Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
  • C08G73/02—Polyamines
  • C08G73/028—Polyamidoamines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
  • C08G73/02—Polyamines
  • C08G73/0206—Polyalkylene(poly)amines
  • C08G73/0213—Preparatory process
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
  • C11D1/40—Monoamines or polyamines; Salts thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
  • C11D1/52—Carboxylic amides, alkylolamides or imides or their condensation products with alkylene oxides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/0036—Soil deposition preventing compositions; Antiredeposition agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
  • C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C11D3/3719—Polyamides or polyimides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
  • C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C11D3/3723—Polyamines or polyalkyleneimines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
  • C11D3/3788—Graft polymers

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the use of polymers obtainable by reacting
• component (a) has an average molecular weight M w of 20,000 to 2,000,000 and the molar ratio of hydrogen atoms on nitrogen in component (a) to component (b) 1: 0.7 to 1: 0.9 is,
• the invention relates to detergent formulations containing these polymers as an additive.
• the dispersion of the particulate materials in the wash liquor resulting from the washing process and the prevention of the deposition of these materials onto the textile material are important tasks which the detergent used has to fulfill.
• the materials to be dispersed are, above all, the dirt originating from the textile materials, such as dirt containing pigment or clay, the lime formed with the hardness ions from the tap water and the lime soap formed from the soaps contained in the detergent with the hardness ions of the tap water.
• Soaps are water-soluble salts of long-chain fatty acids; in particular the alkali metal salts, especially sodium and potassium salts, and ammonium salts of saturated and unsaturated C 8 -C 24 aliphatic carboxylic acids.
• Examples of soaps are the sodium and potassium salts of aliphatic Ci 0 -Ci 8 carboxylic acids, especially of tallow and palm oils derived soaps with Ci 6 -Ci 8 -Carbonklareresten and of coconut and palm kernel oils derived soaps with Ci 0 -Ci 4 carboxylic acid radicals.
• Soaps are particularly part of liquid detergent formulations where they are used as a surfactant (ie detergent), builders (ie to trap the water hardness alkaline earth metal ions) and also as a foam control agent. At high water hardness precipitation of lime soaps, which also precipitate on the textile material.
• a surfactant ie detergent
• builders ie to trap the water hardness alkaline earth metal ions
• foam control agent ie to trap the water hardness alkaline earth metal ions
• Suitable dispersants for lime soaps in liquid detergents are copolymers of maleic acid with hydrophobic monomers, such as diisobutene, limonene, linalool and / or styrene (EP-A-768 370), and homopolymers based on polyalkylene glycols of esterified acrylic acids and copolymers of these acrylates esterified with polyalkylene glycols - Acids with acrylamidosulfonic acids (EP-A-147 745, US-A-4 797 223) described.
• hydrophobic monomers such as diisobutene, limonene, linalool and / or styrene
• homopolymers based on polyalkylene glycols of esterified acrylic acids and copolymers of these acrylates esterified with polyalkylene glycols - Acids with acrylamidosulfonic acids EP-A-147 745, US-A-4 797 223) described.
• WO-A-97/42292 and 97/42293 describe laundry detergents containing polymers based on ethoxylated polyethyleneimines, whose nitrogen atoms may additionally be quaternized and / or oxidized, as cotton soil release agents.
• DE-A-18 12 166 relates to white laundry detergents containing reaction products of polyethyleneimine with acrylic acid which have an average molecular weight of 500 to 200,000 and a degree of conversion of the amino groups of 50 to 100% as an ingredient.
• reaction products of polyethyleneimine with acrylic acid which have an average molecular weight of 500 to 200,000 and a degree of conversion of the amino groups of 50 to 100% as an ingredient.
• products of different molecular weight are used, but details of the respective degrees of conversion are not made.
• JP-A-2004-2589 discloses detergents containing reaction products of polyethylenimines with acrylic acid or acrylic acid and maleic acid to prevent particulate repellency.
• the average molecular weight M w of the polyethyleneimine used in the examples is at most 7,500, the amount of unsaturated carboxylic acid, based on the total amount of nitrogen atoms in the polyethyleneimine, is at most 65 mol%.
• the object of the invention was to provide polymers which are suitable as dispersants for the particulate materials obtained during the washing process, in particular for the dispersion of lime soaps. Accordingly, the use of polymers obtainable by reaction of
• component (a) has an average molecular weight M w of 20,000 to 2,000,000 and the molar ratio of hydrogen atoms on nitrogen in component (a) to component (b) 1: 0.7 to 1: 0.9 is,
• the polymers to be used according to the invention are described in unpublished WO-A-05/73357 and used in hard surface cleaners.
• the polymers can be obtained by reacting components (a), if desired (b) and (c). They can thus be present in crosslinked or uncrosslinked form, component (a) in each case having been modified with component (c).
• components (a) and (b) are preferably used in a molar ratio of 100: 1 to 1: 1000, particularly preferably 20: 1 to 1:20.
• the molar ratio of components (a) and (c) is chosen such that the molar ratio of the hydrogen atoms on the nitrogen in (a) to component (c) is 1: 0.7 to 1: 0.9, preferably 1: 0 , 75 to 1: 0.85.
• the polymers to be used according to the invention are crosslinked polymers, ie. h., Up to 2%, preferably up to 1, 5%, particularly preferably up to 1%, of the active N-H bonds present in component (a) are reacted with a crosslinking agent (b).
• polyalkylenepolyamines polyamidoamines or grafted with ethylenimine polyamidoamines, each having an average molecular weight M w from 20,000 to 2,000,000, preferably from 20,000 to 1,000,000 (each determined by light scattering), or Mixtures of these compounds.
• polyalkylenepolyamines is understood here to mean compounds which contain at least 3 nitrogen atoms, such as diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, pentaethylenehexamine, diaminopropylenethylenediamine, trisaminopropylamine and polyethyleneimines.
• the polyalkylenepolyamines may be partially amidated. Products of this type are prepared, for example, by reaction of polyalkylenepolyamines with carboxylic acids, carboxylic esters, carboxylic anhydrides or carboxylic acid halides. Amidated polyalkylenepolyamines are preferably amidated for the subsequent reactions to 1 to 30%, particularly preferably up to 20%. They must still have free NH groups so that they can be reacted with the compounds (b) and (c). Suitable carboxylic acids for the amidation of the polyalkylenepolyamines are saturated and unsaturated aliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acids having generally 1 to 28 carbon atoms, e.g.
• Formic acid acetic acid, propionic acid, benzoic acid, lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and behenic acid.
• an amidation by reaction of the polyalkylenepolyamines with alkyldiketenes is possible.
• the polyalkyleneamines can also be used in partially quaternized form as component (a).
• Suitable quaternizing agents are e.g. Alkyl halides, such as methyl chloride, ethyl chloride, butyl chloride, epichlorohydrin and hexyl chloride, dialkyl sulfates, such as dimethyl sulfate and diethyl sulfate, and benzyl chloride. If quaternized polyalkylenepolyamines are used as component (a), their degree of quaternization is preferably 1 to 30%, particularly preferably up to 20%.
• the suitable also as the component (a) are polyamidoamines contain, for example 0 dicarboxylic acids with polyalkylenepolyamines which preferably 3 to 10 basic nitrogen atoms in the molecule by reacting C 4 -C available.
• suitable dicarboxylic acids are succinic acid, maleic acid, adipic acid, glutaric acid, suberic acid, sebacic acid or terephthalic acid. It is also possible to use mixtures of carboxylic acids, for example mixtures of adipic acid with glutaric acid or adipic acid. Adipic acid is preferably used to prepare the polyamidoamines.
• Suitable polyalkylenepolyamines which are condensed with the dicarboxylic acids have already been mentioned above, for example diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, dipropylenetriamine, tripropylenetetramine, dihexamethylenetriamine, aminopropylethylenediamine and bisaminopropylethylenediamine are suitable.
• the polyalkylenepolyamines can also be used in the form of mixtures in the preparation of the polyamidoamines.
• the preparation of the polyamidoamines is preferably carried out in bulk, but may also be carried out in inert solvents, if appropriate.
• the condensation of the dicarboxylic acids with the polyalkylene polyamines is carried out at higher temperatures, for example in the range from 120 to 220 C.
• the 9 formed during the reaction Water is distilled off from the reaction mixture.
• the condensation may optionally be carried out in the presence of lactones or lactams of carboxylic acids having 4 to 8 carbon atoms.
• from 0.8 to 1.4 mol of a polyalkylenepolyamine are used per mole of dicarboxylic acid.
• the polyamido amines obtainable in this way have primary and secondary NH groups and are soluble in water.
• the polyamido-amines which are likewise suitable as component (a) and are grafted with ethyleneimine can be prepared by reacting ethyleneimine in the presence of Bronsted or Lewis acids, e.g. Sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid or boron trifluoride etherate, to act on the above-described polyamidoamines. Under the conditions mentioned, ethyleneimine is grafted onto the polyamidoamine. For example, can be grafted per basic nitrogen in the polyamidoamine 1 to 10 Ethyleniminhimen.
• Preferred component (a) are polyalkylenepolyamines. Particular preference is given to polyalkylenepolyamines, in particular polyethyleneimines, having an average molecular weight M w of from 20,000 to 2,000,000, in particular from 20,000 to 1,000,000 and in particular from 20,000 to 750,000.
• At least bifunctional crosslinkers are suitable which have as functional groups a halohydrin, glycidyl, aziridine or isocyanate unit or a halogen atom.
• Suitable crosslinkers are, for example, epihalohydrins, preferably epichlorohydrin, and also ⁇ , ⁇ -bis (chlorohydrin) polyalkylene glycol ethers and the ⁇ , ⁇ -bis-epoxides of polyalkylene glycol ethers obtainable therefrom by treatment with bases.
• the chlorohydrin ethers can be prepared, for example, by reacting polyalkylene glycols and epichlorohydrin in a molar ratio of 1: 2 to 1: 5.
• Suitable polyalkylene glycols are, for example, polyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycols and polybutylene glycols, and also block copolymers of C 2 -C 4 -alkylene oxides.
• the average molecular weights M w of the polyalkylene glycols are generally 100 to 6,000, preferably 300 to 2,000.
• ⁇ , ⁇ -bis (chlorohydrin) polyalkylene glycol ethers are described, for example, in US Pat. No. 4,144,123. There is also described that the bisglycidyl ethers are obtainable by treatment of the corresponding dichlorohydrin ethers with bases.
• crosslinkers are ⁇ , ⁇ -dichloropolyalkylene glycols, as disclosed, for example, in EP-A-025 515.
• These ⁇ , ⁇ -dichloropolyalkylene glycols are obtainable by reacting dihydric to tetrahydric alcohols, preferably alkoxylated dihydric to tetrahydric alcohols, either with thionyl chloride with elimination of HCl and subsequent catalytic decomposition of the chlorosulfonated compounds with elimination of sulfur dioxide or with phosgene under HCl Split into the corresponding Converted bischloroformate and then decomposed catalytically with elimination of carbon dioxide.
• the dihydric to tetrahydric alcohols are preferably ethoxylated and / or propoxylated glycols which are reacted with from 1 to 100, in particular from 4 to 40, mol of ethylene oxide per mole of glycol.
• crosslinkers are ⁇ , ⁇ or vicinal dichloroalkanes, e.g. 1, 2-dichloroethane, 1, 2-dichloropropane, 1, 3-dichloropropane, 1, 4-dichlorobutane and 1, 6-dichlorohexane.
• crosslinkers are the reaction products of at least trihydric alcohols with epichlorohydrin to give reaction products which have at least two chlorohydrin units.
• glycerol, ethoxylated or propoxylated glycerols, polyglycerols having 2 to 15 glycerol units in the molecule and optionally ethoxylated and / or propoxylated polyglycerols are used as the polyhydric alcohols.
• Crosslinkers of this kind are e.g. known from DE-A-29 16 356.
• crosslinkers containing blocked isocyanate groups e.g. with 2,2,3,6-tetramethylpiperidinone-4 blocked trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate.
• crosslinkers are known, for example, from DE-A-40 28 285.
• crosslinking agents containing aziridine units based on polyethers or substituted hydrocarbons e.g. 1, 6-bis (N-aziridino) hexane, suitable.
• Preferred components (b) are epihalohydrins, in particular epichlorohydrin, ⁇ , ⁇ -bis (chlorohydrin) polyalkylene glycol ethers, ⁇ , ⁇ -bis (epoxides) of the polyalkylene glycol ethers and bisglycidyl ethers of the polyalkylene glycols.
• Component (c) used are monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, their salts, esters, amides or nitriles, chlorocarboxylic acids or glycidyl compounds or mixtures of these compounds.
• Monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids suitable as component (c) preferably have 3 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkenyl radical.
• suitable carboxylic acids are acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, dimethacrylic acid, ethylacrylic acid, allylacetic acid, vinylacetic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, methylenemalonic acid, citraconic acid, oleic acid and linolenic acid. Preference is given here to acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and maleic acid.
• the suitable as component (c) salts of these carboxylic acids are in particular the alkali metal, alkaline earth metal and ammonium salts.
• ammonium salts can be derived from both ammonia and amines or amine derivatives such as ethanolamine, diethanolamine and triethanolamine.
• alkaline earth metal salts are mainly the magnesium and calcium salts into consideration.
• esters of these carboxylic acids are derived in particular from monohydric CrC 2 o alcohols or divalent C 2 -C 6 alcohols.
• esters are (meth) acrylic acid methyl ester, (meth) acrylic acid ethyl ester, (meth) acrylic acid n-propyl ester, (meth) acrylic acid isopropyl ester, (meth) acrylic acid n-butyl ester, (meth) acrylic acid isobutyl ester, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, palmityl (meth) acrylate, lauryl (meth) acrylate, stearyl (meth) acrylate, dimethyl maleate, diethyl maleate, isopropyl maleate, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2- and 3-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate.
• Suitable amides of these carboxylic acids as component (c) are e.g. (Meth) acrylamide and oleic acid amide and the reaction products of these carboxylic acids, in particular of (meth) acrylic acid, with Amidoalkansulfonklaren.
• Particularly suitable amides are the compounds of the formulas I or II
• X is a chemical bond or one of the spacer groups -C (O) -N H- [CH 2 _ n (CH 3) n] - (CH 2) m -, -C (O) NH- or -C (O ) -NH- [CH (CH 2 CH 3 )] - where n is O to 2 and m is O to 3.
• nitriles of the monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids which are suitable as component (c) are, in particular, acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile.
• component (c) is chlorocarboxylic acids which preferably contain 2 to 5 carbon atoms and up to 2 chlorine atoms.
• Particularly suitable Examples are chloroacetic acid, 2-chloropropionic acid, 2-chlorobutyric acid, dichloroacetic acid and 2,2'-dichloropropionic acid.
• component (c) is glycidyl compounds of the formula III
• Preferred compounds of the formula III are glycidyl acid, its sodium, potassium, ammonium, magnesium and calcium salts, glycidyl amide and glycidyl esters, such as methyl glycidylate, ethyl glycidylate, n-propyl glycidylate, n-butyl glycidylate, isobutyl glycidylate, 2-ethylhexyl glycidylate, 2-hydroxypropyl glycidylate and 4-hydroxybutyl glycidylate.
• Particularly preferred are glycidylic acid, its sodium, potassium and ammonium salts and glycidylamide.
• component (c) are monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, in particular acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and maleic acid, acrylic acid being very particularly preferred.
• the water-soluble or water-dispersible polymers to be used according to the invention can be prepared by generally known processes. Suitable manufacturing methods are e.g. in DE-A-42 44 194, according to which either the component (a) is first reacted with the component (c) and only then the component (b) is added or the components (c) and (b) simultaneously be reacted with the component (a).
• the polymers are preferably prepared by first reacting component (a) with component (b) (step i)) and then reacting with component (c) (step ii).
• the crosslinking (step i) can be carried out by known methods.
• the crosslinker (b) is used as an aqueous solution, so that the reaction takes place in aqueous solution.
• the reaction temperature is usually 10 to 200 9 C, preferably 30 to 100 0 C.
• the reaction is usually carried out at atmospheric pressure.
• the reaction times depend on the components (a) and (b) used and are generally 0.5 to 20 h, in particular 1 to 10 h.
• the product obtained can be isolated or preferably reacted directly in the form of the resulting solution in step ii).
• step ii) the reaction of the product obtained in step i) with those compounds of group (c) which contain a monoethylenically unsaturated double bond, in the manner of a Michael addition, while chlorocarboxylic acids and glycidyl compounds of formula III via the chlorine group or reacting the epoxide group with the primary or secondary amino groups of the crosslinked product obtained in step i).
• the reaction is usually carried out in aqueous solution at 10 to 200 9 C, preferably at 30 to 100 0 C, and under atmospheric pressure.
• the reaction time depends on the components used and is usually 5 to 100 h, especially 1 to 50 h.
• the polymers to be used according to the invention in detergents act as dispersants for the particulate materials obtained during the washing process.
• the particulate materials may be lime soaps formed by the interaction of detergent and hard tap water, lime formed from the hardness ions of the tap water, or dirt particles from the textiles to be washed, e.g. pigment-containing soil caused by the coloring constituents of tea, coffee, red wine, fruit and fruit juices, vegetables and grass, and cosmetic products, or clay minerals.
• the polymers are particularly preferably used in liquid detergents, but are also interesting for solid detergents due to their dispersing effect on all particulate materials.
• liquid detergent formulations containing in particular the following components:
• (E) 0 to 80% by weight of other common ingredients such as soda, enzymes, perfume, chelating agents, corrosion inhibitors, bleaches, bleach activators, bleach catalysts, dye transfer inhibitors, grayness inhibitors, optical brighteners, soil release polyesters, fiber and color protective additives, silicones , Dyes, bactericides, foam regulators, organic solvents, solubilizers, hydrotropes, thickeners and / or alkanolamines and
• Solid detergent formulations according to the invention preferably have the following composition:
• the solid detergent formulations of the invention may be in powder, granule, extrudate or tablet form.
• Suitable nonionic surfactants (B) are, in particular:
• Alkoxylated C 8 -C 22 -alcohols such as fatty alcohol alkoxylates, oxo alcohol alkoxylates and Guerbet alcohol ethoxylates:
• the alkoxylation can be carried out with ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and / or butylene oxide.
• Preferred alkylene oxide is ethylene oxide.
• the alcohols preferably have 10 to 18 carbon atoms.
• N-alkylglucamides fatty acid amide alkoxylates, fatty acid alkanolamide alkoxylates and block copolymers of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and / or butylene oxide.
• Suitable anionic surfactants are, for example:
• Sulfated alkoxylated C 8 -C 22 alcohols (alkyl ether): Compounds of this type are prepared, for example characterized in that firstly a C 8 -C 22 -, preferably a pre-Cio-Ci 8 alcohol, for example a fatty alcohol alkoxylated and
• Alkoxylation then sulfated is preferably used ethylene oxide.
• Linear C 8 -C 20 -alkylbenzenesulfonates LAS
• LAS linear C 8 -C 3 -alkylbenzenesulfonates and -alkyltoluenesulfonates.
• Alkanesulfonates in particular C 8 -C 24 -, preferably Cio-Ci 8 -Alkansulfonate.
• Soaps such as the Na and K salts of C 8 -C 24 carboxylic acids.
• the anionic surfactants are preferably added to the detergent in the form of salts.
• Suitable salts are e.g. Alkali metal salts such as sodium, potassium and lithium salts, and ammonium salts such as hydroxyethylammonium, di (hydroxyethyl) ammonium and tri (hydroxyethyl) ammonium salts.
• Particularly suitable cationic surfactants are:
• Esterquats in particular quaternary esterified mono-, di- and trialkanolamines esterified with C 8 -C 22 -carboxylic acids;
• Imidazolinquats in particular 1-Alkylimidazoliniumsalze of the formulas IV or V.
• R 1 is C 7 -C 22 alkyl
• Suitable amphoteric surfactants are e.g. Alkyl betaines, alkyl amide betaines, aminopropionates, aminoglycinates and amphoteric imidazolium compounds.
• Suitable inorganic builders are, in particular:
• Crystalline and amorphous aluminosilicates with ion-exchanging properties in particular zeolites:
• zeolites Various types are suitable, in particular the zeolites A, X, B, P, MAP and HS in their Na form or in forms in which Na partially opposes other cations as Li, K, Ca, Mg or ammonium is exchanged.
• Crystalline silicates in particular disilicates and sheet silicates, for example ⁇ - and ⁇ -Na 2 Si 2 O 5
• the silicates may be used in the form of their alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or ammonium salts, preference being given to the Na, Li and Mg silicates ,
• Amorphous silicates such as sodium metasilicate and amorphous disilicate.
• Carbonates and bicarbonates These can be used in the form of their alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or ammonium salts. Preference is given to Na, Li and Mg carbonates and hydrogen carbonates, in particular sodium carbonate and / or sodium bicarbonate.
• Polyphosphates such as pentasodium triphosphate.
• organic cobuilders are particularly suitable:
• carboxylic acids such as citric acid, hydrophobically modified citric acid, z. , Agaricic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, gluconic acid, glutaric acid, succinic acid, imidodisuccinic acid, oxydisuccinic acid, propane tricarboxylic acid, butanetetracarboxylic acid, cyclopentanetetracarboxylic acid, alkyl and alkenylsuccinic acids and aminopolycarboxylic acids, e.g.
• Nitrilotriacetic acid Nitrilotriacetic acid, .beta.-alanine diacetic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, serinediacetic acid, isoserinediacetic acid, N- (2-hydroxyethyl) iminodiacetic acid, ethylenediamine disuccinic acid and methyl- and ethylglycinediacetic acid.
• Oligomeric and polymeric carboxylic acids such as homopolymers of acrylic acid and aspartic acid, oligomaleic acids, copolymers of maleic acid with acrylic acid,
• Methacrylic acid or C 2 -C 22 olefins such as isobutene or long-chain ⁇ -olefins, vinyl-d-Cs-alkyl ethers, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, (meth) acrylate of C r C 8 alcohols and styrene.
• Preferred are the homopolymers of acrylic acid and copolymers of acrylic acid with maleic acid.
• the oligomeric and polymeric carboxylic acids are used in acid form or as the sodium salt.
• Suitable bleaching agents are, for example, adducts of hydrogen peroxide with inorganic salts, such as sodium perborate monohydrate, sodium perborate tetrahydrate and sodium carbonate perhydrate, and percarboxylic acids, such as phthalimidopercaproic acid.
• Suitable bleach activators are e.g. N, N, N ', N'-tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED), sodium p-nonanoyloxybenzenesulfonate and N-methylmorpholinium acetonitrile methyl sulfate.
• TAED tetraacetylethylenediamine
• Enzymes preferably used in detergents are proteases, lipases, amylases, cellulases, oxidases and peroxidases.
• Suitable color transfer inhibitors are, for example, homo-, co- and graft polymers of 1-vinylpyrrolidone, 1-vinylimidazole or 4-vinylpyridine-N-oxide. Homo- and copolymers of 4-vinylpyridine reacted with chloroacetic acid are also suitable as color transfer inhibitors.
• Detergent ingredients are otherwise well known. Detailed descriptions are z. In WO-A-99/06524 and 99/04313; in Liquid Detergents, Editor: Kuo- Yann Lai, Surfactant Sei. Ser., Vol. 67, Marcel Decker, New York, 1997, p. 272-304, to find.
• a viscous, yellow-orange polymer solution having a solids content of 42% by weight was obtained.
• the polymer had (wt measured in 1. -% aqueous solution at 25 9 C) a K value of 17, and had a degree of conversion of 80%, based on the NH bonds in the polyethyleneimine on.
• a viscous, yellow-orange polymer solution having a solids content of 44.1 wt .-% was obtained.
• the polymer had (wt measured in 1. -% aqueous solution at 25 9 C) a K value of 23.1, and had a degree of conversion of 80%, based on the NH bonds in the polyethyleneimine on.
• Comparative Polymer 1 The procedure was analogous to the preparation of polymer 1, but only 50% of the NH bonds were reacted with acrylic acid.
• Cotton test fabric (BW 283, Reichenbach, Einbeck, and EMPA 211, Eidgenössische Materialologies GmbH, St. Gallen, Switzerland) was then washed under the washing conditions listed in Table 2.
• the ash content of the test fabric which is a measure of the inorganic deposits on the fabric, was determined by ashing at 700 ° C.
• a mixture of 15 ml of a 0.5 wt .-% aqueous sodium oleate solution and 15 ml of a 1 wt .-% aqueous solution of polymer 1 or 2 was made up to 60 ml with deionized water. Then a glass plate (3.5 x 7.5 cm) was hung in the stirred solution for 1 min. Then, 30 ml of deionized water to which 750 ppm of calcium and 250 ppm of magnesium in the form of the chlorides had been added, and the whole mixture was stirred for additional 5 minutes.

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• 2005
  • 2005-01-26 DE DE102005003715A patent/DE102005003715A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2006
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