WO2007117104A1

WO2007117104A1 - Compressed bed soil for sheet-type raising riceseeding

Info

Publication number: WO2007117104A1
Application number: PCT/KR2007/001716
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jong-O Kim
Original assignee: Jong-O Kim
Priority date: 2006-04-10
Filing date: 2007-04-09
Publication date: 2007-10-18
Also published as: KR100612920B1

Abstract

A compressed sheet type bed soil for a rice plant growth is disclosed, in which a bed soil is made by mixing a main material such as an organic substance such as cocopeat, peatmoss, vermiculite, and zeolite and a loess along with a sub-material of a fertilizer and a plant growth control agent at a certain ratio and is compressed with a high pressure. The bed soil is expanded when water is absorbed. Since the bed soil for a rice plant growth is light enough for easily handing. With no microorganism occurrence, there is not nutrition competition with rice plants. Ventilation, drainage and fertilizer keeping capacity are excellent.

Description

Title: COMPRESSED BED SOIL FOR SHEET-TYPE

RAISING RICESEEDING

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a compressed sheet type bed soil for a

rice plant growth, and in particular to a compressed sheet type bed soil for a

rice plant growth in which a bed soil is made by mixing a main material such as

an organic substance such as cocopeat, peatmoss, vermiculite, and zeolite and

a loess along with a sub-material of a fertilizer and a plant growth control agent

at a certain ratio and is compressed with a high pressure. The bed soil is

expanded when water is absorbed.

Background Art

A mat type bed soil used for a rice plant growth is conventionally used,

in which mountain soil collected near a farm house or a mountain or a zeolite,

diatomite, vermiculite, cocopeat is adapted as a main material. A light bed soil

powder, heavy bed soul or pump, cocopeat, peatmoss, vermiculite are mixed

with water and are molded under a vacuum environment for thereby

manufacturing a mat type bed soil.

Since mountain soil and heavy bed soil(Figure 4) are heavy, it is hard to

transfer or handle for thereby increasing much effort and cost. In case of mountain soil, a disinfections work and a fertilizer mixing work are further

needed. In case of light bed soil, since it is lighter than mountain soil and heavy

bed soil, it is easy to handle, but the volume of the same is much, a more

workspace is needed, and transportation is not easy.

As a mat type or a sheet type bed soil, a color paper bed soil for a mat

type rice plant growth for mixing pump, rice plant and water and molding the

same is disclosed in Korean patent registration number 10-0358629, and a raw

rice hull bed soil plate for a rice plant growth made by mixing pulp, rice hull and

water is disclosed in Korean patent registration number 10-0360300, and a

color sawdust bed soil for a rice plant growth is disclosed in Korean patent

registration number 10-0358690. In addition, a mat type bed soil made by

agitating and mixing pulp, peatmoss and coconut peat with water is disclosed in

Korean paten registration number 10-0380531. A seedbed mat for growth made

by mixing rice hull, sawdust, leaves, peatmoss, and pulp and pulping the same

and molding under a vacuum environment is disclosed in Korean patent

registration number 10-04466208.

However, the above mat bed soil for growth has advantageous in its

management and weight as compared to a mountain soil, powder type heavy

bed soil and light bed soil(Figure 4A), but when a rice seed is sprayed in a mat

bed soil(Figure 4C), the seeds may be sprayed out of the growth box for

thereby increasing the loss of seeds or may be focused at a certain portion.

After seeding the seeds, the mat remains intensive, so that a ventilation and drainage are not good. Microorganism may occur in the used pulp, so that a

desired growth is not obtained owing to a co-growth with the microorganism. In

addition, a cation exchange capacity(CEC) is low owing to the characteristic of

mat bed soil, the amount of nutrition is less, so that a desired nutrition is not

obtained for transfer or a fertilizer is further needed. Waste water is generated

as a mixing an agitation work is performed with water during a mat bed soil

manufacture process.

Therefore, the above various mat type bed soils improve the problems

of conventional bed soil by a little bit, it is impossible to overcome the problems

such as a poor rice growth due to microorganism, a rice seed growth stability

down under a low temperature and a temperature change, a poor growth due to

a low fertilizer component, and a waste water generation during a manufacture.

So, a new method is urgently needed due to the above problems,

Disclosure of Invention

Accordingly, it is an object to provide a compressed sheet type bed soil

for a rice plant growth in which an ordinary farmer can seed using a rice seed

growth standard technology provided by Korean agriculture promotion institute,

and water is stored in a rice plant growth box, and a rice seed is sprayed and

recovered. A light and stable rice plant growth is obtained.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a compressed

sheet type bed soil for a rice plant in which when growing a rice plant, a ventilation and drainage are good, and a good fertilizer keeping capacity is

obtained, and the growth of a rice plant is excellent, and there is not the growth

of microorganism which is harmful to the growth of a rice plant.

It is further another object of the present invention to provide a

compressed sheet type bed soil for a rice plant in which a rice growth stability

with respect to a worse environment such as a low temperature and

temperature change is excellent.

It is still further another object of the present invention to provide a

compressed sheet type bed soil for a rice plant in which an agricultural work is

easy.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The present invention will become better understood with reference to the accompanying drawings which are given only by way of illustration and thus are not limitative of the present invention, wherein;

Figure 1A is a view illustrating a compressed sheet type bed soil for a

rice plant growth before water is supplied according to the present invention;

Figure 1B is a view illustrating a compressed sheet type bed soil for a

rice plant growth after water is supplied according to the present invention;

Figure 2 is a rice plant seed box which stores a bed soil according to

the present invention;

Figure 3 is a view illustrating a compressed sheet type bed soil for a rice plant growth in a rice plant growth box according to the present invention;

and

Figures 4A through 4C are views illustrating light bed soil, heavy bed

soil and mat type bed soil of comparison samples in a compressed sheet type

bed soil for a rice plant growth according to the present invention.

Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

The present invention relates to a compressed sheet type bed soil for a

rice plant growth, and in particular to a compressed sheet type bed soil for a

rice plant growth in which a bed soil is made by mixing a main material such as

an organic substance such as cocopeat, peatmoss, vermiculite, and zeolite and

at a certain ratio and is compressed with a high pressure. The bed soil is

expanded when water is absorbed.

A compressed sheet type bed soil for a rise plant growth characterized in

that at least one of 60~85weight% of cocopeat, 5~20weight% of peatmoss,

5~20weight% of swelled rice hull, 5weight% of vermiculite, 5weight% of zeolite,

and 5weight% of loess is selected and mixed for thereby manufacturing a basic

bed soil, and a fertilizer and a plant growth adjusting agent is added thereto,

and the resultant mixture is pressurized and molded with 111.1~555.5kg/cm² using a sheet shaped bed soil manufacturing mold, and moisture is supplied for

0.5 through 1.3 seconds needed for moisture absorption, so that the volume of

the same is expanded three times.

The fertilizer consists of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium at a

ratio of 1 : 1 : 1 , and is added to each box by 1g.

The plant growth adjusting agent is selected among gibberellic acid(GA),

abscisic acid(ABA), auxin, cytokines, and microorganism agent which produces

growth adjusting agent.

The present invention may be compressed in a size enough to be stored

in a rice plant seed growth box made of a plastic resin, so that a farming work is

easy. When water is supplied, it expands for thereby providing an excellent

ventilation and drainage capacity. Fertilizer component keeping capacity is

enhanced, so that it is possible to properly supply nutrition needed for the

growth of rice plant.

The compressed sheet type bed soil for a rice plant growth according to

the present invention has a chemically excellent function for a rice plant growth.

An ordinary farmer can easily handle, and a stability is enhanced, so that a rice

plant seeding and growing work is easy as compared to a conventional bed soil.

Without a pulp component which is a carbon food for microorganism, a floatable

microorganism does not grow. Since wastewater is not produced during a

manufacture, the present invention is environment-friendly, and the weight before the supply of water is light, and when water is supplied, it expands 2

through 4 times with respect to the volume after compression in 0.5 through 1.3

seconds. In the present invention, an automatic seeding machine can be used

for a rice plant. The thickness of the bed soil is 0.4~1.0cm before water supply,

and after water supply, it expands with the thickness of 1.2~2.0cm, and the

strength of the compressed sheet type bed soil for a rice plant growth is

70~90N/mm², so that there is not any damaged during the distribution.

The composition of the compressed sheet type bed soil for a rice plant

growth according to the present invention includes cocopeat, peatmoss, zeolite,

vermiculite, loess, and fertilizer which are mixed at a certain ratio. With the

mixing ratio of the present invention, it is possible to obtain the best

compression force and expansion force with respect to water. The area is wide,

and the thickness is thin based on the rice plant seeding box, so that it is

possible to provide a seeding condition most proper to the growth of rice plant.

The cocopeat which is a main material composition of the base part of

the present invention is a by-product left when palm oil and fiber are removed

from the coconut fruit used for bed soil and artificial growth soil and has a lot of

lignin and cellulose, so that it has an excellent compression and expansion

capacity. When the amount of moisture is within 10%, the performance is best.

The cocopeat can be easily obtained from India, Indonesia, the Philippine, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, etc. at a relatively low cost. The materials are environment-

friendly.

The peatmoss has a good water retaining capacity, and cation exchange

capacity is high, so that it has a good fertilizer keeping capacity. Water moss

sediment stably for the decomposition has a low acid degree, so that it can be

used for an acid adjusting agent. It can be obtained from Canada, North

European, Russia, etc.

The vermiculite may be manufactured by heating and expanding mica

and the like at 800-10OfJ⁰C and has an excellent water retaining capacity,

ventilation and drainage capacity, so that it is generally used for a farming. In

particular, it is generally used for a gardening plant seeding work. The viscosity

of 0.2 through 0.4 is generally used.

The zeolite and loess contain a clay component. When they are heated

and compressed, they may act as an adhesive for fixing other organic

components. When a rice seed is grown, they act as a support member and

provide a small amount of elements, so that the above zeolite and loess are

generally used for a gardening work.

In the present invention, the fertilizer used for supplying nutrition to rice

plants is formed of a water soluble powder or a non-water soluble powder. It

consists of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium of 1:1 :1 , and the component amount per box is 1g. A necessary amount of the same is provided until the

transfer of rice plant for thereby obtaining a needed nutrition for the growth of

the rice plants. The acid degree adjusting agent is a peatmoss having a low acid

degree which is environment-friendly, or is a sulphuric acid or nitric acid. The

plant growth adjusting agent is gibberellic acid(GA), abscisic acid(ABA), auxin,

cytokines, and microorganism agent which produces growth adjusting agent.

The method for manufacturing the compressed sheet type bed soil for a

rice plant growth according to the present invention will be described in more

detail.

With the compression and molding method, a mixture is made by mixing

60~85weight% of cocopeat, 5~20weight% of peatmoss, 5~20weight% of

swelled rice hull, 5weight% of vermiculite, 5weight% of zeolite, 5weight% of

loess, and a small amount of fertilizer and plant growth adjusting agent and is

pressurized by the weight of 200 through 100 tones with a size of a width of

30x60cm and a thickness of 0.4-0.8cm using the compression molding

machine, and it is dried within a moisture of 10%, so that it is possible to

manufacture a compressed sheet type bed soil for a rice plant growth according

to the present invention. When 200 tones are applied to the area of 1800cm² of

the sheet type bed soil of 30x60cm, it corresponds to 111.1kg/cm², and when

1000 tones are applied, it corresponds to 555.5kg/cm². The compressed sheet bed soil for a rice plant growth according to the

present invention is optimally compressed at a volume ratio of 2.5:1 with

respect to the width of 30x60cm, and the thickness of 0.6cm. The thusly

compressed bed soil absorbs water of 2.5liter water per sheet, and it is

expanded up to 1.5cm within 0.5~1.3 seconds(Figure 1 B).

The conventional mat bed soil needs a Korean agricultural promotion

institute's rice plant growth method concerning a water supply amount, a soil

recovery amount, a box stacking period and temperature, and a water

management in a main rice seeding site via a new rice plant seeding test

process when seeding a rice plant, but in the present invention, a compressed

sheet type bed soil for a rice plant growth has an excellent ventilation, drainage

and water retaining capacity and fertilizer retaining capacity after absorbing

water. So, a uniform germination, uniform seeding work, excellent growth are

obtained. A farmer can seed a rice plant using the conventional standard rice

seeding and growing method provided by the Korean agricultural promotion

institute, so that the present invention can be easily implemented. The

compressed sheet type bed soil for a rice plant growth according to the present

invention does not use water during the production, so that it is environment-

friendly. It is light as compared to the heavy bed soil. When the compression

strength is high, the thickness is thin. Therefore, 70 sheets of the compressed sheet type bed soil for a rice plant growth are needed as compared to the

conventional mat bed soil which can stack 50 sheets in the transfer box of the

same size for thereby achieving an easier transfer. Since the present invention

does not use a pulp among the compositions, it is possible to prevent a

production of the floatable microorganism which eats carbon sources, so that a

stable seeding and growth can be obtained. The present invention will be

described in more detail with the following examples.

Example 1 : Compression and molding property analysis of main material

mixing ratio

As seen in the following table 1 , the molding property of the compression

sheet shaped bed soil is analyzed by changing the composition ratio of the main

materials.

Method

(1) Machine used: Papress

(2) Pressure used: 291.7tones(162kg/cm²)

(3) Height of mold: 20mm

(4) Manufacturing simulation: circular

(5) Test place: llsung corporation(located in Junju city, Korea)

As a result, the more the cocopeat, the better the molding. It is needed to

enhance the strength for an easier handling and management. So as to

enhance the strength, it is needed to more add loess, so that it does not break

and has a good state. The expanded rice hulls are not expensive, but it can be

easily broken after molding. So, it has a poor storing property after molding. So,

the mixture made by mixing cocopeat, peatmoss, vermiculite, zeolite and loess

and molding the same has an excellent molding and storing property and an

easier handling and management performance.

As a result of the table 1 , the mixture preferably has at least one selected

from 60~85weight% of cocopeat, 5~20weight% of peatmoss, 5~20weight% of

swelled rice hull, 5weight% of vermiculite, 5weight% of zeolite, and 5weight% of

loess.

Example 2: Moisture absorption analysis The compressed sheet type bed soil for a rice plant growth according to

the present invention is inputted into the rice plant seeding and growth

box(Figure 2) of a horizontal size of 60cm, a vertical size of 30cm, and a height

of 3cm, and as a comparison sample, the conventional mat bed soil(Figure 4C)

and the heavy bed soil(Figure 4B) are inputted into the reference box of 2.7liters,

and about 2.5 liters of water is supplied, and the moisture absorption time and

expansion comparison tests were conducted. As a result of the tests, as seen in

the following table 2, the compressed sheet type bed soil for a rice plant growth

absorbed the water at the time when the water was supplied, and it was

expanded abut 2.5 times with respect to the volume and become 1.5cm proper

for the seeding of rice plant seeds.

The conventional automatic seeding machine took 5 through 7 seconds

from the seeding after water supply to the recovery. At this time, the water

absorption should be completed so that the recovered soil was not hardened. In

the present invention, the water absorption was finished upon supplying water,

and the bed soil was expanded. So, it was known that the present invention

could be adapted to the automatic seeding machine. [Table 2]

Example 3: rice plant seeding and growth test

As the compressed sheet type bed soil for a rice plant growth and a

comparison sample, two kinds of the conventional mat bed soils and one kind of

the heavy bed soil were inputted into the rice plant seeding and growth box, and

water is supplied. Rice seeds were seeded, and the boxes were stacked for

three days at 30⁰C, and the rice seeds were grown, and it was checked on 23th

day for thereby finishing the growth tests.

Materials and methods

(1) Test site: Warm house of Agriculture and growth college of Korea

national Seoul university

(2) Test plants: Chuchung rice plant

(3) Contents of growth

- Seeding and growing box: for baby rice plants

-Amount of seeding: 220g/box(based on dried seeds)

-Amount of recovery of soil: 0.7liters -Temperature of stacking of boxes: 30°C

- Box stacking period: 3 days

- In case of recording after box stacking, it is uncovered after covering

using a newspapei for 8 hours.

(4) Test sample arrangement and repetition: Full random arrangement,

three times repetition

(5) Analysis items and time

-Analysis items: First length, number of leaves, SPAD

- Time of analysis: 23th day after seeding

As a result of the growth, the compressed sheet type bed soil according

to the present invention has an excellent initial length for a transfer of the rice

plant, and the color of the leaves looks health, and the baby rice plants were

health as seen in the table 3.

Industrial Applicability

As compared to the conventional art in which it takes too much time for

storing the heavy bed soil and the light bed soil, the present invention has an advantages that a work time is significantly decreased by storing one sheet by

one sheet. Since water is not used during the manufacture, wastewater is not

produced. The present invention is environment-friendly, and since the pulp is

not used, microorganism is not produced, so that there is not a nutrition

competition between rice plants and microorganism. Ventilation is excellent, and

a stability with respect to a weather change is excellent. As compared to the

conventional met type bed soil which is hard to adjust drainage for a proper

moisture level, and needs an education and training and further needs a

standard growth method, the present invention can be easily performed without

education, and the standard growing method provided by the Korean

agricultural promotion institute can be directly adapted to the present invention.

The raw material of the present invention is made by mixing organic

material and mineral substance having low moisture level and by spraying water

thereto. So, water is not absorbed by the powder bed soil, but is repulsive to

water. When water is sprayed after it is made in a compressed sheet type bed

soil, water is instantly absorbed and is expanded and recovered. So, an

excellent ventilation, drainage and fertilizer keeping capacity are obtained for

thereby obtaining an optimum condition for growing rice plants. Since mineral

substances are used, it is possible to grow healthy rice plants. The materials are

not broken after compression and molding since it is possible to adjust a

compression strength and hardness. It can not be broken during the use, so

that the present invention can be efficiently used for growing rice plants. As the present invention may be embodied in several forms without

departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof, it should also be

understood that the above-described examples are not limited by any of the

details of the foregoing description, unless otherwise specified, but rather

should be construed broadly within its spirit and scope as defined in the

appended claims, and therefore all changes and modifications that fall within

the meets and bounds of the claims, or equivalences of such meets and bounds

are therefore intended to be embraced by the appended claims.

Claims

Claims:

1. A compressed sheet type bed soil for a rise plant growth

characterized in that at least one of 60~85weight% of cocopeat, 5~20weight%

of peatmoss, 5~20weight% of swelled rice hull, 5weight% of vermiculite,

5weight% of zeolite, and 5weight% of loess is selected and mixed for thereby

manufacturing a basic bed soil, and a fertilizer and a plant growth adjusting

agent is added thereto, and the resultant mixture is pressurized and molded

with 111.1~555.5kg/cm² using a sheet shaped bed soil manufacturing mold, and

moisture is supplied for 0.5 through 1.3 seconds needed for moisture absorption,

so that the volume of the same is expanded three times.

2. The soil of claim 1 , wherein said fertilizer consists of nitrogen,

phosphoric acid, and potassium at a ratio of 1 :1 :1 , and is added to each box by

3. The soil of claim 1 , wherein said plant growth adjusting agent is

selected among gibberellic acid(GA), abscisic acid(ABA), auxin, cytokines, and

microorganism agent which produces growth adjusting agent.

4. The soil of claim 1 , wherein said mold has a height of 20mm.