WO2006080186A1 - カートリッジを使用する検出装置 - Google Patents
カートリッジを使用する検出装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006080186A1 WO2006080186A1 PCT/JP2006/300136 JP2006300136W WO2006080186A1 WO 2006080186 A1 WO2006080186 A1 WO 2006080186A1 JP 2006300136 W JP2006300136 W JP 2006300136W WO 2006080186 A1 WO2006080186 A1 WO 2006080186A1
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- Prior art keywords
- cartridge
- detection
- liquid
- concentration
- substance
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N30/60—Construction of the column
- G01N30/6091—Cartridges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
- B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
- B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
- B01L3/5027—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip
- B01L3/502715—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip characterised by interfacing components, e.g. fluidic, electrical, optical or mechanical interfaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
- B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
- B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
- B01L3/5027—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip
- B01L3/50273—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip characterised by the means or forces applied to move the fluids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
- B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
- B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
- B01L3/5027—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip
- B01L3/502738—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip characterised by integrated valves
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L9/00—Supporting devices; Holding devices
- B01L9/52—Supports specially adapted for flat sample carriers, e.g. for plates, slides, chips
- B01L9/527—Supports specially adapted for flat sample carriers, e.g. for plates, slides, chips for microfluidic devices, e.g. used for lab-on-a-chip
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N30/60—Construction of the column
- G01N30/6095—Micromachined or nanomachined, e.g. micro- or nanosize
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2200/00—Solutions for specific problems relating to chemical or physical laboratory apparatus
- B01L2200/02—Adapting objects or devices to another
- B01L2200/026—Fluid interfacing between devices or objects, e.g. connectors, inlet details
- B01L2200/027—Fluid interfacing between devices or objects, e.g. connectors, inlet details for microfluidic devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
- B01L2300/06—Auxiliary integrated devices, integrated components
- B01L2300/0681—Filter
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
- B01L2300/08—Geometry, shape and general structure
- B01L2300/0809—Geometry, shape and general structure rectangular shaped
- B01L2300/0816—Cards, e.g. flat sample carriers usually with flow in two horizontal directions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
- B01L2300/08—Geometry, shape and general structure
- B01L2300/0861—Configuration of multiple channels and/or chambers in a single devices
- B01L2300/0874—Three dimensional network
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
- B01L2300/08—Geometry, shape and general structure
- B01L2300/0887—Laminated structure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2400/00—Moving or stopping fluids
- B01L2400/04—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means
- B01L2400/0475—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means specific mechanical means and fluid pressure
- B01L2400/0478—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means specific mechanical means and fluid pressure pistons
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/483—Physical analysis of biological material
- G01N33/487—Physical analysis of biological material of liquid biological material
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/10—Devices for transferring samples or any liquids to, in, or from, the analysis apparatus, e.g. suction devices, injection devices
- G01N35/1095—Devices for transferring samples or any liquids to, in, or from, the analysis apparatus, e.g. suction devices, injection devices for supplying the samples to flow-through analysers
- G01N35/1097—Devices for transferring samples or any liquids to, in, or from, the analysis apparatus, e.g. suction devices, injection devices for supplying the samples to flow-through analysers characterised by the valves
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a detection apparatus used for detection of a target substance contained in a liquid specimen.
- the present invention relates to a detection apparatus including a cartridge and a processing unit combined with the cartridge. More specifically, the present invention is for generating information related to the presence, concentration, composition, and other properties of a substance to be detected in a liquid object containing the substance to be detected.
- the present invention relates to a cartridge type detection apparatus comprising: a detection cartridge having a path; and a processing unit to which the cartridge can be connected and which generates information relating to a detected substance contained in a liquid sample passed through the cartridge.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-311829 discloses a card-type portable disposable analysis system.
- This analysis system comprises a card-type disposable inspection device having a sensor that detects at least one test value in human or animal body fluid and generates an output signal corresponding to the detection value, and receives a signal from the inspection device to perform processing.
- a portable analysis unit including an arithmetic processing unit and a display unit.
- a card-type disposable inspection tool is composed of two substrate covers that are liquid-tightly superimposed on each other with a thin partition plate in between.
- One of the substrates is provided on its inner surface with a passage for passing the body fluid of a person or animal to be examined, and a body fluid storage section so as to communicate with one end of the passage.
- the other end of the passage is provided with a body fluid injection hole that penetrates the substrate in the thickness direction.
- the sensor is provided on the inner surface of the other substrate.
- a recess for receiving a reagent container for sensor calibration and a second body fluid storage unit communicating with the body fluid storage unit provided on the one substrate through the opening of the partition plate are provided on the inner surface of the other substrate. It is done.
- the portable analysis unit has an insertion port for inserting an inspection tool, and when the inspection tool is inserted, the reagent container located in the reagent container receiving recess is broken and flows to the sensor, and the actual analysis is performed. Prior to the calibration of the sensor. After that, human or animal body fluid is injected from the body fluid injection port and flows to the sensor through the passage formed on the inner surface of the substrate. Is performed. The electrical signal generated by the measurement is sent to the analysis unit and processed by the arithmetic processing unit, and the analysis result is displayed on the display unit.
- This analysis system is simple and can be inspected in the field, and the body fluid to be examined can be directly injected with an injector such as a syringe, so that the body fluid to be examined should not touch the atmosphere.
- an injector such as a syringe
- the test object is a high-concentration liquid such as a human or animal body fluid, and cannot be used for concentration measurement or chromatographic analysis of a very small amount of a detected substance such as harmful heavy metals contained in soil.
- US Patent No. 6, 110, 354 discloses an analyzer equipped with a micro-band electrode array used for analysis of drinking water, waste water, and biological fluids such as blood and urine.
- the principle of analysis is to detect the Faraday component of the current generated when the electrolyte liquid to be analyzed contacts the electrode.
- the structure shown as an example of this analyzer is a flat sensor with a flat substrate force.
- the main object of the present invention is to provide a detection device including a cartridge that can be used easily with few restrictions on a detection target and a use place, and a processing unit that is used in combination with the cartridge. Objective.
- Another object of the present invention is to be used for a concentration detection apparatus, liquid chromatographic analysis, immunoassay (Immuno-Assay), and other methods for detecting a liquid analyte containing a substance to be detected. It is providing the detection apparatus which can do.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a simple detection device that is convenient to carry using a cartridge.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a portable cartridge-type detection device having a structure capable of accommodating a flow channel pipe for flowing a liquid necessary for detection extremely compactly.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a concentration detection apparatus that can perform concentration detection without hindrance even if the concentration of a substance to be detected contained in a subject is extremely small.
- Still another object of the present invention is to provide a cartridge type portable simple detection device that can easily perform analysis such as chromatographic analysis of a liquid specimen even at a sample collection site. .
- Another object of the present invention is to easily carry out concentration detection, liquid chromatographic analysis, analysis by immunoassay, and other detection at any place where there are no restrictions on the inspection place. Is to provide a simple analyzer.
- an additional object of the present invention is to provide a detection cartridge and Z or processing unit for use in the above-described cartridge type detection device and Z or analysis device.
- the present invention is connectable to a detection cartridge having a flow path for passing a test liquid containing a target substance, and the cartridge.
- a cartridge type detection device comprising a processing unit for generating information on a substance to be detected contained in a test liquid passed through the inside.
- the detection cartridge includes a storage unit that temporarily stores a substance to be detected, at least a part of the detection mechanism, a liquid channel that passes through one or both of the storage unit and at least a part of the detection mechanism, and the liquid flow With multiple ports leading to the road.
- the term “detection” means generating information related to the presence, concentration, composition or other properties of the detected substance, such as quantitative and / or qualitative analysis. Includes analysis.
- the processing unit includes a reagent tank and a liquid feed pump.
- the combination of the detection cartridge and the processing unit allows the test liquid supplied into the cartridge to pass through the reservoir and be discharged out of the detection cartridge, and the reagent.
- the liquid channel that is supplied from one port of the detection cartridge to the storage unit by the stratified liquid pump and continuously passes through the storage unit and at least a part of the detection mechanism can be switched.
- the test liquid can be supplied to the detection cartridge independently of the processing unit.
- the test liquid supplied to the detection cartridge reaches the storage part, where the target substance contained in the test liquid is temporarily stored in the storage part.
- a modified configuration may be used. With this configuration, the substance to be detected is attached and held on the material forming the reservoir. The remaining test solution that has passed through the reservoir is sent out of the cartridge from the above-described port of the detection cartridge.
- a waste liquid reservoir is formed in the detection cartridge, and the test liquid from the reservoir is introduced into the waste liquid reservoir.
- the reagent is also fed into the detection cartridge by the liquid feeding pump force of the processing unit, and is allowed to pass through the reservoir.
- This reagent has an action of eluting the substance to be detected held in the reservoir by chemical reaction or adsorption.
- the substance to be detected held in the storage part is eluted from the storage part, and flows in the cartridge to the downstream side together with the reagent in a form contained in the reagent.
- the reagent containing the substance to be detected is temporarily detected in the flow path outside the cartridge and enters the cartridge again, and the detection mechanism provided on the downstream side through the internal flow path in the cartridge without exiting the cartridge. It flows toward.
- the reagent tank arranged in the processing unit can be connected to a liquid feed pump.
- a tank switching valve mechanism may be provided in order to arrange a plurality of reagent tanks in the processing unit and connect a desired one of the plurality of reagent tanks to the liquid feed pump. it can.
- a waste liquid tank can be arranged in the processing unit, and the liquid produced by the detection cartridge can be guided to this waste liquid tank.
- the test liquid supplied into the cartridge passes through the reservoir and is discharged out of the detection cartridge in a state where the detection cartridge is not installed in the processing unit.
- the reagent is supplied from one port of the detection cartridge to the storage unit by the liquid feed pump, and the storage unit and the detection mechanism And at least a part of the liquid flow path are formed.
- a valve mechanism for switching these liquid flow paths can be provided, and the valve mechanism can be disposed in the processing unit.
- the detection apparatus according to the present invention can be applied to detection of various substances.
- the detection device is a concentration detection device that provides information related to the concentration of the detection substance contained in the test solution.
- the detection cartridge generates an electrical signal related to the concentration of the substance to be detected.
- the test solution is formed by dissolving a sample such as soil or mud containing a trace amount of a substance to be detected in water or other liquid.
- a detection cartridge when the present invention is applied to a concentration detection apparatus includes a test liquid introduction part for introducing a test liquid in which a test substance is dissolved, and a liquid flow from the test liquid introduction part. Road.
- the reservoir is disposed in the liquid channel.
- the storage unit is configured as a concentration unit that concentrates and holds the detection target substance in the test solution.
- This concentrating part can be configured in the form of a filter having the ability to adsorb the substance to be detected.
- the detection mechanism provided in the detection cartridge has a detection electrode configuration.
- the substance to be detected adsorbed by the filter is sent to the detection electrode configuration that constitutes a detection mechanism by eluting into the eluent supplied as a reagent. When the eluent eluted from the substance to be detected reaches the detection electrode configuration, a detection electric signal is generated at the electrode.
- the processing unit includes a reading unit that reads the electric signal of the cartridge force and generates information related to the concentration of the substance to be detected.
- the detection cartridge in this mode can be configured to have a waste liquid reservoir, and in this case, a liquid flow path from the test liquid introduction part to the waste liquid reservoir is provided.
- the reading unit includes processing means for receiving and processing an electrical signal from the cartridge and generating information relating to the concentration of the substance to be detected in the subject.
- the processing unit can optionally be provided with a display unit for displaying the detection result.
- the cartridge type concentration detection apparatus can be used for detection of heavy metals contained in soil, mud and the like.
- the detection cartridge generates an electric signal related to the concentration of heavy metal in the test liquid containing heavy metal in the electrode configuration, and the electric signal from the cartridge is read by the reading unit to be covered. It is configured to generate information about the concentration of the detected substance.
- the cartridge-type concentration detection device for detecting the concentration of heavy metal communicates with the test liquid introduction part for introducing the test liquid and the test liquid introduction part as described above.
- a liquid flow channel, a reservoir functioning as a concentration portion for concentration of the test solution disposed in the liquid flow channel from the test fluid introduction portion, and a detection electrode configuration are provided.
- the storage section that is, the concentration section includes an adsorption carrier that is arranged in the flow path and acts to adsorb heavy metal, and the concentration section elutes the heavy metal adsorbed on the adsorption carrier.
- the heavy metal adsorbed on the adsorption carrier is dissolved in a predetermined amount of eluent from the eluent supply part, and the detection electrode An electrical signal related to the concentration of the substance to be detected is generated on the detection electrode by being brought into contact with the structure.
- the storage section that is, the concentration section of the cartridge receives the test liquid from the test liquid introducing section and is included in the test liquid.
- An adsorption carrier that acts to adsorb a substance, and an eluent that elutes the substance to be detected adsorbed on the adsorption carrier is passed through the adsorption carrier toward the electrode configuration for detection
- the eluent supply unit is combined, and the detected substance adsorbed on the adsorption carrier is dissolved in a predetermined amount of eluent from the eluent supply part and brought into contact with the detection electrode configuration, thereby detecting the concentration of the detected substance.
- An electrical signal related to is generated in the detection electrode configuration! /.
- the detection force cartridge is introduced into the test liquid introduction part for introducing the test liquid in which the test substance is dissolved, and introduced into the test liquid introduction part.
- a concentration section for concentrating the test liquid thus formed, a detection electrode configuration, and a flow path for connecting the test liquid introduction section, the concentration section, and the detection electrode configuration are provided.
- the concentration unit includes an adsorption carrier that acts to receive the test liquid from the test liquid introduction unit and to adsorb the target substance contained in the test liquid.
- the concentration unit is combined with an eluent supply unit that allows an eluent that dissolves the substance to be detected adsorbed on the adsorption carrier to flow through the adsorption carrier toward the detection electrode.
- a valve mechanism is provided, and the valve mechanism opens a test liquid introduction flow path from the test liquid introduction section to the concentration section and closes the eluate supply flow path from the eluent supply section to the concentration section. Between the position for use and the eluent supply position that closes the test liquid introduction flow path from the test liquid introduction section to the concentration section and opens the eluent supply flow path from the eluent supply section to the concentration section. The road can be switched.
- Eluent supply at the eluent supply position In order to send the eluent from the part to the concentrating part, a liquid feed pump means is provided.
- the detected substance adsorbed on the adsorption carrier is dissolved in a predetermined amount of the eluent from the eluent supply unit and brought into contact with the detection electrode configuration, thereby adjusting the concentration of the detected substance.
- An associated electrical signal is generated at the detection electrode configuration.
- the eluent supply section, the nozzle mechanism, and the liquid feed pump means can be provided in the casing of the processing unit.
- the cartridge is formed with a discharge channel for discharging the test liquid after passing through the adsorption carrier to the outside of the cartridge, and a waste liquid reservoir for storing the eluent after passing through the electrode configuration.
- the discharge flow path is opened and the flow path between the electrode configuration and the waste liquid reservoir is closed, and at the eluent supply stage, the discharge flow path is closed and the electrode configuration and the waste liquid reservoir are closed.
- the flow path between them can be opened.
- the adsorption carrier may be in any form of a membrane, fine particles, or a porous body.
- the adsorption carrier can be a cationic substance adsorption carrier.
- the adsorption carrier can be formed by treating the material constituting the carrier with a sulfonic acid group.
- the adsorption carrier can be a char-on substance adsorption carrier.
- the adsorption carrier can be formed by treating the material constituting the carrier with a quaternary amine group.
- the adsorption carrier can be formed by treating the material constituting the carrier with a heavy metal accepting substance.
- the heavy metal accepting substance can be any one of a chelate substance, an inclusion body, and a heavy metal adsorbing substance.
- the chelator can be either iminodiacetic acid or ethylene diamine groups.
- the inclusion body can be either porphyrin or calixarene.
- the heavy metal adsorbing substance can be any of apoenzyme and heavy metal adsorbing antibody.
- the cartridge can be formed in a card shape, and the processing unit in this case preferably forms an insertion portion for inserting the card-shaped cartridge into the casing.
- the electrode configuration preferably includes at least one microelectrode element having a dimension not greater than 10 m. In this case, it is preferable to form the microelectrode element by disposing an insulating sheet on the upper surface of the electrode element and forming a hole having a dimension not larger than 10 m in the insulating sheet.
- the electrode configuration includes a plurality of working electrode elements, at least one counter electrode element, and at least one reference electrode element. The plurality of working electrode elements have different areas and different concentration ranges. Can be made to work for the measurement of.
- the electrode configuration may include at least one working electrode element, at least one counter electrode element, and at least one reference electrode element.
- the concentrating part constituting the storage part has a configuration in which a cation adsorbing carrier that adsorbs a cationic substance and an anion adsorbing carrier that adsorbs an anionic substance are arranged in parallel, and an electrode configuration that serves as a detection mechanism is: Two sets of electrodes can be included, and each set of electrodes can correspond to a cation adsorbing carrier and a key-on adsorbing carrier, respectively.
- the detection force cartridge includes a test liquid introduction part for introducing a test liquid to be a concentration detection target and a liquid connected to the test liquid introduction part.
- a specific substance contained in the test liquid by internally providing a flow path and a concentration detection electrode configuration disposed in the liquid flow path, and bringing the test liquid into contact with the concentration detection electrode configuration in the liquid flow path
- An electrical signal related to the concentration of the gas is generated by the electrode configuration for detecting the concentration.
- the electrode configuration includes a plurality of working electrode elements, at least one counter electrode element, and at least one reference electrode element, the plurality of working electrode elements having different areas and having different concentration ranges.
- the detection force cartridge has a flat card shape, and the casing is provided with an insertion portion for inserting the card-like cartridge.
- This cartridge includes a test liquid introduction part for introducing a test liquid to be a concentration detection target, a liquid channel connected to the test liquid introduction part, and a concentration detection electrode configuration arranged in the liquid channel.
- an electric signal related to the concentration of a specific substance contained in the test liquid is generated by the concentration detection electrode configuration by flowing the test solution on the concentration detection electrode configuration in the liquid channel. ing.
- This cartridge has a first sheet material made of resin in which a concave portion constituting at least a part of a liquid flow path is formed on one surface, a through hole and a detection electrode configuration constituting a test liquid introduction portion.
- An electrode element having a detection electrode configuration is disposed in the electrode housing recess of the second sheet, and the second sheet and the third sheet are laminated so that the electrode element faces the third sheet.
- a hole exposing the required area of the electrode is formed in a portion corresponding to the electrode element, and on the side facing the second sheet of the third sheet.
- a liquid flow path for guiding the test liquid to the electrode element is formed.
- the first sheet of the cartridge can be formed with a recess constituting a waste liquid reservoir for storing the waste liquid from the electrode element on the side facing the second sheet.
- the concentration channel for concentrating and storing the substance to be detected since the concentration channel for concentrating and storing the substance to be detected is provided in the fluid flow path of the detection cartridge, the substance to be detected has a very low concentration. Even so, concentration detection can be performed without any problem. If soil is contaminated with harmful heavy metals, etc., even if the concentration is extremely low, it is subject to regulation. Conventionally, it was considered impossible to detect such extremely low-concentration substances in the field, but if the cartridge-type concentration detection device according to this aspect of the present invention is used, the soil to be examined is collected. This makes it easy to detect contaminants at the locations where they are used. In this case, the test solution may be formed by dissolving the sample soil.
- the concentration unit for concentrating the substance to be detected preferably includes an adsorption carrier that adsorbs the substance to be detected, but may be based on another concentration principle. For example, there is a concentration method by evaporating liquid components by heating, a method using a reverse osmosis membrane, etc.
- the concentration detection apparatus is a substance that generates electrical information related to the concentration of the substance to be detected at the electrode when the liquid containing the substance to be detected contacts the detection electrode. If it exists, it can be applied to the concentration detection of any substance.
- an electrode configuration to be used typically, an electrode composed of a working electrode, a counter electrode, and a reference electrode is usually used.
- the working electrode is an electrode that adsorbs a substance to be detected and releases the substance to be detected into the eluent when it comes into contact with the eluent.
- the desired conditions for the working electrode are a wide range of potentials that can be applied, that is, a wide potential window, and resistance to corrosion and acid.
- the potential window is the electrochemically unfavorable generation of hydrogen ions or the formation of an acid film. This range is different depending on the electrode material and the pH value of the solution to be measured.
- Preferred materials for use as the working electrode are platinum, gold, mercury, silver, bismuth, carbon, and the like. In forming the working electrode, these materials may be appropriately selected. However, a material that easily adsorbs a substance to be detected as a measurement target is preferable. When the substances to be detected are cadmium, lead and mercury, use an electrode with a carbon surface as the working electrode, and use an electrode with a gold surface as the working electrode for measuring arsenic and mercury. Is appropriate. For detection of hexavalent chromium, an electrode having a carbon surface may be used. This is because an electrode having a carbon surface has a property of adsorbing an aggregate of hexavalent chromium and diphenylcarbazide well.
- the electrode having a carbon surface is preferably a carbon electrode having a graphite-Z glassy carbon ratio of 70Z30 and a single-bon sintered body.
- graphite is easy to adsorb lead, cadmium, mercury, etc., but it is difficult to align the orientation of the crystal, so there is a problem that the adsorption of substances varies and the liquid that comes into contact swells. is there.
- the sintered body can be densified and liquid permeation can be suppressed.
- the glassy carbon can randomize the orientation direction of the graphite, thereby making it possible to extremely reduce the variation in adsorption.
- the above-mentioned sintered body with a graphite Z glassy force / bon ratio of about 70Z30 is convenient for forming a working electrode with high sensitivity and good reproducibility.
- the material of the electrode having a gold surface there are no particular limitations on the material of the electrode having a gold surface.
- a working electrode that operates satisfactorily can be obtained by using a structure in which gold is coated on a glass substrate via a chromium layer.
- the chromium and gold films can be formed by sputtering.
- the thickness of the film there is no particular limitation on the thickness of the film, but the chromium layer may be about 40 nm and the gold layer should be about 400 nm.
- the counter electrode is for flowing a current between the working electrode. Any conductive material can be used as the counter electrode.
- the reference electrode is an electrode that can be used as a reference of potential by showing a known stable potential.
- Typical reference electrodes in this case include a hydrogen electrode, a saturated calomel electrode (water Silver, silver salt, mercury electrode) and silver halide electrode.
- a silver z silver halide electrode there is a silver silver chloride electrode in which a silver surface forms silver chloride by an equilibrium reaction with a solution containing chlorine. In this electrode, even when a voltage is applied, the equilibrium state between silver and silver salt is always maintained, so that the developed potential is always constant and can be used as a reference electrode.
- Silver / silver bromide electrodes and silver'silver iodide electrodes can also be used, but silver'silver chloride electrodes are preferred from the viewpoint of versatility of the materials and the cost.
- the size of the electrode is not particularly limited.
- the electrode has a rectangular flat shape of 3x8.4 mm and a thickness of 0.5 mm, and is about 1 to 2.5 mm in diameter.
- a sheet such as a double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape with a small hole can be attached and the electrode surface having a predetermined area can be exposed.
- the electrode may be formed directly on the cartridge substrate so that a thin plate-like pre-formed electrode material is attached to the cartridge substrate, which is preferable in terms of ease of molding and attachment.
- Detection is most commonly by electrochemical measurements.
- the reaction on the electrode is faster than the mass transfer in the solution, so there is a delay in response due to the mass transfer rate called solution resistance, and the peak becomes unclear.
- the mass transfer in question changes from surface diffusion to point diffusion, and the response delay per unit area is mitigated. Therefore, the smaller peak of the peak can be discriminated and the sensitivity is improved.
- the minor axis dimension of the electrode is 10 m or less.
- a large total current can be obtained by arranging a large number of such electrodes in an array.
- microelectrodes of this size can be produced by forming an insulating layer on the electrode material and providing a hole smaller than 10 m in the insulating layer.
- the same effect can be exhibited even when the comb electrode has a shape in which working electrodes and counter electrodes smaller than 10 m are alternately arranged.
- the charging current for raising the working electrode to a predetermined potential as much as possible.
- an appropriate electrolyte can be added for that purpose.
- Any substance that forms a salt in solution Strong salt potassium, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, potassium nitrate, sodium hydroxide, etc. are preferred from the viewpoint of price.
- the potential window of the working electrode has a property that shifts to the negative side or the positive side depending on the pH.By adjusting the pH with an electrolyte, the maximum possible hydrogen generation and action in the potential range to be measured. It can prevent problems such as the formation of the finest oxygen film.
- the eluent described below is typically a solution containing an electrolyte.
- elution ability detection can be performed continuously.
- piping and operation can be simplified, and it is not necessary to manage the mixing ratio and mixing speed of the solution.
- the space where the flow path electrode is provided is extremely small as in the concentration detector of the present invention. In some cases, it is difficult to control the absolute volume of the solution, and it is extremely important to be able to perform elution and electrochemical measurements using only one type of solution.
- the reference electrode activation liquid is brought into contact with the printed silver, and a very weak current is passed through the reference electrode, thereby generating salty silver on the printed silver and acting as a reference electrode. This is to make it happen.
- the reference electrode activation liquid generally contains an appropriate amount of chlorine.
- the preferred chlorine content is 0.05M to 3M. If the content is too small, the formation of silver chloride becomes unstable, and if it is too large, the solid matter is precipitated, making it difficult to handle.
- the activation solution can be prepared by dissolving a predetermined amount of salt potassium, salt sodium, etc. in water.
- the reference electrode is required to have an electrical interaction between the working electrode and the counter electrode. Therefore, the reference electrode activation liquid needs to be in contact with the eluent.
- one of the purposes of using the electroreference electrode active electrolyte separately from the eluent is to prevent chlorine from interfering during electrochemical measurements. That is, since it is necessary to prevent the reference electrode activation liquid from flowing into the working electrode part, a reference electrode chamber is provided separately to form a structure in which the reference electrode chamber and the eluent are connected by a liquid path. Keep it. It is preferable that the liquid channel be a fine channel so that molecular diffusion does not occur easily.
- a structure in which the reference electrode chamber and the eluent are separated by a porous membrane may be used, but in this case, it takes a certain amount of time for the reference electrode active liquid to penetrate into the porous membrane. Therefore, in the case of detecting the substance to be detected in a short time as in the present invention, the fine channel is more preferable.
- a reference electrode is installed in the reference electrode chamber, and the reference electrode activation liquid is preliminarily included in the reference electrode quality, or the reference electrode activation liquid is supplied as necessary. It is desirable to keep it.
- the reference electrode activation liquid When the reference electrode activation liquid is mounted on the detection cartridge in advance, the reference electrode activation liquid may be sealed in an aluminum pack or the like in order to prevent the solid substance from precipitating due to the evaporation of the liquid. Useful.
- Some adsorbent carriers need to pass a liquid that activates the adsorbent carrier before allowing the sample liquid to pass through.
- a liquid that activates the adsorbent carrier For example, quaternary amines that adsorb arsenic, selenium, and hexavalent chromium have the ability to exert adsorption performance when they come into contact with OH- ions. Is to be used.
- an adsorption carrier activation liquid is used.
- sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or the like is used as the adsorption carrier activation liquid.
- the adsorption carrier is provided in the channel on the upstream side of the electrode configuration.
- the adsorption carrier may be in the form of a membrane, fine particles, or a porous material, or a combination thereof.
- the present invention can also be applied to chromatographic analysis, immunoassay, and other detections, and the adsorbent support may be appropriately selected according to the purpose. Below, each form is demonstrated concretely.
- the filter is formed mainly by fibers.
- An appropriate hole may be formed in a polymer film or a metal film.
- the substance to be measured And those having a similar adsorption function by modifying the surface with a functional group, and those having a fiber carrying a specific function.
- Fine particles Some of these structures have the function of adsorbing the substance to be measured depending on the shape of the fine particle surface, but also have the same adsorption function by modifying the fine particle surface with functional groups. Chromatography can be performed by packing the fine particles in a column extending over about 10 mm in the longitudinal direction of the flow path.
- the filling shape can be either rectangular parallelepiped or cylindrical.
- a carrier having a large number of communication holes examples include monolithic porous inorganic materials such as porous ceramics and porous glass, or polyacrylamide gels, styrene dibulene benzene copolymers, and the like. Some have a function to adsorb the substance to be measured depending on the form of the surface of the communication hole, and others have the same adsorption function by modifying the surface of the communication hole with a functional group. In the case where the carrier having the communication hole has an integral structure, this is hereinafter referred to as a monolith. If the length is smaller than the length that can be chromatographed, this is called a monolith disc, and the length that can be chromatographed is called a monolith column.
- Monolithic columns can be passed at a relatively low pressure compared to a resin packed column, so low-pressure pumps can be used, and even instruments with the same analytical performance can be made smaller and lower in size. Power consumption can be achieved.
- Monolithic discs can be sent at low pressure for the same reason, which makes it easier to reduce the size of the equipment. Since both the monolith column and the monolith disk have an integrated structure, they are easy to handle when installed in a cartridge type microreactor.
- Examples of the material constituting the adsorption carrier include styrene-dibutylbenzene copolymer, polymethacrylate resin, polyhydroxymethacrylate resin, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene, polypropylene, and ethylene-propylene copolymer.
- Polyolefins typified by, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymers, olefins typified by ethylene monochlorotrifluoroethylene copolymers, halogenated fluoroolefin copolymers, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride , Represented by polychlorinated trifluoroethylene, etc.
- Examples include rogenized polyolefin and polysulfone, silica, and alumina.
- fibrous adsorption carriers cellulosic materials, plant fibers such as cotton and hemp, various natural fibers typified by animal fibers such as silk and wool, recycled fibers, polyester fibers and polyamide fibers, etc. Fibrous materials such as various synthetic fibers are used.
- the surface of the adsorption carrier In order for the surface of the adsorption carrier to have an adsorption function for the substance to be measured, the surface has a complementary structure to the substance to be measured, or an ionic bond, a coordinate bond, a chelate bond, a hydrophobic property Make sure that the functional molecules that cause interactions, intermolecular polar interactions, etc. are fixed.
- Examples of the functional molecule having an interaction include a sulfo group, a quaternary ammonium group, an octadecyl group, an octyl group, a butyl group, an amino group, a trimethyl group, a cyanopropyl group, an aminopropyl group, and a nitrophenol.
- -Ruethyl group pyrethyl group, jetylaminoethyl group, sulfopropyl group, carboxyl group, carboxymethyl group, sulfochichetyl group, orthophosphate group, jetyl (2-hydroxypropyl) aminoethyl group, phenol group, Iminodiacetic acid group, ethylenediamine, chelate-forming group containing sulfur atom, for example, various mercapto groups, dithiocarbamate groups, thiourea groups, functional groups such as avidin, piotin, gelatin, heparin, lysine, nicotinamide adenine Dinucleotide, Protein A, Protein G, Fealanine, Castor Merekuchin, dextran sulfate, adenosine 5 'phosphate, glutathione, Echirenjiamin diacetate, Procion Red, Aminofue - Ruhou acid, bovine serum albumin, poly
- the eluent is for separating the substance to be detected adsorbed on the adsorption carrier from the adsorption carrier.
- the effective eluent varies depending on the type of adsorption. Select the eluent based on the chemical characteristics of adsorption. For example, a solution containing ions that are easily adsorbed on the surface of an adsorbent carrier, and when the solution passes through the adsorbent carrier, the component to be measured in the form of ions already adsorbed on the adsorbent carrier is contained in the eluent. By exchanging with ions Thus, the component to be measured can be detached from the adsorption carrier.
- an eluent having the following composition can be used depending on the substance to be detected.
- TM cadmium, lead, and mercury
- TM Empor
- Cation-SR Cation-SR
- 0.4M potassium chloride is used as the eluent.
- This adsorption carrier is a film having a thickness of 0.5 to 0.75 mm obtained by fixing fine particles having a particle size of 50 to 100 m to fibrous Teflon (registered trademark). It is composed of 10% fine particles and 90% fibrous Teflon (registered trademark). The surface of the fine particles is formed with sulfonic acid groups.
- TM hexavalent chromium
- This adsorption carrier is also a film having a thickness of 0.5 to 0.75 mm, in which fine particles having a particle diameter of ⁇ -100 m are fixed to fibrous Teflon (registered trademark). A quaternary ammine group is formed on the fine particle surface.
- Some adsorbent carriers need to be passed through a liquid that activates the adsorbent carrier before allowing the sample liquid to pass through.
- a liquid that activates the adsorbent carrier For example, quaternary amines that adsorb arsenic, selenium, and hexavalent chromium have the ability to exert adsorption performance when they come into contact with OH- ions. This is a reaction in which the target anions replace OH- ions. Is to be used.
- an adsorption carrier activation liquid is used.
- sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or the like is used as the adsorption carrier activation liquid.
- the size of the adsorption carrier can be freely determined as long as the adsorption capacity of the adsorption carrier is not saturated when adsorbing the target component.
- the size of the adsorption carrier is determined by assuming in advance how much the substance containing the substance to be measured contains a substance that can be adsorbed on the adsorption carrier.
- the adsorption capacity of the adsorption carrier is small, it is easy to increase the concentration ratio, but it is likely to be saturated adsorption, so it is necessary to make the adsorption carrier large enough to obtain a desired adsorption capacity.
- a chromatographic action is expected in the adsorption section, it is necessary to form a column shape having a length of at least 10 mm in the flow path direction.
- the porosity of the adsorption carrier, the size of the communication hole, and the like are determined within a range in which contact with the solution can be reliably performed and clogging does not become a problem.
- the roughness of the eyes is 0.
- the particle diameter is preferably about 2 to 50 m
- the communication hole in the case of a monolith column is preferably about 1 to 50 ⁇ m.
- the liquid feeding pressure required to allow the liquid to pass through is almost eliminated from the force.
- it is essential to reduce the size of the pump, and it is effective to reduce the liquid feeding pressure. From this viewpoint, it is preferable to take the form of a thin film structure.
- a microchannel In order to transport and store various liquids in the detection cartridge, a microchannel is formed.
- the flow path for transferring the liquid has a width on the order of several hundred m to several mm and is formed by a groove having a depth of several hundred / zm, and the cross-sectional area of the flow path is about 100 m 2 to lmm 2 It is preferable. If the flow path is too large, turbulent flow is likely to occur in the flow path, and the transport of the target substance is not uniform. If the flow path is too small, problems such as clogging of the flow path due to fine particles present in the flow path, and difficulty in removing bubbles may occur. In order to reliably transfer the liquid, the inside of the flow path may be hydrophilized. The hydrophilization treatment also has the effect of causing bubbles to stay.
- the cartridge be mechanically coupled to the casing of the reader.
- the casing of the processing unit has a position corresponding to the electrode or opening in the cartridge and the casing of the processing unit in order to obtain an arrangement that ensures that the terminal of the reading unit, the valve mechanism, and the inlet of various solutions are connected correctly. It is preferable to provide a holder that holds the cartridge in place.
- the cartridge and the casing are provided with a recess and a protrusion so as to be fitted in conformity with each other, and these engage with each other to securely hold the cartridge in the casing of the processing unit.
- Electrochemical detection is performed via a pin-like terminal fixed to the holder portion. These The terminal and the processing unit are connected in advance. This terminal is preferably provided at a position where the electrode is located when the cartridge is installed in the processing unit, and a panel is provided in the terminal so that the terminal can be expanded and contracted to ensure connection. With the cartridge installed in the holder, the terminal fixed to the holder in advance so as to be positioned above the electrode is surely in contact with the electrode by the force of the screw. A voltage is applied to these electrodes according to a preset measurement profile, a current flowing through the electrodes is detected, and a signal is sent to a recording or display unit.
- the liquid feeding function unit can be constituted by a liquid feeding pump, a valve mechanism that opens and closes an opening during liquid feeding, and an electronic substrate for controlling the pump and the valve mechanism.
- the valve mechanism is connected to a container in which the corresponding eluent, electrolyte solution, pretreatment liquid for adsorption carrier, washing water, etc. are stored.
- the liquid feed pump is preferably one that can stably feed a small amount of liquid and has a constant flow rate at which pulsation does not occur. It is preferable that a flow rate of about 5-100 ⁇ lZmin can be realized stably.
- the pressure at which the pump can send liquid is preferably 0.01 to 10 MPa.
- the main body is small, lightweight and consumes little power.
- An example of a pump that meets these conditions is a syringe pump.
- a suitable syringe pump is a pencil pump manufactured by UFLOW.
- the concentration detection apparatus which is one embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable to perform measurement while flowing a test solution containing a target substance at a constant flow rate during the measurement.
- a flow rate detecting means By flowing the solution, the number of heavy metal ions passing through the vicinity of the electrode surface per unit time increases, and as a result, the amount of the substance to be precipitated increases, so that measurement can be performed with high sensitivity. Become.
- the solution can be continuously updated at a constant flow rate, there is no need to consider the influence of the remaining amount of the adsorption carrier activation liquid, washing liquid, etc., or to manage the total volume of the solution. It becomes possible to perform a highly accurate analysis simply by managing only.
- measurement can be performed under appropriate conditions, and a common chip can be used for various analysis targets.
- the linear velocity of the flow of the test solution is controlled.
- the measurement target to be adsorbed on the electrode surface is changed by changing the electrode area or the width and depth of the flow path in which the electrode is stored for each electrode.
- the amount of substance for each electrode it is possible to perform analysis in the low concentration range and high concentration range simultaneously. For example, if an electrode area with a diameter of lmm and a diameter of 2.5mm is used in combination, a sensitivity of about 19 times can be properly used. In this case, it is preferable to arrange a low concentration detection electrode on the upstream side of the flow path and a high concentration detection electrode on the downstream side.
- the present invention can also be configured as an analyzer for liquid chromatography analysis. That is, in another aspect of the present invention, the cartridge type detection device may use a detection cartridge for liquid chromatography analysis.
- the detection cartridge may be provided with a column for adjusting the test liquid and an absorbance measurement cell, and the processing unit supplies the light source and the light from the light source to the absorbance measurement cell of the cartridge.
- An incident optical system that directs the light, and a spectroscope that receives light that has passed through the absorbance measurement cell and generates information about the substance to be detected.
- Liquid chromatography analysis includes proteins, nucleic acid oligomers, DNA, RNA, peptides, pesticides, organic acid synthetic molecular oligomers, polymers, additives, monosaccharides, disaccharides, small sugars, polysaccharides, Saturated fatty acids, unsaturated fatty acids, glycerides, phospholipids, steroids, cation, cations and the like can be mentioned.
- the measurement principle is well known, and in the present invention, a method based on a known principle can be adopted.
- the reservoir in the case of liquid chromatography analysis may be configured in the same manner as in the case of the concentration detector.
- the processing unit includes a cartridge mounting portion to which the detection cartridge can be removably mounted and a reagent tank mounting portion to which the reagent tank can be removably mounted. it can.
- the cartridge can be equipped with a waste liquid port, and a waste liquid tank is provided in the processing unit to receive the waste liquid of cartridge power. Can.
- the pipe switching valve mechanism is configured to selectively switch and connect the waste liquid port of the cartridge to the waste liquid tank.
- the pipe switching valve mechanism and the tank switching valve mechanism can be disposed on the pipe switching valve plate and the tank switching valve plate, respectively.
- At least one of the pipe switching valve plate and the tank switching valve plate can have a structure in which a plurality of plate elements formed by plastic material injection molding or plate material cutting are stacked and fixed.
- at least one plate element is preliminarily formed with a required pattern of holes and flow channels required for liquid flow.
- the other plate element may or may not have holes and grooves.
- valve plate By configuring the valve plate in this way, it becomes possible to accommodate the piping for the necessary flow path in the compact. In addition, this configuration is useful for preventing mistakes in piping, finding clogged channels and leaks, and reducing the number of parts, which is advantageous from a manufacturing and maintenance perspective. Yes, it also has the advantage of being easy to replace. Furthermore, if the plate element is made of a transparent plastic material, there is an advantage that the visibility inside the plate is improved. In actual design, the valve plate can be as small as a few cubic centimeters, which provides the advantage that most of the required piping can be accommodated in this small space.
- Examples of the method for laminating and fixing the plate elements include a method using an adhesive or a pressure-sensitive adhesive, bonding by high temperature or ultrasonic waves, diffusion bonding, and the like.
- diffusion bonding the materials to be bonded are exposed to a high-temperature and high-pressure atmosphere, causing the material atoms to diffuse and create an integrated fusion on the bonding surface.
- Plastic materials to which diffusion bonding can be applied include acrylic resin, PEEK (polyether 'ether' ketone resin), and PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene).
- a power source including a power source and information processing means is provided in the housing of the processing unit.
- a child processing means can be incorporated.
- the plurality of reagent tanks may be a cleaning liquid tank, an activation liquid tank, and an eluent tank. When the eluent is passed through the liquid flow path in the cartridge, it elutes the substance to be detected temporarily stored in the storage section of the cartridge and sends it to the flow path in the cartridge for the desired analysis. To do.
- the storage unit can be configured as an adsorption carrier having a property of adsorbing a substance to be detected, for example.
- at least one of the reagent tanks can be an eluent tank.
- the eluent is for detaching the substance to be detected, which is stored in the reservoir, which can be configured as an adsorption carrier having the property of adsorbing the substance to be detected, from the adsorption carrier.
- the effective eluent varies depending on the type of adsorption. Select the eluent based on the chemical characteristics of adsorption.
- eluents having various compositions can be used depending on the substance to be detected.
- the present invention can also be practiced as an apparatus for detection by immunoassay (Immunoassay).
- the measurement targets are various allergens such as egg yolk, egg white, milk, peanuts, shrimp, strength, fish, shellfish, soybeans, mango, other foods known as allergens, dust mites, feathers , Pollen, fungi, bacteria, cockroaches, dog or cat hair.
- allergens such as egg yolk, egg white, milk, peanuts, shrimp, strength, fish, shellfish, soybeans, mango, other foods known as allergens, dust mites, feathers , Pollen, fungi, bacteria, cockroaches, dog or cat hair.
- immunoglobulins such as IgE or IgG, histamine, genes (RNA), stress markers, various proteins, human or animal blood, blood components, urine, saliva, body fluids Antigen or antibody, a component indicating a specific disease, etc.
- ImnoAssay uses labeling and non-labeling methods, competitive and non-competitive methods (sandwich method), homogeneous method and heterogeneous method, etc., depending on the type of label used and the method of separating reacted antigens and antibodies. are categorized. A specific analysis example is constructed by a combination of these. Forces that allow various combinations The combinations that are suitable for the present invention will be described later.
- Detection methods include immunoturbidimetry, latex agglutination turbidimetry, non-labeling using an immunosensor composed of an antigen electrode and an antibody electrode, enzyme immunoassay, fluorescent immunoassay, luminescence There are labeling methods such as Imuno Assy, Spin Imno Assy, Metallo-Immuno Assy, Particle Immun Assy, and Neuro Imno Assy, and any of these can be used in the present invention.
- the reservoir of the detection cartridge can be configured as a filter, and a test substance such as an antigen and Z or an antibody is immobilized on the surface of the filter.
- This immobilization can be performed directly on the filter surface, and may be performed via an appropriate ligand.
- this fixation can be performed by immersing a plastic material or carbon fiber in an antigen and Z or antibody solution.
- it is better to interpose a metal in the immobilization as in the case of utilizing a gold mercapto bond.
- the metal coating can be easily formed by, for example, applying a plating to the carbon fiber, or performing a sputtering process or a plasma process.
- the antibody and Z or antigen those according to the measurement target are used. Also possible are combinations of avidin for piotin, protein A for immunoglobulin G, hormone receptor for hormones, DNA receptor for DNA, RNA receptor for RNA, drug receptor for drugs, and the like.
- the immunoassay is roughly divided into a first stage in which an antigen-antibody reaction is performed and a second stage in which a label that has reacted with the antigen or antibody is detected.
- the detection target component is separated from the non-detection component using the antigen-antibody reaction in the first stage, and the separation is performed by using an electrode configuration provided on the downstream side of the storage unit or a detection mechanism such as a cell carrier.
- the detection mechanism in the second stage can be by electrochemical analysis or optical analysis.
- electrochemical analysis an electrode configuration similar to that of the above-described concentration detector can be employed.
- optical analysis the same optical cell as in the case of liquid chromatography analysis can be adopted.
- an enzyme label As a labeling substance in the immunoassay, an enzyme label, a scientific luminescent label, a metal ion, or the like can be used.
- the substrate In the case of using an enzyme label, the substrate is passed through the reservoir with the label immobilized on the reservoir, and the resulting reaction product is detected by a downstream detection mechanism. For example, hydrogen peroxide produced by oxidoreductase is detected by electrochemical analysis.
- label and substrate combinations include dalcol oxidase.
- xanthine to xanthine oxidase amino acid to amino acid oxidase, ascorbic acid to ascorbate oxidase, asylcoA to facyl Co A oxidase, cholesterol to cholesterol oxidase, galactose to galatose oxidase, citric acid to oxalate oxidase And sarcosine against sarcosine oxidase.
- Optical analysis can also be performed using enzyme labels such as peroxidase, ⁇ -galactosidase, and alkaline phosphatase.
- enzyme labels such as peroxidase, ⁇ -galactosidase, and alkaline phosphatase.
- a colorimetric method or a fluorescence method can be used as the optical analysis.
- the detection apparatus of the present invention can also be applied to analysis using other principles, for example, analysis using a specific binding reaction.
- analysis using a specific binding reaction for example, IMAC (immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography), hybridization of complementary DNA, and other various proteins. It can also be applied to analysis.
- the cartridge type detection device can mount a portion that requires replacement for each measurement, complicated cleaning, renewal processing, and the like on the detection cartridge.
- an electrode for electrochemical analysis, a chromatographic column in liquid chromatography, and an antigen or antibody stationary phase in immunoassay correspond to this, and are mounted on a detection cartridge.
- the optical cell can be easily incorporated into the detection cartridge, and is preferably mounted on the detection cartridge from the viewpoint of reducing the labor of the measurer. However, the optical cell is simply washed with water. So it can be installed on the processing unit side.
- FIG. 1 shows an exploded view of an example of a detection cartridge according to an embodiment of the present invention suitable for use in heavy metal concentration analysis.
- the detection cartridge 1 is configured by stacking four resin base substrates 11, 12, 13, and 14 in this order from the bottom.
- the size of each board is 3 It is 5mm x 50mm, and the thickness of one substrate is lmm, and it is about 4mm when it is superposed.
- an adsorption carrier 22a that adsorbs an anionic substance, a working electrode 31 and 32 for detecting the anionic substance, a counter electrode 33 corresponding to the working electrode 31 and 32, and a reference electrode 34, an adsorption carrier 22b for adsorbing a cationic substance, working electrodes 35 and 36 for detecting the cationic substance, a reference electrode 37 and a counter electrode 38 are arranged.
- a recess is formed in the substrate 12 to hold these electrodes in place.
- the recesses 31a and 32a of the substrate 12 are working electrode chambers for receiving the working electrodes 31 and 32
- the recesses 33a are counter electrode chambers for storing the counter electrodes 33
- the recesses 34a are reference electrode chambers for storing the reference electrodes 34.
- the recesses 35a and 36a constitute a working electrode chamber
- the recess 37a constitutes a reference electrode chamber
- the recess 38a constitutes a counter electrode chamber.
- the adsorption carriers 22a and 22b constitute a storage unit that temporarily stores the substance to be detected.
- a gold electrode for example, size 3.5 mm X 8.4 mm X O. 5 mm
- a plate-like carbon electrode (for example, size 3.5 mm X 8.4 mm X O. 5 mm) is used as a working electrode for measuring force dome, lead, mercury and hexavalent chromium.
- the working electrode 31 is a gold electrode for measuring arsenic and selenium
- the working electrodes 32, 35, and 36 are plate carbon electrodes for measuring cadmium, lead, mercury, and hexavalent chromium, respectively.
- the counter electrodes 33 and 38 use the same plate-like carbon electrode as the working electrode 32 (for example, size 3.5 mm X 8.4 mm XO .5 mm), and the reference electrodes 34 and 37 have silver on an alumina substrate.
- An electrode for example, size 3.5 mm X 8.4 mm X O. 5 mm
- paste Nihon Atchison 6022
- other electrode configurations may be employed.
- each electrode 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38 force S substrate so that the electrode surface and the surface of the substrate 12 are the same surface They are stored in 12 twelve poles 31a, 32a, 33a, 34a, 35a, 36a, 37a, 38a!
- the space between the substrate 11 and the substrate 12, the space between the substrate 12 and the substrate 13, and the space between the substrate 13 and the substrate 14 are fixed in a liquid-tight manner with an adhesive tape.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of the adhesive tape 24 disposed between the substrates 12 and 13.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive tape disposed between other substrates has the same shape, and each pressure-sensitive adhesive tape has an opening or a hole at a necessary position.
- Working electrode 31, 32, 35, 36 The surface of the other electrode is masked by adhesive tape 24. As shown in FIG. 1, each electrode is exposed by opening holes of a predetermined area at eight positions corresponding to the electrodes of the mask 24.
- holes 241 and 242 correspond to the working electrodes 31 and 32 for detecting force-on substances, respectively, and the positions corresponding to the electrode rows for detecting cationic substances are the same.
- a hole is formed.
- the hole 241 corresponding to the working electrode 31 and the hole corresponding to the working electrode 35 are circular holes having a diameter of lm m, and the holes corresponding to the working electrodes 32 and 36 and the holes corresponding to the remaining electrodes are 2 in diameter. It has a circular hole of mm.
- holes 243 and 244 having the same size as the adsorption carriers 22a and 22 are formed in the adhesive tape 24 at positions corresponding to the adsorption carriers 22a and 22b.
- the adhesive tape 24 and other adhesive tapes are each formed with holes or openings necessary at positions corresponding to the recesses formed on the substrate.
- the substrate 11 is formed with a recess for forming the waste liquid reservoir 110, a pair of flow channel grooves 111 and a pair of flow channel grooves 112 that form part of the liquid flow channel. Speak.
- the substrate 12 is formed with a pair of through-holes 201 for introducing the test solution, and each of the through-holes 201 is a pair of flow paths of the substrate 11 when the substrate 12 is overlaid on the substrate 11.
- the groove 111 is disposed at a position communicating with one end of each of the grooves 111.
- the other end of each channel groove 111 communicates with a channel groove of the substrate 14 to be described later through a hole formed in the substrate 12 and the substrate 13.
- One end of each channel groove 112 is communicated with the accommodating recesses of the adsorption carriers 22a and 22b.
- the substrate 12 further has an opening 202 that overlaps the waste liquid reservoir 110 of the substrate 11.
- the substrate 13 includes a pair of through holes 301 that overlap the pair of through holes 201 of the substrate 12 and a pair of recesses 302 that receive the upper portions of the adsorption carriers 22a and 22b when the substrate 13 is stacked on the substrate 12.
- the substrate 13 has a flow channel 303 that overlaps the row of the electrodes 31, 32, 33, and 34 and a flow channel 304 that overlaps the row of the electrodes 35, 36, 37, and 38.
- the substrate 13 is formed with an electrolyte solution chamber 305 for accommodating an electrolyte solution pack containing an electrolyte solution as a reference electrode activation solution and a hole 306 communicating with the hole 202 of the substrate 12.
- the substrate 12 is provided with a needle-like body 203 extending into the electrolyte solution chamber 305 of the substrate 13.
- the substrate 14 includes a pair of through holes 401 that overlap the pair of through holes 301 of the substrate 13, and an electrolyte solution chamber 305 of the substrate 13.
- a communicating through hole 402 is formed.
- a flexible thin plate portion 402 a is formed integrally with the substrate 14 so as to close the through hole 402 (see FIGS. 2A and 2C).
- the electrolyte solution that functions as the reference electrode active electrolyte solution is supplied in a state where it is previously placed in an aluminum knock, and this electrolyte solution pack is stored in the electrolyte solution chamber 305.
- the electrolyte solution chamber 305 communicates with the reference electrode chamber.
- a pair of flow channel grooves 403 are formed in the substrate 14, and one end of each of the flow channel grooves 403 passes through the holes of the substrates 12, 13 as described above. Communicate with the other end of groove 111. As shown in FIG. 1, the row of electrodes 31, 32, 33, 34 and the row of electrodes 35, 36, 37, 38 are exposed at the side edge of the substrate 12.
- the through-holes 201, 301, 401 constitute the test liquid introduction part la as a whole.
- FIG. 2 (a) shows a state in which the detection cartridge is assembled by stacking the substrates 11, 12, 13, and 14 of FIG.
- Fig. 2 (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in Fig. 2 (a), showing a cross-section passing through the adsorption carrier.
- Fig. 2 (c) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B in Fig. 2 (a), and the electrode 34 38 and a cross section through the electrolyte solution chamber 305 for the reference electrode.
- FIG. 3 schematically shows the liquid flow path in the detection cartridge with the upstream side on the left and the downstream side on the right.
- the symbols in Fig. 3 correspond to the symbols shown in Fig. 1, respectively.
- the arsenic and selenium measurement flow path including the gas-on adsorption carrier 22a will be described as an example.
- the adsorption carrier 22a is a circular film having a diameter of 5 mm and a thickness of 600 m, and the periphery of the adsorption carrier 22a is held by the edges of the adsorption carrier accommodation recesses 21a of the substrates 12 and 13.
- the edge of the adsorbing carrier accommodating recess 21a is formed so as not to leak liquid from the peripheral direction of the adsorbing carrier 22a.
- the recess is formed in a taper shape so as not to cause a steep step in the flow path wall along the flow in the flow path direction. Etc. are less likely to occur.
- an external port 113 leading to the flow channel groove 111, an external port 114 leading to a position adjacent to the adsorption carrier accommodating recess 21a of the flow channel groove 112, and the flow An external port 115 leading to a position adjacent to the downstream end of the channel groove 112 is formed.
- an external port 116 communicating with the flow channel groove 304 of the substrate 13 through the through hole of the substrate 12 is formed.
- Ports 113, 114, 115, 116 are controlled by a valve mechanism 51 that switches each port as desired. Be controlled.
- Figure 3 shows part of a 5-way valve for this purpose. The valve mechanism 51 will be described later with reference to FIG.
- the external ports 113, 114, 116, 117 are closed and the external port 115 is opened. Then, the test liquid containing the target substance and, if necessary, the ion-adsorbing carrier activating liquid are used to constitute the test liquid introduction part la of the detection cartridge using the syringe holder. Pour into holes 401, 301, 201. Fig. 3 (a) shows the form of the test solution being delivered. The test liquid injected by the syringe from the through holes 401, 301, 201 of the test liquid introduction part la passes through the liquid flow path of the groove 111, passes through the holes of the substrates 12, 13, and moves upward in the vertical direction.
- FIG. 3 (b) is a view showing an example of a syringe holder used for operating the syringe.
- the holder has clamps 15 and 16, and has a structure in which the detection cartridge 1 is strongly sandwiched between the clamps 15 and 16.
- the clamp 16 is not used !, and has a structure that liquid-tightly closes the through hole 401 of the test liquid introduction part la. Further, the clamp 16 has an opening into which the syringe 17 is fitted.
- An electrolyte solution for activating the reference electrode 34 from the external port 117 is injected into the electrolyte solution chamber 305.
- the valve mechanism 51 is switched, the external port 115 is closed, and the external port 113 is opened to the eluent supply unit described later.
- Figure 3 (c) shows the flow path of the eluent.
- the eluent sent from the eluent supply unit reaches the adsorption carrier 22a from the port 113 via the liquid flow path in the groove 403, and flows through the adsorption carrier 22a to the liquid flow path in the groove 112.
- the substance to be detected adsorbed on the adsorption carrier 22a is eluted into the eluent.
- the eluent containing the substance to be detected flows on the key detection electrodes 31, 32, 33, 34 along the liquid flow path of the groove 112 and the liquid flow path by the groove 303 of the substrate 13.
- an electric signal related to the concentration information of the substance to be detected is generated at the electrode.
- FIG. 4 shows the configuration of the processing unit 2.
- the processing unit 2 includes an arithmetic processing device 21 housed in the casing 20 and an eluent supply unit 22.
- the eluent supply unit 22 The eluent cassette 50 containing the tanks 54, 55, 56, the nozzle mechanism 51 for switching the external ports 113, 114, 115, 116 of the substrate 11, and the pump 52 are provided.
- the eluent cassette 50 is structured to be fitted into the casing 20, and the valve mechanism 51 and the pump 52 are arranged outside the casing 20 for convenience of illustration in FIG.
- the valve mechanism 51 includes a five-way valve 53a and a four-way valve 53b, and the five-way valve 53a is connected to the solution tanks 54, 55, and 56 via the pump 52 and the four-way valve 53b.
- the 5-way valve 53a is connected to the outflow side external ports 115, 116, and 117 shown in FIG. Fig. 3 shows the flow path for detecting a cationic substance.
- three similar external ports are formed on the substrate 11, and a five-way nozzle is formed. 53a also switches between these ports.
- the port 113 on the eluent inflow side can be used in common for the detection channel for the cationic substance and the detection channel for the cationic substance.
- the four-way valve 53b is for switching the connection between the eluent tanks 54, 55, 56 and the pump 52.
- the eluent tanks 54, 55, and 56 contain an eluent for the ion-on-material adsorbing carrier, an eluent for the cationic-substance adsorbing carrier (also used as an electrolyte solution), and washing water, respectively.
- the solution sent to the pump 52 is switched by the four-way valve 53b.
- the eluent cassette 50 for storing the eluent tank has a structure that can be attached to and detached from the casing 20 of the processing unit 2. When the solution stored in each tank is insufficient, the solution tank is removed and the solution Can be replenished. As shown in the figure for the eluent tank 56, the eluent tank and the lid 57 are detachable, and the rubber ring is designed to completely seal the leakage of the solution. Further, the upper part of the lid 57 can be connected to the lid 58 of the cassette 50 with a single touch due to the connector structure.
- the arithmetic processing unit 21 disposed in the casing 20 of the processing unit 2 includes an electronic board 66 on which a microprocessor and various drivers are mounted. On the upper surface 67 of the processing unit 2, a display unit and A user interface such as operation buttons is provided. A detection cartridge insertion case 62 is further provided on the outer surface of the processing unit.
- the insertion case 62 is configured as a hinge-type lid that can be opened and closed, and can be opened and closed with respect to the cartridge holder 61 into which the cartridge is fitted.
- the cartridge holder 61 can be opened and closed It has a structure.
- FIG. 4 (a) is a schematic view showing the cartridge holder 61 in an open state
- FIG. 4 (b) is a schematic view showing a state in which the cartridge holder 61 is closed.
- the cartridge holder 61 has a structure shown in FIG.
- the cartridge holder 61 includes a lower structure composed of an upper plate 613, a lower plate 612 to which a five-way valve 53a and various liquid feeding tubes are connected, and a pressing plate movably coupled to the lower structure by a flange portion 611. 614.
- FIG. 4 (c) the holding plate 614 is shown facing down, and electrode pins 615 are provided on the back surface of the holding plate 614.
- the electrode pins 615 are arrays corresponding to the rows of electrodes 31, 32, 33, and 34 and the rows of electrodes 35, 36, 37, and 38 of the detection cartridge 1.
- an elastic sealing member 411 for engaging with the through hole 401 of the test liquid introducing portion la of the detection cartridge 1 to prevent the backflow of the liquid, and the electrolyte solution chamber 305 are provided with a protrusion 141 for flowing the reference electrode active liquid toward the reference electrode and an elastic protrusion 412 for pressing the detection cartridge 1 against the upper plate 613 to prevent leakage of various liquids. It has been.
- the detection cartridge 1 is inserted into the force cartridge holder 61 as shown in FIG.
- the depth of the groove 304 facing the electrode is 200 ⁇ m and the width is 3 mm.
- the groove 304 is shallow and a liquid junction 133 is formed.
- the junction 133 has a depth of 100 ⁇ m and a width of about 100 ⁇ m.
- the other channels are 500 m deep and 500 m wide.
- the through-hole 401 of the test liquid introduction part la is large enough to fit the tip of the syringe used for injection when the test liquid is injected, and is closed when set in the processing unit.
- the road is not constructed.
- the volume of the flow path excluding the through hole 401 and the waste liquid reservoir 110 and the through hole 202 in the test liquid introduction part in the detection cartridge 1 is about 1 ml.
- the volume per channel excluding the waste liquid tank 123 is 45 1.
- the cartridge insertion case 62 shown in Fig. 5 can be opened, and the detection cartridge 1 can be attached or removed also with respect to the side force of the processing unit as indicated by the imaginary line.
- the eluent tank cassette 50 containing the solution tanks 54, 55, 56 is placed in the casing 20 of the processing unit 2. It is detachable and can be easily replenished and replaced.
- the processing unit 2 includes a connection unit 64 that connects power cords, a battery 63 that can operate without a power cord, and a communication device 65 that can wirelessly communicate with the outside.
- the processing unit 2 is connected to the PDA device 500 as shown in FIG. 6 (a) or connected to the computer 501 as shown in FIG. 6 (b) to record and transfer data. Etc. can be made easy. In addition, the processing unit 2 can be configured not only to be suitable for mopile use, but also to be configured to be compatible with both driving with an AC power source that is suitable for stationary measurement.
- Figure 7 shows a block diagram of the configuration of the arithmetic processing unit in the processing unit. As shown in the figure, the processing unit 2 includes the power of the control unit configured by the micro controller power, and the constituent components illustrated in the AZD converter and various blocks. These components are all well known and will not be described in further detail.
- FIG. 8 shows the flow of operation when the detection target substance is detected by the casing cartridge 1 and the processing unit 2 shown in Figs.
- the operation procedure will be described with an example.
- the detection cartridge 1 is not inserted into the processing unit 2, but is held by the clamps 15 and 16 of the syringe holder.
- the syringe holder is configured so as to be able to close the through-hole 401 of the test liquid introduction part la when the detection cartridge 1 is held.
- a plug 41 or a valve for closing shown in FIG. 2 (a) may be used. The reason why the through hole 401 is blocked is to make it easier for the eluent injected from the port 113 to flow out of the port 115 through the adsorption carrier 22a.
- an active liquid for the ion-on-substance adsorbing carrier 22a is removed from the through-hole 401 of the test liquid introduction part la. inject. It is sufficient if the amount of the active liquid is enough to wet the anionic substance adsorption carrier.
- 10 ml of the test solution is injected from the through-hole 401 of the test solution introduction part, passes through the gas-on substance adsorption carrier 22a, and is discharged from the external port 115.
- the arsenic and selenium to be measured are captured by the adsorbent 22a on the ionic substance adsorbing carrier 22a and absorbed in the discharged solution. Is not included.
- the pack containing the solution is placed in the electrolyte solution chamber 305 of the substrate 13.
- the pressing portion provided on the bottom, that is, the flexible thin plate portion 402a (FIGS. 1 and 2) is pressed.
- the substrate 12 is provided with a needle-like body 203 at a position corresponding to the container, and the pack containing the solution is broken by this needle-like body 203, and the salted potassium salt leaked out by this is the reference electrode 34. It flows into the reference electrode chamber located. Salt and potassium form a silver Z silver chloride electrode on the surface of the reference electrode.
- the detection cartridge 1 is inserted into the processing unit 2.
- the valve mechanism 51 is operated to inject saline and potassium from the port 117 into the reference electrode material.
- the eluent injection port 113 is opened and the eluent is injected.
- the through hole 401 of the test liquid introduction part la is closed, and the connection terminals 615 for the respective electrodes are connected to the working electrodes 31 and 32, the counter electrode 33, and the reference electrode 34.
- the eluent flows through the adsorption carrier 22a and further flows along the electrodes 31, 32, 33, and 34. Since the through-hole 401 is blocked, the eluent does not flow backward in the direction of the test liquid introduction part.
- the flow path facing the electrodes 31, 32, 33 is connected to the flow path facing the reference electrode 34 via the liquid junction 133. There is no back flow into the row of electrodes 31, 32, 33. The most downstream of this flow path is connected to the waste liquid reservoir of the processing unit via port 116.
- the liquid flow path facing the electrodes 31, 32, 33, the liquid junction 133, and the liquid flow path facing the reference electrode 34 are communicated with the port 116 in FIG.
- the actual arrangement is as shown in FIG. 1.
- the liquid channel force facing the electrodes 31, 32, 33 is connected to the reference electrode 34 via the liquid junction 133 between the channels leading to the port 116. Is connected to the flow path facing. For this reason, the liquid flow path facing the electrodes 31, 32, 33 and the flow path facing the reference electrode 34 are fluidly connected. There is no exchange.
- the electrical connection is checked while the eluent is filled in the liquid channel facing the electrode.
- an arsenic / selenium measurement eluent is flowed from the eluent injection port 113 at a constant flow rate to deposit arsenic and selenium on the working electrodes 31, 32 (0.4 V).
- the eluent passes through the adsorbent carrier 22a, arsenic and selenium trapped on the adsorbent carrier are separated and move into the eluent, and reach the vicinity of the electrode as the eluent flows. In the vicinity of the electrode, arsenic and selenium reduction reactions occur and deposit on the working electrodes 31 and 32.
- the eluent inflow and deposition potential are applied until the trapped arsenic and selenium are completely desorbed.
- the elution of arsenic and selenium is almost completed when 300 ⁇ 1 is deposited at a flow rate of 50 ⁇ 1Z, so the deposition time is set to about 6 minutes.
- the inflow is continued until 5 minutes and 50 seconds, and the last 10 seconds is a time for the liquid in the flow path to be stationary, and after 6 minutes, the potential pulling starts.
- the insertion conditions are as follows.
- FIG. 9 shows a potential-current curve when the above measurements are performed with different concentrations of arsenic and selenium.
- the cationic substance adsorbing carrier 22b does not require an active liquid. For this reason, in the operation procedure corresponding to the first operation procedure, only inject the test solution.
- Figure 10 shows the potential-current curve when the measurement was performed in the same way as the key-on measurement except that the above points were changed. A sharp peak is obtained for all three types of cadmium, lead, and mercury, showing that the peak area changes depending on the concentration of each metal. Quantitative analysis can be performed based on the calibration curve thus obtained. The conditions for the sweep are as follows.
- SWV Method of applying a constant frequency during potential sweep
- the eluent for arsenic 'selenium measurement is first checked, the electrical connection is checked, the eluent is supplied for the second time, and the electrochemical measurement is performed. Is done.
- the eluent for cadmium 'lead' mercury measurement, the electrical connection check, the second elution solution delivery and the electrochemical measurement are performed.
- water is supplied from the cleaning water tank 503 for cleaning the valve mechanism 51, the pump 52 and the piping connecting them. The whole system is shown in Fig. 8 (d).
- the washing water is fed from the washing water tank 503 while switching the pipes in order, so that the washing water of the valve mechanism 51, the pump 52, and the pipe is pushed away.
- the combined capacity of the valve mechanism 51, pump 52 and piping is about 6001, and this cleaning water is sent to the inside of the cartridge for detection, and about 600 ⁇ l of the eluent is pushed away, and the waste liquid reservoir 110 Accumulate inside.
- Hexavalent chromium is measured in the same manner as for arsenic and selenium, except that electrochemical measurements are performed by the cathodic 'stripping' voltammetric method. Since the electrochemical measurement method for hexavalent chromium is different from the electrochemical measurement method for arsenic 'selenium, hexavalent chromium and arsenic' selenium are not measured at the same time. However, following the determination of hexavalent chromium, the cadmium 'lead' mercury measurement can be performed continuously in the same detection cartridge.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of the concentration unit in the cartridge of the present invention.
- the test liquid is concentrated by heat evaporation.
- a heating element such as a Peltier element 501 is arranged facing the liquid flow path 500 formed in the cartridge, and a current is supplied to the heating element 501 through a conductor 502.
- a vapor-permeable material film 503 is disposed on the side wall of the liquid channel 500 facing the heating element 501. The vapor generated by heating escapes from the film 503 to the outside of the channel 500. Is concentrated.
- FIG. 12 shows another configuration of the test solution concentration unit.
- This embodiment uses a porous membrane It is an example.
- a valve 601 is disposed at the test liquid inlet, and a valve 602 is disposed at the test liquid outlet.
- a porous membrane 603 is disposed in the test solution flow channel 600 so as to separate the flow channel 600 into a concentration chamber 600a and a drainage chamber 600b.
- the test solution in the concentration chamber 600a is concentrated by introducing the test solution from the inlet valve 601 with the outlet valve 602 closed and applying an appropriate pressure to the concentration chamber 600a. can do. After the concentration, the outlet valve 602 can be opened to allow the test solution to flow to the electrode configuration.
- This configuration has an advantage that the concentration time can be shortened by arbitrarily increasing the area of the porous membrane 603.
- FIGS. 13a, 13b, and 13c are perspective views showing a portable analysis unit that can be used for the detection cartridge 1 described above.
- the entire analysis unit includes a rectangular-shaped analyzer body, that is, a housing 700.
- the analyzer body 700 includes an upper body 701 and a lower body 702 that are vertically stacked.
- the main body 700 is provided with a handle 703 for convenience of carrying.
- the main body upper part 701 has a shape with an open upper surface, and a lid 704 is fixed to the upper surface.
- FIG. 13b shows the inside of the upper body 701 with the lid 704 removed.
- a waste liquid tank chamber 701b is formed by a partition wall 701a along one side portion in the longitudinal direction in the upper part 7001 of the main body, and a waste liquid tank 705 is disposed in the waste liquid tank chamber 701b.
- the waste liquid tank 705 is fixed to the upper body 701 so as to be removable.
- the opposite side of the waste liquid tank chamber 701b across the partition wall 701a is a chamber 701c for storing various functional parts.
- a plurality of reagent tanks 706 extends from one longitudinal end of the chamber 701c to the vicinity of the central portion. Are arranged in parallel. In this embodiment, five reagent tanks are arranged. In FIG. 14, only the reagent tanks 706 at both ends are shown in order to show the arrangement below the reagent tank 706. In addition, the reagent tank 706 adjacent to the longitudinal end of the chamber 701c is notched upward so that the inside thereof is divided.
- a switching valve mechanism 707 having a plurality of switching valve forces is arranged below the reagent tank 706, a switching valve mechanism 707 having a plurality of switching valve forces is arranged.
- a tank switching pipe plate 708 is disposed below the switching valve mechanism 707.
- a cartridge holder 709 is further disposed as a cartridge mounting portion, and a liquid feed pump 710 is disposed beside the cartridge holder 709. cartridge Under the holder 709, a discharge destination switching valve mechanism 711 and a discharge destination switching pipe plate, which will be described later, are arranged.
- FIG. 13c shows the inside of the lower body portion 702.
- a battery box 712 is disposed along one side in the longitudinal direction, and an electronic board 713 including a control circuit and a processing unit such as a microprocessor are disposed beside the battery box 712. .
- the lid 704 attached to the upper surface of the upper part 701 of the main body is provided with an opening / closing lid 714 for taking in and out the reagent tank corresponding to the mounting position of the reagent tank 706.
- An opening / closing lid 714a for the cartridge is provided corresponding to the mounting position of 709.
- Fig. 14a, Fig. 14b (i) (ii) (iii) and Fig. 14c show detection cartridges for use in electrochemical analysis.
- ports 116, 114, 115 are formed on the bottom surface of the cartridge, and ports 116, 117, force S are formed, connected to the port 116 force S waste tank 705, and port 117 is the solution of the reference electrode 34. It is configured to be connected to a reagent tank for supply.
- the flow path between the ports 114 and 115 is formed inside the cartridge outside the cartridge.
- FIG. 46 shows another example of a detection cartridge for use in electrochemical analysis.
- a detection cartridge for electrochemical analysis a first sheet made of resin and a second sheet are laminated, and a recess for accommodating an electrode is formed in the first sheet, and an electrode is formed in the recess.
- the second sheet is formed with a liquid flow path for allowing a reagent to flow at a position corresponding to the electrode, and between the first sheet and the second sheet, the liquid sheet is fixed at a position corresponding to the electrode.
- An insulating sheet having a hole having an area is disposed, and a storage portion is formed at a position away from the electrode.
- a third portion is provided on one or both of the opposite surfaces of the first sheet and the second sheet.
- a sheet is disposed, and the third sheet is provided with a groove constituting a flow path connected to the storage portion.
- the first sheet (substrate 12) and the second sheet (substrate 13) are laminated, and the third sheet (substrates 11 and 14) is formed on both the laminated surface and the opposite surface.
- the third sheet is laminated only on one side (upper surface in Fig. 46).
- the test solution is introduced from a dedicated holder (not shown) outside the cartridge.
- FIG. 15a is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 3a showing the flow of fluid in the cartridge for chromatographic analysis
- FIG. 15b is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 3c.
- Channel 303 constitutes a column for chromatographic analysis.
- the column 303 is formed of a transparent plastic material, and the analysis is performed by allowing the detection light to pass through this portion as described later.
- FIG. 16 shows a state in which the reagent tank 706 is attached to one fitting portion 715.
- FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing this attachment state.
- the fitting portion 715 has a circular annular protrusion 715a formed on the upper surface of the plate 708, and a reagent tank opening pin 715b protruding upward at the circular center of the protrusion 715a.
- slits 715c are formed that open on the upper surface of the plate 70 at four points along the virtual arc.
- An annular seal groove 715d is formed adjacent to the inner periphery of the protrusion 715a, and a 0-ring 715e is disposed in the seal groove 715d.
- a downward projecting portion 706a is formed below one end of the reagent tank 706, and an annular groove 706b corresponding to the annular projection 715a of the plate 708 is formed on the downward surface of the projecting portion 706a.
- a reagent discharge hole 706c is formed in the reagent tank 706 at a position corresponding to the slit 715c of the plate 708.
- the discharge hole 706c is provided with a valve 706e biased in the closing direction by a spring 706d!
- An air hole 706f is formed on the upper surface of the reagent tank 706.
- the air hole 706f is gas permeable but does not allow liquid to pass through.
- the reagent tank 706 configured as described above is attached to a predetermined position by fitting the annular groove 706b to the annular protrusion 715a of the plate 708. At this time, the pin 715b of the plate 708 pushes up the valve 706e of the reagent tank 706, opens the reagent discharge hole 706c, and connects the inside of the tank 706 to the stripe 715c.
- the stripe 715c communicates with a flow path formed in the plate 708. Liquid leakage between reagent tank 706 and plate 708 is Prevented by ring 715e.
- FIG. 18 shows the relationship between the reagent flow path 708a formed in the tank switching pipe plate 708 and the detailed force switching valve 707 of the pump suction flow path 708b.
- Each of the reagent channels 708a has one end connected to a slit 715c formed on the plate 708 at the fitting portion 715, and the other end opened to the upper surface of the plate 708 below the switching valve 707. It is connected.
- FIG. 19 shows an example of the connection relationship between the flow path 708a and the flow path 707a of the switching valve 7007.
- FIG. 18 further shows a liquid feed pump 710.
- the liquid feed pump 710 is shown to be disposed in the longitudinal direction of the upper part 701 of the main body, but in FIG. 18, it is rotated by 90 ° from the orientation shown in FIG. The direction is shown.
- the tank switching pipe plate 708 is formed with a pump suction flow path 708b.
- the port P1 at one end is connected to the switching valve 707, and the other end is connected to the suction port of the liquid feeding pump 710. This connection is made by a tube as shown in FIG.
- the liquid feed pump 710 is small and needs to be low in power consumption for use in a portable analytical unit that is preferably capable of stably delivering liquid in the order of microliters without pulsation. It is.
- the flow rate should be 5 to: L00 microliters Z minutes.
- the discharge pressure may be 0.01 to 10 MPa. Pumps with this characteristic include syringe pumps such as the “Pencil pump” manufactured by Ufro and the “Confluent PDP” manufactured by Cybex.
- the discharge destination switching piping plate 716 is shown.
- the plate 716 is disposed above the discharge destination switching valve 711 below the cartridge holder 709 in FIG. 13b.
- a pump discharge flow path 716a is formed in the discharge destination switching pipe plate 716.
- one end of the flow path 716a is connected to the discharge port of the pump 710 by a tube, and the other end is connected to the discharge destination switching valve 711.
- FIG. 21 showing details of the cartridge holder 709 will be referred to.
- the cartridge holder 709 has the same basic structure as the cartridge holder shown in FIG. 4 (a), and has an upper plate 709a and a lower plate 709b that are openably and closably connected by a funnel. Detection force on lower plate 709b A recess 709c for fitting the cartridge is formed.
- the upper plate 709a is provided with electrode pins and wires that contact the electrodes of the cartridge, but these are omitted in FIG.
- An inertia material (not shown) is disposed on the back side of the upper plate 709a of the cartridge holder 709. This inertia material absorbs the thickness variation of the detection cartridge at the position where the upper plate 709a is closed, and prevents liquid leakage.
- FIG. 22 shows ports formed on the lower surface of the detection cartridge 1 described above with reference to FIGS. 13 to 15 as an example, and these ports include G ′, F '', F '' ', H', ⁇ , K ', L' are attached. Ports H ′ and L ′ correspond to port 113 in FIG. 3, and ports G and K correspond to port 114 in FIG. Ports F, 'and F' '' become waste liquid ports 116. Port ⁇ is a port 117 leading to the reference electrode of the detection cartridge 1.
- FIG. 18 the flow paths and ports formed in the discharge destination switching piping plate 716 are shown.
- ports corresponding to the respective ports in FIG. 22 are opened on the upper surface of the plate 716, and these ports are given the same reference numerals as the ports in FIG. Port J 'is not used in this example, so there is no corresponding port for cartridge 1 in FIG.
- the ports G, F, H, I, J, K, L, and P2 are open on the lower surface of the discharge destination switching piping plate 716. These ports are partly switched in FIG. Valve 711 selectively connects to pump 710. As shown in FIG. 18, a port P2 communicating with the pump discharge flow path 716a is opened on the lower surface of the plate 716, and this port P2 is connected to the pump 710 as shown in FIG. FIG. 23 shows the switching connection relationship between the liquid feed pump 710, the tank switching piping plate 708 and the discharge destination piping plate 716 by the switching valve mechanisms 707 and 711. In FIG. 23, one of the reagent tanks 706 filled with cleaning water is used.
- FIG. 24 is an exploded perspective view showing the structure of the discharge destination switching pipe plate 716.
- the plate 716 includes an upper plate member 720 and a lower plate formed by molding a plastic material. This is a structure in which the first member 721 is laminated.
- the flow path 716a and other flow paths are configured by grooves formed on the upper surface of the lower plate member 721 by molding.
- a port opening in the lower surface is also formed during molding.
- a port that opens to the upper surface at a required position is formed penetrating in the thickness direction.
- the tank switching pipe plate 708 also has a structure in which an upper plate member 722 and a lower plate member 723 formed by molding a plastic material are laminated, and the flow path is formed as a groove on the upper surface of the lower plate member 723.
- the upper plate member 722 is formed with ports and slits 715c that are open on the upper surface when the plate member is formed.
- FIGS 25 and 26 show the connection of the waste liquid tank 705.
- a waste liquid inlet 705a is formed at one end of the waste liquid tank 705.
- a seal member 705b made of Teflon is disposed at the waste liquid inlet 705a.
- a waste liquid discharge member 731 provided with a hollow needle 730 is fixed to a protrusion formed on the bottom plate of the waste liquid tank chamber 701b, and the flow path leading to the hollow needle 730 of this member 731 is via a tube. It is connected to a port opened on the lower surface of the discharge destination switching piping plate 716.
- the waste liquid tank 705 is attached at a predetermined position by passing the hollow needle 730 of the member 731 through the seal member 705b.
- the tank switching pipe plate 708 and the discharge destination switching pipe plate 716 are formed by separate members. These can be formed as an integral molded product.
- the analysis unit is provided with a switch and a display unit necessary for operation on the lid 704 of the main body 700, and these are connected to the electronic substrate 713 as appropriate.
- FIG. 27 shows an example of a system applied to chromatographic analysis.
- wash water, eluent, and activation liquid are stored in the reagent tank 706 of the analysis unit, respectively.
- Each reagent tank 706 is switched and connected to a liquid feed pump 710 via a switching valve 707-1, 707-2, and 707-3.
- the detection cartridge 1-1 includes a storage unit 21-1 having a sample storage filter and a chromatographic column 21-2.
- the reservoir 21-1 is connected to the liquid inlet port 21-3 and the liquid outlet port 21-4 opened on the lower surface of the cartridge 1-1 by a flow path.
- Column 21-2 has a liquid inlet port 21-5 and a liquid outlet port 2 1-6.
- switching banlevs 711-1, 711-2, 711-3, 711-4, and 711-5 for switching and connecting the discharge port of the liquid feeding pump 710 to each port.
- the Roman letters A, B, C, D, and E attached to each valve correspond to the reference numerals attached to each valve V in FIGS. 18 and 23, respectively.
- the target substance is identified and quantified from the signal detected by the optical detection unit.
- Fig. 28 (a) (b) and Fig. 29 (a) (b) show the time flow of operation in the form of a table when the analysis unit is used with a cartridge for concentration measurement.
- system 1 represents one of the two electrode arrays shown in FIG. 1, for example, electrodes 35, 36, 37, and 38
- system 2 represents the other electrode array, for example, electrode 31. , 32, 33, 34 columns.
- the Roman numerals assigned to the valves correspond to the reference numerals in FIG.
- the pump auto-zero means that the liquid feed pump is automatically set to the zero position.
- FIG. 30 shows the temporal flow when the analysis unit is used with a cartridge for chromatographic analysis.
- the Roman letters correspond to the reference numerals attached to the valves in FIG. “(Force)” means that liquid passes through the cartridge.
- FIG. 31 is an external view showing an analyzing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention used for liquid chromatographic analysis.
- This analyzer has an analysis unit 800 having a substantially rectangular body or housing 801. Opening lid 802 on top of housing 801 A cartridge insertion opening 803 that is further opened and closed is formed, and a cartridge 804 for liquid mouth matrix analysis is inserted through the opening 803.
- a housing 801 of the analysis unit 800 shown in FIG. 31 also includes an upper body 801a and a lower body 801b, similar to the analysis unit housing 700 described with reference to FIGS. 13a, 13b, and 13c.
- the main body lower part 801b has the same configuration as the main body lower part 702 of the housing 700 shown in FIG. 13c, and includes a battery box and an electronic board similar to those shown in FIG. 13c, although not shown.
- FIG. 31 shows an electrical connection plug 805 connected to the battery box via an AC adapter and a connection plug 806 to a personal computer.
- FIG. 32 is a schematic sectional view of a cartridge 810 for liquid chromatographic analysis.
- the cartridge 810 has a laminated structure in which four molded plastic plates 811, 812, 813, and 814 are stacked, and at least the upper and lower plastic plates 811 and 814 are made of a transparent plastic material.
- the lower plastic plate 814 has four ports 814a, 814b, 814c, and 814d.
- the port 814a is a reagent injection port, and the port 814b functions as a test solution injection port.
- Port 814c is a test liquid circulation port, and port 814d is a waste liquid port.
- a filter recess 816 for accommodating a filter 815 serving as a temporary reservoir for the test substance is formed, and two flow paths 817 passing from the port 814b to the filter recess 816 are provided. It is formed by penetrating a single plastic plate 812, 813 in the thickness direction.
- a liquid flow passage 818 is formed through the two plastic plates 812 and 813 from the port 814a in the thickness direction, and these flow passages 817 and 818 are formed in the upper plastic inside the cartridge 810.
- the plates 811 are connected to each other by a flow path 819 that also has a groove force formed on the inner surface of the plate 811.
- the port 814c is connected to a liquid channel 820 penetrating the plastic plate 813 in the thickness direction, and the liquid channel 820 is a groove formed in the plastic plate 812 at the interface between the plastic plates 812 and 813. It is connected to one end of a liquid chromatographic analysis column 821 that also has power. The other end of the column 821 is connected to one end of the liquid channel 823 through a liquid channel 822 that penetrates the plastic plate 813 in the thickness direction.
- the liquid flow path 823 also has a groove force formed in the plastic plate 813 at the interface between the plastic plates 813 and 814.
- the liquid flow path 823 communicates with one end of an absorbance measurement cell 824 that also serves as a liquid flow path formed through the plastic plates 812 and 813 in the thickness direction.
- the other end of the absorbance measurement cell 824 is a liquid flow path formed by penetrating in the thickness direction through the liquid flow path 825 and the plastic plates 812 and 813 formed in the plastic plate 812 at the interface between the plastic plates 811 and 812. It is connected to the waste liquid port 814d via the path 826.
- FIG. 33 shows the arrangement of the ports, grooves and recesses on the upper and lower surfaces of each plastic plate 811, 812, 813, 814 of the cartridge 810.
- FIG. 33 (a) shows the lower surface
- Said 3 3 (b) indicates the upper surface.
- FIG. 33 (b) shows the relationship upside down with respect to (a), and the lower edge in (a) corresponds to the upper edge in (b).
- the uppermost plastic plate 811 has a groove constituting the liquid flow path 819 at the interface with the plastic plate 812.
- the outer surface remains smooth as shown in Fig. 33 (b).
- the plastic plate 811 is formed of a transparent plastic material.
- the second plastic plate 812 is arranged as shown in Fig. 33 (a), with the concave portions for the filter 816 and the flow paths 818 and 826 forces.
- the column 821 is formed as a spiral channel, and an absorbance measurement cell 824 is formed at the center of the spiral.
- a groove constituting the flow path 825 for connecting the absorbance measurement cell 824 to the flow path 826 is formed.
- the arrangement of the ports and the liquid channels formed in the plastic plates 813 and 814 is shown by assigning the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 32 to the respective ports and channels, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the plastic plate 814 is also formed of a transparent plastic material.
- the other plastic plates 812 and 813 are not necessarily transparent, but may be transparent.
- FIGS. 34 (a) and 34 (b) are cross-sectional views taken along lines aa and bb in FIG. 33 (a), respectively, and show the plastic plates separately.
- FIG. 35 is a plan view showing the inside of the main body upper portion 801a of the housing 801.
- a liquid feed pump 830 Inside the main body upper portion 8 Ola, a liquid feed pump 830, a light source 831, and a waste liquid tank 832 are arranged in parallel over the central portion in the length direction of the main body upper portion 801a.
- the liquid feed pump 830 has the same configuration as the liquid feed pump 710 shown in FIG. 14 in connection with the embodiment described above.
- the waste liquid tank 832 has the same configuration as the waste liquid tank 705 in the above-described embodiment.
- the above-described light source 831 is provided for liquid chromatographic analysis.
- the light source 831 may be anything as long as it can emit light having a wavelength of 200 to: L lOOnm and can fit in the space of the upper body 801a. The wavelength is changed depending on the substance to be detected.
- a suitable light source for use as the light source 831 is a FiberLight light source (deuterium lamp and tungsten lamp combined type) manufactured by Sentronic GmbH.
- a collimating lens 833 for collimating the emitted light is disposed at the light exit of the light source 831, and a slit plate 834 having a slit for narrowing the emitted light to a predetermined diameter on the exit side of the collimating lens 833. Is fixed, and a cartridge holding plate 835 is provided outside thereof.
- the discharge destination switching having five switching valves 836 indicated by A, B, C, D and E is provided.
- a valve plate 837 is disposed in a fixed relationship with the upper body 801a.
- the discharge destination switching valve plate 837 is arranged vertically.
- the cartridge 810 is inserted vertically between the cartridge holding plate 835 and the discharge destination switching valve plate 837.
- the cartridge holding plate 835 moves away from the discharge destination switching valve plate 837, that is, upward in FIG. It can be retracted from the position shown in the figure. More specifically, the light source 831, the collimating lens 833, the slit plate 834, and the cartridge holding plate 835 are mounted on the base plate 838 so that they can move together, and the base plate 838 is a rail (not shown). Thus, it is movably supported in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG.
- a coil spring 839 disposed at the end of the base plate 838 biases the base plate 838 toward the discharge destination switching plate 837. Therefore, the base plate 838 that supports the light source 831, the collimating lens 833, the slit plate 834, and the cartridge holding plate 835 is moved against the biasing force of the coil spring 839, and the cartridge holding plate 835 and the discharge destination switching valve plate are moved.
- the cartridge 810 can be inserted with the space between the 837 increased.
- FIG. 35 at a position where the cartridge 810 is inserted, a guide member 840 for in-situ positioning of the cartridge 810 is fixed to the discharge destination switching valve plate 837.
- Fig. 36 shows the configuration of the discharge destination switching valve plate 837 and the guide member 840.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing that it is easy to apply force in relation to the cartridge 810.
- the guide member 840 has a U-shaped guide cutout 840a, and the cartridge 810 is fitted into the cutout 840a, whereby the force cartridge 810 is positioned.
- the discharge destination switching valve plate 837 has a protruding portion 837a protruding in the direction of the cartridge 810. When the cartridge 810 is positioned at a predetermined position, the protruding portion 837a is fitted into the port 814b of the cartridge 810. .
- the discharge destination switching valve plate 837 has the second side at a position aligned with the slits of the collimator lens 833 and the slit plate 834 on the side opposite to the light source 831 in the optical axis direction.
- a slit plate 841 and a focusing lens 842 are disposed and fixed to the plate 837.
- the discharge destination switching valve plate 837 has an opening through which the light passing through the slit 803 of the slit plate 834 and the cartridge holding plate 835 and the measurement cell 824 of the cartridge 810 passes through the second slit plate 841. Has been.
- a spectroscope 843 as an analysis means is arranged in the upper body 801a so as to receive light from the focusing lens 843.
- a SAS series OE M module (1024 element CMOS mounted type) manufactured by Ocean Optics Co., Ltd. can be used. This spectrometer has analytical capabilities in the 200-700 wavelength range.
- reagent tank mounting portion 844 with symbols F, G, and H are provided on the bottom plate portion of the main body upper portion 801a.
- the reagent tank mounting portion 844 has the same structure as the fitting portion 715 shown in FIG.
- a tank switching valve plate 845 having the configuration shown in FIG. 37 is disposed above the bottom plate of the upper body 801a.
- the tank switching valve plate 84 5 is provided with three switching valves 846 indicated by symbols F, G, and H on the lower surface, and the valve F is attached to the reagent tank indicated by symbol F via the pipe 847 on the one hand.
- the other part 844 is connected to the liquid feeding pump 830 via the pipe 848 on the other side. Valves G and H of the switching valve 846 are connected to a reagent tank mounting portion 844 indicated by symbols G and H through pipes 849 and 850, respectively.
- FIG. 32 As the reagent tanks connected to the switching valves 846 indicated by the symbols F, G, H, respectively, the activation liquid tank 851, the eluent tank 852, the wash water tank 8 53 is shown. These tanks can have the same configuration as the reagent tank 706 in the above-described embodiment, and are attached to the reagent tank attachment portion 844.
- FIG. 32 further shows the connection relationship of five switching valves 836 arranged on the discharge destination switching valve plate 837.
- the liquid feed pump 830 is connected to the valve B of the switching valve 836, and the valve B is further connected to the port 814a of the cartridge 810. Valve B is also connected to the other two valves A and D.
- Valve A is connected on the one hand to port 814b of cartridge 810 and on the other hand to valve 814c via valve E.
- Valve D is connected directly to port 814c.
- Valve C connects between port 814a and waste tank 832. These connections are made by flow paths formed as grooves in the switching plates 837 and 845 and appropriate piping, as in the above-described embodiment.
- each port of the cartridge 810 and the flow path of the switching plate 837 are connected so that each port of the cartridge 810 and the flow path of the discharge destination switching valve plate 837 are connected. It is positioned.
- the protrusion 837a shown in FIG. 36 connects the valve A of the switching valve 836 and the port 814b of the cartridge 810, and has a liquid flow path for this purpose.
- the cartridge 810 is prepared, and a test liquid is quantitatively injected into the cartridge 810 from the port 814b.
- the injection volume is determined appropriately according to the concentration of the substance to be measured.
- the substance to be detected is stored in the filter 815 of the cartridge 810. Liquids other than the substance to be detected are discharged from the port 814a.
- the measurement program executes the operation flow shown in FIG. FIG. 39 shows a time-series flow of operation. Referring to FIG. 38 and FIG. 39, the cartridge 810 into which the test solution has been injected is inserted into the analysis unit 800.
- valves B and C of the discharge destination switching valve 836 are opened, and the pump 830 is operated. This is an operation for empty discharge of the flow path in the discharge destination switching valve plate 837.
- the valve F of the tank switching valve 846 is opened, and a predetermined amount of active liquid is sucked into the liquid feed pump 830.
- the activation liquid makes it easy to elute the detected substance stored in the Fluta 815 from the Fluter 815.
- valve F is closed, valves A and C are opened, liquid pump 830 is operated, and the activation liquid is sent to fuller 815 of cartridge 810.
- the activation liquid passes from the pump 830 through the valve A, enters the fuller 815 via the port 814b, passes through the flow path 817, 819, 818, port 814a and NOREV C, and the waste liquid tank 832 It is.
- valve G is opened, a predetermined amount of the eluent is sucked into the liquid feed pump 830, and the valve G is closed.
- the valve D is opened, the pump 830 is operated, and the eluent is sent to the column 821 through the port 814c. This is a pretreatment of column 821.
- valve D is closed, valve G is opened, a predetermined amount of eluent is sucked into liquid pump 830, and then valves B and E are opened to operate liquid pump 830.
- the eluent passes from the valve B through the port 814a to the flow path 818, 819, 817, and enters the FONORETA 815, where it is stored in the FONORETA 815!
- the light source 831 is turned ON (FIG. 38), and the absorbance of the liquid passing through the cell 824 is measured by the spectrometer 843.
- the functional group that chemically interacts with the substance to be detected is contained in the Fluta 815 and the column 821, and in the Fluta 815, the functional group functions to trap the substance to be detected.
- the eluent acts to elute the trapped substance to be detected and carry it to the column 821.
- the particles of functional groups contained in the column are fine and the flow path of the column is long.
- the substance to be detected contained in the eluent passes through the column while chemically interacting with the functional group molecules in the column. The strength of this interaction varies depending on the type of molecule of the substance to be detected.
- the rate of adsorption and desorption that the detected substance is subjected to the column force while the eluent passes through the column 821 varies depending on the type of the substance. Therefore, the timing detected as a change in absorbance by the spectroscope 843 differs depending on the substance to be detected. Thereby, the substance contained in the eluent can be detected.
- the detection result can be displayed on a display window that can be appropriately provided on the surface of the analysis unit or on a display unit of a computer connected to the analysis unit.
- the analysis unit is cleaned.
- This cleaning is performed, for example, by the following procedure. That is, by opening the valve H of the switching valve 846 and then operating the pump 830, a predetermined amount of cleaning liquid is sucked into the pump 830, and then the valve H is closed and the valves A and C are opened. Then, operate pump 830 to clean Fluta 815. Next, close valves A and C, open valve D, operate pump 830, and pass wash solution through column 821. In addition, close valve D, open valves B and E, activate pump 830, and pass the wash through both fulta 815 and column 821.
- Fig. 41 shows the analysis principle of Imuno Assy.
- Fig. 41a shows an example of the competition method
- Fig. 41b shows another example of the competition method.
- Figure 41c is an example of a non-competitive method.
- stage I is a process performed outside the detection cartridge, and the sample antigen is added to the reagent containing the labeled antibody with the label attached to the antibody, and the previous stage reaction is performed. Is called.
- a part of the labeled antibody contained in the reagent reacts with the sample antigen, and the sample antigen binds to a part of the labeled antibody.
- the rest of the labeled antibody remains unreacted.
- the reagent is injected into the reservoir and the stage II process is performed.
- a solid-phased antigen is previously attached to the reservoir, and in step II, unreacted antibody in the reagent is captured by this solid-phased antigen.
- the reagent is discharged from the reservoir while leaving the labeled antibody captured by the immobilized antigen in the reservoir.
- a substrate for reaction with the labeled antibody is sent to the reservoir, and the reaction proceeds between the substrate and the labeled antibody.
- the reaction product is sent to the next detection mechanism in the detection cartridge and detected.
- the storage part achieves a part of the operation of the detection mechanism.
- the pretreatment in stage I is the same as in the example of Fig. 41a.
- the immobilized antibody is preliminarily attached to the reservoir.
- the reagent that has undergone the previous step reaction in Step I is injected into the reservoir of the detection cartridge in Step ⁇ , where only the labeled antibody that has reacted with the sample antigen in Step I is captured by the antibody in the reservoir.
- the capture at this time is also called a sandwich method because the antibody attached to the reservoir and the labeled antibody carried by the reagent sandwich the antigen between them.
- Stage III the substrate for the reaction is sent to the reservoir, the reaction proceeds, and the reactive organism is detected by the detection mechanism.
- the immobilized antibody is attached to the reservoir in advance.
- the sample antigen is sent to the reservoir and bound to a part of the immobilized antibody to be captured.
- the reagent containing the labeled antibody is fed to the reservoir, and the labeled antibody is captured in the same manner as in stage II of Fig. 41b.
- stage III the substrate for reaction is stored in the reservoir. Reaction proceeds with the labeled antibody that has been fed and captured in the reservoir.
- the subsequent steps are the same as those in FIGS. 41a and 41b described above.
- the present invention can be applied to any of the above-described methods, or in addition to the above, the known imnoassy method!
- the force label shown in the example of the enzyme label can be used in the same manner.
- FIG. 42 is a bottom view showing an example of a detection cartridge 1001 in the case where detection by electrochemical analysis is performed in the immunoassay.
- a flow path 1004 from the liquid inlet 1003 communicates with the storage section 1002, and a liquid outlet of the storage section 1002 is connected to the electrode chamber 1006 through the flow path 1005.
- a working electrode, a counter electrode, and a reference electrode are arranged in the same manner as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 43 shows a cross section of a detection cartridge applied to optical analysis in Imnoassay. This figure corresponds to Figure 32 in the chromatographic example. Accordingly, corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- FIG. 44 is different from the example of FIG. 32 only in that the flow path 824 in FIG. 32 can be easily connected, and the port 814c directly communicates with the flow path 823.
- Each of the reagent tanks 851, 852, 853 arranged in the processing unit contains a washing buffer, an elution buffer, and a CBB solution.
- the detection cartridge 1000 is provided with a waste liquid reservoir, and the substrate 1011 and 1013 have a recess 1016 for that purpose, and the intermediate substrate 1012 has an opening 10 17 that connects the two recesses 1016. Is formed.
- the groove 1018 formed in the substrate 1012 is a reference electrode chamber corresponding to the reference electrode R, and the groove 1019 is a working electrode chamber corresponding to the working electrode S.
- the substrate 1012 and the substrate 1013 are formed with grooves 1020, 1021, 1022 for flow paths connecting the storage part, the electrode chamber, and the waste liquid reservoir. Other points are the same as those of the above-described embodiment.
- Substrates 11 to 14 were molded using an injection molding machine (MEIKI).
- the molding conditions are a cylinder temperature of 280 ° C, a fixed part temperature of 290 ° C, and a mold temperature of 60 ° C.
- the runner was separated from the molded product, and the prescribed molded product was obtained.
- the molded product of the substrate 12 was provided with a carbon electrode and a silver paste electrode that acted as a working electrode and a counter electrode. These were fixed by applying an adhesive on the part to be installed in advance and placing an electrode on top of it.
- a container 23 containing salt / potassium potassium was installed to wet the reference electrode during arsenic / selenium measurement and form a silver / salt / silver reference electrode. This container is directly above the needle-like body 122 formed on the substrate 12 and immediately below the pressing portion 141 formed on the substrate 14.
- a molded product with an adhesive tape affixed to the upper surface and a molded product laminated thereon were set in a positioning device with a vacuum chamber.
- This apparatus has an alignment mechanism based on image recognition and a vacuum mechanism for the alignment portion. With this device, the two can be bonded together at an accurate position without bubbles.
- Succinic acid (special grade manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) 0. lg and oxalic acid (special grade manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) 0. lg were mixed with 100 ml of purified water (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) to prepare the following sample.
- the analysis was performed according to the procedure described on the left based on FIG. 38 and FIG.
- the amount of liquid fed from the liquid feed pump was as described in the “Pump” column of FIG.
- Analysis was performed by monitoring time and absorbance within the analysis unit. The pump was stopped when the eluent was discharged from the pump. The results obtained are shown in FIG. In this example, An acid peak was detected at 3 minutes and a succinic acid peak at 12 minutes.
- Anti-BNP antigen was used as a reservoir, and a means for electrochemically detecting the action of enzyme labeling was adopted as the detection mechanism.
- This example is an example in which the method of Matsuura et al. Published in Analytical Chemistry, vol. 77, No. 13, 20 05, pp. 4235-4240 is applied to the cartridge and the processing unit of the present invention.
- the related substances are as follows.
- AChE Acetylcholinesterase
- ACh Acetylcholine
- sulfo-SMCC Sulfosuccinimidyl-4-N-maleimidomethylcyclohexane-1-carboxylate
- PBS Phosphate buffer (phosphate buffer)
- a carbon fiber filter (Toyobo, product number P-1611H, thickness 0.32mm) was immersed in lOOmg / 1 gold solution (1M-sulfuric acid) while stirring at -0.4V for 20 minutes. Gold was deposited on the surface, and then cleaned at + 0.75V for 2 minutes to produce a carbon fiber filter with a gold-plated surface. This gold-plated filter was placed in O.lmM-cysteamine hydrochloride solution for 2 hours to bind cysteamine on the Au surface.
- AChE-labeled anti-BNP antibody (0.4mg / l in PBS solution) 2ml is mixed with BNP-containing test solution (human blood) at a 1: 1 ratio and stirred for 30 minutes.
- the product was injected from a cartridge inlet using a commercially available syringe, passed through a BNP-fixed gold-plated filter, and allowed to flow out from the intermediate port 115 (step (1)).
- 4 ml of PBS solution was also injected into the same injection loca to wash the BNP fixed metal plating filter and set in the analyzer.
- a detection cartridge having the same external shape and external ports as those shown in FIGS. 32, 33 and 34 was prepared by injection molding. The difference is that chromatographic column 821 is eliminated and the cell shape is 5 mm in diameter. Acrylic resin was used as the substrate material. As the reservoir 816, IMAC resin (VIVA science, Vivapure Metal Chelate resin) was used. The same processing unit as in Example 4 was used.
- a crude protein extract as a sample was prepared as follows.
- the valve 836 was switched again, and 0.2 ml of Protein Atsey CBB solution (manufactured by Nacalai Tester) was charged from the port 814c at a rate of 500 ⁇ l / min.
- the liquid in the cell 824 was almost replaced with the elution buffer and the protein assembly CBB solution.
- the absorbance at 595 nm was observed with a spectroscope built in the analyzer and a light source (common with HPLC), and the amount of recovered protein was also quantified by measuring the peak intensity of the absorbance.
- the present invention is not limited to the measurement method described above, and can be applied to various methods. Some examples of measurement methods to which the present invention can be applied are shown in FIG. 46, along with an outline of the detection principle and operation. (The invention's effect)
- a storage unit that temporarily stores a substance to be detected, a liquid channel that passes through the storage unit, and a plurality of ports that communicate with the liquid channel.
- a processing unit that performs analysis and / or processing using the cartridge for detection includes a plurality of reagent tanks, a liquid feeding pump, and a tank that connects a selected one of the plurality of reagent tanks to the liquid feeding pump.
- a tank switching valve plate having a switching valve mechanism, and a piping switching valve plate having a piping switching valve mechanism for connecting a liquid feed pump to a desired one of the ports formed in the cartridge. Then, the substance to be detected is analyzed while the liquid feed pump is operated by switching the valve mechanism of the tank switching valve plate and the valve mechanism of the pipe switching valve plate to a desired position.
- the cartridge type analyzer of the present invention is configured as described above, the functional part necessary for the analysis can be accommodated in the housing of the processing unit extremely compactly, and is configured as a simple portable type. Easy to do. Therefore, the analysis apparatus of the present invention can be used for quick analysis at the site where the substance to be detected is collected, and is an extremely useful apparatus.
- FIG. 2 (a) is a perspective view showing an assembled state of the detection cartridge.
- (b) shows the AA cross section of (a), and
- (c) shows the BB cross section of (a).
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a liquid channel of a detection cartridge.
- FIG. 3 (b) is a perspective view showing a state where the syringe holder is attached.
- FIG. 3 (c) is a perspective view showing the flow of the eluent in the detection cartridge.
- FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing the structure of a processing unit.
- FIG. 4 (a) is a perspective view showing a state in which the cartridge is inserted into the cartridge holder.
- ⁇ 4 (b)] is a perspective view showing the cartridge holder in a closed state.
- FIG. 5 is an external perspective view of a processing unit.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an electrical system inside the processing unit.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing an operation procedure following FIG. 8 (a).
- FIG. 8 (c) is a flowchart showing the operation procedure following FIG. 8 (b).
- [8 (d)] is a system diagram showing the entire system of the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic sectional view showing a concentrating part according to another embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic sectional view showing a concentrating part according to still another embodiment.
- FIG. 13 (b) is a perspective view showing the analysis unit of FIG. 13 (a) with the lid removed.
- FIG. 14 (a) is an exploded perspective view showing an example of the detection cartridge of the present invention used for electrochemical analysis.
- FIG. 14 (b) The cartridge of FIG. 14 (a) is shown in an assembled state, (i) is a perspective view, (ii) is a sectional view taken along line A in (i), and (iii) is a view of (i). B-B is a cross-sectional view.
- FIG. 15 (b) is a perspective view corresponding to FIG. 3 (c), showing the flow of liquid in the cartridge of FIG. 14 (a).
- FIG. 16 Tank switching piping plate, reagent tank, and tank in the analysis unit shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the arrangement
- FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view for showing a connecting portion of the reagent tank.
- FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view showing a connection between a tank switching pipe plate and a switching valve.
- FIG. 21 is a perspective view of a cartridge holder used in the analysis unit.
- FIG. 22 is a plan view showing a port on the lower surface of the detection cartridge.
- FIG. 23 is a system diagram showing the connection relationship of switching valves in the analysis unit.
- FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram showing connection of a waste liquid tank.
- FIG. 27 is a system diagram showing an example of a system applied to chromatographic analysis.
- FIG. 29 (b) is a flowchart showing the latter half of the operation flow when detection is performed in system 2 using a detection cartridge for concentration analysis.
- FIG. 30 (a) is a flowchart showing the first half of the operation flow when detection is performed using a detection cartridge for chromatographic analysis.
- FIG. 30 (b) is a flowchart showing the latter half of the operation flow when detection is performed using a detection cartridge for chromatographic analysis.
- FIG. 33 is an exploded view showing the configuration of the detection cartridge shown in FIG. 32, where (a) shows the lower surface of each plastic plate that is a component of the cartridge, and (b) shows the upper surface. .
- FIG. 35 is a plan view showing the configuration of the upper part of the main body in the housing of the analysis unit of FIG. 31.
- FIG. 36 is a perspective view showing the relationship between a discharge destination switching valve plate, a guide member, and a detection cartridge.
- FIG. 37 is a plan view showing a tank pipe switching valve plate.
- FIG. 38 is a flowchart showing the operation of the liquid chromatograph analysis apparatus shown in FIGS. 31 to 37.
- FIG. 40 is a graph showing the detection results in Example 2.
- FIG. 42 is a bottom view of the detection cartridge used in Example 5.
- FIG. 43 is a cross-sectional view of the detection cartridge used in Example 6.
- FIG. 44 is a table showing a processing flow in Example 5.
- FIG. 45 is a table showing a processing flow in Example 6.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN2006800009014A CN101031802B (zh) | 2005-01-07 | 2006-01-10 | 使用盒的检测装置 |
CA2601078A CA2601078C (en) | 2005-01-07 | 2006-01-10 | Detection apparatus using cartridge |
EP06702656A EP1852703A4 (en) | 2005-01-07 | 2006-01-10 | DETECTION DEVICE WITH CASSETTE |
JP2007500449A JP4053081B2 (ja) | 2005-01-07 | 2006-01-10 | カートリッジを使用する検出装置 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2005-002540 | 2005-01-07 | ||
JP2005002540 | 2005-01-07 |
Publications (2)
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WO2006080186A1 true WO2006080186A1 (ja) | 2006-08-03 |
WO2006080186B1 WO2006080186B1 (ja) | 2006-12-21 |
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PCT/JP2006/300136 WO2006080186A1 (ja) | 2005-01-07 | 2006-01-10 | カートリッジを使用する検出装置 |
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Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20070263046A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1852703A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4053081B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101031802B (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2601078C (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2377571C2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006080186A1 (ja) |
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JP2008175810A (ja) * | 2006-12-19 | 2008-07-31 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | 分析用カートリッジ及び吸光度測定装置 |
JP2008241698A (ja) * | 2007-02-28 | 2008-10-09 | Toray Ind Inc | 免疫分析方法 |
JP2009168650A (ja) * | 2008-01-17 | 2009-07-30 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | カートリッジ式電気化学分析装置及び方法 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JPWO2006080186A1 (ja) | 2008-06-19 |
RU2007149577A (ru) | 2009-07-10 |
US20070263046A1 (en) | 2007-11-15 |
CN101031802A (zh) | 2007-09-05 |
JP4053081B2 (ja) | 2008-02-27 |
RU2377571C2 (ru) | 2009-12-27 |
CA2601078A1 (en) | 2006-08-03 |
EP1852703A1 (en) | 2007-11-07 |
CA2601078C (en) | 2012-07-03 |
EP1852703A4 (en) | 2010-02-17 |
WO2006080186B1 (ja) | 2006-12-21 |
CN101031802B (zh) | 2012-11-07 |
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