WO2005056155A1 - Procede d'extraction et appareil associe - Google Patents

Procede d'extraction et appareil associe Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005056155A1
WO2005056155A1 PCT/CN2004/000161 CN2004000161W WO2005056155A1 WO 2005056155 A1 WO2005056155 A1 WO 2005056155A1 CN 2004000161 W CN2004000161 W CN 2004000161W WO 2005056155 A1 WO2005056155 A1 WO 2005056155A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
extraction
tank
water
liquid
extract
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2004/000161
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Peisheng Cao
Original Assignee
Peisheng Cao
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Peisheng Cao filed Critical Peisheng Cao
Priority to EP04716199.7A priority Critical patent/EP1704907B1/en
Priority to US10/580,061 priority patent/US7892579B2/en
Priority to JP2006543343A priority patent/JP4447608B2/ja
Publication of WO2005056155A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005056155A1/zh

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D11/00Solvent extraction
    • B01D11/02Solvent extraction of solids
    • B01D11/0261Solvent extraction of solids comprising vibrating mechanisms, e.g. mechanical, acoustical
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L27/00Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L27/10Natural spices, flavouring agents or condiments; Extracts thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L27/00Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L27/10Natural spices, flavouring agents or condiments; Extracts thereof
    • A23L27/11Natural spices, flavouring agents or condiments; Extracts thereof obtained by solvent extraction
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/105Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L5/00Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
    • A23L5/30Physical treatment, e.g. electrical or magnetic means, wave energy or irradiation
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L5/00Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
    • A23L5/30Physical treatment, e.g. electrical or magnetic means, wave energy or irradiation
    • A23L5/32Physical treatment, e.g. electrical or magnetic means, wave energy or irradiation using phonon wave energy, e.g. sound or ultrasonic waves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an extraction method and a device thereof, in particular to a method and a device for extracting using a principle of non-linear vibration and critical extraction, which can be applied to the extraction of traditional Chinese medicine and plants. Background technique
  • Traditional Chinese medicine is a traditional Chinese medicine. Preventing and treating diseases with traditional Chinese medicine has a long history in China.
  • the World Health Organization also recommends the use of traditional Chinese medicine to countries, hoping that people can eat safe, efficient, fast-acting and convenient Chinese medicine.
  • Traditional Chinese medicine has been difficult to register, legally sell and use in the international market.
  • Some active substances in medicine can only extract some effective ingredients. The rest of the active ingredients are destroyed, lost or left in the residue during the production process, which not only affects the extraction rate of traditional Chinese medicine and causes environmental pollution, but also causes shortcomings such as unstable efficacy, poor product color and taste, and unstable internal quality.
  • C0 2 is generally preferred for supercritical extraction. Its basic principle is: the critical temperature (Tc) of C0 2 is 31.05 ° C and the critical pressure (Pc) is 7.38 MPa. When it is above this critical point, C0 2 has both gas and Liquid dual characteristics. It is similar to gas, its viscosity is similar to gas, and it is similar to liquid. Its density is similar to liquid. It is an excellent solvent. The interactions and diffusions between the daughters dissolve many substances.
  • Tc critical temperature
  • Pc critical pressure
  • supercritical co 2 can dissolve substances from the matrix to form a supercritical co 2 load phase, and then reduce the pressure or increase the temperature, the solubility of supercritical co 2 decreases, and these substances precipitate (resolve), and co 2 separation, so as to achieve the purpose of extraction and separation. Because different substances have different solubility in co 2 or the same substance has different dissolution conditions under different pressures and temperatures, this extraction and separation process has higher selectivity.
  • supercritical CO 2 extraction also has disadvantages that are difficult to overcome.
  • the cost of this extraction method is relatively high. Because 0) 2 works in a supercritical state, a high-power air compressor must be used to compress the CO 2 gas, and the entire extraction process is continued, which results in power and energy consumption. Large quantities and high costs.
  • the gases under high pressure are dangerous, leading to operational safety issues.
  • the solubility of supercritical co 2 is still not as large as that of liquid, which makes the production efficiency of this extraction method relatively low.
  • supercritical extraction technology is more suitable for the extraction of a single component, but it cannot guarantee the extraction of a complete single component, so it is not suitable for the extraction of all components of traditional Chinese medicine or plants.
  • the traditional high-temperature extraction method whether it is water extraction or alcohol extraction, will destroy some of the original active substances in the drug, and may cause some toxic and side effects.
  • the supercritical extraction technology cannot guarantee the complete extraction of a single component or the extraction of a full component, so there are certain limitations in this regard.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide an extraction method, which can extract traditional Chinese medicine or plants at normal temperature, which not only guarantees the biological activity of traditional Chinese medicine or plant components, but also can realize the extraction of almost all components of traditional Chinese medicine or plants.
  • Existing extraction processes have the disadvantage of destroying the biological activity of some components or can only perform partial extraction, and can be widely applied to the extraction of effective ingredients in the fields of traditional Chinese medicine, chemical engineering, food and the like.
  • the method provided by the present invention uses non-linear vibration critical extraction to promote the dissolution and emulsification of substances in water.
  • the basic principle is that under a certain pressure, water will be in a critical state.
  • the non-linear vibration device will cause water to fluctuate at different frequencies and with different amplitudes. Because water absorbs different substances at different frequencies, this makes it at this time.
  • Water can have high solubility for different substances, not only can dissolve water-soluble substances, but also promote the emulsification of fat-soluble substances, so as to be extracted.
  • the frequency range of 18KHZ-33KHz can already be used to extract almost all of the raw material components, so it can be applied to the extraction of various raw materials such as Chinese medicine (including animal drugs) and plants, and it can also be any suitable for using the present invention.
  • the substances extracted by the method have a wide range of applications. Therefore, the method provided by the present invention can be applied to the preparation of traditional Chinese medicine preparations or tablets to achieve the standardization and standardization of traditional Chinese medicine, and can also be applied to the extraction of plant juices and the extraction of active ingredients of animals, which relates to traditional Chinese medicine, health products, food and Cosmetics and other industries have important practical application value.
  • extraction is performed by putting water in a critical state under high pressure conditions, and the pressure can be maintained constant during the extraction process and can also be changed within a certain range.
  • the high pressure is beneficial for the wall-breaking treatment of the substance, and makes the substance easy to dissolve.
  • the extraction method of the present invention includes the following steps:
  • the raw materials are crushed, soaked, and installed in an extraction device. Under the conditions of 25MPa-35MPa pressure and 0 ° C-50 ° C, under the condition of non-linear vibration in the frequency range of 18KHz-33KHz, extraction is performed with water as the solvent, and then the Extract containing active ingredients of raw materials.
  • the crushing and soaking process of the raw materials are for the convenience of extraction.
  • the crushing can be rough treatment and the size is moderate.
  • the soaking time varies with the raw materials and the degree of crushing. It is advisable to completely soak the raw materials with water.
  • the extraction temperature is preferably 20 ° C-50 ° C, that is, performed at a low temperature (relative to the temperature in the prior art). Because low-temperature extraction can not only ensure the biological activity of the components, but also save the traditional heat treatment process, it has certain advancement.
  • the mass ratio of the raw material to the water solvent is 1: 3-5. Compared with the ratio of the raw material to the water solvent 1: 10 in the traditional water extraction method, it can save a lot of water resources during the extraction process, and save a lot of organic solvent ethanol compared to the alcohol extraction method. Use, and reduce the concentration and drying time or dealcoholization steps in subsequent processes, can greatly reduce costs.
  • the extraction time is 1 to 3 hours, preferably 2 hours.
  • the method of the invention adopts nonlinear vibration and critical high pressure conditions, which can greatly enhance the solubility of water and increase the extraction rate. Almost all components can be completely extracted from drugs or plants in a short extraction time, compared with the traditional long Time cooking has high extraction efficiency.
  • the extract obtained by the method of the present invention has been sterilized due to nonlinear vibration and critical high pressure treatment.
  • it can be directly packed in liquid, or concentrated and dried to make capsules, injections, powders, Oral liquid or other suitable packaging.
  • the method of the present invention can dissolve water-soluble and emulsified fat-soluble substances, it is suitable for the extraction of various substances, that is, the raw materials can be Chinese medicine (including animal medicine) or plants, or even any substance suitable for extraction using the method of the present invention.
  • the method of the present invention can not only extract almost all components of traditional Chinese medicine, but also extract the juice of plants (including fruits), the extraction of effective ingredients in animals, and can be widely used in the processing industry of traditional Chinese medicine (including health products), Chemical, food and other fields.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an extraction device capable of performing non-linear vibration critical extraction, which includes an extraction tank having a tank body and a top cover, a sealing structure for sealing the tank body and the top cover, and A pipe interface capable of inputting water and outputting extraction liquid to the tank body; characterized in that the device also has a high pressure pump connected to the extraction tank to keep the inside of the extraction tank at a high pressure below 10 OMpa; a raw material tank and a vibration frequency are set inside the extraction tank A non-linear vibration device in the range of 18KHz-33KHz; the top cover is provided with an air outlet and a wire connection hole, the air outlet is connected to a sealing valve, and the non-linear vibration device and the non-linear vibration device can be connected through the wire connection hole.
  • the external power source of the extraction tank is connected, a water supply system is connected to the pipe interface of the input water to input water to the extraction tank, a material pump and a material liquid tank are connected to the extraction tank through the pipeline interface of the extraction liquid. connection.
  • the high-pressure pump is a conventionally known technology, which can maintain high pressure in the extraction tank, so that the water is in a critical state, and the non-linear vibration device in the extraction tank emits non-linear vibration when the water is in a critical state.
  • the raw materials are dissolved and extracted from all components. Due to the setting of the air vents, the gas can be easily discharged and entered, so that the extraction liquid can be discharged more fully and conveniently.
  • the setting of the wire connection holes can ensure sealing and insulation.
  • the non-linear vibration device is connected to an external power source, so that the non-linear vibration device is directly immersed in the liquid, and then the non-linear vibration is performed.
  • the non-linear vibrating device may be arranged as a string composed of a plurality of non-linear vibrators, and the axes of adjacent non-linear vibrators are perpendicular to each other on different surfaces.
  • the non-linear vibrator has two ends, and the end has an output curved surface.
  • a vibrating piece is provided between the two ends of the head, an insulating layer is provided outside the vibrating piece, and a wire connects the vibrating piece and the external power source of the extraction tank.
  • This type of vibration device can achieve non-linear vibration of the liquid and raw materials in the extraction tank uniformly and sufficiently.
  • a circulation pump for circulating the liquid in the extraction tank may be provided outside the tank body to circulate the liquid to ensure uniform and rapid extraction.
  • a temperature control device is provided on the outside of the extraction tank to keep the temperature in the extraction tank at 20 ° C to 50 ° C, so as to ensure that the extraction is performed at a normal temperature range, which is more conducive to the extraction of fat-soluble substances.
  • the present invention can provide a purified water system to the aforementioned device of the present invention. Therefore, another extraction device provided by the present invention further includes a water processor, a water storage tank, and a water pump for supplying water to the extraction tank. In another preferred mode of the present invention, a concentration system is provided to further concentrate the extraction liquid in the extraction tank, so as to satisfy the subsequent processing of the product.
  • an ultrasonic atomization device which includes an air filter provided on the top, an atomization chamber in the middle, a gas collection chamber and an exhaust fan located below the atomization chamber, A plurality of ultrasonic generators are provided in the atomization chamber, and a liquid inlet for inputting the extraction liquid and a liquid outlet for discharging the concentrated liquid are provided on the side wall of the atomization chamber.
  • Non-linear vibration conditions may be based on the aforementioned patents of the inventor to prepare a non-linear vibration device to achieve the aforementioned frequency range, which is a non-linear vibration of ultrasonic waves.
  • the use of ultrasonic vibration to break materials and promote dissolution is a well-known prior art.
  • High pressure is also a technology that can be achieved under existing conditions.
  • the physical properties of water in the critical state are also the prior art.
  • the advantage of the present invention is that using the principles of ultrasonic nonlinear vibration, critical water structure change, and supercritical extraction in the prior art, water can be used as a solvent under high pressure and normal temperature conditions to perform nonlinear vibration.
  • the plant's active ingredients are extracted from almost all components, which not only retains the advantages of supercritical CO 2 extraction, but also overcomes its unsolvable defects.
  • the extraction rate of the method and device of the present invention is greatly improved.
  • the method and device of the invention can make water-soluble and fat-soluble components in traditional Chinese medicine or plants can be extracted with water at normal temperature, and almost all components can be extracted, thereby greatly improving product yield and resource utilization.
  • the method and device of the present invention extract at normal temperature, which can perfectly preserve the effective ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine or plants without being destroyed, and is especially suitable for the extraction of those components that are highly sensitive to heat and easy to be oxidized and destroyed, while retaining the original taste of the raw materials. It overcomes the bitter taste that may be caused by carbonization of the traditional Chinese medicine prepared by the traditional Chinese medicine boiling method or water extraction and alcohol extraction heating reflux method, and has important value in practical application.
  • the method and device of the present invention use water as a solvent, which can eliminate the dealcoholization process or
  • the separation step from the fluid in the supercritical fluid extraction method not only reduces the production process and saves costs, but also it is impossible for the water solvent to cause any chemical change to the traditional Chinese medicine or plants, which fully guarantees that the active ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicine or plants are not damaged.
  • the method and device of the present invention use water as the solvent. Compared with supercritical CO 2 , the solubility of water is much greater than super critical CO 2 , thereby improving the extraction rate and the production efficiency. Advancement.
  • the method and device of the present invention use water as the solvent. Compared with supercritical CO 2 , it does not require a high-pressure air compressor to operate in the entire extraction process, saving production costs, and because of the incompressibility of water, The high-pressure treatment is far easier to compress the gas, the energy consumption is only a few tenths of the existing technology, and the entire production process is easier to operate.
  • the method and device of the present invention use water as a solvent. Compared with the supercritical 03 2 extraction method, because the gas has a certain degree of danger under high pressure, the method of the present invention has more reliable safety.
  • the method of the invention has a simple production process, convenient operation, saving labor and a large amount of organic solvents, and reducing pollution of the three wastes.
  • the integration of charging, water feeding, extraction and concentration of the device of the present invention is not only conducive to the implementation of the GMP standard, but also has a small volume.
  • the volume of the extraction tank is about 140L, which is equivalent to the output of a 1-ton tank in the existing production technology.
  • the method and device of the present invention also have anti-oxidation and sterilization effects due to the critical extraction under high pressure, which is conducive to ensuring and improving product quality.
  • a product comes out of an extraction tank, it can basically be used as a finished product. Subsequent concentration and drying procedures.
  • the method and device of the present invention use water as the solvent, the water-soluble and fat-soluble components in the raw materials can be extracted by using non-linear vibration and critical high-pressure extraction. Therefore, a variety of raw materials can be extracted, including traditional Chinese medicine (plant medicine). And animal drugs) and plants, and even any substance suitable for extraction using the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is an assembled plan view of an embodiment of an extraction device of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view of an extraction tank of an extraction device
  • FIG. 3 is a top view of the extraction tank shown in FIG. 2;
  • Figure 4 is a front view of the connection between the barrel and the vibrator
  • Figure 5 is a sectional view of a magnetic pump
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a nonlinear vibration device
  • FIG. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of vibration ultrasonic atomization
  • FIG. 9 is a front view of the nonlinear vibration extraction device shown in FIG. 1;
  • Figure 10 is a liquid chromatogram of a ferulic acid reference substance
  • FIG. 11 is a liquid chromatogram of the first extraction liquid using the method and device of the present invention
  • FIG. 12 is a liquid chromatogram of the second extraction liquid using the method and device of the present invention
  • FIG. 13 is extraction using ethanol reflux heating method Liquid chromatogram
  • Fig. 14 is a liquid chromatogram of an extract solution obtained by applying the method and the device of the present invention to extracting the drug residue, followed by water washing and alcohol extraction.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an assembly of an extraction device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the extraction device can be roughly divided into a water supply system, an extraction system, and a concentration system.
  • the device of this embodiment is set according to the GMP standard requirements.
  • the water supply system provides the extraction system with water that meets the extraction requirements. It consists of a water processor 1, a water storage tank 2, a water pump 3, and so on.
  • the filtering device, water sources such as tap water, etc. enter the water processor 1 through the water inlet 4 and after purification, enter the water storage tank 2, which can be input into the extraction tank 5 through the water pump 3.
  • the extraction system can realize full-component extraction of the raw materials placed in the extraction tank 5 under the conditions of high pressure of 25MPa-35Mpa and nonlinear vibration in the range of 18KHz-33KHz.
  • the required components are extracted to form the extraction.
  • Liquid which includes an extraction tank 5 capable of withstanding a pressure of 100 MPa, a high pressure pump 6, a material pump 7, a material liquid tank 8, an inner cylinder 23, a non-linear vibration device 24 and an air compressor 32, etc.
  • the high pressure pump 6 is connected to a storage tank Between 2 and the extraction tank 5, it can pump high-pressure water into the extraction tank 5, so that the pressure in the closed extraction tank 5 reaches a predetermined value.
  • the extraction tank 5 is the main equipment for realizing the non-linear vibration critical extraction method of the present invention. Only when the conditions of normal temperature, high pressure and nonlinear vibration are realized in the extraction tank 5 can the raw materials placed therein be subjected to normal temperature full-component extraction. As shown in FIG. 2, its structure has a cylindrical tank body 9, a top cover 10, a sealing washer 19 and two semicircular ring-shaped clamp members 11. The two clamp members 22 are tightly connected by bolts. The tank body 9 and the top cover 10 can be fastened, so as to achieve the sealing of the extraction tank 5. In order to meet the requirements that the tank body 9 can withstand high pressure, the tank body 9 is forged with high-strength low-alloy steel and made by welding.
  • the inner wall of the tank body 9 is provided with a layer of stainless steel lining 12.
  • Four pipe connections N4, N5, N6 and N7 are radially symmetrically arranged near the upper and lower ends of the side wall of the tank 9; water or other liquid purified by the water supply system can be input into the extraction tank 5 through the water pump 3 through the interface N7
  • the interface N6 can be used to discharge the extract.
  • a tee 13 is provided on the external pipe of each interface, and a magnetic pump 14 is also provided between the two tees 13.
  • FIG. 5 shows the structure of the magnetic pump 14, which can promote the extraction tank 5
  • the internal high-pressure liquid circulates between the tank body 9, the connection and the external pipeline.
  • the top cover 10 covers the top of the tank body 9 and is made of stainless steel, and its outer diameter is approximately equal.
  • the tank body 9 is provided with an air outlet hole N1, a wire connection hole N2, a pressure gauge connection hole N3, and a lifting lug 21 located at a central portion thereof through the upper and lower surfaces thereof.
  • the wire connection hole N2 can introduce external power into the extraction tank 5 through the hole under the condition of ensuring insulation and pressure tightness;
  • the pressure gauge on the top cover 10 directly connects with the inside of the extraction tank 5 through the pressure gauge connection hole N3 Connected, the pressure gauge can display the pressure value inside the extraction tank 5 in real time.
  • the cross section of the clamp member 11 has a side U shape, and has two ear portions 20 on the side ear portions 20.
  • a through hole through which a bolt can pass is provided.
  • the clamp member 11 can be radially displaced relative to the tank body 9, when the two clamps are The pieces 11 are respectively moved toward the center of the tank, and the side ears 20 are opposed to each other.
  • the side ears 20 can be connected by bolts. Since the inner side has an arc-shaped groove, the top cover 10 and the tank 9 can be convexed. The blue 22 is accommodated therein, and as the bolts are tightened, the top cover 10 and the tank body 9 are sealed.
  • the inner cylinder 23 is located inside the tank body 9, and its length is slightly smaller than the length of the tank depth of the tank body 9.
  • Inner tube 23 It includes a bracket 25, and a filter cloth bag 26 wrapped around the outside of the bracket 25.
  • the bracket 25 is made of stainless steel and has a substantially cylindrical shape.
  • a hook 27 is arranged at the center of the top end, and the hook 27 is used for hanging
  • the non-linear vibration device 24 ensures that the non-linear vibration device 24 is located at the center of the extraction tank 5.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of a non-linear vibration device 24, which consists of a series of 12 vibrators 28 connected in sequence that can emit non-linear vibration, and a hook 27 suspended on a bracket 25
  • the vibrator 28 is transversely disposed with respect to the tank 9 and the axes of adjacent vibrators 28 are perpendicular to each other. Since the non-linear vibration device 24 is directly immersed in high-pressure water, its connecting wire must ensure that Water insulation, and to ensure that it is connected to the external power source through the wire connection hole N2 on the top cover 10 under high voltage conditions, so as to achieve nonlinear vibration.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of a non-linear vibration device 24, which consists of a series of 12 vibrators 28 connected in sequence that can emit non-linear vibration, and a hook 27 suspended on a bracket 25
  • the vibrator 28 is transversely disposed with respect to the tank 9 and the axes of adjacent vibrators 28 are perpendicular to each other. Since the non-
  • FIG. 7 shows a cross-sectional view of the vibrator 28, which includes two end portions 29 having an output curved surface, and a piezoelectric ceramic vibrating piece 31 is sandwiched between the two end portions 29.
  • An insulating layer 37 is provided on the outside of the vibrating piece 31 to insulate the surrounding liquid.
  • the end of the tip portion 29 is hemispherical, so that the transmission plane of the wave of the vibrator '28 can be changed to a curved surface, so that each vibration wave can reach the maximum amplitude.
  • a plurality of vibrators 28 are horizontally assembled into a string-like body, the length of which is approximately equal to the internal length of the tank 9 and the adjacent vibrators 28 The different axes of the axis are perpendicular.
  • the pipe interface N6 is connected to the material liquid tank 8 through the tee 13 and the material pump 7.
  • the material pump 7 can pump the extraction liquid after the nonlinear vibration critical extraction into the material liquid tank 8.
  • a through hole is also provided on the top cover 10 to be connected to the external air compressor 32.
  • the air compressor 32 can fill the closed extraction tank 5 with a pressurized gas, and further residues in the raw materials and The extraction in the raw material gap is squeezed out by hydraulic pressure, and then extracted by the material pump 7 to improve the utilization rate of the raw materials.
  • a concentration system may also be included, which can concentrate, extract, and dry the extraction solution extracted in the extraction system, thereby satisfying the requirements for subsequent processing of the product.
  • an ultrasonic atomizing device 34 is used for concentration, which is connected to the material liquid tank 8 and the extract is introduced into the device. As shown in FIG.
  • the main structure mainly includes an air filter 43 provided on the top of the device, an atomizing chamber 40 in the middle, a gas collecting chamber 45 and an exhaust fan 47 located below the atomizing chamber 40, and a plurality of ultra-high
  • the acoustic wave generator 44 is provided on the side wall of the atomizing chamber 40 with a liquid inlet 41 for inputting the extraction liquid and a liquid outlet 42 for discharging the concentrated liquid.
  • the nonlinear vibration critical extraction device of this embodiment After the nonlinear vibration critical extraction device of this embodiment is assembled, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 9, all systems are collectively combined in a frame 35, and a feeding system may be additionally provided on the frame 35 to replace manual feeding. It is also possible to provide a heavy equipment on the frame 35, such as a lifting pulley set or a small crane, and an electric control cabinet 36 is provided on one side of the frame 35 to achieve centralized control of the above components.
  • the device covers only 4 square meters after assembly, and is suitable for enterprises and units with high production area and energy consumption requirements.
  • the systems of the device can be relatively independent and can be easily connected, the structure is simple, and the energy consumption is very low.
  • the inner tube 23 When carrying out the extraction method of the present invention for extracting plants or drugs, the inner tube 23 is first placed in the tank body 9, and the inner tube 23 is structured as a bracket 25 wrapped with a filter cloth bag 26, and a hook 27 on the bracket 25 A non-linear vibration device 24 is hung from the top.
  • the non-linear vibration device 24 is located at the center of the tank 9, and its wires are connected to an external power source.
  • the top cover 10 is covered on the tank body 9 and the two clamp members 11 are tightly connected with bolts, so that the top cover 10 and the tank body 9 are sealed.
  • the sealing valve 18 and the material pump 7 are opened, and the extraction liquid is drawn into the material liquid tank 8.
  • the air compressor 32 is connected to the air outlet N1, and the pressure is charged into the extraction tank 5. The gas is extracted by the pressure of the gas from the extraction fluid remaining in the raw material and the gap between the raw materials.
  • the ultrasonic atomization device of the concentration system can concentrate the extraction solution to meet the preparation or other Standard requirements.
  • the extraction liquid enters the atomization chamber 40 from the feed liquid tank 8 through the liquid inlet 41, and the ultrasonic generator 44 is started, and the water in the extraction liquid is formed into a mist and volatilized. It is discharged through the exhaust fan 46, so that the extraction can be performed.
  • the liquid is concentrated, and the biological activity of the extract is not affected.
  • the concentrated extract is discharged through the liquid outlet 42 for packaging or other processes.
  • the water pump 3 can be directly started to inject water into the tank 9 for cleaning, and the cleaned water can be discharged directly to the outside through the pipe interface.
  • the device of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, and may be variously modified.
  • a heating device is provided in the water storage tank 2 of the water supply system to make the water reach normal temperature, and under the condition that the water supply is sufficient, the water source that meets the conditions can be directly connected to the extraction system, and the water supply system can be cancelled.
  • non-linear vibration devices such as mechanical or electromagnetic type and circulating pump bodies can be used to perform non-linear vibration and promote liquid circulation.
  • the top cover 10 and the can body 9 are sealed in the form of a double cone seal or a flat gasket seal known in the prior art.
  • other known concentration equipment can also be used to concentrate the extract, such as the membrane separation device 38.
  • This embodiment takes the extraction of Angelica sinensis as an example. Since the pharmacopoeia uses the content of ferulic acid in Angelica sinensis as the evaluation standard, and ferulic acid is a fat-soluble substance, the method and equipment of the present invention are used to perform relevant control experiments, which can fully explain that the method of the present invention can not only use water as a solvent to extract water-soluble And fat-soluble components, and has a certain extraction rate, improve the utilization rate of medicinal materials or plants.
  • Angelica sinensis the dried root of Angelica sinensis (Angelyca sinensis (Oliv.) Diels).
  • the manufacturer of Angelica sinensis for this experiment was Hualong Chinese Herbal Pieces Factory. The specifications were decoction pieces and the batch number was 200330621. Angelica decoction pieces are coarsely crushed and set aside.
  • Example 1 For the remaining drug residue in Example 1, 15 kg of a normal temperature aqueous solution was added to the extraction tank for a second extraction, the pressure was maintained at 30 MPa, the extraction temperature was appropriately raised to 30 ° C, and the extraction time was 1 hour to obtain an extract solution. It is a light orange-yellow transparent emulsion with a specific gravity of 1.000. The liquid has no bitterness and maintains the original fragrance of Angelica sinensis. It has almost no precipitation. After 2 weeks of storage, it still maintains the state of the emulsion and there is no new precipitation, indicating that Angelica sinensis The performance of the extract is very stable.
  • the obtained extract was a pale orange-yellow transparent emulsion with a specific gravity of 1.002.
  • the liquid had no bitterness and maintained the original flavor of angelica. There was almost no precipitation. After 2 weeks of storage, it remained in the state of emulsion and no new precipitation occurred. This shows that the performance of Angelica sinensis extract is very stable.
  • Example 4 Determination of ferulic acid content in Angelica sinensis extract using the method of the present invention The detection was performed by high performance liquid chromatography provided in Appendix VI D of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2000 edition.
  • Ferulic acid reference substance 0733-9910 (provided by China Pharmaceutical and Biological Products Testing) Finely weigh 0.0050g of ferulic acid reference substance and add methanol to make a solution containing 10 ⁇ g per 1ml. Aspirate 10 ⁇ 1 of the reference solution accurately and inject it into a high performance liquid chromatograph (STD-10Avp, Dadao, Japan) to determine the chromatogram to obtain a ferulic acid reference spectrum, as shown in FIG. 10, and the ordinate is time (Minutes), indicating that ferulic acid peaked at about 30 minutes.
  • STD-10Avp high performance liquid chromatograph
  • Example 2 Take the extract solution obtained in Example 1, finely suck 15ml, place it in a conical flask with a stopper, add precisely 90ml methanol solution-hydrochloric acid (100: 1) mixed solution 10ml, weigh it and sonicate for 30 minutes. Allow to cool to room temperature, weigh again, make up the reduced weight with the above mixture, filter, and take the filtrate to obtain. 10 ⁇ 1 was precisely sucked and injected into a high performance liquid chromatograph to obtain a chromatogram, as shown in FIG. 11. The digital processor of the chromatograph can calculate: 0.1803 grams of ferulic acid per kilogram of crude drug.
  • Example 2 Take the extract obtained in Example 2.
  • the process of detecting ferulic acid content is as described in 2) above, and the liquid chromatogram is obtained, as shown in FIG. 12. Finally calculated that 0.0577 grams of ferulic acid per kilogram of crude drug. Compared with the detection result of the extract solution of Example 1, it shows that most of the ferulic acid in the medicinal solution has been extracted after one extraction using the method of the present invention.
  • This comparative example demonstrates that the traditional method of ethanol extraction uses a high ratio of ethanol to the amount of raw materials, and that the extraction solution needs to undergo a step of removing ethanol, which not only consumes a large amount of ethanol, but also has a complicated process. Due to the high temperature treatment, some of the obtained products are changed in composition, lose their activity, and produce bitter taste. The appearance and taste of the products are not as good as those obtained by the method of the present invention.
  • Example 2 The drug residue after extraction was washed with water and continuously refluxed with ethanol to extract the residue remaining after extraction using the method of the present invention in Example 1. Weigh 1.35kg (phase (600g of dried medicinal materials), rinse with warm water, add 1800ml of 70% ethanol, heat under reflux and extract for 2 hours, filter, filter the filtrate to recover ethanol and concentrate to 1000ml (that is, each ml of the extract is equivalent to 0.6g of angelica decoction pieces). Yellow more transparent liquid with slight precipitation.
  • the content of ferulic acid in this comparative example is higher than the ferulic acid obtained by using the method of the present invention, since the organic components in angelica include ferulic acid in addition to sodium ferulic acid, ferulic acid esters, etc.
  • the reason for the high ferulic acid content of this component, which is extracted by ethanol, is that ferulic acid is generated due to degreasing of ferulic acid esters, which changes the raw material components.
  • the method of the present invention uses water as a solvent, does not substantially change the raw material components, and does not destroy the biological activity of the components.
  • This comparative example essentially illustrates that the traditional ethanol extraction method changes the raw material components, while the method of the present invention performs full component extraction without changing the component activity and without chemical changes.

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Description

一种萃取方法及其装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种萃取方法及其装置, 尤其是一种利用非线性振动及 临界萃取原理进行萃取的方法及其装置, 可以应用于中药及植物的萃取。 背景技术
中药是中国传统医药, 用中药防病治病在中国具有悠久的历史。 世 界卫生组织也向各国推荐使用传统中药, 希望人们可以吃到安全、 高效、 速效、 方便的中药。 然而由于中药的生产工艺, 尤其是提取分离工艺相 对比较落后, 难以实现产品质量控制的标准化和规范化, 中药一直难以 在国际市场进行注册、 合法销售与使用。
近几年, 传统中药生产中使用不锈钢多功能萃取罐、 外循环蒸发、 多效蒸发器、 流化干燥器等现代化设备。 中成药的剂型也有所发展, 具 有颗粒剂、 片剂、 胶囊剂及口服液等剂型。 但是, 总体来说, 传统的中 药提取工艺基本上仍然是 "一锅汤 "熬制法, 或在高温下 (95°C以上) 以水和酒精进行粗提取, 即 "水提法"或 "醇提法", 或者附加了低温干 燥和超细粉碎。 这种传统中药加工方法由于缺乏科学、 严格的工艺操作 参数, 不仅能耗高、 效率低, 而且由于高温是提取的必要条件, 从而破 坏了.药物中的一部分活性物质, 只能提取部分有效成分, 其余有效成分 在生产过程中被破坏、 流失或残留在药渣中废弃, 不仅影响中药提取率, 造成环境污染, 而且导致疗效不稳定、 产品颜色味道差以及内在质量不 稳定等缺点。
因此, 在中药研究开发及产业化进程中, 出现了超临界流体萃取技 术, 其是应用于医药提取纯化方面较新的技术。 超临界流体对物质进行 溶解和分离的过程就叫超临界流体萃取 (Supercritical Fluid Extraction,简 称 SFE)。 一般优选 C02进行超临界萃取, 其基本原理为: C02的临界温 度(Tc) 为 31.05°C, 临界压力 (Pc)为 7.38MPa, 当处于这个临界点以 上时, C02同时具有气体和液体双重特性。它既近似于气体,粘度与气体 相近, 又近似于液体, 密度与液体相近, 是一种优良的溶剂, 能通过分 子间的相互作用和扩散作用溶解许多物质。 同时, 在稍高于临界点的区 域内, 压力稍有变化, 即引起密度的很大变化, 从而引起溶解度的较大 变化。因此,超临界 co2可以从基体中将物质溶解出来,形成超临界 co2 负载相, 然后降低压力或升高温度, 超临界 co2的溶解度降低, 这些物 质就沉淀(解析) 出来, 与 co2分离, 从而达到提取分离的目的。 由于 不同的物质在 co2中的溶解度不同或同一物质在不同的压力和温度下溶 解状况不同, 使这种提取分离过程具有较高的选择性。
但是, 超临界 co2萃取也有难以克服的缺点。 首先, 这种提取方法 的成本相对较高, 由于 0)2在超临界状态下工作, 必须使用大功率空气 压缩机, 对 co2气体进行压缩循环, 而且持续整个提取过程, 这样导致 电力能源消耗量大, 成本很高。 其次, 高压下的气体都具有一定的危险 性, 导致操作安全问题。 而且, 超临界 co2的溶解度还是不如液体溶解 度大, 使得这种萃取方法的生产效率也相对较低。 另外, 超临界萃取技 术比较适合单一组分的提取, 但又不能保证提取出完全的单一组分, 所 以也不适合中药或植物的全组分提取。
近年来在研究中药和有关植物的有效成分时, 发现有些中药的粗提 取物比其中的某一种纯品成分的生物活性好, 毒副作用也小。 如日本学 者左藤昭彦等在使用人子宫颈癌细胞培养物筛选中药的抗癌活性时, 发 现具有抗癌活性的某些类提取物, 越纯化活性越高, 同时毒性也越大, 另一类提取物的活性很强, 无毒性, 越纯化, 其活性越低。 再如萝芙木 根的浸出特长期服用, 没有阴利血平所引起的抑郁症等副作用。 这些都 说明了一种生物活性指针, 是多种成分彼此协同作用而达到 。 所以, 传统的高温提取法, 无论是水提还是醇提, 都会破坏药物中原有的部分 活性物质, 可能会导致某些毒副作用的产生。 而超临界萃取技术也不能 保证提取出完全的单一组分, 或者进行全组分提取, 所以在这方面也有 一定局限性。
综上所述, 目前中药及有关植物有效功能成分的提取工艺存在严重 落后与不足, 研究并开发具有保护中药及植物中有效成分不致损失和破 坏, 同时又保证提取出几乎全组分的新工艺方法, 对于中药、 植物或其 它物质材料的几乎全组分的提取, 具有重要的理论和现实意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种萃取方法, 该方法可以在常温下对中药 或植物进行提取, 不仅保证中药或植物组分的生物活性, 而且可以实现 中药或植物的几乎全组分提取, 克服了现有提取工艺破坏部分组分的生 物活性或只能进行部分提取的缺点, 可以广泛应用于中药、 化工、 食品 等领域有效成分的提取。
对于非线性振动, 本发明人进行了多年的研究, 而且在发明人的申 请号为 85102855的发明专利中也公开了对非线性振动的原理和应用装置 的研究。 本发明提供的方法采用非线性振动临界萃取, 以促进物质在水 中的溶解和乳化。 其基本原理在于, 在一定的压力下, 水会处于临界状 态, 非线性振动装置会使水产生不同频率以不同振幅的波动, 由于水在 不同频率下对不同物质的吸收度不同, 使得这时的水可以对不同的物质 都有很高的溶解度, 不仅可以溶解水溶性物质, 而且促使脂溶性物质进 行乳化, 从而提取出来。 本发明的方法中使用 18KHZ— 33KHz频率范围 已经可以使原料组分几乎可以全部提取出来, 所以可以应用于中药 (包 括动物药) 以及植物等多种原料的萃取, 也可以是任何适合使用本发明 方法进行萃取的物质, 应用范围十分广泛。 所以, 本发明提供的方法可 以应用于中药制剂或片剂的制备, 实现中药的规范化和标准化, 也可以 应用于植物汁液的萃取, 及动物有效成分的萃取, 涉及到中药、 保健品、 食品和化妆品等行业, 具有重要的实际应用价值。
本发明方法采用在高压条件下使水处于临界状态而进行萃取, 萃取 过程中压力可以维持恒定, 也可以在一定范围内变化。 一方面, 高压有 利于物质的破壁处理, 使得物质易于溶解。 另一方面, 从现有技术已知, 水在高压临界状态附近, 四个水分子小团族聚在一起组成二环八聚物, 这些二环八聚物可以进一步聚合成高对称 280分子的二十面体的水团族。 它们可以环连、 镶嵌最终占据整个空间。 通过水的环五聚物和三环十聚 物混合得可以到同样的结果。采用本发明方法高压条件 25MPa— 35MPa, 水的结构发生上述变化, 导致此时的溶解度最大, 使得原料中的水溶性 物质彻底溶解, 而且在超声波的非线性振动作用下, 脂溶性物质也在水 中极度乳化, 使得提取液几乎没有沉淀。
本发明萃取方法, 包括如下步骤:
将原料粉碎、 浸泡, 装入萃取装置, 在 25MPa— 35MPa压力和 0°C 一 50°C的条件下, 在 18KHz— 33KHz频率范围内非线性振动下, 以水为 溶剂进行萃取, 即可得到含有原料活性组分的萃取液。
原料的粉碎和浸泡过程都是为了便于萃取, 粉碎可以是粗处理, 大 小适中; 浸泡时间则因原料不同以及粉碎程度不同而有所差异, 基本以 水完全浸透原料为宜。
根据本发明的另一方面,优选萃取温度为 20°C— 50°C,即低温下(相 对于现有技术中的温度) 进行。 因为低温萃取既可以保证组分的生物活 性, 又节省传统工艺加热处理的过程, 具有一定的先进性。
原料与水溶剂质量比为 1 : 3-5,相对于传统水提法中原料与水溶剂 1: 10的比例, 可以大量节省萃取过程中的水资源, 相对于醇提法节省大 量有机溶剂乙醇的使用, 并且减少后续工艺中浓缩干燥时间或脱醇步骤, 可以极大地降低成本。
萃取时间为 1一 3小时, 优选 2小时。本发明方法采用非线性振动和 临界高压条件, 可以大大增强水的溶解度, 提高萃取率, 在很短的萃取 时间内已经可以将药物或植物中进行几乎全组分萃取完全, 相对于传统 的长时间熬制具有很高的提取效率。
本发明方法得到的萃取液由于经过非线性振动和临界高压处理, 已 经消毒灭菌, 为了便于运输和使用方便, 可以直接进行液体包装, 或者 进行浓缩、 干燥处理, 制成胶囊、 针剂、 粉剂、 口服液或其它适合的包 装形式。
由于本发明方法可以溶解水溶性和乳化脂溶性的物质, 所以适用多 种物质的萃取, 即原料可以是中药 (包括动物药) 或植物, 甚至是任何 适合使用本发明方法进行萃取的物质。 例如, 应用本发明方法不仅可以 进行中药几乎全组分提取, 而且可以进行植物(包括水果) 汁液的提取, 动物中有效成分的提取, 可以广泛应用于中药 (包括保健品) 加工业、 化工、 食品业等领域。
本发明的另一目的还在于提供一种萃取装置, 该装置可进行非线性 振动临界萃取, 其包括萃取罐, 该萃取罐具有罐体和顶盖, 密封罐体和 顶盖的密封结构, 以及可向罐体输入水和输出萃取液的管道接口; 其特 征在于该装置还具有与萃取罐相连,使萃取罐内部保持 lOOMpa以下高压 的高压泵; 在萃取罐内部设置有原料罐和发出振动频率在 18KHz— 33KHz 范围内的非线性振动装置; 所述顶盖上设有一出气孔和一导线连 接孔, 该出气孔与一密封阀相连, 通过该导线连接孔可将所述非线性振 动装置与萃取罐的外部电源相连, 一供水系统与所述输入水的管道接口 相连, 以向所述萃取罐输入水, 一料泵与一料液罐通过输出萃取液的管 道接口和所述萃取罐相连接。 高压泵为现有公知技术, 其可实现萃取罐 内保持高压, 从而将水处于临界状态, 而萃取罐内的非线性振动装置在 水处于临界状态下发出非线性振动, 进而使原料罐内的原料进行全组分 的溶解和萃取, 由于出气孔的设置, 可方便的实现气体的排出和进入, 从而使萃取液的排出更充分和便捷, 而导线连接孔的设置, 可在保证密 封和绝缘的同时, 将非线性振动装置与外部电源相连, 使非线性振动装 置直接浸入液体中, 进而进行非线性振动。
可以将非线性振动装置设置成一串由多个非线性振动器组成, 相邻 非线性振动器的轴线相互异面垂直, 所述非线性振动器具有两端头部, 该端头部具有输出曲面, 在两端头部之间设有振动片, 在振动片的外部 设有绝缘层, 一导线连接振动片和萃取罐的外部电源。 这种形式的振动 装置, 可实现均匀、 充分地对萃取罐内的液体及原料进行非线性振动。
还有, 可以在所述罐体外侧还设有使萃取罐内液体循环的循环泵, 使液体循环, 保证萃取均匀, 快速。
另一方案中, 于所述萃取罐的外部设置一使萃取罐内温度处于 20°C 一 50°C的温控装置, 从而保证萃取在常温范围内进行, 更有利于脂溶性 物质的萃取。
. 本发明可对本发明前述的装置提供净化水系统, 因此, 本发明提供 的另一萃取装置进一步包括水处理器, 储水罐及向萃取罐输入水的水泵。 在本发明的另一优选方式中, 设置浓缩系统可将萃取罐内的萃取液 进一步浓缩, 从而满足产品的后序加工。
再一方面, 如上所述的萃取装置中, 可以使用一超声雾化装置, 其 包括设在顶部的空气过滤器, 中部的雾化室, 位于雾化室下方的集气室 和排气风机, 在雾化室中设置多个超声波发生器, 在雾化室侧壁上设有 用来输入萃取液的进液口和排出浓缩液的出液口。
从本发明方法的描述可知, 该萃取过程必须满足高压和非线性振动 两个条件, 才能够实现用水提取原料。 本发明方法具有现实可行性, 其 原因在于本发明方法应用各个相关技术领域中的公知原理, 将现有技术 进行巧妙的结合, 应用于其他领域, 从而达到意想不到的效果。 非线性 振动条件可以根据本发明人上述的在先专利, 制备非线性振动装置, 实 现所述的频率范围, 该频率范围属于超声波的非线性振动。 应用超声波 的振动使物质破壁, 促进溶解, 是公知的现有技术。 高压也是现有条件 下可以实现的技术。 而水的临界状态下的物理特性也是现有技术。
本发明的优势就在于利用现有技术中的超声波非线性振动、 临界水 结构变化以及超临界萃取等原理, 在高压常温条件下用水作溶剂, 进行 非线性振动, 几小时内就可以对中药或植物的活性成分进行几乎全组分 提取, 不仅保留了超临界 co2萃取的优点, 而且克服了其无法解决的缺 陷。 可以广泛应用于中药、 化工、 食品等领域有效成分的提取。 其具体 优点说明如下:
1.本发明方法及装置的萃取率大大提高。 本发明方法及装置可以使 得中药或植物中水溶性和脂溶性成分都能在常温下用水提取出来, 而且 几乎可以进行全组分提取, 从而大大提高产品收率和资源的利用率。
2.本发明方法及装置常温下萃取, 可以完好地保存中药或植物中的 有效成分不被破坏, 特别适合那些对热敏感性强、 容易氧化分解破坏的 成分的提取, 同时保留原料的原味, 克服了传统中药熬制法或水提、 醇 提加热回流法制备得到中药可能发生炭化而导致的苦味, 在实际应用中 具有重要的价值。
3.本发明方法及装置以水作溶剂, 可以免除传统方法中脱醇过程或 超临界流体萃取方法中与流体分离步骤, 不仅减少生产程序, 节约成本, 而且水溶剂对中药或植物不可能产生任何化学变化, 充分保证中药或植 物的活性成分不遭到破坏。
4.本发明方法及装置采用水作溶剂, 与超临界 C02相比, 由于水的 溶解度要远远大于超临界 co2, 从而提高萃取率, 提高生产效率, 在实 际生产中具有很高的先进性。
5.本发明方法及装置采用水作溶剂, 与超临界 C02相比, 无需高压 空气压縮机在整个提取过程中进行运作, 节省生产成本, 而且由于水的 不可压縮性, 对水进行高压处理要远远易于对气体进行压缩, 能耗仅是 现有技术的几十分之一, 整个生产工艺更加易于操作。
6. 本发明方法及装置采用水作溶剂, 与超临界 032萃取方法相比, 由于气体在高压情况下都具有一定的危险性, 本发明方法具有更可靠的 安全性。
7.本发明方法的生产工艺简单, 操作方便, 节省劳动力和大量有机 溶剂, 减小三废污染。 而且本发明装置装料、 进水、 提取、 浓缩一体化, 不仅有利于 GMP标准的实施,而且体积小,萃取罐容积大约 140L左右, 却相当于现有生产技术中 1吨罐的产量。
8.本发明方法及装置由于在高压下临界萃取, 因而还具有抗氧化、 灭菌作用, 有利于保证和提高产品质量, 一般产品从萃取罐出来时, 基 本已经可以作为成品, 只需简单的后续浓縮、 干燥程序。
9. 本发明方法及装置虽然采用水作溶剂, 但是利用非线性振动和临 界高压萃取, 可以提取原料中的水溶性和脂溶性组分, 因而可以对多种 原料进行萃取, 包括中药 (植物药和动物药) 以及植物, 甚至是任何适 合使用本发明进行萃取的物质。
10.采用本发明方法和装置进行萃取, 由于没有使用有机溶剂,而且 在常温下进行, 没有化学变化发生的条件, 几乎可以实现原料全组分提 取, 减少由于部分提取中药有效成分而导致产生毒副作用的可能性。 附图说明
图 1为本发明的萃取装置的一实施例的组装平面图; 图 2为萃取装置的萃取罐的局部剖面图;
图 3为图 2所示萃取罐的俯视图;
图 4为料筒与振动器连接的主视图;
图 5为磁力泵的剖面图;
图 6为非线性振动装置的结构示意图; '
图 7为非线性振动器的剖面图;
图 8为振动超声雾化的结构示意图;
图 9为图 1所示非线性振动萃取装置的主视图;
图 10为阿魏酸对照品的液相色谱图;
图 11为应用本发明方法及装置第一次提取液的液相色谱图; 图 12为应用本发明方法及装置第二次提取液的液相色谱图; 图 13为应用乙醇回流加热法的提取液的液相色谱图;
图 14为应用本发明方法及装置提取后药渣进行先水洗后醇提的提取 液的液相色谱图。
具体实施方式
首先参照图 1,其为根据本发明一优选实施例,示出萃取装置的组装 示意图, 如图所示, 大致可将该萃取装置分为供水系统, 萃取系统和浓 缩系统。 考虑到本装置可用于制药和食品行业, 本实施例的装置按 GMP 标准要求而设置。
供水系统向萃取系统提供符合萃取要求的水, 由水处理器 1,储水罐 2和水泵 3等组成,水处理器 1采用目前公知的净化水的方法和装置,如 大孔吸附树脂或活性炭过滤装置, 自来水等水源通过进水口 4进入水处 理器 1经过净化后, 进入储水罐 2, 其可通过水泵 3输入至萃取罐 5内。
萃取系统可在 25MPa— 35Mpa的高压和振动频率在 18KHz— 33KHz 范围内的非线性振动的条件下实现对置入萃取罐 5 内的原料进行全组分 的萃取, 萃取出所需要的成分,形成萃取液,其包括可承受 lOOMpa压力 的萃取罐 5, 高压泵 6, 料泵 7, 料液罐 8, 内筒 23, 非线性振动装置 24 和空气压缩机 32等, 高压泵 6连接于储^罐 2和萃取罐 5之间, 其可以 向萃取罐 5内泵入高压水, 从而使密闭的萃取罐 5内的压力达到预定值。 萃取罐 5 是实现本发明的非线性振动临界萃取方法的主要设备, 只 有在萃取罐 5 内实现常温, 高压和非线性振动的条件, 才可对置于其内 的原料进行常温全组分萃取,其结构如图 2所示,具有呈圆柱形的罐体 9, 顶盖 10, 密封垫圈 19及两个半圆环形的卡箍件 11, 通过用螺栓将两个 卡箍件 22进行紧密连接,可将罐体 9和顶盖 10紧固, 从而实现萃取罐 5 的密封。 为'满足罐体 9可承受高压的要求, 罐体 9釆用高强度低合金钢 锻造并通过焊接而制成, 罐体 9的内壁附有一层不锈钢材料的衬里 12。 在罐体 9的侧壁上下端附近径向对称地设有四个管道接口 N4, N5, N6 和 N7, 经供水系统净化后的水或其它液体可通过水泵 3经由接口 N7输 入萃取罐 5中, 而接口 N6则可以用来排出萃取液。在每个接口外接的管 道上设置有三通件 13, 在两个三通件 13之间还设置有磁力泵 14, 图 5 示出了磁力泵 14的结构, 该磁力泵 14可促使萃取罐 5内的高压液体在 罐体 9,接口和外部管路之间进行循环。在罐体 9的外侧还设有加热保温 33, 其可实现对罐体 9进行辅助性的加温和保温, 满足萃取温度处于 20 °C -50°C , 从而既保证脂溶性物质的萃取, 又保证提取组分的生物活性。 顶盖 10覆盖在罐体 9的上方,由不锈钢材料制成,其外径尺寸大致相等。 如图 3所示, 罐体 9上设置有贯通其上下表面的出气孔 N1 , 导线连接孔 N2, 压力表连接孔 N3和位于其中心部位的吊耳 21, 出气孔 N1外接出 气管和密封阀 18; 导线连接孔 N2则可在保证绝缘和压力密封的条件下, 将外部电源通过该孔引入到萃取罐 5中; 顶盖 10上的压力表通过压力表 连接孔 N3直接与萃取罐 5内部相通,压力表可实时显示萃取罐 5内部的 压力值。
卡箍件 11的剖面呈侧 U形, 具有两侧耳部 20, 在侧耳部 20上设置 有可通过螺栓的通孔, 卡箍件 11可相对罐体 9进行径向位移, 当将两卡 箍件 11分别向罐体中心移动, 侧耳部 20彼此相对, 可使用螺栓将侧耳 部 20相连, 由于其内侧具有呈圆弧形的凹槽, 因此可将顶盖 10和罐体 9 的凸形法兰 22容置其内, 随着螺栓的紧固, 进而实现顶盖 10和罐体 9 之间的密闭。
内筒 23位于罐体 9内部,其长度略小于罐体 9的筒深长度。 内筒 23 包括支架 25, 套裹于支架 25外部的滤布袋 26, 如图 4所示, 支架 25由 不锈钢材料制成, 大体呈圆柱形, 其顶端中心设有吊钩 27, 吊钩 27用来 吊挂非线性振动装置 24,保证非线性振动装置 24位于萃取罐 5的中心处。
如图 6所示, 其示出了非线性振动装置 24的结构示意图, 其由 12 个依次连接的可发出非线性振动的振动器 28组成一串状体, 悬挂于支架 25上的吊钩 27之上, 振动器 28相对于罐体 9横向设置, 并且相邻的振 动器 28的轴线相互垂直, 由于该非线性振动装置 24直接浸于高压水中, 因此其连接导线既要保证高压条件下与水的绝缘, 且要保证在高压条件 下通过顶盖 10上的导线连接孔 N2与外部电源相连, 从而实现非线性振 动。 图 7示出了振动器 28的剖面图, 其包括两个具有输出曲面的端头部 29, 在两端头部 29之间夹置有压电陶瓷振动片 31。 在振动片 31的外部 设有绝缘层 37,与其周围的液体绝缘。振动片 31通过导线与外部电源连 接通电后, 由于磁致伸缩效应可进行非线性振动, 这样可满足不同的成 分只有在不同频率波的振动下才能够萃取的条件, 从而实现全组分萃取。 端头部 29的端部呈半球形, 这样可将振动器' 28的波的传输平面改为曲 面, 从而使各振动波都能够达到最大振幅。 另外, 为了保证对罐体 9 内 的原料都受到均匀的非线性振动, 将多个振动器 28横向组装成串状体, 其长度大致等于罐体 9的内部长度,而且相邻振动器 28的轴线异面垂直。
管道接口 N6通过三通件 13和料泵 7与料液罐 8连接, 料泵 7可将 经过非线性振动临界萃取后的萃取液抽入至料液罐 8内。在顶盖 10上还 设置一通孔与外部的空气压缩机 32相连, .在萃取步骤完成后, 空气压縮 机 32可向密闭的萃取罐 5内充入压力气体, 进一步将残留在原料中及原 料间隙内的萃取液压搾出来, 再通过料泵 7抽出, 提高原料的利用率。
作为本发明萃取装置还可包括浓缩系统, 其可将萃取系统中萃取出 的萃取液进行浓縮, 干燥等处理, 从而満足制品后序加工的要求。 在本 实施例中, 采用超声雾化装置 34进行浓縮, 其与料液罐 8相连接, 将萃 取液导入该装置中, 如图 8所示, 其示出了该振动超声雾化装置 34的主 要结构, 主要包括设在设备顶部的空气过滤器 43, 中部的雾化室 40, 位 于雾化室 40下方的集气室 45和排气风机 47,在雾化室 40中设置多个超 声波发生器 44, 在雾化室 40侧壁上设有用来输入萃取液的进液口 41和 排出浓缩液的出液口 42。
本实施例的非线性振动临界萃取装置, 经过组装后, 如图 1和图 9 所示, 所有系统都集中组合在框架 35内, 在框架 35上可另外设置送料 系统, 以取代人工送料, 另外还可在该框架 35上设置一起重设备, 如起 重滑轮组或小型起重机, 电控柜 36设置在框架 35的一侧, 以实现对上 述组件的集中控制。 该装置组装后仅占地 4平方米, 适用于生产面积和 能源消耗要求较高的企业和单位。 该装置的各系统即可相对独立, 又可 方便接合, 结构简单, 能源耗费很低。
在实施本发明的萃取方法而对植物或药物进行萃取时, 首先将内筒 23置于罐体 9中, 内筒 23的结构为包裹有滤布袋 26的支架 25, 在支架 25的吊钩 27上悬挂有非线性振动装置 24, 非线性振动装置 24位于罐体 9的中心处, 其导线与外部电源相连。 将浸泡好的原料装入滤布袋 26内 后, 将顶盖 10覆盖于罐体 9之上, 用螺栓将两卡箍件 11紧密连接, 从 而将顶盖 10与罐体 9密封。
关闭其它管道接口和阀门,开启顶盖 10上的密封阀 18和水泵 3,将 储水罐 2内的水通过管道接口 N7从罐体 9底部输入至萃取罐 5内,直至 充满整个罐体 9的内部空间,将内筒 23,原料及非线性振动装置 24浸于 水中, 当罐体 9内的空气通过出气孔 N1排出罐外后, 关闭密封阀 18和 水泵 5。
启动高压泵 6,将萃取罐 5内的压力升至并保持在预定值,水处于高 压临界状态, 启动非线性振动装置 24, 使其开始进行非线性振动, 并启 动两个磁力泵 14, 加速高压水的流动, 增加其对各组分的溶解, 进而实 现全组分的萃取。
振动结束后, 开启密封阀 18和料泵 7, 将萃取液抽入料液罐 8内, 为进一步抽取萃取液, 再将空气压缩机 32与出气孔 N1相连, 向萃取罐 5内充入压力气体,通过气体的压力将存留在原料内及原料间隙内的萃取 液压出。
浓缩系统的超声雾化装置可对萃取液进行浓缩, 以满足制剂或其它 标准的要求。萃取液自料液罐 8通过进液口 41进入雾化室 40,启动超声 波发生器 44,将萃取液中的水形成雾状而挥发出来,经过排气风机 46将 其排出, 从而可将萃取液浓缩, 且保持该萃取液的生物活性不受影响, 浓缩后的萃取液经出液口 42排出, 以进行包装或其它工序。
在进行罐体清洗时, 可直接启动水泵 3向罐体 9内注水进行清洗, 清洗后的水可通过管道接口直接排到外部。
本发明的装置并不局限于上述优选实施例, 还可以有多种改变。 如 在供水系统的储水罐 2中设置加热装置, 使水达到常温, 另外在水供应 充足的条件下, 可直接将满足条件的水源连入萃取系统, 而取消供水系 统。
在其它的优选实施例中, 可以使用其它形式的如机械式或电磁式的 非线性振动装置和循环泵体来进行非线性振动和促进液体循环。 顶盖 10 和罐体 9的密封, 采用现有技术公知的双锥密封或平垫密封等形式。 此 外, 也可以采用其它公知的浓缩设备对萃取液进行浓縮, 如膜分离装置 38。
本发明方法的优选实施例如下所述:
实施例 1、 应用本发明方法及装置萃取当归
本实施例以当归的提取为例。 由于药典以当归中阿魏酸的含量作为 评价标准, 而阿魏酸是脂溶性物质, 应用本发明方法和设备, 进行相关 对照实验, 可以充分说明本发明方法不仅能够以水为溶剂同时提取水溶 性和脂溶性成分, 并且具有一定提取率, 提高药材或植物的利用率。
原料: 当归, 为伞形科植物当归 (Angelyca sinensis(Oliv.)Diels) 的 干燥根。 本次实验的当归的生产厂家为华龙中药饮片厂, 规格为饮片, 批号为 200330621。 当归饮片粗粉碎, 备用。
称取当归粗粉 5kg, 常温下浸泡 12小时, 投入萃取罐, 然后加入常 温水大约 15kg, 升高压力, 然后保持在 25MPa, 温度维持在 22°C左右, 启动本发明的非线性振动装置,进行萃取, 萃取时间为 1.5小时, 得到萃 取液, 为淡橙黄色较透明的乳化液, 其比重为 1.004, 液体无苦味, 保持 当归的原味清香, 几乎无沉淀, 置放 2周后, 仍然保持乳化液状态, 没 有新的沉淀析出, 说明当归提取液的性能十分稳定。
实施例 2、 应用本发明方法及装置萃取当归
对实施例 1中残留的药渣, 向萃取罐中再加入常温水溶液 15kg, 进 行第二次萃取, 压力保持在 30MPa, 萃取温度适当升高到 30°C, 萃取时 间为 1小时,得到萃取液, 为淡橙黄色较透明的乳化液,其比重为 1.000, 液体无苦味, 保持当归的原味清香, 几乎无沉淀, 置放 2周后, 仍然保 持乳化液状态, 没有新的沉淀析出, 说明当归提取液的性能十分稳定。
实施例 3、 应用本发明方法萃取当归
称取当归粗粉(与实施例 1中当归粗粉为同一批次) 5kg, 常温下浸 泡 12小时, 投入萃取罐, 然后加入常温水溶液大约 15kg, 萃取条件如表 1所示。
Figure imgf000015_0001
得到提取液为淡橙黄色较透明的乳化液, 其比重为 1.002, 液体无苦 味, 保持当归的原味清香, 几乎无沉淀, 置放 2周后, 仍然保持乳化液 状态, 没有新的沉淀析出, 说明当归提取液的性能十分稳定。
实施例 4、 采用本发明方法的当归提取液中阿魏酸含量的测定 按照中国药典 2000版一部附录 VI D中提供的高效液相色谱法进行 检测。
1 ) 阿魏酸对照品的液相色谱
阿魏酸对照品 0773— 9910 (中国药品生物制品检测所提供) 精细称取阿魏酸对照品 0.0050g,加甲醇制成每 1ml含 10 μ g的溶液。 精密吸取对照品溶液 10 μ 1, 注入高效液相色谱仪 (STD-10Avp, 日本刀 津公司) 测定色谱, 得到阿魏酸对照图谱, 如图 10所示, 纵坐标为时间 (分钟), 说明阿魏酸在 30分钟左右出峰。
2) 实施例 1的当归提取液中阿魏酸含量的检测
取实施例 1中萃取得到的提取液, 精细吸取 15ml, 置于具塞锥形瓶 中, 精密加入 90%甲醇溶液一盐酸(100: 1 )混合溶液 10ml, 称定重量, 超声处理 30分钟, 放冷至室温, 再称定重量, 用上述混合液补足减少的 重量, 滤过, 取续滤液, 即得。 精密吸取 10 μ 1, 注入高效液相色谱仪, 得到色谱, 如图 11所示。 由色谱仪的数字处理机, 可以计算得到: 每公 斤生药含阿魏酸 0.1803克。
3) 实施例 2的当归提取液中阿魏酸含量的检测
取实施例 2中萃取得到的提取液,阿魏酸含量检测过程如上 2)所述, 得到液相色谱图,如图 12所示。最后计算每公斤生药含阿魏酸 0.0577克。 与实施例 1 的提取液检测结果对比, 说明使用本发明方法一次提取后, 已经将药液中的大部分阿魏酸提取出来。
对照例 1、 使用乙醇连续回流提取当归
称取当归粗粉 (与实施例 1中当归粗粉为同一批次) 600g, 用 6倍 量的 70%乙醇加热回流提取两次, 第一次 4倍量, 第二次 2倍量, 每次 2 小时, 滤过, 合并滤液, 滤液回收乙醇, 浓缩至 1000ml (即每 ml提取液 相当于 0.6g当归饮片), 得到深棕色较透明的液体, 液体有苦味, 有轻微 沉淀。
回流提取后的药渣加 3倍量的 70%乙醇加热回流提取 2小时,滤过, 滤液回收乙醇并浓缩至 1000ml (即每 ml提取液相当于 0.6g当归饮片), 得到深棕色较透明的液体, 液体有苦味, 有轻微沉淀。
本对照例说明, 使用乙醇提取的传统方法, 乙醇使用量相对于原料 量比例很高, 而且提取液需要经过去除乙醇的步骤, 不仅乙醇消耗量大, 而且工艺繁琐。 得到的产品由于经过高温处理, 部分成分发生变化, 丧 失活性, 有苦味产生, 产品的外观和味道都不如由本发明方法得到的产
P 对照例 2、 实施例 2提取后的药渣水洗后使用乙醇连续回流提取 在实施例 1 中使用本发明方法提取后残留的药渣, 称取 1.35kg (相 当于干药材 600g), 温水冲洗后, 加 1800ml的 70%乙醇加热回流提取 2 小时,滤过,滤液回收乙醇并浓縮至 1000ml (即每 ml提取液相当于 0.6g 当归饮片), 得到淡黄色较透明液体, 有轻微沉淀。
本对照例是为了在下一步检测结果对照例 3中进一步说明本发明方 法的效果。
对照例 3、 阿魏酸含量检测结果的对照
1 )对照例 1的提取液中阿魏酸含量的检测
取对照例 1中得到的回流提取液, 检测过程如实施例 4中 2) 所述, 得到液相色谱图,如图 13所示。最后计算得到每公斤生药含阿魏酸 0.4952 克。
虽然该对照例中阿魏酸的含量要高于使用本发明方法得到的阿魏 酸, 但是由于当归中的有机成分除阿魏酸之外还有阿魏酸钠、 阿魏酸酯 等十几种成分, 采用乙醇提取的方法阿魏酸含量高的原因是由于阿魏酸 酯类脱脂而生成阿魏酸, 从而改变了原料组分。 本发明方法使用水作溶 剂, 基本不改变原料组分, 也不破坏组分的生物活性。 该对照例从实质 上说明传统的乙醇提取方法改变原料组分, 而本发明方法是进行全组分 提取, 不改变组分活性, 不发生化学变化。
2)对照例 2的提取液中阿魏酸含量的检测
取对照例 2中得到的提取液, 精密吸取 lml, 加入纯化水 14ml, 其 余检测过程如实施例 4中 2)所述, 得到液相色谱图, .如图 14所示。
该对照例图中无阿魏酸的峰值, 说明不含有阿魏酸, 表明残渣中已 经不含有阿魏酸。 说明采用本发明方法非线性临界萃取后, 原料中的阿 魏酸和阿魏酸酯类都可以完全提取出来, 以水为溶剂, 不仅可以提取水 溶性成分, 而且原料中的脂溶性物质 (阿魏酸) 也可以在水中乳化, 从 而萃取出来。

Claims

权利 要求书
1. 一种萃取方法, 其特征在于, 包括以下步骤:
原料粉碎浸泡, 在 25MPa— 35MPa压力范围内, 在 18KHz— 33KHz 频率范围内非线性振动下, 以水为溶剂,在 0°C— 50°C温度条件下进行萃 取, 即可得到含有原料活性组分的萃取液。 -
2.如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述萃取温度为 20 °C— 50。C。
3.如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述萃取时间为 1一 3小 时。
4.如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述原料与水溶剂的质 量比为 1 : 3—5。
5.如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述原料是中药或植物。
6.如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于进一步包括将所述萃取液 直接进行液体包装的步骤。
7.如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于进一步包括将所述萃取液 进行浓缩、 干燥处理的步骤。
8.—种萃取装置, 其包括萃取罐, 该萃取罐具有罐体和顶盖, 密封 罐体和顶盖的密封结构, 以及可向罐体输入水和输出萃取液的管道接口; 其特征在于该装置还具有与萃取罐相连,使萃取罐内部保持 lOOMpa以下 高压的高压泵; 在萃取罐内部设置有原料罐和发出振动频率在 18KHZ— 33KHz范围内的非线性振动装置; 所述顶盖上设有一出气孔和一导线连 接孔, 该出气孔与一密封阀相连, 通过该导线连接孔可将所述非线性振 动装置与萃取罐的外部电源相连; 一供水系统与所述输入水的管道接口 相连, 以向所述萃取罐输入水; 一料泵与一料液罐通过输出萃取液的管 道接口和所述萃取罐相连接。
9.如权利要求 8所述的装置, 其特征在于所述非线性振动装置是一 串由多个可发出非线性振动的振动器组成, 相邻振动器的轴线相互异面 垂直, 所述非线性振动器具有两端头部, 该端头部具有呈球面的输出曲 面, 在两端头部之间设有振动片, 在振动片的外部设有绝缘层, 一导线 连接振动片和萃取罐的外部电源。
10. 如权利要求 8或 9所述的装置,其特征在于所述原料罐为一圆 筒形支架, 其外侧包裹有一滤布袋, 在支架顶端的中央处设置有一悬挂 所述非线性振动装置的吊钩。
11. 如权利要求 8或 9所述的装置,其特征在于所述密封结构为卡 箍件和一位于罐体和顶盖之间的密封垫圈, 所述罐体外侧还设有使萃取 罐内液体循环的循环泵。
12. 如权利要求 8或 9所述的装置,其特征在于所述萃取罐的外部 还具有一使萃取罐内温度处于 20°C— 50°C的温控装置。
13. . 如权利要求 12所述的装置, 其特征在于所述温控装置为一处 于萃取罐的外部的保温加热层。
14. 如权利要求 8或 9所述的装置,其特征在于该供水系统具有水 处理器以及向萃取罐输入液体的水泵。
15. 如权利要求 8或 9所述的装置,其特征在于所述萃取罐通过输 出萃取液的管道接口和一料泵与一料液罐相连接。
16. 如权利要求 11所述的装置, 其特征在于所述循环泵为磁力泵。
17. 如权利要求 8或 9所述的装置,其特征在于所述顶盖上的密封 阀还与一空气压缩机相连。
18. 如权利要求 8所述的装置,其特征在于所述装置还包括一与所 述料液罐相连接的浓縮系统。
19. 如权利要求 18所述的装置, 其特征在于所述的浓缩系统为一 超声雾化装置, 其包括设在顶部的空气过滤器, 中部的雾化室, 位于雾 化室下方的集气室和排气风机, 在雾化室中设置多个超声波发生器, 在 雾化室侧壁上设有用来输入萃取液的进液口和排出浓缩液的出液口。
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CN113041648B (zh) * 2019-06-18 2022-05-17 厦门医学院 一种有底盖的用于中药制剂合成的萃取装置
CN115006873A (zh) * 2022-05-30 2022-09-06 江西樟树成方中药饮片有限公司 一种中药饮片制备时的原料浸泡装置
CN115006873B (zh) * 2022-05-30 2023-04-18 江西樟树成方中药饮片有限公司 一种中药饮片制备时的原料浸泡装置
CN114870430A (zh) * 2022-06-20 2022-08-09 信阳农林学院 一种中药原料连续萃取装置及萃取方法
CN117298650A (zh) * 2023-10-10 2023-12-29 真奥金银花药业有限公司 一种妇科中药洗剂的制备方法及装置
CN117298650B (zh) * 2023-10-10 2024-05-17 真奥金银花药业有限公司 一种妇科中药洗剂的制备方法及装置

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EP1704907A1 (en) 2006-09-27
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US7892579B2 (en) 2011-02-22

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