WO2006043428A1 - ポリオレフィン系グラフト共重合体の製造方法 - Google Patents
ポリオレフィン系グラフト共重合体の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006043428A1 WO2006043428A1 PCT/JP2005/018555 JP2005018555W WO2006043428A1 WO 2006043428 A1 WO2006043428 A1 WO 2006043428A1 JP 2005018555 W JP2005018555 W JP 2005018555W WO 2006043428 A1 WO2006043428 A1 WO 2006043428A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F290/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups
- C08F290/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups on to polymers modified by introduction of unsaturated side groups
- C08F290/12—Polymers provided for in subclasses C08C or C08F
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polyolefin graft copolymer produced by polymerizing an olefin monomer in a macromonomer latex using a coordination polymerization catalyst.
- Polyolefin resin is industrially produced by coordination polymerization.
- Coordination of olefins Ziegler-Natta catalysts and meta-octacene catalysts are well known as polymerization catalysts.
- transition metal based coordination polymerization catalyst when such a transition metal based coordination polymerization catalyst is used, there is a problem that the polar compound reacts or coordinates with the catalytically active species of the complex to lose its activity or decompose. For this reason, it has been difficult to copolymerize a monomer having a polar functional group with polyolefin to impart functionality or to conduct olefin polymerization in an emulsion polymerization system.
- Non-Patent Document 1 Non-Patent Document 2, Non-Patent Document 3
- polar solvents such as tetrahydrofuran, ether, acetone, ethyl acetate, water
- Polyolefins can be polymerized without losing the activity even in the presence of water, and a copolymer with a polar monomer such as a polar vinyl monomer such as an alkyl acrylate can also be obtained.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing a macromonomer and an olefin-based monomer to solve these problems.
- a (meth) acrylic macromonomer or isobutylene macromonomer produced by solution polymerization, emulsion polymerization or the like can be used as an example of a macromonomer.
- the macromonomer is used in the latex state, the dispersibility of the olefin-based monomer is poor and the reaction becomes non-uniform, so that part of the product may become a scale.
- Non-Patent Document 1 Chemical 'Review, 2000, No. 100, 1169 page
- Non-patent document 2 Journal of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, 2000, pp. 58, 293
- Non-Patent Document 3 Angewandte Chemie Internationa
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-147032
- an object of the present invention is to suppress the generation of scale and improve productivity in the production of a graft copolymer of a latex-like macromonomer and a liquid olefin-based monomer.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a polyolefin-based graft copolymer in which a polyolefin monomer is polymerized by a late transition metal-based coordination polymerization catalyst in a macromonomer latex.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a polyolefin-based graft copolymer, wherein the macromonomer is added to a latex in an emulsified state.
- the coordination polymerization catalyst of the late transition metal complex system is a complex comprising a ligand having two imine nitrogens and a transition metal having a group 8 to 10 force selected from the periodic table.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a polyolefin-based graft copolymer.
- the late transition metal complex-based coordination polymerization catalyst is a complex comprising a (X-dimine type ligand and a transition metal having a group 10 force in the periodic table). And a method for producing a polyolefin-based graft copolymer.
- the late transition metal complex-based coordination polymerization catalyst is an active species represented by the following general formula (1) or general formula (2) after reaction with the cocatalyst.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a polyolefin graft copolymer. [0011] [Chemical 1]
- M is palladium or nickel.
- R 1 and R 2 each independently represent 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- R 1 and R 2 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- R is
- X is an organic group having a heteroatom that can coordinate to M, and may be connected to R, or X may not exist
- R 1 and R 2 each independently represent 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- R is a halogen atom, a hydrogen atom, or an organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
- X is an organic group with a heteroatom that can coordinate to M
- X or X may not be present.
- L is an arbitrary key.
- a preferred embodiment of the present invention is a polyolefin characterized in that it is a poly (meth) acrylic monomer having a monomer power having a group copolymerizable with the macromonomer-powered (meth) acrylic monomer and the olefinic monomer.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a graft copolymer.
- a preferred embodiment relates to a method for producing a polyolefin graft copolymer, wherein the polyolefin in the polyolefin graft copolymer has a 1, ⁇ -structure.
- a preferred embodiment relates to a method for producing a polyolefin graft copolymer, wherein the olefin monomer is 1-hexene.
- a macromonomer and an olefin monomer are copolymerized.
- the generation of scale can be suppressed.
- the production efficiency of the polyolefin copolymer can be improved.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a polyolefin graft copolymer obtained by copolymerizing an olefin monomer with a macromonomer in a latex of a macromonomer using a coordination polymerization catalyst.
- the olefin monomer is preliminarily emulsified and added to the latex of the mouthpiece monomer.
- the polyolefin graft copolymer referred to in the present invention is a copolymer obtained by graft copolymerization of olefin and a macromonomer.
- the macromonomer referred to in the present invention is an oligomer or polymer having a functional group capable of copolymerizing with other monomers.
- the macromonomer used in the present invention needs to have a group capable of copolymerizing with the olefin.
- a group capable of copolymerizing with at least one, preferably 10 or more olefins, per molecule of macromonomer is not particularly limited, but it has a high reactivity of coordination polymerization.
- a (meth) acryl group, an aryl group, and a dicyclopentale group are preferable.
- These functional groups are preferably at the molecular chain ends.
- the main chain structure is known to be linear, cyclic, or branched.
- the macromonomer is in the form of particles, there are various types such as crosslinked particles, non-crosslinked particles, single layer structured particles, multilayer structured particles, and multiphase structured particles.
- the thing of a simple structure is known.
- Various types of functional groups are known, such as in the main chain, in the side chain, at one or both ends of a linear molecule, inside a monolayer or multilayer structure particle, or on the particle surface.
- the production method can be synthesized by various methods such as ion polymerization, cationic polymerization, radical polymerization, coordination polymerization, polycondensation, bulk polymerization, solution polymerization, suspension polymerization, and emulsion polymerization.
- the macromonomer used in the present invention is copolymerized with olefin in the latex state.
- One production method is preferably emulsion polymerization.
- the macromonomer used in the present invention is in the form of particles, it may be a crosslinked particle or a non-crosslinked particle. It may be a uniform particle having only a single layer or a multilayer structure particle having a plurality of layer forces. It may be a salami-like multi-phase structure particle in which other rosin phase is dispersed in the matrix oxalate phase.
- the macromonomer used in the present invention is a uniform particle having only a single layer
- the macromonomer includes various types such as (meth) acrylic, aromatic bull, cyanide bull, and the like. These are known powers that can be suitably used, and are preferably (meth) acrylic macromonomers mainly composed of poly (meth) acrylic acid esters.
- (meth) acrylic means both methacrylic and acrylic.
- the macromonomer used in the present invention is a macromonomer having a multilayer structure
- all layers may be produced by radical polymerization, and radical polymerization is possible on a layer polymerized by a method other than radical polymerization.
- It may be a macromonomer obtained by copolymerizing other monomers.
- the macromonomer having a multilayer structure used in the present invention is a polymer obtained by emulsion polymerization of at least one monomer capable of emulsion polymerization, and a monomer having a different type or composition is emulsified. It is a macromonomer obtained by graft copolymerization by polymerization. Techniques for producing a polymer having a multilayer structure by emulsion polymerization are known, and are disclosed in JP 2001-89648, JP 2002-363372, JP 10-316724, and the like.
- the (meth) acrylic macromonomer which is also an example of the macromonomer used in the present invention and also has a single laminar force, is (A) (meth) acrylic monomer (hereinafter sometimes referred to as compound (A)). And (B) a monomer having a group copolymerizable with at least one radical polymerizable unsaturated group and at least one olefin-based monomer (hereinafter referred to as compound (B) t) in the molecule. It is preferable that it is a (meth) acrylic macromonomer (C) a monomer having a radical polymerizable unsaturated group copolymerizable with the compound (A) and Z or the compound (B).
- the body (hereinafter referred to as compound (C)) may be contained.
- the amount of each component may be used in Mugu any amount, but preferred amount, the compound (A) is preferably from 50 to 99.99 weight 0/0, further ⁇ This preferably 75 99.9% by weight.
- the physical properties that the (meth) acrylic polymer is expected to have, for example, low contact angle, high surface There is a possibility that the effect of improving the physical properties showing polarity or the physical properties that appear as a result of polarity, such as tension, wettability, adhesiveness, paintability, dyeability, high dielectric constant, oil resistance, and high-frequency sealing properties may be reduced.
- the compound (B) is preferably used in an amount of 0.01 to 25% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 10% by weight. If the amount is too small, grafting with the olefin monomer will be insufficient.
- the compound (C) is preferably used in an amount of 0 to 50% by weight, more preferably 0 to 25% by weight. If the amount is too large, there is a possibility that the effect of improving the physical properties expected of the characteristic strength of the (meth) acrylic polymer when the polyolefin graft copolymer is added to the polyolefin resin may be lowered. However, the total of these compound (A), compound (B) and compound (C) is 100% by weight.
- the compound (A) is a component for forming the main skeleton of the (meth) acrylic macromonomer.
- Specific examples of the compound (A) include, for example, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, t-butyl acrylate, 2-ethyl hexyl acrylate, and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate.
- Alkyl acrylates such as 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate and methoxytripropylene glycol acrylate; methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, lauryl methacrylate, benzyl methacrylate
- Methacrylic acid alkyl esters such as glycidyl methacrylate and hydroxymethyl methacrylate
- (meth) acrylic acid such as acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, and acid anhydrides and metal salts thereof, but are not limited thereto. is not.
- (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester having an alkyl group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms is more preferable and more preferable from the viewpoint of availability and economical efficiency of the obtained (meth) acrylic macromonomer.
- N-butyl acrylate, tert-butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, glycidyl methacrylate and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate are preferred.
- These compounds (A) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Component (B) is composed of (A) component and By copolymerization with component (c), a copolymer is formed.
- a group capable of copolymerizing with the olefin monomer is introduced into the side chain or terminal of the copolymer, and the copolymer and olefin It is a component for enabling graft copolymerization with a monomer.
- the group capable of copolymerizing with the olefin-based monomer is not limited by any functional group, and may be contained either inside or at the end of the monomer molecule.
- allyl group (hyolephine structure), cycloalkenyl group, styryl group, and (meth) acryl group are preferred. Particularly, (meth) acryl group, allyl group, and dicyclopentenyl group are preferable. Also, these functional groups are preferably at the molecular chain ends.
- the radical polymerizable unsaturated group of the component (B) is copolymerized with the olefin monomer.
- the possible groups may be the same group or different groups.
- the component (B) has a force (meta) that contains two or more radically polymerizable unsaturated groups (and also groups capable of copolymerizing with olefinic monomers) in one molecule.
- the reaction is stopped when only a part of the radical polymerizable unsaturated groups undergo a radical polymerization reaction, and the resulting (meth) acrylic macromonomer is unreacted radically polymerizable radicals.
- the reaction can be controlled so that a saturated group (and a group copolymerizable with the olefin monomer) remains.
- Representative examples of the compound (B) include, for example, allylic methacrylate, allylic acrylate, diallyl phthalate, triallyl cyanurate, triallyl isocyanurate, ethylene glycol diacrylate, ethylene glycol dicyclopentayl methacrylate. And ethylene glycol dicyclopentaether ether, dicyclopentamethacrylate, dipentapentenyl acrylate, and the like. These compounds (B) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- methacrylic acid methacrylate ethylene glycol dicyclopentaether ether, acrylic acid ethylene glycol dicyclopentaether ether, dicyclopentayl methacrylate, Dicyclopentayl acrylate is preferred.
- the compound (C) is a component for adjusting various physical properties such as elastic modulus, Tg, and refractive index of the (meth) acrylic macromonomer.
- Compound (C) includes compound (A) and Z or Any monomer that can be copolymerized with compound (B) can be used without any particular limitation, and one kind may be used alone, or two or more kinds may be used in combination. Specific examples of such a compound (C) include styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, 1-vinylnaphthalene, 2-vinylnaphthalene, 1,3-butagen, isoprene, black-opened plane, acrylonitrile, and meta-thalitol-tolyl. , Powers such as butyl acetate, butyl ether etc. are not limited to these.
- the (meth) acrylic macromonomer used in the present invention can be produced by a radical (co) polymerization by a usual emulsion polymerization method, and can be obtained as a latex.
- the whole amount of the raw material may be charged at once, or a part of the raw material may be added continuously or intermittently.
- the coordination polymerizable unsaturated group is unevenly distributed in the surface layer portion of the (meth) acrylic macromonomer particle by reacting the compound ( ⁇ ) after adding the compound ( ⁇ ). it can.
- a method of adding after emulsifying a compound ( ⁇ ), compound ( ⁇ ), or a mixture of compounds ( ⁇ ) or a mixture thereof after emulsification with an emulsifier and water, compound ( ⁇ ), A method of adding an emulsifier or an aqueous solution of an emulsifier separately or separately from any one of the compound ( ⁇ ) and the compound (C) or a mixture thereof can be employed.
- the amount of water used for emulsion polymerization is not particularly limited as long as it is an amount necessary for emulsifying compound ( ⁇ ), compound ( ⁇ ) and compound (C).
- a weight of 1 to 20 times the total amount of (ii), compound (ii) and compound (C) may be used. If the amount of water used is too small, the ratio of the hydrophobic compound ( ⁇ ), compound ( ⁇ ) and compound (C) will be so high that the emulsion will not invert to the oil-in-water type. Water is less likely to be a continuous layer. If too much water is used, stability will be poor and production efficiency will be low.
- emulsifiers can be used for the emulsion polymerization, and any emulsifier having a ionic property, cationic property, or nonionic property can be used without any particular limitation.
- ionic emulsifiers such as alkali metal salts of alkylbenzenesulfonic acid, alkali metal salts of alkylsulfuric acid, and alkali metal salts of alkylsulfosuccinic acid are preferred.
- the amount of the emulsifier is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately adjusted depending on the average particle size of the target (meth) acrylic macromonomer, but preferably 100 monomers.
- the amount is 0.1 to 10 parts by weight based on the amount.
- the average particle size of the (meth) acrylic macromonomer can be controlled by using a usual emulsion polymerization technique such as increase or decrease in the amount of emulsifier used.
- the average particle size of the (meth) acrylic macromonomer is preferably from 20 to 20000 nm, more preferably from the viewpoint of showing a good dispersion state when the polyolefin graft copolymer obtained after copolymerization is blended with a thermoplastic resin. Is preferably in the range of 50 to 2000 nm, more preferably 100 to 1000 nm.
- a known polymerization initiator can be used as the polymerization initiator used in the emulsion polymerization.
- persulfates such as potassium persulfate and ammonium persulfate
- t-butyl hydride oral peroxide alkyl hydride oral peroxides such as cumene hydride peroxide
- diacyl peroxides such as benzoyl peroxide
- Dialkyl peroxides such as oxide and t-butylperoxylaurate
- 2,2'-azobisisobuty-t-tolyl, 2,2'-azobis- 2,4 azo compound such as dimethylvale-tolyl, etc.
- persulfates and alkyl hydride peroxides are preferred.
- these initiators may also use a redox catalyst comprising a polymerization initiator and an activator (metal salt or metal complex), a chelating agent, and a reducing agent. wear.
- the polymerization initiator may be a thermal decomposition method or a method using a redox catalyst.
- the pyrolytic method is suitable for obtaining a polymer having a low metal ion content because it is not necessary to add an additive such as a reducing agent or an activator.
- the method using a redox catalyst has the advantages of low V, high reaction temperature, and high reaction rate and easy control of the reaction.
- the reducing agent constituting the redox catalyst for example, glucose, dextrose, sodium formaldehyde, sodium sulfite, sodium bisulfite, sodium thiosulfate, ascorbic acid, isoscorbic acid and the like can be preferably used.
- glucose, dextrose, sodium formaldehyde, sodium sulfite, sodium bisulfite, sodium thiosulfate, ascorbic acid, isoscorbic acid and the like can be preferably used.
- sodium sulfoxylate sodium formaldehyde is particularly preferred because of its low cost and high activity.
- the chelating agent examples include polyaminocarboxylates such as ethylenediamin diacetate, oxycarboxylic acids such as taenoic acid, those forming water-soluble chelate compounds such as condensed phosphates, and dimethyl daroxime, oxine, and dithizone.
- polyaminocarboxylates such as ethylenediamin diacetate
- oxycarboxylic acids such as taenoic acid
- water-soluble chelate compounds such as condensed phosphates, and dimethyl daroxime, oxine, and dithizone.
- polyamines such as ethylenediamin diacetate
- Oxycarboxylic acids such as nocarboxylates and citrate are preferred.
- Examples of the activator include metal salts or metal chelates such as iron, copper, manganese, silver, platinum, vanadium, nickel, chromium, palladium, cobalt, and the like. Iron, copper sulfate, potassium hexanosium (III), and the like.
- the activator and chelating agent may be used as separate components or may be reacted in advance and used as a metal complex.
- the combination of the initiator, the activator, the chelating agent, and the reducing agent is not particularly limited and may be arbitrarily selected.
- Preferred combination of activator Z reducing agent Z chelating agent for example, ferrous sulfate Z glucose Z sodium pyrophosphate, ferrous sulfate Z dextrose Z sodium pyrophosphate, ferrous sulfate Z sodium sulfoxylate formaldehyde Z Ethylenediamine tetrasodium acetate, ferrous sulfate Z sodium sulfoxylate formaldehyde Z citrate, copper sulfate Z sodium sulfoxylate formaldehyde Z citrate, etc.
- ferrous sulfate Z examples include sodium sulfoxylate formaldehyde Z ethylene diamine tetraacetate disodium, ferrous sulfate z sodium sulfoxylate formaldehyde Z citrate, etc. 1S It is not limited to this.
- the preferred amount of the initiator used is 0.005 to 2 parts by weight, more preferably 0.01 to 1 part by weight based on the monomer loo parts by weight.
- a preferable amount of the chelating agent is 0.005 to 5 parts by weight, more preferably 0.01 to 3 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the monomer.
- a preferred use amount of the activator is 0.005 to 2 parts by weight, more preferably 0.01 to 1 part by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the monomer. When the amount used is in this range, it is preferable because the polymerization rate is sufficiently high and the product is less colored and precipitated.
- a chain transfer agent may be used in the emulsion polymerization, if necessary. Any known chain transfer agent can be used without particular limitation. Specific examples include t-dodecyl mercaptan, n-dodecyl mercaptan, n-octyl mercaptan, n-hexyl mercaptan, and the like.
- the reaction temperature during emulsion polymerization is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 0 to 100 ° C, and preferably 30 to 95 ° C.
- the reaction time is not particularly limited, but usually 10 minutes to 24 hours, It is preferably 30 minutes to 12 hours, more preferably 1 hour to 6 hours.
- the types and combinations of the polymers constituting each layer are not particularly limited, and conventionally known ones may be used. There is no limit to the number of layers. It may have two or more layers.
- the polymer constituting each layer may be crystalline or non-crystalline. It may be a rubbery polymer or a hard polymer.
- the combination of polymers in each layer can be arbitrarily selected.
- a core of a rubbery polymer in which a multilayer structure containing at least one layer of a rubbery polymer and at least one layer of a hard polymer is preferred because the resulting copolymer has good handling properties.
- a two-layer structure with a hard polymer shell layer around the layer is particularly preferred.
- the rubbery polymer and the hard polymer mentioned here are the same as those generally meaning in the core-shell polymer field.
- the main chain skeleton of the polymer constituting each layer of the multilayer structure may have a three-dimensional network structure by crosslinking, which may be linear or branched. From the viewpoint that an appropriate elastic modulus can be imparted, it is preferable to take a three-dimensional network structure by crosslinking.
- the macromonomer having a multilayer structure used in the present invention can be produced by a general emulsion polymerization technique.
- a monomer capable of radical polymerization can be emulsion-polymerized to form a first layer, and then a monomer can be added and polymerized to form a second layer, whereby a two-layered macromonomer can be obtained.
- a two-layered macromonomer can be obtained by copolymerizing a radical-initiated monomer and a radical initiator into a polysiloxane latex having radically reactive groups.
- it is possible to increase the number of layers by repeating the polymerization by adding monomers. If necessary, an emulsifier, a polymerization initiator, a chain transfer agent, etc. may be added.
- the same type of emulsifier, polymerization initiator, and chain transfer agent used for the polymerization of each layer of the macromonomer having a multilayer structure may be used for each layer, or different types may be used for each layer. good.
- the particle size of the macromonomer having a multilayer structure used in the present invention is 20 to 20000 nm, preferably 50 to 2000 nm, and more preferably 100 to lOOOnm. And are preferred. When a macromonomer having this particle size is used, the dispersibility of the obtained polyolefin graft copolymer in thermoplastic resin such as polyolefin resin is particularly excellent.
- the average particle size of the macromonomer used in the present invention is determined by dynamic light using Submicron Particle Sizer Model 370 (manufactured by NICOMP, laser single wavelength 632.8 nm) using a sample in which the macromonomer is dispersed in water. It is a volume average particle diameter measured by a scattering method.
- the polymer constituting the rubbery polymer layer has a glass transition temperature of 20 ° C. It is preferable that the temperature is below 0, more preferably 0 ° C or lower, particularly preferably 20 ° C or lower.
- the polymer constituting the hard polymer layer preferably has a glass transition temperature of 30 ° C or higher, more preferably 50 ° C or higher, particularly preferably 80 ° C or higher.
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polymer and its measurement method are obtained from the data of the polymer handbook 4th edition (POLYMER HANDBOOK FORTH E DITION) (John Willy & Sons) for homopolymers. For polymers, the data is used to
- Tg and Tg are the glass transition temperatures of the components, and w and w are the components.
- the weight fraction is 1 2 1 2 minutes.
- the rubber-like polymer and the hard polymer may have a core-shell structure in which the rubber-like polymer layer is on the inside and the hard polymer layer is on the outside, and the rubber-like polymer layer is hard on the outside. You can take the core-shell structure with the polymer layer inside.
- the shell layer may be a partially covered core-shell structure in which only a part of the core layer is covered, or a salami-like structure in which a plurality of core particles are dispersed in the shell layer.
- the handling property of the resulting polyolefin-based graft copolymer can be further improved, it is a core-shell structure in which the rubber-like polymer layer is on the inner side (core) and the hard polymer layer is on the outer side (shell). It is preferable.
- the weight ratio of the rubber-like polymer Z hard polymer is a balance between the handling property of the obtained polyolefin-based graft copolymer and the low elastic modulus of the thermoplastic resin composition containing the graft copolymer. 70Z30 to 95Z5 is preferable from the viewpoint of excellent, and more preferably 80 to 20 to 10.
- Specific examples of the polymer constituting the rubber-like polymer layer include: Gen-based rubber, (meth) attayl rubber, silicone rubber, styrene-gen copolymer rubber, (meth) acryl-silicone. Forces including composite rubbers Among these, (meth) acrylic rubbers and silicone rubbers are preferred.
- the (meth) acrylic rubber referred to in the present invention is a rubber-like polymer having a power of 50% by weight or more of a (meth) acrylic monomer and less than 50% by weight of a monomer copolymerizable therewith.
- the (meth) acrylic monomer constituting the (meth) acrylic rubber is preferably 75% by weight or more, more preferably 90% by weight or more.
- the monomer capable of co-polymerization with this is preferably 25% by weight. %, More preferably 10% by weight.
- the silicone rubber used in the present invention a rubbery polymer becomes organosiloxane 50% by weight or more and with copolymerizable monomers 50 weight 0/0 less force.
- the organosiloxane constituting the silicone rubber is preferably 75% by weight or more, more preferably 90% by weight or more, and the monomer copolymerizable therewith is preferably less than 25% by weight, more preferably 10% by weight. It is.
- a rubbery polymer core hard polymer shell structure which is a preferred example of a macromonomer having a multilayer structure, will be described below.
- a (meth) acrylic rubber which is a preferred example of a polymer constituting the rubbery polymer core,
- (D) a (meth) acrylic monomer (hereinafter referred to as compound (D)) and (E) a monomer having at least two radically polymerizable unsaturated groups in the molecule (hereinafter referred to as compound (E), (Meth) acrylic rubber formed by copolymerization of the compound (D) and a monomer copolymerizable with the compound (D) and Z or the compound (E) (if necessary)
- compound (F) a compound (meth) acrylic monomer (hereinafter referred to as compound (E)) and (E) a monomer having at least two radically polymerizable unsaturated groups in the molecule (hereinafter referred to as compound (E), (Meth) acrylic rubber formed by copolymerization of the compound (D) and a monomer copolymerizable with the compound (D) and Z or the compound (E) (if necessary)
- compound (F) a compound (F).
- the use amount of each component is not particularly limited and may be used
- the compound (E) is preferably 0.01 to 25% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 10% by weight. When the amount used is within this range, the balance between the graft efficiency and the low elastic modulus of the rubber-like polymer and the hard polymer is particularly good.
- the compound is preferably 0 to 50% by weight, more preferably 0 to 25% by weight. However, these compounds (D), compounds (E) and compounds (F) The total is 100% by weight.
- the compound (D) is a component for forming the main skeleton of the (meth) acrylic rubber.
- Specific examples of the compound (D) include, for example, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, and methacrylic acid.
- (meth) acrylic acid ester, such as lauryl is mentioned, it is not limited to these.
- the amount of the (meth) acrylic monomer, which becomes a hard polymer when polymerized with, is copolymerized with the other (D), (E), and (F) components to form a rubbery polymer. Can be used.
- (meth) acrylic acid alkyl esters having an alkyl group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms are preferred from the viewpoint of availability and economical efficiency of the resulting (meth) acrylic rubber, more preferably acrylic acid n —Butyl is preferred.
- These compounds (D) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the compound (E) is a component for enabling graft copolymerization of the rubber-like polymer serving as the core and the hard polymer serving as the shell.
- Part of the compound (E) is a (meth) attayl rubber based on the copolymerization of only one of the radically polymerizable unsaturated groups in the molecule with the compound (D) and the compound (F). Unreacted radically polymerizable unsaturated groups are introduced into it, and copolymerization with a hard polymer becomes possible. In the remainder, a plurality of radically polymerizable unsaturated groups in the molecule react to introduce a crosslinked structure into the (meth) acrylic rubber.
- the compound (E) include, for example, allylic methacrylate, allylic acrylate, diallyl phthalate, triallyl cyanurate, triallyl isocyanurate, ethylene glycol diacrylate, and the like. These compounds (E) may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Of these, allylic methacrylate is preferred.
- the compound (F) is a component for adjusting various physical properties such as elastic modulus, Tg, and refractive index of the (meth) acrylic rubber.
- any monomer that can be copolymerized with the compounds (D) and Z or the compound (E) can be used without any particular limitation.
- One type may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination. Also good.
- Such compound (F) include styrene, a Forces such as methylstyrene, 1-vinylnaphthalene, 2-vinylnaphthalene, 1,3-butadiene, isoprene, black-mouthed prene, acrylonitrile, meta-tallow-tolyl, butyl acetate, butyl ether, etc. Absent.
- the (meth) acrylic rubber can be produced by radical (co) polymerization by an ordinary emulsion polymerization method, and can be obtained as a latex.
- the entire amount of the raw materials may be mixed at one time, or after a part of the raw materials is mixed, the remainder may be added continuously or intermittently.
- the amount of water used in the emulsion polymerization is not particularly limited as long as it is an amount necessary for emulsifying the compound (D), the compound (E) and the compound (F).
- the weight of the compound (E) and the compound (F) may be 1 to 20 times the total amount.
- emulsifier As the emulsifier, the initiator, and the chain transfer agent used in the emulsion polymerization, those mentioned as examples can be preferably used according to the production method of the (meth) acrylic macromonomer.
- Silicone rubber which is another preferred example of the polymer constituting the rubber-like polymer core, is composed of organosiloxane (hereinafter referred to as compound (G)) and a reaction with the compound (G) in the molecule.
- a silicone rubber obtained by reacting a monomer having a functional group and a radically polymerizable unsaturated group (hereinafter referred to as compound (H)) is preferably used, if necessary.
- a compound having a functional group capable of reacting with (G) and Z or compound (H) (hereinafter referred to as compound (I) may be contained.
- the compound (G) is preferably 50 to 99.99 wt%, more preferably from 75 to 99.90 weight 0 / 0 .
- Compound (H) is preferably 0.01 to 25% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to LO weight%. When the amount used is within this range, the graft efficiency of the rubber-like polymer and the hard polymer is particularly good.
- Compound (I) Preferably it is 0-50 weight%, More preferably, it is 0-25 weight%. However, the total of these compounds (G), compound (H) and compound (I) is 100% by weight.
- the compound (G) is a component for constituting the main skeleton of the silicone rubber.
- the compound (G) is a liquid that can be emulsion-polymerized, it can be used with any molecular weight, preferably 1000 or less, particularly preferably 500 or less.
- a linear, cyclic or branched compound can be used. From the economical point of the emulsion polymerization system, a cyclic siloxane is preferred.
- the powerful cyclic siloxane include, for example, hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane, otamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane, tetramethyltetraphenylcyclotetrasiloxane, Examples include enylcyclotetrasiloxane and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,2,3,4-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane.
- Bifunctional alkoxysilanes can also be used as a powerful compound (G), and specific examples thereof include dimethoxydimethylsilane and jetoxydimethylsilane.
- a cyclic siloxane and a bifunctional alkoxysilane can be used in combination.
- These compounds (G) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Compound (H) reacts with compound (G) by its own functional group.
- a radically polymerizable unsaturated group can be introduced into the side chain or terminal of the resulting silicone rubber.
- This radically polymerizable unsaturated group is a component for enabling graft copolymerization of the silicone rubber and the hard polymer shell.
- the group for reacting with the compound (G) includes a hydrolyzable alkoxy group or silanol group bonded to a silicon atom, or a group having a cyclic siloxane structure capable of ring-opening copolymerization with the compound (G). It is preferable to use it.
- the compound (H) include, for example, 3- (meth) ataryloxypropylmethyl dimethyoxysilane, 3- (meth) ataryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3- (meth) atari oral xip oral pyrmethyl Jetoxysilane, alkoxysilane compounds such as 3- (meth) atalyloxypropyltriethoxysilane, and 1, 3, 5, 7-tetrakis ((meth) atalyloxypropyl)-1, 3, 5, 7-tetramethyl Organosiloxanes such as cyclotetrasiloxane, 1,3,5-tris ((meth) ataryloxypropyl) -1,3,5-trimethylcyclotrisiloxane It is particularly preferable in that it is preferable.
- These compounds (H) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Compound (I) is a component for reacting with compound (G) and Z or compound (H) to adjust the physical properties of the silicone rubber.
- a polyfunctional silane compound having at least three hydrolyzable groups bonded to a silicon atom or a partially hydrolyzed condensate thereof is used, a crosslinked structure is introduced into the silicone rubber, and Tg and elastic modulus are introduced. Etc. can be adjusted.
- polyfunctional silane compounds include methyltrimethoxysilane, ethyltrimethoxysilane, methyltri (methoxyethoxy) silane, tetramethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, ethyltriethoxy.
- examples thereof include alkoxysilanes such as silane, and hydrolysis condensates thereof; acetoxysilanes such as methyltriacetoxysilane, etyltriacetoxysilane, and tetraacetoxysilane, and hydrolysis condensates thereof.
- These compounds (I) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the silicone rubber can be produced by a usual polymerization method performed under acidic or basic conditions.
- the compound (G), the compound (H) and the compound (I) used as necessary are converted into an emulsion using a homomixer, a colloid mill, a homogenizer, etc. together with an emulsifier and water.
- Manufacture by adjusting pH to 2-4 with alkylbenzene sulfonic acid or sulfuric acid, polymerizing by heating, and then neutralizing by adding alkali components such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide. be able to.
- stirring may be performed for a certain period of time to reduce the force and pH.
- a portion of the raw materials may be charged and the remaining raw materials may be sequentially added to the emulsion with a reduced pH. May be.
- it may be added as it is or mixed with water and an emulsifier to form an emulsified liquid, but it is preferable to use a method of adding in an emulsified state from the viewpoint of polymerization rate.
- the reaction temperature and time are not particularly limited, but the reaction temperature is preferably from 0 to 100 ° C., more preferably from 50 to 95 ° C., because of easy control of the reaction.
- the reaction time is preferably 1 to 100 hours, more preferably 5 to 50 hours.
- the Si—O—Si bond formed by forming a polyorganosiloxane skeleton is in an equilibrium state between cleavage and bond formation. This equilibrium varies with temperature. The higher the temperature, the easier it is to produce a high molecular weight polyorganosiloxane. Therefore, in order to obtain a high molecular weight polyorganosiloxane, it is preferable that the compound (G) is polymerized by heating and then ripened by cooling to a polymerization temperature or lower. Specifically, the polymerization is carried out at 50 ° C.
- the heating is stopped when the polymerization conversion rate reaches 75 to 90%, more preferably 82 to 89%, and 10 to 50 ° C., preferably 20 to 45%.
- Cool to ° C 5 ⁇ Can be aged for about LOO time.
- the polymerization conversion rate mentioned here means the conversion rate of the compound (G), the compound (H), and optionally the compound (I) in the raw material to a low volatile content.
- the amount of water used in the emulsion polymerization is not particularly limited as long as it is an amount necessary for emulsifying and dispersing the compound (G), the compound (H and the compound (I), and the normal compound (G).
- the weight may be 1 to 20 times the total amount of compound (H) and compound (I).
- any known emulsifier can be used as long as it does not lose the emulsifying ability in the pH range where the reaction is performed.
- strong emulsifiers include alkyl benzene sulfonic acid, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, sodium alkyl sulfate, sodium alkyl sulfosuccinate, sodium polyoxyethylene nouryl ether sulfonate, and the like.
- the amount of the emulsifier is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately adjusted according to the particle size of the target silicone rubber.
- the particle size of the silicone rubber can be controlled using ordinary emulsion polymerization techniques such as increasing or decreasing the amount of emulsifier used. From the viewpoint that the polyolefin graft copolymer obtained after copolymerization has good dispersibility in thermoplastic resin such as polyolefin resin, the particle size of the silicone rubber is preferably 20 to 20000 nm. More preferably, it is in the range of 50 to 2000 nm, particularly preferably 100 to 1000 nm.
- Examples of the polymer constituting the hard polymer shell include polycyanyl vinyl, polyaromatic butyl, poly (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester, maleimide polymer, and the like. Among these, poly (meta ) Acrylic acid alkyl esters are preferred.
- Poly (meth) acrylate alkyl which is a preferred example of a polymer constituting the hard polymer
- the ester is a group of (J) (meth) acrylic monomer (hereinafter referred to as compound (J) t) and (K) molecule with at least one radical-polymerizable unsaturated group and at least one olefin-based monomer. It is preferably a hard polymer obtained by copolymerizing a monomer having a group capable of polymerization (hereinafter referred to as compound (K)), and if necessary, as compound (L), compound ⁇ and And a monomer copolymerizable with ⁇ or compound ( ⁇ ) (hereinafter referred to as compound (L) t).
- the compound (J) is preferably from 50 to 99.99 weight 0/0, more preferably from 75 to 99.9 weight 0/0 It is.
- the compound (K) is preferably used in an amount of 0.01 to 25% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 10% by weight. When the amount of use is within this range, the grafting efficiency and handling properties with the olefin monomer are particularly good.
- the compound (L) is preferably used in an amount of 0 to 50% by weight, more preferably 0 to 25% by weight. However, the total of these compound C, compound ( ⁇ ) and compound (L) is 100% by weight.
- Compound (J) is a component for forming the main skeleton of poly (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester and improving the handling property of the copolymer after grafting the macromonomer or olefin.
- Specific examples of the compound (J) include, for example, t-butyl acrylate, hexadecyl acrylate, phenyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, benzyl methacrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxy methacrylate.
- Forces including (meth) acrylic acid esters such as chill; (meth) acrylic acid such as acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, and acid anhydrides and metal salts thereof are not limited to these.
- (meth) acrylic acid alkyl esters having an alkyl group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms are preferred from the viewpoint of availability and economical efficiency of the obtained hard polymer.
- Particularly preferred are methyl methacrylate and glycidyl methacrylate.
- These compounds (J) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the monomer to be combined can also be used if the amount used is adjusted so that it becomes a hard polymer by copolymerizing with other CO component, ( ⁇ ) component, and (L) component.
- the compound (K) itself forms a copolymer by copolymerizing with the CO component and optionally the (L) component by the radically polymerizable unsaturated group possessed by the compound (K).
- the group that can be copolymerized with the olefin-based monomer is not particularly limited as long as it has any functional group.
- an aryl group, a cycloalkenyl group, a styryl group, and a (meth) attaly group is preferable.
- (meth) acrylic groups, aryl groups, and dicyclopentenyl groups are preferable. These functional groups are preferably at the molecular chain ends.
- the radical-polymerizable unsaturated group and the olefin-based monomer possessed by the component (iii) may be the same group or different groups.
- the component ( ⁇ ) has a force (meta) that contains two or more of the radical polymerizable unsaturated group (and also a group copolymerizable with the olefin monomer) in one molecule.
- the reaction is stopped when only a part of the radical polymerizable unsaturated groups during radical synthesis reacts with the radical polymerization during the synthesis of the acrylic hard shell, and unreacted radical polymerizable unsaturated groups (and The reaction can be controlled so that it remains a force (also a group capable of copolymerizing with olefin monomers).
- Specific examples of the compound ( ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ) include, for example, allylic methacrylate, allylic acrylate, diallyl phthalate, triallyl cyanurate, triallyl isocyanurate, ethylene glycol diacrylate, ethylene glycol dicyclopentayl methacrylate. And ethylene glycol dicyclopentaether ether, dicyclopentamethacrylate, dipentapentenyl acrylate, and the like. These compounds ( ⁇ ) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- methacrylic acid ethylene glycol ethylene glycol dipentole- noreatenore, attalinoleic acid ethyleneglycolonecyclopente-noreatenore, dicyclopente-metataliate. Rate, dicyclopentatalate is preferred.
- the compound (L) is a component for adjusting various physical properties such as elastic modulus, Tg, and refractive index of the poly (meth) acrylic hard shell.
- the specific example is the (meth) acrylic In rubber
- the preference for the compound (F) is the same as in the specific example.
- the poly (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester can be produced by the same method as the above-mentioned (meth) acrylic rubber. By mixing and polymerizing the latex of rubbery polymer, compound ⁇ , compound ( ⁇ ), and if necessary, compound (L), polymerization initiator, emulsifier, chain transfer agent, etc. Monomers can be obtained.
- Known polymerization initiators, emulsifiers, chain transfer agents, and the like used for the emulsion polymerization can be used, and the above-described methods for producing a (meth) acrylic rubber are preferably used as examples. It can be preferably used.
- a coordination polymerization catalyst is used as a catalyst for producing a polyolefin-based graft copolymer.
- a coordination polymerization catalyst is a catalyst that promotes coordination polymerization.
- the coordination polymerization catalyst used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a coordination polymerization catalyst having olefin polymerization activity in the presence of water and a polar compound. Preferable examples include Chemical 'Review (Chemical Review), 2000, No. 100, 1169-120, Chemical Review, 2003, No. 103, 283–315, Organic Synthesis Journal of Chemical Society, 2000, pp. 58, 293, Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2002, pp.
- the complex is composed of a type of ligand and a late transition metal selected from Group 10 force of the periodic table, and more particularly preferably, after the reaction with the cocatalyst, the following general formula (1), Alternatively, a species having the structure represented by the general formula (2) (active species) is preferably used.
- M is palladium or nickel.
- R 1 and R 2 each independently represent 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- R 1 and R 2 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- R is
- X is an organic group having a heteroatom that can be coordinated to M, and may be connected to R, or X does not exist
- M is palladium or nickel.
- R 1 and R 2 each independently represents 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- R is a halogen atom, a hydrogen atom, or an organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
- X is an organic group with a heteroatom that can coordinate to M
- L_ is an arbitrary anion.
- C 1-4 hydrocarbon group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms a methyl group, an ethyl group, an isopropyl group, a t-propyl group, an n-butyl group, and the like are preferable, and a methyl group and an isopropyl group are more preferable.
- Molecules capable of coordinating to M represented by X include jetyl ether, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, acetonitrile, acetic acid, ethyl acetate, water, ethanol, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide. And polar compounds such as propylene carbonate.
- R is a hetero atom, especially a carbon atom such as an ester bond.
- this carbonyl oxygen may coordinate as X. Further, it is known that the olefin is coordinated during polymerization with olefin.
- the counter-one represented by L- is produced together with a cation (M +) by the reaction of a catalyst comprising an a-dimine type ligand and a transition metal and a cocatalyst.
- a catalyst comprising an a-dimine type ligand and a transition metal and a cocatalyst.
- Non-coordinating If it can form an on-pair, it can be shifted! /.
- R and R are preferably hydrocarbon groups, particularly hydrogen atoms, methyl groups, and
- those having a acenaphthene skeleton represented by the general formula (2) are easy to synthesize, have high activity, and are preferable. Furthermore, it is preferable to use an ⁇ -dimine type ligand having a substituted aromatic group at both imine nitrogens because it is effective in terms of steric factors and tends to increase the molecular weight of the polymer. Accordingly, it is preferable that Ar is an aromatic group having a substituent, for example, 2, 6 dimethyl file, 2, 6 diisopropyl file and the like.
- a hydrocarbon group, a halogen group or a hydrogen group is preferred. This is due to the cation (Q +) force of the catalyst described later.
- Metal halide bond or metal-hydrogen bond in the catalyst ⁇ is hydrogen Hydrogen extracts a halogen from the carbon bond to produce a salt, while the catalyst produces active species.
- Is a metal carbon bond! ⁇ is a metal halogen bond! ⁇ generates a cation (M +) that possesses a metal-hydrogen bond, and a co-catalyst key (L-) and a non-coordinating ion This is because it is necessary to form a bearing.
- Specific examples of R include a methyl group, a black mouth group,
- a bromo group or a hydrogen group can be mentioned, and a methyl group or a black mouth group is particularly preferable because of easy synthesis. It is particularly preferable as an auxiliary ligand for the catalyst because olefin is more easily inserted into the M + -carbon bond (or hydrogen bond) than the olefin is inserted into the M + -halogen bond. is there.
- R has an ester bond having a carboxylic oxygen capable of coordinating to M.
- It may be an organic group, for example, a group obtained from methyl butyrate.
- the cocatalyst can be expressed as Q + L-.
- Q include Ag, Li, Na, ⁇ , and ⁇
- Ag is preferable because the halogen extraction reaction is easily completed.
- Na and K are preferable because they are inexpensive.
- L includes BF, B (C F), B (C H (CF)), PF, AsF, SbF, (
- PF, AsF, SbF 1S synthesis is simple and industrial. The point of being easily available is also particularly preferable. From the height of activity, BF, B (CF), B (C
- Rf is a plurality of fluorine groups
- Rf CF, C F, C F, C F, C
- the molar ratio of the late transition metal complex catalyst Z promoter is 1 / 0.1 to LZ10, preferably 1ZO. 5 to LZ2, particularly preferably lZO. It is 75 ⁇ 1 / 1.25.
- olefin-based monomer used in the present invention among the olefin-containing compounds having a carbon-carbon double bond capable of coordination polymerization, those that are liquid at room temperature and normal pressure easily exhibit the effects of the present invention. Is preferable.
- Preferred examples of the olefin-based monomer include olefins having a boiling point of 25 ° C or higher and a carbon number of 5 to 20, such as 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-hexane.
- Examples include decene, 1-eicosene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 3-methyl-1-butene, butyl cyclohexane, cyclopentene, cyclohexene, cyclootaten, norbornene, 5-phenol-2-norbornene, etc. .
- a-olefin (olefinic compound having a carbon-carbon double bond at the end), particularly oc-one-year-old olefin having 10 or less carbon atoms is particularly preferred because of its high polymerization activity.
- Etc olefin monomers
- a small amount of gens such as bur 2 norbornene, ethylidene norbornene, 5 phenyl 2 norbornene, dimethanooctahydronaphthalene and dicyclopentagen may be used in combination.
- the amount of gen used is preferably 0 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 2 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of olefin monomers.
- the amount of used Orefin monomer there is no limitation, et al or that a larger polymer having a molecular weight obtained in good yield, 10 to 10 9 Orefin monomer / active species force molar ratio, more 100 to 10 7 , in particular, 1000 to 10 is preferable.
- the polyolefin in the polyolefin graft copolymer obtained by the present invention has a branched structure, 1, ⁇ -inserted structure (Chem. Rev. 2000, 100%) compared with the previous transition metal complex system. , P. 1169, Journal of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, 2000, p. 58, p. 293), or atactic structure.
- the polyolefin graft copolymer of the present invention is produced under the conditions of emulsion polymerization by dispersing a pre-emulsified olefin monomer and a coordination polymerization catalyst in a macromonomer latex.
- a pre-emulsified olefin monomer and a coordination polymerization catalyst in a macromonomer latex.
- the latex particles may aggregate to generate scale, and the amount of free polyolefin that is not copolymerized with the macromonomer may increase.
- the method of emulsifying the olefin-based monomer is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known method may be used.
- a mixture of water, an emulsifier, and an olefin-based monomer may be used using a device such as a stirrer, homogenizer, or ultrasonic oscillator.
- the amount of water used to emulsify the olefinic monomer is not particularly limited, but it is preferable for the olefinic monomer to be less than 100 wt. 1000 parts by weight. If the amount is too small, emulsification becomes insufficient. If the amount is too large, the amount of liquid to be added increases and the production efficiency decreases.
- the emulsifier used for emulsifying the olefin-based monomer known ones can be used. For example, those mentioned as preferred examples in the description of the emulsifier used for the production of the macromonomer described above can be used.
- the amount of the emulsifier is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.05 to 20 parts by weight, more preferably 0.1 to: LO parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the olefin monomer. If the amount is too small, emulsification becomes insufficient. If the amount is too large, the quality of the resulting olefin-based graft copolymer may be adversely affected.
- the method for adding the coordination polymerization catalyst is not particularly limited.
- a solution dissolved in a water-soluble organic solvent may be added, or a solution dissolved in a water-insoluble organic solvent may be added as it is. May be added after emulsification. From the viewpoint that generation of scale can be further suppressed, it is preferable to add a coordination polymerization catalyst dissolved in a water-insoluble organic solvent after emulsification with water and an emulsifier.
- the order of addition of the macromonomer, the olefin monomer and the coordination polymerization catalyst is not particularly limited. They may be added in any order, may be added in parallel at the same time, or may be added alternately in a plurality of times. The entire amount may be added to the reaction vessel at once, or after a portion is added, the remainder may be added continuously or intermittently. If necessary, additives such as emulsifiers and organic solvents may be added.
- the use ratio of the macromonomer and the olefin-based monomer is an arbitrarily set force. It is preferable to use 1 to 100 parts by weight of the olefin-based monomer with respect to 100 parts by weight of the macromonomer to be used. More preferably it is used. It is also possible to add an olefin monomer in a large excess, stop the reaction when the above preferred amount is polymerized, and remove the unreacted monomer by heating or decompression. When using a large excess of olefin monomer, it is preferable to add 1 to 10 times the amount reacted.
- an organic solvent may be added in order to increase the solubility of the olefin-based monomer and the coordination polymerization catalyst and promote the reaction.
- the solvent is not particularly limited, but aliphatic or aromatic solvents are preferred, and these may be halogenated. Examples include toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, black benzene, dichlorobenzene, pentane, hexane, heptane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, ethylcyclohexane, butyl chloride, methylene chloride, black mouth form. It is done.
- polar solvents such as tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, jetyl ether, acetone, ethanol, methanol, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, and ethyl acetate may be used.
- Particularly preferred examples of such solvents are those that have low water solubility, are relatively impregnated in the macromonomer used, and are readily soluble in the catalyst. Examples of such particularly preferred examples include methylene chloride, chloroform, and chlorobenzene. And butyl chloride.
- solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the total amount of the solvent used is preferably 30% by volume or less, more preferably 10% by volume or less, with respect to the total volume of the reaction solution. Or 100 parts by weight of macromonomer used
- the amount is preferably 150 parts by weight or less, more preferably 50 parts by weight or less. From the standpoint of improving the reaction rate, a larger amount of solvent is preferred to keep the reaction system preferred, and from this point, a smaller amount of solvent is preferred.
- the reaction temperature, pressure, and time for producing the graft copolymer of the present invention are not particularly limited as long as they are arbitrarily selected according to the boiling point and reaction rate of the raw material used, but the reaction can be easily controlled. From the viewpoint of reducing production costs, ordinary conditions under which general emulsion polymerization is carried out are preferred.
- the reaction temperature is preferably 0 to 100 ° C, more preferably 10 to 95 ° C, and even more preferably 30 to 80 ° C.
- the reaction pressure is preferably 0.05 to 3 MPa, more preferably 0.09 to 0.1 lMPa, and the reaction time is preferably 10 minutes to 100 hours, and more preferably 0.5 to 50 hours.
- the temperature and pressure may be constantly kept constant from the start to the end of the reaction, or may be changed continuously or stepwise during the reaction.
- the polyolefin graft copolymer obtained by the present invention is usually obtained as a latex.
- the particle size of the latex the particle size of the raw material macromonomer used and the amount of the reacted olefin monomer can be obtained.
- Thermoplastics such as polyolefin resin, 20 ⁇ ! A force of ⁇ 20,000 nm is preferable, and it is more preferable to select conditions under which 50 to OO nm can be obtained, particularly preferably 100 to 1,000 nm.
- a part of latex particles may be aggregated and precipitated, or free polyolefine may be generated as a by-product and precipitated. It is preferable to carry out the reaction under conditions without such precipitates. In the present invention, such precipitation is suppressed by adding the olefin monomer in a pre-emulsified state.
- the latex containing the polyolefin-based graft copolymer of the present invention obtained by force may be used as it is, or the additives may be added or blended with other latexes. Alternatively, it may be used after adding a process such as dilution, “concentration”, “heat treatment” and degassing. It may be applied to a substrate such as plastic, metal, wood, glass, etc. and used as a coating agent, paint, surface treatment agent, etc., or impregnated in fiber, paper, cloth, carbon fiber, glass wool, etc. And may be used as a modifier, a curing agent, and the like. It can be used as a raw material for fiber-reinforced plastic and cast film.
- the polyolefin graft copolymer of the present invention is obtained by dehydrating a latex containing the same and solidifying it.
- the formed portion can be recovered and used for various purposes.
- methods for recovering solid components from latex include agglomeration by adding electrolytes such as calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, and calcium formate (salting out), methanol, etc. Aggregate by mixing with a hydrophilic organic solvent, or agglomerate solids by mechanical operations such as sonication, high-speed stirring, and centrifugation, or spray drying, heat drying, freeze drying, vacuum drying, etc.
- a method for removing moisture by the drying operation is not limited thereto.
- a washing operation with water and Z or an organic solvent may be carried out at any stage in the series of steps for recovering the polyolefin-based graft copolymer of the present invention from the latex!
- the polyolefin graft copolymer of the present invention can be recovered as a powder or a lump by aggregating the solid components of the latex or drying to remove moisture.
- the dried product is processed into pellets using an extruder or Banbury mixer, etc., or the water-containing (solvent-containing) coagulate obtained through dehydration (desolvation) from the agglomerate is passed through a compression dehydrator.
- thermoplastic resin composition having various functions derived from functional groups contained in a macromonomer by blending the polyolefin-based graft copolymer of the present invention into various thermoplastic resins. Can be manufactured.
- Thermoplastic resins include generally used resins such as polypropylene, polyethylene, ethylene propylene rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, ethylene-grade rubber, polymethylpentene, ethylene cyclic olefin copolymer, ethylene Polyolefins such as butyl acetate copolymer, ethylene glycidyl methacrylate copolymer, ethylene methyl methacrylate copolymer; poly salt butyl, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer, Bull polymers such as styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, styrene acrylonitrile-1N-phenolmaleimide copolymer, at-methylstyrene-1 acrylate-tolyl copolymer; polyester, polycarbonate, polyamide, polyphenylene ether Styrene complexes, polyacetal, polyether ether Ke tons, engineering
- the blending ratio of the thermoplastic resin and the graft copolymer may be appropriately determined so as to obtain a well-balanced physical property of the molded article.
- the amount of the graft copolymer Is 0.1 parts by weight or more, preferably 5 parts by weight or more with respect to 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin.
- the amount of the graft copolymer is thermoplastic. 500 parts by weight or less, preferably 100 parts by weight or less based on 100 parts by weight
- the polyolefin graft copolymer of the present invention contains a polyolefin component, it exhibits good dispersibility even for low polar resins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, and is a functional group contained in a macromonomer. Various functions derived from can be imparted.
- the polyolefin graft copolymer of the present invention is used as a raw material.
- the polymer exhibits physical properties that show polarity or physical properties that appear as a result of polarity, such as low contact angle, high surface tension, surface wettability, adhesion, paintability, dyeability, high dielectric constant, oil resistance, and high-frequency sealability. .
- Polarizing agents adheresiveness, paintability, dyeability, oil resistance, high-frequency sealability, etc.
- thermoplastic resin especially polyolefins, compatibilizers, primers, coating agents, adhesives, paints, polyolefins / fillers
- Thermoplastic elastomer, impact-resistant plastic which is used as a surfactant for mono-based composite materials and polyolefin nanocomposites, and has polyolefin as a resin component and (meth) acrylic rubber as a rubber component Can be used.
- the polyolefin graft copolymer of the present invention has excellent low-temperature characteristics derived from low Tg and silicon. Excellent functionality derived from the content, such as releasability, moldability, gas permeability, water repellency, weather resistance, surface lubricity, low temperature brittleness improver for thermoplastic oils, especially polyolefins, It can be used for plasticizers, flame retardants, impact resistance improvers, slidability imparting agents and the like.
- thermoplastic resin composition containing the graft copolymer of the present invention is a conventional additive known in the plastics and rubber industries, such as plasticizers, stabilizers, lubricants, ultraviolet absorption. It can contain compounding agents such as additives, antioxidants, flame retardants, flame retardant aids, pigments, glass fibers, fillers, and polymer processing aids.
- thermoplastic resin can be used as a method for blending ordinary thermoplastic resin.
- thermoplastic resin can be used.
- the kneading order of the components is not particularly limited, and can be determined according to the equipment used, workability, or physical properties of the obtained thermoplastic resin composition.
- thermoplastic resin is produced by an emulsion polymerization method
- the thermoplastic resin and the graft copolymer are both blended in a latex state, and then co-precipitated (co-deposited). It can also be obtained by aggregating).
- thermoplastic resin composition containing a graft copolymer obtained by caulking for example, an injection molding method, extrusion molding, or the like, which is used for forming an ordinary thermoplastic resin composition, is used. And molding methods such as a blow molding method and a calender molding method.
- a 3L glass separable flask equipped with a stirrer, thermometer, reflux condenser, and dropping funnel was charged with water 2.OL, butyl acrylate 457.9g, methacrylic acid 9.07g, sodium dodecyl sulfate 2. Og and nitrogen. After publishing, the mixture was stirred and emulsified. Under nitrogen flow, the internal temperature was heated to 70 ° C, and 10.07 g of 10% ammonium persulfate aqueous solution was added and reacted for 4 hours. A latex of polybutyl acrylate (PBA) was obtained.
- PBA polybutyl acrylate
- a ZL methylene chloride solution was prepared.
- the mixture was emulsified using a shaker. Further, 120 mg of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 60 mL of water, and 60 mL of hexene were placed in a 4-neck flask purged with argon, and emulsified using an ultrasonic oscillator.
- the polyolefin graft copolymer of the present invention When a (meth) acrylic macromonomer having a single layer structure or a (meth) acrylic rubber (meth) acrylic hard shell multilayered macromonomer is used as a raw material, the polyolefin graft copolymer of the present invention is used.
- the polymer exhibits physical properties that show polarity or physical properties that appear as a result of polarity, such as low contact angle, high surface tension, surface wettability, adhesion, paintability, dyeability, high dielectric constant, oil resistance, and high-frequency sealability. .
- Polarizing agents for thermoplastic resin, especially polyolefins, compatibilizers, primers, coating agents, adhesives, paints, polyolefins / fillers 1 series composite materials and poly It can be used as a surfactant for polyolefin nanocomposites, and can also be used in thermoplastic elastomers and impact-resistant plastics that contain polyolefin as a resin component and (meth) acrylic rubber as a rubber component. .
- the polyolefin graft copolymer of the present invention is derived from excellent low temperature characteristics and silicon content derived from low Tg. Excellent functionality such as releasability, moldability, gas permeability, water repellency, weather resistance, surface lubricity, low temperature brittleness improver, plasticizer, for thermoplastic resin, especially polyolefin It can be used as a flame retardant, impact resistance improver, slidability imparting agent and the like.
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- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Macromonomer-Based Addition Polymer (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
- Polymerization Catalysts (AREA)
- Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)
Abstract
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JP2006542321A JPWO2006043428A1 (ja) | 2004-10-22 | 2005-10-06 | ポリオレフィン系グラフト共重合体の製造方法 |
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JP2004308472 | 2004-10-22 | ||
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WO2006043428A1 true WO2006043428A1 (ja) | 2006-04-27 |
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PCT/JP2005/018555 WO2006043428A1 (ja) | 2004-10-22 | 2005-10-06 | ポリオレフィン系グラフト共重合体の製造方法 |
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JP (1) | JPWO2006043428A1 (ja) |
TW (1) | TW200619245A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006043428A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5207973B2 (ja) * | 2007-08-17 | 2013-06-12 | 株式会社クラレ | 高分子アクチュエータ用誘電体及びそれを用いた高分子アクチュエータ |
CN112759604A (zh) * | 2019-10-21 | 2021-05-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种卤化镁加合物及其制备方法和用于烯烃聚合的催化剂组分及催化剂和烯烃聚合方法 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH06116311A (ja) * | 1992-10-08 | 1994-04-26 | Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd | 水系エマルジョンの製造方法及び感圧性接着剤 |
JP2003147032A (ja) * | 2001-08-31 | 2003-05-21 | Kanegafuchi Chem Ind Co Ltd | 後周期遷移金属錯体系の配位重合触媒によるポリオレフィン系グラフト共重合体とその製造方法 |
JP2004091640A (ja) * | 2002-08-30 | 2004-03-25 | Mitsui Chemicals Inc | ポリオレフィン骨格を有するグラフトポリマー |
JP2005036048A (ja) * | 2003-07-16 | 2005-02-10 | Kaneka Corp | 後周期遷移金属錯体系の配位重合触媒によるポリオレフィン系グラフト共重合体の製造方法 |
-
2005
- 2005-10-06 WO PCT/JP2005/018555 patent/WO2006043428A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2005-10-06 JP JP2006542321A patent/JPWO2006043428A1/ja active Pending
- 2005-10-12 TW TW094135478A patent/TW200619245A/zh unknown
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH06116311A (ja) * | 1992-10-08 | 1994-04-26 | Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd | 水系エマルジョンの製造方法及び感圧性接着剤 |
JP2003147032A (ja) * | 2001-08-31 | 2003-05-21 | Kanegafuchi Chem Ind Co Ltd | 後周期遷移金属錯体系の配位重合触媒によるポリオレフィン系グラフト共重合体とその製造方法 |
JP2004091640A (ja) * | 2002-08-30 | 2004-03-25 | Mitsui Chemicals Inc | ポリオレフィン骨格を有するグラフトポリマー |
JP2005036048A (ja) * | 2003-07-16 | 2005-02-10 | Kaneka Corp | 後周期遷移金属錯体系の配位重合触媒によるポリオレフィン系グラフト共重合体の製造方法 |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5207973B2 (ja) * | 2007-08-17 | 2013-06-12 | 株式会社クラレ | 高分子アクチュエータ用誘電体及びそれを用いた高分子アクチュエータ |
CN112759604A (zh) * | 2019-10-21 | 2021-05-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种卤化镁加合物及其制备方法和用于烯烃聚合的催化剂组分及催化剂和烯烃聚合方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JPWO2006043428A1 (ja) | 2008-05-22 |
TW200619245A (en) | 2006-06-16 |
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