WO2005098497A1 - 光素子結合構造体及び光ファイバー構造体 - Google Patents
光素子結合構造体及び光ファイバー構造体 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005098497A1 WO2005098497A1 PCT/JP2005/003750 JP2005003750W WO2005098497A1 WO 2005098497 A1 WO2005098497 A1 WO 2005098497A1 JP 2005003750 W JP2005003750 W JP 2005003750W WO 2005098497 A1 WO2005098497 A1 WO 2005098497A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- optical fiber
- optical
- adhesive
- substrate
- element coupling
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 659
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 358
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 272
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 272
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 272
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 226
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 226
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 138
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 76
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 123
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 25
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 19
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 19
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 18
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001020 plasma etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- OCKGFTQIICXDQW-ZEQRLZLVSA-N 5-[(1r)-1-hydroxy-2-[4-[(2r)-2-hydroxy-2-(4-methyl-1-oxo-3h-2-benzofuran-5-yl)ethyl]piperazin-1-yl]ethyl]-4-methyl-3h-2-benzofuran-1-one Chemical compound C1=C2C(=O)OCC2=C(C)C([C@@H](O)CN2CCN(CC2)C[C@H](O)C2=CC=C3C(=O)OCC3=C2C)=C1 OCKGFTQIICXDQW-ZEQRLZLVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006061 abrasive grain Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008393 encapsulating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 fluorinated epoxy acrylate compound Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013007 heat curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001029 thermal curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
- G02B6/3628—Mechanical coupling means for mounting fibres to supporting carriers
- G02B6/3632—Mechanical coupling means for mounting fibres to supporting carriers characterised by the cross-sectional shape of the mechanical coupling means
- G02B6/3636—Mechanical coupling means for mounting fibres to supporting carriers characterised by the cross-sectional shape of the mechanical coupling means the mechanical coupling means being grooves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/255—Splicing of light guides, e.g. by fusion or bonding
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/30—Optical coupling means for use between fibre and thin-film device
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
- G02B6/3628—Mechanical coupling means for mounting fibres to supporting carriers
- G02B6/3648—Supporting carriers of a microbench type, i.e. with micromachined additional mechanical structures
- G02B6/3652—Supporting carriers of a microbench type, i.e. with micromachined additional mechanical structures the additional structures being prepositioning mounting areas, allowing only movement in one dimension, e.g. grooves, trenches or vias in the microbench surface, i.e. self aligning supporting carriers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
- G02B6/3628—Mechanical coupling means for mounting fibres to supporting carriers
- G02B6/3684—Mechanical coupling means for mounting fibres to supporting carriers characterised by the manufacturing process of surface profiling of the supporting carrier
- G02B6/3692—Mechanical coupling means for mounting fibres to supporting carriers characterised by the manufacturing process of surface profiling of the supporting carrier with surface micromachining involving etching, e.g. wet or dry etching steps
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an optical fiber structure, and more particularly, to an optical element coupling structure that is an optical fiber structure in which an optical fiber and an optical waveguide are coupled.
- the present invention also relates to an optical fiber structure in which an optical fiber positioned by a groove having a V-shaped cross section provided on a substrate is fixed between a substrate and a pressing member with an adhesive.
- an optical fiber structure As an example of an optical fiber structure, a groove having a V-shaped cross section and an optical waveguide are formed in a body, and an optical fiber arranged in the groove having a V-shaped cross section is coupled to the optical waveguide.
- An optical element coupling structure optical module
- the optical element coupling structure that can be used will be described below using the optical element coupling structures disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 3 as examples.
- FIG. 7 shows an optical element coupling structure disclosed in Patent Document 1.
- the optical element coupling structure 70 has an optical fiber 72 and a substrate 76 on which an optical waveguide 74 to be aligned with the optical fiber 72 is formed.
- the substrate 76 has a groove 78 having a V-shaped cross section formed so that the optical fiber 72 and the optical waveguide 74 are aligned when the optical fiber 72 is placed, and is formed on the optical waveguide 74 side of the groove 78.
- Recess 80 Recess 80.
- the optical fiber 72 is disposed in the groove 78 having a V-shaped cross section so that the tip of the optical fiber 72 projects into the concave portion 80, and the tip of the optical fiber 72 is brought into contact with the entrance of the optical waveguide 74.
- the optical fiber 72 and the optical waveguide 74 are aligned, that is, centered.
- the optical fiber 72 and the groove 78 having a V-shaped cross section are fixed with an adhesive. Thereby, the alignment state between the optical fiber 72 and the optical waveguide 74 can be maintained.
- FIG. 8 shows an optical element coupling structure disclosed in Patent Document 3.
- the optical element coupling structure 90 includes an optical fiber 91, a substrate 93 on which an optical waveguide 92 to be aligned with the optical fiber 91 is formed, a fixing groove 94 for fixing the optical fiber 91, and a fixing groove.
- Adhesive separating groove 95 Provided in 94 Adhesive separating groove 95.
- a small amount of an ultraviolet-curing adhesive for end face connection 96 is dropped between the optical fiber 91 and the optical waveguide 92, and a fixing adhesive is provided between the optical fiber 91 and the fixing groove 94 of the substrate 93.
- Agent 97 is applied.
- the ultraviolet curing adhesive 96 dropped between them is cured, so that the optical fiber 91 and the optical waveguide are securely bonded.
- the optical fiber 91 and the substrate 93 are bonded by curing the fixing adhesive 97. Since the adhesive 96 for fixing the end face and the adhesive 97 for fixing are separated by the adhesive separating groove 95, even if the fixing adhesive 97 shrinks when it cures, the adhesive 96 for connecting the end face does not. Pulling by the fixing adhesive is prevented, and as a result, misalignment between the optical fiber 91 and the optical waveguide 92 can be prevented.
- the coupling loss of the optical element coupling structure 90 at room temperature of about 25 degrees is suppressed to 0.5 dB or less.
- an optical fiber positioned by a groove of a V-shaped cross-section provided on a substrate is fixed between the substrate and a holding member with an adhesive.
- An optical fiber structure is known.
- a strong optical fiber structure is an optical fiber array in which a groove having a V-shaped cross section and an optical waveguide are formed in a body, and an optical fiber arranged in the groove having a V-shaped cross section is coupled with the optical waveguide.
- Such optical element coupling structures optical modules
- optical element coupling structures in which an optical fiber array and an optical waveguide are coupled optical module
- FIG. 26 shows an optical element coupling structure (optical module) in which a V-shaped cross-section groove and an optical waveguide are formed in a body, and an optical fiber and an optical waveguide arranged in the V-shaped cross-section are coupled to the optical waveguide. It is the front view which made the example a partial section.
- FIG. 27 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XXVII-XXVII in FIG.
- the optical element coupling structure 200 has an upstream optical fiber 202 having an end face 202a and extending in the longitudinal direction, an end face 204a arranged in a direction facing the end face 202a of the upstream optical fiber 202, and It has a downstream optical fiber 204 extending in the longitudinal direction, and an optical waveguide 206 provided therebetween so that light is transmitted from the upstream optical fiber 202 to the downstream optical fiber 204. .
- the optical element coupling structure 200 further includes a substrate 210 provided with a groove 208 having a V-shaped cross section for receiving and positioning the upstream optical fiber 202 and the downstream optical fiber 204, and an upstream optical fiber 202 And a downstream optical fiber 204, and a pressing block 212, 214 for pressing the optical fiber 202, 204 against the substrate 210, respectively, and a substrate 210, an optical fiber 202, 204.
- the holding blocks 212 and 214 have a contact surface 218 that contacts the upstream optical fiber 202 and the downstream optical fiber 204.
- the light propagating through the upstream optical fiber 202 is transmitted to the downstream optical fiber 204 through the optical waveguide 206.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 1 126608 (FIG. 1)
- Patent Document 2 JP 2001-281479 A (Paragraph 0017 and FIG. 1)
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-105324 (Claim 1, Paragraph 0052 and FIG.lb)
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-322744 (FIGS. 1 to 5)
- the coupling loss with the fiber 204 may vary with changes in adhesive viscosity and ambient temperature. This will be described with reference to FIGS. 28 and 29.
- Figure 28 shows the measurement of the viscosity and the coupling loss of the adhesive 216 at an ambient temperature of + 25 ° C, that is, at approximately the same temperature as when the optical fibers 202 and 204 were fixed to the V-shaped groove 208 of the substrate 210.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a relationship with a value.
- FIGS. 28 and 29 are diagram showing the relationship between the viscosity of the adhesive 216 and the change in the measured value of the bonding loss when the ambient temperature changes from 40 ° C. to + 85 ° C.
- the viscosity of the adhesive 216 is relatively low, +2
- the coupling loss of the optical element coupling structure 200 at 5 ° C is relatively small (see Fig. 28)
- the temperature changes from ⁇ 40 ° C to + 85 ° C the variation of the coupling loss is relatively small. Large (see Figure 29).
- the coupling loss of the optical element coupling structure 200 at + 25 ° C is small, the coupling loss of the optical element coupling structure 200 at 40 ° C or + 85 ° C is considerably large.
- the coupling loss of the optical element coupling structure 200 at + 25 ° C. is relatively large (see FIG. 28), but the temperature is ⁇ 40 ° C. + 85.
- the variation in coupling loss when changing over ° C is relatively small (see Figure 29).
- the coupling loss of the optical element coupling structure 200 at a temperature of + 25 ° C., ⁇ 40 ° C., or + 85 ° C. remains relatively large and does not fluctuate much.
- FIG. 30 is a diagram showing the relationship between the elastic modulus and the viscosity of the adhesive. As can be seen from FIG. 30, there is a proportional relationship between the viscosity and the elastic modulus of the adhesive, and the higher the viscosity of the adhesive, the higher the elastic modulus. Thus, the bond loss varies not only with changes in the viscosity and ambient temperature of the adhesive, but also with the elastic modulus of the adhesive.
- an optical Internet network has become widespread in each home.
- the provision of an optical Internet line to each home is performed by splitting the optical fiber on the line providing side into a plurality of optical fibers by an optical splitter, and drawing the split optical fiber into each home.
- the method is becoming mainstream.
- An optical element coupling structure for coupling the optical fiber and the optical waveguide described above is used in the optical splitter.
- Optical splitters are, for example, placed in a box attached to a utility pole near each home, so they are affected by the temperature of the surrounding environment. In particular, the temperature in a strong box may fluctuate more than the temperature in the atmosphere.
- the loss of light transmitted to each home via the optical splitter using the above-described optical element coupling structure that is, the coupling loss of the optical element coupling structure fluctuates due to a temperature change in the surrounding environment, that is, May increase.
- the coupling loss of the optical element coupling structure 200 is below a predetermined level.
- the predetermined level is preferably 0.6 dB, more preferably 0.5 dB, and more preferably 0.4 dB.
- the optical element connection disclosed in Patent Document 3 the coupling loss at 25 ° C. of 0.5 dB or less is achieved.
- the coupling loss is preferably 0.2 dB or less, which is desirable to further reduce the coupling loss.
- the present invention provides an optical element coupling structure that couples an optical fiber and an optical waveguide, which can reduce fluctuations in light transmission loss, that is, fluctuations in coupling loss due to a temperature change in the surrounding environment. That is the first purpose.
- a second object of the present invention is to provide an optical fiber single structure capable of improving the coupling loss when an adhesive having a relatively high viscosity is used.
- the optical element coupling structure according to the first aspect of the present invention is an optical element coupling structure coupling an optical fiber and an optical waveguide, An optical fiber; and a substrate on which an optical waveguide to be aligned with the optical fiber is formed.
- the substrate is formed so that the optical fiber and the optical waveguide are aligned when the optical fiber is placed.
- an upwardly open groove having a V-shaped cross section, and a concave portion extending below the groove and forming an upwardly open space on the optical waveguide side of the V-shaped cross section.
- the tip of the optical fiber is arranged in a groove having a V-shaped cross-section such that the tip of the optical fiber protrudes into the recess, and is fixed thereto with an adhesive for an optical fiber.
- the optical fiber is disposed in the groove having a V-shaped cross-section such that the tip end projects into the concave portion.
- the tip is brought into contact with the optical waveguide.
- the optical fiber and the optical waveguide are aligned and immediately centered.
- the optical fiber 1 and the groove having the V-shaped cross section are fixed with an optical fiber adhesive.
- a space between the tip of the optical fiber and the optical waveguide and between the concave portion and the recess are filled with a binder for the optical fiber, and the tip of the optical fiber and the optical waveguide are bonded. Thereby, the alignment state between the optical fiber and the optical waveguide can be maintained.
- the adhesive for the optical fiber 1 filled between the optical fiber 1 and the groove having the V-shaped cross section expands and contracts due to a change in the temperature of the surrounding environment.
- the optical element coupling structure of the related art relative movement occurs between the distal end of the optical fiber and the optical waveguide, and the two are displaced from each other, thereby increasing light transmission loss, that is, coupling loss.
- the optical element coupling structure according to the present invention since the distal end of the optical fiber and the optical waveguide are coupled with the coupling agent for the optical fiber, the coupling between the distal end of the optical fiber and the optical waveguide is performed. The relative movement between them is regulated. Thereby, the coupling loss of the optical element coupling structure can be reduced.
- the configuration in which the concave portion is formed on the optical waveguide side of the groove having the V-shaped cross section and the tip of the optical fiber is disposed so as to protrude into the concave portion, as will be apparent from the later-described embodiment. Even when the different optical fiber adhesive and the different optical fiber binder are in contact with each other, the coupling loss of the optical element coupling structure can be reduced. This recess is
- the end face of the waveguide can be mirror-finished. Thereby, the end face return loss can be reduced, and the coupling loss of the optical element coupling structure can be further reduced.
- the substrate further has an upper surface on which a groove having a V-shaped cross section is formed
- the optical element coupling structure further comprises: It has a pressing member arranged so as to sandwich the optical fiber together with the upper surface and at a distance from the upper surface, and the pressing member has a larger diameter than the outer diameter of the optical fiber arranged so as to cover the optical fiber. Also has a wide groove, the adhesive for optical fiber It is filled between the groove and the optical fiber and between the holding member and the upper surface.
- the optical fiber is formed by the adhesive for the optical fiber filled between the optical fiber and the groove having the V-shaped cross section and the wide groove of the holding member. It is fixed to the substrate by the optical fiber adhesive filled in between.
- the optical fiber 1 is roughly located at one portion below the optical fiber, namely, the adhesive for the optical fiber 1 filled between the optical fiber 1 and the groove having the V-shaped cross section and the two portions above the optical fiber. That is, it is supported at a total of three places of the adhesive for the optical fiber filled between the both sides of the optical fiber and the wide groove.
- the relative movement of the optical fiber with respect to the V-shaped cross-sectional groove is regulated, and accordingly, the optical fiber with respect to the optical waveguide is moved.
- the relative movement of the tip is also restricted.
- the coupling loss of the optical element coupling structure can be further reduced.
- the adhesive for optical fiber and the adhesive for optical fiber may be the same adhesive or different compositions.
- they Preferably, they have a modulus of 0.01 to 0.5 GPa and a coefficient of linear expansion of 40 to 300 ppm Z ° C.
- their viscosity is preferably 100-1,0 OOmPa's.
- the adhesive for optical fiber and the adhesive for one optical fiber are the same adhesive.
- the adhesive for optical fiber and the binder for optical fiber are the same adhesive, only one type of composition is required for bonding or bonding, so that the manufacturing process can be simplified. .
- the optical element coupling structure further includes a sealing material applied so as to cover the tip of the optical fiber and the binder for the optical fiber.
- the elastic modulus of the sealing material is larger than the elastic modulus of the adhesive for optical fiber and the binder for optical fiber.
- the optical fiber coupling agent filled between the tip of the optical fiber and the optical waveguide expands or contracts due to a change in ambient temperature, and distortion occurs.
- the sealing material has a higher elastic modulus than the optical fiber binder
- the strain of the optical fiber binder is regulated by the sealing material. be able to.
- the relative movement between the tip of the optical fiber and the optical waveguide is regulated, and as a result, the fluctuation of the coupling loss of light can be reduced.
- a resin having low transparency can be used as the sealing material. It is advantageous to use a resin or the like having a low moisture permeability for the sealing material.
- the adhesive for optical fiber and the adhesive for one optical fiber are the same adhesive.
- the optical fiber adhesive and the optical fiber adhesive may be the same adhesive or different compositions.
- their elastic modulus is 0.01-3.
- OGPa and their coefficient of linear expansion is 40-300 ppmZ ° C
- the elastic modulus of the sealing material is 5-20 GPa.
- its linear expansion coefficient is 5-30ppmZ ° C.
- the viscosity is preferably 100-8, OOOmPa's for the optical fiber adhesive and the optical fiber binder, and 10,000-200, OOOmPa's for the sealing material.
- the adhesive for optical fiber and the binder for optical fiber are different compositions, and the elastic modulus of the binder for optical fiber is: It is smaller than the elastic modulus of the optical fiber adhesive.
- the adhesive for the optical fiber and the adhesive for the optical fiber are different compositions, so that the tip of the optical fiber is higher than when both are the same adhesive.
- the relative movement between the portion and the optical waveguide can be restricted. Specifically, when the temperature of the surrounding environment changes, both the optical fiber adhesive and the optical fiber binder expand or contract. If both are the same adhesive, they will expand or contract at the same rate. On the other hand, if the elastic modulus of the optical fiber binder is lower than that of the optical fiber adhesive, the rate of expansion or contraction of the optical fiber binder for the same temperature change Can be made smaller than the expansion or contraction ratio of the optical fiber adhesive.
- the adhesive for optical fiber is used only to fix the optical fiber to the groove having the V-shaped cross section, the transparency and the refractive index matching are used. This eliminates the need for an adhesive, and allows the selection of an adhesive that does not have a strong property. Further, it is advantageous to use an adhesive or the like having high moisture resistance.
- the optical fiber coupling agent further covers the tip of the optical fiber to seal the optical fiber and the optical waveguide. Is applied.
- the optical fiber coupling agent due to the temperature change of the surrounding environment is smaller than when the optical fiber coupling agent is filled only between the optical fiber and the optical waveguide.
- the expansion and contraction of the agent is regulated.
- the relative movement between the optical fiber and the optical waveguide is restricted, and as a result, the coupling loss fluctuation of the optical element coupling structure can be further reduced.
- the elastic modulus of the adhesive for optical fiber is 0.01-3.
- OGPa and its linear expansion coefficient is 20-100 ppmZ ° C.
- the viscosity of the binder is preferably 1,000 to 5,000 mPa-s for the optical fiber binder and 5,000 to 100,000 mPa, s for the optical fiber adhesive.
- the inventor of the present application has found that when the adhesive 216 having a relatively high viscosity is used, the coupling loss at + 25 ° C becomes large.
- the cross section of the optical element coupling structure (optical fiber one structure) 100 using the adhesive 216 having a relatively high viscosity was observed with a metallographic microscope. As a result, it was confirmed that the adhesive 216 remained in the gap between the groove 208 having the V-shaped cross section of the substrate 210 and the optical fibers 202 and 204.
- the present invention is an invention obtained as a result of diligent efforts to reduce an adhesive remaining in a gap between a groove having a V-shaped cross section and an optical fiber.
- an optical fiber structure includes an optical fiber having an end face and extending in a longitudinal direction, and an optical fiber A substrate provided with a groove having a V-shaped cross-section for receiving and positioning the optical fiber, a pressing member for covering the optical fiber and also pressing the optical fiber against the substrate, a substrate, an optical fiber and a pressing member Filling the space between them to secure them to each other
- An optical fiber structure having an adhesive, wherein the pressing member includes a first contact portion, an intermediate portion, and a second contact portion which are sequentially provided in the longitudinal direction from the end face side of the optical fiber.
- the first contact portion and the second contact portion of the pressing member contact the optical fiber and the optical fiber is pressed against the substrate. It is characterized in that the pressing member is pressed down and the intermediate portion of the pressing member is spaced from the optical fiber via an adhesive.
- the extra space between the optical fiber and the groove having the V-shaped cross section of the substrate when the optical fiber is pressed against the substrate by the pressing member, the extra space between the optical fiber and the groove having the V-shaped cross section of the substrate.
- the adhesive is displaced, and the adhesive flows out of the gap between the optical fiber and the groove.
- the part of the optical fiber where the first contact part and the second contact part of the holding member are in contact is forcibly pressed against the substrate.
- one portion of the optical fiber that is spaced from the intermediate portion of the holding member is not forcibly pressed against the substrate.
- the excess adhesive is applied to the portions of the optical fiber that are forcibly pressed toward the substrate, that is, the first contact portion and the second contact portion.
- such a portion of the optical fiber can substantially contact the groove of the substrate. This means that the optical fiber is closer to the design position where coupling loss is lowest.
- an optical fiber structure using an adhesive having a relatively low viscosity is also included in the present invention.
- the optical fiber and the substrate are pressed by pressing the optical fiber against the substrate by the pressing member.
- the excess adhesive between the groove having the V-shaped cross section and the gap force between the optical fiber and the groove flows out over the entire length of the holding block in the longitudinal direction.
- the viscosity is relatively high, the adhesive will remain in the gap between the optical fiber and the groove.
- the optical fiber is positioned at a position different from the designed position, and the coupling loss increases.
- the optical fiber preferably comprises a plurality of optical fibers provided in parallel with each other, and has a V-shaped cross section corresponding to the plurality of optical fibers.
- a groove is provided in the substrate.
- the excess adhesive flowing out of the gap between the optical fiber and the groove into the space between the optical fiber and the optical fiber further forms the pressing member. It flows over the optical fiber through the space between the intermediate part and the optical fiber and transversely to the longitudinal direction. As a result, excess adhesive flows so as to bring the portions of the optical fiber corresponding to the first portion and the second portion of the holding block closer to the grooves. As a result, the coupling loss for each of the plurality of optical fibers can be improved. This is particularly useful for an optical fiber structure in which a V-shaped groove and an optical waveguide core aligned with each other are formed in a body. Further, since the pitch between adjacent optical fibers can be made more uniform, it is also useful for an optical fiber structure having an optical fiber array.
- the first contact portion of the pressing member is a contact surface for coming into contact with the optical fiber and pressing the optical fiber against the substrate. And a facing surface provided on both sides of the contact surface with respect to the longitudinal direction and facing the substrate, wherein the contact surface forms a recessed portion with respect to the facing surface, and the facing surfaces located on both sides of the recessed portion.
- the distance between the substrate and the substrate is 20-40 m.
- the holding block and the substrate can be securely fixed, and the variation of the coupling loss due to the temperature change of the optical fiber single structure can be further reduced. That is, if the distance between the opposing surface and the substrate becomes too large, If the adhesive force between the holding block and the substrate decreases and the distance between the opposing surface and the substrate becomes too small, the stress exerted on the optical fiber by the adhesive when the temperature changes will increase, It exacerbates the coupling loss of the fiber structure.
- the opposing surface is provided on both sides of the contact surface with respect to the longitudinal direction, that is, in the lateral direction, the holding block and the substrate are arranged substantially symmetrically with respect to the optical fiber.
- the viscosity of the adhesive is preferably 10,000 to 50,000 mPa-s, more preferably 20,000 to 40,000 mPa, s.
- the elastic modulus of the adhesive is preferably 0.01-3. OGPa, and the coefficient of linear expansion is preferably 20-100 ppmZ. C.
- the variation in the coupling loss of the optical fiber due to the temperature change is relatively small. Therefore, for example, the coupling loss when the temperature changes from 40 ° C. to + 85 ° C. can be reduced to a predetermined level or less, and the third object of the present invention is achieved.
- the predetermined level is preferably 0.5 dB, more preferably 0.4 dB.
- the longitudinal length of the first contact portion is 0.5 to 3 times the diameter of the optical fiber.
- the first contact portion of the pressing member can surely bring the optical fiber close to the groove of the substrate, thereby improving the coupling loss of the optical fiber. That is, if the length of the first contact portion in the longitudinal direction is too short, the force for pressing the optical fiber against the substrate is likely to be insufficient. Of the optical fiber structure.
- the substrate has an upper surface provided with a groove having a V-shaped cross section, and an intermediate portion faces the upper surface of the substrate and has an optical fiber. It has a traversing flat lower surface.
- an optical fiber structure according to the present invention receives and positions an optical fiber having an end face and extending in a longitudinal direction, and an optical fiber.
- the substrate has a first grooved portion, an intermediate portion, and a second grooved portion provided adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber.
- a groove having a V-shaped cross section is provided in the grooved portion and the second grooved portion, and an intermediate portion of the substrate is spaced from the optical fiber via an adhesive.
- the optical fiber and the groove having the V-shaped cross section of the substrate are in contact with each other.
- the excess adhesive in between is dislodged and the adhesive flows out of the gap between the optical fiber and the groove.
- the part of the optical fiber received in the first grooved part and the second grooved part of the substrate is forcibly pressed toward the substrate.
- the portion of the optical fiber that is spaced apart from the middle portion of the substrate is not forcibly pressed against the substrate.
- the excess adhesive is applied to the portion of the optical fiber which is forcibly pressed toward the substrate, that is, the first grooved portion and the second groove.
- such a portion of the optical fiber can substantially contact the groove of the substrate.
- optical fiber is closer to the design position where coupling loss is lowest.
- an adhesive having a relatively high viscosity is used, the coupling loss of the optical fiber unit can be improved.
- an optical fiber structure using an adhesive having a relatively low viscosity is also included in the present invention.
- the optical fiber structure is an optical fiber It may be an array, or an optical element coupling structure in which a groove having a V-shaped cross section and an optical waveguide are coupled to each other, and an optical fiber and an optical waveguide arranged in the groove having a V-shaped cross section are coupled to each other.
- An optical element coupling structure (optical module) in which an optical fiber array and an optical waveguide are coupled!
- optical element coupling structure for coupling an optical fiber and an optical waveguide According to the optical element coupling structure for coupling an optical fiber and an optical waveguide according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce a variation in coupling loss of light due to a change in ambient temperature.
- the optical fiber single structure of the present invention can improve the coupling loss when an adhesive having a relatively high viscosity is used.
- optical fiber structure of the present invention can reduce the coupling loss when the temperature changes from 40 ° C. to + 85 ° C. to a predetermined level or less.
- FIG. 1 is a partially sectional front view of an optical element coupling structure of an optical fiber and an optical waveguide according to a first embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II II.
- the optical element coupling structure 1 for coupling the optical fiber 1 and the optical waveguide includes an optical fiber 1 2 and an optical waveguide 4 to be aligned with the optical fiber 12. And the substrate 6 formed.
- the optical fiber 12 has an entrance-side optical fiber 12a and an exit-side optical fiber 2b, and light transmitted through the entrance-side optical fiber 12a passes through the optical waveguide 4 and exits.
- the end face 2d of the core 2c of the optical fiber 1a is aligned with the entrance end face 4a of the optical waveguide 4 so as to be transmitted to the optical fiber 2b, and the exit end face 4b of the optical waveguide 4 and the core 2e of the exit optical fiber 2b are transmitted. 2f and are aligned.
- the number of the input side optical fiber 1a and the number of the output side optical fiber 2b may be one, or a plurality may be provided in the lateral direction, that is, they may be in an array.
- the optical element coupling structure 1 functions as an optical splitter
- the entrance-side optical fiber 2a is an array.
- the optical element coupling structure Body 1 functions as an optical coupler. Since the structure on the entrance side and the structure on the exit side of the optical element coupling structure 1 are the same, only the structure on the entrance side will be described below, and the description of the structure on the exit side will be omitted.
- the substrate 6 is formed so that the optical fiber 12 and the optical waveguide 4 are aligned when the optical fiber 12 is placed, and has a V-shaped cross-section groove 8 that is open upward, and It has a recess 10 which forms a space extending downward and opening upward on the optical waveguide 4 side of the groove 8 having a V-shaped cross section. More specifically, the substrate 6 extends upward from the base section 12 and supports the optical fiber 12 for supporting the optical fiber 12, and the base section 12 is separated from the optical fiber support 14 by an interval. It has an optical waveguide section 16 extending upward and having an optical waveguide 4 formed thereon, and a concave portion 10 is formed between the optical fiber support section 14 and the optical waveguide section 16.
- the groove 8 having a V-shaped cross section is formed on the upper surface 14a of the optical fiber support portion 14.
- the groove 8 and the optical waveguide 4 having a V-shaped cross section are formed when the optical fiber 12 having a known outer diameter (for example, 125 m) is placed on the groove 8 having a V-shaped cross section. It is formed so as to be aligned.
- the bottom surface 10a of the concave portion 10 is formed substantially parallel to the upper surface 14a of the optical fiber support portion 14, and the two side surfaces 10b of the concave portion 10 are formed substantially perpendicular to the bottom surface 10a.
- the length of the concave portion 10 in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber is, for example, 100 to 150 m.
- the optical fiber 12 is disposed in the groove 8 having a V-shaped cross section so that the tip end 18 projects into the concave portion 10, whereby the optical fiber 12 and the optical waveguide 4 are aligned. I have. It is preferable that the end face 2d of the optical fiber 1a is in contact with the entrance end face 4a of the optical waveguide 4, but in practice, in order to facilitate their automatic assembly, the end face 2d of the optical fiber There is a gap of about 10-20 m between the inlet end face 4a of Fig. 4 and 4a.
- the optical fiber 12 is fixed to the groove 8 having a V-shaped cross section by an optical fiber adhesive 22 filled in a space 20 between the optical fiber 12 and the groove 8 of the V-shaped end face.
- optical fiber connecting agent 24 is transparent to light (transparency) and has an appropriate refractive index (refractive index matching property) because light transmitted from the optical fiber 12 to the optical waveguide 4 passes therethrough. ) Is necessary, and is preferably used as a refractive index adjuster.
- Optical fiber binder 24 May be a light-curable adhesive such as an ultraviolet-curable resin or a visible-light curable resin, or may be a photo-heat and heat-curable adhesive to which a heat-curing catalyst has been added in advance. It may be a composition in the form of a filler or a filler. Light curable adhesives are, for example,
- UV-curable epoxy resin “UV2100” manufactured by Daikin The photo-thermal curing adhesive is an ultraviolet-curable epoxy resin or an ultraviolet-curable acrylic resin, such as “3553HM”, a UV-thermosetting epoxy resin manufactured by EMI.
- the optical fiber adhesive 22 is preferably a composition similar to that of the optical fiber binder 24. Further, the adhesive for optical fiber 22 and the binder for optical fiber 24 are preferably the same adhesive, but may have different compositions. FIG. 1 shows a case where the optical fiber adhesive 22 and the optical fiber binder 24 are the same adhesive.
- An example of a method for manufacturing the optical fiber 1 and the optical element coupling structure 1 of the optical waveguide according to the first embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention is as follows. A substrate 6 made of silicon, a polymer material, or the like is prepared, and a groove 8 having a V-shaped cross section is formed by performing anisotropic etching according to a resist pattern created by photolithography.
- the optical waveguide 4 is formed on the substrate 6 on which the groove 8 having the V-shaped cross section is formed. More specifically, when the optical waveguide 4 is formed of a polymer material, after forming a cladding layer and a core layer thereon by a spin coating method or the like, a process such as photolithography and reactive ion etching is performed. Forming a core having a rectangular cross-section from the core layer by performing machining such as stamping and embossing, and further forming a cladding layer so as to cover the core by the same method as described above to form the optical waveguide 4. .
- the optical waveguide 4 is formed of quartz
- a quartz layer is formed on the substrate 6 by a flame deposition method, a CVD method, or the like, and a rectangular quartz core is formed by a process such as dry etching. Thereafter, a cladding layer is formed so as to cover the core, and the optical waveguide 4 is formed.
- the step of forming the groove 8 of the V-shaped cross section and the step of forming the optical waveguide 4 are performed in such a manner that the optical fiber 12 and the optical waveguide 4 are aligned when the optical fiber 12 is placed in the groove 8 of the V-shaped cross section. This is performed so that the positional relationship between the groove 8 and the optical waveguide 4 can be obtained.
- a recess 10 is formed by dry etching, dicing, or the like so that the end face 2d of the optical fiber 1a placed in the groove 8 having the V-shaped cross section can contact the entrance end face 4a of the optical waveguide 4.
- an optical fiber adhesive 22 is applied to the groove 8 having a V-shaped cross section. Tip 18 of optical fiber 2 projects into recess 10
- the optical fiber 12 is arranged in the groove 8 having a V-shaped cross section so that the optical fiber 12 and the optical waveguide 4 are bonded to each other.
- the bonding agent 24 for the optical fiber is filled between the end face 2d of the optical fiber 2a and the entrance end face 4a of the optical waveguide 4 and the concave portion 10, whereby the tip 18 of the optical fiber 2 and the optical waveguide 2 are filled. Combine with 4.
- FIG. 3 is a partially sectional front view of an optical element coupling structure according to a second embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. FIG.
- An optical element coupling structure of an optical fiber and an optical waveguide according to a second embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention except that a holding member described later is added, the first aspect according to the first aspect described above. This is the same as the optical element coupling structure according to the embodiment. Therefore, portions common to the first embodiment according to the first aspect are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted, and only different portions will be described below.
- the optical element coupling structure 30 includes an optical fiber It has a pressing member 32 that sandwiches 2 and is spaced from the upper surface 14a.
- the holding member 32 is preferably made of glass or a polymer material.
- the holding member 32 has a groove 34 wider than the outer diameter of the optical fiber 12 arranged to cover the optical fiber 2.
- the cross-sectional shape of the wide groove 34 may be rectangular, U-shaped, or the like. Between the wide groove 34 and the optical fiber 12, spaces 36 filled with the optical fiber adhesive 22 are formed on both sides of the optical fiber 12.
- the optical fiber adhesive 22 is filled between the wide groove 34 and the optical fiber 12 and between the pressing member 32 and the upper surface 14a of the optical fiber support portion 14.
- the optical fiber adhesive 22 and the optical fiber binder 24 of the present embodiment are the same as the optical fiber adhesive 22 and the optical fiber binder 24 of the first embodiment according to the first aspect. belongs to. Further, the adhesive for optical fiber 22 and the adhesive for optical fiber 24 are preferably the same adhesive, but may be different compositions. In FIG. 3, as in FIG. 1, the optical fiber adhesive 22 and the optical fiber binder 24 are the same adhesive. Shows the case.
- the optical fiber 2 due to a temperature change of the surrounding environment can be formed.
- the amount of relative movement with the optical waveguide 4, that is, the change in insertion loss of light into the optical waveguide 4, that is, the change in coupling loss can be reduced.
- the elastic modulus of the adhesive for optical fiber 22 and the binder for optical fiber 24 is 0.01 to 0.5 GPa, and the glass preferably has a linear expansion coefficient of 40 to 30 Oppm / ° C.
- the transition temperature Tg is preferably 100 ° C. or higher and 15 ° C. or higher than the temperature of the surrounding environment.
- the viscosity of the optical fiber adhesive 22 and the optical fiber binder 24 is preferably 100-1,500 mPa's, more preferably 100-500 mPa's.
- the optical fiber adhesive 22 and the optical fiber binder 24 are, for example, a UV-curable acrylic resin “AT8224” manufactured by NTT-AT.
- An example of a method of manufacturing the optical element coupling structure 30 according to the second embodiment according to the first aspect of the present invention includes the optical element coupling structure 1 according to the first embodiment according to the first aspect described above.
- a step of applying an appropriate amount of the adhesive for optical fiber 22 on the optical fiber 12 and covering the wide groove 36 of the holding member 32 on the optical fiber 12 is performed.
- FIG. 5 is a partially sectional front view of an optical element coupling structure according to a third embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.
- the optical element coupling structure according to the third embodiment according to the first aspect of the present invention includes an optical element coupling structure according to the second embodiment according to the first aspect described above, except that a sealing material described below is added. Similar to the structure. Therefore, portions common to the second embodiment according to the first aspect are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. Hereinafter, only different portions will be described. Note that the cross-sectional view of the optical element coupling structure according to the third embodiment according to the first aspect is a cross-sectional view of the optical element coupling structure according to the second embodiment according to the first aspect. It is omitted because it is the same.
- the optical element coupling structure 40 includes a tip 18 of the optical fiber 12 and a binder 24 for the optical fiber. Paint to cover It has a wrapped encapsulant 42.
- the sealing material 42 is further coupled to the pressing member 32, extends above the waveguide section 16 of the substrate 6, and is connected to the sealing material on the outlet side.
- the optical fiber adhesive 22 and the optical fiber binder 24 of the third embodiment according to the first aspect of the present invention are the optical fiber adhesive 22 and the optical fiber binder 22 of the first embodiment according to the first aspect. It is the same as the optical fiber binder 24.
- the optical fiber adhesive 22 and the optical fiber binder 24 may be the same adhesive or a different composition, but hereinafter, both will be described as being the same adhesive. .
- FIG. 5 shows a case where the optical fiber adhesive 22 and the optical fiber binder 24 are the same adhesive 44.
- the adhesive 44 is, for example, an ultraviolet curable epoxy resin “3553HM” manufactured by EMI.
- the sealing material 42 is a composition different from the adhesive 44.
- the elastic modulus of the optical fiber adhesive 22 and the optical fiber binder 24 is smaller than the elastic modulus of the sealing material 42.
- the sealing material 42 may be a non-transparent adhesive unlike the optical fiber binder 24.
- the sealing material 42 may be an epoxy resin or a non-solvent type liquid sealing material (for example, a non-solvent type liquid sealing material “CEL-C 1900” manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.). It may be.
- epoxy resin it is preferable to use one with low moisture permeability to achieve a longer life in a high humidity environment.
- the distance between the optical fiber 12 and the optical waveguide 4 due to a temperature change in the surrounding environment can be improved. , That is, the fluctuation of the coupling loss to the optical waveguide 4 can be reduced.
- the elastic modulus of the optical fiber adhesive 22 and the optical fiber binder 24 is 0.01-3. OGPa, and its linear expansion coefficient is preferably 40-300 ppmZ ° C.
- the temperature Tg is preferably 100 ° C. or higher and 15 ° C. or higher than the temperature of the surrounding environment.
- the viscosity of the optical fiber adhesive 22 and the optical fiber binder 24 is preferably 100-8, OOOmPa's force, and more preferably 100-2, OOOmPa's force ⁇ ! / ⁇ .
- the elastic modulus of the sealing material 42 is preferably 5 to 20 GPa, its linear expansion coefficient is preferably 5 to 30 ppmZ ° C, its glass transition temperature Tg is 100 ° C or more, and it is lower than the temperature of the surrounding environment. 15 ° C or higher.
- the viscosity of the sealing material 42 is preferably 10,000-200, OOOmPa's force, and more preferable than 10,000-100, OOOmPa's force! / ⁇ .
- the glue 44 Kin's UV-curable epoxy resin “UV2100” is used, and the sealing material is, for example, a non-solvent type liquid sealing material “CEL-C-1900” manufactured by Hitachi Chemical.
- An example of the method for manufacturing an optical element coupling structure according to the third embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention is described in the optical element coupling structure according to the second embodiment according to the first aspect.
- a process of applying a sealing material 42 so as to cover the tip 18 of the optical fiber 12 and the binder 24 for the optical fiber may be performed.
- FIG. 6 is a partially sectional front view of an optical element bonding structure according to a fourth embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.
- the optical element coupling structure 50 of the fourth embodiment according to the first aspect of the present invention is different in that the combination of the optical fiber adhesive and the optical fiber binder is different and that the optical fiber binder is different. Except that the application range is different, it is similar to the optical element coupling structure 30 of the second embodiment according to the first aspect described above. Therefore, portions common to the second embodiment according to the first aspect are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted, and only different portions will be described below.
- a cross-sectional view of the optical element coupling structure according to the fourth embodiment according to the first aspect is the same as FIG. 4 which is a cross-sectional view of the optical element coupling structure according to the second embodiment according to the first aspect. Therefore, it is omitted.
- the optical fiber binder 52 and the optical fiber adhesive 22 are different compositions. Further, it is preferable that the elastic modulus of the optical fiber binder 52 is smaller than the elastic modulus of the optical fiber adhesive 22.
- the optical fiber binder 52 covers the tip of the optical fiber in addition to the area filled with the optical fiber binder 24 of the second embodiment according to the first aspect. It is applied so as to seal the eye bar and the optical waveguide.
- the optical fiber coupling agent 52 is further coupled to the pressing member 32, extends above the waveguide section 16 of the substrate 6, and is coupled to the exit side optical fiber coupling agent. While the force is being applied, the optical fiber connecting agent 52, like the optical fiber connecting agent 24 of the second embodiment with the first side surface, forms the connection between the distal end portion 18 of the optical fiber 12 and the optical waveguide 4. The space between the gaps and the recesses 10 may only be filled.
- the optical fiber adhesive 22 is a composition similar to that of the first embodiment according to the first aspect. An adhesive having no light transmittance or refractive index matching may be used. Further, the optical fiber adhesive 22 may have high moisture resistance.
- the adhesive 22 for one optical fiber is, for example, an ultraviolet-curable epoxy resin “3553HM” manufactured by EMI, and an ultraviolet-curable epoxy resin “WR8774” and “WR8775” manufactured by Kyoritsu Chemical.
- the optical fiber binder 52 may be an adhesive, a gel composition, or a filler.
- the optical fiber binder 52 is, for example, a cation cured silicone resin “WR8962H” manufactured by Kyoritsu Chemical.
- the optical fiber due to the temperature change of the surrounding environment can be obtained.
- the amount of relative movement between the optical waveguide 4 and the optical waveguide 4, that is, the variation in the coupling loss to the optical waveguide 4 can be reduced.
- Modulus of the optical fiber one for the binder 52 10 6 - was 10 GPa, the linear expansion coefficient of 100- 400 ppm / ° it is preferably a C instrument that glass transition temperature Tg is optional.
- the viscosity of the optical fiber binder 52 is preferably from 1,000 to 5,000 mPa's, more preferably from 2,000 to 3,000 mPa's.
- the elastic modulus of the adhesive for optical fiber 22 is 0.01-3. OGPa, and its linear expansion coefficient is preferably 20-100 ppmZ ° C. Its glass transition temperature Tg is 100 ° C. Preferably, the temperature is at least 15 ° C higher than the ambient temperature.
- the viscosity of the optical fiber adhesive 22 is preferably 5,000 to 100, OOOmPa's force, and 5,000 to 50, OOOmPa's force ⁇ more preferable! / ⁇ .
- the optical fiber adhesive 22 is, for example, UV-curable epoxy resins “WR8774” and “WR8775” manufactured by Kyoritsu Chemical, and the optical fiber binder 52 is manufactured by Kyoritsu Chemical, for example. Cation-curable silicone resin "WR8962H”.
- An example of a method for manufacturing an optical element coupling structure of an optical fiber and an optical waveguide according to the fourth embodiment according to the first aspect of the present invention is based on the above-described second embodiment according to the first aspect.
- the optical fiber coupling agent may be applied so as to cover the tip of the optical fiber and seal the optical fiber and the optical waveguide.
- Optical fiber 1 has an outer diameter of 125 / zm one was used.
- the substrate 6 was made of silicon, which is single crystal and easily anisotropically etched.
- the pressing member 32 is transparent to enable the optical fiber adhesive 22 to be cured by ultraviolet rays, and the pressing member 32 also has the same linear expansion coefficient (3.2 ppm / ° C.) as silicon as the material of the substrate 6. ) Was used.
- the optical fiber adhesive 22 and the optical fiber binder 24 have an elastic modulus of 2.4 GPa and a linear expansion coefficient of 107 ppm /.
- the viscosity is 250 mPa's
- the glass transition temperature Tg is 129 ° C
- the chemical formula is
- the optical fiber adhesive 22 and the optical fiber binder 24 have an elastic modulus of 0.05 GPa and a linear expansion coefficient of 200 ppm Z ° C. With a viscosity of 180 mPa's, a glass transition temperature Tg of 111 ° C, and a chemical formula of
- UV-curable acrylic resin containing a fluorinated epoxy acrylate compound represented by (Formula 3) as a main component (for example, NTT-AT No. 8224))) (“Development and application technology of optoelectronic materials”) (Published by the Technical Information Association on February 9, 2001) See Fluorinated Epoxy Attarale Toy Dagger in Table 2 on page 91).
- the elastic modulus was 2. as in Experimental Examples 1 and 2A.
- the coefficient of linear expansion is 107 ppmZ ° C
- the viscosity is 250 mPa's
- the glass transition temperature Tg is 129 ° C
- Rf is represented by the above (Formula 1)
- Rf is represented by the above (Formula 2).
- An ultraviolet-curable epoxy resin for example, “UV2100” manufactured by Daikin) whose main component is a dagger is used.
- the sealing material 42 has an elastic modulus of 15.3 GPa and a linear expansion coefficient of 13.4 ppmZ °.
- a non-solvent type liquid sealing material having a glass transition temperature Tg of 210 ° C (for example, “CEL-C-1900” manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.) was used.
- Tg glass transition temperature
- the glass transition temperature Tg is 120 ° C in OOOmPa ⁇ s.
- the elastic modulus was measured in accordance with JIS-K7127 "Plastic film and sheet tensile test method".
- the linear expansion coefficient was measured using the TMA (thermomechanical analysis) method.
- the measurement condition is a tensile mode for 5 ° CZ.
- the temperature was changed from 20 ° C to 100 ° C, and the measured value at 25 ° C was described.
- the glass transition temperature was measured using a DMA (dynamic viscoelasticity measurement) method. Specifically, using a rheometric 'scientific dynamic viscoelasticity measurement device (type ARES for measuring melt viscoelasticity), the sample was vibrated in the tensile mode and the temperature was increased from 20 ° C to 300 ° C. Glass transition temperature calculated by the device by changing the heating rate up to ° C in 3 ° CZ minutes Adopted degrees.
- DMA dynamic viscoelasticity measurement
- the viscosity was measured in accordance with the method of measuring viscosity using a circular flat plate viscometer in JIS-Z8803 “Viscosity measurement method”. Specifically, the measured values were described under an environmental condition of 25 ° C using an E-type viscometer (model VPU-3B) manufactured by Tokyo Keiki.
- FIG. 9 is a front view of a first embodiment according to the second aspect of the present invention, in which an optical element coupling structure in which a groove having a V-shaped cross section and an optical waveguide are formed in a body is partially sectioned. It is.
- FIGS. 10 to 13 are cross-sectional views taken along line XX, line XI-XI, line XII-XII, and line ⁇ - ⁇ of FIG. 1, respectively.
- an optical element coupling structure 101 has an end face 102 a and an upstream optical fiber extending in the longitudinal direction.
- a downstream optical fiber 104 having an end face 104a disposed in a direction facing the end face 102a of the upstream optical fiber 102 and extending in the longitudinal direction, and an upstream optical fiber 102.
- An optical waveguide 106 is provided between the downstream optical fibers 104 so that the light is transmitted to the downstream optical fibers 104.
- the optical element coupling structure 101 further includes a substrate 110 provided with a V-shaped cross-sectional groove 108 for receiving and positioning the upstream optical fiber 102 and the downstream optical fiber 104, and an upstream optical fiber 102.
- an upstream pressing block 112 for covering the upper optical fiber 102 and pressing the upstream optical fiber 102 toward the substrate 110, and covering the downstream optical fiber 104 from above and directing the downstream optical fiber 104 toward the substrate 110.
- a downstream press block 114 for holding the substrate 110, the optical fibers 102 and 104, and the adhesive 116 filled in a space between them to fix the press blocks 112 and 114 together. ing.
- the upstream optical fiber 102 and the downstream optical fiber 104 have optical fiber cores 102b and 104b, respectively, and optical fiber claddings 102c and 104c disposed therearound.
- the optical waveguide 106 is formed around an optical waveguide core 106a aligned with the optical fiber cores 102b and 104b of the upstream optical fiber 102 and the downstream optical fiber 104. And an optical waveguide cladding 106b.
- the upstream optical fiber 102 is composed of a plurality of optical fibers provided in parallel with each other in the lateral direction with respect to the longitudinal direction. In the present embodiment, two upstream optical fibers 102 are provided, and one downstream optical fiber 104 is provided, and the optical element coupling structure 101 constitutes an optical coupler.
- two upstream end portions 106c of the optical waveguide core 106a are provided so as to be aligned with the two upstream optical fibers 102, and the two optical waveguide cores 106a are directed toward the downstream end portion 106d. As a result, they are combined into one, and are aligned with one downstream optical fiber 104 at the downstream end 106d.
- the diameter of each of the optical fibers 102 and 104 is, for example, 125 m.
- the optical fiber cores 102a and 104a are formed of, for example, quartz.
- the optical waveguide core 106a is formed of, for example, a polymer material or quartz.
- the substrate 110 is a substrate common to the upstream optical fiber 102, the optical waveguide 106, and the downstream optical fiber 104.
- the substrate 110 includes an upstream portion 110a where the upstream optical fiber 102 is fixed, an intermediate portion 110b where the optical waveguide 106 is formed in a body, and a downstream portion where the downstream optical fiber 104 is fixed. It has a part 11 Oc. Between the upstream part 110a and the middle part 11 Ob, and between the middle part 110b and the downstream part 110c, there are formed an upstream recess 118 and a downstream recess 120 that are open in the upward and lateral directions, respectively.
- the upstream recess 118 includes a downstream end surface 118a of the upstream portion 110a, an intermediate portion 11 Ob, and an upstream end surface 118b of the optical waveguide 106.
- the downstream end face 118a and the upstream end face 118b are parallel to each other, and are inclined upward toward the lower side.
- the downstream recess 120 is constituted by the intermediate portion 110b and the downstream end surface 120a of the optical waveguide 106 and the upstream end surface 120b of the downstream portion 110c.
- the downstream end face 120a and the upstream end face 120b are parallel to each other, and are inclined to the downstream side as going downward.
- the longitudinal width of the upstream recess 118 and the downstream recess 120 is about 100 to 200 m, and the inclination angle with respect to the vertical direction is about 418 degrees.
- the upstream optical fiber 102 is disposed so as to protrude into the upstream recess 118, and in the downstream section 110b, the downstream optical fiber 104 is disposed so as to protrude into the downstream recess 120.
- the end face 102a of the upstream optical fiber 102 and the end face 104a of the downstream optical fiber 104 are preferably as close as possible to the optical waveguide 106, Actually, in order to facilitate automatic assembly of the optical fibers 102, 104, a gap of about 10 m is provided between the end faces 102a, 104a of the optical fibers 102, 104 and the optical waveguide 106. ing.
- the upstream portion 110a of the substrate 110 has a flat upper surface 122 provided with a groove 108 having a V-shaped cross section corresponding to the plurality of upstream optical fibers 102.
- the top surface 122 is provided with two V-shaped grooves 108 that extend longitudinally and are arranged parallel to each other to receive and position the two upstream optical fibers 102.
- Each groove 108 having a V-shaped cross section is constituted by two groove surfaces 124.
- the upstream optical fiber 102 When the upstream optical fiber 102 is disposed in the groove 108, it is surrounded by the two places 126 where the upstream optical fiber 102 and the groove surface 124 are closest to each other, and the upstream optical fiber 102 and the groove surface 124. A space 128 is formed.
- the upstream holding block 112 has a contact portion 130a, an intermediate portion 132a, and a contact portion 130b which are provided adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction from the end face 102a side of the upstream optical fiber 102.
- the contact portions 130a and 130b are provided at both longitudinal ends of the upstream holding block 112, and one intermediate portion 132a is provided therebetween.
- the contact portions 130a and 130b contact the upstream optical fiber 102 and contact the upstream optical fiber 102 when the upstream optical fiber 102 is pressed against the substrate 110 by the upstream pressing member 112. It is a portion that is pressed against the substrate 110.
- the intermediate portion 132a is separated from the upstream optical fiber 102 via the adhesive 116, and is separated from the intermediate portion 132a. is there.
- the contact portion 130a has a contact surface 134 for contacting the upstream optical fiber 102 in the longitudinal direction and pressing the upstream optical fiber 102 against the substrate 110, and an upstream optical fiber It has an opposing surface 136 provided on both sides of a contact surface 134 around the center 102 and facing the upper surface 122 of the substrate 110.
- the contact surface 134 forms a concave portion with respect to the facing surface 136, and is curved so as to surround the upstream optical fiber 102.
- a gap is provided between the opposing surfaces 136 located on both sides of the recess and the upper surface 122 of the substrate 110. Have been killed.
- the distance between the facing surface 136 and the upper surface 122 of the substrate 110 is preferably 20 ⁇ m-40 ⁇ m, and more preferably 20 ⁇ m-30 ⁇ m.
- the contact portion 130b has the same structure as the contact portion 130a, the description thereof is omitted.
- the intermediate portion 132a has a flat lower surface 138 that faces the upper surface 122 of the substrate 110 and crosses the upstream optical fiber 102.
- the lower surface 138 is a plane substantially parallel to the upper surface 122 of the substrate 110. Accordingly, the distance between the lower surface 138 of the intermediate portion 132a and the upper surface 122 of the substrate 110 is larger than the distance between the opposing surface 136 of the insect contacting parts 130a and 130b and the upper surface 122 of the substrate 110. .
- the longitudinal length of the contact portions 130a, 130b is preferably 0.5-5 times, more preferably 2-3 times, the diameter of the upstream optical fiber 102. Further, the longitudinal length of the intermediate portion 132a is preferably 118 times, more preferably 5-7 times the diameter of the upstream optical fiber 102. Therefore, when the diameter of the upstream optical fiber 102 is 125 / zm, the longitudinal length of the contact portions 130a and 130b is preferably 60-625 ⁇ m, more preferably 250-375m. . Further, the longitudinal length of the intermediate portion 132a is preferably 125 to 1000 ⁇ m, and more preferably 625 to 875 ⁇ m.
- the downstream portion 110c and the downstream holding block 114 of the substrate 110 are each formed from the number of the upstream optical fibers 102 and the number of the downstream optical fibers 104. Except for the change in the structure corresponding to the number, the structure is symmetrical with the upstream portion 110 a of the substrate 110 and the upstream holding block 112 with the optical waveguide 106 as the center. Therefore, the same reference numerals are given to the components of the downstream portion 110c and the downstream holding block 114 of the substrate 110 which are common to the upstream portion 110a and the upstream holding block 112 of the substrate 110, and the description thereof will be omitted.
- FIGS. 12 and 13 show cross sections of the optical element coupling structure 101 at the contact portion 130a and the intermediate portion 132a of the downstream holding block 114, respectively.
- the viscosity of the adhesive 116 is arbitrary, but in order to reduce the variation in the coupling loss of the optical element coupling structure 101 due to a temperature change by zJ, it is preferable to use 10,000 -50, OOOmPa's. Yes, and more preferably 20,000-40, OOOmPa's.
- the elastic modulus and the coefficient of linear expansion of the adhesive 116 are also arbitrary. Preferably, the elastic modulus is 0.01-3. Is 20-100 ppmZ ° C.
- the adhesive 116 is, for example, UV-curable epoxy resin “WR8774” manufactured by Kyoritsu Chemical (viscosity 30,000 mPa-s, elastic modulus 2.5 GPa, linear expansion coefficient 62 ppmZ ° C).
- the upstream recess 118 and the downstream recess 120 are filled with a binder 144 different from the adhesive 116.
- the binder 144 needs to be transparent to light because the light transmitted from the optical fiber to the optical waveguide passes through the binder.
- the refractive index of the binder 144 is preferably substantially the same as the refractive index of the optical fiber cores 102b and 104b.
- the binder 144 may be an adhesive, a gel composition, or a filler.
- the binder 144 is, for example, a cation-curable silicone resin “WR8962H” manufactured by Kyoritsu Chemical.
- a substrate 110 made of silicon, a polymer material, or the like is prepared, and a groove 108 having a V-shaped cross section is formed by performing anisotropic etching according to a resist pattern created by photolithography.
- the optical waveguide 106 is formed on the substrate 110 on which the groove 108 having the V-shaped cross section is formed. More specifically, when the optical waveguide 106 is formed of a polymer material, after forming the cladding layer 106b and the core layer thereon by a spin coating method or the like, processes such as photolithography and reactive ion etching are performed.
- the optical waveguide core 106a having a rectangular cross section is formed from the core layer by machining such as caroage and embossing, and a cladding layer 106b is formed so as to cover the optical waveguide core 106a by the same method as described above.
- the optical waveguide 106 is formed.
- a quartz layer is formed on the substrate 110 by a flame deposition method, a CVD method, or the like, and is formed into a rectangular quartz core 106a by a process such as dry etching.
- An optical waveguide 106 is formed by forming a cladding layer 106b so as to cover 106a.
- the optical fibers 102 and 104 are placed on the groove surface 124 of the groove 108, the optical fibers 102 and 104 and the optical waveguide 106 are connected. This is performed so as to obtain a positional relationship between the groove surface 124 and the optical waveguide 106 so as to be aligned with submicron accuracy.
- an upstream recess 118 and a downstream recess 120 are formed by dicing or the like.
- an appropriate amount of adhesive 116 is applied to groove 108 and upper surface 122 of substrate 110.
- the optical fibers 102, 104 are arranged on the groove 124 such that the end faces 102a, 104a of the optical fibers 102, 104 project into the upstream recess 118 and the downstream recess 120, respectively. If necessary, an appropriate amount of the adhesive 116 is additionally applied onto the optical fibers 102 and 104.
- the optical fibers 102 and 104 are brought closer to the groove surface 124 by pressing the holding members 112 and 114 with the predetermined pressure for the predetermined time also with the upper force of the optical fibers 102 and 104. At this time, care should be taken so that no air bubbles enter between the holding members 112 and 114 and the substrate 110.
- the adhesive 116 in the space 128 between the optical fibers 102, 104 and the groove 108 in the cross section of the contact portions 130a, 130b instead of flowing out of the gap 126 between the surface 124 (see FIGS. 10 and 12), it moves into the space 128 between the optical fibers 102, 104 and the groove 108 in the cross section of the intermediate portion 132a (see FIG. 10). 11 and Figure 13). Next, it flows out of the gap 126 between the optical fibers 102, 104 and the groove surface 124 in the cross section of the intermediate portion 132a, and enters the space between the lower surface 138 of the holding blocks 112, 114 and the upper surface 122 of the substrate 110. Move (see Figures 11 and 13).
- the adhesive 116 in the space between the two optical fibers 102 is the same as that of the two pieces in the cross section of the intermediate portion 132a. Move into the space between the two optical fibers 102 (see FIG. 11). The adhesive 116 then moves over the optical fiber 102. As a result, the adhesive members 130a and 130b are pressed against the groove surfaces of the groove 108 having the U-shaped optical fiber 102 and 104 in the form of a letter-shaped cross section.
- the adhesive 116 is cured by, for example, ultraviolet irradiation, and the substrate 110, the optical fibers 102 and 104, and the pressing members 112 and 114 are fixed to each other.
- a binder 144 is applied to the upstream recess 118 and the downstream recess 120, and is cured by, for example, ultraviolet irradiation.
- FIG. 14 is a front view partially showing an optical element coupling structure in which a groove having a V-shaped cross section and an optical waveguide are formed in a body according to a second embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a front view partially showing an optical element coupling structure in which a groove having a V-shaped cross section and an optical waveguide are formed in a body according to a second embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention.
- the optical element coupling structure 150 according to the second embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention is as described above.
- An upstream holding block 152 and a downstream holding block 154 are provided instead of the upstream holding block 112 and the downstream holding block 114 of the optical element coupling structure 101 of the first embodiment according to the second aspect. Except for this, it has the same structure as the optical element coupling structure 101. Therefore, hereinafter, the same components as those of the first embodiment according to the second aspect are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted, and only different portions will be described.
- the optical element coupling structure 150 includes an upstream holding block 152 that covers the upstream optical fiber 102 from above and presses the upstream optical fiber 102 toward the substrate 110, and a downstream optical fiber 104 above. And a downstream holding block 154 that covers the substrate 110 and presses the downstream optical fiber 104 against the substrate 110.
- the upstream holding block 152 includes five contact portions 156a to 156e and four intermediate portions 158a to 158d provided adjacently and alternately in the longitudinal direction from the end face 102a side of the upstream optical fiber 102.
- the contact portions 156a and 156e are provided at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the upstream holding block 152.
- the contact portions 156a to 156e contact the upstream optical fiber 102 when the upstream optical fiber 102 is pressed against the substrate 110 by the upstream pressing member 152, and the upstream optical fiber 102 It is the part that presses against 110.
- the intermediate portion 158a is a portion which is spaced from the upstream optical fiber 102 via the adhesive 116 when the upstream optical fiber 102 is pressed against the substrate 110 by the upstream pressing member 112. It is.
- Each of the contact portions 156a to 156e has the same components as the contact portion 130a of the optical element coupling structure 101 according to the first embodiment of the second aspect (see FIG. 10).
- Each of the intermediate portions 158a to 158d has the same components as the intermediate portion 132a of the optical element coupling structure 1 according to the first embodiment of the second aspect (see FIG. 11). Therefore, the same components as those of the first embodiment according to the second aspect are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description of the components of the contact portions 156a to 156e and the intermediate portions 158a to 158d is omitted.
- the downstream holding block 154 is different from the structure corresponding to the number of the upstream optical fibers 102 to the number of the downstream optical fibers 104 in addition to the downstream holding block 152 around the optical waveguide 106. It is configured symmetrically. Therefore, the downstream side common to the upstream holding block 152 The same reference numerals are given to the components of the holding block 154, and the description thereof will be omitted.
- the cross sections of the optical element coupling structure 150 at the contact portions 156a to 156e and the intermediate portions 158a to 158d of the downstream holding block 154 are each an optical element coupling structure 101 according to the first embodiment with the second side surface. Are the same as the cross sections of the contact portion 130a and the intermediate portion 132a of the downstream holding block 114 (see FIGS. 12 and 13, respectively).
- One example of a method for manufacturing the optical element coupling structure 150 according to the second embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention is the optical element coupling structure 101 according to the first embodiment of the second aspect.
- the optical element according to the first embodiment according to the second aspect except that an upstream press block 152 and a downstream press block 154 are used instead of the upstream press block 112 and the downstream press block 114, respectively. Since it is the same as the method of manufacturing the coupling structure 101, description thereof will be omitted.
- FIG. 15 is a front view of a third embodiment according to the second aspect of the present invention, in which an optical element coupling structure in which a groove having a V-shaped cross section and an optical waveguide are formed in a body is partially sectioned.
- FIG. 16 to 19 are cross-sectional views taken along lines XVI-XVI, XVII-XVII, XVIII-XVIII, and XIX-XIX in FIG. 7, respectively.
- the optical element coupling structure 170 according to the third embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention includes the upstream portion 110a of the substrate 110 of the optical element coupling structure 101 according to the first embodiment described above according to the second aspect.
- the same reference numerals as those described above are used, and their descriptions are omitted.
- the upstream holding block 172 is the same as the contact portion 130a of the upstream holding block 112 of the optical element coupling structure 101 of the first embodiment according to the second aspect. It has the following structure. Therefore, the same reference numerals are given to the same components of the upstream holding block 172 as those of the contact portion 130a, and the description thereof will be omitted.
- the upstream portion 110d of the substrate 110 has a grooved portion 178a, an intermediate portion 180a, and a grooved portion 178b provided in the longitudinal direction adjacent to the end face 102a of the upstream optical fiber 102 in the longitudinal direction. I have.
- the grooved portions 178a and 178b are provided at both longitudinal ends of the upstream portion lOd, and the intermediate portion 180a is provided between them.
- the grooved portion 178a has the same structure as the upstream portion lOd of the optical element coupling structure 101 of the first embodiment according to the second aspect.
- the grooved portion 178b has the same structure as the grooved portion 178a. Therefore, the same components as those of the optical element coupling structure 101 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
- the intermediate portion 180 a has a flat upper surface 182 that faces the upstream holding block 172 and traverses the upstream optical fiber 102a.
- the upper surface 182 is a plane substantially parallel to the upper surface 122 of the grooved portion 178a. The upper surface 182 does not have to be provided with a force in which a part of the groove 108 of the grooved portions 178a and 178b is continuously provided.
- the distance between the upper surface 182 of the intermediate portion 180a and the facing surface 136 of the upstream holding block 172 is larger than the distance between the upper surface 122 of the grooved portions 178a and 178b and the facing surface 136 of the upstream holding block 172. It is getting bigger.
- the longitudinal length of the grooved portions 178a, 178b is preferably two to three times the diameter of the upstream optical fiber 102. Further, it is preferable that the length in the longitudinal direction of the intermediate portion 180a is larger than 5 times the diameter of the upstream optical fiber 102. Therefore, if the diameter of the upstream optical fiber 102 is 125 m, the longitudinal length of the grooved portions 178a, 178b is preferably about 250-375 m in the longitudinal direction of the intermediate portion 180a. Preferably, the length is greater than 625 m.
- the downstream portion 110e and the downstream holding block 174 of the substrate 110 are each provided with a structure corresponding to the number of the upstream optical fibers 102 and the downstream optical fiber. Except for the structure corresponding to the number of 104, it is configured symmetrically with the upstream portion lOd of the substrate 110 and the upstream holding block 172 around the optical waveguide 106. Therefore, the downstream portion 110e and the downstream portion 110e of the substrate 110 common to the upstream portion lOd of the substrate 110 and the upstream.
- 18 and 19 show the cross section of the optical element coupling structure 101 in the first grooved portion 178a and the intermediate portion 180a of the downstream holding block 174, respectively.
- One example of a method for manufacturing the optical element coupling structure 170 according to the third embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention is the optical element coupling structure 101 according to the first embodiment of the second aspect.
- the upstream press block 112 and the downstream press block 114 are replaced with an upstream press block 172 and a downstream press block 174, respectively, and after forming a groove 108 having a V-shaped cross section,
- the method is the same as the method of manufacturing the optical element coupling structure 101 according to the first embodiment of the second embodiment except that a step of forming the upper surface 182 of the substrate 110 is added, and thus the description thereof is omitted. .
- optical element coupling structure 101 according to the second embodiment of the present invention described above and the optical element coupling structure 150 according to the second embodiment of the second embodiment are implemented.
- An example and a comparative example of the conventional optical element coupling structure 200 will be described.
- These three optical element coupling structures [diameter force of optical fiber 102, 104, 202, 204 125 m, opposing surface 136 of holding block 112, 114, 152, 154, 212, 214 and substrate 110, 210
- the distance force between the upper surface 122 and the upper surface 122 was 30 / ⁇ , and the length of the presser blocks 112, 114, 152, 154, 212 and 214 in the longitudinal direction was 1350 / zm.
- the adhesive 116 used was a UV-curable epoxy resin “WR8774” (viscosity 30,000 mPa-s, bullet rate 14 ⁇ 2.5 GPa, linear expansion coefficient 62 ppm / ° C) manufactured by Kyoritsu Chemical.
- the first contact portion 130a has a longitudinal length of 300 m (2.4 times the diameter of the optical fiber), and the intermediate portion 132a has a longitudinal length of 750 / zm (light 6 times the diameter of the fiber).
- the longitudinal length of the first contact portion 130a is 110 / zm (0.89 times the diameter of the optical fiber), and the longitudinal length of the intermediate portion 132a is 200 / zm ( 1.6 times the diameter of the optical fiber).
- the total length of 1350 m corresponds to the first contact portion, and there is no intermediate portion.
- the holding blocks 112, 114, 152, 154, 212, and 214 are connected to optical fiber 102, 104, 202,
- the coupling loss at + 25 ° C is 0-0.04 dB for the optical element coupling structure 101, and 0.13-0.0 dB for the optical element coupling structure 150. It was 47 dB, and the optical element coupling structure 200 was 0.77-1.05 dB (see FIG. 28).
- the coupling loss when an adhesive having a relatively high viscosity was used was able to be improved as compared with the optical element coupling structure of the related art.
- the temperature ranged from 40 ° C to + 85 ° C.
- the change in coupling loss when changing is 0.26 dB.
- the coupling loss when the temperature changes from 40 ° C to + 85 ° C fluctuates around the coupling loss at + 25 ° C. 17 dB
- the optical element coupling structure 150 is 0.26 to 0.60 dB
- the optical element coupling structure 200 is 0.90 to 1.18.
- the coupling loss when the temperature changes from ⁇ 40 ° C. to + 85 ° C. should be 0.6 dB or less, or 0.4 dB or less. Can be.
- FIG. 20 is a schematic view of a cross section of an embodiment of the optical element coupling structure 101 according to the present invention, which is cut in a lateral direction with respect to a longitudinal direction at a contact portion 130a of the holding block 112, when viewed with a metallurgical microscope.
- FIG. 21 is a schematic view of a cross section of a comparative example of the optical element coupling structure 200 of the related art, which is cut in a lateral direction with respect to the longitudinal direction in the holding block 212, when viewed with a metallurgical microscope.
- the gap between the optical fiber 102 and the groove 108 is almost 0 ⁇ m, and the optical fiber 102 and the groove And were in substantial contact, with no adhesive 116 present in the gap between them.
- the adhesive 216 remained in the gap of 0.5 to 0.1 O / z m between the optical fiber 202 and the groove 208.
- FIG. 22 shows the thickness of the adhesive 144 at + 25 ° C. in the above-described example of the optical element coupling structure 101 according to the first embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, that is, the opposition.
- Surface 136 and base FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a relationship between a distance between the upper surface 122 of the plate 110 and a coupling loss.
- the adhesive thickness was 20 to 40 m
- the coupling loss could be reduced to 0.5 dB or less.
- the thickness of the adhesive was smaller, the stress applied to the optical fibers 102 and 104 increased, and the coupling loss increased accordingly.
- the thickness of the adhesive was larger, the adhesive strength of the optical fibers 102 and 104 was reduced, and the coupling loss was increased accordingly.
- FIG. 23 shows that the temperature was changed over the range of 40 ° C-+ 85 ° C in the same embodiment as in Fig. 22.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a relationship between the thickness of the adhesive and the change in coupling loss when the bonding is performed. As can be seen from Fig. 23, when the adhesive thickness was 10-30 / zm, the coupling loss fluctuation could be reduced to 0.3dB or less. When the thickness of the adhesive was larger, the adhesive strength of the optical fiber decreased, and the coupling loss fluctuation increased accordingly.
- Fig. 24 shows the adhesive thickness and the coupling loss fluctuation when the pleated pressure tacker test (test conditions: 121 ° C, 100% RH, 2atm, 100 hours holding) was performed in the same example as in Fig. 22.
- FIG. 24 when the thickness of the adhesive was greater than 30 m, the adhesive strength of the optical fiber was reduced, and the coupling loss fluctuation was increased accordingly.
- the vertical axis of the figure is defined with the case where the coupling loss increases after the pre-shaker tucker test taken as positive.
- FIG. 25 is a diagram showing a change in coupling loss when a high-temperature and high-humidity test of 85 ° C. and 85% RH was performed in the same example as in FIG. 22 with the adhesive thickness set to 20 m. As can be seen from Figure 24, the coupling loss variation was within ⁇ 0.2 dB over 5000 hours. Note that Fig. 25 defines the vertical axis as negative when the coupling loss increases after the high-temperature and high-humidity test.
- the structure of the optical fiber according to the present invention may be an optical fiber-array.
- an optical element coupling structure in which an optical fiber array and an optical waveguide are connected by an adhesive may be used.
- the optical element coupling structures 101, 150, and 170 include two upstream optical fibers 102 and one downstream optical fiber 104.
- the number of the upstream optical fibers 102 and the number of the downstream optical fibers 104 are arbitrary.
- the number of the upstream optical fibers 102 is set to one
- the number of the downstream optical fibers 104 is set to a plurality
- the optical waveguide 106 has a structure corresponding thereto. It may be formed as.
- the contact surfaces 134 of the presser blocks 112, 114, 152, 154, 172, and 174 are curved S, and Although Ryokutsu J had a facing surface 136 facing the upper surface 122 of the substrate 110, the holding blocks 112, 114, 152, 154, 172, 174 contacted with the Ritsuko Fino-I 102, 104 and invaded them.
- the shape of the contact surface 134 and the facing surface 136 is arbitrary as long as the contact surface 134 and the opposing surface 136 can be pressed against the substrate 110.
- the contact surface 134 and the opposing surface 136 may form one flat or curved surface, or the step between the contact surface 134 and the opposing surface 136 may be stepped.
- the lower surface 138 of the intermediate portion 132a-132d of the presser blocks 112, 114, 152, 154 is flat, but the light
- the lower surface 138 may have any shape as long as it is spaced from the fibers 102 and 104. For example, it may be curved so as to surround the optical fibers 102 and 104, or the both ends in the horizontal direction of the lower surface 138 may be continuous with the opposing surface 136 of the adjacent contact portions 130a to 130e. .
- the upper surface 182 of the intermediate portion 180a of the substrate 110 is a flat surface
- the upper surface 182 is separated from the optical fibers 102 and 104 by a distance.
- the shape of 182 is arbitrary. For example, it may be curved so as to surround the optical fibers 102 and 104, or the both lateral ends of the upper surface 182 may be continuous with the upper surfaces 122 of the adjacent grooved portions 180a and 180b! Good! / ,.
- the holding blocks 112, 114 of the first and second embodiments according to the second aspect of the present invention are arbitrary.
- at least two contact portions are provided.
- the holding blocks 112, 114, 152 and 154 are stably fixed to the substrate 110, and the stress applied to the optical fibers 102 and 104 by the adhesive 116 due to a temperature change is reduced. be able to.
- the contact portions 130a-130e do not need to be provided at both longitudinal ends of the holding blocks 112, 114, 152, and 154.
- the intermediate portions 132a-132d have longitudinal ends of the holding blocks 112, 114, 152, and 154. May be provided.
- the length in the longitudinal direction of the contact portions 130a to 130e is arbitrary as long as a predetermined coupling loss is satisfied.
- the contact portion 130a provided closest to the end faces 102a, 104a of the optical fibers 102, 104 of the first and second embodiments according to the second aspect of the present invention is the same as that of the optical fibers 102, 104. It is preferable to be closer to the end faces 102a and 104a. As long as the predetermined coupling loss is satisfied, the contact portion 130a may be provided at a position distant from the end faces 102a, 104a of the optical fibers 102, 104 as in the embodiment according to the second side described above. good.
- FIG. 1 is a partially sectional front view of an optical element coupling structure according to a first embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line ⁇ - ⁇ of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is a partially sectional front view of an optical element coupling structure according to a second embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 3.
- FIG. 5 is a partially sectional front view of an optical element coupling structure according to a third embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a partially sectional front view of an optical element coupling structure according to a fourth embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a front view of a conventional optical element coupling structure.
- FIG. 8 is a front sectional view of a conventional optical element coupling structure.
- FIG. 9 is a front view in which an optical element coupling structure according to a first embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention is partially sectioned.
- FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line XX in FIG. 9.
- FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along line XI-XI in FIG. 9.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along a line X-XII in FIG. 9.
- FIG. 13 is a sectional view taken along line ⁇ in FIG. 9.
- FIG. 14 is a front view in which an optical element coupling structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention is partially sectioned.
- FIG. 15 is a front view in which an optical element coupling structure according to a third embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention is partially sectioned.
- FIG. 16 is a sectional view taken along line XVI-XVI in FIG.
- FIG. 17 is a sectional view taken along line XVII-XVII in FIG. 15.
- FIG. 18 is a sectional view taken along line XVIII-XVIII in FIG.
- FIG. 19 is a sectional view taken along line XIX—XIX in FIG.
- FIG. 20 Schematic view of a cross section of an example of the optical element coupling structure according to the first embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, which is cut in a lateral direction at a contact portion of the holding block, when viewed with a microscope. It is.
- FIG. 21 is a schematic view of a cross section of a comparative example of the optical element coupling structure of the related art, which is cut in a lateral direction in the holding block, when viewed with a microscope.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing an experimental example of the relationship between the adhesive thickness and the coupling loss.
- Fig. 23 is a diagram illustrating an experimental example of a relationship between an adhesive thickness and a coupling loss variation.
- Fig. 24 is a diagram showing an experimental example of the relationship between the adhesive thickness and the coupling loss fluctuation when performing the pretschacher test.
- FIG. 25 is a diagram showing an experimental example of coupling loss fluctuation when a high-temperature and high-humidity test was performed.
- FIG. 26 is a front view partially showing a cross section of a conventional optical element coupling structure.
- FIG. 27 is a sectional view taken along line XXVII-XXVII in FIG. 26.
- FIG. 29 is a diagram showing the relationship between the viscosity of the adhesive and the change in the measured value of the bonding loss when the ambient temperature changes from 40 ° C. to + 85 ° C.
- FIG. 30 is a diagram showing the relationship between the elastic modulus and viscosity of an adhesive.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
- Mechanical Coupling Of Light Guides (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
TW094106748A TW200532274A (en) | 2004-03-31 | 2005-03-04 | Optical element bonded structure and optical fibre structural body |
JP2006516880A JP4048564B2 (ja) | 2004-03-31 | 2005-03-04 | 光素子結合構造体及び光ファイバー構造体 |
US11/529,490 US7492995B2 (en) | 2004-03-31 | 2006-09-29 | Optical element combination structure and optical fiber structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004102853 | 2004-03-31 | ||
JP2004-102853 | 2004-03-31 | ||
JP2004-170095 | 2004-06-08 | ||
JP2004170095 | 2004-06-08 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/529,490 Continuation US7492995B2 (en) | 2004-03-31 | 2006-09-29 | Optical element combination structure and optical fiber structure |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005098497A1 true WO2005098497A1 (ja) | 2005-10-20 |
Family
ID=35125217
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2005/003750 WO2005098497A1 (ja) | 2004-03-31 | 2005-03-04 | 光素子結合構造体及び光ファイバー構造体 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7492995B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4048564B2 (ja) |
KR (2) | KR20070001202A (ja) |
TW (1) | TW200532274A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005098497A1 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007279576A (ja) * | 2006-04-11 | 2007-10-25 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 光コネクタ及びその製造方法 |
JP2010286734A (ja) * | 2009-06-12 | 2010-12-24 | Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd | 光導波路接合体 |
JP2011002709A (ja) * | 2009-06-19 | 2011-01-06 | Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd | 光導波路接合体製造用治具および光導波路接合体の製造方法 |
CN104238016A (zh) * | 2014-05-19 | 2014-12-24 | 深圳朗光科技有限公司 | 一种光纤耦合器及其制备方法和封装失效的检测方法 |
Families Citing this family (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8971679B2 (en) | 2002-08-28 | 2015-03-03 | Optonet Inc. | Apparatus and method for passive alignment of optical devices |
US20080258318A1 (en) * | 2007-04-20 | 2008-10-23 | Nec Electronics Corporation | Semiconductor device |
KR101383614B1 (ko) * | 2007-10-22 | 2014-04-11 | 다우 글로벌 테크놀로지스 엘엘씨 | 중합체 조성물 및 제품의 성형방법 |
TWI409514B (zh) * | 2009-01-20 | 2013-09-21 | Parry Lin | 楔子式之機械式光纖接續子 |
JP5372665B2 (ja) * | 2009-08-31 | 2013-12-18 | 株式会社日立メディアエレクトロニクス | 光硬化型接着剤、光ピックアップ装置及びその製造方法 |
US8724937B2 (en) * | 2011-12-20 | 2014-05-13 | International Business Machines Corporation | Fiber to wafer interface |
US10101541B2 (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2018-10-16 | Fujikura Ltd. | Optical ferrule and optical connector |
US8534927B1 (en) | 2012-03-23 | 2013-09-17 | International Business Machines Corporation | Flexible fiber to wafer interface |
US9243784B2 (en) | 2012-12-20 | 2016-01-26 | International Business Machines Corporation | Semiconductor photonic package |
US9400356B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2016-07-26 | International Business Machines Corporation | Fiber pigtail with integrated lid |
US8923665B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-12-30 | International Business Machines Corporation | Material structures for front-end of the line integration of optical polarization splitters and rotators |
US9488785B2 (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2016-11-08 | Effect Photonics B.V. | Optical subassembly, optical system and method |
JPWO2016063786A1 (ja) * | 2014-10-22 | 2017-06-22 | 株式会社フジクラ | 光導波路と光ファイバとの接続方法、半導体光デバイス、および光ファイバが接続された半導体光デバイスの製造方法 |
CN107300741A (zh) * | 2017-08-22 | 2017-10-27 | 华进半导体封装先导技术研发中心有限公司 | 一种边耦合光器件与光纤的直接光耦合结构 |
SG10201900243RA (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2019-08-27 | Rain Tree Photonics Pte Ltd | Photonics packaging method |
WO2021199678A1 (ja) * | 2020-03-31 | 2021-10-07 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | 支持部材、波長合成モジュール、および発光装置 |
JP7521458B2 (ja) * | 2021-03-04 | 2024-07-24 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 光コネクタケーブル |
US11754780B2 (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2023-09-12 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd. | Semiconductor package and manufacturing method thereof |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH09269434A (ja) * | 1996-04-01 | 1997-10-14 | Hitachi Ltd | 光ファイバモジュール |
JP2000151556A (ja) * | 1998-11-06 | 2000-05-30 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | マルチユーザ受信機 |
WO2002023239A1 (fr) * | 2000-09-04 | 2002-03-21 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd | Réseau de fibres optiques et procédé de production |
JP2004062064A (ja) * | 2002-07-31 | 2004-02-26 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 光導波路モジュールおよび光導波路基板製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2771167B2 (ja) | 1987-11-11 | 1998-07-02 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 光集積回路の実装方法 |
JPH0792342A (ja) * | 1993-07-29 | 1995-04-07 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 光導波路モジュール |
KR100265789B1 (ko) | 1997-07-03 | 2000-09-15 | 윤종용 | 광섬유수동정렬방법 |
JP3107155B2 (ja) | 1997-12-26 | 2000-11-06 | 日本電気株式会社 | 半導体レーザモジュール |
JP3631622B2 (ja) | 1998-09-29 | 2005-03-23 | 京セラ株式会社 | 光導波路と光ファイバとの接続構造および接続方法 |
JP2000131556A (ja) * | 1998-10-28 | 2000-05-12 | Kyocera Corp | 光導波路と光ファイバとの接続構造および接続方法 |
US6529670B1 (en) * | 1999-07-08 | 2003-03-04 | The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. | Optical fiber array and optical light-wave device, and connecting the same |
JP2001281479A (ja) | 2000-03-29 | 2001-10-10 | Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd | 高分子光導波路素子およびその製造方法 |
KR20030037285A (ko) * | 2001-11-01 | 2003-05-14 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 응력 집중을 최소화한 광섬유 블럭용 글래스 커버 및 이를채용한 접합 장치 |
US6757471B2 (en) | 2001-11-01 | 2004-06-29 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Optical fiber block assembly for minimizing stress concentration and contacting device therewith |
JP2003322744A (ja) | 2002-04-30 | 2003-11-14 | Fujikura Ltd | 光ファイバアレイ |
WO2005052663A1 (ja) * | 2003-11-28 | 2005-06-09 | Hitachi Chemical Company, Ltd. | 光素子結合構造体 |
-
2005
- 2005-03-04 WO PCT/JP2005/003750 patent/WO2005098497A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2005-03-04 TW TW094106748A patent/TW200532274A/zh unknown
- 2005-03-04 KR KR1020067020001A patent/KR20070001202A/ko active Search and Examination
- 2005-03-04 KR KR1020087021503A patent/KR100936549B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-03-04 JP JP2006516880A patent/JP4048564B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2006
- 2006-09-29 US US11/529,490 patent/US7492995B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH09269434A (ja) * | 1996-04-01 | 1997-10-14 | Hitachi Ltd | 光ファイバモジュール |
JP2000151556A (ja) * | 1998-11-06 | 2000-05-30 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | マルチユーザ受信機 |
WO2002023239A1 (fr) * | 2000-09-04 | 2002-03-21 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd | Réseau de fibres optiques et procédé de production |
JP2004062064A (ja) * | 2002-07-31 | 2004-02-26 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 光導波路モジュールおよび光導波路基板製造方法 |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007279576A (ja) * | 2006-04-11 | 2007-10-25 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 光コネクタ及びその製造方法 |
JP4692365B2 (ja) * | 2006-04-11 | 2011-06-01 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 光コネクタの製造方法 |
JP2010286734A (ja) * | 2009-06-12 | 2010-12-24 | Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd | 光導波路接合体 |
JP2011002709A (ja) * | 2009-06-19 | 2011-01-06 | Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd | 光導波路接合体製造用治具および光導波路接合体の製造方法 |
CN104238016A (zh) * | 2014-05-19 | 2014-12-24 | 深圳朗光科技有限公司 | 一种光纤耦合器及其制备方法和封装失效的检测方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP4048564B2 (ja) | 2008-02-20 |
KR20070001202A (ko) | 2007-01-03 |
US20070025663A1 (en) | 2007-02-01 |
KR100936549B1 (ko) | 2010-01-12 |
JPWO2005098497A1 (ja) | 2007-08-16 |
US7492995B2 (en) | 2009-02-17 |
TW200532274A (en) | 2005-10-01 |
KR20080083369A (ko) | 2008-09-17 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2005098497A1 (ja) | 光素子結合構造体及び光ファイバー構造体 | |
US20020196998A1 (en) | Optical assembly for coupling with integrated optical devices and method for making | |
JP2007147982A (ja) | 光ファイバアレイおよびその製造方法 | |
EP3534195A1 (en) | Optical fibre array with high reliability | |
US7583877B2 (en) | Optical fiber, optical fiber connection structure and optical connector | |
KR100655025B1 (ko) | 폴리머 광도파로 | |
JP2000131556A (ja) | 光導波路と光ファイバとの接続構造および接続方法 | |
JP5462080B2 (ja) | 光ファイバコネクタ | |
US7620278B2 (en) | Optical waveguide device | |
JP2008003637A (ja) | 光素子結合構造体及び光ファイバー構造体 | |
JP4872551B2 (ja) | メカニカルスプライス | |
JP3440090B1 (ja) | 光通信部品、積層型光通信モジュール、およびその製造方法 | |
WO2005052663A1 (ja) | 光素子結合構造体 | |
WO2019176561A1 (ja) | ファイバモジュール | |
JP5498175B2 (ja) | 光結合装置 | |
JP4406927B2 (ja) | パッケージ、光導波路基板搭載パッケージ及び光導波路パッケージ | |
JP4554067B2 (ja) | 光部品とその製造方法 | |
WO2022038763A1 (ja) | 光モジュール | |
TWI229754B (en) | Optical filter module and method of manufacturing same | |
JP3446953B2 (ja) | 光ファイバアレイ部品とその製造方法および光ファイバアレイ部品を用いた光ファイバと光導波路との接続方法および光ファイバアレイ部品を用いた光モジュール | |
JP5412235B2 (ja) | 光ファイバ用フェルール、光導波路と光ファイバとの接続方法 | |
JP2005010200A (ja) | 光学部品、製品及び光学部品の製造方法、並びに接着材料 | |
US10422950B2 (en) | Laminated glass bend optical interconnection apparatus and methods | |
KR100393622B1 (ko) | 평면 도파로 소자 모듈 | |
JPH11202155A (ja) | 光ファイバコネクタ |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2006516880 Country of ref document: JP |
|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BW BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NA NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SM SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): BW GH GM KE LS MW MZ NA SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1020067020001 Country of ref document: KR |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 11529490 Country of ref document: US Ref document number: 200580010269.7 Country of ref document: CN |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWW | Wipo information: withdrawn in national office |
Country of ref document: DE |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1020067020001 Country of ref document: KR |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 11529490 Country of ref document: US |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |