WO2005087960A1 - 肉盛耐摩耗性銅合金及びバルブシート - Google Patents
肉盛耐摩耗性銅合金及びバルブシート Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005087960A1 WO2005087960A1 PCT/JP2005/001451 JP2005001451W WO2005087960A1 WO 2005087960 A1 WO2005087960 A1 WO 2005087960A1 JP 2005001451 W JP2005001451 W JP 2005001451W WO 2005087960 A1 WO2005087960 A1 WO 2005087960A1
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- hard particles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/06—Alloys based on copper with nickel or cobalt as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0078—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only silicides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
- C23C26/02—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00 applying molten material to the substrate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
- F01L3/02—Selecting particular materials for valve-members or valve-seats; Valve-members or valve-seats composed of two or more materials
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
- F01L3/02—Selecting particular materials for valve-members or valve-seats; Valve-members or valve-seats composed of two or more materials
- F01L3/04—Coated valve members or valve-seats
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2301/00—Using particular materials
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2810/00—Arrangements solving specific problems in relation with valve gears
- F01L2810/02—Lubrication
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a build-up wear-resistant copper alloy, and more particularly to a build-up wear-resistant copper alloy that can be used for valve seats and the like of internal combustion engines.
- precipitation hardening alloys such as beryllium copper obtained by adding beryllium to copper or copper-nickel-silicon alloy known as Corson alloy, and copper-based matrix a l 2 0 3, T I_ ⁇ 2, Z R_ ⁇ of hard oxide particle dispersion-strengthened by dispersing such 2 alloys are known.
- precipitation hardening alloys rapidly decrease in hardness at temperatures above the aging temperature (350-450 ° C), and the size of precipitated particles is as small as several ⁇ m or less. Even under high friction conditions, significant wear may occur under frictional conditions involving sliding.
- dispersion-strengthened copper-based alloys those obtained by the internal oxidation method maintain high strength and hardness even at high temperatures, but have reduced wear resistance due to the extremely fine dispersed particles. It is hard to say that it is excellent.
- the dispersion-strengthened type obtained by the sintering method is not suitable for hardfacing because the metallographic structure changes due to the force melting that can control the size of the dispersed particles.
- Patent Document 1 a copper-based alloy with excellent wear resistance in which particles containing hard Co-Mo-based silicide (silicide) are dispersed in a soft Cu-Ni-based matrix.
- Patent Document 1 Abrasion resistance is ensured by hard particles, and toughness is ensured by a matrix, making it suitable as a build-up alloy using a high-density energy heat source such as a laser beam.
- the wear resistance is further improved and the area ratio of the hard particles is increased, the peeling resistance at the time of overlaying is reduced, and beading occurs frequently.
- Co-Mo-based silicide is hard and brittle, and have reduced the amount of Co-Mo-based silicide, which is more effective than that of Co-Mo-based silicide.
- By increasing the proportion of Fe-Mo-based silicide, Fe-W-based silicide, Fe-V-based silicide with low hardness and slightly higher toughness By reducing the amount of i and increasing the amounts of Fe and Mo, not only can the wear resistance in high-temperature areas be improved, but also the wear resistance and machinability can be improved.
- Developed alloy By increasing the proportion of Fe-Mo-based silicide, Fe-W-based silicide, Fe-V-based silicide with low hardness and slightly higher toughness, By reducing the amount of i and increasing the amounts of Fe and Mo, not only can the wear resistance in high-temperature areas be improved, but also the wear resistance and machinability can be improved.
- Patent Document 3 contains 10 to 40% of nickel and 0.1 to 6% of silicon as copper base alloy powder for laser cladding, and one or two of aluminum, yttrium, misch metal, titanium, zirconium, and hafnium. It is known that the above total is 0.01 to 0.1%, oxygen is 0.01 to 0.1%, and the remainder has a composition of inevitable impurities (Patent Document 3).
- the copper-based alloy powder for laser cladding contains nickel 10-40% and silicon 0.1-6%, and cobalt 20% or less, and the total of molybdenum and Z or tungsten is 20% or less.
- Iron 20% or less, chromium 10% or less, boron 0.5% or less, total of one or two or more of anoremium, yttrium, misch metal, titanium, zirconium, and hafum are 0.01 It is known that the composition has a composition of 0.1% to 0.1%, oxygen 0.01% to 0.1%, and the balance of copper and inevitable impurities (Patent Document 3).
- Patent Document 1 JP-A-8-225868
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-1 7978
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-131341 Disclosure of the Invention
- the above-mentioned Co-Mo-based, Fe_Mo-based, Fe-W-based, and Fe-V-based wear-resistant copper alloys in which hard particles having silicide are dispersed are: It has excellent wear resistance and is sufficiently completed for practical use.
- an inert gas such as argon gas is generally blown to block the atmosphere.
- the interface of the built-up portion may be oxidized by the incorporation of air, which may cause poor welding.
- the solid oxide film formed on the surface deteriorates fluidity, resulting in poor welding, irregular beading, and sometimes impairs build-up.
- the alloy is made to have a high Mo composition in order to further improve the wear resistance, and in order to alleviate the coarsening of the resulting hard particles, the N
- the peeling resistance at the time of overlaying is reduced, and bead peeling may occur.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and provides a build-up wear-resistant copper alloy and a valve seat having excellent wear resistance while further securing the build-up property and the wear resistance. It is in.
- the build-up wear-resistant copper alloy according to the first invention is, by weight%, nickel: 5.0 to 24.5%, iron: 3.0 to 20.0%, silicon: 0.5 to 5.5%. 0%, boron: 0.05 to 0.5%, chromium: 0.3 to 5.0%, one or more of molybdenum, tungsten and vanadium: 3.0 to 20.0 %, With the balance being copper and unavoidable impurities.
- the build-up wear-resistant copper alloy according to the second invention is, by weight%, nickel: 3.0 to 22.0%, iron: 2.0 to 15.0%, and silicon: 0.5 to 5.0. 0%, boron: 0.05-0.5. /. , Chromium: 0.3 to 5.0%, and one or more of molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, and niobium: 2.0 to 15.0%, cobalt: 2.0 to 15% 0%, with the balance having the composition of copper and unavoidable impurities.
- chromium boride is finely contained in hard particles by containing chromium, which easily forms a boride than nickel or iron, in combination with boron. The distribution and the adverse effects caused by boron alone are avoided.
- the copper alloy of the present invention is an alloy in which 100% by weight of the remaining copper, which is obtained by subtracting the total amount of the additional elements, exceeds 100% by weight of each of the additional elements alone.
- FIG. 1 is a copy of a micrograph of the alloy according to Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 2 is a copy of a micrograph of the alloy according to Comparative Example 2.
- Figure 3 is a copy (magnified) of a micrograph of the alloy according to Comparative Example 2.
- FIG. 4 is a copy of a micrograph of the alloy according to Comparative Example 3.
- Figure 5 is a copy (magnified) of a micrograph of the alloy according to Comparative Example 3.
- FIG. 6 is a copy of a micrograph of the alloy according to Comparative Example 4.
- Figure 7 is a copy (magnified) of a micrograph of the alloy according to Comparative Example 4.
- FIG. 8 is a copy of a micrograph of the alloy according to Example 1.
- FIG. 9 is a copy (magnified) of a micrograph of the alloy according to Example 1.
- FIG. 10 is a photomicrograph copy of the alloy of Example 2.
- FIG. 11 is a copy (magnified) of a micrograph of the alloy according to Example 2.
- FIG. 12 is a copy (magnified) of a micrograph of the alloy according to Example 2.
- FIG. 13 is a copy of a micrograph of the alloy according to Example 3.
- FIG. 14 is a copy (magnified) of a micrograph of the alloy according to Example 3.
- FIG. 15 is a copy (magnified) of a micrograph of the alloy according to Example 3.
- FIG. 16 is a photomicrograph copy of the alloy of Example 4.
- FIG. 17 is a copy (enlarge) of a micrograph of the alloy according to Example 4.
- FIG. 18 is a copy (magnified) of a micrograph of the alloy according to Example 4.
- FIG. 19 is a copy of a micrograph of the alloy according to Comparative Example 5.
- FIG. 20 is a copy (magnified) of a micrograph of the alloy according to Comparative Example 5.
- FIG. 21 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of iron and the Vickers hardness of hard particles for an alloy having a composition equivalent to that of the comparative example, and the relationship between the amount of iron and the Vickers hardness of matritus.
- FIG. 22 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of iron and the Vickers hardness of hard particles for an alloy having a composition equivalent to the example, and the relationship between the amount of iron and the Vickers hardness of Matrittas.
- hard particles are distributed in a soft matrix. If only boron is added to copper alloys, coarse, very hard and brittle nickel, iron and molybdenum borides are formed in the hard particles or matrix. As a result, the hard particles are liable to crack, resulting in a decrease in the wear resistance when building up. In addition, these coarse and very hard borides increase the so-called aggressiveness of the copper alloy itself, in which the copper alloy itself wears a small amount but wears severely.
- the hard particles contain chromium boride or chromium and contain less molybdenum, tungsten, and vanadium.
- the hard phase in which chromium and boron are added to the conventional hard phase (silicide) component is finely distributed, and the above-mentioned adverse effects caused by the addition of boron alone can be avoided. Conceivable.
- the surface of the hard particles (the interface between the hard particles and the matrix) has large irregularities of irregular shape and is complicated.
- angular compounds Fe-Mo, Co-Mo
- These conditions impair the ductility of the matrices and cause pitting during overlaying.
- the interface between the hard particles and the base material is smoothed, and the cracking resistance of matritas is improved, as described in Examples described later.
- the other is a hard silicide (silicide) composed mainly of nickel and strengthened by dispersion to improve wear resistance. Enhance. Nickel can also be expected to form a hard phase of hard particles with cobalt, iron, etc. If the content is less than the lower limit, the copper-nickel The properties possessed by gold, particularly good corrosion resistance, heat resistance and abrasion resistance, are hardly developed, and hard particles are reduced, so that the above-mentioned effects cannot be sufficiently obtained. Further, the amount of cobalt and iron that can be added is reduced. If the content exceeds the upper limit of the above-mentioned content, the hard particles become excessive, the toughness is reduced, and the overlay is apt to occur when forming a hardfacing layer. The build-up of certain objects is reduced.
- the first invention sets the Eckel at 5.0 to 24.5%.
- the lower limit of the nickel content range is 5.2%, 5.5%, 6.0%, 6.5%, 7.0% can be exemplified, and as the upper limit corresponding to the lower limit, for example, 24.0%, 23.0%, 22.0%, and further 20.0% , 19.0% and 18.0%, but are not limited to these.
- the content is set to 3.0 to 22.0%. In this case, taking the above circumstances into consideration, it can be set to 4.0 to 20.0% and 5.0 to 19. ⁇ %.
- the lower limit of the above nickel content range is 4.2%, 5.5%, 6.0%, and 6%, depending on the degree of emphasis on various properties required for build-up wear-resistant copper alloys. 5% and 7.0%, and the upper limit corresponding to the lower limit is, for example, 21.0%, 20.6%, 20.0%, 19.0%, 18.0%. Examples can be given, but the present invention is not limited to these.
- Silicon is an element that forms silicide (silicide), forms silicide containing nickel as a main component, and further contributes to strengthening the copper-based matrix. If the content is less than the lower limit, the above-mentioned effects cannot be sufficiently obtained. If the content exceeds the above upper limit value, the toughness of the build-up wear-resistant copper alloy decreases, and when a build-up layer is formed, the weld is likely to occur, and the build-up property for the target object is reduced. Taking the above circumstances into account, the silicon content is set at 0.5 to 5.0%. For example, silicon can be 1.0-4.0%, especially 1.5-3.0%.
- the lower limit of the above-mentioned silicon content range is 0.55%, 0.6%, and 0.6%. 65% and 0.7% can be exemplified. Examples of the corresponding upper limit include 4.5%, 4.0%, 3.8%, and 3.0%, but are not limited thereto.
- Iron basically works like cobalt and can be replaced by costly cobalt. Iron hardly dissolves in the matrix based on ⁇ , and is easily present in hard particles mainly as silicide. In order to generate a large amount of the above-mentioned silicide, iron is set to 3.0 to 20.0% in the first invention, and iron is set to 2.0 to 15.0% in the second invention. If the content is less than the lower limit of the above-mentioned content, the hard particles decrease and the abrasion resistance decreases, and the above-mentioned effects cannot be sufficiently obtained. If the content exceeds the above range, the hard phase in the hard particles becomes coarser, and the wear resistance of the build-up wear-resistant copper alloy decreases, and the aggressiveness of the partner increases.
- iron in consideration of the above-mentioned circumstances, in the first invention, iron can be set to 3.2 to 19.0%, particularly 3.4 to 18.0%.
- the upper limit of the above iron content range is 19.0%, 18.0%, 1 7.0%, 16.0% 3 ⁇ 4r can be exemplified, and the lower limit of iron corresponding to the upper limit can be 3.2%, 3.4%, 3.6%, but is not limited to these is not.
- the content of iron in the second invention, can be 2.2 to 14.0%, particularly 3.4 to 12.0%.
- the upper limit of the above iron content range is 14.0%, 13.0%, 12.0% depending on the degree of importance of various properties required for the build-up wear-resistant copper alloy according to the second invention.
- %, 11.0%, and the lower limit of iron corresponding to the upper limit can be 2.2%, 2.4%, 2.6%, but are not limited to these.
- Chromium is contained in the matrix and alloys with some of the nickel and some of the cobalt to increase oxidation resistance. Chromium is also present in the hard particles, further increasing the tendency of the liquid phase to separate in the melt. Chromium is also easy to form borides.By adding it in combination with boron, chromium borides or borides containing chromium and at least one of molybdenum, tungsten, and vanadium in the hard particles, Then, the hard phase in which chromium and boron are added to the conventional hard phase (silicide) component is finely distributed, and the above-mentioned adverse effects caused by the addition of boron alone are reduced. Evaded.
- chromium is set to 0.3 to 5.0%.
- the chromium content can be 0.35 to 4.8%, 0.4 to 4.0%, especially 0.6 to 3.0%, 0.8 to 1.8%.
- the lower limit of the above-mentioned chromium content range may be, for example, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.5%.
- the upper limit corresponding to the lower limit is, for example, 4.8%, 4.0%, and 3.0%, but is not limited thereto.
- the chromium content is preferably higher than the boron content. Therefore, the content of chromium is preferably at least four times the content of boron. In particular, the chromium content can be 5 times or more, 6 times or more, 8 times or more, and even 10 times or more the boron content. Although the upper limit depends on the boron content, the chromium content can be 20 times or less, 50 times or less, or 100 times or less the boron content.
- Molybdenum, tungsten, and vanadium combine with silicon to form silicides (typically tough silicides) in hard particles, increasing wear resistance and lubricity at high temperatures.
- This silicide has lower hardness and higher toughness than Co-Mo silicide. Therefore, they are formed in the hard particles and enhance the wear resistance and lubricity at high temperatures.
- Silicide containing one or more of molybdenum, tungsten, and vanadium as main components can be used in a relatively low temperature range of about 500 to 700 ° C, and even in an environment with a low oxygen partial pressure. Oxides rich in lubricity are easily formed. This oxide covers the surface of the matrix in use and is advantageous in avoiding direct contact between the mating material and the matrix. This ensures self-lubricating properties.
- the content of the alloy according to the first invention is set to 3.0 to 20.0%.
- the lower limit of the above content range of one or more of molybdenum, tungsten, and vanadium is 3.2%, 3.6% and 4.0% can be exemplified, and the upper limit corresponding to the lower limit can be 18.0%, 17.0% and 16.0%, but is not limited to these. Absent.
- the alloy according to the second invention (containing cobalt) is considered, and the content is set to 2.0 to 15.0%.
- the lower limit of the above content range of one or more of molybdenum, tungsten, and vanadium is 3.0. %, 4.0%, 5.0%
- the upper limit corresponding to the lower limit can be 14.0%, 13.0%, 12.0%, but is not limited to these Not something.
- B 2 0 3 acts as a flux, the cladding of such welding of the build-up wear-resistant copper alloy to fluidity Ya substrate is improved.
- the surface of the hard particles (the interface between the hard particles and the matrix) has large irregular CD protrusions and is intricate. These conditions impair the ductility of the matrix and serve as starting points for the occurrence of cladding during buildup.
- the interface between the hard particles and the base material becomes smooth and the crack resistance of the matrix is improved, as will be described in Examples below. Taking this into consideration, or depending on the amount of chromium, boron is set to 0.05-0.5%.
- examples of the lower limit of boron are 0.08%, 0.1%, and 0.12%, and the upper limit corresponding to the lower limit is 0. Examples are 45%, 0.4%, and 0.3%, but are not limited thereto.
- Cobalt may not necessarily be contained in the alloy according to the first invention, but may be contained in 0.01 to 2.00%. Cobalt hardly dissolves in copper and acts to stabilize silicide. In addition, covanolate forms a solid solution with nickel, iron, chromium, etc., and tends to improve toughness. Cobalt also increases the tendency of liquid phase separation in the molten state. It is considered that the liquid phase separated from the liquid phase part that forms the matrix mainly produces hard particles. If the content is less than the lower limit of the content, the above-mentioned effects may not be sufficiently obtained. In view of the above circumstances, according to the alloy according to the first invention, the copart may contain 0.01% to 2.00%.
- cobalt may be contained at 0.01-1.97%, 0.01-1.94%, 0.20-1.90%, especially 0.40-1.85%.
- the upper limit of the above-mentioned content range of cobalt is 1.90%, 1.80%, 1.60% , 1.50%, and the lower limit corresponding to the upper limit may be 0.02%, 0.03%, 0.05%, but is not limited thereto.
- the content of cobalt is 2.0 to 15.0%.
- cobalt can be 3.0-14.0%, 4.0-13.0%, 5.0-12.0%.
- the lower limit of the above content range of cobalt is 2.5%, 3.5%, and 4. 5%, 5.5%, 6.5% can be exemplified, and the upper limit corresponding to the lower limit can be exemplified by 14.0%, 13.0%, 12.0%, but is not limited to these It is not something to be done.
- hard particles that are harder than Matritus are distributed in the matrix. If only boron is added to the alloy, coarse, very hard and brittle nickel, iron and molybdenum borides are formed in the hard particles or matrix. As a result, the hard particles are liable to crack, resulting in a decrease in peeling resistance when building up. In addition, these coarse and very hard borides increase the so-called aggressiveness of the copper alloy itself, although the copper alloy itself wears a small amount but wears severely.
- chromium which easily forms borides than nickel or iron, is combined with boron to form borides of chromium or chromium in the hard particles while containing molybdenum, tungsten, and panadium.
- Boride containing at least one of the following components, and a hard phase in which chromium and boron are added to the conventional hard phase (silicide) component are finely distributed. The disadvantages caused by single addition are avoided.
- the surface of the hard particles (the interface between the hard particles and the matrix) is complicated.
- the interface between the hard particles and the base material becomes smooth, and the crack resistance of the matrix is improved.
- the build-up wear-resistant copper alloy according to the present invention can employ at least one of the following embodiments.
- the build-up wear-resistant copper alloy according to the present invention can be used, for example, as a build-up alloy to be built on an object.
- the overlaying method include a method of welding and overlaying using a high-density energy heat source such as a laser beam, an electron beam, and an arc.
- a high-density energy heat source such as a laser beam, an electron beam, and an arc.
- the hardfacing wear-resistant copper alloy according to the present invention is used as a hardfacing material as a powder or a balta body, and the powder or the balta body is gathered in a hardfacing portion, and the above-mentioned laser is used.
- Welding can be performed using a heat source represented by a high-density energy heat source such as a one-beam, electron beam, or arc.
- the above-mentioned hardfacing wear-resistant alloy is not limited to a powder or a barta body, but may be a wire or rod-shaped hardfacing material.
- the laser beam include those having high energy / registration density, such as a carbon dioxide laser beam and a YAG laser beam.
- the material of the object to be clad include aluminum, aluminum-based alloy, iron or iron-based alloy, copper or copper-based alloy, but are not limited to these.
- Examples of the basic composition of the aluminum alloy constituting the object include aluminum alloys for structural use, for example, Al—Si system, Al—Cu system, Al_Mg system, and A1-Z11 system. .
- Examples of the object include engines such as an internal combustion engine and an external combustion engine, but are not limited to these.
- a valve train material is exemplified.
- the present invention may be applied to a valve seat forming an exhaust port or a valve seat forming an intake port! /.
- the valve seat itself may be made of the build-up wear-resistant copper alloy according to the present invention, or the build-up wear-resistant alloy according to the present invention may be built into the pulp sheet. May be.
- the build-up wear-resistant copper alloy according to the present invention is not limited to a valve train material of an engine such as an internal combustion engine. It can also be used for members and sintered materials.
- the build-up wear-resistant copper alloy according to the present invention comprises a build-up layer after build-up. Or an alloy for overlaying before the overlaying.
- the build-up wear-resistant copper alloy according to the present invention can be applied to, for example, a copper-based sliding member and a sliding portion. Specifically, it is used for a copper-based valve train material mounted on an internal combustion engine. Can be applied.
- this alloy consists of relatively coarse hard particles and fine F particles in a relatively soft Cu-Ni-Si matrix (containing Fe or Co).
- the e-Mo or Co-Mo compound and nickel silicide are dispersed.
- the wear resistance of this alloy is mainly ensured by hard particles.
- Hard particles basically consist of Fe— (C 0) —Ni—Mo—Si in a relatively soft solid solution of Ni—Fe— (Co) —Si. It has a configuration in which hard phase fine particles are dispersed. (C o) means that C 0 is not mandatory.
- FIG. 1 shows the metal structure of Comparative Example 1.
- Comparative Example 1 is an alloy having a composition of Cu-16.5% Ni-9% Fe-2.3% Si-8.5% Mo _ 1% B and contains Cr. I haven't. As shown in FIG. 1, in the alloy according to Comparative Example 1 containing 1% of B but not containing Cr, the hard particles are very coarse and quite irregular, and are not practical.
- FIG. Comparative Example 2 is an alloy having a composition of Cu_16.5% Ni-9% Fe-2.3% Si-8.5% Mo-0.5% B, Does not contain r. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, in the alloy according to Comparative Example 2 containing 0.5% of B but not containing Cr, the hard particles are very coarse, irregular, and impractical.
- FIGs 4 and 5 show the metallographic structure of Comparative Example 3.
- Comparative Example 3 is an alloy in which the amount of B added is as low as 0.25%, and Cu—20.5% N i -9% F e -2.3% S i—8.5% M o -0.3%. This alloy has a composition of 25% B and does not contain Cr. When the B content is reduced to 0.25%, the hard particles become finer as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, but significant irregularities are observed on the surface of the hard particles (the interface with the matrix).
- Comparative Example 4 is an alloy containing neither B nor Cr, and has a composition of Cu—20.5% N i -9% F e -2.3% S i -8.5% Mo. Alloy containing no B and Cr. As shown in Figs. 6 and 7, significant irregularities are observed on the surface of the hard particles, especially small hard particles.
- FIGS. 10 to 12 show an alloy O metal structure of Example 2 corresponding to the first invention.
- the surface of the hard particles is even smoother, and hard particles close to a circle (spherical shape) are formed. I know you are.
- FIGS. 13 to 15 show the alloy / metal structure of Example 3 corresponding to the first invention.
- This alloy has the following properties: Cu—20.5% N i -9% F e -2.3% S i —8.5% M o -0.
- FIGS. 16 to 18 show a metal structure of gold according to Example 4 corresponding to the second invention. This alloy has Cu _ 22% Ni-5% Fe _ 7.3% Co-2.9% Si-9.
- FIG. 19 and FIG. 20 show a metal structure corresponding to Comparative Example 5 of the second invention.
- This alloy has a composition of Cu—16% Ni_5% Fe—7.3% Co—2.9% Si—6.2% Mo—1.5% Cr. , Cr, but not O, B.
- the hard particles are irregular in shape, and marked irregularities are observed on the surface of the hard particles (the interface with the matrix).
- Comparative Example 6 No. 1, No. 3, and No. 6 described as the invention alloy in Table 1 of Patent Document 3 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
- FIG. 21 shows test results for an alloy having a composition equivalent to that of the comparative example containing no B and Cr.
- This alloy has the basic composition of Cu—16.5% N i -2.3% S i—8.5% Mo—F e, and the Fe content is changed within the range of 7 to 13%. I have.
- the hardness of the hard particles in the forged material formed at 1600 ° C. was in the range of HV 820 to HV 500. Specifically, it was 11 v 820 when it was 7% -6, it was Hv 800 when it was 9% Fe, and it was nearly 11 V 500 when it was 13% 6.
- the hardness of the hard particles in the forged material formed at 1500 ° C. was in the range of HV720 to HV600. Specifically, a Hv 710 when the 7% F e is Hv 710 when the 9% F e is Hv 700 when the ll 0 / oF e, at 13% F e is, HV 600 near Had declined. 1
- the hardness gradient of hard particles differs between the hardened material manufactured at 500 ° C and the hardened material at 1600 ° C. It is presumed that the distribution of each element in the hard particles slightly changes depending on the temperature.
- the hardness of the matrix was HV220 to Hv180 for both the forged material fabricated at 1500 ° C and the forged material fabricated at 1600 ° C.
- the relationship between the Vickers hardness of the matrix at room temperature, the Vickers hardness of the hard particles at room temperature, and the amount of Fe was tested. (Load: 100 g).
- the Vickers hardness of the matrix and the Vickers hardness of the hard particles were determined using alloys having different amounts of Ni, Ni-Si, and Ni-Mo.
- FIG. 22 shows the results of this test.
- Fig. 22 shows the horizontal axis as Fe amount.
- the molten metal at 1600 ° C. was sucked into the pipe and solidified using a stainless steel pipe, as described above. Test specimens were formed. Microscopic observation of these specimens also revealed that the surface of the hard particles was smooth and that hard particles close to a circle (spherical shape) were formed.
- a melted material blended so as to have a target composition having a composition shown in No. a to No. d in Table 2 was melted in vacuum, and atomized powder was produced by spraying with argon gas. Then, use the atomized powder as overlay powder,
- a cladding layer was formed on the aluminum cylinder head by laser irradiation to form a laser clad pulp sheet.
- the test conditions were a laser beam output of 3.5 kW and a focal diameter of 2. 0 mm, machining feed rate is 900 mm, min, sinored gas is argon gas (flow rate 10 liter Zmin) And
- argon gas flow rate 10 liter Zmin
- the present invention can be used for build-up wear-resistant copper alloys requiring wear resistance.
- it can be used as a hardfacing wear-resistant copper alloy used for a valve sheet on the intake side or the exhaust side of an internal combustion engine using gasoline, diesel, natural gas, or the like as a fuel.
- it can be used for a build-up wear-resistant copper alloy characterized by being melt-solidified by a laser beam.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Lift Valve (AREA)
- Sliding Valves (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05709579.6A EP1726668B9 (en) | 2004-03-15 | 2005-01-26 | Wear-resistant copper alloy for overlaying and valve sheet |
US11/319,053 US7850795B2 (en) | 2004-03-15 | 2005-12-28 | Build-up wear-resistant copper alloy and valve seat |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2004072967A JP4494048B2 (ja) | 2004-03-15 | 2004-03-15 | 肉盛耐摩耗性銅合金及びバルブシート |
JP2004-072967 | 2004-03-15 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US11/319,053 Continuation US7850795B2 (en) | 2004-03-15 | 2005-12-28 | Build-up wear-resistant copper alloy and valve seat |
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WO2005087960A1 true WO2005087960A1 (ja) | 2005-09-22 |
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PCT/JP2005/001451 WO2005087960A1 (ja) | 2004-03-15 | 2005-01-26 | 肉盛耐摩耗性銅合金及びバルブシート |
Country Status (5)
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US (1) | US7850795B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1726668B9 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4494048B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100344781C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005087960A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US7757396B2 (en) * | 2006-07-27 | 2010-07-20 | Sanyo Special Steel Co., Ltd. | Raw material powder for laser clad valve seat and valve seat using the same |
KR100991626B1 (ko) * | 2007-10-18 | 2010-11-04 | 신토고교 가부시키가이샤 | 구리 합금 분말 및 그 제조 방법 |
JP5484899B2 (ja) * | 2008-03-31 | 2014-05-07 | 日本ピストンリング株式会社 | バルブシート用鉄基焼結合金及び内燃機関用バルブシート |
ES2418135T3 (es) * | 2009-02-17 | 2013-08-12 | Mec Holding Gmbh | Aleación resistente al desgaste |
JP5321158B2 (ja) * | 2009-03-10 | 2013-10-23 | 日産自動車株式会社 | レーザクラッドバルブシート用シート材及びレーザクラッドバルブシート形成方法 |
CN101775531B (zh) * | 2010-04-07 | 2011-06-22 | 朝阳鸿翔冶炼有限公司 | 镍钼铜合金及其制备方法 |
CN102031515B (zh) * | 2010-12-09 | 2012-07-11 | 华中科技大学 | 一种缸套内壁激光合金化工艺 |
US9303321B2 (en) | 2013-03-21 | 2016-04-05 | Caterpillar Inc. | Cladding composition with flux particles |
US10590812B2 (en) | 2014-02-10 | 2020-03-17 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Sliding mechanism |
JP2016041915A (ja) | 2014-08-18 | 2016-03-31 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関 |
CN104294269A (zh) * | 2014-10-08 | 2015-01-21 | 仪征威龙发动机零部件有限公司 | 一种气门座加工工艺 |
JP6396865B2 (ja) * | 2015-08-07 | 2018-09-26 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 耐摩耗性銅基合金 |
CN105537537A (zh) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-05-04 | 常熟市虞菱机械有限责任公司 | 一种燃气管道防爆阀的制造方法 |
JP6387988B2 (ja) | 2016-03-04 | 2018-09-12 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 耐摩耗性銅基合金 |
CN107201474B (zh) * | 2016-03-16 | 2022-05-06 | 优频科技材料股份有限公司 | 硬面合金材料 |
JP6724810B2 (ja) * | 2017-02-02 | 2020-07-15 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 耐摩耗部材及びその製造方法 |
JP6309700B1 (ja) * | 2017-03-28 | 2018-04-11 | 株式会社リケン | 焼結バルブシート |
EP3406865B1 (en) | 2017-03-28 | 2020-01-29 | Kabushiki Kaisha Riken | Sintered valve seat |
JP6675370B2 (ja) * | 2017-11-09 | 2020-04-01 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | 肉盛合金および肉盛部材 |
KR20210045856A (ko) * | 2019-10-17 | 2021-04-27 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 레이저 클래딩 밸브 시트용 구리 합금 |
KR20210077045A (ko) * | 2019-12-16 | 2021-06-25 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 레이저 클래딩 밸브시트용 구리계 합금 |
KR20210157552A (ko) * | 2020-06-22 | 2021-12-29 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 밸브 시트용 구리 합금 |
KR20210158659A (ko) * | 2020-06-24 | 2021-12-31 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 레이저 클래딩으로 제조된 엔진 밸브시트용 구리합금 |
CN114959686B (zh) * | 2022-05-27 | 2023-07-21 | 宜宾上交大新材料研究中心 | 一种激光熔覆粉末及在铝合金表面激光熔覆的方法 |
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JPH0717978B2 (ja) * | 1991-03-20 | 1995-03-01 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 自己潤滑性に優れる耐摩耗性銅基合金 |
JPH0610081A (ja) * | 1992-06-29 | 1994-01-18 | Toyota Motor Corp | 排気用チタンバルブを備えたエンジン |
JP3373076B2 (ja) | 1995-02-17 | 2003-02-04 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 耐摩耗性Cu基合金 |
JP3853100B2 (ja) * | 1998-02-26 | 2006-12-06 | 三井金属鉱業株式会社 | 耐摩耗性に優れた銅合金 |
AUPQ717700A0 (en) | 2000-04-28 | 2000-05-18 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | A method of annotating an image |
JP4114922B2 (ja) * | 2001-01-15 | 2008-07-09 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 耐摩耗性銅基合金 |
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- 2004-03-15 JP JP2004072967A patent/JP4494048B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-01-26 CN CNB2005800004463A patent/CN100344781C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-01-26 WO PCT/JP2005/001451 patent/WO2005087960A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-01-26 EP EP05709579.6A patent/EP1726668B9/en not_active Ceased
- 2005-12-28 US US11/319,053 patent/US7850795B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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JPH05140678A (ja) * | 1991-11-14 | 1993-06-08 | Toyota Motor Corp | 耐摩耗性に優れた肉盛銅基合金 |
JPH1096037A (ja) * | 1996-09-20 | 1998-04-14 | Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co Ltd | 耐摩耗性に優れた銅合金 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7850795B2 (en) | 2010-12-14 |
CN100344781C (zh) | 2007-10-24 |
EP1726668B9 (en) | 2015-07-01 |
US20060108029A1 (en) | 2006-05-25 |
EP1726668A1 (en) | 2006-11-29 |
JP4494048B2 (ja) | 2010-06-30 |
CN1806059A (zh) | 2006-07-19 |
EP1726668B1 (en) | 2015-02-25 |
JP2005256146A (ja) | 2005-09-22 |
EP1726668A4 (en) | 2009-05-20 |
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