WO2006007776A1 - Micro vertical injection moulding machine - Google Patents

Micro vertical injection moulding machine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006007776A1
WO2006007776A1 PCT/CN2005/000889 CN2005000889W WO2006007776A1 WO 2006007776 A1 WO2006007776 A1 WO 2006007776A1 CN 2005000889 W CN2005000889 W CN 2005000889W WO 2006007776 A1 WO2006007776 A1 WO 2006007776A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
injection
molding machine
injection molding
plunger
cylinder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2005/000889
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Kai-Leung Yung
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hong Kong Polytechnic University HKPU
Original Assignee
Hong Kong Polytechnic University HKPU
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hong Kong Polytechnic University HKPU filed Critical Hong Kong Polytechnic University HKPU
Priority to DE112005001718.4T priority Critical patent/DE112005001718B4/de
Priority to AT0928505A priority patent/AT503311B1/de
Priority to JP2007521772A priority patent/JP4913052B2/ja
Publication of WO2006007776A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006007776A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/46Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould
    • B29C45/53Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould using injection ram or piston
    • B29C45/54Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould using injection ram or piston and plasticising screw
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C2045/0094Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor injection moulding of small-sized articles, e.g. microarticles, ultra thin articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C2045/1784Component parts, details or accessories not otherwise provided for; Auxiliary operations not otherwise provided for
    • B29C2045/1792Machine parts driven by an electric motor, e.g. electric servomotor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C2045/1784Component parts, details or accessories not otherwise provided for; Auxiliary operations not otherwise provided for
    • B29C2045/1792Machine parts driven by an electric motor, e.g. electric servomotor
    • B29C2045/1793Machine parts driven by an electric motor, e.g. electric servomotor by an electric linear motor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/46Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould
    • B29C45/53Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould using injection ram or piston
    • B29C45/532Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould using injection ram or piston using a hollow injection ram co-operating with a coaxial screw

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improvement of an injection molding machine, and more particularly to a vertical micro injection molding machine. Background technique
  • injection molding methods provide the ability to mass produce complex parts in a precise manner. And more and more injection molding machines have been used for the processing of micro parts.
  • Known vertical injection molding machines include an injection device mounted horizontally or vertically and a vertically oriented clamping system that supports an upper die and a support member under a force sufficient to withstand the pressure generated by the molten material.
  • the mold of the lower mold An injection molded cavity can be defined when the relative vertical motion between the upper and lower dies is combined.
  • the molten material can be injected into the mold. After the parts have cooled and solidified, the mold is opened and the parts can be removed.
  • the conventional vertical micro-injection molding machine further has a plasticizing device, an injection device and a reciprocating screw through which the molten material is input into the injection cylinder of the injection molding machine.
  • the molten material is forced through a nozzle into the cooling mold cavity by moving the screw forward. After the material in front of the screw reaches a desired volume, the operation of the screw is stopped. The mold cavity is then cooled and the molten material is fixed to an ideal part profile.
  • Injection molding of minute parts requires injection of a small volume of molten material with high precision.
  • Known vertical micro-injectors are those that apply a valve to close the molten material and apply the motion of the screw and/or plunger to meter the amount of material that will be injected into the mold cavity. Since the design and manufacture of microvalves that do not accumulate molten materials in the dead zone face many difficulties, there are many new injection molding machine designs on the market that attempt to solve these problems.
  • US 2002/0020943 A1 discloses a molding machine for forming micro-parts, which comprises a The plasticizing portion is controllably coupled to an injection portion and a mold portion, and is provided with a valve for closing and opening the connection between the injection portion and the mold portion.
  • the plasticized portion also has a plasticizing cylinder that drives a plasticizing plunger in the plasticizing chamber or bore.
  • the plasticizing plunger is moved from top to bottom to compress the molten material, the air in the molten material cannot be efficiently discharged, which affects the quality of the micro-parts.
  • US 6,403,010 B1 describes a method of injecting plastic or other injectable material into an injection mold, comprising: transferring molten material from a plasticizing device to a meter, the meter having a plasticizing a first fluid passage connected to the device, and which can particularly accurately measure the amount of molten material to be delivered to the injection molding tool; from a second fluid passage, the molten material that would otherwise be delivered to the injection molding tool is from the meter Delivery to an injection device while preventing molten material from flowing back from the meter to the plasticizing device; all of the material in the injection device is injected into the injection molding tool through an injection molding piston while preventing material from returning from the injection device to the meter.
  • the molten material is first moved from top to bottom and then horizontally conveyed to compress the molten material, the air in the molten material cannot be efficiently discharged, which also affects the quality of the micro-parts.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a vertical micro injection molding machine which eliminates the need for a valve, avoids air bubbles remaining in the molten material, and provides a very high speed. injection.
  • the present invention also reduces dead zones or dead spots that accumulate and damage materials during the injection process to prevent the deteriorated material from becoming a major source of contamination.
  • a vertical micro-injection molding machine comprises: a plasticizing device having a conveying and melting passage therein, in which a screw or a plunger for conveying molten material is provided; and an injection device for The plasticizing device receives the metered molten material; an injection mold for receiving the metered molten material from the injection device; at least two thrust cylinders for closing the injection mold prior to injection, and for injection molding the part Opening the injection mold after curing; wherein the injection device includes an injection cylinder, An injection cylinder is connected to the conveying passage of the plasticizing device, and a vertical reciprocating plunger is disposed in the injection cylinder, which can discharge the air on the molten material in the injection cylinder by upward movement, and then push the molten material Into the injection mold.
  • the injection cylinder is vertically disposed and the plunger is injected upwardly into the molten material so that the air above the liquid column of the molten material in the injection cylinder is first discharged before the molten material is pushed into the injection mold, thereby eliminating The problem of air retention.
  • the delivery channel is at an angle to the injection cylinder.
  • a horizontal inlet passage connected thereto is provided between the injection cylinder and the conveying passage of the plasticating device.
  • the injection molding machine further comprises a pressure sensing device disposed adjacent the top of the injection cylinder for measuring the pressure of the molten plastic to be injected.
  • the pressure curve measured by the pressure sensing device is used to calculate in real time the amount of advancement of the plunger that requires injection of a precise amount of molten material into the injection mold, and correspondingly The movement of the plunger is controlled in real time.
  • the pressure sensing mechanism throughout the entire injection process provides an effective means of avoiding damage to the mold when a solid blocks the mold and, more importantly, the pressure change signal will provide an effective A device for calculating and controlling the exact amount of injected material.
  • the injection molding machine further comprises a servo motor coupled to the delivery screw or plunger.
  • the injection molding machine further includes a plunger brake device coupled to the plunger and driven by a motor, which may be a linear servo motor.
  • the injection molding machine further comprises another pressure/temperature sensing device disposed adjacent the end of the conveying passage of the plasticating device for measuring the pressure and/or temperature of the molten material to be conveyed.
  • a water jacket for insulating is also disposed around the plasticizing device.
  • the injection molding is opened and closed by at least two synchronized motion electric thrust cylinders.
  • the electric thrust cylinders are respectively actuated after closing the injection mold to finally adjust the clamping force of each electric thrust cylinder to compensate the clamping force of the injection molding in different regions and/or sides.
  • the present invention uses an easy to understand mechanism to eliminate air retention problems in injection molding and the need for one-way and/or shut-off valves.
  • the accurate amount of molten material to be injected is controlled by using the measured pressure curve signal, so that the present invention is for high speed injection and accurate metering.
  • the molten liquid (melted plastic) injected into the mold cavity provides a new method of mechatronics.
  • the invention can be applied immediately to the design of a plastic injection molding machine for micro components. It lays the foundation for the next generation of micro-injection plastic machines and provides the basis for high-speed injection of mechatronic devices such as linear motors and servo motors. DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a vertical micro-injection molding machine not shown in FIG. Right side view of a miniature injection molding machine;
  • Figure 3 is a plan view of the vertical micro injection molding machine shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is an isometric view of a vertical micro injection molding machine
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of a vertical micro injection molding machine with a funnel according to the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view along the central axis A-A of the vertical micro-injection molding machine shown in Figure 5;
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a plasticizing apparatus of a vertical micro-injection molding machine according to the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is an enlarged schematic view showing a portion B of the plasticating apparatus shown in Figure 7;
  • Figure 9 is a partial cross-sectional view of the vertical micro-injection molding machine according to the present invention as it is in the conveying stage;
  • Figure 10 is a partial cross-sectional view of the vertical micro-injection molding machine according to the present invention while it is in the injection phase.
  • the vertical micro-injection molding machine comprises a mechanical support 10, a substrate 12 fixed to the upper surface of the mechanical support 10, a fixed clip template 14 above the substrate 12, and a fixed clip template 14 Move the clamp template 16.
  • two or more thrust cylinders 20 are symmetrically disposed on the clip template 14.
  • the thrust cylinder rod 22 of the electric thrust cylinder 20 is connected to the moving clamp template 16 through the fixed clamp template 14.
  • the thrust cylinder 20 may be specifically an electric rod, a hydraulic cylinder or a cylinder or the like.
  • the vertical micro-injection molding machine further includes a plasticizing device 30, an injection device 40 and an injection mold 60, both of which are disposed along the central axis of the machine.
  • the plasticizing device 30 is used to melt a solid material, such as plastic, and to control the delivery of molten material to the injection device 40.
  • the injection mold 60 is composed of an upper mold (moving mold) and a lower mold (fixed mold). When the upper mold and the lower mold are combined with relative vertical movement, an injection mold cavity can be defined therebetween.
  • the clamp templates 14 and 16 support the injection mold 60, and the injection mold 60 can be automatically opened and closed by controlling the thrust cylinder rod 22.
  • a control system can be used for the motion control of each part.
  • Figures 5 and 6 show schematic views of a vertical micro-injection molding machine with a funnel of the present invention.
  • the plasticizing device 30 includes an upper portion 38 and a lower portion 39.
  • a funnel 32 is provided in the upper portion 38 of the plasticizing device 30.
  • a rotatable moving screw 31 is inserted into the conveying passage of the plasticating device 30 and passes through the upper portion 38 and the lower portion 39 thereof.
  • the screw 31 can be replaced with a plunger.
  • a water jacket 33 is disposed around the upper portion 38 and located at one end of the upper portion 38 near the lower portion 39. In order to insulate, cold water flows in the water jacket 33.
  • a clamp 34 is provided at the joint area of the upper portion 38 and the lower portion 39 for connecting and holding the two portions.
  • solid plastic in the form of granules or powder is fed from the funnel 32 into the conveying passage of the plasticizing device 30 and heated and melted in the plasticating device 30, wherein the plastic can be replaced with other for injection molding. Injection moldable material.
  • the screw 31 inserted into the conveying passage can perform a rotary motion.
  • Screw The rotation is driven by a motor and is used to melt, mix and move the molten plastic forward so that the molten plastic can be delivered to an injection cylinder 42 through a horizontally disposed inlet passage 46.
  • the screw 31 is inserted into the delivery channel and supported by a bearing 37 located in the upper portion 38 of the plasticating device 30.
  • the bearing 37 is positioned at the shoulder of the screw through a flat washer 35 and a retaining ring 36 to prevent the bearing 37 from moving in the axial direction.
  • a pressure/temperature sensing device 81 is disposed adjacent the end of the delivery channel of the plasticating device for measuring the pressure and/or temperature of the molten plastic to be delivered to the injection cylinder 42.
  • the dynamic change in fluid pressure is recorded by the sensing device 81 and used for real-time calculations, by which the rotation of the screw 31 can be accurately controlled to ensure that a precise amount of molten plastic is accurately delivered to the injection device 40.
  • the injection device 40 includes an injection cylinder 42 through which the delivery channel of the plasticizing device 30 is coupled. And the injection cylinder 42 is at an angle to the delivery passage.
  • a plunger 41 is inserted into the injection cylinder 42 and reciprocable therein, whereby the delivery passage can be closed by the plunger 41 and the metered molten plastic can be pushed up in the injection cylinder 42.
  • a nozzle 70 is disposed at the top of the injection passage and is axially aligned with the injection passage. The nozzle 70 is engaged with the injection port of the injection mold 60 to allow molten plastic to be injected into the injection mold 60 through the injection port. Among them, the nozzle 70 can depend on the design of the mold to select whether to use or not.
  • a pressure sensing device 80 is provided for measuring the pressure of the molten plastic to be injected.
  • the pressure sensing device 80 can also be replaced with a pressure/temperature sensor that can also measure the temperature of the molten plastic.
  • the injection molding process is cyclic.
  • the injection molding cycle of the vertical micro injection molding machine of the present invention is mainly divided into five stages. The first is the conveying phase, the second is the stage in which the plunger 41 is advanced to close the conveying channel, the third is the injection phase, the fourth is the forming phase, and the fifth is the shifting phase. Go to the stage.
  • Figure 9 is a partial cross-sectional view of the vertical micro-injection molding machine according to the present invention while it is in the conveying stage.
  • solid plastic is fed from the funnel 32 into the plasticizing device 30 and melted.
  • the molten plastic is then conveyed through the inlet passage 46 into the injection cylinder 42 by appropriate rotation of the screw 31.
  • An injection motor 51 is used to rotate the screw 31.
  • the injection motor 51 may be a servo motor for rotating the screw 31.
  • the injection motor 51 can be a stepper motor.
  • the plunger 41 is retracted to a position just below the inlet passage 46, and the metered molten plastic is introduced into the injection cylinder 42. That is, in the conveying stage, the inlet passage 46 is opened by the contraction of the plunger 41, and an appropriate amount of molten plastic is introduced into the injection cylinder 42 by the control of the rotation of the input screw 31 by the control system.
  • Figure 10 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the injection portion of the vertical micro-injection molding machine according to the present invention while it is in the injection phase.
  • the plunger 41 first begins to move upward while closing the delivery passage. Due to gravity, the liquid level is maintained during the rise of the plunger while the air above the liquid is first expelled.
  • the liquid column 44 reaches the orifice of the nozzle 70, or is input to a DC hole entering the mold cavity in some mold design that does not require the nozzle 70, the increase in pressure in the molten plastic is recorded by the pressure sensing device 80. .
  • the pressure signal recorded is used to calculate in real time the position of the plane of the top 43 of the molten plastic reaching the orifice of the nozzle 70, and when an accurate amount of liquid has been injected into the mold cavity to stop the plunger 41 at a precise position. Advance. In other variations of the mold design that do not require a nozzle, a flow restriction can be formed inside the mold that has the same function as the nozzle and is used to create a change in pressure. In order to achieve high acceleration, high speed and precision control of the upward injection process, a linear servo motor 50 is used to move the plunger 41 through a plunger brake device 52.
  • the linear servo motor has a high acceleration, its application during the injection process can greatly increase the injection rate and provide a very high level of precision that cannot be achieved by other mechanisms.
  • other devices such as hydraulic or servo motors plus screws and/or cams and the like can also be used.
  • the injection molding machine does not Real-time pressure signal analysis relies on the design of the shut-off valve, which eliminates air retention problems in the horizontal injection molding machine, eliminates dead zones in the closed valve, and provides an accurate metering of the melt injected into the mold cavity High precision method for the amount of plastic.
  • the forming stage is started.
  • the molten plastic in the injection cavity is cooled and solidified.
  • the removal stage is entered, that is, the injection mold 60 is opened by two or more thrust cylinders 20, and the injection molded parts are taken out.
  • the plunger 41 is retracted again to a position just below the inlet passage 46, and the injection molding '60 is closed by the two or more thrust cylinders 20 for the next injection.
  • a servo motor plus a screw device (such as a servo motor thrust cylinder) is used to start the closing process of the mold.
  • the electric thrust cylinder 20 is separately actuated after closing the injection mold 60 to finally adjust the clamping force of each of the electric thrust cylinders 20 to compensate the clamping force of the injection mold 60 in different regions and/or sides.
  • a special control algorithm is used to synchronize the motion of all servo motors so that all sides of the moving plate move the same.
  • Other low cost devices such as hydraulic cylinders, can also be used to achieve low cost differences in the design.
  • the above process is accomplished by a control system which can be a computer system that accomplishes the entire cycle by controlling the moving parts of the injection molding machine at various stages and detecting and signalling feedback at various stages.
  • the pressure sensing device throughout the entire injection process also provides an effective means of avoiding damage to the mold when a solid obstructs the mold. For example, a sudden increase in pressure at an inappropriate position during advancement of the plunger 41 means that other problems in the mold cause blockage, which is something the controller needs to pay attention to.
  • the control system can be activated based on the feedback signal of the sensing device. An alarm is sounded and the advancement of the plunger is stopped to avoid damage to the mold.
  • the present invention uses an easy-to-understand mechanism to eliminate air retention problems during injection and the need for one-way and/or shut-off valves.
  • the present invention provides a new mechatronics method for high velocity injection and precise metering of molten plastic that is actually injected into the mold cavity.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Description

立式微型注塑机 技术领域
本发明涉及一种注塑机的改进, 尤其涉及一种立式微型注塑机。 背景技术
众所周知, 注塑成型方法提供了以精确的方式大规模生产复杂零件的能 力。 并且越来越多的注塑机已被用于微型零件的加工。
公知的立式注塑机包括水平或垂直方向安装的注射装置和垂直导向的锁 模系统, 在足以抵抗由熔化材料产生的压力的作用力下, 其锁模系统支撑着 包括有一个上模和一个下模的模具。 当上模和下模之间相对垂直运动相结合 后可限定一注模空腔。 熔化材料可被注射到模具中。 在零件冷却及固化后, 将模具打开, 零件即可取出。
在公知的立式注塑机的基础上, 传统的立式微型注塑机还具有一塑化装 置, 一注射装置以及一往复运动的螺杆, 熔化材料通过螺杆被输入到注塑机 的注射圆筒内。 通过向前移动螺杆强迫熔化材料通过一喷嘴进入冷却模具腔 中。在螺杆前的材料达到一理想体积后, 停止螺杆的运行。 然后冷却模具腔, 熔化材料即被固定为一理想的零件外形。
微小部件的注塑成型需要以高精度注入小体积的熔融材料。 公知的立式 微型注塑机是应用阀门来关闭熔融材料并且应用螺杆和 /或柱塞的运动计量 将要注入到模具型腔中的材料的量。 由于设计和生产熔融材料不积留于死区 的微型阀门面临着诸多困难, 因此, 在市场上有许多新型注塑机的设计, 其 都是企图解决这些问题。
US 2002/0020943A1公开了一种用于成型微型零件的成型机, 其包括一 塑化部分, 该塑化部分与一注射部分以及一模具部分可控制地连接, 并设有 一个用以关闭和开启该注射部分和模具部分之间的连接的阀。 该塑化部分还 具有一个塑化气筒, 其在该塑化腔或孔中驱动一塑化柱塞。 但是, 由于该塑 化柱塞是自上而下进行移动来压縮熔化材料的, 所以在熔化材料中的空气无 法有效地排出, 这将影响微型零件的质量。
US6,403,010B1 描述了一种将塑料或其它可注射材料注射至一注射模具 中的方法, 其包括: 将熔化材料从一塑化装置传输到一计量器中, 该计量器 具有一与该塑化装置连接的第一流体通道, 并可特别精确地计量待被输送至 注模工具的熔化材料量; 通过一第二流体通道, 将本来是待被输送至注模工 具的熔化材料从该计量器输送至一注射装置, 同时防止熔化材料从计量器反 流回塑化装置; 将所有处于注射装置中的材料通过一注塑活塞注射到注模工 具中, 同时防止材料从注射装置返回计量器。 用这种方式, 由于熔化材料首 先从上往下移动, 然后水平输送以压缩熔化材料, 所以在熔化材料中的空气 无法有效地排出, 这也将影响微型零件的质量。 发明内容
本发明就是考虑到上述问题而创造的, 并且本发明的目的是提供一种立 式微型注塑机, 其消除了对阀门的需要, 避免了保留在熔融材料内的气泡, 并提供了非常高速的注入。 本发明也可减少在注入过程中积留和损害材料的 死区或死角, 以防止变质的材料在随后成为主要的污染源。
根据本发明的立式微型注塑机, 包括: 一塑化装置, 其内设有一输送和 熔融通道,在该输送通道中设有一输送熔融材料的螺杆或柱塞; 一注射装置, 用于从该塑化装置接收计量好的熔融材料; 一注模, 用于从该注射装置接收 该计量好的熔融材料; 至少两个推力筒, 用于在注射之前关闭该注模, 并在 注射成型的零件固化后打开该注模; 其中该注射装置包括有一注射圆筒, 该 注射圆筒与该塑化装置的输送通道连接, 在该注射圆筒内设置有一垂直往复 运动的柱塞, 其可通过向上运动将注射圆筒中的熔融材料上的空气排出, 再 将熔融材料推入至该注模中。 将该注射圆筒垂直设置并且使该柱塞向上注射 该熔融材料的设计可以使得在熔融材料被推入到该注模之前, 首先将注射圆 筒中熔融材料的液柱上方的空气排出, 来消除空气滞留的问题。
根据本发明, 优选的是该输送通道与该注射圆筒呈一夹角。
根据本发明, 优选的是该注射圆筒和该塑化装置的输送通道之间还设置 一与其相连的水平的入口通道。
根据本发明, 优选的是该注塑机还包括一压力传感装置, 其设置于靠近 该注射圆筒的顶部, 用以测量待注射的熔融塑料的压力。 在该柱塞向上推进 的过程中, 通过该压力传感装置测出的压力曲线被用于实时计算需要将精确 数量的熔融材料注射到该注模中的该柱塞向上推进的量, 并相应地实时控制 该柱塞的移动。 事实上, 贯穿整个注入过程的压力传感机构提供了一种有效 的方法, 其可避免当某种固体阻塞模具时对模具的损害, 并且更重要的是, 压力变化的信号将提供一种有效计算和控制注射材料准确量值的装置。
根据本发明, 优选的是该注塑机还包括一伺服马达, 其与该输送螺杆或 柱塞相连。
根据本发明, 优选的是该注塑机还包括一柱塞制动装置, 其与该柱塞连 接并由一马达驱动, 该马达可以是一线性伺服马达。
根据本发明, 优选的是该注塑机还包括另一压力 /温度传感装置, 其设置 于靠近该塑化装置的输送通道的端部, 用以测量待输送的熔融材料的压力和 / 或温度。 环绕该塑化装置还设置有一用以隔热的水套。
根据本发明, 优选的是, 该注模是由至少两个同步运动的电动推力筒打 开和关闭的。 所述的电动推力筒在关闭该注模之后被分别开动, 以最终调整 各电动推力筒的夹紧力来补偿注模在不同区域和 /或侧面的夹紧力。 本发明使用了一种简单易懂的机构来消除注塑中空气滞留问题以及对单 向和 /或截止阀的需要。 在多种困难的情况下, 例如尺寸非常小和模具形状不 规则等情况下, 通过使用测量的压力曲线信号来控制被注射的熔融材料的准 确数量, 使得本发明为高速注入和精确计量实际上注入到模具腔的熔化液体 (熔融塑料) 提供了一种新的机电一体化方法。
本发明可立即应用于微型部件的塑料注塑机的设计。 其为下一代微型注 塑料机器奠定了新的基础, 并为用于高速注入机电一体化装置, 例如线性马 达和伺服马达的应用提供了基础。 附图说明
下面将参考附图, 借助于不同的实施例的详细内容描述本发明, 其中: 图 1为根据本发明的未示出漏斗的立式微型注塑机的示意图; 图 2为图 1所示的立式微型注塑机的右视图;
图 3为图 1所示的立式微型注塑机的俯视图;
图 4为立式微型注塑机的轴测图;
图 5为根据本发明的带有漏斗的立式微型注塑机的示意图;
图 6为沿图 5所示立式微型注塑机的中心轴 A-A的剖面图;
图 7为根据本发明的立式微型注塑机的塑化装置的剖面图;
图 8是图 7所示的塑化装置 B部分的放大示意图;
图 9 是根据本发明的立式微型注塑机在其处于输送阶段时的部分截面 图; . 图 10 是根据本发明的立式微型注塑机在其处于注射阶段时的部分截面 图。 具体实施方式 现在对本发明进行详细描述。 参考附图, 图 1-4为根据本发明的未示出 漏斗的立式微型注塑机的示意图。 该立式微型注塑机包括一机械支座 10, 一 固定于该机械支座 10的上表面的基板 12, 一位于该基板 12上方的固定夹模 板 14, 以及一位于该固定夹模板 14上方的移动夹模板 16。 在该实施例中, 两个或多个电动推力筒 (thrust cylinders) 20对称设于该固定夹模板 14上。 该电动推力筒 20的推力筒杆 22穿过该固定夹模板 14与该移动夹模板 16连 接。 其中, 该推力筒 20可以具体为电动杆、 液压缸或气缸等等。
根据本发明, 该立式微型注塑机还包括有一塑化装置 30,一注射装置 40 和一注模 60, 他们均沿机器的中心轴设置。 该塑化装置 30用于熔化固体材 料, 例如塑料, 并控制熔融材料输送到该注射装置 40。 该注模 60 由一上模 (动模) 和一下模 (定模) 组成, 当该上模和下模之间相对垂直运动而结合 之后, 可在其间限定一注模空腔。 该夹模板 14和 16—起支撑该注模 60, 通 过控制推力筒杆 22可自动打开和关闭该注模 60。 一控制系统可用于各部分 的动作控制。
图 5和 6示出了本发明的带有漏斗的立式微型注塑机的示意图。 图 Ί和
8示出了该塑化装置 30的详细的截面图。 可以看到, 该塑化装置 30包括一 上部 38和一下部 39。 一漏斗 32设于该塑化装置 30的上部 38。 在本实施例 中, 一可旋转运动的螺杆 31插入到该塑化装置 30的输送通道中并穿过其上 部 38及下部 39。而在其它的设计中, 该螺杆 31是可以替换为柱塞的。此外, 一水套 33围绕上部 38设置并位于该上部 38靠近下部 39的一端。为了隔热, 在该水套 33中流淌有冷水。一夹具 34设于该上部 38及下部 39的连接区域, 用以连接和夹持这两个部分。 基于以上的结构, 颗粒或粉末形式的固体塑料 从漏斗 32被输入到塑化装置 30的输送通道中并在该塑化装置 30内加热和熔 化, 其中可以将塑料替换为其它用于注塑成型的可注塑的材料。
在塑化装置 30中, 插入到输送通道中的螺杆 31可以做旋转运动。 螺杆 的旋转是由一马达带动的, 并用于熔化、 混合并向前移动熔融塑料, 使得熔 融塑料可以通过一水平设置的入口通道 46而被输送到一注射圆筒 42中。 参 考图 8, 螺杆 31被插入到输送通道中, 并且借助一位于该塑化装置 30的上 部 38之中的轴承 37支撑。将该轴承 37通过一平垫圈 35和一定位环 36定位 于该螺杆的轴肩处, 以防止轴承 37在轴向移动。参照图 9, 一压力 /温度传感 装置 81靠近该塑化装置的输送通道的端部设置,用以测量待输送至该注射圆 筒 42的熔融塑料的压力和 /或温度。 液体压力的动态变化通过该传感装置 81 记录, 并被用于实时计算, 通过这种实时计算可准确地控制螺杆 31的转动, 以保证精确数量的熔融塑料被准确地输送到注射装置 40。
如图 9-10所示, 可以看到注射装置 40包括有一注射圆筒 42, 该注射圆 筒 42与该塑化装置 30的输送通道通过该入口通道 46相连。并且该注射圆筒 42与该输送通道呈一夹角。一柱塞 41插入于该注射圆筒 42中并可以在其中 往复移动, 由此可借助柱塞 41先将输送通道关上,然后将计量好的熔融塑料 在注射圆筒 42内向上推出。 一喷嘴 70设于该注射通道的顶部并与该注射通 道在轴向排成一条直线。 该喷嘴 70与该注模 60的注入口相接合, 以允许熔 融塑料穿过该注入口而被注射到注模 60中。 其中, 喷嘴 70可以依赖模具的 设计来选择是否使用。
靠近注射圆筒 42的顶部还设有一压力传感装置 80, 用以测量待注射的 熔融塑料的压力。该压力传感装置 80也可被替换为还能对熔融塑料的温度进 行测量的压力 /温度传感器。 当该柱塞 41前进时, 液体压力的动态变化被记 M, 并被用于实时计算, 通过这种实时计算可准确地停止柱塞前进, 以保证 精确数量的熔融塑料被注入到注模 60内。
该注塑成型过程是循环进行的。 本发明的立式微型注塑机的注塑成型循 环主要分成五个阶段。第一个是输送阶段,第二个是该柱塞 41向前推进关闭 输送通道的阶段, 第三个是注射阶段, 第四个是成型阶段, 以及第五个是移 去阶段。
图 9 是根据本发明的立式微型注塑机在其处于输送阶段时的部分截面 图。在该输送阶段中, 固体塑料从漏斗 32输入到该塑化装置 30中并被熔化。 然后熔融塑料借助螺杆 31的适当转动, 通过入口通道 46输送至注射圆筒 42 中。 一注塑马达 51用于旋转该螺杆 31。 为了精确控制熔化和螺杆的输送, 该注塑马达 51可以为一伺服马达, 用以旋转螺杆 31。 而对于需要较低精度 的模式, 该注塑马达 51可以是一步进马达。 此时, 柱塞 41縮进至其刚好低 于入口通道 46的位置处, 被计量的熔融塑料输入到该注射圆筒 42内。 也就 是说, 在输送阶段, 入口通道 46由于柱塞 41的缩进而被打开, 通过控制系 统对输入螺杆 31旋转的控制,将适当数量的熔融塑料输入到注射圆筒 42内。
图 10是根据本发明的立式微型注塑机在其处于注射阶段时的注入部分 的部分截面图。当适当数量的熔融塑料被输入到注射圆筒 42内之后,在该过 程中, 柱塞 41首先开始向上移动同时关闭输送通道。 由于重力的原因, 在柱 塞上升期间液位被保持, 同时液体上方的空气首先被排出。当液柱 44到达喷 嘴 70的孔, 或输入到在某些不需要喷嘴 70的模具设计中的进入模具腔的直 流孔时,熔融塑料中的压力的提高通过该压力传感装置 80而被记录。被记录 的该压力信号被用于实时计算熔融塑料的顶部 43的平面到达喷嘴 70的孔的 位置, 以及何时已将准确的液体数量注入到模具腔中, 以便在精确的位置停 止柱塞 41的前进。在其它的不需要喷嘴的模具设计的变化中,可以在模具内 部形成限流, 其具有与喷嘴相同的功能并用以产生压力的变化。 为了达到向 上注射过程的高加速度、高速度和精度控制,使用一线性伺服马达 50通过一 柱塞制动装置 52来移动柱塞 41。 因为线性伺服马达具有很高的加速度, 其 在注射过程中的应用可以极大提高注射率, 并提供了由其他机构无法达到的 非常高的精度水平。为了实现该设计较低的加速度差异,也可使用其他装置, 例如液压或伺服马达加上螺杆和 /或凸轮等等。在该注射阶段中, 该注塑机不 依赖于关闭阀门的设计而具有实时的压力信号分析, 其消除了水平注塑机中 的空气滞留问题, 消除了在关闭阀门中的死区, 并提供了一种准确计量注入 到模具腔中的熔融塑料量的高精度方法。
当适当数量的熔融塑料被注射到模具 60内之后, 即开始了成型阶段。在 注模腔中的熔化塑料被冷却并固化。 然后进入移去阶段, 即通过两个或多个 推力筒 20将注模 60打开, 将射出成型的零件取出。接着, 柱塞 41再次缩进 至其刚好低于入口通道 46的位置处, 并且注模' 60为下次注射而被所述的两 个或多个推力筒 20关闭。 之后, 就可以开始另一个循环了。 在该过程中, 为 了精确控制模具关闭过程的速度剖面、 压力剖面等, 使用一伺服马达加上螺 杆装置 (例如伺服马达推力筒) 启动模具的关闭过程。 另外, 电动推力筒 20 在关闭该注模 60之后被分别开动, 以最终调整各电动推力筒 20的夹紧力来 补偿该注模 60在不同区域和 /或侧面的夹紧力。 一种特殊的控制算法被用于 使所有伺服马达的运动同步锁住, 以使动模板的所有侧面的移动都相同。 为 了实现该设计的低成本差异, 也可以使用其他的低成本装置, 例如液压缸。 上述过程是通过控制系统来完成的, 该控制系统可以为一计算机系统, 其通 过对各个阶段注塑机移动部件的控制和在各阶段的检测及信号反馈来完成整 个循环。 贯穿整个注射过程的压力传感装置还提供一种有效的方法, 其可避 免当某种固体阻塞模具时对模具的损害。例如,在柱塞 41前进的过程中不适 当位置处的压力突然升高意味着模具中其他问题引起了阻塞, 这是控制者需 要注意的, 该控制系统可以根据传感装置的反馈信号, 启动响一声警报并且 停止柱塞的前进, 以避免对模具的损害。
本发明已参考优选实施例进行了详细描述。 很显然, 对于本领域的普通 技术人员在阅读和理解以上本发明的详细描述的基础上, 可以进行变形和修 改。 但所有这些均应包含在本发明的保护范围内。 工业实用性
综上所述, 本发明使用了一种简单易懂的机构来消除注射过程中空气滞 留的问题以及对单向和 /或截止阀的需要。 在多种困难的情况下, 例如尺寸非 常小和模具形状不规则等情况, 本发明为高速注入和精确计量实际上注入到 模具腔的熔融塑料提供了一种新的机电一体化方法。

Claims

权利要求
1. 一种用于微型零件成型的立式微型注塑机, 包括:
一塑化装置 (30) , 其内设有一输送和熔融通道, 在该输送通道中设有 一输送熔融材料的螺杆或柱塞 (31 ) ;
一注射装置 (40) , 用于从该塑化装置接收计量好的熔融材料; 一注模 (60) , 用于从该注射装置 (40) 接收该计量好的熔融材料; 至少两个推力筒 (20) , 用于在注射之前关闭该注模(60) , 并在注射 成型的零件固化后打开该注模 (60) ;
其特征在于该注射装置(40)包括有一注射圆筒(42),该注射圆筒(42) 与该塑化装置(30) 的输送通道连接, 在该注射圆筒(42) 内设置有一垂直 往复运动的柱塞(41 ) , 其可通过向上运动将注射圆筒 (42) 中的熔融材料 上的空气排出, 再将熔融材料推入至该注模(60) 中。
2. 如权利要求 1 所述的立式微型注塑机, 其特征在于该输送通道与该 注射圆筒(42) 呈一夹角。
3.如权利要求 2所述的立式微型注塑机,其特征在于在该注射圆筒(42) 和该塑化装置(30) 的输送通道之间还设置一与它们相连的水平的入口通道
(46) 。
4. 如权利要求 1 所述的立式微型注塑机, 其特征在于还包括一压力传 感装置 (80) , 其设置于靠近该注射圆筒(42) 的顶部, 用以测量待注射的 熔融塑料的压力。
5. 如权利要求 4所述的立式微型注塑机, 其特征在于该压力传感装置 (80)测出熔融材料在该柱塞(41 ) 向上推进的过程中的压力曲线, 且该压 力曲线被用于实时计算该柱塞(41 ) 向上推进的量, 以相应地实时控制该柱 塞 (41 ) 的移动并将精确数量的熔融材料注射到该注模(60) 中。
6. 如权利要求 1 所述的立式微型注塑机, 其特征在于还包括一伺服马 达, 其与该输送螺杆或柱塞 (31 )相连。
7. 如权利要求 1 所述的立式微型注塑机, 其特征在于还包括一柱塞制 动装置 (52) , 其与该柱塞 (41 )连接并由一马达驱动, 其中该马达为一线 性伺服马达。
8. 如权利要求 1所述的立式微型注塑机, 其特征在于还包括另一压力 / 温度传感装置 (81 ) , 其设置于靠近该塑化装置 (30) 的输送通道的端部, 用以测量待输送的熔融材料的压力和 /或温度。
9. 如权利要求 1 所述的立式微型注塑机, 其特征在于环绕该塑化装置 (30)还设置有一用以隔热的水套 (33 ) 。
10. 如权利要求 1所述的立式微型注塑机, 其特征在于该注模(60) 由 至少两个同步运动的电动推力筒(20) 打开和关闭。
11. 如权利要求 10所述的立式微型注塑机, 其特征在于所述的电动推 力筒(20)在关闭该注模(60)之后被分别开动, 以最终调整各电动推力筒 (20) 的夹紧力来补偿该注模(60)在不同区域和 /或侧面的夹紧力。
PCT/CN2005/000889 2004-07-20 2005-06-21 Micro vertical injection moulding machine Ceased WO2006007776A1 (en)

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DE112005001718B4 (de) 2016-03-24
AT503311B1 (de) 2010-08-15
US7258543B2 (en) 2007-08-21
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US20060018992A1 (en) 2006-01-26
AT503311A3 (de) 2010-06-15

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