WO2005071777A1 - 燃料電池用カソード及びこれを備えた固体高分子型燃料電池 - Google Patents
燃料電池用カソード及びこれを備えた固体高分子型燃料電池 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005071777A1 WO2005071777A1 PCT/JP2005/001155 JP2005001155W WO2005071777A1 WO 2005071777 A1 WO2005071777 A1 WO 2005071777A1 JP 2005001155 W JP2005001155 W JP 2005001155W WO 2005071777 A1 WO2005071777 A1 WO 2005071777A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- fuel cell
- oxygen
- power source
- polymer electrolyte
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/8605—Porous electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8825—Methods for deposition of the catalytic active composition
- H01M4/8828—Coating with slurry or ink
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
- H01M4/921—Alloys or mixtures with metallic elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
- H01M4/925—Metals of platinum group supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers
- H01M4/926—Metals of platinum group supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers on carbon or graphite
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1004—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel cell power source and a polymer electrolyte fuel cell provided with the power source.
- Polymer electrolyte fuel cells with polymer electrolyte membranes are easy to reduce in size and weight.
- the electrode reaction in each of the catalyst layers of the anode and the cathode of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell is performed at a three-phase interface (hereinafter, referred to as a reaction site) in which each reaction gas, a catalyst, and a fluorinated ion exchange resin (electrolyte) are simultaneously present. ). Therefore, in polymer electrolyte fuel cells, a catalyst such as a metal catalyst or a metal-supported catalyst (for example, a metal-supported carbon in which a metal catalyst such as platinum is supported on a car pump rack carrier having a large specific surface area) has conventionally been used. It is coated with a fluorine-containing ion exchange resin of the same or different type as the polymer electrolyte membrane, and is used as a constituent material of the catalyst layer. Are increasing.
- a sulfonic acid group having high ionic conductivity as represented by "Naphion” manufactured by DuPont and chemically stable under oxidizing and reducing atmospheres is used.
- Purf with A fluorocarbon polymer hereinafter referred to as a sulfonic acid type perf / leo-mouth carbon polymer) is used.
- the fluorinated ion exchange resin contained in the catalyst layer of the conventional force source has excellent ionic conductivity and chemical stability, it has insufficient oxygen gas permeability in the resin. Oxygen permeation in the catalyst layer was insufficient, and the overvoltage of the oxygen reduction reaction at the cathode became large, making it difficult to obtain high electrode characteristics.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-35441-29 discloses that a fluorine-containing ether / resin compound is mixed with a fluorine-containing ion-exchange resin for coating a catalyst and oxygen permeability in a catalyst layer of a cathode is mixed. Therefore, a polymer electrolyte fuel cell has been proposed that aims to reduce the cathode overvoltage.
- the oxygen permeability in the catalyst layer of the cathode is insufficient, and the overvoltage of the power source is reduced.
- the durability of the catalyst layer of the force source is insufficient, and the battery life is short.
- the preferred fluorinated ether compound is an oily low molecular weight compound, which gradually dissolves in the reaction product water during power generation or is released from the fluorinated ion exchange resin along with it. This is probably because the water is discharged from the catalyst layer together with the generated water.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-252001 discloses that an electrode catalyst layer of a fuel cell contains a polymer compound having high oxygen permeability and having substantially no ion exchange group. By doing so, it is disclosed that the electrode characteristics particularly at the cathode are improved.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-173775 discloses a solution of an oxygen transporting carrier containing a metal complex that specifically and reversibly binds to oxygen, simulating hemoglobin contained in blood. Is dispersed in a medium that is hydrophobic and has a low carbon dioxide dissolution rate.
- the membrane is formed into a membrane to form an oxygen selective permeable membrane, and the battery is provided with an air intake hole that communicates with the outside air.
- a gas diffusion electrode using oxygen as the active material is provided along
- a battery in which the above-mentioned oxygen selective permeable membrane is interposed between a gas intake hole and the air intake hole.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-55807 discloses an attempt to improve cell performance by increasing the air utilization rate by adding cerium oxide or the like as a co-catalyst to an electrode catalyst.
- Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-100038 discloses an attempt to increase the rate of oxygen reduction reaction by supporting cerium oxide on a platinum-supported carrier, thereby promoting a force-sword reaction.
- J ournalof Power S ources 1 1 5 (2 0 3) 4 0—4 3 has a high air utilization rate by mixing CeZrOx with the Pt / C catalyst layer to improve the battery performance. Attempts to improve are disclosed. Disclosure of the invention
- 2002-250201 discloses that the efficiency of reaction is increased by physically mixing a polymer having a high oxygen permeability coefficient, an electrolyte, and a catalyst.
- Oxygen requires a three-phase interface, and mere physical mixing does not allow a high oxygen-permeable polymer to be concentrated near the three-phase interface. Therefore, even if a high oxygen permeable material is used, its ability cannot be fully exerted. Consequently, the approach to the idea that electrode reactions take place at three-phase interfaces is not sufficient.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the related art, and has a force sword having excellent electrode characteristics with respect to an oxygen reduction reaction, and a solid polymer fuel having the same and capable of obtaining a high battery output.
- the purpose is to provide batteries.
- the present inventor has found that the above-mentioned problem is solved by securing a path through which oxygen molecules can be diffused on carbon using a specific material, and reached the present invention.
- the present invention relates to a fuel cell power source having a catalyst layer comprising a catalyst-supporting conductive carrier and a polymer electrolyte, wherein the catalyst-supporting conductive carrier is brought into contact with an oxygen storage / release member.
- a fuel cell power source characterized in that a catalyst is further supported or mixed.
- the catalyst is supported on the conductive carrier, and at the same time, the oxygen absorbing / releasing body in contact with the catalyst is further supported or mixed, the diffusion path of oxygen molecules to the catalyst surface is improved.
- the concentration of the reaction gas in the vicinity of the reaction site in the catalyst layer can be made higher than before. As a result, the exchange current density in the electrode reaction can be increased, and the oxygen overvoltage can be reduced. That is, high electrode characteristics can be obtained.
- the overvoltage of the oxygen reduction reaction of the power source can be effectively reduced, and the electrode characteristics of the cathode can be improved. Insufficiency of oxygen gas occurs especially during operation of the fuel cell, but the present invention can maintain high electrode characteristics even during long-time operation.
- the presence of nitrogen may cause a suppression of the electrode reaction.
- the oxygen absorbing / desorbing body in contact with the catalyst, diffusion of nitrogen gas is suppressed, a high oxygen concentration near the electrode is realized, and higher power generation performance can be obtained.
- the oxygen absorbing / releasing body used in the present invention is a material having a function of reversibly absorbing and releasing oxygen, and various materials are known. In the present invention, these Can be used.
- the oxygen absorbing / releasing body used in the present invention is a metal or a metal oxide that can repeatedly absorb and release oxygen depending on the fluctuation of the nearby oxygen concentration. That is, it is an oxide that can absorb oxygen in an oxidizing atmosphere having a relatively high o 2 concentration and release oxygen in a reducing atmosphere having a relatively low o 2 concentration. Specifically, it is an oxide number-variable metal oxide that absorbs and releases this oxygen by changing the oxidation number. For example, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, C u, Nb, Mo, Ta, W, Ce, Pr, and Nd metals, or oxides thereof. Of these, oxides of Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni are more preferred.
- a basic oxide that absorbs and releases this oxygen by adsorbing oxygen can also be used.
- an oxide of Zr, Y, an alkali metal, or an alkaline earth metal may be used.
- One or more compounds are preferably exemplified.
- the oxygen absorbing / releasing body is not limited to these.
- the amount of the oxygen absorber / desorber in the catalyst layer is preferably 5 to 16 wt% based on the total amount of the catalyst layer. Further, the total amount of the catalyst supported in the catalyst layer is preferably 30 wt% or less. As described above, by selecting a range having a high catalytic activity, the amount of noble metal used such as platinum can be reduced. As will be described later, in the present invention, a cell voltage equivalent to that of a conventional product can be generated even when the amount of platinum used is 1 to 2.
- the oxygen absorber preferably has an average particle diameter of 2 nm to 40 nm, and 2 ⁇ ! Most preferably, it is 55 nm.
- the oxygen absorbing / releasing substance having an average particle diameter on the low current density side is smaller than when using an oxygen absorbing / releasing substance having an average particle diameter on the order of microns. Battery performance (power generation efficiency) has improved.
- the oxygen absorbing Detai C e O 2, C e 0 2 - Z r 0 2, C E_ ⁇ 2 - Z r O 2 - Y 2 0 3, C e 0 2 - Z r O 2—
- one or more selected CeO 2 —parts are reduced to Ce 2 O 3 and used.
- the reduction treatment include treatment with a reducing gas such as hydrogen and treatment with a reducing liquid such as hydrazine.
- the polymer electrolyte mass in the catalyst layer / the amount of the carrier !: the dangling ratio (NZC) is preferably 0.8 or less, and the force S is most preferably 0.8 to 0.7.
- the battery performance power generation efficiency
- the desired battery performance power generation efficiency
- the high current density side because the oxygen absorber / desorber is flattened due to hydrophilicity.
- a new problem has arisen in that it cannot be obtained.
- the polymer electrolyte mass / carrier amount ratio (NZC) By setting the polymer electrolyte mass / carrier amount ratio (NZC) to 0.8 or less, flooding can be suppressed, and battery performance (power generation efficiency) can be improved in the entire current density region.
- water-repellent carbon As a carrier, flooding can be suppressed and battery performance (power generation efficiency) can be improved in all current density regions.
- the catalyst layer it is preferable to use, as the catalyst layer, one in which the pore volume is increased by performing a pore increasing treatment in the state of the catalyst ink.
- the pore addition treatment include, for example, a stirring treatment using an ultrasonic homogenizer.
- the pore volume (cc / g) of the catalyst layer determined by the nitrogen pore distribution method increases to 1.4 to 1.8 times the pore volume of the conventional catalyst layer. Treated is preferred.
- Battery performance power generation efficiency
- the catalyst layer may contain more oxygen absorbing / releasing substances on the electrolyte membrane side than on the diffusion layer side, and may or may not contain less oxygen absorbing / releasing substances on the diffusion layer side than on the electrolyte membrane side.
- tilt the oxygen absorber The layer may be arranged obliquely or may have a two-layer structure of a layer containing an oxygen absorber and a layer not containing an oxygen absorber. In this way, by changing the arrangement of the oxygen absorber, the oxygen absorber on the electrolyte membrane traps excess oxygen supplied from the outside and releases it when the consumption of oxygen by the catalyst increases.
- the oxygen utilization efficiency of the catalyst is improved. As a result, fluttering on the high current density side can be suppressed, and battery performance (power generation efficiency) can be improved in the entire current density region.
- the oxygen absorbing / releasing element of the present invention is substantially insoluble in aqueous solvents such as water and alcohol, it causes problems such as detachment from the conductor surface during long-term operation and discharge from the catalyst layer. It can be sufficiently prevented. As a result, the gas diffusion electrode of the present invention can obtain high electrode characteristics stably over a long period of time.
- a carbon powder or a fibrous carbon material is preferably used as the conductive carrier on which the catalyst and the oxygen absorber / desorber are supported or mixed.
- the present invention relates to a polymer electrolyte fuel cell having an anode, a force sword, and a polymer electrolyte membrane disposed between the anode and the force sword.
- This is a solid polymer fuel cell characterized by having a power source.
- the power source of the present invention having excellent electrode characteristics for the above-described oxygen reduction reaction, it becomes possible to configure a solid polymer fuel cell having a high battery output. Further, as described above, the power source of the present invention can sufficiently prevent the occurrence of flooding and has excellent durability. Batteries can obtain high battery output stably over a long period of time.
- the present invention relates to an invention of a method for operating a polymer electrolyte fuel cell having an anode, a power source, and a polymer electrolyte membrane disposed between the anode and the power source.
- the fuel cell power source described above is used as the cathode.
- C E_ ⁇ 2 is oxygen absorbing Detai, C e O 2 - Z R_ ⁇ 2, C e O 2 - Z r O 2 - Y 2 O 3, C e 0 2 - Z r O 2 - and granted the previous operation of one or more that will be selected from the rare earth oxides and / or operating in regular hydrogen gas Panoresu manner, C e 0 2 - the process of reducing the parts to C e 2 0 3 It is something to give.
- the battery on the full current density side is lower than when the oxygen absorber is not reduced before and during operation or periodically during operation. Performance (power generation efficiency) is improved.
- a system that pulsates hydrogen through a power source mixed with an oxygen absorbing / desorbing body can suppress generated water retention, reduce flooding, and exhibit high performance in the entire current density region.
- pulse-like specifically means that hydrogen gas, which is a reducing gas, is applied once every few minutes for several seconds before and during operation of the fuel cell.
- FIG. 1 shows a conceptual diagram of the catalytic electrode reaction in the conventional (1) force sword.
- FIG. 1A is at the beginning of the reaction or when the output is low, and
- FIG. 1B is when the output is high.
- Fig. 2 shows a conceptual diagram of the catalytic electrode reaction with the conventional (2) force source.
- FIG. 3 shows a conceptual diagram of the catalytic electrode reaction using the force source of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 shows voltage-current density curves of Example 11 and Comparative Example 1-1.
- FIG. 5 shows the cell voltages of Example 2-1 and Comparative Examples 2-1 and 2-2 when the film thickness was changed.
- FIG. 6 shows the Senor voltages of Example 2-2 and Comparative Examples 2-1 and 2-2 when the platinum catalyst loading density was changed.
- FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram of a system for periodically circulating H 2 before or during operation. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- FIG. 1 shows a conceptual diagram of the catalytic electrode reaction using the force source of the conventional technology (1).
- FIG. 1A shows the beginning of the reaction or when the output is low and requires little oxygen, so the oxygen supply is maintained near the catalyst by normal diffusion.
- oxygen molecules that have diffused near the catalyst react with protons and electrons according to the following formula to produce water molecules.
- FIG. 1B shows when the output has increased, consuming a large amount of oxygen1 ⁇ . Therefore, the oxygen partial pressure near the catalyst is extremely reduced. The only way to carry out the reaction is to wait for the oxygen of ⁇ to diffuse, which leads to a decrease in power generation characteristics.
- Fig. 2 shows the concept (2) of the catalytic electrode reaction using the force source of the prior art (2). In the vicinity of the catalyst supported conductive carbon, C e 0 2 In example embodiment as an oxygen storage Detai has been carried on also on the conductive carbon. When the fuel cell is operated in the low power range, the amount of oxygen consumed by the catalyst is small, and the oxygen concentration near the oxygen storage / release body is high, so that excess oxygen is stored in the oxygen storage / release body.
- FIG. 3 shows a conceptual diagram of the catalytic electrode reaction using the force source of the present invention.
- Catalyst A is a power source reaction
- Catalyst B promotes the oxygen storage and release of the oxygen storage and release body.
- the amount of oxygen consumed by the catalyst is small, and the oxygen concentration near the oxygen absorber / desorber is high, so that the excess Oxygen is stored efficiently.
- the fuel cell is operated at high output, the amount of oxygen consumed by the catalyst is large, and the oxygen concentration near the oxygen absorber / desorber is reduced, so that oxygen is efficiently released from the oxygen absorber / desorber. .
- the fuel cell performance is further improved. As described above, since oxygen is released from the vicinity of the Pt electrode catalyst, oxygen is supplied to the Pt catalyst without being affected by gas diffusion in the catalyst layer, so that the output of the fuel cell is improved.
- the electrode reaction proceeds at a site called a three-phase interface where the reaction gas, catalyst, and electrolyte associate.
- Supplying oxygen to the three-phase interface is one important topic.
- the output of the battery is increased, a large amount of oxygen is required for the reaction, and if there is no oxygen near the catalyst, the power generation characteristics are rapidly reduced.
- high-concentration oxygen is supplied.
- the actual reaction takes place at the three-phase interface (.near the catalyst), so oxygen is supplied here. If you don't have it, you can't fully demonstrate its capabilities.
- oxygen consumption on the catalyst surface increases, but the diffusion rate of oxygen from the outside to the catalyst surface hardly changes.
- the power source of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell according to the present invention includes a catalyst layer, and preferably includes a catalyst layer and a gas diffusion layer disposed adjacent to the catalyst layer.
- a constituent material of the gas diffusion layer for example, a porous body having electron conductivity (for example, carbon paper or carbon paper) is used.
- An oxygen absorber is present in the catalyst layer of the power source, and the electrode reaction speed of the power source is improved by reducing the overvoltage for the oxygen reduction reaction in the power source.
- the content of the oxygen absorber / desorber contained in the catalyst layer is determined by It is preferably from 0.1 to 50% by mass, more preferably from 1 to 40% by mass, based on the total amount of the body and the polymer electrolyte.
- the content of the oxygen absorber / desorber exceeds 50% by mass, the content of the fluorine-containing ion-exchange resin contained in the catalyst layer is relatively reduced, and as a result, the effective content of the catalyst layer is reduced. It is difficult to obtain high electrode characteristics because the number of reaction sites functioning at the same time is reduced.
- the catalyst contained in the catalyst-carrying conductor of the power source of the present invention is not particularly limited, but platinum or a platinum alloy is preferable. Further, the catalyst contained in the catalyst-carrying conductor is preferably carried on an electrically conductive carrier.
- the support is not particularly limited, but is preferably a carbon material having a specific surface area of 200 m 2 / g or less. For example, carbon black and activated carbon are preferably used.
- the polymer electrolyte contained in the catalyst layer of the present invention is preferably a fluorinated ion exchange resin, particularly preferably a sulfonic acid type perfluorocarbon polymer.
- the sulfonic acid type perfluoro-mouthed carbon polymer enables chemically stable and rapid proton conduction for a long time in the cathode.
- the thickness of the catalyst layer of the power source of the present invention may be the same as that of a normal gas diffusion electrode, and is preferably 1 to: ⁇ , and more preferably 3 to 50 ⁇ . Is more preferable.
- the overvoltage of the oxygen reduction reaction of the power source is usually much larger than the overvoltage of the hydrogen oxidation reaction at the anode, so the vicinity of the reaction site in the catalyst layer of the cathode as described above It is effective to improve the electrode characteristics of the cathode by increasing the oxygen concentration of the electrolyte to effectively use the reaction site and improve the output characteristics of the battery.
- the configuration of the anode is not particularly limited, and may have, for example, the configuration of a known gas diffusion electrode.
- the polymer electrolyte membrane used in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is an ion-exchange membrane exhibiting good ion conductivity in a wet state.
- the solid polymer material constituting the polymer electrolyte membrane include a perfluorocarbon polymer having a sulfonic acid group, a polysulfone resin, and a perfluorocarbon polymer having a phosphonic acid group or a carboxylic acid group. Can be used.
- the polymer electrolyte membrane may be made of the same resin as the fluorinated ion exchange resin contained in the catalyst layer, or may be made of a different resin.
- the catalyst layer of the force source of the present invention is prepared in advance using a conductive support having a catalyst and an oxygen absorbing / desorbing substance supported thereon, and a coating solution in which a polymer electrolyte is dissolved or dispersed in a solvent or a dispersion medium. can do.
- it can be prepared by using a coating solution in which a catalyst-supporting conductive carrier, a polymer electrolyte, and an oxygen absorber / desorber are dissolved or dispersed in a solvent or a dispersion medium.
- a solvent or dispersion medium used here for example, alcohol, fluorinated alcohol, fluorinated ether and the like can be used.
- a catalyst layer is formed by applying the coating liquid to a carbon cloth or the like that becomes an ion exchange membrane or a gas diffusion layer.
- the catalyst layer can also be formed on the ion exchange membrane by coating the above-mentioned coating solution on a separately prepared base material to form a coating layer and transferring the coating layer onto the ion exchange membrane.
- the catalyst layer when the catalyst layer is formed on the gas diffusion layer, it is preferable to bond the catalyst layer and the ion exchange membrane by an adhesion method, a hot press method, or the like.
- the cathode When the catalyst layer is formed on the ion-exchange membrane, the cathode may be constituted only by the catalyst layer, but a gas diffusion layer may be further arranged adjacent to the catalyst layer to form a force source. .
- a separator in which a gas flow path is normally formed is placed outside the force sword.
- a gas containing hydrogen is supplied to the anode in the flow path, and a gas containing oxygen is supplied to the force sword.
- a molecular fuel cell is constructed.
- Z r O 2 composite oxide - C e 0 2 as an oxygen-absorbing polishes.
- Printex XE 2 B is used as carbon, and platinum is supported on carbon by impregnation of chloroplatinic acid.
- platinum-carrying carbon ? 1; 5 ⁇ 1:% responsible lifting the C e ⁇ 2 - Z r O 2 composite oxide by mixing 2 0 wt%, to prepare a catalyst.
- the following power generation evaluation test was performed using a single cell having an electrode area of 12.96 cm 2 .
- Figure 4 shows the evaluation results. From the results shown in FIG. 4, it can be seen that the fuel cell using the electrode carrying the oxygen absorber / desorber in contact with the catalyst of the present invention has a lower current than the comparative example using the electrode not carrying the oxygen absorber / desorber. On the density side, it can be seen that the power generation performance is superior to the comparative example in which no oxygen absorbing / desorbing substance is added.
- An electrode having a film thickness of 6 mi 1 was prepared using a PtFe (60 wt%)-supported carbon catalyst.
- a commercially available PtFe (60 wt%)-supported carbon catalyst is suspended, and a reducing agent (such as an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide) is added dropwise to the suspension to remove cerium, zirconium, and nitrite. Palladium hydroxide was supported on carbon.
- a reducing agent such as an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide
- the catalyst ink was cast on a Teflon resin film (thickness: 3 mi 1), dried, and cut into 13 (cm 2 ).
- MEA was prepared by hot pressing on the electrolyte membrane.
- the MEA was assembled to the cell and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the above (2) to (4) are operations for converting the catalyst particle diameter to nano-order.
- TEM confirmed that the average particle size of the catalyst was 10 nm.
- An electrode was prepared by physically mixing 20 wt% of Pt (60 wt%) supported carbon with 5 wt% of Pt supported Ce—Zr_O x powder.
- a PtFe (60 t%) supported carbon catalyst was used.
- Table 1 below shows the composition of each catalyst, and Table 2 shows the activity evaluation results.
- the average particle size is 2 n n!
- the catalyst ink is cast on a Teflon resin film (thickness: 6 mi 1), dried, and cut into 13 (cm 2 ).
- MEA was prepared by hot pressing on the electrolyte membrane.
- An electrode was prepared by mixing 20 wt% of Pt Fe (60 wt%) supported carbon with Pt 5 wt% supported Ce—Zr-Ox powder. This is the same as Example 4 except that (3) hydrogen reduction treatment is not performed.
- a PtFe (60 wt%) supported carbon catalyst was used.
- Table 3 shows the composition of each catalyst, and Table 4 shows the activity evaluation results.
- MEA was prepared by hot pressing on the electrolyte membrane.
- An electrode of NZC 0.5 was prepared by mixing Pt 5 wt% supported Ce—Zr—O powder with 20 wt% of PtFe (60 wt%) supported carbon catalyst. (Comparative Example 5-3)
- a hydrophilic functional group is introduced into carbon to add an acid washing step.
- Table 7 below shows the composition of each catalyst, and Table 8 shows the activity evaluation results.
- the catalyst ink was cast on a Teflon resin film (thickness: 6 mi 1), dried, and cut into 13 (cm 2 ).
- MEA was prepared by hot pressing on the electrolyte membrane.
- the pore volume of the catalyst layer measured by the nitrogen pore distribution method was 0.080 cc ng.
- the catalyst layer (with a Teflon resin film) after casting and drying was treated with 30 (cm 2 ) They were cut out and cut into 0.5 cm X 0.5 cm.
- a PtFe (60 wt%) supported carbon catalyst was used.
- Pt 5 wt% supported Ce—Zr—Ox powder was not added.
- the pore volume was 0.0052 cc Zg.
- Table 9 shows the composition of each catalyst, and Table 10 shows the activity evaluation results.
- Example 8 According to the following procedure, a Pt Fe (60 wt%)-supported carbon catalyst supported a Pt 5 wt% -supported Ce—Zr-OX powder (20 wt% based on the catalyst). %) On the electrolyte membrane side.
- the catalyst ink was cast (thickness: 3 mi 1) on a teflon resin film and dried.
- An electrode having a film thickness of 6 mi 1 was prepared using a carbon catalyst supported by PtFe (60 wt%). This is Comparative Example 8-1, which does not contain Pt 5 wt% supported Ce—Zr—Y—Ox powder.
- Table 11 shows the composition of each catalyst, and Table 12 shows the activity evaluation results.
- Cathode electrode prepared by mixing PtFe (60 wt%) supported carbon with Pt 5 wt% supported Ce—Zr—Ox powder to catalyst 20 wt% by the following procedure As shown in Fig. 7, a system for periodically circulating H2 before or during operation was constructed.
- the catalyst ink was cast (thickness: 6 mi 1) on a PTFE resin film, dried, and cut into 13 (cm 2 ).
- MEA was prepared by hot pressing on the electrolyte membrane.
- Table 13 below shows the composition of each catalyst, and Table 14 shows the activity evaluation results. Table 13
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Abstract
Description
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EP05704208A EP1708299A1 (en) | 2004-01-22 | 2005-01-21 | Cathode for fuel cell and solid polymer fuel cell having same |
US10/582,342 US20080280165A1 (en) | 2004-01-22 | 2005-01-21 | Fuel Cell Cathode and a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Having the Same |
JP2005517326A JP4349368B2 (ja) | 2004-01-22 | 2005-01-21 | 燃料電池用カソード及びこれを備えた固体高分子型燃料電池 |
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KR20170009911A (ko) | 2014-05-26 | 2017-01-25 | 쇼와 덴코 가부시키가이샤 | 산소 환원 촉매 |
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- 2005-01-21 US US10/582,342 patent/US20080280165A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-01-21 EP EP05704208A patent/EP1708299A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-01-21 JP JP2005517326A patent/JP4349368B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-01-21 WO PCT/JP2005/001155 patent/WO2005071777A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2005-01-21 CN CNA2005800016348A patent/CN1906783A/zh active Pending
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KR101397020B1 (ko) * | 2007-11-20 | 2014-05-21 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 연료전지용 전극촉매, 그 제조방법, 상기 전극촉매를포함하는 전극을 구비한 연료전지 |
KR20170009911A (ko) | 2014-05-26 | 2017-01-25 | 쇼와 덴코 가부시키가이샤 | 산소 환원 촉매 |
Also Published As
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JPWO2005071777A1 (ja) | 2007-09-06 |
JP4349368B2 (ja) | 2009-10-21 |
EP1708299A1 (en) | 2006-10-04 |
US20080280165A1 (en) | 2008-11-13 |
CN1906783A (zh) | 2007-01-31 |
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