing particles in the adhesive formulation, such as electrically conductive particles or nano- or microscale ferrites, such as it is also described above in the examples of the one-component systems.
- the storage-stable reaction adhesives present as separate components can be based, for example, on:
- epoxy resin any epoxy resins can be used;
- the epoxy resin preferably contains at least 2 epoxide groups in the molecule.
- Suitable epoxy resins are in particular those having more than one epoxide group, ⁇ -methylglycidyl group or 2,3-epoxycyclopentyl group, which are bonded to a heteroatom, such as sulfur, but preferably to oxygen or nitrogen, in particular bis (2,3-epoxycyclopentyl) ethers, diglycidyl or polyglycidyl ethers of polyhydric aliphatic or aromatic alcohols such as butane-1, 4-diol, or polyalkylene glycols such as polypropylene glycol; Diglycidyl or polyglycidyl ethers of cycloaliphatic polyols such as 2,2-bis (4-hydroxycyclohexyl) propane; Diglycidyl or polyglycidyl ethers of polyhydric phenols such as resorcinol, bis (p
- polyglycidyl esters are phthalic acid of polyhydric carboxylic acids such as phthalic acid, terephthalic acid, tetrahydro- and hexahydrophthalic acid, N-glycidyl derivatives of amines, amides and heterocyclic nitrogen bases such as N, N-diglycidyl aniline, N 1 N- diglycidyltoluidine, N, N, O- Thglycidyl p-aminophenol, N, N, N ', N'-tetraglycidyl bis (p-aminophenyl) methane and triglycidyl isocyanurate.
- polyhydric carboxylic acids such as phthalic acid, terephthalic acid, tetrahydro- and hexahydrophthalic acid
- N-glycidyl derivatives of amines, amides and heterocyclic nitrogen bases such as N, N-diglycidyl aniline, N 1 N- dig
- Glycidylated novolacs, hydantoins, aminophenols, bisphenols or aromatic diamines are a preferred group of epoxy resins.
- Preferred compositions also contain, as a resin, a glycidylated cresol novolak, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether or a bisphenol A diglycidyl ether pre-extended with, for example, bisphenol A, dimer fatty acids or a mixture thereof, and mixtures thereof with aliphatic diglycidyl ethers.
- Possible epoxy hardeners are acidic or basic compounds.
- suitable hardeners are amines such as aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic, preferably primary or secondary, amines such as ethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, trimethylhexamethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, N, N-dimethyl-propylene-1,3-diamine, N, N-diethylpropylene-1,3-diamine, 2,2-bis (4'-aminocyclohexyl) propane, 3,5,5-trimethyl-3- (aminomethyl) cyclohexylamine (isophorone diamine), m-phenylenediamine, p Phenylenediamine, bis (4-aminophenyl) methane, bis (4-aminophenyl) sulfone and m-xylylenediamine; Adducts of polyal
- the composition may also contain accelerators or curing catalysts.
- accelerators or curing catalysts examples are: tertiary amines or quaternary ammonium compounds, Mannich bases such as 2,4,6-tris (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol, benzyldimethylamine, 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, monophenols or polyphenols such as phenol and bisphenol-A, salicylic acid, dicyandiamide , Boron trifluoride and its complexes with organic compounds such as ethers and amines, eg BF 3 monoethylamine and BF 3 acetoacetanilide, phosphoric acid and triphenylphosphine.
- Tertiary amines, Mannich bases and imidazoles are preferred.
- the resin may contain toughening agents such as carboxyl-terminated polybutadienes such as carboxyl-terminated polybutadiene-acrylonitrile copolymers, reactive liquid rubbers prepared by reacting polyether-diisocyanates with diphenols or hydroxy-epoxy compounds or core-shell particles, and thixotropic agents, e.g. based on a urea derivative in a non-diffusing carrier material.
- this thixotropic agent contains a blocked one
- Suitable systems are, for example: Polyoxyalkylene polyols, also called polyether polyols, which are the polymerization product of ethylene oxide, 1,2-propylene oxide, 1,2- or 2,3-butylene oxide, tetrahydrofuran or mixtures thereof, optionally polymerized with the aid of a starter molecule having two or three active Hs -Atomen such as water or compounds with two or three OH groups.
- Polyoxyalkylene polyols also called polyether polyols, which are the polymerization product of ethylene oxide, 1,2-propylene oxide, 1,2- or 2,3-butylene oxide, tetrahydrofuran or mixtures thereof, optionally polymerized with the aid of a starter molecule having two or three active Hs -Atomen such as water or compounds with two or three OH groups.
- Both polyoxyalkylene polyols having a low degree of unsaturation (measured according to ASTM D-2849-69 and expressed in milliequivalents of unsaturation per gram of polyol (mEq / g)) prepared, for example, by means of so-called double metal cyanide complex catalysts (DMC catalysts) can be used ), as well as polyoxyalkylene polyols having a higher degree of unsaturation, prepared for example with the aid of anionic catalysts such as NaOH, KOH or alkali metal alkoxides.
- DMC catalysts double metal cyanide complex catalysts
- polyoxypropylene diols and triols having a degree of unsaturation lower than 0.02 meq / g and having a molecular weight in the range of 1000-30,000 g / mol
- polyoxybutylene diols and triols polyoxypropylene diols and triols having a molecular weight of 400-8 00O g / mol
- so-called "ethylene oxide-endcapped" polyoxypropylene diols or triols which are special polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene polyols obtained, for example, by reacting pure polyoxypropylene polyols with ethylene oxide alkoxy polyols after completion of the polypropoxylation. and thereby have primary hydroxyl groups.
- Polyhydroxy-terminated polybutadiene polyols such as those prepared by the polymerization of 1,3-butadiene and allyl alcohol; Styrene-acrylonitrile grafted polyether polyols, such as those supplied by Bayer under the name Lupranol;
- Polyhydroxy Acrylonithl / polybutadiene copolymers as they can be made from amino alcohols and epoxides or, for example, carboxyl-terminated acrylonitrile / polybutadiene copolymers (Hycar ® under the name CTBN from Hanse Chemie commercially available);
- Polyesterpolyols prepared, for example, from dihydric to trihydric alcohols, for example 1,2-ethanediol, diethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, dipropylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, glycerol, 1,1,1-trimethylolpropane or mixtures of the abovementioned alcohols with organic dicarboxylic acids or their anhydrides or esters such as succinic, glutaric, adipic, suberic, sebacic, dodecanedicarboxylic, maleic, fumaric, phthalic, isophthalic, terephthalic and Hexahydrophthalic acid or mixtures of the aforementioned acids, as well as polyester polyols from lactones such as ⁇ -caprolactone;
- Polycarbonate polyols as obtainable by reacting, for example, the abovementioned alcohols used to form the polyesterpolyols with dialkyl carbonates, diaryl carbonates or phosgene.
- the isocyanate-reactive polymers di- or higher functional polyols having OH equivalent weights of 600 to 6000 g / OH equivalent, in particular from 600 to 4000 g / OH equivalent, preferably 700 to 2200 g / OH equivalent.
- the polyols selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycols, polyethylene glycol-polypropylene glycol block copolymers, polybutylene glycols, hydroxyl-terminated polybutadienes, hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene-co-Acrylnithlen, hydroxyl-terminated synthetic rubbers and mixtures of these polyols.
- polypropylene ether polybutylene ethers
- polybutadienes can polybutadiene / Acrylnithle (such as Hycar ® CTBN from Hanse Chemie), as well as other amine-terminated synthetic rubbers or mixtures of the mentioned components can be used.
- isocyanate-reactive polymers may also be chain-extended, as can be prepared according to the skilled person in a known manner from the reaction of polyamines, polyols and polyisocyanates, in particular diamines, diols and diisocyanates.
- isocyanate-reactive polymers are preferred polyols having molecular weights between 600 and 6000 g / mol, selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycols, polyethylene glycol Polypropylene glycol block copolymers, polybutylene glycols, hydroxyl-terminated polybutadienes, hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene-acrylonitrile copolymers and mixtures thereof.
- isocyanate-reactive polymers are ⁇ , ⁇ -polyalkylene glycols having C 2 -C 6 -alkylene groups or having mixed C 2 -C 6 -alkylene groups which are terminated with amino, thiol or, preferably, hydroxyl groups.
- Particularly preferred are polypropylene glycol and polybutylene glycol.
- Suitable polyisocyanates are diisocyanates, triisocyanates or tetraisocyanates, in particular di- or triisocyanates. Preference is given to diisocyanates.
- Suitable diisocyanates are aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic diisocyanates, especially commercial products such as methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), toluene diisocyanate (TDI), tolidine diisocyanate (TODI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), thmethylhexamethylene diisocyanate (TMDI), 2.5 or 2,6-bis (isocyanatomethyl) bicyclo [2.2.1] heptane, 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate (NDI), di-cyclohexylmethyl diisocyanate (Hi 2 MDI), p-phenylene diisocyanate (
- Suitable triisocyanates are in particular trimers or biurets of aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic diisocyanates, in particular the isocyanurates and biurets of the diisocyanates described in the preceding paragraph.
- Suitable systems are described, for example, in the application WO 02/070620 A1 and in the literature cited therein. They consist of methacrylic acid esters such as methyl methacrylate and tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate and aliphatic polyurethane acrylates, with acrylic acid reacted elastomers such as polybutadiene-acrylniril copolymers (trade name HYCAR ® VTBNX) or core-shell polymers.
- HYCAR ® VTBNX polybutadiene-acrylniril copolymers
- Other suitable systems consisting essentially of mixtures of methacrylates with elastomers are described, for example, in US Pat. Nos.
- Particularly suitable initiators are organic peroxides, in particular benzoyl peroxide in combination with catalysts such as tertiary amines and / or complexes or salts of transition metals.
- catalysts such as tertiary amines and / or complexes or salts of transition metals.
- tertiary amines are N, N-dimethylbenzylamine and N-alkylmorpholine.
- Examples of complexes or salts of transition metals are complexes or salts of nickel, cobalt and copper.
- a carrier part 2 is arranged in a column 21 of a body.
- the support member has channels 5, which can be filled via a filling opening 7 with adhesive 4.
- the channels 5 are open via openings 8 on the surface of the support member to the outside against the body, so that in these areas of the adhesive 4 exits the support member 2.
- the adhesive fills the cavity 16 between the carrier part and the body in these areas and thus connects the carrier part with the body.
- the adhesive is shown only in the initial phase at the exit from the openings 8, more adhesive is introduced, the adhesive combines to form a homogeneous surface.
- a seal 10 can be arranged in the end region of the carrier part 2.
- This seal may be the support member itself by being specifically formed in this region so that there is virtually no clearance to the body, a plastic seal commonly used for sealing such as an elastic material, a strip of foamable plastic Materials, etc. are used.
- a plastic seal commonly used for sealing such as an elastic material, a strip of foamable plastic Materials, etc. are used.
- adhesives with a low viscosity can be used for bonding the carrier part in the body.
- foamable materials those described in Figure 1 can be used.
- FIG. 4 shows a further carrier part 2 according to the invention.
- the carrier part has channels 6 which are arranged on or in the region of the surface of the carrier part. These may have different distances to the body.
- adhesive 4 Via a filling opening 9, which is arranged here in the body in the region of the channels of the carrier part 2, adhesive 4 can be filled into the cavity 16 between the body and the carrier part. This is distributed in the region of the channels 6 and in the areas which are spaced from the body.
- a seal 11 can also be arranged here.
- This seal may be the support member itself by being specifically shaped in this region so that there is virtually no clearance to the body, a plastic seal commonly used for sealing, such as an elastic material, a strip of foamable material , a putty-like material, etc. are used.
- putty-like materials materials as previously described for the reaction adhesive may be used, but also those which do not cure.
- the putty material is preferably made on the basis of polyurethane, epoxy, epoxy-polyurethane hybrid, synthetic rubber, PVC, etc., and formulated to have good adhesion to plastic surfaces as well as metal surfaces, especially on steel, aluminum surfaces, which can also be surface-treated.
- the putty-like material has good adhesion to oiled steel to prevent corrosion in the area between the steel and the seal.
- an adhesive as described above for the reaction adhesive is used as the putty-like material.
- the material can have a low expansion capability of, for example, 10-100%, preferably 10-50%, in order to guarantee correct compression of the strand and sealing. It is also possible to use combinations of previously described foamable materials and putty-like materials.
- the material can be applied by hand or automatically by means of a robot as a continuous strand.
- the strand is applied during assembly of the body on the support member, just before the cavity is closed and will and the parts are welded.
- the putty-like material can also be applied to the body, ie, for example, on the steel sheet and then only the support member can be used. When assembling the body parts of the strand between support member and body is pressed and so produced the seal. The putty-like material can then cure in the following process steps as described below.
- the seal is also achieved without hardening of the putty-like material, so that the adhesive can also be introduced into the cavity between the body and the carrier part before the coating of the body, and the adhesive is cured in the baking process for the coating.
- the kittförmige material preferably has a low to medium viscosity of from 100 - to facilitate 60 0 C to the processing and to ensure the correct compression on assembly of the body and of the carrier part - 1 '500 Pas at a temperature of 40th
- the viscosity should preferably be medium to high and in a range of 500 - 5'OOO Pas. This is to achieve a correct seal and to ensure that injected adhesive does not escape through the seal or that the adhesive is not washed out when coating the bodywork.
- the putty-like material should retain its properties.
- foamable materials those described in Figure 1 can be used. Shown in the figure is a foamable material as a seal 11. This foams in the baking process Coating the body and seals the defined by the channels 6 interior between the carrier part and the body. As a result, adhesives with a low viscosity can be used for bonding the carrier part in the body.
- an outlet opening 12 can be arranged in the body. This helps to easily determine when enough adhesive has been introduced into the gap by observing when glue exits from the opening 12. This opening 12 is therefore arranged in the farthest area, which is last filled with adhesive.
- In the support member 2 and cavities 13 or feedthroughs, etc. can be arranged. These areas are also sealed by means of the seal 11, so that no adhesive can escape in these areas. Also, certain areas of the support member may be provided with a seal so that no adhesive is present in these areas. As a result, areas can be generated in which there is no connection between the carrier part and the body, so that there is no reinforcement.
- the adhesive filling process is shown schematically.
- the adhesive is introduced from an adhesive container 14 by means of a pump 15 and the filling opening 9 into the intermediate space 16 between the carrier part and the body.
- the method for installing the reinforcing element typically proceeds as follows.
- the carrier part is delivered to the place of manufacture of the body.
- the support member is inserted into the cavity to be strengthened or inserted, either by hand or by means of a robot.
- the support member is fixed in the cavity, this can be done arbitrarily, for example by means attached to the support member holding elements,
- the cavity is closed at best and the body welded or glued or both.
- the body goes into a dip and is coated. After that takes place Baking process for these coatings, possibly arranged on the support member foamable seals foams in this process step.
- the adhesive is introduced into the cavity between the body and the carrier part. This takes place, for example, via an opening 9 in the bodywork, directly via an opening 7, possibly via a tube inserted in the body which is connected to the opening 7.
- the correct filling with adhesive is controlled via an outlet opening 12, and / or via the filling pressure, and / or via the filling amount.
- the adhesive flow can be adjusted so that locally more adhesive and thus a better reinforcement takes place, depending on where necessary.
- the adhesive can also be introduced before the coating of the body.
- the adhesion between the carrier part and the body can be improved, since then it is not glued to the coating, but directly to the body.
- the support member must then additionally have drainage channels, so that in the coating process, the coating material can flow through the support member. These drainage channels may be independent of the channels for introducing the adhesive.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
- Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/448,494 US9149985B2 (en) | 2006-12-22 | 2007-12-21 | Reinforcing system for reinforcing a cavity of a structural element |
CN2007800507828A CN101605689B (zh) | 2006-12-22 | 2007-12-21 | 用于增强结构元件空腔的增强体系 |
AU2007337982A AU2007337982A1 (en) | 2006-12-22 | 2007-12-21 | Reinforcing system for reinforcing a cavity of a structural element |
ES07858075T ES2638171T5 (es) | 2006-12-22 | 2007-12-21 | Sistema de refuerzo para el refuerzo de un espacio hueco de un elemento de construcción |
BRPI0720842A BRPI0720842B1 (pt) | 2006-12-22 | 2007-12-21 | sistema de reforço e método para o reforço de uma cavidade de um elemento estrutural |
JP2009542099A JP5032587B2 (ja) | 2006-12-22 | 2007-12-21 | 構造部材の空洞を強化するための強化システム |
EP07858075.0A EP2117909B2 (de) | 2006-12-22 | 2007-12-21 | Verstärkungssystem zur verstärkung eines hohlraumes eines bauelements |
US14/744,454 US10427722B2 (en) | 2006-12-22 | 2015-06-19 | Reinforcing system for reinforcing a cavity of a structural element |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP06127083.1 | 2006-12-22 | ||
EP06127083A EP1946995A1 (de) | 2006-12-22 | 2006-12-22 | Verstärkungssystem zur Verstärkung eines Hohlraumes eines Bauelements |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/448,494 A-371-Of-International US9149985B2 (en) | 2006-12-22 | 2007-12-21 | Reinforcing system for reinforcing a cavity of a structural element |
US14/744,454 Continuation US10427722B2 (en) | 2006-12-22 | 2015-06-19 | Reinforcing system for reinforcing a cavity of a structural element |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2008077944A1 true WO2008077944A1 (de) | 2008-07-03 |
Family
ID=37908149
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2007/064464 WO2008077944A1 (de) | 2006-12-22 | 2007-12-21 | Verstärkungssystem zur verstärkung eines hohlraumes eines bauelements |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US9149985B2 (de) |
EP (3) | EP1946995A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP5032587B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR20090096634A (de) |
CN (1) | CN101605689B (de) |
AU (1) | AU2007337982A1 (de) |
BR (1) | BRPI0720842B1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2638171T5 (de) |
RU (1) | RU2437795C2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2008077944A1 (de) |
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2007
- 2007-12-21 JP JP2009542099A patent/JP5032587B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-12-21 BR BRPI0720842A patent/BRPI0720842B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-12-21 RU RU2009128183/11A patent/RU2437795C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-12-21 KR KR1020097015301A patent/KR20090096634A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2007-12-21 ES ES07858075T patent/ES2638171T5/es active Active
- 2007-12-21 EP EP17172568.2A patent/EP3246231A1/de active Pending
- 2007-12-21 CN CN2007800507828A patent/CN101605689B/zh active Active
- 2007-12-21 WO PCT/EP2007/064464 patent/WO2008077944A1/de active Application Filing
- 2007-12-21 AU AU2007337982A patent/AU2007337982A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-12-21 EP EP07858075.0A patent/EP2117909B2/de active Active
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KR20110050692A (ko) * | 2008-09-01 | 2011-05-16 | 시카 테크놀러지 아게 | 접착 비드 또는 플롯을 이용한 접합 |
JP2012501363A (ja) * | 2008-09-01 | 2012-01-19 | シーカ・テクノロジー・アーゲー | 接着剤ビーズまたはプロットでの接合 |
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KR101704806B1 (ko) * | 2008-09-01 | 2017-02-08 | 시카 테크놀러지 아게 | 접착 비드 또는 플롯을 이용한 접합 |
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EP3466800A1 (de) | 2017-10-06 | 2019-04-10 | Sika Technology Ag | Verstärkungsvorrichtung zur verstärkung eines strukturelementes in einem kraftfahrzeug |
US10730563B2 (en) | 2017-10-06 | 2020-08-04 | Sika Technology Ag | Reinforcing device for reinforcing a structural element in a motor vehicle |
EP3486147B1 (de) | 2017-11-15 | 2021-01-13 | Sika Technology Ag | Vorrichtung zur verstärkung eines strukturelementes |
EP3486145B1 (de) | 2017-11-15 | 2022-01-19 | Sika Technology Ag | System eines verstärkten strukturelementes |
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US20240051262A1 (en) * | 2022-08-09 | 2024-02-15 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Inflatables-Based Process for Creating Multi-Layer Internal Reinforcements |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3246231A1 (de) | 2017-11-22 |
RU2437795C2 (ru) | 2011-12-27 |
JP5032587B2 (ja) | 2012-09-26 |
ES2638171T5 (es) | 2020-11-10 |
KR20090096634A (ko) | 2009-09-11 |
JP2010513129A (ja) | 2010-04-30 |
US20150284034A1 (en) | 2015-10-08 |
EP2117909B1 (de) | 2017-07-05 |
EP2117909A1 (de) | 2009-11-18 |
AU2007337982A1 (en) | 2008-07-03 |
EP2117909B2 (de) | 2020-04-01 |
EP1946995A1 (de) | 2008-07-23 |
US9149985B2 (en) | 2015-10-06 |
US10427722B2 (en) | 2019-10-01 |
CN101605689B (zh) | 2012-11-28 |
RU2009128183A (ru) | 2011-01-27 |
BRPI0720842B1 (pt) | 2019-09-17 |
US20100092733A1 (en) | 2010-04-15 |
BRPI0720842A2 (pt) | 2014-03-04 |
CN101605689A (zh) | 2009-12-16 |
ES2638171T3 (es) | 2017-10-19 |
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