JPH0198421A - Soil cover for raising seedling - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To carry out saving of time and labor, such as gardening, by solidifying a granular cellulosic material or granular mineral material with a water hydrolyzable adhesive into a plate form to form a soil cover and placing the soil cover on bed soil after seeding, etc. CONSTITUTION:A simple substance or composite of a granular cellulosic material, such as bagasse, chaff or sawdust, and a granular mineral material, such as perlite, zeolite or vermiculite, is used as a principal material and a water hydrolyzable adhesive, such as starch or polyvinyl alcohol, in an amount of 1-30wt.% based on the principal material is added and adjusted to form a solidified plate soil cover (A) by a hot-molding machine, etc. The above- mentioned soil cover (A) is then placed on seeded bed soil or seedling raising mat in place of soil to carry out saving of time and labor, such as gardening. This soil cover is suitable for raising seedlings of paddy rice, vegetables, etc.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to covering soil for raising seedlings, and particularly to covering soil solidified into a plate shape.

(Conventional technology) In recent years, for example, with the rapid spread of automatic rice transplanters, seedling raising methods using seedling boxes have been widely adopted for raising paddy rice seedlings. ) on the bed or with a seedling mat instead of soil, sow seeds,
Next, we put in Yamagami 1 artificial soil and cover soil with rice husk charcoal, etc.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) By the way, covering soil is something that keeps the seeds in an appropriate moist state to promote germination, and it must: ■ not hinder germination, ■ have an appropriate weight, and ■ Required conditions include that it is difficult to dry.

Therefore, preparing the covering soil requires troublesome work and labor such as drying, sieving, and sterilization, and it is also time-consuming to prepare the covering soil to an even thickness after sowing. There are various problems caused by the lack of legalization.

The present invention was made in view of these circumstances, and the purpose is to provide soil covering soil for the rainy season that satisfies the required conditions and has a fixed shape that can be mass-produced, and that requires only the labor of placing it on the soil after sowing. 16° (Means for solving the problem) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention uses granular as the main material! ! It is characterized by a structure consisting of a single or composite material of a fibrous material and a granular mineral material, and a water-decomposable adhesive that solidifies the main material into a plate shape.

Granular I as the main material of the present invention! Fibrous materials include fried rice husks, straw, rice husks, rice husk smoked charcoal, J3 scraps, wood chips, etc.
Granular mineral materials include perlite, zeolite, vermiculite, and fly ash.

Examples include mining slag and mountain sand.

Further, the water-decomposable adhesive of the present invention includes starch, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), carboxydimethylcellulose (CMC), and synthetic rubber.

Examples include vinyl acetate and thermosetting polymers.

The auxiliary materials added to the main material of the present invention as required include pulp, natural fibers, and mineral fibers for reinforcement.
Examples include synthetic fibers, water-absorbing polymers to prevent drying, and surfactants to improve permeability.

In addition, the pH of the present invention can be appropriately adjusted using an acidic pH adjuster such as sulfuric acid depending on the use for paddy rice and other plants such as vegetables.

(Function) As the covering soil of the present invention is placed on the seed rice and bed after sowing and is irrigated, the water-decomposable adhesive that solidifies the main material dissolves and the main material decomposes into granules. It was shaped and coated on the seed rice to an even thickness.

As a result, the seed rice germinates, sprouts from the covered soil, and becomes young seedlings through greening and hardening.

(Example) An example of implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

In the figure, (A) is the covering soil, and this covering soil (A) is made by solidifying the main material into a plate shape with a single or composite of granular fiber rope material and granular mineral material as the main material. It consists of a water-decomposable adhesive.

The addition ratio of the water-decomposable adhesive is 1 to 30% by weight.

Sub-materials are added to the main material as needed. This auxiliary material is pulp, natural fiber, mineral fiber, 2 synthetic fibers for reinforcing the covering soil (A) into a fixed shape, and the addition ratio of pulp to the main material is approximately 0.1 to 5 Fd. %, for other natural fibers approximately 1 to 10%, for mineral fibers approximately 1%
-20% by weight, and approximately 1-10% by weight for synthetic fibers.

Moreover, the addition ratio of the water-absorbing polymer for suppressing the drying of the covering soil (A) is approximately 0.1 to 5% by weight to the main material. In addition, for the surfactant that improves the water permeability of the soil covering (A), its addition ratio is approximately 0.1 to 3 times the maximum weight of the soil material.

The pH of the covering soil (A>) is appropriately adjusted with an rh adjuster, and suitable values are 4.5 to 5.5 for paddy rice and 6 to 7 for vegetables.

The suspension of the covering soil (A) is preferably 0.2 to 0.6 g/- for both paddy rice and vegetables.

In addition, the covering soil (A) is made of materials such as water-soluble paper and cellulose (1
) is buried as a core material (Fig. 3), or the same member (1) is covered as a covering material (Fig. 4). In these embodiments, member (1) serves as a reinforcing material and reinforces the covering soil (A>) into a regular shape.

Next, I will give a concrete example.

Example 1 (for paddy rice) The main material is mountain sand made of granular mineral material (coarse type: 0.1 to 3 rin)
After conditioning this main material by adding 3x M% water-decomposable adhesive polyvinyl alcohol, it was placed in a heat molding machine and heat-treated at 100°C for 10 minutes to form a 0.5cm thick
A plate-shaped covering soil of 11×58 cm×2802×ffi I K9 was obtained.

This covering soil was placed on the bed and on the rice seedlings in the same manner as in a known seedling raising method.

When the soil is irrigated, it loses its shape and loosens, spreads evenly over the bed and rice seeds, and then germinates.

Seedlings were obtained 21 days after greening and curing.

For comparison, seedlings were raised in the same manner using soil covered with sieved and sterilized mountain tops, and the results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1: Seedling height (cxr) ToF Paddy: Toyonishi Sowing 1: 180g/Th1 (Length 60rJ x Width 301 x Depth 3cm) Example ■ (for paddy rice) Grinding of granular fiber-based cable material as the main material Rice husk 99 weight 61%
and 1% by weight of pulp of aI material, mixed with 1ff% of water-absorbing polymer, and added 20% by weight of polyvinyl alcohol as a water-decomposable adhesive. After that, it was placed in a heating molding machine and heat-treated at 100° C. for 10 minutes to obtain a plate-like covered soil with a thickness of 0.51×length of 58 cm×width of 28 cm and weight of fit of 0.4 to 9.

This soil covering was carried out in the same manner as in Example (2).

When the soil is irrigated, it loses its shape and loosens and spreads evenly over the bed and rice seeds.

Seedlings were obtained 21 days after completing the greening and razing stages.

For comparison, seedlings were raised in the same manner using covered soil consisting of sieved and marketed mountain tops, and the results are shown in Table 2.

Table 2 Example ■ (for paddy rice) Using 40% by weight of crushed rice husks, which are granular cellulose-based materials, and 60% by weight of mountain sand, which is granular mineral-based materials, as the main materials, and
After adding polyvinyl alcohol, a water-decomposable adhesive of 15 wt ω%, to this main material and preparing it with a binder, it was placed in a heat molding machine and heat-treated at 100°C for 10 minutes to give a thickness of 0.5 clX. Length 58cIR x width 28ctn.

A plate-shaped covered soil weighing 0.7 kg was obtained.

This soil covering was carried out in the same manner as in the example construction.

When the soil is irrigated, it loses its shape and loosens, spreads evenly over the bed and rice seeds, and then germinates.

Seedlings were obtained 21 days after greening and curing.

For comparison, seedlings were raised in the same manner using soil covered with sieved and sterilized mountain t, and the results are shown in Table 3.

As described above, in the seedling raising example using the covering soil (A) of the present invention, the same seedling raising effect as the conventional method was obtained by 1q.

(Effect of the invention) Therefore, the present invention has the following advantages.

■ It is shaped and jd-shaped, so all you have to do is put it on after sowing, and it is much easier to do than the conventional drying and drying to prepare for covering soil.
Preparatory work such as dividing, sanding, etc., the labor of applying soil to a uniform thickness for top-up, and the actual work of labor such as soiling can be saved all at once.

■ Suitable and extremely useful for raising seedlings of paddy rice, vegetables, and other plants.

[BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS] FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing an example of the implementation of the soil covering according to the present invention. Figure 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along the line ■-■. FIG. 3 J3 and FIG. 4 are longitudinal sectional views showing other embodiments. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the state of use, with a portion cut away. In the figure, (A) is covered with soil. -1z1.3z, ~5
,.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A covering soil for raising seedlings consisting of a granular cellulose material or a granular mineral material as the main material, either singly or in combination, and a water-decomposable adhesive that solidifies the main material into a plate shape. (2) For raising seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the main material contains one or more of pulp, natural fiber, mineral fiber, synthetic fiber, water-absorbing polymer, and surfactant as an auxiliary material. Cover with soil.