WO2004088826A1 - 回転電機及び電動車両 - Google Patents
回転電機及び電動車両 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004088826A1 WO2004088826A1 PCT/JP2004/001299 JP2004001299W WO2004088826A1 WO 2004088826 A1 WO2004088826 A1 WO 2004088826A1 JP 2004001299 W JP2004001299 W JP 2004001299W WO 2004088826 A1 WO2004088826 A1 WO 2004088826A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- rotor
- rotating
- shaft
- machine according
- movable member
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
- H02K7/12—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with auxiliary limited movement of stators, rotors or core parts, e.g. rotors axially movable for the purpose of clutching or braking
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/24—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets axially facing the armatures, e.g. hub-type cycle dynamos
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
- H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a rotating electrical machine and an electric vehicle that can freely adjust output characteristics.
- a drive source used for a vehicle is required to generate a large drive torque when traveling at a low speed, such as when the vehicle is starting or climbing a hill.
- the driving torque may be small during steady traveling, but it is required to rotate at high speed.
- an electric motor that can change the output characteristics is required.
- Japanese Patent No. 2749560 discloses a technique for changing the characteristics of a motor by adjusting the gap between the teeth of the stator and the magnet of the rotor.
- the motor of this technology is, as shown in FIG. 1, provided with a clamping / adjusting member 160 for adjusting the gap between a drum rotor 125, a stator 130 and a bush 146 and a drum rotor 125 as shown in FIG. .
- Fastening ⁇ Adjustment member 1 Operating the head 1 62 of the 60 and loosening the fastening ⁇ adjustment member 1 60, the elastic member 1 61 pushes 1 46 Keep away from As a result, the gap G between the magnet 1 4 1 of the rotor 1 2 5 and the stator 1 3 0 can be increased.
- Fastening ⁇ Tightening the adjustment member 160 can reduce the gap G between the magnet 14 1 and the stator 130. It is disclosed that by adjusting the gap G, a motor suitable for many specifications can be manufactured inexpensively.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 3-125154 discloses a technique for adjusting the gap between a rotor and a stator in a motor for rotationally driving a reel of a tape recorder. There is.
- the current flowing through the electromagnet is changed in proportion to the current flowing through the motor, and the gap is adjusted by the magnetic force of the electromagnet and a spring attached to the shaft of the motor.
- U.S. Pat. App. Pub. No. Hei 9-13 598 discloses a technique for changing the power generation characteristics of a motor used as a generator. By changing the overlap with the coil overnight, the amount of power generation can be adjusted.
- the electric motor has a greater degree of freedom in external shape than an internal combustion engine, and can realize a motor of a certain shape.
- the outer shape of the drive source is smaller than when using an internal combustion engine, for example, the drive source is disposed in the wheel of a wheel, etc. Outside the space allocated to the drive source It is possible to design in shape. However, if the size of the mechanism for changing the output characteristics of the electric motor is limited, the advantage of such an electric motor may be lost.
- the weight of the battery is relatively large compared to the capacity of the battery, so the travel distance of the vehicle can be extended as much as possible.
- the energy efficiency of the electric motor is preferably high. For this reason, it is required that the mechanism that changes the output characteristics should not significantly reduce the energy efficiency of the electric motor.
- the present invention solves at least one of the above problems and aims to provide a rotating electrical machine and an electrically powered vehicle capable of freely adjusting output characteristics ⁇
- the rotating electrical machine of the present invention extends in a first direction A rotating shaft, a first rotor coupled to the rotating shaft, the first rotor rotating with the rotating shaft, a first stage disposed to face the first port, the first rotor and the first rotor; And a movable mechanism for moving the first rotor so as to change the relative position with respect to the stage.
- the first stator is spaced apart and opposed to the first stator in the first direction
- the movable mechanism is configured to move the first rotor in the first direction.
- the gap between the first rotor and the first stage is adjusted by moving.
- the movable mechanism includes a movable member, and the ⁇ ! Moving member moves the first rotor away from the first stage by pushing the first rotor along the first direction. Move the first rotor.
- the movable member has a cylindrical shape having a through hole, and the rotation shaft is inserted into the through hole.
- the movable mechanism further includes a detent member engaged with the movable member so as to prevent the movable member from rotating with the first rotor.
- the movable mechanism further includes a bearing, and the movable member and the first rotor are in contact with each other via the bearing.
- the movable mechanism further includes a bearing provided between the movable member and the rotation shaft.
- the bearings are provided at least in the vicinity of both ends of the through hole of the movable member.
- the movable mechanism includes an adjustment motor, and converting the rotation of the adjustment motor into displacement in the first direction, and moving the first rotor in the first direction, A gap between the first rotor and the first stage is adjusted.
- the adjustment motor includes a second rotor having a through hole, the rotation shaft is inserted into the through hole of the second rotor, and the second rotor rotates around the rotation shaft.
- the movable mechanism further includes an adjustment motor, and the adjustment motor includes a second rotor provided with a through hole into which the rotating shaft and the movable member are inserted, and the through hole is provided.
- a screw is provided on the side surface to be defined, and a screw engaging with a screw on the inner surface of the second rotor is provided on the outer surface of the movable member.
- the rotating shaft passes through a second rotor of the adjusting motor, and an end is fixed by a bearing.
- the rotation shaft and the first rotor are coupled by a serration, and the first rotor is slidable along the first direction with respect to the rotation shaft.
- the first stator has a space provided in the vicinity of the rotation axis, and at least a part of the movable member is located in the space.
- the first rotor has a play rod shape having an axially-populated recess near the rotation axis.
- the apparatus further comprises: a drive shaft coaxially arranged with the rotation shaft; and a transmission configured to convert the rotational speed of the rotation shaft and transmit the rotation speed to the drive shaft, at least a part of the transmission Is inserted into the recess of the first rotor.
- the transmission is a reduction gear
- the reduction gear is provided on the rotation shaft, a sun gear, a ring gear, fixed to the drive shaft, and rotates around the rotation shaft, the sun gear And And a planetary gear that revolves around the drive shaft by meshing with the ring gear.
- the transmission and the movable mechanism are disposed apart from the first rotor.
- the apparatus further comprises a drive circuit for generating a magnetic field at the first stage, wherein the first stator includes a plurality of coils disposed on a circumference leaving a space, and the circle.
- the drive circuit is disposed in the space on the circumference.
- the rotation shaft and the rotor are integrally moved by the movable member.
- the apparatus further comprises a drive shaft coaxially arranged with the rotation shaft, wherein the rotation shaft and the drive shaft are coupled by a serration, and the rotation shaft is with respect to the drive shaft. It is slidable along the first direction.
- An electric vehicle includes: a rotating electrical machine defined in any of the above; and a wheel driven by the rotating electrical machine.
- An electric vehicle includes: a rotating electrical machine defined in any of the above; and a wheel driven by the rotating electrical machine.
- An electric vehicle includes the rotating electric machine defined in any of the above and a wheel driven by the rotating electric machine.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a conventional motor.
- FIG. 2 is a side view of the electric motorcycle according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the rod 3 is a perspective view of the electric motorcycle shown in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure in the vicinity of the electric motor of the electric motorcycle shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the reduction gear shown in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the electric motor shown in FIG.
- the figure is a graph showing the torque characteristics of the electric motor of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the output characteristics of the electric motor of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure in the vicinity of the electric motor of the electric motorcycle according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure in the vicinity of an electric motor of an electric motorcycle according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Best mode for carrying out the invention
- a first embodiment of a rotating electrical machine and an electric vehicle of the present invention will be described.
- an electric motorcycle is illustrated as the electric vehicle.
- FIG. 2 is a side view showing the electric motorcycle 1 according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the electric motorcycle 1 as viewed from the rear.
- the electric two-wheeled vehicle 1 includes a front wheel 6, a rear wheel 22, an electric motor 28 and a battery 14.
- the electric motor 28 is rotated by the electric power obtained from the battery 14.
- the rear wheel 22 is driven by the rotation.
- the entire structure of the electric motorcycle 1 will be described in order from the front of the vehicle body.
- the electric two-wheeled vehicle 1 is provided with a head pipe 2 at an upper front portion of the vehicle body, and a steering shaft (not shown) is rotatably inserted into the head pipe 2.
- Hender 3 is attached to the upper end of the steering shaft.
- grips 4 are provided, and the grip on the right side constitutes a throttle grip.
- a meter 8 is provided near the center of the handle 3.
- a head lamp 9 is disposed below the meter 8, and a flasher lamp 10 (only the left side is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3) is provided on both sides thereof.
- a pair of left and right vehicle body frames 1 1 is provided extending from the head pipe 2 toward the rear of the vehicle body.
- Body frame 1 1 has a round pipe shape and extends obliquely downward from head pipe 2 and is bent in an arc at a height about the center of rear wheel 22 and extends approximately horizontally to the rear of the vehicle body ing.
- a pair of left and right vehicle body frames 12 are provided to be directed obliquely upward from the rear end of each vehicle body frame 1 1 and are connected to each other at the ends.
- a battery 14 is disposed between the pair of body frames 12.
- a seat 13 is fixed to the vehicle body frame 1 2 above the battery 14.
- a U-shaped seat stay (not shown) is horizontally connected to the front of the vehicle body with its bottom facing forward and connected to the vehicle body frame 12, and a pair of left and right stays 1 5 connected to the vehicle body frame 12 (see FIG. 2 and in Figure 3 (only shown on the left). Cee ⁇ 13 is connected to part of this seat so as to be able to open and close.
- a rear end of the body frame 12 is provided with a lyafenda 16, and a tail lamp 17 and a flash lamp 18 disposed so as to sandwich the tail lamp 17 are provided.
- a pair of left and right rear arm brackets 1 9 (only the left side is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3) are welded to the rear end of the vehicle body frame 1 1.
- the front end of the rear arm 20 is supported on the rear end bracket 19 so that it can swing up and down by the pivot shaft 2 1 (The rear wheel 22 can rotate at the rear end of the rear arm 20) It is supported and the whole of Rya 1 20 is suspended by Lya cushion 2 3 to the body frame 1 2.
- the rear end portion of Ryaam 2 0 is the width of the vehicle.
- a flat electric motor 28 is accommodated in the direction The electric motor 28 drives the rear wheel 22.
- Footsteps 2 4 (only the left side is shown in Figures 2 and 3) are provided under the left and right body frame 1 1 respectively.
- the side stand 25 is rotatably supported relative to the rear arm 20 by an axis 26.
- the side stand 25 is biased to the side where the side stand 25 stands by the return spring 2 end.
- FIG. 4 shows a cross section in the vicinity of the rear wheel 22 and the electric motor 28.
- the left side is the forward direction of the vehicle body, and the upper side of the figure is the right side of the vehicle body.
- the rear end portion of the rear arm 20 constitutes a case 201 for housing the electric motor 28, and a cover 202 is attached to the case 201.
- an electric motor 28 provided with a rotary shaft 44, a reduction gear 51 provided with a rear axle 221 which is a drive shaft, and a first drive circuit 1 (shown in FIG. And a second drive circuit 48 are housed.
- the rotating shaft 44 of the electric motor 18 and the rear axle 221 of the reduction gear 51 are coaxial so that their respective axis centers on a straight line in the first direction A 1. Are arranged. The rotation of the electric motor is transmitted to the reduction gear 51 via the rotation shaft 44, and the rotation of the reduction gear 51 is reduced and transmitted to the rear axle 221.
- the rotating shaft 44 and the rear axle 221 are rotatably supported by bearings 204 and 203 respectively. These axes are supported so as not to move in the axial direction (first direction).
- the rear wheel 22 includes a wheel 224 provided on the outer periphery of the wheel 222 and the wheel 222.
- the wheel 222 is inserted into the rear axle 221 and fixed by a nut 223.
- the rear axle 221 and the foil 222 are mechanically coupled, for example, by a serration (serrated structure), and the rotation of the rear axle 221 is transmitted to the foil 222.
- the foil 222 can store a part of the reduction gear 51 and the electric motor 28, It is preferable to have an arched rotational cross-sectional shape centering on the part where the rear axle 221 is inserted.
- FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view showing the structure of the reduction gear 51.
- the reduction gear 51 includes a housing 51 a, a planetary gear 51 c, and a sun gear 44 a (FIG. 4) provided on the outer periphery of the rotation shaft 44.
- the planetary gear 51c is housed in a space formed by a support plate 51d having a support shaft 51e and a holder 51f, and is supported rotatably around the support shaft 51e. It is preferable to provide an oil-impregnated bearing 51g around the hole into which the support shaft 51e is inserted in order to reduce the friction between the planetary gear 51c and the support shaft 51e.
- the holder 51 f is provided with holes 51 I into which the sun gear 44 a of the rotation shaft 44 is inserted.
- the rear axle 221 is fixed at the center of the support plate 51d.
- the housing 51a has a cylindrical inner space, and a ring gear 51b is provided on the side defining the inner space.
- the planetary gear 51 c held by the support plate 51 d and the holder 51 f is inserted into the inner space of the housing 51 a, and the planetary gear 51 c and the ring gear 51 b are in mesh with each other. It matches with the sun gear 44a and the planetary gear 51c of the rotating shaft 44 inserted from the hole 51 h.
- a reduction gear having a planetary gear structure is used, but a reduction gear having another structure may be used.
- the rotation can be decelerated coaxially with the rotating shaft 4 4 of the electric motor 2 8, and the rotating shafts of the rear wheel 22 and the motor 2 8 are coaxially arranged.
- this can be c makes possible a part of the reduction gear 5 1 and the electric motor 2 8 accommodated in the recessed space of the foil 2 2 2 having an arcuate cross section, adopts the structure of so-called Hoiruin. Thereby, a compact drive wheel with wheels can be realized.
- FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view showing the structure of the electric motor 28.
- the electric motor 28 includes a first stator 31, a first rotor 40, a movable mechanism 2, and the above-mentioned rotation shaft 44.
- the first stator 3 1 is roughly formed in a ring shape.
- the first stator 31 is molded entirely with resin etc., housed in the case 201 and fixed with bolts etc.
- the teeth 32 are wound, and each coil 33 is disposed leaving a space S 1 on the circumference indicated by the broken line R 1.
- Figure in the space S 1 where the coil 3 3 is not placed As shown in 6, a first drive circuit 7 1 is disposed.
- the first stator 3 1 has a space 3 1 a surrounded by the coil 33 and the first drive circuit 1.
- the first drive circuit 1 can be arranged on the same plane as the first stator 3 1 and the vicinity of the rear wheel 22. Vehicle width can be reduced.
- the protrusion of the case 20 1 can be reduced. As a result, the electric motorcycle falls over, and the case 201 comes in contact with the road surface and the like, and the electric motor 28 and the like stored in the case 201 become less likely to be damaged.
- the first rotor 40 includes a disk-shaped yoke 41 and brackets 8 98.
- the yoke 4 1 is constituted by a ring-shaped flat portion located in the outer peripheral portion and a recess having a space 4 1 a on the inner side.
- the space 4 1 a is formed in a size that can accommodate a part of the reduction gear 5 1.
- the yoke 4 1 is formed with a convex portion having a shape corresponding to the space 4 1 a.
- Such a shape can be obtained, for example, by two-stage drawing of a metal plate formed in a ring shape by punching.
- Magnets 4 2 (FIG. 4) with alternately different polarities are arranged on the surface of the yoke 4 1 opposite to the first stator 3 1.
- a through hole is provided at the center of the yoke 4 1, and the upper portion of the bracket 98 is fitted in the through hole.
- the upper portion of the bracket has a radially extending flat portion, and is fixed by a bolt at a portion where the flat portion and the yoke 4 1 overlap.
- Bearings 4 and 5 are fitted to the lower part of the bracket from the outside Or it is in contact.
- the bracket has a central hole, and an axially extending groove (slit or serrated) 98 b is provided on the side surface defining the central hole.
- the rotation shaft 4 4 is also provided with a groove 4 4 b that fits into the groove 9 8 b.
- the rotation shaft 4 4 is inserted into the center hole of the bracket 9 8 so that the groove 4 4 b fits with the groove 9 8 b.
- the rotation of the first rotor 40 is transmitted to the rotation shaft 44 by mechanically coupling the grooves 44 b and the grooves 98 b with a ceresion.
- the rotary shaft 44 inserted into the first rotor 40 is further inserted into the movable mechanism 72, and the first rotor 40 opposes the first stator 31 and One end thereof is rotatably supported by a bearing 4 4 so as to be held apart in the direction A 1 of.
- a portion of the convex portion of the yoke 4 1 provided on the surface facing the first stator 3 1 of the first rotor 40 is inserted into the space 3 1 a of the first stator 3 1. That is, a part of the space 4 1 a defined by the first rotor 40 is positioned to enter the space 3 1 a of the first stator 3 1 and viewed from the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis 4 4 Are overlapping.
- the reduction gear 51 a part of which is held in the space 41a, is positioned so as to partially overlap the space 31a of the first stator 31.
- the electric motor 28 and the reduction gear 21 are coaxially arranged, the axial length of the space required to arrange them can be shortened.
- the protrusion of the case 201 can be reduced. Therefore, even if the electric motorcycle falls over, The electric motor 28 and the like stored in the case 2 0 1 are less likely to be damaged when the case 2 0 1 contacts the road surface or the like. It is also excellent in design.
- the movable mechanism 2 moves the first rotor so that the relative position between the first rotor 40 and the first stator 3 1 changes. More specifically, the movable mechanism 2 moves the first rotor 40 along the first direction A 1 to move the magnet 4 2 of the first rotor 40 and the first stator 3. Adjust the gap G with 1. To this end, the movable mechanism end 2 includes a movable member 4 end, a rotation stopping member 99, and an adjustment motor 60.
- the movable member 47 has a cylindrical slider 4a and a bearing 4d connected to the upper end of the slider 4a.
- the bearing part 4d fits and holds the bearing 4 from the outside.
- the slider 4a is provided with a through hole into which the rotation shaft 4 4 is inserted.
- a flat portion 4 7 c is formed at the top of the outer surface of the slider 4a.
- the end of the movable member 4 including the bearing 47 d is inserted into the space 31 a of the first rotor 40. That is, a part of the movable mechanism end 2 is inserted into the space 31 a so as to overlap the first rotor 40. As a result, the length of the electric motor 28 in the first direction A 1 can be shortened.
- the locking member 9 9 has a cylindrical hole into which the slider 4 a of the movable member 4 7 is inserted, and a flat portion 9 9 c is formed on the inner surface of the hole to be engaged with the flat portion 4 c. It is done.
- the lower part of the locking member 99 has a flange shape and is fixed to the case 21.
- the slider 4a inserted into the through hole of the detent member 9 9 engages with the flat portion 4c of the detent member 9 9 in contact with the flat portion 9c of the detent member 9 and engages. Therefore, although it is movable in the first direction A 1, it is prevented from rotating around the rotation axis 4 4.
- the rotation stop member 9 can move the movable member 4 in the first direction, and can limit the rotation of the movable member 4 around the rotation axis 4 4. And may be provided.
- the slider 4a has a rectangular cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of the slider 4a, and the hole of the locking member 99 may be shaped to engage with the cross section.
- the cross section and hole may have a shape with a part of the circle missing.
- the oil-impregnated bearings 1 0 1 and 1 0 2 rotatably supporting the rotation shaft 4 4 in the through hole of the slider 4 end a of the movable member 4 7 is the upper end of the slider 4 end a And at the lower end. Since the oil-impregnated bearing is composed of a smaller number of members as compared to a bearing having rolling elements such as balls, it is generally inexpensive and contributes to the reduction of cost. By this, the movable member 4 is supported so as to be rotatable around the rotation shaft 4 4. Also, a screw 4b is provided on the outer surface of the slider 4a.
- the adjustment motor 2 moves the first rotor 40 by moving the movable member 4 1 in the first direction A 1.
- the adjustment motor 2 is, for example, a stepping motor, and includes a cylindrical second stator 61 and a cylindrical second rotor 62.
- the second stator 61 has a plurality of coils 63, and has holes into which the second rotor 62 is inserted.
- the second stator 6 1 is fixed to case 2 0 1.
- Connected to the coil 6 3 is a second drive circuit 48 for driving the adjustment motor 2. It is done.
- the second rotor 62 includes a cylindrical portion 65 and a magnet 64 having a plurality of magnetic poles disposed outside the cylindrical portion 65.
- the cylindrical portion 65 is provided with a through hole into which the slider 4 7 a of the movable member 4 and the rotation shaft 4 4 are inserted.
- the inner surface of the through hole is provided with a screw 6 5 b that fits with the screw 4 b of the slider 4 a.
- the second port 62 2 and the second port 61 1 are arranged coaxially with the rotation shaft 44 c.
- both ends of the cylindrical portion 65 are anti-rotation members 9 9 and case 2 It is rotatably supported by a bearing 66 fixed at 0 1.
- the adjustment motor 2 When the adjustment motor 2 is driven and the second rotor 62 is rotated, the rotation of the second rotor 62 is transmitted to the slider 4 7 a by the screw 4 7 b which is engaged with the screw 6 5 b. However, the rotation of the slider 4a is prevented by the detent member 99. Therefore, by the rotation of the second port 622, the screw 65b moves the screw 4b to the pitch of the screw at a rate corresponding to the pitch of the screw in the first direction A1. That is, the slider 4a moves in the first direction A 1. As a result, the movable member 4 moves the first port 40 along the first direction A 1 and changes the gap ⁇ 3 between the first rotor 40 and the first stator 3 1.
- the adjustment range of the gap G is determined by the output characteristics required for the electric motor 28. For example, in the present embodiment, it is adjusted in the range of 1 m to 10 m.
- a helical asperity may be provided on the inner side surface of the cylindrical portion 65 as in the case of a resin, and the asperity may be provided on the outer side of the slider 4a as well, and the asperities may be engaged with each other.
- a spiral groove may be provided on one of the inner side surface of the cylindrical portion 65 and the outer side surface of the slider 4a, and a pin that engages with the groove may be disposed on the other side.
- the operation of the electric motor 28 will be described.
- a magnetic field is generated, and the generated magnetic field is between the magnetic field of the first stator 40 and the magnet 42 of the first stator 40.
- the first motor 40 rotates as with a normal motor.
- the rotation of the first rotor 40 is transmitted to the rotation shaft 44, the rotation speed is reduced in the reduction gear 51, and the rotation is transmitted to the rear axle 22.
- the movable mechanism 3 is used. C Specifically, When the coil 63 for adjustment motor 2 is driven by the drive circuit 48 for 2, the second port 62 is rotated. Then, the screw 6 5 b of the second port 62 and the screw 4 b of the slider 4 a are engaged with each other, and the movable member 4 moves parallel to the first direction A 1. For example, move to the top of the drawing as shown by the arrow. As a result, the first rotor 40 is pushed up via the bearing 45, and the first rotor 40 moves upward. As a result, the gap G becomes large.
- the gap G can be adjusted even if the first rotor 40 is rotating. Conversely, even if the rotation of the first rotor 40 is stopped, the gap G can be changed.
- the second rotor 62 of the adjustment motor 72 is rotated in the opposite direction to the above, the movable member 4 is parallel to the first direction A 1 and moves downward in the drawing. Along with this, the first rotor 40 is pulled down via the bearing 45, and the first rotor 40 moves downward. As a result, the gap G becomes smaller. The first rotor 40 is moved so as to approach the first stator 31. The first rotor 40 stops even if it is rotating.
- Figures 7 and 8 are graphs schematically showing the output characteristics of the electric motor 28.
- the figure shows the torque with respect to the rotational speed of the electric motor 28 and
- FIG. 8 shows the output with respect to the rotational speed.
- the gap G can be continuously changed during rotation of the electric motor by the movable mechanism, as shown by T 3 in FIG. 7 and P 3 in FIG. It is possible to change the torque and output continuously and to drive the electric motor 28 to a high rotational speed.
- the electric two-wheeled vehicle 1 rotates the rear wheel 22 with a large torque at the time of starting or climbing, etc.
- traveling in a state it is possible to increase the number of revolutions of the motor and operate the electric motorcycle at a high speed.
- the gap G is set in the direction of the attraction force acting on the magnet 42 of the first rotor 40 and the teeth of the first stator 31.
- the amount of magnetic flux changes significantly due to a slight change in the gap. Therefore, by slightly changing the gap G, the output characteristics change significantly.
- the rotation of the adjustment motor is converted to movement of the movable member in the first direction by the screw.
- the amount of movement of the movable member is determined by the pitch of the screw, and the movement of the movable member can be accurately controlled by the rotation of the adjustment motor.
- the movable member by the pitch of the screw It is possible to easily adjust the amount of movement of the Therefore, it is possible to control the output characteristics accurately by using the adjustment motor in a region where the amount of magnetic flux in the gap G changes significantly. Also, since it is not necessary to increase the gap G, it is possible to reduce the axial thickness of the electric motor.
- the magnet of the first rotor 40 and the teeth of the first stator 3 1 face each other in the first direction A 1 which is the rotational axis direction of the first rotor 40.
- a gap G is preferably provided to adopt an axial gap structure, and it is preferable to adjust the output characteristics by moving the first rotor 40 in the rotation axis direction.
- Some electric motors have a radial gap structure in which the rotor and stator teeth face in the radial direction, but in this case, it is complicated to move the rotor radially to change the output characteristics. Structure is required, and the structure for moving it becomes large.
- the adjustment motor moves the first rotor to adjust the gap between the first rotor and the first stage, and the magnetic flux By changing the amount, the output characteristics of the electric motor can be adjusted.
- the first rotor and the rotary shaft of the electric motor are connected with each other by kneading the teeth of the serrations, so that a large rotary force by the first rotor can be transmitted to the rotary shaft with certainty. Only the first rotor can slide relative to the rotation axis. Since the position of the rotation shaft does not change after moving the first rotor, the rotation shaft can be securely fixed to a case or the like, and the first rotor can be stably rotated.
- the movable mechanism is disposed coaxially with the rotation axis of the first rotor, the direction of the force generated between the first rotor and the first stator generated by the suction force of the magnet and the movable member The movement direction can be roughly matched.
- the movable member can be moved stably without applying a large offset load to the movable mechanism.
- the configuration of the movable mechanism can be simplified.
- the adjustment motor may be a small motor with a small output. Therefore, the entire electric motor can be made compact and lightweight.
- the energy efficiency of the adjustment motor is high, the battery capacity can be reduced when the electric motor is driven by a battery.
- the reduction gear and the movable mechanism are disposed sandwiching the first rotor and the first stator in the direction of the rotation axis. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the complication of the structure by arranging them on the same side and to increase the freedom of shape You can In addition, since the reduction gear and a part of the movable mechanism are respectively intruded from both sides into the space of the first state and can overlap with the space of the first stator, the thickness in the rotational axis direction is A compact and compact electric motor can be realized. In addition, when the present invention is applied to a wheel-in motor of an electric vehicle as in the present embodiment, the weight of the rotating electrical machine having a large weight is approximately located on the axle, so that no weight deviation occurs. Improves stability during swirling.
- the rotary shaft passes through the movable member as the movable mechanism and the adjustment motor, the rotary shaft can be supported by a stable member such as an arm of a case-type electric two-wheeled vehicle housing the electric motor. If the rotary shaft does not penetrate, one end of the rotary shaft must be supported by the movable member of the movable mechanism.
- the movable member since the movable member has a movable structure, its support becomes unstable, and rattling of the rotating shaft may occur. In addition, vibration and noise may be generated, as well as problems such as loss of rotational energy due to friction and metal fatigue. In order to prevent this, it is necessary to increase the strength of the movable member and the structure supporting the movable member, which may lead to an increase in weight and the like.
- the movable member is supported by the rotating shaft penetrating through the oil-impregnated bearing. For this reason, when the teeth of the first stage are partly missing and the first rotor receives a force from the first stage so that the first rotor is inclined, the first rotor and the movable member are The inclination can be suppressed by the rotation axis. As a result, between the movable member and the first rotor The movable member can be stably moved in the direction of the rotation axis without causing a large friction and the first rotor can be moved. In addition, energy loss due to friction can be reduced and the energy efficiency of the electric motor can be increased. When the electric motor is driven by a battery, the capacity of the battery can be reduced, and the weight is reduced, so the weight of the whole vehicle is reduced, and the travel distance can be extended.
- the movable member is arranged to contact the first rotor on the side pressing against the suction force generated between the first rotor and the first stage, the movable member and the first rotor In between, a pushing force is generated. Therefore, when a bearing is provided between them, the structure of the movable mechanism can be simplified as compared with the case where a tensile force is generated between the movable member and the first rotor, It is effective to miniaturize the mechanism, reduce the number of parts and reduce the cost. In addition, when the movable mechanism is fixed to an arm or the like in the case-type motorcycle, a simple structure can be adopted.
- the inclination can be absorbed or reduced by the gap inside the bearing or the like.
- the sliding resistance between the rotary shaft and the first rotor can be reduced, and generation of vibration and noise can be prevented, and at the same time, a small and small output for the adjustment motor is used. And can drive the movable member with low power consumption.
- the electric motorcycle is provided with a reduction gear, and the rotation of the electric motor is decelerated and transmitted to the rear axle.
- a transmission may be provided which accelerates the rotation or increases the rotational speed.
- a variable transmission that can change the rotational speed may be provided.
- the electric motorcycle may be equipped with other mechanical elements such as a one-way clutch.
- the movable member and the bearing, and the bearing and the first rotor may not be completely connected.
- the movable member pushes the first rotor against the suction force of the first stage and the first rotor, so these connections are made.
- the first rotor can move without fail.
- the movable member is moved until the first rotor contacts the movable member due to the attraction between the first stage and the first rotor. In order to move, the first rotor can be moved reliably without these connections being made.
- the movable mechanism can be brought into contact with the first rotor to pull the first rotor.
- suction can be used to move the first rotor in the suction direction.
- FIG. 9 shows the main part of a second embodiment of the rotating electrical machine and the electric vehicle according to the present invention.
- the electric motor which is the rotating electrical machine of the present embodiment, differs from the first embodiment in that the rotating shaft is fixed to the first rotor.
- the other structure is the same as that of the first embodiment, so the same reference numeral is given, and the description of the same structure is omitted to avoid duplication,
- the rotating shaft 440 is integrally formed including a bracket, and the bracket is fixed to the first rotor 40.
- An oil-impregnated bearing 2040 is provided at one end of the rotary shaft 440 instead of the bearing 204, and one end of the rotary shaft 440 is axially slidably supported with respect to the case 201.
- an oil-impregnated bearing 2050 is provided in the reduction gear, and the other end of the rotating shaft 4400 is supported by a roller which can slide in the axial direction with respect to the rear axle 221.
- the first rotor 40 and the rotating shaft 4400 move integrally.
- the gap between the first stator 31 and the first rotor 40 can be adjusted.
- the sun gear 44 a of the rotation shaft 440 moves in parallel with the first direction and slides on the planetary gear 51 c.
- the first rotor 40 and the rotating shaft 4400 are fixed, there is no need to provide a gap for sliding the rotating shaft between the rotating shaft 440 and the first rotor 40.
- the rotation shaft 440 and the first rotor 40 integrally rotate without looseness.
- the first rotor 40 can be stably rotated.
- the displacement of the rotation shaft 440 is absorbed by the reduction gear, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of an unpleasant running filling due to displacement of the tire position due to displacement of the rear axle 22 1 as the drive shaft. it can.
- FIG. 10 shows the main part of a third embodiment of the rotating electrical machine and the electric vehicle according to the present invention.
- the present embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that the reduction gear 51 is not provided.
- the rotation shaft 440 includes an integrally formed bracket, and the bracket is fixed to the first rotor 40.
- the rear axle 2210 has a space coaxially enclosing the end of the rotation shaft 4400, and the side defining the space and the outer surface of the rotation shaft 4400 are connected by a seal.
- the first rotor 40 and the rotational shaft 4400 are physically moved.
- the gap between the first stator 31 and the first rotor 40 can be adjusted.
- the rotation shaft 4400 and the rear wheel shaft 2210 are coupled by serration to transmit the rotation of the rotation shaft 4400 to the rear axle 2210 while permitting the movement of the rotation shaft 4400 in the first direction.
- the outer shape of the drive mechanism can be made smaller.
- the same effect as that of the second embodiment can be obtained.
- the shape of the rotating electrical machine shown in the above embodiment is an example. By moving the rotor of the rotating electrical machine relative to the stator in the axial direction, the amount of magnetic flux can be changed and the output characteristics can be adjusted. It is sufficient if the rotary electric machine has the above shape. Further, in the above embodiment, although the magnet is arranged on the rotor side, the present invention can be applied to a rotating electric machine in which a magnet is arranged on the stator side and a coil is arranged on the rotor side. .
- the motor is exemplified as the rotating electric machine in the above embodiment
- the present invention is a generator and is a drive motor in an electric vehicle, and can be used as a generator and motor like a regenerative brake. Good bye.
- the present invention can be applied to electric vehicles having three or more wheels.
- the front wheels of the electric two-wheeled vehicle may be used as drive wheels, or the front wheels and the rear wheels may be driven by an electric motor.
- another drive device for example, an internal combustion engine such as an engine may be provided.
- the relative position between the rotor and the stator in the direction of the rotation axis can be adjusted by the movable mechanism, a rotary electric machine capable of adjusting the output characteristic is realized.
- This rotary electric machine can be suitably used for various types of electric vehicles, and in particular, can be suitably used for electric motorcycles.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/551,515 US7309941B2 (en) | 2003-03-31 | 2004-02-06 | Rotating electric machine and electric vehicle |
JP2005504136A JP4555774B2 (ja) | 2003-03-31 | 2004-02-06 | 回転電機及び電動車両 |
EP04708851.3A EP1615319B1 (en) | 2003-03-31 | 2004-02-06 | Rotating electric machine and electric vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003096677 | 2003-03-31 | ||
JP2003096700 | 2003-03-31 | ||
JP2003-096677 | 2003-03-31 | ||
JP2003-096700 | 2003-03-31 | ||
JP2003-096686 | 2003-03-31 | ||
JP2003096686 | 2003-03-31 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004088826A1 true WO2004088826A1 (ja) | 2004-10-14 |
Family
ID=33135760
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2004/001299 WO2004088826A1 (ja) | 2003-03-31 | 2004-02-06 | 回転電機及び電動車両 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7309941B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1615319B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4555774B2 (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI239712B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004088826A1 (ja) |
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EP1750358A2 (en) | 2005-08-05 | 2007-02-07 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Rotary electrical machine |
JP2007062713A (ja) * | 2005-08-05 | 2007-03-15 | Yamaha Motor Co Ltd | 回転電機を搭載する鞍乗型車両、及び回転電機の取り付け方法 |
EP2575243A2 (en) | 2011-09-29 | 2013-04-03 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Electric motor |
US11244610B2 (en) | 2017-06-30 | 2022-02-08 | Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd. | Display panel, display device and control method for display panel |
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JP2007062713A (ja) * | 2005-08-05 | 2007-03-15 | Yamaha Motor Co Ltd | 回転電機を搭載する鞍乗型車両、及び回転電機の取り付け方法 |
EP2575243A2 (en) | 2011-09-29 | 2013-04-03 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Electric motor |
CN103036375A (zh) * | 2011-09-29 | 2013-04-10 | 本田技研工业株式会社 | 电动机 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TW200428748A (en) | 2004-12-16 |
JPWO2004088826A1 (ja) | 2006-07-06 |
US7309941B2 (en) | 2007-12-18 |
EP1615319A4 (en) | 2010-06-16 |
EP1615319B1 (en) | 2013-04-10 |
JP4555774B2 (ja) | 2010-10-06 |
TWI239712B (en) | 2005-09-11 |
EP1615319A1 (en) | 2006-01-11 |
US20070029887A1 (en) | 2007-02-08 |
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