WO2006090451A1 - 空気調和装置 - Google Patents
空気調和装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006090451A1 WO2006090451A1 PCT/JP2005/002982 JP2005002982W WO2006090451A1 WO 2006090451 A1 WO2006090451 A1 WO 2006090451A1 JP 2005002982 W JP2005002982 W JP 2005002982W WO 2006090451 A1 WO2006090451 A1 WO 2006090451A1
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- Prior art keywords
- refrigerant
- heat exchanger
- temperature
- side heat
- pressure side
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/005—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices of safety devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/06—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
- F25B2309/061—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide with cycle highest pressure above the supercritical pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/027—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means
- F25B2313/02741—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means using one four-way valve
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/029—Control issues
- F25B2313/0293—Control issues related to the indoor fan, e.g. controlling speed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/029—Control issues
- F25B2313/0294—Control issues related to the outdoor fan, e.g. controlling speed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/031—Sensor arrangements
- F25B2313/0314—Temperature sensors near the indoor heat exchanger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/031—Sensor arrangements
- F25B2313/0315—Temperature sensors near the outdoor heat exchanger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/19—Calculation of parameters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/22—Preventing, detecting or repairing leaks of refrigeration fluids
- F25B2500/222—Detecting refrigerant leaks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2513—Expansion valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
- F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an air conditioner that judges normality / abnormality from operating characteristics detected from an air conditioner at normal time and current operating characteristics.
- a conventional air conditioner includes a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor at an inlet / outlet of a compressor, signals from an outside air temperature sensor and an indoor temperature sensor, model name information of the air conditioner necessary for calculation of cycle simulation,
- the refrigeration cycle characteristics of the air conditioner under normal conditions are calculated by cycle simulation based on the amount of air-cooled air enclosed in the air conditioner input by the input unit, the length of the connecting pipe, and the height difference between the indoor unit and the outdoor unit.
- excess / deficiency amount of refrigerant, equipment abnormality judgment, piping clogging, etc. were judged (for example, see Patent Document 1).
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-133011
- Non-Patent Document 1 Hiroshi Seshita * Masao Fujii, “Compact Heat Exchanger”, Nikkan Kogyo Shimbun, 1992
- Patent Document 2 G.P.Gaspan “Pro 5th Int. Heat Transfer Conference J, 1974 Invention Disclosure
- the conventional air conditioner does not take into account the deterioration of the fins of the outdoor heat exchanger or the indoor heat exchanger, the filter clogging, the influence of the outside wind, etc. There was a problem with being unable to judge.
- there is surplus refrigerant there is a problem that even if a cycle simulation is performed from the temperature and pressure information, refrigerant leakage cannot be detected and refrigerant leakage cannot be detected at an early stage. It was.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and learns or stores the normal refrigeration cycle characteristics of the air conditioner and obtains the refrigeration obtained from the air conditioner during operation. By comparing with the cycle characteristics, it is possible to accurately diagnose normality and abnormality of the air conditioner with high accuracy under any environmental conditions and installation conditions.
- the purpose is to eliminate the operation of inputting the height difference, etc., to shorten the normal / abnormal judgment time and to improve the operability.
- surplus refrigerant such as an accumulator receiver can be obtained.
- the objective is to provide an air conditioner that can accurately and accurately diagnose refrigerant leaks in an air conditioner even in the models where the equipment to be stored is a component.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an air conditioner that accurately diagnoses refrigerant leakage without adding a specific detector. [0012] It is another object of the present invention to provide an air conditioner that accurately diagnoses refrigerant leakage regardless of the type of refrigerant.
- the compressor, the high-pressure side heat exchanger, the expansion device, and the low-pressure side heat exchanger are connected by piping, and the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is circulated in the high-pressure side heat exchanger.
- a fluid delivery section for flowing a fluid outside the high pressure side heat exchanger to exchange heat between the refrigerant and the fluid in the high pressure side heat exchanger;
- a high-pressure refrigerant temperature detector that detects the condensation temperature of the refrigerant in the high-pressure heat exchanger or the temperature during cooling
- a high-pressure side heat exchanger inlet-side refrigerant temperature detection unit that detects the temperature of the refrigerant on the inlet side of the high-pressure side heat exchanger
- a high-pressure side heat exchanger outlet-side refrigerant temperature detection unit for detecting the temperature of the refrigerant on the outlet side of the high-pressure side heat exchanger
- a fluid temperature detection unit for detecting the temperature of any position of the fluid flowing outside the high pressure side heat exchanger
- a low-pressure refrigerant temperature detector that detects the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant in the low-pressure heat exchanger or the temperature during cooling
- a calculation comparison unit that calculates and compares the measured value and the theoretical value of the amount of the liquid phase part of the refrigerant in the high-pressure side heat exchanger, which are obtained based on each detection value detected by each temperature detection unit; It is characterized by having.
- the compressor, the high-pressure side heat exchanger, the expansion device, and the low-pressure side heat exchanger are connected by piping, and the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is circulated in the high-pressure side heat exchanger.
- a fluid delivery section for flowing a fluid outside the high pressure side heat exchanger to exchange heat between the refrigerant and the fluid in the high pressure side heat exchanger;
- a high-pressure refrigerant temperature detector that detects the condensation temperature of the refrigerant in the high-pressure heat exchanger or the temperature during cooling;
- a high-pressure side heat exchanger inlet-side refrigerant temperature detection unit that detects the temperature of the refrigerant on the inlet side of the high-pressure side heat exchanger
- a high-pressure side heat exchanger outlet-side refrigerant temperature detection unit for detecting the temperature of the refrigerant on the outlet side of the high-pressure side heat exchanger
- a fluid temperature detection unit for detecting the temperature of any position of the fluid flowing outside the high pressure side heat exchanger
- a low-pressure refrigerant temperature detector that detects the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant in the low-pressure heat exchanger or the temperature during cooling
- a low-pressure side heat exchanger outlet-side refrigerant temperature detection unit for detecting the temperature of the refrigerant on the outlet side of the low-pressure side heat exchanger
- a calculation comparison unit is provided for calculating a measured value and a theoretical value for the amount of the liquid phase part of the refrigerant in the high-pressure side heat exchanger, which are obtained based on each detection value detected by each temperature detection unit. It is characterized by.
- the controller detects the refrigerant temperature and the fluid temperature detector detected by the high-pressure refrigerant temperature detector during the diagnostic operation of the air conditioner. It is characterized in that the rotational speed of the fluid delivery unit is controlled so that the temperature difference from the fluid temperature is brought closer to a preset value.
- control unit detects the refrigerant temperature detected by the high-pressure refrigerant temperature detection unit and the fluid temperature detection unit during the diagnostic operation of the air conditioning apparatus.
- the frequency of the compressor is controlled so that the temperature difference with the temperature of the fluid approaches a preset value.
- the control unit is configured to bring the refrigerant temperature detected by the low-pressure refrigerant temperature detection unit closer to a preset value during the diagnostic operation of the air conditioning apparatus.
- the opening degree of the expansion device is controlled.
- the control unit determines the degree of superheat of the low-pressure side heat exchanger from the temperature of the refrigerant detected by the low-pressure refrigerant temperature detection unit during the diagnostic operation of the air conditioner. The feature is that the opening degree of the throttle device is controlled so as to be close to a preset value.
- the air conditioner according to the present invention compares the measured value related to the amount of the liquid phase part of the refrigerant in the high-pressure side heat exchanger calculated in the past with the current measured value, and calculates the change from the change. It is characterized by having a judgment unit that judges leakage.
- the air conditioner according to the present invention compares the measured value related to the amount of the liquid phase part of the refrigerant in the high-pressure side heat exchanger calculated in the past with the current measured value and refrigerates from the change. It is equipped with a judgment unit that judges clogging in the cycle or abnormal opening of the throttle device
- a compressor, a high-pressure side heat exchanger, a throttling device, and a low-pressure side heat exchanger are connected by piping, and a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is circulated in the high-pressure side heat exchanger.
- a fluid delivery section for flowing a fluid outside the high pressure side heat exchanger to exchange heat between the refrigerant and the fluid in the high pressure side heat exchanger;
- a high-pressure refrigerant temperature detector that detects the condensation temperature of the refrigerant in the high-pressure heat exchanger or the temperature during cooling
- a high-pressure side heat exchanger inlet-side refrigerant temperature detection unit that detects the temperature of the refrigerant on the inlet side of the high-pressure side heat exchanger
- a high-pressure side heat exchanger outlet-side refrigerant temperature detection unit for detecting the temperature of the refrigerant on the outlet side of the high-pressure side heat exchanger
- a fluid temperature detection unit for detecting the temperature of any position of the fluid flowing outside the high pressure side heat exchanger
- a low-pressure refrigerant temperature detector that detects the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant in the low-pressure heat exchanger or the temperature during cooling
- a control unit that controls the refrigeration cycle based on each detection value detected by each temperature detection unit, and the expansion device includes an upstream expansion device, a receiver, and a downstream expansion device.
- the control unit is configured to make the opening area of the upstream throttling device smaller than that of the downstream throttling device so that the outlet refrigerant of the receiver is in a two-phase state, and the excess refrigerant in the receiver is subjected to high-pressure side heat exchange.
- a special operation mode for moving the inside of the container is provided.
- the compressor, the high-pressure side heat exchanger, the expansion device, and the low-pressure side heat exchanger are connected by piping, and the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is circulated in the high-pressure side heat exchanger.
- a fluid delivery section for flowing a fluid outside the high pressure side heat exchanger to exchange heat between the refrigerant and the fluid in the high pressure side heat exchanger;
- a high-pressure refrigerant temperature detector that detects the condensation temperature of the refrigerant in the high-pressure heat exchanger or the temperature during cooling
- a high-pressure side heat exchanger inlet-side refrigerant temperature detection unit that detects the temperature of the refrigerant on the inlet side of the high-pressure side heat exchanger
- a high-pressure side heat exchanger outlet-side refrigerant temperature detection unit for detecting the temperature of the refrigerant on the outlet side of the high-pressure side heat exchanger
- a fluid temperature detection unit for detecting the temperature of any position of the fluid flowing outside the high pressure side heat exchanger
- a low-pressure refrigerant temperature detector that detects the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant in the low-pressure heat exchanger or the temperature during cooling
- An accumulator provided between the low pressure side heat exchanger and the compressor, and the control unit controls the expansion device to change the refrigerant flowing into the accumulator into a gas refrigerant, and the surplus refrigerant in the accumulator is changed to the high pressure side. It is characterized by the provision of a special operation mode for moving it into the heat exchanger.
- the air conditioner according to the present invention includes a timer inside the air conditioner, and the control unit has a function of entering a special operation mode at regular intervals by the timer.
- control unit is operated from outside by wire or wireless. It has a function of entering the special operation mode by a signal.
- the air conditioner according to the present invention is characterized by using a CO refrigerant.
- the air conditioner according to the present invention has the above-described configuration to accurately determine whether the air conditioner is normal or abnormal with high accuracy under any environmental conditions and installation conditions. Abnormality judgment and pipe clogging can be detected at an early stage, and a highly reliable air conditioner can be obtained.
- Fig. 1-6 is a diagram showing Embodiment 1
- Fig. 1 is a configuration diagram of the air conditioner
- Fig. 2 is a p_h diagram at the time of refrigerant leakage
- Fig. 3 is a relationship diagram of SC / dT and NTU
- Fig. 4 Is the relationship between SC / dT and NTU at the time of refrigerant leakage
- Fig. 5 is a flowchart of the operation
- Fig. 6 is a diagram showing the SC calculation method at the supercritical point.
- Fig. 1 the compressor 1, the four-way valve 2 that switches as indicated by the solid line during the cooling operation, and the broken line during the heating operation, and the high-pressure side heat exchanger (condenser) during the cooling operation.
- an outdoor heat exchanger 3 that functions as a low-pressure side heat exchanger (evaporator) and a fluid delivery unit that supplies air as an example of fluid to the outdoor heat exchanger 3 are provided.
- An outdoor fan 4 as an outlet, an expansion device 5a that expands high-temperature and high-pressure liquid condensed in the condenser to produce a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant, and a low-pressure side heat exchanger
- An indoor heat exchanger 7 that functions as a high-pressure side heat exchanger (condenser) during heating operation, and an indoor blower 8 as a fluid detection unit that supplies air to the indoor heat exchanger 7
- Connecting pipe 6 connecting the indoor unit to the outdoor unit, and connecting pipe 9 is a refrigeration cycle 20 having a heat pump function capable of supplying heat obtained by heat exchange with outdoor air to the room.
- air is an object of heat absorption of the refrigerant condensation heat
- the supply device of the heat absorption target may be water, refrigerant, brine, or the like.
- the refrigeration cycle 20 includes a compressor outlet temperature sensor that detects the temperature on the discharge side of the compressor 1.
- 201 High-pressure side heat exchanger inlet side refrigerant temperature detection unit
- An outdoor unit two-phase temperature sensor 202 (a high-pressure refrigerant temperature detection unit during cooling operation and a low-pressure refrigerant temperature detection unit during heating operation) is provided to detect the condensation temperature during the cooling operation of the outdoor heat exchanger 3.
- an outdoor heat exchanger outlet temperature sensor 204 (a high-pressure side heat exchanger outlet-side refrigerant temperature detection unit during cooling operation) is provided. These temperature sensors are provided so as to be inserted into or inserted into the refrigerant pipe and detect the refrigerant temperature.
- the outdoor ambient temperature is detected by an outdoor temperature sensor 203 (fluid temperature detector).
- the indoor heat exchanger inlet temperature sensor 205 (high-pressure side heat exchanger outlet side refrigerant temperature detection unit during heating operation) is provided at the refrigerant inlet side during cooling operation of the indoor heat exchanger 7 during cooling operation.
- an indoor unit two-phase temperature sensor 207 (low-pressure refrigerant temperature detection unit during cooling operation, high-pressure refrigerant temperature detection unit during heating operation) is provided, and the outdoor unit two-phase temperature sensor 202 and outdoor heat It is arranged in the same way as the exchanger outlet temperature sensor 204.
- the ambient temperature in the room is detected by an indoor unit suction temperature sensor 206 (fluid temperature detector).
- Each amount detected by the temperature sensor is input to the measurement unit 101 and processed by the calculation unit 102.
- the operation comparison unit 108 is configured by the operation unit 102, the storage unit 104, and the comparison unit 105.
- Figure 2 shows the change in the refrigeration cycle when the air condition, compressor frequency, throttle opening, outdoor fan, and indoor fan control amount are fixed and only the amount of refrigerant charged is reduced with the same system configuration. This is shown on the ph diagram. Since the higher the pressure of the refrigerant, the higher the density of the liquid phase, the higher the density of the enclosed refrigerant in the condenser. When the amount of refrigerant decreases Since the volume of liquid refrigerant in the condenser is reduced, it is clear that there is a large correlation between the supercooling degree (SC) of the liquid phase of the condenser and the amount of refrigerant.
- SC supercooling degree
- Non-Patent Document 1 From the relational expression of the heat balance of the heat exchanger (Non-Patent Document 1), the non-dimensional expression of Expression (1) can be derived by solving for the liquid phase region of the condenser.
- Figure 3 shows the relationship of equation (1).
- SC is a value obtained by subtracting the condenser outlet temperature (the detection value of the outdoor heat exchanger outlet temperature sensor 204) from the condensation temperature (the detection value of the outdoor unit two-phase temperature sensor 202).
- dT is a value obtained by subtracting the outdoor temperature (detected value of outdoor temperature sensor 203) from the condensation temperature.
- NTU on the right side of Equation (1) is the number of moving units on the refrigerant side and is represented by Equation (3).
- NTU (K XA) / (G XC) '' (3)
- K is the heat transfer rate [J / s'm 2 'K] of the heat exchanger
- A is the heat transfer area [m 2 ] of the liquid phase
- G is the mass flow rate of the refrigerant [kg / s]
- C is the constant pressure specific heat [J / kg'K] of the refrigerant.
- the heat transfer rate K is the force that includes the heat transfer area A of the liquid phase.
- Equation (4) an approximate heat balance equation for the air side and the refrigerant side of the entire condenser is expressed by Equation (4).
- A represents the heat transfer area [m 2 ] of the condenser
- ⁇ H is the enthalpy of the condenser inlet / outlet.
- the enthalpy at the condenser inlet is obtained from the compressor outlet temperature and the condensation temperature.
- Equation (3) if K is eliminated and rearranged, Equation (5) is obtained.
- NTU ( ⁇ H XA) / (dTcXA) --- (5)
- liquid phase heat transfer area A divided by the heat transfer area A of the condenser is defined by equation (6).
- a / A A% (6)
- NTU can be calculated from equation (5) using temperature information. Also condensed
- the liquid phase area ratio A% of the vessel can be expressed by equation (7).
- V is the volume [m 3 ]
- M is the mass of the refrigerant [kg]
- p is the density [kg / m 3 ].
- L represents the liquid phase and CON represents the condenser.
- Equation (8) [0041]
- the subscript EVAin indicates the evaporator inlet.
- Equation (9) Various correlation equations are used to obtain the average density p p of the two-phase region expressed by Equation (9).
- Non-patent Document 2 if the saturation temperature is constant, it is almost proportional to the mass flow rate G, and if the mass flow rate G is constant, it is almost proportional to the saturation temperature. Can be approximated by equation (10).
- Ts is the saturation temperature
- a b c de is a constant determined by the specifications of the air conditioner, such as the refrigerant filling amount, the volume of the heat exchanger, and the volume of the connecting pipe. Calculate A% from equation (12) and substitute into equation (5). NTU
- abcde in the formula (12) is a constant determined by the installation conditions such as the length of the connection pipe of the air conditioner, the height difference of the indoor unit and the outdoor unit, and the initial amount of the enclosed refrigerant. Performs the initial learning operation during the test operation, determines the above five unknowns, and records them in the storage unit 104.
- the specifications of the air conditioner and the amount of refrigerant charged are known, they may be determined in advance by performing a test or cycle simulation and recorded in the storage unit 104.
- the unknown number a b c d e in equation (12) represents the variable of the compressor such as T and ⁇ in the equation.
- a diagnostic operation of the air conditioner is performed in ST1.
- the diagnosis operation may be performed by an external operation signal in a wired or wireless manner, and the diagnosis operation may be automatically started after a preset time has elapsed.
- the control unit 103 controls the control unit 103 so that the low pressure of the refrigeration cycle falls within a predetermined range of the control target value set in advance so that the degree of superheat is generated at the evaporator outlet according to the rotation speed of the compressor 1. Control.
- the high pressure of the refrigeration cycle is controlled so as to be within a predetermined range of the preset control target value by the rotation speed of the compressor 1, and the refrigeration is controlled by the rotation speed of the outdoor fan 4.
- the control unit 103 controls the low pressure of the cycle to be within a predetermined range of the control target value set in advance so that the degree of superheat is generated at the evaporator outlet.
- the rotation speed of the compressor 1 may be a fixed rotation speed.
- the low pressure of the refrigeration cycle falls within a predetermined range of a preset control target value by opening the expansion device 5a.
- the control unit 103 controls as described above.
- the indoor blower 8 may have any rotational speed, but the higher the rotational speed, the easier the superheat in the evaporator during cooling operation, and the greater the degree of supercooling in the condenser during heating operation. Therefore, false detection of refrigerant leakage can be prevented.
- a stability determination is made as to whether the cycle state is controlled to a desired control target value. If the cycle state is stable, the control unit 103 determines whether or not the initial learning is performed in ST3. If the initial learning operation has not been performed, the process proceeds to the control unit, and the initial learning operation is performed.
- the initial learning operation is an operation for eliminating the influence of the installation conditions such as the length of the connecting pipe of the air conditioner described above, the height difference between the indoor unit and the outdoor unit, and the amount of the initially charged refrigerant.
- the current operating state is compared with the characteristics stored in the initial learning operation in ST7 to determine whether the air conditioner is normal or abnormal.
- the temperature information obtained by the measurement unit 101 is used to obtain the equation (12) By substituting into, the predicted value of the liquid phase area ratio A% can be calculated.
- An example of a measured value related to the amount of the liquid phase part of the refrigerant in the high pressure side heat exchanger is the value of the liquid phase temperature efficiency ⁇ (SC / dT) calculated from the temperature information, and the high pressure side heat Example of theoretical value related to the amount of refrigerant liquid phase in the exchanger Liquid phase temperature efficiency obtained from NTU ⁇ (1-EXP (-NTU))
- the rate of decrease of ⁇ relative to the theoretical value is output as an abnormal state level to an LED or the like, and if a threshold value is set for the abnormal state level and falls below the threshold value, the notification unit 107 issues and reports a refrigerant leak. .
- control target value cannot be controlled due to failure of the actuator or clogging in the piping system of the refrigeration cycle
- operation amount of the actuator is compared with the control target value, and the control unit 103 is To identify.
- the saturation temperature used in this detection algorithm may be the outdoor unit two-phase temperature sensor 202 or the indoor unit two-phase temperature sensor 207, or any of the flow paths from the compressor 1 to the expansion device 5a. Saturated from the pressure information of the low pressure detector that detects the pressure of the refrigerant at any position in the flow path from the low pressure side heat exchanger to the compressor 1 You can calculate the temperature. [0063] As a result, it is possible to accurately diagnose the normality and abnormality of equipment with high accuracy under any installation conditions and environmental conditions, and early detection of refrigerant leakage judgment, malfunction judgment of operating parts, and piping clogging by the judgment unit 106 Thus, it is possible to prevent device failure.
- the above is a description of a refrigerant that is in a two-phase state during the condensation process.
- the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle is a high-pressure refrigerant such as CO and changes its state at a pressure above the supercritical point.
- the intersection of the enthalpy at the critical point and the measured value of the pressure sensor is regarded as the saturation temperature and is calculated as SC from the outdoor heat exchanger outlet temperature sensor 204 as shown in Fig. 6. If this is the case, the SC will be smaller when the refrigerant leaks, and it will be possible to determine the refrigerant leak even if the condensation pressure exceeds the critical pressure.
- the refrigerant leakage can be detected by performing the same operation.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the second embodiment and is a configuration diagram of the air conditioning apparatus.
- the expansion device 5a upstream side expansion device
- the expansion device 5b downstream side expansion device
- It is a type of air conditioner that has a configuration that does not require additional refrigerant on-site.
- the air conditioner has a timer (not shown) inside and has a function of entering a special operation mode at regular intervals by the timer.
- the air conditioner has a function of entering a special operation mode by an operation signal from the outside by wire or wireless.
- FIGS. 8 and 9 are diagrams showing Embodiment 3
- FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of the air conditioner
- FIG. 9 is another configuration diagram of the air conditioner.
- the compressor has an accumulator 11 at the suction section, and the surplus refrigerant amount, which is the difference between the refrigerant amount required for cooling and heating, is stored in the accumulator 11, so no additional on-site refrigerant is required.
- It is a type of air conditioner.
- the expansion device 5a is used so that the superheat (SH) is sufficiently increased in the indoor heat exchanger 7.
- the air conditioner has a timer (not shown) inside and has a function of entering a special operation mode at regular intervals by the timer.
- the air conditioner has a function of entering a special operation mode by an operation signal from the outside by wire or wireless.
- the degree of superheat of the refrigerant is determined as the indoor unit outlet temperature. This can be obtained by subtracting the value detected by the indoor unit two-phase temperature sensor 207 from the value detected by the sensor 208. Therefore, if the desired degree of superheat is not present, the opening of the expansion device 5a can be further reduced. In this way, it is possible to realize an operating state with SH securely at the outlet of the evaporator, thus preventing erroneous detection of refrigerant leakage.
- FIG. 1 shows the first embodiment and is a configuration diagram of an air conditioner.
- FIG. 2 shows the first embodiment and is a ph diagram at the time of refrigerant leakage.
- FIG. 3 shows the first embodiment and is a diagram showing the relationship between SC / dT and NTU.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the first embodiment and is a relationship diagram between SC / dT and NTU at the time of refrigerant leakage.
- FIG. 5 shows the first embodiment and is a flowchart of the operation.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the first embodiment and is a diagram showing a method for calculating SC at a supercritical point.
- FIG. 7 shows the second embodiment and is a configuration diagram of the air conditioner.
- FIG. 8 shows the third embodiment and is a configuration diagram of the air conditioner.
- FIG. 9 shows the third embodiment and is another configuration diagram of the air conditioner.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US11/547,609 US7987679B2 (en) | 2005-02-24 | 2005-02-24 | Air conditioning apparatus |
ES05710633.8T ES2510665T3 (es) | 2005-02-24 | 2005-02-24 | Sistema de aire acondicionado |
JP2007504585A JP4503646B2 (ja) | 2005-02-24 | 2005-02-24 | 空気調和装置 |
CNB2005800064178A CN100513944C (zh) | 2005-02-24 | 2005-02-24 | 空调装置 |
PCT/JP2005/002982 WO2006090451A1 (ja) | 2005-02-24 | 2005-02-24 | 空気調和装置 |
EP05710633.8A EP1852664B1 (en) | 2005-02-24 | 2005-02-24 | Air conditioning system |
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PCT/JP2005/002982 WO2006090451A1 (ja) | 2005-02-24 | 2005-02-24 | 空気調和装置 |
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WO2006090451A1 true WO2006090451A1 (ja) | 2006-08-31 |
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US (1) | US7987679B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1852664B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4503646B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100513944C (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2510665T3 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006090451A1 (ja) |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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US7987679B2 (en) | 2011-08-02 |
EP1852664B1 (en) | 2014-08-06 |
EP1852664A4 (en) | 2009-04-15 |
JP4503646B2 (ja) | 2010-07-14 |
EP1852664A1 (en) | 2007-11-07 |
JPWO2006090451A1 (ja) | 2008-07-17 |
ES2510665T3 (es) | 2014-10-21 |
US20070204635A1 (en) | 2007-09-06 |
CN100513944C (zh) | 2009-07-15 |
CN1926392A (zh) | 2007-03-07 |
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