Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
  • C08F2/12—Polymerisation in non-solvents
  • C08F2/16—Aqueous medium
  • C08F2/18—Suspension polymerisation
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F257/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of aromatic monomers as defined in group C08F12/00
  • C08F257/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of aromatic monomers as defined in group C08F12/00 on to polymers of styrene or alkyl-substituted styrenes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
  • C08F2/46—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation
  • C08F2/48—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation by ultraviolet or visible light
  • C08F2/50—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation by ultraviolet or visible light with sensitising agents

Definitions

• the molecular weight and the molecular weight distribution of the polystyrene in a polymerization process of styrene monomer can be controlled, while the overall space-time-yield of the polymerization equipment is increased.
• this process does not require the use of a pre-polymerization process or the addition of seed particles.
• polymer particles especially particles of an undesired particle size resulting from earlier polymerization batches, may be recycled.
• the particles are preferably dissolved in the monomer for more than 50% during the heating of the reaction mixture to the polymerization temperature.
• continuous also includes continuous addition at variable rates and variable time intervals.
• the addition of initiator at variable rates is beneficial for using the cooling capacity of the polymerization reaction in the most optimal way and to prevent a so-called "run away" during the polymerization reaction.
• semi-continuous means an addition method wherein a number of portions of initiator are added to the polymerization mixture. If many portions are added at short intervals, the continuous addition method is being approached.
• the half-life requirement for the initiator is such that said initiator, when present in the reaction mixture at the polymerization temperature, decomposes for 50% or more (on a molar basis) in 60 minutes or less.
• the half-life is less than 50 minutes, more preferably less than 40 minutes, even more preferably less than 30 minutes and most preferably less than 15 minutes in the reaction mixture at the polymerization temperature.
• the half-life preferably is more than 0.5 minutes, more preferably more than 1 minute, even more preferably more than 2.5 minutes, and most preferably more than 5 minutes in the reaction mixture at the polymerization temperature.
• the minimum half-life is 0.5 minutes or more, otherwise the initiator is not effective.
• the polymerization temperature is at most 170°C.
• the reaction temperature is 150°C or lower, more preferably 130°C or lower.
• the half-life of all initiators used can be determined by conventional thermal decomposition studies in monochlorobenzene, as is known in the art (see for instance the brochure "Initiators for high polymers” with code 10737 obtainable from Akzo Nobel).
• Suitable classes of initiators that can be dosed and fulfill the half-life requirement for the initiator (depending on the actual polymerization temperature) are peroxydicarbonates, peroxycarbonates, peroxyesters, peroxyketals, diacyl- peroxides, dialkylperoxides, azo-initiators, ketone peroxides, and mixtures thereof.
• the resulting resin is further characterized in that it preferably has a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of at least 100,000 g/mol, more preferably of at least 125,000 g/mol, and most preferably of at least 150,000 g/mol, and that it has a Mw preferably of at most 500,000 g/mol, more preferably of at most 450,000 g/mol, and most preferably of at most 350,000 g/mol, measured in accordance with conventional gel permeation chromatography techniques using polystyrene standards.
• Mw weight average molecular weight

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
• Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
• Polymerization Catalysts (AREA)
• Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)

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• 2004
  • 2004-04-02 KR KR1020057019422A patent/KR101093477B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2004-04-02 PL PL04725375T patent/PL1613672T3/pl unknown
  • 2004-04-02 US US10/552,437 patent/US7132485B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2004-04-02 MX MXPA05011015A patent/MXPA05011015A/es active IP Right Grant
  • 2004-04-02 BR BRPI0409446A patent/BRPI0409446B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2004-04-02 CN CNB2004800129074A patent/CN100439406C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2004-04-02 EP EP04725375.2A patent/EP1613672B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2004-04-02 WO PCT/EP2004/003661 patent/WO2004089999A2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2004-04-02 JP JP2006505020A patent/JP4524279B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2004-04-13 CL CL200400789A patent/CL2004000789A1/es unknown
  • 2004-04-13 AR ARP040101243A patent/AR043865A1/es unknown
  • 2004-04-14 TW TW093110312A patent/TWI343924B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation

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