WO2006005232A1 - Recipient de cuisson comprenant un revetement metallique antiadhesif et son procede de preparation - Google Patents

Recipient de cuisson comprenant un revetement metallique antiadhesif et son procede de preparation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006005232A1
WO2006005232A1 PCT/CN2004/000805 CN2004000805W WO2006005232A1 WO 2006005232 A1 WO2006005232 A1 WO 2006005232A1 CN 2004000805 W CN2004000805 W CN 2004000805W WO 2006005232 A1 WO2006005232 A1 WO 2006005232A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
stick coating
metal non
cooker
metal
nickel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2004/000805
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Raymond Chin
Wai Tung Ngai
Original Assignee
Raymond Chin
Wai Tung Ngai
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Raymond Chin, Wai Tung Ngai filed Critical Raymond Chin
Priority to CNB2004800414552A priority Critical patent/CN100459910C/zh
Priority to JP2007520646A priority patent/JP4791465B2/ja
Priority to EP04738403A priority patent/EP1774876B1/en
Priority to US11/632,357 priority patent/US7942288B2/en
Priority to AT04738403T priority patent/ATE472956T1/de
Priority to DE602004028055T priority patent/DE602004028055D1/de
Priority to PCT/CN2004/000805 priority patent/WO2006005232A1/zh
Publication of WO2006005232A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006005232A1/zh
Priority to HK07107084.5A priority patent/HK1099674A1/xx

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
    • A47J36/02—Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
    • A47J36/02—Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay
    • A47J36/025—Vessels with non-stick features, e.g. coatings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
    • C23C28/321—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer with at least one metal alloy layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
    • C23C28/341—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one carbide layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/123—Spraying molten metal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/126—Detonation spraying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/129—Flame spraying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/131—Wire arc spraying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/18—After-treatment

Definitions

  • This invention relates to kitchen utensils, and more particularly to a cooker having a surface coated with a metallic non-stick coating. Background technique
  • non-stick coating products on the market are mostly non-metallic materials such as polyfluororesin, which usually fall off after about half a year of non-stick coating, so the use period of the existing non-stick cooking products is very short.
  • non-metallic materials such as polyfluororesin
  • the non-metallic coating such as polyfluororesin does not have a high bonding force with the body material of the cooker, and is easily peeled off when subjected to a small external force. Therefore, such non-stick cookers are usually equipped with specific auxiliary tools to reduce the impact on the coating to improve the life of the device.
  • non-metallic coatings such as polyfluororesin
  • the high temperature resistance of non-metallic coatings is very weak, and it is usually around 260 °C.
  • China's food culture has a long history.
  • the temperature of the bottom of the wok is relatively high.
  • the weakness of the non-metallic non-stick coating is exposed, which cannot meet the requirements of many gourmets.
  • the polyfluororesin decomposes and releases a fluorine-containing gas which is harmful to the human body.
  • Non-metallic coatings such as polyfluororesin have poor abrasion resistance and are often severely damaged after a period of use. Especially when cooking foods with hard shells such as shellfish, the damage is particularly serious.
  • the edge of the wok pan is long-term "dry" when cooking (ie, the fried dishes can not reach the state) The position, so that it is in a high temperature for a long time), and the existing polyfluororesin non-stick cooking device does not have a good high temperature resistance; in addition, the restaurant restaurant has a very high usage rate, and the impact ability and resistance to the wok The requirements for wear capacity are also high.
  • the existing polyfluororesin has a low ability in both of these aspects, and its service life is short. Therefore, the wok used in the restaurant nowadays is still a traditional iron pan, which brings great inconvenience to cooking.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and to provide a metal non-stick coating cooker which is resistant to impact, high temperature and abrasion.
  • the present invention provides a metal non-stick coating cooker coated on a working surface with a metal non-stick coating material selected from the group consisting of nickel aluminum (NiAl) nickel-chromium alloy NiCr-Cr chromium carbide nickel-aluminum-molybdenum alloy mainly composed of (NiAlMo) or chromium carbide (Cr 3 C 2) as a main component 3 C 2 :).
  • the above-mentioned coating layer can also be applied to the heat source contact surface of the cooking vessel.
  • the cooker sub-working surface coating comprises a bottom layer formed of nickel aluminum (MA1)-based nickel aluminum molybdenum alloy (NiAlMo) and nickel chromium carbonization with chromium carbide (Cr 3 C 2 ) as a main component.
  • the metal non-stick coating of the cooker of the present invention can be prepared by the following steps:
  • a metal material is applied to the surface to be processed using a thermal spray method to obtain a metal non-stick coating.
  • the step of polishing or grinding the resulting metal non-stick coating is also included.
  • the non-stick coating used in the cooker of the present invention has significant advantages over the non-stick coating used in prior art cookers i.
  • the non-stick coating of the present invention belongs to the pure metal category, and the existing non-stick coating is a non-metal coating or a non-metal to metal hybrid coating.
  • the existing non-stick coating is a non-metal coating or a non-metal to metal hybrid coating.
  • the metal non-stick coating of the present invention overcomes this disadvantage.
  • metal coatings are more resistant to impact and abrasion than non-metallic coatings, so metal non-stick coating cooking vessels do not need to be equipped with specific auxiliary tools (such as spatula).
  • the characteristics of the thermal spraying process itself determine that the metal coating has a very good bonding force with the body of the cooker; and the same metal material has a similar thermal expansion coefficient, that is, the coating is not easily peeled off by using a cold water heater. From the spraying process, regardless of the geometry of the cooker itself or the nature of the metal material used in the cooker, the metal non-stick coating adheres uniformly to the subsurface of the device and has a strong bonding force.
  • the present invention provides a metal non-stick coating cooker that is coated with a metallic non-stick coating on the working surface of the cooker (ie, the food contact surface). Alternatively, the above coating may also be applied to the heat source contact surface (i.e., the bottom).
  • the coating material used in the present invention belongs to the class of pure metals, such as nickel aluminum molybdenum alloy (Ni AlMo) mainly composed of nickel aluminum (NiAl) or nickel chromium chromium carbide alloy containing chromium carbide (Cr 3 C 2 ) as a main component. Alloy material such as (NiCr-Cr 3 C 2 ).
  • NiAlMo nickel-aluminum-molybdenum alloy
  • NiCr nickel-chromium-chromium carbide alloy
  • Cr 3 C 2 chromium carbide
  • the nickel-aluminum-molybdenum alloy (NiAlMo) material with nickel-aluminum (NiAl) as a main component has strong adhesion and good toughness
  • Nickel-chromium-chromium-chromium alloy (NiCr-Cr 3 C 2 ) as the main component of the coating has high bonding strength (above 8000 psi), high surface hardness (above HRC 50), good wear resistance and high temperature resistance.
  • NiAlMo nickel-aluminum-molybdenum alloy
  • NiAl nickel-aluminum
  • Cr 3 C 2 chromium carbide
  • the composition of the nickel-chromium-chromium carbide alloy (NiCr-Cr 3 C 2 ) material serves as the surface layer of the non-stick coating of the cooker.
  • This composite coating combines the advantages of both materials and is superior to a single material coating.
  • the bottom coat can also be in the form of a composite coating as described above.
  • the form of the metal alloy material used in the present invention includes, but is not limited to, wires, powders, and rods well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the metal non-stick coating of the cooker of the present invention can be prepared by the following steps:
  • the surface to be processed is roughened and cleaned.
  • the method used for general roughening cleaning is sandblasting.
  • the specific method is to use sand grains with suitable particle size (such as alumina sand, white corundum, brown corundum, quartz sand, etc.) to impact the surface to be processed under high pressure, and the surface is textured (surface roughness Ra 1 to Ra 6). ), so that the coating has a high bonding force with the surface.
  • suitable particle size such as alumina sand, white corundum, brown corundum, quartz sand, etc.
  • thermal spray equipment used for spraying can be well known high speed or supersonic plasma spray equipment, high speed or supersonic flame spray equipment (HVAF, HVOF), high speed or supersonic arc spray equipment, and explosions. Spray equipment.
  • the particle velocity V of the metal material sprayed onto the surface to be processed during spraying is not less than 150 m/sec, i.e., 150 m/s.
  • the resulting metal non-stick coating is also polished or ground.
  • Cutting processing The polishing or grinding tool used may be a stainless steel wire brush, a cloth wheel, a sandpaper ball or a polishing wheel, and the power source may be pneumatic or electric.
  • the thickness of the non-stick coating (i.e., the thickness used) after polishing or grinding is in the range of 0.01 mm to 0.25 mm.
  • the metal non-stick coating used in the present invention has a great advantage compared with the non-metallic non-stick coating (exemplified by the polyfluororesin coating), as shown in the following table.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)

Description

金属不粘涂层烹饪器 及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及厨具， 尤其涉及表面涂覆有金属不粘涂层的烹饪器 。 背景技术
目前市场上的不粘烹饪器 产品，其不粘涂层多为聚氟树脂等非金属材 料，通常使用半年左右不粘涂层就发生脱落， 故现有不粘烹饪器 产品的使 用周期非常短， 究其原因， 主要有以下几点：
1. 聚氟树脂等非金属涂层与烹饪器 的本体材料结合力不高， 受到一 定较小外力冲击时便容易脱落。故此类不粘烹饪器亚通常都配备有特定的辅 助工具， 以减轻对涂层的冲击， 以此提高器 的使用寿命。
2. 聚氟树脂等非金属涂层的抗高温能力非常薄弱，通常在 260°C左右就 是其使用极限。 例如中国的饮食文化历史悠久， 炒菜时对炒锅的锅底温度要 求比较高， 此时非金属类不粘涂层的弱点就暴露无遗， 满足不了众多美食家 的要求。 同时如果使用温度超过 300°C， 聚氟树脂则会分解， 并放出含氟气 体， 而该气体对人体是有害的。
3. 聚氟树脂等非金属涂层的耐磨性能比较差， 往往使用一段时间后就 损伤严重， 特别是烹制贝壳类等具有坚硬外壳的食物时， 损伤尤为严重。 对 于国内的酒楼食肆来说， 以炒锅为例， 因其对火候的要求很高， 炒菜时炒锅 锅内的边缘部位长期处于"干烧"状态（即所炒制的菜肴不能到达该位置， 令 其长期处于高温状态）， 而现有的聚氟树脂不粘烹饪器 没有很好的抗高温 能力； 另外酒楼食肆炒锅的使用率非常高，对炒锅的受撞击能力和抗磨损能 力的要求也就很高。现有的聚氟树脂不粘锅这两方面的能力很低， 令其使用 寿命很短。 故现今酒楼食律所用炒锅仍为传统铁锅， 给烹饪制作带来极大的 不便。
因此， 需要研制一种具有抗冲击、 耐高温、 耐磨损的金属不粘涂层烹饪 器亚。 发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是克服现有技术中的不足， 提供一种抗冲 击、 耐高温、 耐磨损的金属不粘涂层烹饪器 。 为解决上述技术问题， 本发明提供一种金属不粘涂层烹饪器 ， 其在工 作面上涂覆有金属不粘涂层， 该金属不粘涂层的材料选自以镍铝 (NiAl)为主 要成分的镍铝鉬合金 (NiAlMo)或以碳化铬 (Cr3C2)为主要成分的镍铬碳化铬 合金NiCr-Cr3C2：)。
优选地， 在烹饪器皿的热源接触面上也可以涂覆有上述涂层。
优选地， 该烹饪器亚工作面涂层包括以镍铝 (MA1)为主要成分的镍铝钼 合金 (NiAlMo)所形成的底层和以碳化铬 (Cr3C2)为主要成分的镍铬碳化铬合 金 (NiCr-Cr3C2)所形成的表层。
本发明的烹饪器 的金属不粘涂层可通过如下步驟进行制备：
将待加工表面进行粗化清洁处理； 及
使用热喷涂法将金属材料涂覆于待加工表面， 得到金属不粘涂层。
在本发明优选的实施方案中，还包括将得到的金属不粘涂层进行抛光或 磨削加工处理的步 。
本发明烹饪器 使用的不粘涂层与现有技术中烹饪器 i使用的不粘涂 层相比有很大优点。 从材料上来说， 本发明的不粘涂层属于纯金属类别， 而 现有的不粘涂层是非金属涂层或者是非金属与金属的混合涂层。但因为非金 属材料固有的抗高温能力低， 因此现有的不粘涂层的抗高温能力也受限制， 而本发明的金属不粘涂层却克服了这方面的缺点。 另外， 众所周知， 金属涂 层的抗冲击、耐磨损能力也强于非金属涂层， 因而金属不粘涂层烹饪器皿在 使用时不需要备配有特定的辅助工具 (如锅铲)。 此外， 热喷涂工艺本身的特 点决定了金属涂层与烹饪器亚的本体的结合力非常好； 且同属金属材料， 热 膨胀系数较为相近， 即使用冷水洗热器亚， 涂层也不容易脱落。 从喷涂工艺 来说 ,无论烹饪器亚本身的几何形状或烹饪器 所使用的金属材料的性质如 何， 金属不粘涂层都能均匀地附着在器亚表面上， 而且结合力强。 具体实施方式
下面将结合实施例对本发明进行更祥细的说明。
本发明提供一种金属不粘涂层烹饪器亚， 其在烹饪器 工作面（即食物 接触面)上涂覆有金属不粘涂层。可选择地，在热源接触面（即底部)上也可以 涂覆有上述涂层。 本发明所用的涂层材料属于纯金属类别， 如以镍铝 (NiAl)为主要成分的 镍铝钼合金 (Ni AlMo)或以碳化铬 (Cr3 C2)为主要成分的镍铬碳化铬合金 (NiCr-Cr3C2)等合金材料。可以使用单一的以镍铝 (NiAl)为主要成分的镍铝钼 合金 (NiAlMo)作为涂层，也可以使用单一的以碳化铬 (Cr3C2)为主要成分的镍 铬碳化铬合金 (NiCr-Cr3C2)作为涂层。
另外， 由于上述两种材料各有优点， 其中以镍铝 (NiAl)为主要成分的镍 铝钼合金 (NiAlMo)材料的附着力较强，韧性较好， 而以碳化铬 (Cr3C2)为主要 成分的镍铬碳化铬合金 (NiCr-Cr3 C2)作为材料的涂层其结合力高（达到 8000psi以上），表面硬度高（达到 HRC 50以上），耐磨损、抗高温性能好 (800Ό 左右），所以优选使用以镍铝 (NiAl)为主要成分的镍铝钼合金 (NiAlMo)材料作 为烹饪器亚不粘涂层的底层，同时使用以碳化铬 (Cr3C2)为主要成分的镍铬碳 化铬合金 (NiCr-Cr3C2)材料作为烹饪器 不粘涂层的表层。 这种复合涂层综 合了上述两种材料的优点，其性能比单一材料形式的涂层更为优越。相似地， 锅底涂层也可是上述的复合涂层形式。
本发明所用金属合金材料的形式包括但不限于本领域所属技术人员公 知的线材、 粉材和棒材。
本发明的烹饪器 的金属不粘涂层可通过如下步骤进行制备：
1. 将待加工表面进行粗化清洁处理。
一般粗化清洁处理所用的方法是吹砂。 具体做法是用粒度合适的砂粒 (如氧化铝砂、 白刚玉、 棕刚玉、 石英砂等等)在高气压作用下撞击待加工表 面， 使其表面毛化 (表面粗糙度为 Ra 1至 Ra 6), 从而可使涂层与表面具有 高结合力。
2. 使用热喷涂方法将金属材料 (线材、粉材或棒材)在高速状态下溶射于 待加工表面， 得到金属不粘涂层。
本领域所属技术人员可以理解，喷涂所使用的热喷涂设备可以是公知的 高速或超音速等离子喷涂设备、高速或超音速火焰喷涂设备 (HVAF、HVOF)、 高速或超音速电弧喷涂设备、 以及爆炸喷涂设备。
在本发明优选的实施方案中，喷涂时金属材料溶射于待加工表面的粒子 速度 V不小于 150米 /秒， 即^ 150米 /秒。
在本发明更优选的实施方案中，还将得到的金属不粘涂层进行抛光或磨 削加工处理。 所用的抛光或磨削加工工具可以是不锈钢钢丝刷、 、布轮、 砂 紙球或抛光轮， 所用的动力方式可以是气动或电动。
在本发明优选的实施方案中，经过抛光或磨削加工后的金属不粘涂层厚 度 (即使用厚度)范围为 0.01mm至 0.25mm。
如上所述， 本发明使用的金属不粘涂层与非金属不粘涂层 (以聚氟树脂 涂层为例)相比有很大优点， 如下表所示。
Figure imgf000005_0001
应该理解，本发明的实施例仅是为更好地理解本发明而对本发明做出的 非限定性说明。本领域所属技术人员在没有偏离本发明的精神和范围内可以 对本发明做出各种修改、 替换和变更， 这些修改、 替换和变更仍属于本发明 的保护范围。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种金属不粘涂层烹饪器 ， 其特征在于在所述烹饪器亚的工作面 上涂覆有金属不粘涂层， 所述金属不粘涂层的材料选自以镍铝 (NiAl)为主要 成分的镍铝钼合金 (NiAlMo)或以碳化铬 (Cr3C2)为主要成分的镍铬碳化铬合 金 (NiCr-Cr3C2)。
2. 如权利要求 1 所述的金属不粘涂层烹饪器亚， 其特征在于在热源接 触面上也涂覆有所述的金属不粘涂层。
3. 如权利要求 1或 2所述的金属不粘涂层烹饪器亚， 其特征在于所述 烹饪器亚的工作面涂层包括以镍铝 (NiAl)为主要成分的镍铝钼合金 (Ni AlMo) 所形成的底层和以碳化铬 (Cr3C2)为主要成分的镍铬碳化铬合金 (NiCr-Cr3C2) 所形成的表层。
4. 如权利要求 1或 2所述的金属不粘涂层烹饪器 ， 其特征在于所述 金属不粘涂层厚度范围为 0.01mm至 0.25mm。
5. 一种制备金属不粘涂层烹饪器亚的方法， 包括如下步骤：
将待加工表面进行粗化清洁处理； 及
使用热喷涂法将金属材料涂覆于待加工表面， 得到金属不粘涂层。
6. 如权利要求 5 所述的方法， 其特征在于所述粗化清洁处理步骤所用 的方法是吹矽、。
7. 如权利要求 6所述的方法， 其特征在于所述吹砂是用粒度合适的氧 化铝砂、 白刚玉、 棕刚玉或石英砂砂粒在高气压作用下撞击待加工表面， 使 其表面毛化。
8. 如权利要求 5所述的方法， 其特征在于所述热喷涂法包括高速或超 音速等离子喷涂、 高速或超音速火焰喷涂、 高速或超音速电弧喷涂及爆炸喷 涂。
9. 如权利要求 8所述的方法， 其特征在于喷涂时金属材料溶射于待加 工表面的粒子速度不小于 150米 /秒。
10. 如权利要求 5所述的方法， 其特征在于还包括将得到的金属不粘涂 层进行抛光或磨削加工处理。
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