WO2006036029A1 - 光学シート、バックライトおよび液晶表示装置 - Google Patents
光学シート、バックライトおよび液晶表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006036029A1 WO2006036029A1 PCT/JP2005/018579 JP2005018579W WO2006036029A1 WO 2006036029 A1 WO2006036029 A1 WO 2006036029A1 JP 2005018579 W JP2005018579 W JP 2005018579W WO 2006036029 A1 WO2006036029 A1 WO 2006036029A1
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- Prior art keywords
- optical sheet
- cylindrical lens
- sheet
- main surface
- convex portion
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
- G02B5/0273—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use
- G02B5/0294—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use adapted to provide an additional optical effect, e.g. anti-reflection or filter
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/02—Simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces
- G02B3/06—Simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces with cylindrical or toric faces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
- G02B5/0205—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties
- G02B5/021—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place at the element's surface, e.g. by means of surface roughening or microprismatic structures
- G02B5/0215—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place at the element's surface, e.g. by means of surface roughening or microprismatic structures the surface having a regular structure
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
- G02B5/0205—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties
- G02B5/021—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place at the element's surface, e.g. by means of surface roughening or microprismatic structures
- G02B5/0221—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place at the element's surface, e.g. by means of surface roughening or microprismatic structures the surface having an irregular structure
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
- G02B5/0273—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use
- G02B5/0278—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use used in transmission
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
- G02F1/133607—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members the light controlling member including light directing or refracting elements, e.g. prisms or lenses
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an optical sheet capable of enhancing the directivity of light, a backlight provided with the optical sheet, and a liquid crystal display device.
- BACKGROUND ART In recent years, in a liquid crystal display device equipped with a liquid crystal panel, it has become an important issue to increase the commercial value of the liquid crystal display device to reduce power consumption and improve display luminance. Under such circumstances, it is strongly desired to improve the optical gain on the backlight side. Therefore, as a method for meeting this demand, it has been proposed to provide a liquid crystal display device with a prism sheet having a prism array on the illumination light exit side (see, for example, Japanese Patent No. 3 1 4 7 2 0 5). )
- Fig. 1 shows the appearance of a conventional prism sheet.
- Figure 2 shows the XZ cross-sectional shape of a conventional prism sheet.
- the incident light beam is directly reflected by the prism inclined surface after being reflected by the first transmitted light component T 1 that is directly transmitted through the prism inclined surface, and then reflected again by the other prism inclined surface. It can be divided into a return light component R returned to the incident side and a second transmitted light component T 2 that is reflected by one prism slope and then transmitted through the other prism slope and emitted to the front surface of the prism sheet.
- the primary transmitted light component T 1 is a light flux component that is effectively used including light emitted in the front direction.
- the return light component R is a luminous flux component that is effective for increasing the luminance of the light emitting surface by being incident on a diffusing sheet that is regarded as a light emitting surface (surface light source) and diffusely reflected.
- the second transmitted light component ⁇ 2 is a light beam component emitted to the wide angle side outside the effective viewing angle of the liquid crystal panel, and is a light beam component that does not contribute to the improvement of luminance.
- the incident light is refracted and condensed to be condensed in the front direction, and the directivity is improved so as to increase the front luminance.
- the reflected light is diffused and scattered by a diffusion sheet that is regarded as a light emitting surface (surface light source), and as a result, the luminance of the light emitting surface is increased, thereby increasing the front luminance.
- incident light can be divided into a primary transmitted light component ⁇ 1, a second transmitted light component ⁇ 2, and a returning light component R according to the incident angle.
- a part of the light beam emitted from the off-axis virtual light source is totally reflected on one inclined surface of the prism sheet and re-enters the other inclined surface. And is reused as the return light component R. Alternatively, after multiple reflection, it is effectively used as the primary transmitted light component T 1 and the returned light component R to the light source side.
- the light beam emitted from the off-axis virtual light source is totally reflected on one slope of the prism sheet, refracted and transmitted on the other slope, and is emitted to the wide-angle side outside the effective viewing angle of the liquid crystal panel.
- the second-order transmitted light component 2 is a light flux component that is invalid in terms of luminance.
- the polarization separation characteristics may be extremely deteriorated due to the directivity of incidence. Impairs the effective brightness improvement on the LCD panel side.
- a first object of the present invention is to provide an optical sheet that achieves a high luminance distribution within a predetermined viewing angle, and that can improve the luminance by suppressing the generation of the second transmitted light component T 2. It is to provide a backlight and a liquid crystal display device.
- the second object of the present invention is to realize a high luminance distribution within a predetermined viewing angle, to suppress the generation of the second transmitted light component T 2 and to improve the luminance, and to provide a prism sheet.
- the secondary transmitted light re-enters the adjacent prism, enters the inside of the sheet again, is added to the return light, and is reused.
- the primary transmitted light or the return light to the light source after multiple reflection there is secondary transmitted light that is not effectively utilized, so-called sidelobe light.
- Most of these secondary transmitted light is produced by light that is incident from an oblique direction with respect to the principal surface of the prism sheet being totally reflected on one surface of the prism and then refracted and transmitted on the other surface. appear.
- the light incident on the vicinity of the apex of the prism from the direction perpendicular to the principal surface of the prism sheet is totally reflected, so that the primary transmitted light is reduced. End up.
- the present inventor increases the primary transmitted light by refracting and transmitting the light incident on the vicinity of the apex of the prism from the direction perpendicular to the main surface of the prism sheet, and with respect to the main surface of the prism sheet.
- the present invention has been devised based on the above studies.
- the first invention is an optical sheet in which cylindrical lens bodies having a hyperboloid surface or a paraboloid surface are provided so as to continuously form a row on one main surface.
- the optical sheet is characterized in that when the Z-axis is taken parallel to the normal direction of the optical sheet and the X-axis is taken in the direction of the cylindrical lens body, the sectional shape of the cylindrical lens satisfies the following formula: .
- the second invention is a light source that emits illumination light
- Cylindrical lens bodies with hyperboloids or parabolas are continuously arranged To be established,
- the cross-sectional shape of the cylindrical lens satisfies the following formula. .
- a third invention comprises a light source that emits illumination light
- An optical sheet that enhances the directivity of the illumination light emitted from the backlight; a liquid crystal panel that displays an image based on the illumination light emitted from the optical sheet;
- the main surface of the optical sheet is the main surface of the optical sheet.
- Cylindrical lens bodies having hyperboloids or parabolas are provided so as to form a continuous row
- a liquid crystal display device characterized in that when the Z-axis is taken in parallel to the normal direction of the optical sheet and the X-axis is taken in the direction of the cylindrical lens body, the sectional shape of the cylindrical lens satisfies the following formula: is there.
- R is the radius of curvature of the apex of the tip
- K is the conic constant.
- R and the conic constant K satisfy the following numerical ranges. .
- the radius of curvature R and the conic It is preferable that the constant K satisfies the following numerical range. , 0 ⁇ R ⁇ DZ 2
- the radius of curvature R and the conic constant ⁇ satisfy the following numerical ranges.
- the other main surface opposite to the one main surface on which the cylindrical lens body is provided has a convex portion having a height of 0.20 im or more from the average center plane.
- the density of the convex portions is preferably 70 pieces / mm 2 or more and 500 pieces Zmm 2 or less.
- the other main surface opposite to the one main surface on which the cylindrical lens body is provided has a convex portion having a height of 0.20 m or more from the average center plane.
- the other main surface opposite to the one main surface on which the cylindrical lens body is provided is preferable. It is preferable that a convex portion is further provided, and the ridge portion is provided so that the haze of the optical sheet is 60% or less in a state where the cylindrical lens body is not formed.
- a convex portion is further provided on the other principal surface opposite to the one principal surface on which the cylindrical lens body is provided, and the convex portion forms a cylindrical lens body. It is preferable that the optical sheet is provided so that the haze of the optical sheet is 20% or less.
- the cylindrical lens body is provided.
- a convex portion is further provided on the other principal surface opposite to the one principal surface, and the ten-point average roughness SR z of the convex portion is 1 m or more and 15 m or less.
- a convex portion is further provided on the other principal surface opposite to the principal surface on which the cylindrical lens body is provided, and the convex portion has a convex area of 1%.
- the height of the hour is preferably 1-7.
- the other main surface opposite to the one main surface on which the cylindrical lens body is provided is further provided with a convex portion, and the surface on the side where the convex portion is provided It is preferable that the average gradient of the above is 0.25 or less.
- Cylindrical lens body is provided-By providing a convex part on the other main surface opposite to the main surface, the optical sheet can be adhered to the diffusion even when the optical sheet is provided on the diffusion plate. Can be prevented.
- the directivity can be improved, the front luminance can be improved, and the characteristics can be improved by the polarization separation sheet in the subsequent stage, and the display luminance of the liquid crystal panel can be improved while reducing the power consumption. .
- the front luminance can be improved and the characteristics of the polarization separation sheet in the subsequent stage can be improved.
- Display brightness can be improved.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the appearance of a prism sheet
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an XZ section of the prism sheet
- FIG. 3 is a liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of the shape of a lens sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 5 is a method for producing an optical film according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of an extrusion sheet precision molding device used in the process
- Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a partially enlarged XZ section of a conventional prism sheet
- Fig. 7 is a conventional diagram.
- Fig. 8 is a distribution diagram showing the light distribution characteristics of the prism sheet of the example
- Fig. 8 is a distribution diagram showing the field of view characteristics of the prism sheet of the conventional example
- Fig. 9 is a partially enlarged XZ section of the lens sheet of Example 1.
- Figure 10 shows the orientation characteristics of the lens sheet of Example 1.
- Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram showing a partially enlarged XZ cross section of the lens sheet of Example 2
- Fig. 12 is a distribution diagram showing the orientation characteristics of the lens sheet of Example 2.
- Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram showing a partially enlarged XZ section of the lens sheet of Example 3.
- Fig. 14 is a distribution diagram showing the orientation characteristics of the lens sheet of Example 3.
- Fig. 15 Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram showing a partially enlarged XZ section of the lens sheet of Example 4
- Fig. 16 is a distribution diagram showing the orientation characteristics of the lens sheet of Example 4
- Fig. 17 is an example.
- Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram showing a partially enlarged XZ cross section of the lens sheet of Example 2
- Fig. 12 is a distribution diagram showing the orientation characteristics of the lens sheet of Example 2.
- Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram showing a partially enlarged XZ section of the lens sheet
- FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing a partially enlarged XZ section of the lens sheet of Fig. 5.
- Fig. 18 is a distribution diagram showing the orientation characteristics of the lens sheet of Example 5.
- Fig. 19 is the lens sheet of Example 6.
- FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram showing a partially enlarged XZ cross section of the lens sheet of Example 6.
- Fig. 21 is a schematic diagram showing a partially enlarged XZ section of the lens sheet of Example 7, and Fig. 22 shows the direction characteristic of the lens sheet of Example 7.
- Fig. 23 is a schematic diagram showing a partially enlarged XZ cross section of the lens sheet of Example 8.
- Fig. 24 is a distribution diagram showing the orientation characteristics of the lens sheet of Example 8.
- Fig. 20 is a schematic diagram showing a partially enlarged XZ cross section of the lens sheet of Example 6.
- Fig. 21 is a schematic diagram showing a partially enlarged XZ section of the lens sheet of Example 7
- Fig. 22 shows the direction characteristic of the
- Fig. 25 shows the peak luminance distribution according to the change in the radius of curvature R of the apex of the tip and the aspherical coefficient A.
- Graph showing the change in peak luminance distribution with respect to Fig. 27, Fig. 27 is a schematic diagram showing a partially enlarged cross section of the lens sheet of Comparative Example 1, and Fig. 28 shows the field of view of the lens sheet of Comparative Example 1.
- Fig. 29 is a schematic diagram showing the characteristics, Fig. 29 is a schematic diagram showing a partially enlarged cross section of the lens sheet of Comparative Example 2, and Fig. 30 shows Comparative Example 2.
- Fig. 31 is a schematic diagram showing the visual field characteristics of the lens sheet of Example 10
- Fig. 3 2 is a table showing the evaluation results of the lens sheet
- Fig. 3 3 Fig. 34 is a table showing the evaluation results of the lens sheet.
- Fig. 34 is a graph showing the relationship between the number of protrusions of 0.2 m or more and the relative luminance value.
- Fig. 35 is 0.2 m.
- Fig. 36 shows the relationship between the number of protrusions and the appearance blur.
- Fig. 36 shows the relationship between the distance between protrusions of 0.2 am or more and the relative luminance value.
- Fig. 37 shows the relationship between Fig.
- FIG. 38 is a graph showing the relationship between the distance between convex portions of 2 m or more and the sliding test result.
- Fig. 38 is a graph showing the relationship between the interval between convex portions of 0.2 m or more and the appearance blur.
- Fig. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the ten-point average roughness SR z and the relative luminance value.
- Fig. 40 is a graph showing the relationship between the ten-point average roughness SR z and the sliding test results.
- Figure 1 shows a convex surface Graph showing the relationship between height at 1% product and relative luminance value
- Fig. 4 2 shows the relationship between height at 1% convex area and sliding test results
- Fig. 4 3 shows haze FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing one structural example of a liquid crystal display device according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- this liquid crystal display device includes a backlight 1 and a liquid crystal panel 2.
- the backlight 1 is a direct type will be described, but the backlight 1 may be an edge-light type (side-light type).
- the backlight 1 is for supplying light to the liquid crystal panel 2, and is placed immediately below the liquid crystal panel 2.
- the liquid crystal panel 2 is for displaying information by temporally and spatially modulating the light supplied from the backlight 1.
- Polarizers 2 a and 2 b are provided on both sides of the liquid crystal panel 2.
- the polarizing plate 2 a and the polarizing plate 2 b allow only one of orthogonally polarized components of incident light to pass through and block the other by absorption.
- the polarizing plate 2 a and the polarizing plate 2 b are provided so that their transmission axes are orthogonal to each other.
- the pack light 1 includes, for example, a reflection plate 1 1, 1 or a plurality of light sources 1 2, a diffusion plate 1 3, a diffusion sheet 1 7, a lens sheet 14, and a reflective polarizer 1 8 Is provided.
- the one or more light sources 12 are for supplying light to the liquid crystal panel 2 and are, for example, fluorescent lamps (FL), EL (Electro Luminescence), or LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes).
- Reflector 1 1 covers the bottom and sides of one or more light sources 1 '2 Provided to reflect the light emitted downward or laterally from one or more light sources 12 and direct it toward the liquid crystal panel 2. Note that a chassis may be provided in place of the reflector 11.
- the diffusing plate 1 3 is provided above the one or more light sources 1 2 and diffuses the light emitted from the one or more light sources 1 2 and the reflected light from the reflecting plate 1 1 to make the luminance uniform. It is.
- the diffusion sheet 17 is provided on the diffusion plate 13 and serves to diffuse at least the light diffused by the diffusion plate 17. Further, the diffusion sheet 17 may further have a function of condensing light.
- a lens sheet 14 as an example of an optical sheet is provided above the diffusion sheet 13 to improve the directivity of irradiation light and the like.
- the reflective polarizer 18 is provided on the lens sheet 14, and transmits only one of the orthogonal polarization components among the light whose directionality is enhanced by the lens sheet 14, and reflects the other. .
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of the shape of the lens sheet 14 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- the lens sheet 14 has a sheet shape.
- the lens sheet 14 When the lens sheet 14 is viewed from the main surface side, the lens sheet 14 has, for example, a rectangular shape.
- the sheet includes not only a film but also various thin plates having flexibility or a certain degree of hardness.
- one main surface on the side where light from the light source 12 enters is referred to as a back surface
- the other main surface on the side from which light from the light source 12 is output is referred to as a front surface.
- a plurality of convex portions 16 are provided on the back surface side of the lens sheet 14, and a symmetrical hyperboloid or parabolic cylindrical lens body 15 is provided on the front surface side of the lens sheet 14. Many continuous in the direction perpendicular to the parabolic generatrix Is provided.
- the cylindrical lens body 15 has a focal length fa on the side from which the light from the light source 12 is emitted. As shown in FIG. 4, the X axis is parallel to the column direction of the cylindrical lens body 15, the Y axis is parallel to the generatrix direction of the cylindrical lens body 15, and the normal direction of the lens sheet 14 is Take the Z axis in parallel.
- the width of the cylindrical lens body 15 provided on the surface side of the lens sheet 14, that is, the structural unit width (pitch) D is selected from the range of 10 to 120 m, preferably selected according to the pixels of the liquid crystal panel. .
- the structural unit width D is preferably selected from the range of 50 to 100 m.
- the structural unit width D is preferably selected from the range of 10 to 80 m.
- the lens sheet 14 is provided between the diffusion sheet 13 and the liquid crystal panel 2 so that the side on which the plurality of cylindrical force lens bodies 15 are provided faces the liquid crystal panel 2.
- the XZ cross-sectional shape of the cylindrical lens body 15 satisfies the following formula (1).
- T X 2 / (R + (R 2 — (1 + K) X 2 )) (1) where R is the radius of curvature of the tip apex and K is the conic constant.
- R is the radius of curvature of the tip apex and K is the conic constant.
- T means the square root of the value obtained by the following formula.
- the tip it is preferable that the radius of curvature R of the vertex and the conic constant K be in the numerical range of 0 ⁇ R ⁇ 2 5 zm, 1 ⁇ 3 ⁇ K ⁇ 1, 0 and R ⁇ 20 m, ⁇ 3 ⁇ K ⁇ 1 It is more preferable to use a numerical range.
- the radius of curvature R and conic constant K of the apex of the tip be in the numerical range of 0 to R ⁇ 20 m, 14 to K ⁇ 1. 0 ⁇ R ⁇ 10 m, ⁇ 3 ⁇ K ⁇ —1 is more preferable, and 0 ⁇ R ⁇ 8 m, and 1 ⁇ 3 ⁇ K ⁇ ⁇ 1 is more preferable.
- the radius of curvature R of the tip apex and the conic constant K be in the numerical range of 0 ⁇ ⁇ 8 0 ⁇ and 1 ⁇ 4 ⁇ ⁇ 1. It is more preferable that the numerical value range is 0 ⁇ R ⁇ 4 0 ⁇ , 1 ⁇ 3 ⁇ _1, more preferably 0 ⁇ R ⁇ 32 m, 1 ⁇ 3 ⁇ K ⁇ —1.
- the height of the convex portion 16 provided on the back surface of the lens sheet 14 is preferably not less than 0.20 mm from the average center plane (JIS ⁇ 0 6 0 1 — 1 9 94).
- the density of the convex portions 1 6 with 0. 2 0 m or more height from the average central plane is preferably in a 7 zero ZMM 2 or more 5 0 0 ZMM 2 or less.
- the average interval between the convex portions 16 having a height of 0.20 zm from the average central plane is in the range of 50 / zm or more and 120 m or less.
- the convex portion 16 provided on the back surface of the lens sheet 14 may be provided so that the haze of the lens sheet 14 is 60% or less in a state where the cylindrical lens body 15 is not formed.
- the lens sheet 14 is provided with a haze of 20% or less.
- the convex portion 16 provided on the back surface of the lens sheet 14 has a ten-point average roughness.
- SR z is preferably set to be in the range of 1 im to 1 5 // m.
- the convex portion 16 on the one main surface side of the lens sheet 14 is preferably provided so that the height when the convex portion is 1% of the convex portion area is 1 or more and 7 or less.
- this extruded sheet precision forming apparatus includes an extruder 21, a clove 22, a forming roll 2 3, an elastic roll 24, and a cooling roll 25.
- thermoplastic resin having a refractive index of 1.4 or more.
- a resin include a polystrength resin resin, an acrylic resin typified by a polymethyl methacrylate resin, a polyester resin typified by a polyethylene terephthalate, an amorphous copolymer polyester resin, a polystyrene resin, A polyvinyl chloride resin etc. are mentioned.
- the melt viscosity in the vicinity of the molding temperature is preferably not less than 100000 Pa and not more than 100 00 Pa.
- thermoplastic resin e.g., polystyrene resin
- a release agent in this way, the adhesion between the forming roll 23 and the sheet when the sheet is peeled off from the forming roll 23. By adjusting the, the peeling line can be prevented from entering the lens sheet 14.
- the amount of release agent added to the thermoplastic resin is preferably in the range of 0.02 1;% or more and 0.4 wt% or less. If it is less than 0.02 wt%, the releasability deteriorates, and a peeling line enters the lens sheet 14. On the other hand, if it exceeds 0.4 wt%, the releasability becomes too good, and the transparent thermoplastic resin peels off on the molding port 23 before solidifying, and the shape of the cylindrical lens body 15 Will cause a problem that will collapse.
- At least one ultraviolet absorber or light stabilizer is contained in the thermoplastic resin.
- the amount of the ultraviolet absorber or light stabilizer added to the thermoplastic resin is preferably 0.02 wt% or more and 0.4 wt% or less. If it is less than 0.02 wt%, the hue change cannot be suppressed. On the other hand, if it exceeds 0.4 w t%, the lens sheet 14 becomes yellowish.
- UV absorbers examples include salicylic acid, benzophenone, benzotriazole, and cyanoacrylate UV absorbers such as ADK STAB LA-31, ADK STAB LA-32 (Asahi Denka Kogyo) Cyasorb UV-54 1 1 (Sanchemical Co., Ltd.), T inuvin P, T inuvin 2 34, T inuvin 320, T inuvin 3 2 7 T inuvin 327 (manufactured by Chiba Gaigi Co., Ltd.) ), Sum isorbll O, Sum isorbl 40 (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.), Kem isorbll O, Kem isorb 140, Kem isorbl 2, Kem isorbl 3 (manufactured by Chemipro Kasei Co., Ltd.), Uv inul X— 1 9, U vinu 1 M s—40 (manufactured by BAS F), Tomisorp 10 0 0, Tomisorp 6
- Examples of the light stabilizer include hindered amines. Specifically, for example, ADK STAB LA-5 2 (manufactured by Asahi Denka Kogyo Co., Ltd.), Sanol LS-7700, Sanol LS-7650, Sanoh LS 774 (manufactured by Sankyo Co., Ltd.), Sum isorb TM-061 (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.), and the like.
- ADK STAB LA-5 2 manufactured by Asahi Denka Kogyo Co., Ltd.
- Sanol LS-7700 Sanol LS-7650
- Sanoh LS 774 manufactured by Sankyo Co., Ltd.
- Sum isorb TM-061 manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.
- additives such as an antioxidant, an antistatic agent, a colorant, a plasticizer, a compatibilizing agent, and a flame retardant can be added.
- additives cause gas generation during the heating of the melt extrusion such as T-die 22, which deteriorates the film-forming property and the work environment, so it is better to have a small total amount of additives.
- the amount added to the thermoplastic resin is preferably 2 wt% or less.
- the extruder 21 melts the resin material supplied from the hopper (not shown) and supplies it to the T die 22.
- the T-die 22 is a die having a letter-shaped opening, and discharges the resin material supplied from the extruder 21 up to the width of the sheet to be molded.
- the forming roll 23 has a columnar shape, and is configured to be rotationally driven with the central axis as a rotation axis. Further, the forming roll 23 is configured to be cooled. Specifically, the forming roll 23 has one or more flow paths for flowing a cooling medium therein. For example, an oil medium is used as the cooling medium, and the oil medium is changed, for example, between 120 ° C. and 230 ° C.
- the cylindrical surface of the forming roll 23 is provided with an engraving shape for transferring a fine pattern onto a sheet discharged from the T die 22.
- This engraving shape is, for example, a fine uneven shape for transferring the cylindrical lens body 15 to a sheet.
- This uneven shape is, for example, a diamond bite Formed by precision cutting.
- the engraving shape is formed in the circumferential direction or the width direction (height direction) of the forming roll 23 having a columnar shape.
- the elastic roll 24 has a cylindrical shape, and is configured to be rotationally driven with its central axis as a rotation axis. The surface of the elastic roll 24 can be deformed by inertia, and when the sheet is nipped by the forming roll 23 and the elastic roll 24, the surface in contact with the forming roll 23 is crushed. ing.
- the elastic mouthpiece 24 is seamlessly made of, for example, Ni plating (covered by a T-cylinder, and inside it is provided with an elastic body for allowing the surface of the elastic roll 24 to be deformed by inertia.
- the configuration and material of the coasting roll 2 4 are not limited as long as the surface is elastically deformed when coming into contact with the molding roll 2 3 with a predetermined pressure. A metal, a composite material, etc. can be used.
- the coasting roll 24 is not limited to a roll shape, and a belt shape can also be used.
- the cylindrical surface of the elastic roll 24 is provided with a concave portion for forming the convex portion 16 on the back surface side of the lens sheet 14.
- the elastic roll 24 is configured to be cooled.
- the elastic roll 24 has one or more flow paths for flowing a cooling medium therein.
- a cooling medium For example, water can be used as the cooling medium.
- a pressurized hot water type temperature controller (not shown), for example, the basic temperature is set to 80 ° C. and 130 ° C.
- An oil temperature controller may be used as the temperature controller.
- the cooling roll 25 has a cylindrical shape, and is configured to be rotationally driven with its central axis as a rotation axis. Cooling roll 2 5 is configured to be coolable It is. Specifically, the cooling port 25 has one or more flow paths for flowing a cooling medium therein. For example, water can be used as the cooling medium. 'Then, for example, the basic temperature is set to 1 15 ° C using a pressurized hot water type temperature controller (not shown). An oil temperature controller may be used as the temperature controller.
- the resin material is melted by the extruder 21, sequentially supplied to the T die 22, and the sheet is continuously discharged from the T die 22.
- the sheet discharged from the T-die 22 is nipped between the forming roll 23 and the elastic roll 24.
- the engraving shape of the molding tool 23 is transferred to the surface of the sheet, and the uneven shape of the elastic roll 24 is transferred to the back surface of the sheet.
- the surface temperature of the forming roll 23 is maintained in a temperature range of Tg + 20 t to Tg + 45 ° C, and the surface temperature of the coasting roll 24 is in the temperature range of 20 to Ding 8. Retained.
- T g is the glass transition temperature of the resin material.
- the temperature of the resin material when transferring the engraving shape f T g + 50 ° (: ⁇ T g + 2 30 ° C is preferable, T g + 80 ° C ⁇ T g + More preferably, the temperature is 200 ° C.
- the sheet is peeled off from the forming roll 23 by the cooling roll 25 while the sheet is doubled by the forming roll 23 and the cooling roll 25 to suppress fluttering.
- the surface temperature of the cooling roll 25 is not more than T g. Held in the degree range.
- the surface temperature of the cooling roll 25 is maintained in such a temperature range, and the sheet is nipped by the forming roll 2 3 and the cooling roll 25 to suppress the fluttering, so that the sheet is favorably removed from the forming roll 23.
- the temperature of the resin material at the time of peeling is preferably Tg or more, more preferably Tg + 20 ° C to Tg + 85 ° C, and Tg + 30 ° C.
- ⁇ Tg + 60 ° C Even more preferred is ⁇ Tg + 60 ° C. While keeping the temperature of the resin in the above-mentioned temperature range, the sheet is satisfactorily peeled from the forming roll 23 by niping the sheet with the forming nozzle 23 and the cooling roll 25 to suppress fluttering. Can do. Thus, the target lens sheet can be obtained.
- the conventional lens sheet manufacturing method mainly uses a UV (ultraviolet) curable resin (for example, UV curable acrylic resin) formed on a film substrate such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
- a UV curable resin for example, UV curable acrylic resin
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- the method has problems that the UV curable resin is expensive and the production speed is slow because it is necessary to sufficiently irradiate the UV curable resin to cure the resin in the process.
- the two-layer structure of the sheet and lens layer there is a problem that warpage is likely to occur due to the difference in expansion coefficient due to heat and humidity, and the assembly process becomes complicated.
- the lens sheet manufacturing method can reduce the material by using an integrally molded product by thermal transfer of a thermoplastic resin, and can improve the productivity of the lens sheet. It is possible to achieve a special effect that sheet warpage can be suppressed.
- Fig. 6 shows a partially enlarged XZ section of a conventional prism sheet.
- a plurality of minute prisms are continuously provided on one main surface of the prism sheet.
- point A indicates the apex of the prism
- point B and point C indicate the junction with the adjacent prism
- point 0 indicates the virtual light origin immediately below the apex A
- Point P indicates the virtual light origin immediately below junction point B.
- a B plane the plane between vertex A and junction B
- a C plane the plane between vertex A and junction C
- Figure 6 shows the locus of the light flux ⁇ incident on the A B plane from the virtual light source O, and the locus of the light flux ⁇ incident on the A B and A C surfaces from the virtual light source P.
- the trajectories of these ray ⁇ and ray ⁇ were obtained by simulation.
- the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- Fig. 7 shows the light distribution characteristics of the conventional prism sheet.
- Figure 8 shows the visual field characteristics of the conventional prism series.
- the distribution surrounded by the frame t 1 corresponds to the primary transmitted light
- the distribution surrounded by the frame t 2 is the secondary transmitted light. It corresponds to.
- the distribution chart in Fig. 7 shows that the center is 0 °, the first circle from the center is 10 °, the second circle is 20 °, and so on. Indicates 90 °.
- the distribution charts in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 are drawn by computer simulation. The distribution map of the embodiment described below is also based on the simulation. From Fig. 7, it is possible to confirm at what angle the light emitted from the prism chamber is spread.
- the above-described triangular prism was fabricated on one main surface of the sheet by melt extrusion, and its shape was evaluated.
- a coasting roll was produced as follows.
- a seamless tube with a thickness of 3400 microns is formed by forming a seamless tube with Ni plating, and applying Cr plating to the surface and then polishing to 0.2 S. Sleeve).
- an elastic body is affixed on a roll through which a cooling medium can pass, and a flexible sleeve is placed on the roll, and an elastic mouth having a configuration in which cooling water can flow between the elastic body and the flexible sleeve is obtained.
- the elastic body nitrile rubber (N B R) having a hardness of 85 degrees was used, and its thickness was 20 mm.
- the diameter ⁇ of the coasting roll was 2600 mm and the surface length (width of the forming roll) was 4500 mm.
- a mold was prepared that had a structure that allowed the cooling medium to flow through a plurality of flow paths to reduce the temperature distribution.
- the material is quenched and tempered with S 4 5 C, and after mirror finish (0.5 S or less), electroless Ni P (nickel / phosphorus) plating (thickness: 100 microns) went.
- An engraving shape was formed on the cylindrical surface of this forming roll as follows. First, place the forming roll in a constant temperature and humidity room (temperature 23, humidity 50%). A diamond tool having a predetermined shape was set on an ultra-precision lathe. And the lens pattern of the above-mentioned triangular prism was formed in the circumferential direction of the forming roll. 'This forming roll had a diameter of ⁇ 3 0 0, a surface length of 4 60 mm, and a groove processing width of 3 0 0 mm.
- An oil medium was used as a cooling medium for the forming roll.
- Water was used as the cooling medium for the elastic roll and the cooling roll, and the temperature of the cooling medium was adjusted using a pressurized hot water type temperature controller.
- the extruder used was a vented screw with a diameter of 50 mm and no gear pump.
- the T-die used was a coach hanger type die with a lip width of 55 mm and a lip gap of 1.5 mm.
- the air gap was 105 mm.
- the lens sheet was molded using an extrusion sheet precision molding apparatus having the above-described configuration.
- polycarbonate E 2 00 0 R manufactured by Mitsubishi Engineering Plastics
- T g the glass transition temperature of the polycarbonate resin
- seat was peeled from the forming roll with the cooling roll.
- the surface temperature of the cooling roll was maintained at 1 15.
- the speed of the take-up machine was 7 m / min. As a result, an optical film having a thickness of 220 microns with grooves transferred on one main surface was obtained.
- the surface temperature of the above-described forming roll and elastic roll was measured at a position immediately before the nip where a sensor is brought into contact with the roll surface and hardly affected by the heat of the resin.
- the surface temperature of the cooling roll is This is measured at the position where the sensor is brought into contact with the surface and the film is nipped by the cooling roll and the forming roll.
- a handy type digital thermometer manufactured by Chinoichi Co., Ltd., product name: ND 51 1—K HN
- the sensor a sensor for measuring the surface temperature (manufactured by Anritsu Keiki Co., Ltd., product name U) — 16 1 K— 00—D 0— 1) was used.
- the shape of the prism lens formed on one principal surface of the prism sheet as described above and the prism lens shown in FIG. 6 described above were compared. As a result, it was found that the desired lens shape could not be obtained because the thermoplastic resin could not enter the apex angle portion of the triangular prism lens pattern.
- FIG. 9 shows a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of the lens sheet of Example 1.
- a large number of cylindrical lens bodies having a finite focal length on the emission side of the illumination light and having a bilaterally symmetric hyperboloid are continuously arranged.
- the light flux ⁇ that emerges from the virtual origin 0 immediately below the vertex of the hyperboloid and enters the AB surface is refracted and transmitted forward of the lens sheet.
- a conventional prism is formed by continuously arranging a large number of symmetrical hyperboloid cylindrical lens bodies.
- a part of the luminous flux ⁇ , which was the return light component R on the sheet, can be refracted and transmitted to the front of the lens sheet, which contributes to the brightness of the front direction of the conventional prism sheet.
- the normal angle of the reflected light beam from the first total reflection surface (AB surface) forms a shallow angle with respect to the Z axis on the surface near the apex A on the AC side.
- the reflected light component R is created.
- the reflected light beam from the A and B surfaces has a higher refractive and transmission effect than the conventional prism shape, and exhibits a total reflection effect.
- the first-order transmission is improved by improving the entire forward refractive transmission effect from the vertical component direction and the refractive power and total reflection power for the incident light beam from the side surface direction.
- the front luminance can be increased while maintaining the light distribution in the forward direction.
- the second-order transmitted light component T 2 and increasing the irregularity to the return light component R light can be used effectively, so that the gain characteristic of light can be improved.
- FIG. 10 is a distribution diagram showing the light distribution characteristics of the lens sheet shown in FIG. FIG. 10 shows the angle at which the light emitted from the lens sheet shown in FIG. 9 spreads.
- the lens sheet of FIG. 9 has a light distribution characteristic similar to that of the conventional prism sheet shown in FIG. Second transmitted light component T 2 can be reduced compared to
- Fig. 11 shows a partially enlarged view of the cross section of the lens sheet.
- cylindrical lens bodies having one finite focal length on the illumination light exit side and having a bilaterally symmetric hyperboloid are continuously arranged.
- FIG. 12 is a distribution diagram showing the light distribution characteristics of the light sheet shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 12, the lens sheet of FIG. 11 has a light distribution characteristic similar to that of the conventional prism sheet shown in FIG. 6, but the second order compared to the conventional prism sheet.
- the transmitted light component T 2 can be significantly reduced.
- FIG. 13 shows a partially enlarged view of the cross-sectional shape of the lens sheet of Example 3.
- cylindrical lens bodies having one finite focal distance and a symmetrical hyperboloid on the illumination light exit side are continuously arranged.
- the luminous flux ⁇ is refracted and transmitted in front of the lens sheet. Most of the luminous flux ⁇ is totally reflected, and is refracted or totally reflected by the surface between AC and becomes a return light component R.
- the refracted light on the surface near the apex angle undergoes a change in the normal direction and disperses the light distribution direction, and the generation of the secondary transmitted light component T 2 is moderated.
- FIG. 14 is a distribution diagram showing the light distribution characteristics of the lens sheet shown in FIG.
- the lens sheet of FIG. 13 has a light distribution characteristic similar to that of the conventional prism sheet shown in FIG. 6, but the second order transmitted light as compared with the conventional prism sheet. Component T2 can be reduced.
- FIG. 15 is a partially enlarged view of the cross-sectional shape of the lens assembly of Example 4.
- cylindrical lens bodies having a single finite focal length on the illumination light exit side and having a bilaterally symmetric hyperboloid are continuously arranged.
- FIG. 16 is a distribution diagram showing the light distribution characteristics of the lens case shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 16, this lens sheet has a light distribution characteristic that allows light to spread widely and uniformly.
- FIG. 17 shows a partially enlarged XZ section of the lens sheet of Example 7.
- FIG. 18 is a distribution diagram showing the light distribution characteristics of the lens sheet shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 18, this lens sheet has a light distribution characteristic in which the second transmitted light component T 2 does not appear, but the light spreads widely and uniformly. Therefore, it is not necessarily optimal from the viewpoint of the use of a liquid crystal display that requires increasing the directivity in the front direction and increasing the luminance in the front direction.
- FIG. 19 shows a partially enlarged cross-sectional shape of the lens sheet of Example 7.
- a cylindrical lens body having one finite focal distance on the emission side of the illumination light and having a symmetric hyperboloid shape is continuously arranged.
- FIG. 20 is a distribution diagram showing the light distribution characteristics of the lens sheet shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 20, this lens sheet is The light distribution characteristics are similar to those of the sheet.
- FIG. 21 shows a partially enlarged cross-sectional shape of the lens sheet of Example 8.
- a cylindrical lens body having one finite focal distance on the emission side of the illumination light and having a symmetric hyperboloid shape is continuously arranged.
- the cross-sectional shape of this lens sheet is such that the value of K is large and the angle at which the asymptote intersects is narrower than that of the lens sheet shown in FIG.
- FIG. 22 is a distribution diagram showing the light distribution characteristics of the lens sheet shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 21, this lens sheet has a light distribution characteristic similar to that of the lens sheet of FIG.
- FIG. 23 shows a partially enlarged cross-sectional shape of the lens sheet of Example 9.
- a cylindrical lens body having one finite focal distance on the emission side of the illumination light and having a symmetric hyperboloid shape is continuously arranged.
- FIG. 24 is a distribution diagram showing the light distribution characteristics of the lens sheet shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 24, this lens sheet has a stronger light distribution characteristic in the front direction than in the embodiment described above, but it is still not always optimal from the viewpoint of use of the liquid crystal display. It cannot be said. Therefore, in Equation (1), the value of K should be — 4 ⁇ K ⁇ —1.
- Figure 25 shows the peak luminance distribution according to changes in the radius of curvature R of the apex of the tip and the aspherical coefficient A.
- an area with a peak luminance of 11,000,000 nits (N i t) or more is indicated by a thick line.
- the brightness of the diffusion surface indicated by a straight line indicates the diffusion surface of the diffusion sheet.
- the peak luminance of the lens sheet can be improved by about 10% compared to the luminance of the diffusion surface.
- the peak luminance of the lens sheet can be improved by about 20% compared to the luminance of the diffusion surface.
- FIG. 27 shows a partially enlarged XZ section of the lens sheet of Comparative Example 1.
- Figure 28 shows the visual field characteristics of the lens sheet of Comparative Example 1.
- n the refractive index of the shape unit
- T the width of the molding unit
- FIG. 29 shows a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of the lens sheet of Comparative Example 2.
- FIG. 30 shows the visual field characteristics of the lens sheet of Comparative Example 2.
- the lens sheet of Comparative Example 3 has a large number of prism units formed parallel to one surface.
- This prism unit has a triangular cross section, and its apex angle is in the range of 60 to 150 degrees.
- the difference in the undulation of the prism surface is 1 zm or more, and the prism surface width is 15 or less.
- FIG. 31 shows the visual field characteristics of the lens sheet of Example 10.
- Example 10 when produced by the melt extrusion method, the transferability of the lens shape is poor due to the inflection point of the apex, and the apex is not transferred, and the desired function cannot be obtained. Since Example 10 does not have an inflection point at the apex, the lens shape is excellent in transferability and a desired function can be obtained.
- Example 10 does not have an inflection point as in Comparative Example 2, and the height difference other than the tip curvature portion is within 1 m. It is an integral curved column structure.
- Comparative Example 2 has a prism shape, side lobes are generated near the inflection point of the apex. In addition, the front brightness decreases with the amount of elevation difference from the prism surface.
- an elastic mouth was prepared as follows.
- a seamless tube (hereinafter referred to as a flexible sleeve) having a thickness of 340 microns is formed by forming a seamless tube with Ni plating and applying Cr plating to the surface, followed by polishing to 0.2 S. Produced. And the outer peripheral surface of this flexible sleeve was processed with stainless steel (SUS material).
- SUS material stainless steel
- glass beads having a predetermined particle size (diameter) are driven into the flexible sleeve to form an uneven shape on the outer peripheral surface of the flexible sleeve.
- the driving angle was about 30 ° with respect to the perpendicular to the outer peripheral surface of the flexible sleeve.
- an elastic body was affixed on a roll through which a cooling medium can pass, and a flexible sleeve was placed on the elastic body to obtain an elastic roll having a configuration in which cooling water can flow between the elastic body and the flexible sleeve.
- nitrile rubber (N B R) having a hardness of 85 degrees was used, and its thickness was 20 mm.
- the diameter ⁇ of the elastic roll was 2600 mm, and the surface length (width of the forming roll) was 4500 mm.
- the elastic roll obtained as described above was attached to an extrusion sheet punch precision molding device, and a lens sheet was produced as follows.
- polycarbonate E 2 00 0 R manufactured by Mitsubishi Engineering Plastics Co., Ltd.
- T g the glass transition temperature of the polycarbonate resin.
- seat was peeled from the forming roll with the cooling roll.
- the surface temperature of the cooling roll was kept at 115 ° C.
- the speed of the take-up machine was 7 m / min.
- a lens sheet having a thickness of 2220 m in which a cylindrical lens body was provided on the front surface and a convex portion was provided on the back surface was obtained.
- the surface temperature of the above-mentioned forming roll and elastic roll is the position just before the nip where the sensor is in contact with the surface of these rolls and is not easily affected by the heat of the resin. It was measured by. Further, the surface temperature of the cooling roll is measured at a position where a sensor is brought into contact with the surface of the cooling roll and the sheet is epped by the cooling roll and the forming roll.
- a handheld digital thermometer manufactured by Chinoichi Co., Ltd., trade name: ND 5 1 1-KHN
- the sensor a sensor for measuring the surface temperature (manufactured by Anritsu Keiki Co., Ltd., trade name U) — 1 6 1 K— 0 0—D 0— 1) was used.
- the back surface of the lens sheet was measured with a three-dimensional shape measuring machine (manufactured by Kosaka Manufacturing Co., Ltd., trade name: E 4 100). Then, the measured surface shape was subjected to oblique calculation / correction of the measured slope by the least square method to obtain the average center plane (JISB 0 60 1— 1 9 94). Thereafter, the number of convex portions having a height of 0.20 m or more from the average center plane was calculated.
- the average spacing of the convex portions having a height of 0.2 im from the above average center plane was obtained.
- the ratio of the total area of the cross section obtained by cutting the convex part parallel to the center plane is 1% of the projection area. Sought height. The height at which the cross-sectional area reaches an area ratio of 1% (5 0 0 0 urn 2 ) in the range of 1 0 0 0 m x 500 m was obtained.
- a lens sheet was attached to a commercially available 19-inch TV (television) manufactured by Soni.
- a diffuser plate for the purpose of mixing and non-uniformity of light and a lens sheet of the example are sequentially mounted on a unit storing a cold cathode fluorescent tube (CC FL) to form a backlight system.
- CC FL cold cathode fluorescent tube
- a liquid crystal display was obtained by mounting a liquid crystal panel on the light system. Then, the front luminance of the liquid crystal display device was measured with CS-1100 manufactured by Konica Minolta.
- a lens sheet manufactured in the same manner as in the example except for omitting the formation of the convex portion on the back surface side is similarly attached to a commercially available 19-inch TV manufactured by Sony to obtain a liquid crystal display device.
- the front luminance of the liquid crystal display device was measured with CS-1100 manufactured by Konica Minolyu.
- the relative value of the front luminance of the former liquid crystal display device was obtained based on the front luminance of the latter liquid crystal display device.
- a lens is provided on the surface side in the same manner as in Examples 11 to 21 except that a molding roll having a mirror surface is prepared and a lens sheet is produced using this molding roll. Thus, a lens sheet having an uneven shape on the back side was obtained.
- haze (cloudiness) of the lens sheets of Examples 22 to 32 obtained as described above was measured using a haze meter (trade name: HM-1 50, manufactured by Murakami Color Co., Ltd.).
- the average slope is defined by placing the orthogonal coordinate axes X and Y on the center of the roughness curve, the axis perpendicular to the center plane as the Z axis, the roughness curved surface f (x, y), the reference plane size L x, L y is given by the following equation.
- Figures 32 and 33 show the evaluation results obtained as described above.
- the numbers in the judgment result column of the sliding test indicate the following judgment results.
- Fig. 34 is a graph showing the relationship between the number of protrusions of 0.2 im or more and the relative luminance value.
- Fig. 35 is a graph showing the relationship between the number of protrusions of 0.2 m or more and the appearance blur.
- FIG. 36 is a graph showing the relationship between the interval between convex portions of 0.2 m or more and the relative luminance value.
- FIG. 37 is a graph showing the relationship between the interval between the convex portions of 0.2 im or more and the sliding test result.
- Fig. 38 is a drawing showing the relationship between the distance between convex parts of 0.2 m or more and the appearance blur.
- FIG. 39 is a graph showing the relationship between the ten-point average roughness S R z and the relative luminance value.
- FIG. 40 is a graph showing the relationship between the ten-point average roughness S R z and the sliding test results.
- FIG. 41 is a graph showing the relationship between the height and the relative luminance value when the convex area is 1%.
- FIG. 42 is a graph showing the relationship between the height when the convex area is 1% and the sliding test result.
- FIG. 43 is a graph showing the relationship between haze and relative luminance value.
- FIG. 44 is a graph showing the relationship between the average slope and the luminance relative value.
- the density of the convex parts is 400 pieces Zmm 2 or less, so that the convexity on the back side of the lens sheet. It can be seen that the luminance reduction of the liquid crystal display device due to the provision of the portion can be suppressed.
- the average distance between the convex parts is set to 50 m or more, so that the convex part is provided on the back side of the lens sheet to reduce the brightness of the liquid crystal display device. It turns out that it can suppress.
- the average distance between the convex parts is set to 1 20 m or less, so that the back of the lens sheet It can be seen that scratches can be prevented from occurring on the surface of the diffusion plate, and that the appearance bleeding due to interference with the flat portion of the diffusion plate provided on the back side of the lens sheet can be improved.
- the ten-point average roughness SR z value of the convex part is set to 1 or more, so that the lens sheet It can be seen that scratches on the surface of the diffuser plate can be prevented by the back surface of the lens, and that the appearance blur due to interference with the flat portion of the diffuser plate provided on the back surface side of the lens sheet can be improved.
- the convex part is provided on the back side of the lens sheet. It can be seen that the luminance reduction of the liquid crystal display device can be suppressed.
- the height of the convex area at 1% of the convex portion is set to 7 m or less to provide a convex portion on the back side of the lens sheet. It can be seen that a decrease in luminance of the liquid crystal display device due to the above can be suppressed.
- the convex portion on the back surface of the lens sheet, it is possible to improve the appearance bleeding and the mechanical characteristics such as the sliding characteristics without impairing the luminance.
- the reduction of the appearance blur is thought to be because the sticking to the diffusion plate by the convex portion was prevented.
- the improvement in the sliding test characteristics is thought to be due to the reduced friction during sliding due to the convex component.
- the present invention is not limited to the embodiment of the present invention described above.
- the same front luminance improvement effect can be obtained by disposing the light guide plate above the light guide plate.
- the same effect can be obtained by arranging a lens sheet on the exit side from the light guide plate of the backlight or placing a lens sheet on the front side of the incident side of the liquid crystal panel. Can play.
- the backlight 1 is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but is a light guide plate, EL (Electroluminescence) light-emitting surface, surface-emitting CCFL (cold cathode fluorescent tube), other A configuration may be adopted in which a lens sheet 14 is provided above the light source. Also in this case, the same front luminance improvement effect as in the above-described embodiment can be obtained.
- the lens sheet may be prepared by the hot press method.
- a concavo-convex shape is produced by using a commercially available bead blasting or sand blasting machine and changing the type, size and shot speed of the grains.
- the manufacturing method of the lens sheet by the melt extrusion method is specifically shown below.
- the driving angle is, for example, an angle of about 30 ° from the vertical direction of the SUS plate.
- the case where the convex portion 16 is provided on the cylindrical surface of the elastic roll 24 and the convex portion 16 is formed on the back surface of the lens sheet 14 is shown as an example.
- the shape of the cylindrical surface of 4 is not limited to this.
- the cylindrical surface of the elastic roll 24 may be mirror-like.
- the case where the convex portion 16 is provided on the cylindrical surface of the coasting roll 24 and the convex portion 16 is formed on the back surface of the lens sheet 14 is shown as an example.
- the shape of the cylindrical surface is not limited to this.
- the cylindrical surface of the inertial mouth 24 may be mirror-like.
- a protective sheet may be further provided in the liquid crystal display device in order to prevent the lens sheet 14 from being damaged.
- One main surface of the protection sheet is a flat surface, and the other main surface is a concavo-convex shape provided with a convex portion in the same manner as the back surface of the lens sheet 14.
- the protective sheet is provided on the liquid crystal display device so that the surface on which the convex portion is provided faces the light source 12.
- This protection sheet can be provided, for example, between the lens sheet 14 and the reflective polarizing plate 18. Further, a protective sheet may be provided instead of the reflective polarizing plate 18.
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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KR1020067018803A KR101159724B1 (ko) | 2004-09-30 | 2005-09-30 | 광학 시트, 백라이트 및 액정 표시 장치 |
JP2006537862A JP4893307B2 (ja) | 2004-09-30 | 2005-09-30 | 光学シート、バックライトおよび液晶表示装置 |
CN2005800122667A CN1947035B (zh) | 2004-09-30 | 2005-09-30 | 光学片材、背光装置和液晶显示设备 |
EP05790346A EP1795924B1 (en) | 2004-09-30 | 2005-09-30 | Optical sheet, backlight, and liquid crystal display device |
US10/598,723 US7483094B2 (en) | 2004-09-30 | 2005-09-30 | Optical sheet, backlight and liquid crystal display apparatus |
US12/346,196 US7719631B2 (en) | 2004-09-30 | 2008-12-30 | Optical sheet, backlight and liquid crystal display apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2004288516 | 2004-09-30 | ||
JP2004-288516 | 2004-09-30 |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US10/598,723 A-371-Of-International US7483094B2 (en) | 2004-09-30 | 2005-09-30 | Optical sheet, backlight and liquid crystal display apparatus |
US12/346,196 Continuation US7719631B2 (en) | 2004-09-30 | 2008-12-30 | Optical sheet, backlight and liquid crystal display apparatus |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2006036029A1 true WO2006036029A1 (ja) | 2006-04-06 |
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Family Applications (1)
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PCT/JP2005/018579 WO2006036029A1 (ja) | 2004-09-30 | 2005-09-30 | 光学シート、バックライトおよび液晶表示装置 |
Country Status (7)
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US (2) | US7483094B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1795924B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4893307B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101159724B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1947035B (ja) |
TW (1) | TW200638128A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006036029A1 (ja) |
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CN101819290A (zh) * | 2006-04-14 | 2010-09-01 | 索尼株式会社 | 光学片、背光装置及液晶显示装置 |
JP2007286261A (ja) * | 2006-04-14 | 2007-11-01 | Sony Corp | 光学シート、バックライト装置および液晶表示装置 |
JP2008122525A (ja) * | 2006-11-09 | 2008-05-29 | Sony Corp | 光学シート積層体および液晶表示装置 |
JP2010032739A (ja) * | 2008-07-29 | 2010-02-12 | Suntechopt Co Ltd | レンズフィルムおよびこれを備えた光学表示用バックライトユニット |
JP2010078819A (ja) * | 2008-09-25 | 2010-04-08 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | 光学シートおよびこれを用いた照明装置ならびにディスプレイ |
JP2011028033A (ja) * | 2009-07-27 | 2011-02-10 | Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd | 光制御板、面光源装置及び透過型画像表示装置 |
JP2015180949A (ja) * | 2009-10-27 | 2015-10-15 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | 抗歪み表面を有する光学フィルム |
JP2011145644A (ja) * | 2009-12-18 | 2011-07-28 | Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd | 偏光板、ならびにそれを用いた液晶パネルおよび液晶表示装置 |
WO2011090123A1 (ja) * | 2010-01-22 | 2011-07-28 | 住友化学株式会社 | 光制御板、面光源装置及び透過型画像表示装置 |
WO2011090125A1 (ja) * | 2010-01-22 | 2011-07-28 | 住友化学株式会社 | 光制御板、面光源装置及び透過型画像表示装置 |
JP2010176133A (ja) * | 2010-01-28 | 2010-08-12 | Suntechopt Co Ltd | 光学フィルム及びこれを備えた光学表示用バックライトユニット |
JP2012014140A (ja) * | 2010-07-01 | 2012-01-19 | Entire Technology Co Ltd | 柱状レンズアレイ装置及びそのバックライトモジュール |
JP2012038579A (ja) * | 2010-08-06 | 2012-02-23 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | 照明ユニット及びこれを用いた表示装置 |
JP5973110B1 (ja) * | 2015-08-25 | 2016-08-23 | 日東樹脂工業株式会社 | 導光板の製造方法 |
CN106716012A (zh) * | 2015-08-25 | 2017-05-24 | 日东树脂工业株式会社 | 导光板的制造方法 |
TWI707770B (zh) * | 2015-08-25 | 2020-10-21 | 日商日東樹脂工業股份有限公司 | 導光板之製造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1795924A4 (en) | 2010-10-06 |
TWI319105B (ja) | 2010-01-01 |
US7719631B2 (en) | 2010-05-18 |
EP1795924B1 (en) | 2013-03-27 |
US20090153775A1 (en) | 2009-06-18 |
JP4893307B2 (ja) | 2012-03-07 |
EP1795924A1 (en) | 2007-06-13 |
TW200638128A (en) | 2006-11-01 |
KR20070061477A (ko) | 2007-06-13 |
KR101159724B1 (ko) | 2012-06-28 |
US20070242361A1 (en) | 2007-10-18 |
US7483094B2 (en) | 2009-01-27 |
JPWO2006036029A1 (ja) | 2008-05-15 |
CN1947035B (zh) | 2010-07-14 |
CN1947035A (zh) | 2007-04-11 |
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