WO2005091483A1 - Dc−dcコンバータ - Google Patents
Dc−dcコンバータ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005091483A1 WO2005091483A1 PCT/JP2005/004824 JP2005004824W WO2005091483A1 WO 2005091483 A1 WO2005091483 A1 WO 2005091483A1 JP 2005004824 W JP2005004824 W JP 2005004824W WO 2005091483 A1 WO2005091483 A1 WO 2005091483A1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/337—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in push-pull configuration
- H02M3/3376—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in push-pull configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
- H02M3/33523—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/30—The power source being a fuel cell
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
- H02M1/0012—Control circuits using digital or numerical techniques
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
- H02M1/0077—Plural converter units whose outputs are connected in series
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/05—Capacitor coupled rectifiers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a DC-DC converter, and in particular, to an isolated DC-DC converter for a distributed power supply that converts power from a distributed DC power supply to power having a medium power capacity, and the DC-DC converter.
- the present invention relates to a grid-connected inverter using the same.
- a distributed DC power supply for example, a distributed power supply system that converts electric power from a household fuel cell, a solar power generation system or a wind power generation system into electric power having a medium power capacity (0.3KW-10KW) is an inverter or the like.
- this power converter there is a demand for insulation between the input (primary side) and the system (secondary side). Even when a high-frequency insulation type converter is used in such a power converter, there is a problem that efficiency is deteriorated as compared with a non-insulation type converter.
- a power supply such as a fuel cell is inevitably operated at an output less than the rated output, so that not only the efficiency at the rated output as described above is improved but also a small output of 50% or less of the rated output. It is an important issue to improve the efficiency at the time of low power operation of electric power. Disclosure of the invention
- An object of the present invention is to provide a highly efficient DC-DC converter.
- a low-voltage DC power supply whose output voltage fluctuates, a voltage resonance circuit that receives DC power, converts the DC-AC by zero-voltage switching, and outputs a high-frequency voltage;
- An insulating high-frequency transformer having a primary side and a secondary side, into which the output voltage from the voltage resonance circuit is inputted,
- a current resonance circuit connected to the secondary side of the transformer
- a rectifier circuit for rectifying an output current output from the current resonance circuit
- a smoothing circuit for smoothing an output current from the rectifier circuit
- a DC-DC converter comprising: [0006] According to the present invention,
- a first voltage resonance circuit that receives DC power from a low-voltage DC power supply whose output voltage fluctuates, performs DC-AC conversion, and outputs the converted voltage;
- a first insulated high-frequency transformer having a primary side and a secondary side, into which an output voltage from the first voltage resonance circuit is input;
- a first current resonance circuit connected to a secondary side of the first transformer
- a first rectifier circuit for rectifying an output current output from the first current resonance circuit; a first smoothing circuit for smoothing an output voltage from the first rectifier circuit; and the output voltage fluctuates.
- a low-voltage DC power supply a second voltage resonance circuit that receives DC power, converts it into DC-AC, and outputs it;
- a second insulated high-frequency transformer having a primary side and a secondary side, into which an output voltage from the second voltage resonance circuit is input;
- a second current resonance circuit connected to the secondary side of the second transformer
- a second rectifier circuit for rectifying an output current output from the second current resonance circuit, a second smoothing circuit for smoothing an output voltage from the second rectifier circuit, the first and second A pulse width modulation circuit for pulse width modulating the output voltage from the rectifier circuit of
- a smoothing circuit for smoothing an output voltage from the pulse width modulation circuit for smoothing an output voltage from the pulse width modulation circuit
- a DC-DC converter comprising:
- a voltage resonance circuit that receives DC power from a low-voltage DC power supply whose output voltage fluctuates, performs DC-AC conversion, and outputs the converted voltage;
- An insulating high-frequency transformer having a primary side and a secondary side, into which an output voltage from the first voltage resonance circuit is input, and
- First and second current resonance circuits connected to the secondary side of the first transformer, and first and second current rectifiers for rectifying output currents output from the first and second current resonance circuits.
- a pulse width modulation circuit that performs pulse width modulation on output voltages from the first and second rectifier circuits
- a voltage resonance circuit that receives DC power from a low-voltage DC power supply whose output voltage fluctuates, performs DC-AC conversion, and outputs the converted voltage;
- First and second insulated high-frequency transformers having a primary side and a secondary side, into which the output voltage from the first voltage resonance circuit is input;
- First and second current resonance circuits respectively connected to the secondary sides of the first and second transformers
- First and second rectifier circuits for rectifying output currents output from the first and second current resonance circuits
- First and second smoothing circuits for smoothing output voltages from the first and second rectifier circuits, respectively;
- a pulse width modulation circuit that performs pulse width modulation on output voltages from the first and second rectifier circuits
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram schematically showing a distributed power supply system to which an interconnection inverter including a converter unit and an inverter unit according to the present invention is applied.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration of a DC-DC converter unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3A is a waveform diagram schematically showing an output on the secondary side of a DC-DC converter.
- FIG. 3B is a waveform diagram schematically showing an output on the secondary side of the DC-DC converter.
- FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing one example of the voltage resonance circuit shown in FIG. 2.
- FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing another example of the voltage resonance circuit shown in FIG. 2.
- FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing still another example of the voltage resonance circuit shown in FIG. 2.
- FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit example of the current resonance circuit shown in FIG. 2.
- FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram showing another example of the current resonance circuit shown in FIG. 2.
- FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit example according to the combination of FIGS. 4 and 7.
- FIG. 10 is a control block diagram showing functions of an MCU of the DC-DC converter shown in FIG.
- FIG. 11 (A) to (H) of FIG. 11 are waveform diagrams showing waveforms of respective components in the rated output mode of the DC-DC converter shown in FIG.
- FIG. 12 (A) and (B) are waveform diagrams showing voltage and current waveforms on the secondary side of the high frequency transformer shown in FIG. 9 in the rated output mode.
- FIG. 13 (A)-(M) are waveform diagrams showing waveforms of respective parts in the small output mode of the DC-DC converter shown in FIG. 9.
- FIG. 14 (A)-(M) are waveform diagrams showing waveforms of respective parts in the no-load mode of the DC-DC converter shown in FIG.
- FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing a circuit in which the converter unit shown in FIG. 1 is configured by two DC-DC converter units.
- FIG. 16 are waveform diagrams showing waveforms of respective parts in the circuit shown in FIG.
- FIG. 17 is a graph showing a change in output voltage Vout in the circuit shown in FIG.
- FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing a modification of the circuit shown in FIG.
- FIG. 19 is a block diagram showing a modification of the circuit shown in FIG.
- FIG. 1 shows converter unit 10 (DC-DC converter) and DC unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a distributed power source to which the interconnected inverter 2 consisting of an inverter unit 20 that performs AC conversion is applied Show the schematic configuration of System 1!
- a DC power supply 3 having a fluctuation in output for example, an output (DC power) from a fuel cell, a solar cell, or wind power is connected to an interconnection inverter as a power conditioner.
- the DC power is input and converted by the converter in the interconnected inverter.
- the converted DC output is converted into an AC output and a relatively small output (for example, 0.3 kW to several tens of kW) by the inverter 20.
- the load is output as a commercial voltage (system voltage) to a load, for example, to a domestic load.
- the commercial voltage (system voltage) is equivalent to 101V or 202V (in the case of single-phase three-wire connection) in Japan, and is equivalent to 115V or 230V in the United States.
- the input voltage of 80V or less, currently 20V-60V is input to the converter unit 10, and the output voltage Vout is the highest when there is no load, and the load is large. It has the characteristic that the voltage decreases by about 25% to 30% as much as possible.
- a single solar cell module outputs a voltage of 17 to 21 V, and the system outputs 170 V to 350 V. Its output voltage Vout is varied in the range of 120V-450V.
- the output fluctuates in the range of 30V to 50V when the power blade generating an output voltage Vout of about 50V is rotating.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration of converter section 10 according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- the converter unit 10 is a high frequency insulation type DC-DC converter, and is disposed between the high frequency transformer 12, the DC power supply 3 shown in FIG. It includes a voltage resonance circuit 11 for outputting a voltage, a current resonance circuit 13 arranged on the secondary side of the high-frequency transformer 12, and a rectification circuit 14 for rectifying an output current from the current resonance circuit 13.
- the converter unit 10 further includes a switching control unit 17 that controls the voltage resonance circuit 11 according to the output voltage Vout from the rectifier circuit 14.
- the DC-DC converter shown in Fig. 2 differs from the DC-DC converter applied to ordinary high-voltage power supplies in that the voltage resonance circuit 11 is placed on the primary side and the current resonance circuit 13 outputs a high voltage. Located on the secondary side. As will be explained later, this DC-DC converter Then, the DC-DC converter outputs a substantially constant voltage, for example, 400V force S as a target voltage.
- a current resonance circuit and a voltage resonance circuit are arranged on the primary side of the high-frequency transformer 12.
- the DC-DC converter section 10 shown in FIG. 2 is applied to the power supply 3 having a relatively low voltage, so that a current resonance circuit is arranged on the primary side of the high-frequency transformer 12 as in a normal DC-DC converter.
- the voltage resonance circuit 11 is arranged on the primary side of the high-frequency transformer 12, and the current resonance circuit 13 is arranged on the secondary side of the high-frequency transformer 12 for outputting a high voltage.
- the DC-DC converter section 10 is connected to a grid-connected inverter unit with a normal system of 200 V, and a voltage of about 370 V is supplied from the secondary side of the high-frequency transformer 12. Is output.
- the voltage resonance circuit 11 arranged on the primary side includes a switching element such as an FET (field effect transistor) or an IGBT (insulated gate / bipolar transistor), and is provided between a source and a drain of the switching element (in the case of an IGBT).
- a capacitor is connected between the emitter and the collector), and the voltage resonance circuit 11 is configured to perform voltage resonance.
- the current resonance circuit 13 arranged on the secondary side is configured to perform current resonance by series resonance.
- the operating frequency of the switching element is increased in order to keep the output voltage (high-frequency voltage) Vout substantially constant.
- the impedance of the current resonance circuit increases. That is, in the current resonance circuit, the output becomes the largest at the resonance frequency, and the frequency increases as the output becomes smaller.
- FIGS. 3A and 3B show the switching loss in the voltage resonance circuit.
- Figure 3A shows the current and voltage waveforms on the secondary side of the high-frequency transformer in the rated output mode in which the output from the voltage resonance circuit is large
- Figure 3B shows the high-frequency transformer in the small output mode in which the output from the voltage resonance circuit is small. Current and voltage waveforms on the secondary side of Is shown.
- the switching element In the rated output mode in which the output of the power supply is sufficiently large, the switching element is operated at a predetermined operating frequency to change the output current by a sine wave as shown in FIG.
- the DC-DC converter by changing the operating frequency of the current resonance circuit 13 and controlling the energy conversion of the DC-DC converter, the voltage in the voltage resonance circuit 11 is phase-modulated, and the resonance is performed. While achieving high efficiency and zero voltage switching (ZVS).
- ZVS zero voltage switching
- the operating point of the secondary-side current resonance circuit 13 moves, the power increases when the frequency decreases, and the power decreases when the frequency increases. It uses the property that the amount of transmitted energy changes. Therefore, a highly efficient DC-DC converter can be realized.
- FIGS. 4 to 6 A circuit example of the voltage resonance circuit 11 will be described with reference to FIGS.
- the storage capacitor C1 is used for each circuit in which an electrolytic capacitor is normally used. Therefore, the description is omitted.
- the case where an FET is used as a switching element will be described.
- FIG. 4 shows a first circuit example in which the voltage resonance circuit 11 is configured by a full bridge circuit.
- switching element Q1 and switching element Q2 are connected in series, and switching element Q3 and switching element Q4 are connected in series.
- the capacitors C2 to C5 are connected in parallel between the source and the drain of the switching elements Q1 to Q4, respectively.
- a series circuit of switching elements Ql and Q2 and a series circuit of switching elements Q3 and Q4 are respectively connected in parallel to a DC power supply on the input side so as to form a full bridge circuit. That is, the drains of the switching elements Ql and Q3 are connected to the positive side of the power supply, and the sources of the switching elements Q2 and Q4 are connected to the negative side of the power supply.
- connection between the switching element Q1 and the switching element Q2 is connected to one end of the transformer T1 on the output side, and the connection between the switching element Q3 and the switching element Q4 is connected to the other end of the transformer T1. I have.
- the full bridge circuit shown in FIG. 4 is provided with a switching control unit 17 for turning on / off the switching elements Q1 to Q4 at a predetermined timing.
- the switching control unit 17 includes drivers DR1 and DR2, an MCU (micro control unit) 18, and an interface IF.
- the output voltage Vout of the DC-DC converter circuit 10 is detected and supplied to the MCU 18 via the detection signal interface IF, for example, an isolation amplifier.
- Control signals for control and phase control are output to the drivers DR1 and DR2.
- Drivers DR1 and DR2 supply control signals to the gates of switching elements Q1 to Q4 as feedback signals, and control switching elements Q1 to Q4.
- a series connection of switching elements Ql and Q2, a series connection of switching elements Q3 and Q4, and a series connection of capacitors C10 and C11 are connected in parallel.
- One end of the choke coil LC is connected to the connection point of the capacitors C10 and C11, and the other end of the choke coil LC is connected to the middle point of the coil on the primary side of the transformer T1. It is.
- a circuit including the capacitors C10 and C11 and the choke coil LC is referred to as a “commutation circuit”.
- the commutation circuit is provided to improve the efficiency at the time of small output of several percent to 30% of the rated output, and at the time of small output, the voltage resonance is maintained by the commutation circuit.
- a resonance circuit that is, for example, a resonance circuit formed by the transistor Q1 and the capacitor C2. Since resonance cannot be maintained, resonance is maintained by the choke coil LC and the capacitors Cl, C2, C3, C4, and C5.
- the power that reduces the current flowing through the transformer when the power decreases This resonance is maintained by supplementing this current with the current of the choke coil LC force.
- FIG. 5 shows a second circuit example in which the voltage resonance circuit 11 is configured by a half-bridge circuit.
- the same circuit components and portions as those in FIG. 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- switching element Q1 and switching element Q2 are connected in series, and capacitors C2 and C3 are connected in parallel between switching element Q1 and switching element Q2, respectively, between the source and drain of the switching element. It is connected to the. Also, capacitors C6 and C7 connected in series are connected in parallel to the series circuit of switching elements Q1 and Q2 to form a half bridge circuit! /
- connection between switching element Q1 and switching element Q2 is connected to one end of transformer T1, and the connection between capacitor C6 and capacitor C7 is connected to the other end of transformer T1.
- the half bridge circuit shown in FIG. 5 is provided with a driver DR1 for turning on and off the switching elements Ql and Q2 at a predetermined timing.
- DC—Output voltage Vout of DC converter circuit 10 is detected and this signal is sent to MCU18 via interface IF.
- the MCU 18 outputs a control signal for frequency control to the driver DR1.
- a control signal is supplied from the driver DR1 to the gates of the switching elements Ql and Q2 as a feedback signal, and the switching elements Ql and Q2 are controlled.
- FIG. 6 shows a third circuit example in which the push-pull type voltage resonance circuit 11 is configured.
- FIG. 6 shows a push-pull type voltage resonance circuit. 6, the same circuit components and portions as those in FIG. 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the drain of switching element Q1 is connected to one end of transformer T1
- the drain of switching element Q2 is connected to the other end of transformer T1
- the sources of switching elements Q1 and Q2 are connected to a DC power supply. Is connected to the minus side of The positive side of the DC power supply is connected to an intermediate portion between one end and the other end of the transformer T1.
- the push-pull type voltage resonance circuit 11 shown in FIG. 6 is provided with a driver DR1 for turning on / off the switching elements Ql and Q2 at predetermined timings.
- DC The output voltage Vout of the DC converter circuit 10 is detected, this signal is supplied to the MCU 18 via the interface IF, and a control signal for frequency control is output from the MCU 18 to the driver DR1.
- a control signal is supplied from the driver DR1 to the gates of the switching elements Ql and Q2 as a feedback signal, and the switching elements Ql and Q2 are controlled.
- FIG. 7 shows a fourth circuit example in which the full bridge rectifier circuit 14 and the current resonance circuit 13 are combined.
- the current resonance circuit 13 is configured by connecting an inductor L and a capacitor C8 in series.
- the inductor L is connected to one end of the transformer T1
- the capacitor C8 is connected to the bridge rectifier circuit 14 on the output side.
- the output side of the capacitor C8 is connected to the connection between the series-connected diodes D1 and D2, and the other end of the transformer T1 is connected to the connection between the diodes D3 and D4. I have.
- diodes Dl and D2 are connected in series
- diodes D3 and D4 are connected in series
- a series connection of diodes Dl and D2 and a series connection of D3 and D4 are connected in parallel to form a bridge circuit.
- a smoothing capacitor C9 is connected in parallel with the bridge circuit. Normally, an electrolytic capacitor is used as the smoothing capacitor C9. Capacitors are used.
- the interface IF is connected to the smoothing capacitor C9, and the output voltage signal Vout is output to the interface IF.
- FIG. 8 shows a fifth circuit example in which the boost bridge circuit 14 and the current resonance circuit 13 are combined. 8, the same circuit components and portions as those in FIG. 7 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the inductor L and the capacitor C8 are connected in series, the inductor L is connected to one end of the transformer T1, and the capacitor C8 is connected to the output side, similarly to the circuit shown in FIG. .
- the diode D1 and the diode D2 are connected in series, and the output side of the capacitor C8 is connected to the connection between the diodes D1 and D2 connected in series.
- the other end of the transformer T1 is connected to the anode side of the diode D2, and is connected to one end of the capacitor C9.
- the anode side of diode D2 is connected to one end of capacitor C9, and the power source side of diode D1 is connected to the other end of capacitor C9, and smoothing capacitor C9 is connected in parallel to the series circuit of diodes D1 and D2. It has been done.
- the interface IF of the switching controller 17 is connected to the smoothing capacitor C9, and the output voltage signal Vout is output to the interface IF.
- FIG. 9 shows a circuit configuration of a DC-DC converter in which the full-bridge voltage resonance circuit 11 shown in FIG. 4 is combined with the full-bridge rectification circuit 14 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 10 shows functional blocks for explaining the function of the MCU 18 of the switching control unit 17.
- the output voltage signal Vout from the rectifier circuit 14 is compared with the target voltage Vref.
- the DC-DC converter operates in the no-load mode. If a load is connected to the rectifier circuit 14 and an output voltage that falls within the rated voltage range corresponding to the target voltage Vref is detected, the DC-DC converter 11 is operated in the rated output mode. . Further, when a load is connected to the rectifier circuit 14, but the output voltage signal Vout slightly lower than the rated voltage corresponding to the target voltage Vref is detected, the DC-DC converter is operated in the small output mode. It is.
- the set target voltage Vref and the output voltage signal Vout are compared by the comparator 34.
- a frequency fa larger than the resonance frequency fO of the voltage resonance circuit shown in FIG. 9 is selected from the frequency table 30.
- a phase in which the first and third FETs Q1 and Q3 operate in phase and the second and fourth FETs Q2 and Q4 operate in phase is selected from the phase table 32.
- the pulse generator 35 supplies the first to fourth gate pulses with the selected phase and frequency to the corresponding FETs Q1 to Q4.
- the DC-DC converter is operated such that the primary side of the high-frequency transformer T1 is alternately connected to the positive side and the negative side of the DC voltage source.
- the frequency 1 ⁇ substantially equal to the resonance frequency fO of the voltage resonance circuit shown in FIG.
- the phase in which the first and fourth FETs Q1 and Q4 operate in the same phase and the second and third FETs Q2 and Q3 operate in the same phase is selected from the phase table 32.
- a phase difference of 180 degrees is given to the first and third FETs Q1 and Q3, and a phase difference of 180 degrees is given to the second and fourth FETs Q2 and Q4.
- the pulse generator 35 supplies the first to fourth gate pulses to the corresponding FETs Q1 to Q4 at the selected phase and frequency.
- the DC-DC converter is operated such that both ends of the primary side of the high-frequency transformer T1 are periodically switched and connected to the plus side and the minus side of the DC voltage source.
- the frequency fb larger than the resonance frequency fO of the voltage resonance circuit shown in FIG.
- the first and third FETs Q1 and Q4 have a phase difference between 0 and 180 degrees determined according to the output, and the phase in which the second and fourth FETs Q2 and Q4 are Selected from phase table 32.
- the pulse generator 35 applies the first to fourth gate pulses at the selected phase and frequency to the corresponding FETs Q1 to Q4.
- both ends of the high-frequency transformer T1 on the primary side are periodically switched and connected to the positive side and the negative side of the DC voltage source, and the commutation circuit power also receives energy supply therebetween.
- DC—DC converter is activated.
- the output of the DC-DC converter is suppressed by selecting a higher frequency from the frequency table 30 and shifting the impedance of the current resonance circuit by a resonance point force. Therefore, the frequency selected in the frequency table together with the target voltage
- the external force of MCU18 may be selected.
- the DC power supply 3 is rated for the output voltage (target voltage).
- a control noise signal is applied to driver circuits DR1 and DR2 to operate driver circuits DR1 and DR2.
- the first and fourth gate signals shown in FIG. 11E are switched to a high level and a low level in synchronization with the control pulse signal. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 11A, the FETs Ql and Q4 to which the first and fourth gate pulses have been given are kept off.
- the voltage between the source and the drain of the FETs Q2 and Q3 starts to decrease as shown in FIG. 11 (B) due to the exciting current of the transformer, and as shown in FIG. 11 (A), the FETs Q1 and Q4
- the source-drain voltage of the transistor starts to rise.
- the primary side voltage of the high frequency transformer T1 also starts to rise.
- the second and third gate signals shown in FIG. 11D are applied to the gates of the FETs Q2 and Q3, and the source-drain Is conducted as shown in FIG. 11 (B), the voltage between the source and the drain of the FETs Q2 and Q3 is reduced to zero, and the FETs Q2 and Q3 are maintained in the ON state.
- the source-drain voltages of the FETs Q1 and Q4 that are kept off reach the input voltage as shown in FIG. Therefore As shown in FIG.
- the primary side voltage of the high frequency transformer Tl also reaches a predetermined voltage, current is supplied to FETQ2 and Q3, and the drain current is increased as shown in FIG. 11 (F). You. This current is supplied as an exciting current to the primary side of the high-frequency transformer T1, and as a result, an induced voltage is generated on the secondary side.
- the drain current of the FET Q2 and Q3 gradually increases from zero. Is done.
- a drain current that becomes a half-wave sine wave is generated according to the resonance frequency of the current resonance circuit connected to the secondary side of the high-frequency transformer T1.
- the first and fourth gate signals shown in FIG. 11 (E) are given to the gates of the FETs Q2 and Q3, and the source-drain Is conducted as shown in Fig. 11 (A), and the voltage between the source and drain of FETQ1 and Q4 is reduced to zero.
- FETs Q1 and Q4 are kept on.
- the source-drain voltages of the FETs Q2 and Q4 that are kept off reach the input voltage as shown in FIG. 11 (B). Therefore, as shown in FIG.
- the primary voltage of the high-frequency transformer T1 also reaches a certain voltage on the negative side, and current is supplied from the capacitors Cl, C2, and C3 to the conducting FETs Q2 and Q3, and their drains are supplied.
- the current is increased as shown in FIG. This current is supplied as an exciting current to the primary side of the high-frequency transformer T1, and as a result, an induced voltage is generated on the secondary side.
- time point t5 From time point t5, the same operation as that at time point tl-t4 is repeated again, and an induced voltage is generated on the secondary side of high-frequency transformer T1.
- time points t5, t6, t7, and t8 correspond to time point t, respectively.
- a voltage waveform and a current waveform as shown in FIGS. 12A and 11B are output to the secondary side of the high-frequency transformer T1. That is, a trapezoidal wave voltage appears on the secondary side of the high-frequency transformer T1 as shown in FIG. 12A corresponding to the voltage waveform on the primary side of the high-frequency transformer T1 shown in FIG. A trapezoidal wave voltage appears on the secondary side of the high-frequency transformer T1 as shown in FIG. 12B, corresponding to the current waveform on the primary side of the high-frequency transformer T1 shown in FIG. 11H.
- the first and fourth gate signals applied to the gates of the FETs Q1 and Q4 are generated in phase, and the first and fourth gate signals are applied to the gates of the FETs Q2 and Q3. Since the second and third gate signals are generated in phase, no current is supplied to the commutation circuit composed of the choke coil LC and the capacitors CIO and C11, and the commutation circuit is not substantially operated. .
- the target power supply 3 outputs a rated voltage.
- small output about 30% of the rating.
- the efficiency cannot be extremely reduced because resonance cannot be maintained (that is, soft switching becomes incomplete). Therefore, it is necessary to increase the efficiency in the small output mode, especially in the small output operation of 50% or less of the rated output. Therefore, the control signal is adjusted so that the efficiency can be maintained even in the small output mode.
- the MCU 18 supplies a control signal in the small output mode to the driver, and
- the first to fourth gate signals of higher frequency than in the rated mode are generated as described below.
- the MCU 18 operates the driver circuits DR1 and DR2 so as to give a phase difference to the first and fourth gate signals and to give a phase difference to the second and third gate signals as described below. Let it.
- the DC-DC converter shown in Fig. 9 including the full-bridge circuit described in Fig. 4 maintains the output.
- the operation for this will be described with reference to FIGS. 13 (A) to 13 (M).
- FIG. 9 when the current IL1 flowing through the choke coil LC is a positive current, a current flows from the capacitor C7 to the intermediate tap of the transformer T1, and when the current IL1 is a negative current, the current flows to the capacitor C7. The current also flows through the intermediate tapping force of T1.
- the current IT1 flowing on the primary side of the high-frequency transformer T1 has a plus direction flowing from the primary side of the high-frequency transformer Tl to the connection point of the transistors Ql and Q2, and the primary side of the high-frequency transformer Tl from the connection point of the transistors Ql and Q2.
- the direction flowing from the side is minus.
- the current IT2 flowing on the primary side of the high-frequency transformer T1 has a plus direction in which the primary force of the high-frequency transformer Tl also flows to the connection point of the transistors Q3 and Q4, and from the connection point of the transistors Ql and Q2 to the primary side of the high-frequency transformer Tl.
- the direction of flow is negative.
- the control pulse signal is supplied to driver circuits DR1 and DR2,
- the drivers FETDR1 and DR2 are activated and the transistors Q2 and Q4 are on
- the primary side of the high-frequency transformer T1 is connected to the negative side and the ground potential is It becomes. Therefore, when the capacitor C7 is in a charged state, the current IL1 from the capacitor C7 starts to flow to the primary side of the high-frequency transformer T1 via the choke coil LC as shown in FIG. 13 (J).
- This current IL1 is branched on the primary side of the high-frequency transformer T1, and flows to the primary side of the high-frequency transformer via the FETs Q2 and Q4 to the minus side of the DC power supply.
- the second gate signal from the driver circuit DR1 is switched to a high level and a low level as shown in FIG. 13 (H), and the FETQ2 which has been on is turned off.
- the first gate signal is switched from the low level to the high level as shown in FIG. 13 (1). Therefore, as shown in FIG. 13 (B), the source-drain voltage of the FETQ2 that has been turned off is increased.
- the third gate signal is maintained at a low level as shown in FIG. 13 (F). Therefore, as shown in FIG. 13 (C), the FET Q3 to which the third gate pulse is given is kept in the off state. Also, at the time point til, the fourth gate signal is maintained at a high level as shown in FIG. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 13 (D), only the FETQ4 to which the fourth gate pulse is given is maintained in the ON state.
- the source-drain of the FETQ2 is turned off by the gate cutoff voltage applied to the FETQ2. Therefore, the voltage between the source and the drain of the FETQ1 starts to decrease as shown in FIG. 13 (A), and the voltage between the source and the drain of the FETQ2 which is turned off rises as shown in FIG.13 (B). start. Since the transistors Q3 and Q4 are kept off and on, respectively, even after the time til, the drain-source voltage of the transistors Q3 and Q4 is kept at the high level and the low level. It will be. As FETQ2 is turned off, the primary side potential of the transformer LC gradually increases from the negative side as shown in Fig.
- the first gate signal shown in FIG. 13 (1) is given to the gate of the FETQ1, and conduction between the source and the drain is made as shown in FIG. 13 (A).
- the source-drain voltage of FETQ1 is reduced to zero, and FETQ1 is kept on.
- the source-drain voltage of the FETQ2, which is maintained off, reaches the input voltage as shown in FIG. Accordingly, the primary voltage of the high-frequency transformer T1 also reaches a predetermined voltage through the series circuit of the FETs Q1 and Q4 in the on state as shown in FIG. 13 (E), and the current IT1 on the primary side of the high-frequency transformer T1 gradually increases. And the current IT2 is increased.
- the third gate signal causes the FET Q3 to turn on the FET Q3 as shown in FIG. 13 (F). Make it conductive. Since the FETs Q1 and Q3 are turned on and the FETs Q2 and Q4 are turned off, the primary side of the high-frequency transformer T1 is maintained at the plus side voltage as shown in Fig. 13 (E), and as shown in Fig. 13 (J). Thus, the direction of the current flowing through the choke coil LC is changed such that the current flows through the choke coil LC in the direction of charging the capacitor C7.
- the primary side of the high-frequency transformer T1 has the ground voltage as shown in FIG. 13 (E), and the supply of the current Ir from the current resonance circuit 13 is stopped as shown in FIG. 13 (M). .
- current IT1 flowing on the primary side of high-frequency transformer T1 is also increased in the negative direction, and current IT2 is also decreased.
- time tl5 when FETQ1 is turned off by the first gate pulse, the voltage between the drain and source of FETQ1 increases, and the voltage between the drain and source of FETQ2 decreases.
- the FETQ3 since the FETQ3 is in the ON state, the voltage on the primary side of the high-frequency transformer T1 starts to decrease as shown in FIG.
- the negative current IT1 is gradually reduced, and the current IT2 is also increased by the negative side. Even after the time point tl6, as shown in FIG. 13 (J), the current is continuously supplied to the capacitor C7 via the choke coil LC, and the capacitor C7 is charged. Therefore, the current resonance circuit 13 on the secondary side of the high-frequency transformer T1 starts to output the current Ir of the brass as shown in FIG. 13 (M).
- the fourth gate signal power FET Q4 is turned on at the same time as the source 'drain voltage of the FET Q4 becomes almost zero as shown in FIG. 13 (G). Make it conductive. Since FETs Q2 and Q4 are turned on and FETs Q1 and Q3 are turned off, the primary side of high-frequency transformer T1 is maintained at zero voltage as shown in Fig. 13 (E), and the capacitor is The current from C7 to the choke coil LC starts. Therefore, the primary side of the high-frequency transformer T1 has the ground voltage as shown in FIG. 13 (E), and the supply of the current Ir from the current resonance circuit 13 is stopped as shown in FIG. 13 (M). . Figure 13 (K) and 13 (L), the current IT1 flowing to the primary side of the high-frequency transformer T1 is also increased to the positive side, and the current IT2 is also increased to the positive side.
- FIGS. 14 (A) to 13 (M) show waveforms of the respective parts shown in FIG. 9 when a load is not connected to rectifier circuit 14. Even when the load is connected to the rectifier circuit 14, the voltage resonance is maintained in the voltage resonance circuit 11, but the current is not supplied to the current resonance circuit 14 from the high-frequency transformer T1. The resonance circuit 14 is not operated.
- the second and fourth gate signals are generated in phase as shown in FIGS. 14 (F) -13 (1), and the first and third gate signals are generated in phase.
- the FETs Q2 and Q4 and the transistors Q1 and Q3 are turned on and off synchronously as shown in FIGS. The operation of the circuit shown in FIG. 9 under no load will be described below.
- the second and fourth gate signals are switched to the high level and the low level as shown in FIGS. 14 (G) and 14 (H) in synchronization with the control pulse signal. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 14 (A), the FETs Q2 and Q4 to which the second and fourth gate pulses have been given are kept off.
- the first and third gate signals are generated as shown in FIGS. 14 (F) and 14 (I).
- the primary side of the high-frequency transformer T1 is connected by the conducting FETs Q2 and Q4. Since it is connected to the negative side of the DC power supply and is maintained at the same potential, no potential difference occurs on its primary side, and the primary side voltage is maintained at zero. Therefore, the current Irl is not output from the secondary side of the high-frequency transformer T1, as shown in FIG. 14 (M), and is maintained at zero. Further, as shown in FIG. 14 (J), a current IL1 is supplied from the charged capacitor C11 to the intermediate tap of the high-frequency transformer T1 via the choke coil L1, and as shown in FIGS. 14 (K) and 13 ( As shown in L), the primary force also supplies currents IT1 and IT2 to FETs Q2 and Q4.
- the gates of the FETs Q1 and Q3 When reaching the time point tl2 after a predetermined time At has elapsed from the time point til, the gates of the FETs Q1 and Q3 have the high-level first and third levels as shown in FIGS. 14 (F) and 13 (1).
- a gate signal is applied, the source and drain are conducted between the source and drain as shown in FIGS. 14 (A) and 13 (C), the voltage between the source and drain of FETs Ql and Q3 is reduced to zero, and FETs Q1 and Q3 are , Is maintained in the on state.
- the source-drain voltages of the FETs Q2 and Q4 that are kept off reach the input voltage as shown in FIGS. 14 (B) and 14 (D).
- the current IL1 gradually decreases as shown in FIG. 14 (J), and the capacitor C11 starts to be charged by the current from the positive side of the power supply. That is, the current IL1 changes from positive to negative and starts charging the capacitor C11. As the current IL1 changes, the currents IT1 and IT2 also gradually change from positive to negative as shown in FIGS. 14 (K) and 13 (L).
- the primary side of the high-frequency transformer T1 is connected to the negative side of the power supply via FETs Q2 and Q4, and both ends are maintained at the same potential. Therefore, no potential difference occurs on the primary side, and the primary side voltage is It is maintained at zero, and no current Irl is similarly output from the secondary side of the high-frequency transformer T1, as shown in FIG. 14 (M), and is maintained at zero.
- a converter circuit that is, a circuit configuration including a unit may be used.
- the connection between the two DC / DC converter units is switched and switched, and a voltage is output with high efficiency.
- converter units 10-1 and 10-2 shown in Fig. 15 the primary circuit 11 is the same as that shown in Figs.
- the transformer T1 is equivalent to the transformer T1 shown in FIG. 4 and FIG.
- the secondary circuit 13 corresponds to the circuit shown in FIG. 7 or FIG. Therefore, from converter units 10-1, 10-2, the voltage across capacitor C9 in secondary circuit 13 is output as a voltage signal.
- Converter units 10-1 and 10-2 have already been described with reference to these drawings, and a description thereof will be omitted.
- the primary circuit 11 of the converter units 10-1 and 10-2 shown in Fig. 15 is replaced by a commutation circuit LC composed of the capacitors CIO and C11 and the choke coil L1 shown in Figs. It does not have to be provided. That is, in the circuit shown in FIG. 15, the first converter unit 10-1 and the second converter unit 10-2 include a choke coil L1 and a capacitor CIO, C11 for replenishing power energy at low output. Comparator that does not require a flow circuit The efficiency of the data section 10 can be improved.
- the smoothing capacitor C9 corresponding to the high voltage side of the first converter unit 10-1 and the smoothing capacitor corresponding to the high voltage side of the second converter unit 10-2 Smoothing capacitor corresponding to the high potential side of capacitor C9 and to the low voltage side of first converter unit 10-1 Smoothing capacitor corresponding to the low potential side of C9 and the low voltage side of second converter unit 10-2
- Diodes D5 and D6 are connected to the low potential side of C9.
- the anode sides of the diodes D5 and D6 are connected to the second converter unit 10-2, and the power source sides of the diodes D5 and D6 are connected to the first converter unit 10-1.
- a transistor Q7 is provided between the low voltage side of the first converter unit 10-1 and the high voltage side of the second converter unit 10-2.
- the transistor Q7 is driven by the driver 17 performing a pulse width modulation (PWM) operation.
- PWM pulse width modulation
- the output of the smoothing circuit 15 is fed back to the PWM generator 16, and based on this, a PWM signal is generated by the PWM generator 16 to drive the transistor Q7.
- the driver 17 includes a photo power blur, and the transistor QT is electrically separated from the output side power of the smoothing circuit 15.
- a constant output voltage Voutl is output from first converter unit 10-1 and second converter unit 10-2.
- Vout2 are output.
- the diodes D5 and D6 are connected in series, and the diodes D5 and D6 The low voltage side of the first converter unit 10-1 and the high voltage side of the second converter unit 10-2 are connected to the connection point therebetween. Therefore, as shown in FIG.
- a voltage Vout3 such that the power supply Voutl and the power supply Vout2 are connected in series is output from the series circuit of the diodes D5 and D6, and this voltage Vout3 is input to the smoothing circuit 15.
- the secondary sides of the high-frequency transformers of the first converter unit 10-1 and the second converter unit 10-2 are connected in parallel to the smoothing circuit 15, and the first converter unit 10-1 — Voltage from the secondary side of the high-frequency transformer of the first and second converter units 10—2 to the smoothing circuit 15 Voutl or Vout2 is supplied. Therefore, the input voltage of the smoothing circuit 15 is reduced as shown in FIG.
- the secondary sides of the high frequency transformers of the first converter unit 10-1 and the second converter unit 10-2 are connected in parallel to the smoothing circuit 15, and the first converter unit 10-1 —
- the voltage Voutl or Vout2 is supplied to the smoothing circuit 15 from the secondary side of the high frequency transformer of the first and second converter units 10-2.
- the output voltage Vout4 obtained by smoothing the input voltage Vout3 is output from the smoothing circuit 15 as shown in FIG. 16E according to the pulse width of the PWM signal.
- the pulse width of the PWM signal is large, the output voltage Vout4 from the smoothing circuit 15 increases, and if the pulse width of the PWM signal is small, the output voltage Vout4 from the smoothing circuit 15 decreases. Therefore, the output voltage of the smoothing circuit 15 is detected by the PWM signal generator 16 and the output of the smoothing circuit 15 can be made constant by selecting an appropriate pulse width.
- Vout Voutl X PWM ratio + Vout2
- Vout Voutl X 2
- two or more secondary circuits may be provided in one primary circuit as shown in FIG. That is, as shown in FIG. 18, the present invention can be applied to a circuit in which a plurality of secondary windings are wound around one transformer T1.
- the transformer Tl has one primary side and has a plurality of, for example, two secondary sides, and the voltage resonance circuit shown in FIGS. 4 and 6 is connected to the primary side of the transformer T1;
- First and second rectifier circuits 13-1, 13-2 configured as shown in FIG. 7 or FIG. 8 are connected to the two secondary sides, respectively.
- Diodes D5 and D6 are connected between the low potential side of the capacitor C9 and the low potential side of the smoothing capacitor C9 of the second rectifier circuit 13-2, respectively.
- a transistor Q7 that is pulse width modulated (PWM) operated by the driver 17 is connected between the diodes D5 and D6.
- PWM pulse width modulated
- a plurality of transformers Tl-1 and T1-2 may be provided in one primary-side circuit.
- each of a plurality of transformers Tl-1 and T1-2 has first and second rectifier circuits 13-1 and 13-1 configured as shown in FIG. 7 or FIG. — 2 is connected. Then, between the high potential side of the smoothing capacitor C9 of the first rectifier circuit 13-1 and the high potential side of the smoothing capacitor C9 of the second rectifier circuit 13-2, and between the high potential side of the first rectifier circuit 13-1.
- Diodes D5 and D6 are connected between the low potential side of the smoothing capacitor C9 and the low potential side of the smoothing capacitor C9 of the second rectifier circuit 13-2, respectively.
- a transistor Q7 that is pulse width modulated (PWM) operated by the driver 17 is connected between the diodes D5 and D6.
- PWM pulse width modulated
- the primary circuit 11 shown in Figs. 18 and 19 may not be provided with the commutation circuit LC composed of the capacitors CIO and C11 and the choke coil L1 shown in Figs. Please note that.
- the circuit according to the present embodiment can be applied to a circuit that does not use a voltage-current resonance type DC-DC converter if there are two or more outputs on the secondary side.
- the voltage resonance circuit is either a bridge type or a push-pull type.
- the switching element and the capacitor connected in parallel are connected so as to form a bridge.
- the bridge-type voltage resonance circuit includes first to fourth switching elements and first to fourth switching elements connected in parallel to the first to fourth switching elements, respectively. And a fourth bridge, wherein the first and second switching elements connected in series and the third and fourth switching elements connected in series are connected in parallel to form a bridge.
- the capacitor connected in parallel with the switching element can be substituted by the internal capacitance of the switching element.
- the current resonance circuit includes a coil and a capacitor connected in series, the coil is connected to a first end of the transformer, and the capacitor is connected to a rectifier circuit.
- the rectifier circuit is a full-bridge rectifier circuit or a voltage doubler rectifier circuit.
- a commutation circuit for maintaining resonance during low power input is provided between the voltage resonance circuit and the transformer.
- the commutation circuit is connected in parallel to the bridge circuit and connected to two capacitors connected in series, and a connection point between the capacitors and a primary feeder of the transformer. Including a coil.
- a connection inverter includes: each of the DC-DC converters described above; and an inverter that converts an output from the DC-DC converter into AC power. .
- the DC-DC converter is connected between the rectifying circuit and the smoothing circuit. It is preferable to provide a pulse width modulation circuit for performing pulse width modulation based on the output of.
- the interconnection inverter includes at least one DC-AC converter arranged on the primary side of a transformer, and at least two rectifier circuits arranged on the secondary side of the transformer. And a smoothing circuit for smoothing the outputs from the at least two rectifier circuits; and an output from the DC-DC converter to AC power. And a pulse width modulation circuit for performing pulse width modulation based on the output of the power of the DC-DC converter between the rectifier circuit and the smoothing circuit.
- the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made in the implementation stage without departing from the scope of the invention. Furthermore, the above embodiments include inventions at various stages, and various inventions can be extracted by appropriately combining a plurality of disclosed constituent elements.
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP05721011A EP1727265B1 (en) | 2004-03-18 | 2005-03-17 | Dc-dc converter |
CN2005800016757A CN1906837B (zh) | 2004-03-18 | 2005-03-17 | 直流-直流转换器 |
US11/447,387 US7333348B2 (en) | 2004-03-18 | 2006-06-06 | DC-DC converter |
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JP2004-119652 | 2004-03-18 | ||
JP2004119652 | 2004-03-18 | ||
JP2004-272503 | 2004-09-17 | ||
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US11/447,387 Continuation US7333348B2 (en) | 2004-03-18 | 2006-06-06 | DC-DC converter |
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JP2008199808A (ja) * | 2007-02-14 | 2008-08-28 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 系統連系インバータ装置 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1727265A1 (en) | 2006-11-29 |
EP1727265A4 (en) | 2009-02-18 |
US7333348B2 (en) | 2008-02-19 |
EP1727265B1 (en) | 2013-01-23 |
US20060227577A1 (en) | 2006-10-12 |
CN1906837A (zh) | 2007-01-31 |
CN1906837B (zh) | 2011-02-23 |
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