FI57740B - FOERFARANDE FOER FRAMSTAELLNING AV PRESSAD TORVSUBSTRAT - Google Patents

Description

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ΛΓλ W ('1' UTLAGGN I NQSSKRI FT 5 V 7 4 0 C (4¾ Patent granted ΙΟ 10 1080 Patent meddelat (Si) Kv.ik.Va.3 C 05 F 11/04, A 01 G 9/10 ENGLISH— FINLAND (21) Pf "ttB» k «iw« -Nm> t »M5fcmnt 760008 (22) H« kml «p <Uvt — An» 0kn »nf» d> g 05.01.76 '(23) Allniflivl — Glltl | h «t * dag 05.01.76 (41) Interpreters {ulkMal - BlMt offMClIg 07.07.76 PMMti-l.« ktawritatlKw «« Ν · * Λ ^ | ιI * · *** »,» .-

Patent- och ragiatarttyraltan 'Amekan uthgd oeh utUkriftM publiewvd 30.06.80 (32) (33) (31) Requested «cuoilc« is — SagSrtf priority 06.01.75 USSR (SU) 20935¾¾ (71) Vsesojuzny Nauchno-Issledovatelsky Institut Torfyanoi Marsovo pole 5 »Leningrad, USSR (SU) (72) Ivan Vasilievich Karpenko, Kolpino Leningrad Oblast, Viktor Ilich Chistyakov, Leningrad, Viktor Anatolievich Grachev, Leningrad, Antonina Alexeevna Simonova, Leningrad, Evgeny Iosifovich Gavrilchik (su), 7¾) Oy Kolster Ab (5¾) Method for the production of compressed peat growing medium - Förfarande för framställning av pressed torvsubstrat

The invention relates to plant cultivation and relates to methods for producing growing media suitable for growing agricultural, wood, ornamental, flower and other plants, and more particularly to the present invention relates to a method for producing compressed peat growing media.

The method according to the invention can be widely used for growing vegetable, flower, ornamental and wood seedlings from seed in the open air and under glass, as well as for making portable ornamental grass mats.

Several methods are known for the production of peat growing media using slightly decomposed (up to 12%) layers of peat bogs with excellent water and air retention and fibrous structure. In order to obtain optimal growth conditions for crops - rich in nutrients, trace elements, water, air and solids - a nutrient growth medium is prepared. In this case, the extracted peat is finely ground and dried to a moisture content of 12-20%, mixed with a calcareous material of 6-8 kg / mJ and mixed. The required 2,57740 inorganic macro- and microfertilizers are added to the mixture in an amount of 0.1 to 2% by weight, after which the mixture is thoroughly mixed to distribute the nutrients evenly over the calcareous peat. The latter stage involves great difficulties.

Due to the low density (landfill weight) and low decomposition of peat, its use involves considerable transport and storage costs. Therefore, the peat growing medium is compressed into briquettes, balls or cakes. When moistened, they lose their shape and return to their original volume, thus again becoming peat soil, which can be used to fill various containers, such as boxes and pots.

Seedlings grown from seed in such a medium are later planted in greenhouses or in the open.

When replanting, the root system of the plant is damaged and the result is a slowdown in plant growth, a delay in flowering and fruit formation, and a decrease in yield.

To protect the root system, the seedlings are grown from seed in, for example, peat pots, perforated and non-perforated polyethylene hoses and sacks filled with peat growth medium or other nutrient-containing growth medium. For this purpose, the use of compressed peat media, for example briquettes, balls and cakes, packed in paper, kapron, polyethylene or other reticulated or perforated covers to preserve their shape during wetting is also known in the art. But the manufacture and use of individual containers involves considerable costs and a great deal of manual work, for example when replanting seedlings grown from seed, for example in boxes and shelves. In addition, the growing media placed in the containers tend to condense over time and thus lose their water-air properties optimally for growing seedlings from seed. In the production of compressed peat substrates, the water-to-air ratio can be controlled by adding the peat substrate to the resiliently foamed polyurethane as a filler during foaming, and the mixture thus obtained is hot-pressed. This known method also makes it possible to form individual planting cells into cells of the desired size. Such honeycombs effectively resist deformation and are quite robust, effectively protecting the root system during transport and when replanting seedlings grown from seed. In the production of compressed peat growing media, the aim is to improve the production method of nutrient peat cells by selecting more advantageous feed peat mixtures and by adding porous forming agents, activators and foam stabilizers.

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But the use of synthetic materials in the manufacture of compressed peat media creates new difficulties. Seedlings grown from seed are constantly planted in the soil in use and polyurethane foam and other synthetic substances in the soil cause a lot of pollution because they do not dissolve and decompose in the soil, thus creating problems for the collection and disposal of synthetic waste.

The invention relates to a process for the production of compressed peat growing media with a fibrous structure and an optimum ratio of solid, liquid and gas phases, whereby the growing medium becomes sufficiently strong to protect seedlings grown from seed during transport and replanting. This avoids soil contamination by synthetic substances when replanting seedlings grown from seed with such compressed media, and it is also possible to produce individual planting cells with a geometrically regular and sturdy shape for connecting cells.

The invention relates to a method for producing compressed peat growing media by adding and compressing lime-containing substances, inorganic fertilizers and trace elements to the peat mass.

The invention is characterized in that the peat mass is moistened with stirring to a moisture content of 93-9T% with an aqueous solution of calcareous substances, inorganic fertilizers and trace elements, after which the medium thus obtained is pressed to a moisture content of 85-88% and dried at U0-105 ° C 15 ~ 60%.

According to the method, it is possible to produce compressed peat growing media that are strong enough to protect the plant roots during transport and planting and to avoid soil contamination caused by synthetic substances when replanting seedlings grown from seed in the growing medium. Compressed peat growth media are manufactured as honeycomb cells consisting of single planting cells with a geometrically regular and sturdy shape, which enables the use of compressed peat growth media to be mechanized. In the production of peat-based growing media, all basic nutrients are available to plants. In addition, soil structure, biochemical properties and phase ratio are becoming more pronounced and photosynthetic processes are intensifying due to the strong release of carbon dioxide into the soil air. Furthermore, since heat-treated, compressed media do not contain any disease-causing microorganisms, all measures to protect plants from disease can be omitted.

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Sowing and planting cells assembled in sturdy honeycombs do not need tanks and can be used on all platforms, e.g. on concrete, planks and ground. Each cell, as well as the entire cell, forms a strong reservoir that allows the root system to develop and protects it from damage. By adding a predetermined amount of macro- and micronutrients in liquid form, the substrates obtain a uniform structure and the solid, liquid, and gas phases of each cell of the compressed medium obtain the desired ratio. Manufacturing compressed substrate cells instead of individual pots, cakes and briquettes saves significant costs on transporting, storing and replanting seedlings grown from seed. In addition, transport and storage costs are saved before using honeycombs to grow seedlings from seed.

The composition and amount of inorganic nutrients used in compressed media can vary widely without still resulting in inferior products to previous compressed peat media, so they can be used to grow a wide variety of crops. Examples of vegetables grown from seed include cucumber, tomato, cabbage, lettuce, dill and celery, summer flowers of petunia, lion's share, aster, zinnia, sage and begonia, ornamental potted ornamental plants and flowers, , tree seedlings of spruce, pine, larch and cedar, seed or stone fruit seedlings of apple, pear, plum and cherry and ornamental and berry bushes of siren, jasmine, sambucus, angervo, lingonberry, rhamnus and gooseberry.

In order to accelerate the wetting during the use of the compressed peat medium, the original peat mass is preferably moistened with an aqueous solution which additionally contains 0.1 to 0.2% by weight of surfactants, based on the dry peat.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, sulphates and sulphonates of fatty acids are used as surfactants.

Other uses and advantages of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the detailed description of the method and its application examples set forth below.

Because peat is a colloid, it in itself regulates the optimum ratio between the solid, liquid, and gas phases of the peat growth medium. In prior art compressed substrates, such as briquettes, spheres and cakes made of finely ground and dried peat, the volume increases upon wetting, thereby restoring the optimum pore size and maintaining the required water-air properties of the substrate. Air-to-water ratios are known from practical experiments performed on 5,57740 peat growing media of seedlings. Thus, if the volume of the peat medium must be kept constant during compression, the optimum pore volume must be adjusted, which must be maintained in the formed honeycomb. It has been found that peat blocks that retain their original structure strengthen as they dry. Thus, the medium acquires a sturdy shape when drying a medium made of peat that has retained its original fibrous structure.

Thus, according to this method, to produce compressed peat growing media, root fragments are removed from peat bog peat that has slightly decomposed (up to 15 #) and isolated and produced from peat bog without pretreatment. The automatically dispensed amount of peat is then added to a tank, which at the same time is charged with an aqueous solution containing calcareous ingredients, inorganic nutrients and trace elements. Recommended calcareous ingredients include, for example, lime flour, slaked lime, quicklime, lime sinter, marl, dolomite flour and rock dust.

The amount of lime-containing substances added to the peat mass depends on their calcium content and the desired pH of the medium. The pH of the medium depends on the reactivity of the growth medium and the amount of calcareous substances is determined in the same way. For example, if calcareous substances contain magnesium (dolomite flour and dolomite-containing limestone: CaCO 2 + MgCO 2) and Merkel (dolomite flour) in addition to calcium carbonate, the latter two components are recommended because they provide both calcium and magnesium to the peat growing medium. When using lime flour, chalk, slaked lime and lime sinter, magnesium sulphate is added to the peat mass. Recommended inorganic fertilizers containing ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and magnesium are Ammonophos, diammonophos, potassium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulphate, superphosphate, potassium salt and magnesium sulphate. The amounts of inorganic fertilizers depend on their active ingredient amounts and on the need to keep the N: P: K ratio within specified limits.

Depending on the type of plant, the compressed peat media of the present invention contain varying amounts of inorganic additives having N: P: K ratios of, for example, 1: 1: 1.5, 1: 2: 1, 1.5: 1: 1 and 1: 1.5: 2.

The number of NPK additions can be calculated from the following formula: P = K · d / x · GT (100 - U /) where P = amount of each fertilizer gd = amount of active substance used gx = percentage of active substances G ^, = weight of peat mass kg U / = moisture content of the peat mass - # K = N-NH 2 -, P 2 O 2 - and K 2 O 6 57740

Preferably, trace elements are added to the medium per 100 grams of absolute dry peat: 100-180 mg MgO, 1-1.5 mg MnO, 1.5-2 mg B, 0.5-1.2 mg Cu, 0.006 mg Co, 1-1, 2 mg Mo, 0.6-1.00 mg Fe and 0.3 ~ 0.1 mg Zn.

The peat mass is diluted with an aqueous solution of calcareous ingredients, inorganic fertilizers and trace elements to a moisture content of 93 ~ 97% and mixed with a mechanical paddle mixer. Said moisture content is sufficient to break up the peat-forming plants into parts (stems, leaves and roots) and is ideal for the production of a liquid mass which can be easily compressed into substrate cells. As the peat-forming plants decompose, the inorganic components are absorbed from the solution during mixing.

In order for the compressed peat medium to get wet more quickly before sowing the seeds, its hydrophilic properties must be activated during manufacture.

In this case, in connection with the preparation of the nutrient medium, surfactants are added to an aqueous solution containing calcareous ingredients, inorganic fertilizers and trace elements. Preferably the surfactants are anionic preparations, for example sulphates and sulphonates of fatty acids or sulphanols obtained by alkylation of benzene with olefins, sulphonation and neutralization and non-ionic preparations, for example organic polyhydroxyethylene ethers of alkylphenols, alkylphenols) with ethylene oxide.

The above-mentioned preparations have excellent wetting properties and are the most non-toxic substances known to agriculture. In addition, all these preparations are biodegradable and therefore do not contaminate the soil after replanting,

Said surfactants are added to an aqueous solution containing calcareous ingredients, inorganic fertilizers and trace elements in an amount of 0.1 to 0.2% by weight, based on dry peat.

Surfactants added to the composition in the amounts mentioned above cause the substrate to absorb moisture within specified limits, i.e., UOO-800%.

The peat mass thus produced, known as a peat growing medium, can now be compressed. By squeezing the peat growing medium, a certain volume is obtained. The pulp is applied in a layer of a specified thickness and compressed in hydraulic horizontal presses to form a size-retaining product which retains its shape and has a certain porosity.

This is done by removing water from the peat mass, e.g., from 97 # to 88 or 89 Ji. When pressed, the medium is given a certain shape and dimensions. Usually, the compressed media are prepared as cells with dimensions of 50 x 50 cm or 100 x 100 cm and a thickness h or 5 cm.

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Excess water and solutes, as well as a small amount of suspended particles, are removed from the medium during compression. Therefore, the pressurized water is preferably recycled. The pressurized water is fed through a filter where the suspended mechanical particles are removed and returned to the tanks as a feed liquid for the preparation of solutions and other uses in the process. The additional costs will be offset by a corresponding reduction in water and mineral consumption.

The compressed cells are conveyed by a belt conveyor to air heaters where hot steam or gas removes more water from the peat substrate. Drying is carried out at a temperature of 1 + 0-105 ° C to an average moisture content of the final product of at least 15% ·

Drying peat causes irreversible changes in its colloidal component, altering the hygroscopic properties of peat and its products. In the manufacture of compressed media, the aim is to obtain highly porous and sufficiently hygroscopic products. Thus, the drying process must be such that it does not affect the hygroscopic properties of the peat. This object is achieved by drying the compressed media at a temperature of not more than 105 ° C. The lower temperature limit, 1 + 0 ° C, is due to the fact that at temperatures below this, drying slows down considerably without improving the quality. By controlling the temperature within said limits, the drying time can be controlled without fear of losing hygroscopicity and the desired shape can be given to the final product.

The final average moisture content of the final product must be at least 15%, because below this limit the peat growing medium becomes completely hydrophobic. If compressed media are to be stored for a longer period, their final moisture content must be higher to prevent excessive drying.

In the pressed and dried cells, the holes are cut into the seeds and holes are drilled. The 5 mm wide and 25-30 mm deep furrows are cut on the surface of the peat cells with flat side cutters or a saw to divide it (and seedlings grown from seed) into individual cells measuring, for example, 50 x 50 mm or 100 x 100 mm. Likewise, such grooves can be formed in the raw ingot.

Holes in the center of each cell for seeds, seedlings or seedlings are preferably drilled so that the surface of the cell is jagged and free of dense parts, creating optimal conditions for seed germination or seedlings and seedlings to grow.

The final products are stacked and sent to the store or user. In-store compressed peat cells do not require special measures. They can be stored under a protective film or canopy. The height of the surfaces is not limited.

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Compressed peat growing media are strong enough to protect the plant roots during transport and replanting, do not contaminate the soil and, as they form honeycomb cells with a geometrically regular and sturdy shape, make it easy to mechanize seedling growth and replanting.

Example 1

Peat that is raised at all times of the year (peat top layer, decomposition 10%, pH 2.77 and moisture content 92.9%) removed wood residues. .. 3. ....... ...

and loaded into a 10 m tank equipped with a paddle stirrer, such as is used in the manufacture of a peat nutrient substrate. The amount of peat corresponded to 500 kg of dry peat. The peat mass was diluted with stirring with an aqueous solution containing 50 kg of lime flour and inorganic fertilizers: 15 kg of phosphate fertilizer, 19% of P 2 O 3, 7.5 kg of potassium carbonate salt, 10% of K 2 O and 15 kg of ammonium sulphate, 21% of N. The dilution took place to a water content of 9%. .7% · By mixing, the homogenized peat medium was fed to a hydraulic horizontal press where water was removed to a moisture content of the compressed medium of 85.9% · The compressed medium was a rectangular ingot (50 x 50 cm, thickness h cm). The raw block was placed on the level of a shelf trolley. When all the levels of the trolley were filled, the trolley was transferred to an air heater where the ingots dried at 105 ° C to a predetermined moisture content of 30%.

With a circular saw machine, 3 cm deep grooves were cut every 5 cm in a ‘square’ pattern on the surface of the dried and pressed cells, and holes were drilled for seeds in each of the square cells thus obtained.

In the compressed medium thus obtained, pH 6, ^ 9, vegetable plants, for example dill, onion and lettuce, were grown from seed. High quality seedlings were obtained.

Example 2

Removal of sludge peat (decomposition 7% * pH 3.0 and moisture content 92%) .... . . 3 equivalent of 500 kg of dry peat was charged to a 10 m tank to prepare a peat substrate and diluted with an aqueous solution of 20 kg of chalk, 5 »5 kg of potassium nitrate, 3.3 kg of superphosphate, 2.5 kg of ammonium nitrate and 2 kg of magnesium sulphate. The following amounts of trace elements were added to the solution: 500 g MgO, 6 g MnO, 8 g B, 3 g Cu, 5 g Mo, lt g Fe and 1> 5 g Zn. Dilution was continued until the moisture content of the medium was 97%. · At the same time, the mixture was stirred with a paddle mixer to achieve uniformity. The medium thus prepared was pressed in a hydraulic horizontal press to a moisture content of 88%. The product was a rectangular ingot measuring 50 x 50 cm, thickness 4 cm. The raw ingot was transferred by shelf trolley to an air heater where the ingot was dried at 100 ° C to a moisture content of 29%.

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The final product, which had a pH of 6.02 and an N: P: K ratio of 2.5: 1: 3, was used to cultivate throat seedlings from seed.

In this case, 3 cm deep grooves were cut into the ingot at 10 cm intervals in a ‘square’ pattern and 25 square cells were obtained. A planting hole was drilled in each cell.

After throat seedlings grown in the growing medium were replanted in the greenhouse, they survived 100%.

Using a peat growing medium measuring 10 x 10 x 4 cm, seedlings could be grown without fertilizing the seed:

Example 3

Removal of sludge peat (decomposition 7%> pH 3.0 and moisture content 92%). . . .... 3 - wood residues and loaded with 500 kg of dry peat in a 10 m tank to prepare a peat medium and diluted with an aqueous solution of 20 kg of chalk, 5.5 kg of potassium nitrate, 3.3 kg of superphosphate, 2.5 kg of ammonium nitrate and 2 kg of magnesium sulfate. The following amounts of trace elements were added to the solution: 500 g MgO, 6 g MnO, 8 g B, 3 g Cu, 5 g Mo, 4 g Fe and 1.5 g Zn. Surfactants were also added to the solution, i.e. polyhydroxyethylene ethers of alkylphenols 500 g. The solution was poured into a tank until the moisture content of the medium was 97% - At the same time, the mixture was stirred with a paddle stirrer to achieve uniformity. The prepared medium was pressed in a hydraulic level press to a moisture content of 88%. Squeezing gave a square ingot measuring 50 x 50 cm and having a thickness of 4 cm. The extruded ingot was transferred by shelf trolley to an air heater where the ingot was dried at 100 ° C to a moisture content of 29% ·

The final product, which looked exactly as in Example 2, had a pH of 6.02 and an N: P: K ratio of 2.5: 1: 3. The medium, which was completely moistened in 30 minutes, was used to grow cucumber seedlings from seed.

In this case, 3 cm deep grooves were cut into the surface of the ingot every 10 cm as a ‘square’ pattern and 25 cells were obtained. A planting hole was drilled in each cell. When replanted, throat seedlings grown in a greenhouse survived 100%.

Using a peat growing medium measuring 10x10x4 cm, seedlings could be grown without fertilizing the seed.

Example 4

Removal of sludge peat (decomposition 7% * pH 3.0 and moisture content 92%)

.. ... R

500 kg of dry peat was placed in a 10 m tank to make a peat medium and diluted with an aqueous solution of 10,57740 containing 20 kg of chalk, 5.5 kg of potassium nitrate, 3.3 kg of superphosphate, 2.5 kg of ammonium nitrate and 2 kg of magnesium sulphate. . The following amounts of trace elements were added to the solution: 500 g MgO, 6 g MnO, 8 g B, 3 g Cu, 5 g Mo, h g Fe and 1.5 g Zn. The solution was poured into a tank until the moisture content of the medium was 97%. · At the same time, the mixture was stirred with a paddle stirrer to achieve uniformity. The prepared media were pressed in a hydraulic flat press to a moisture content of 88%. Squeezing gave a square ingot with dimensions of 50 x 50 cm and a thickness of h cm. The extruded green ingot was transferred by a shelf trolley to an air heater where the ingot was dried at h0 ° C to a moisture content of ho%.

The final product (pH 6.02 and N: P: K ratio 2.5: 1: 3) was used to grow throat seedlings from seed.

In this case, 3 cm deep grooves were cut into the surface of the ingot every 10 cm as a ‘square’ pattern and 25 cells were obtained. Planting holes were drilled in each cell. When replanted throat seedlings grown from seed in such growing media in the greenhouse, they survived 100%.

Using a peat growing medium measuring 10 x 10 x h cm, seedlings could be grown without fertilization from seed.

Example 5

From the peat bog (decomposition 12%, pH 2.7 and moisture content 90%) ... ... 1 wood residues were removed, an amount equivalent to 500 kg of dry peat was placed in a 10 m tank to prepare a peat growth medium and diluted with an aqueous solution of 25 kg of chalk 5 »5 kg potassium nitrate, 3.3 kg of superphosphate and 2.5 kg of ammonium nitrate and the following amounts of trace elements: 600 g MgO, 5 g MnO, 10 g B, 5 g Cu, 30 mg Co, 6 g Mo, 5 g Fe and 2 g Zn. The solution was poured into a tank until the moisture content of the medium was 93%. · At the same time, the mixture was stirred with a paddle mixer to achieve uniformity. The prepared medium was pressed in a hydraulic horizontal press to a moisture content of 85%. · Pressing gave a square ingot with dimensions of 50 x 50 cm, thickness h cm. The extruded raw ingot was transferred by a shelf trolley to an air heater where the ingot was dried at h0 ° C to a moisture content of 35.8%.

The final product, pH 5.05, was used to grow cabbage seedlings from seed.

In this case, 3 cm deep grooves were cut into the surface of the ingot at 5 cm intervals in a ‘square’ pattern and 100 cells were obtained. A planting hole was drilled in each cell. When replanted in the open in such growing media, seedlings grown from seed survived 100%. Using peat media containing certain amounts of micronutrients, cabbage seedlings could be grown without fertilization from seed.

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Example 6

From peat bog (decomposition 12%, pH 2.7 and moisture content 90%) .. ... 3 wood residues were removed, an amount equivalent to 500 kg of dry peat was charged to a 10 m tank for the preparation of peat growing media and diluted with an aqueous solution of 25 kg of chalk, 5.5 kg potassium nitrate, 3.3 kg superphosphate and 2.5 kg ammonium nitrate and the following amounts of trace elements: 600 g MgO, 5 g MnO, 10 g B, 5 g Cu, 30 mg Co, 6 g Mo, 5 g Fe and 2 g Zn . The solution was poured into a tank until the moisture content of the medium was 93%. · At the same time, the mixture was mixed with a paddle stirrer to achieve uniformity. The prepared medium was pressed in a hydraulic horizontal press to a moisture content of 85%. Squeezing gave a square ingot measuring 50 x 50 cm, thickness U cm. The raw ingot was transferred by shelf trolley to an air heater where the ingot was dried at 100 ° C to a moisture content of 20%.

The final product, pH 5.05, was used to grow cabbage seedlings from seed.

✓ In this case, 3 cm deep grooves were cut into the surface of the ingot every 5 cm as a 'square' pattern and 100 cells were obtained. A planting hole was drilled in each cell. When replanted in the open field in such a medium, seedlings grown from seed survived 100%. Using peat media containing certain amounts of trace elements, cabbage seedlings could be grown from seed without fertilization.

Example 7

From peat bog peat (decomposition 10%, pH 2.9 and moisture content 92%). . ... 3 wood residues, 500 kg of dry peat was placed in a 10 m tank to prepare a peat medium and diluted with an aqueous solution of 20 kg of chalk and 9 * + kg of inorganic fertilizer containing 16% N, 16% and 16% K ^ O. The solution was poured into a tank until the moisture content of the medium was 95%. · At the same time, the mixture was stirred with a paddle stirrer to achieve uniformity. The prepared medium was pressed in a hydraulic flat press to a moisture content of 86%. Squeezing gave a square ingot measuring 100 x 100 cm and having a thickness of U cm. The raw ingot was transferred by shelf trolley to an air heater where the ingot was dried at 100 ° to a moisture content of 15%.

The final product was used to make portable decorative grass mats.

In this case, 0.8 cm deep grooves were cut into the surface of the ingot at 5 cm intervals as a ‘square’ pattern. A planting hole was drilled in the center of each square cell thus obtained. The furrows and planting holes act as grass seed navigators and at the same time a system that supplies water and air to the root system inside the ingot. When arranging grass mats indoors, the temperature of the medium must be 18-22 ° C and the lighting 5,000-7,000 lux / m 2.

Claims (3)

12 57740 A process for the preparation of compressed peat growing media by adding and compressing lime-containing substances, inorganic fertilizers and trace elements to the peat mass, characterized in that the peat mass is moistened with stirring to a moisture content of 93-97% by aqueous solution 85-88% and dried at ** 0-105 ° C to an average moisture content of 15-60% of the compressed peat medium. A method for producing compressed peat growing media according to claim 1, characterized in that the feed peat mass is moistened with an aqueous solution which additionally contains 0.1 to 0.2% by weight of surfactants, based on the amount of dry peat. Process for the preparation of compressed peat growing media according to Claim 2, characterized in that the surfactants are sulphates and sulphonates of fatty acids.