WO2004082138A1 - 整合回路 - Google Patents
整合回路 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004082138A1 WO2004082138A1 PCT/JP2004/003407 JP2004003407W WO2004082138A1 WO 2004082138 A1 WO2004082138 A1 WO 2004082138A1 JP 2004003407 W JP2004003407 W JP 2004003407W WO 2004082138 A1 WO2004082138 A1 WO 2004082138A1
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- matching
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- matching block
- parallel
- series
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H7/00—Multiple-port networks comprising only passive electrical elements as network components
- H03H7/38—Impedance-matching networks
- H03H7/383—Impedance-matching networks comprising distributed impedance elements together with lumped impedance elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/02—Coupling devices of the waveguide type with invariable factor of coupling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
- H03F1/56—Modifications of input or output impedances, not otherwise provided for
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/005—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges
- H04B1/0067—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges with one or more circuit blocks in common for different bands
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/02—Transmitters
- H04B1/04—Circuits
- H04B1/0458—Arrangements for matching and coupling between power amplifier and antenna or between amplifying stages
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
- H03F2200/111—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers the amplifier being a dual or triple band amplifier, e.g. 900 and 1800 MHz, e.g. switched or not switched, simultaneously or not
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a matching circuit, and in particular, is used in a multi-band matching circuit that establishes matching between circuits having different impedances in a plurality of frequency bands, and further used in communication equipment such as mobile communication and satellite communication terminals.
- the present invention relates to a matching circuit suitable for configuring a small multi-band high-efficiency power amplifier that amplifies signals in a plurality of frequency bands with high efficiency.
- wireless devices are required to be multiband capable of processing signals in a plurality of frequency bands.
- a power amplifier is an indispensable device included in a wireless device.
- it is necessary to match the impedance between the amplifier and its peripheral circuits, and a matching circuit is used.
- the configuration of the SOOMHz / l. 5-GHz band power amplifier disclosed in the above document will be described with reference to FIG.
- the power amplifier in Fig. 1 has an input switch 11 and an 800 MHz band amplifier 21.
- the transmitted signal converted to radio frequency is supplied to an input switch 11 for an amplifier 21 designed for each frequency band.
- each of the amplifiers 21 and 22 in FIG. 1 includes an input-side matching circuit 25, an amplifying element 26, and an output-side matching circuit 27. Both matching circuits 25 and 27 are designed to provide impedance matching between the signal source 23 and the amplifying element and between the widening element 26 and the load 28 in the frequency band of the input signal. .
- the input / output impedance of the amplifier 26 differs depending on the frequency, and when amplifying signals having different frequency bands, matching circuits designed for each band are required on the input side and the output side.
- the installation area is about double.
- the installation area is approximately a multiple of the system.
- the matching circuit is a part of the amplifier that has a large proportion of the installation area, and poses a problem.
- SPnT single pole throw
- FIG. 3 shows the configuration of a high-efficiency power amplifier, which uses an input-side matching circuit 25, an amplifying element 26, an output-side matching circuit 27, and a harmonic processing circuit 24.
- the harmonic processing circuit 24 terminates the power amplifier under a load condition that short-circuits all the even-order harmonics and opens all the odd-order harmonics. If this termination condition is set, the maximum efficiency of 100% can be theoretically obtained.
- the harmonic processing circuit 24 is not limited to this design method.
- the input / output matching circuits 25, 27 and harmonics optimized for each frequency band used It is necessary to use the processing circuit 24. Therefore, in the conventional two-band multi-band high-efficiency power amplifier, in order to amplify the two-band signal, the input matching circuit 25, the amplifying element 26, and the harmonic processing circuit 2 optimized for each frequency band are required. 4.
- Two output side matching circuits 27 were provided, and as shown in Fig. 1, they were switched and used by SPDT (Single Pole Double Throw) switches, that is, single pole double throw switches 11 and 12.
- the entire circuit area increases as the number of operating bands increases. For example, if you want to amplify an n-band signal, you need n matching circuits, n harmonic processing circuits, and n amplifying elements, and the circuit area is about n times larger.
- the matching circuit and the harmonic processing circuit are circuits that have a large proportion of the circuit area in the amplifier and pose a problem.
- an SPnT (Single Pole n Throw) switch is required as an input / output switch.However, this SPnT switch has a complicated configuration, and it is difficult to manufacture a high-performance switch.
- an increase in the number of systems will lead to an increase in switch input loss.
- an SPnT switch is introduced in the output side matching circuit, the input loss will cause a decrease in efficiency, and it will be particularly difficult to use it in portable equipment.
- a method using a wideband design can be considered as the multiband matching circuit.
- the broadband circuit the number of elements that make up the matching circuit increases, resulting in lower gain and efficiency than narrowband designs. Therefore, especially when applied to a power amplifier, the size of the device increases and the performance deteriorates.
- An object of the present invention is to be used in a small multi-band matching circuit capable of performing impedance matching in a plurality of frequency bands with a small number of elements, and further used in communication equipment such as mobile communication and satellite communication terminals.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a matching circuit suitable for configuring a small multi-band high-efficiency power amplifier that amplifies signals in a plurality of frequency bands with high efficiency. Disclosure of the invention
- a main matching probe that is introduced into the signal path and is matched at least in the first frequency band
- One end is connected to the main matching block inserted in the signal path, and the main matching block and a series matching block matched in the first frequency band; a series connection of a parallel matching block and a switch;
- One end of the series connection is connected to the signal path at the other end of the series matching block, and the first frequency band differs from the first frequency band by turning on and off the switch. Allows selective matching in the second frequency band.
- Figure 1 illustrates a conventional 800MHz / l.5GHz band power amplifier.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of each amplifier in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a conventional power amplifier used in a mobile device.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment of the matching circuit according to the present invention.
- Figure 5 shows two frequency bands center frequency fi, and f 2.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a main alignment block.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a second embodiment of the main alignment block.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a third embodiment of the main alignment block.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the matching circuit according to the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a third embodiment of the matching circuit.
- Figure 1 1 is showing the N frequency band around frequency f ⁇ f N.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating that any combination of switches can be turned on simultaneously to increase the number of frequency bands that can be matched.
- FIG. 13 is a view for explaining a fourth embodiment of the matching circuit.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a parallel matching block for changing and setting to many frequency bands.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a second embodiment of the parallel matching block.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a third embodiment of a parallel matching block using switches.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the matching circuit according to the present invention.
- FIG. 18A is a diagram for explaining the operation of the parallel matching block in FIG.
- FIG. 18B is a diagram for explaining the operation of the parallel matching block in FIG.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a sixth embodiment of the matching circuit according to the present invention.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a seventh embodiment of the matching circuit according to the present invention.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram showing an eighth embodiment of the matching circuit according to the present invention.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing a ninth embodiment of the matching circuit according to the present invention.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram showing a tenth embodiment of the matching circuit according to the present invention.
- FIG. 24 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of the matching circuit according to the present invention.
- FIG. 25 is a diagram showing a 12th embodiment of the matching circuit according to the present invention.
- FIG. 26 is a diagram showing a thirteenth embodiment of the matching circuit according to the present invention.
- FIG. 27 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of the main alignment block.
- FIG. 28 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the main alignment block.
- FIG. 29 is a diagram showing a third embodiment of the main alignment block. ⁇
- FIG. 30 is a diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the main alignment block.
- FIG. 31 is a diagram illustrating a first application example in which the matching circuit according to the present invention is applied to an amplifier.
- FIG. 32 is a view for explaining a second application example in which the matching circuit according to the present invention is used as a part of an amplifier.
- FIG. 33 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment for achieving high efficiency of the amplifier.
- Fig. 34A is a diagram showing a termination circuit at the second harmonic frequency 2fj.
- Figure 34B is a diagram showing the configuration of a series matching block and a parallel matching block.
- FIG. 36 is a view for explaining a modified example of FIG. 33.
- FIG. 37 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment in which the embodiment of FIG. 33 is extended.
- FIG. 38 is a view for explaining a second modified example of FIG. 33.
- FIG. 39 is a diagram illustrating a third modified example of FIG.
- FIG. 40 is a view for explaining a fourth modification of FIG. 33.
- FIG. 41 is a view for explaining a fifth modified example of FIG. 33.
- FIG. 42 is a diagram for explaining a mode of use of the embodiment. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the matching circuit according to the present invention.
- This matching circuit 50 is a circuit that matches the impedance of the load circuit 28 connected to the port P 2 to the impedance Z s of the signal source 23 connected to the port P i. number center frequency indicated operates as a matching circuit for two frequency bands and b 2 of the signal f x ⁇ Pi f 2, respectively.
- the impedance of the signal source 23 is independent of the frequency. Since the impedance of the load circuit 28 depends on the frequency, it is represented as Z L (f).
- This matching circuit 50 is connected to port P!
- the main and the series matching block 5 2 2 inserted in series in the signal path between P 2 and A matching proc 5 1, and a ⁇ been parallel matching block 5 3 2 and switch 5 4 2 connected in series between one end and the ground port P i of the series matching block 5 2 2.
- the parallel matching block 5 3 2 is connected to the signal path via the switch 5 4 2. Is ⁇ in parallel to the load circuit 2 8 when the series matching block 5 2 2 are ⁇ in series to the load circuit 2 8, parallel matching Proc 5 3 2 switches 5 4 2 is ON .
- the matching of the frequency signal will be described. If you have a switch 5 4 2 in the off state, for example port P! The signal input from the signal source 23 connected to the port P 2 is transmitted to the port P 2 through only the series matching block 5 2 2 and the main matching block 51.
- Series matching block 5 2 2 so as not to affect the frequency f, signal transmission between the connection points A and B in FIG. 4, for example, characteristics Inpidansu is composed of equal Rere transmission line such as Z s.
- the main-matching block 5 1 achieves impedance matching between the ports Ichiboku and port P 2 with respect to the frequency of the signal.
- the main matching block 51 is designed to operate as a matching circuit at a frequency.
- the impedance Z L (f 2 ) of the port P 2 is converted by the main matching block 51 into an arbitrary impedance Z L ′ (f 2 ) at the frequency f 2 .
- the switch 5 4 2 in the ON state previously suitably a series matching proc 5 2 2, the series matching proc 5 2 2 impedance in parallel connected parallel matching proc 5 3 2 of frequency f 2
- the impedance Z s of the port P i with an arbitrary load impedance Z L , (f 2 ). That is, it is possible also to design the matching circuit 5 0 for the frequency f 2 as was the main matching block 5 1 month any configuration.
- switch 5 4 2 by by adding the parallel matching block 5 3 2 to the main matching block 5 1, it is possible to change the overall matching circuit 5 0 to matching circuits for the input signal of the frequency f 2.
- one switch 5 4 by switching the second state (ON / O off), selectively adaptable matching circuit signals of two frequency bands 50 can be configured.
- parallel matching block 5 3 2 can be configured by open-end line.
- the configuration of the main matching block 51 can be configured in various forms as described below, and the same applies to other embodiments.
- a first configuration example of the main matching block 51 will be described with reference to FIG.
- the main matching block 51 shown here is composed of an inductive lumped element 51 B and a capacitive lumped element 51 A. By combining a plurality of lumped constant elements in this way, a matching circuit with an arbitrary frequency f can be configured.
- the illustrated main matching block 51 includes a series matching block 52, one end of which is connected to the input side thereof, and another parallel matching block 53i.
- It series matching block 5 2 i may be a delay circuit constituted by lumped elements if example embodiment, also, the characteristic impedance may be constituted by equivalent transmission line Z s. With these lumped elements and transmission lines, a matching circuit of any frequency f can be constructed.
- Parallel matching plot click 5 3 1 may be constituted by, for example, open-end line may be constituted by a line whose tip is short-circuited.
- the main matching block 51 shown is a series matching block 51! And a parallel matching block 53 i having one end connected to its input side via a switch 54 and the other end connected to ground.
- a parallel matching block 53 i having one end connected to its input side via a switch 54 and the other end connected to ground.
- the series matching Proc 5 1 in but on state, the series matching Proc 5 1, and the port P by the parallel matching proc 5 3 ⁇ , since the for any impedance can take Inpidansu consistent boat P 3 of A matching circuit can be designed for signals of any frequency.
- the switch 54 i is off, the signal passes through only the series matching block 51 i in the main matching block 51, and the parallel matching block 53 i does not contribute to impedance conversion. Therefore, the main matching block 5 1 will be changed by the impedance conversion quantity by the impedance of the port P 2 in the series matching block 5 1 i.
- FIG. 9 shows a second embodiment of the matching circuit 50.
- the signal source 23 is, for example, This is when the impedance has frequency characteristics like a FET, and the load circuit
- the impedance Z L of 28 does not have frequency characteristics.
- the main-matching Proc 5 1 the main matching block 5 1 between the ports P i and P 2 so that the signal source 2 3 side having a frequency characteristic and the series matching block swapping the position of the click 5 2 2, accordingly, it has a configuration that is connected through the switch 5 4 2 parallel matching block 5 3 2 to port P 2 side.
- the operation principle is the same as that of FIG. 4, and the description is omitted.
- FIG. 10 shows a third embodiment of the matching circuit 50 according to the present invention.
- the embodiment of FIG. 10 operates as a matching circuit for signals in N frequency bands ⁇ ⁇ shown in FIG. 11 so that a series matching block 52 2 , a parallel matching block 5 32 2 , and a switch 5 4 2 And (N-1) stages (N is an integer of 3 or more in this embodiment).
- the embodiment of FIG. 10 corresponds to an extension of the embodiment of FIG. 4.
- n-th switch 54 n By turning on the n-th (n: an integer from 2 to N) switch 54 n , the corresponding changing the matching circuit for an input signal of a center frequency f n the overall matching circuit 5 0 by a first n-th parallel matching proc 5 3 [pi series matching block 5 2 2 to 5 2 New main matching block 5 1 Can be.
- each one end of the parallel matching block 5 3 2 ⁇ 5 3 N is grounded, are not necessarily ground necessary when configured using the open-end line parallel matching block.
- FIG. 13 shows a fourth embodiment of the matching circuit according to the present invention.
- a 1-input N-output switch single-pole N-throw switch
- SW1 connected to a port
- an N-input 1-output switch switchingle-pole N-throw switch whose output side is connected to a main matching block 51
- SW2 is provided, these switches SW1, SW2 between the N and direct line 58 i characteristic Inpidansu input and output terminals of the (N-1) number of matching blocks 5 9 2 ⁇ 5 9 N is the respective selectable It is connected.
- the embodiment of FIG. 13 also operates as the matching circuit 50 for signals in the N frequency bands shown in FIG. 11 similarly to the embodiment of FIG.
- the main matching block 51 is a matching circuit for a frequency input signal.
- two switches namely, a 1-input N-output switch SW1 and an N-input 1-output switch SW2, are switched to a first output and a first input, and a port Pi and the port P 2 through the direct line 58 i is connected.
- the 1-input N-output switch SW1 and the N-input 1-output switch SW2 are connected to the switch contacts corresponding to the matching block 59 n Switch control.
- the matching block 5 9 n by using the same configuration as the matching circuit 50 comprising a switch 52 as shown in FIG. 1 0 For example, it is possible Yasu increase the number of further alignable frequency band.
- FIG 14 shows one or an arbitrary number of parallel matching blocks (represented by the parallel block 53) in the matching circuit 50 shown in Figs. 4, 9, 10, and 12 described above.
- the parallel matching block 53 has a configuration in which K sub-matching circuits 6 to 6 1 ⁇ and K switches 62 to 62 K are alternately connected in series.
- the switch 6 2 continue to the closed sequentially, by going serially connected sub matching circuit 6 1 ⁇ ⁇ 6 1 kappa sequentially, parallel matching block 5 3 (kappa + 1) Reactance values can be obtained. If all the switches 6 Si e 2 K are open, the parallel matching block 53 becomes the sub-matching circuit 6 1!
- FIG. 15 shows a second embodiment of the parallel matching block 53 using a switch.
- This parallel matching block 53 is composed of K serially connected sub-matching circuits 61 1i to 61 ⁇ , each connection point between the sub-matching circuits 61 161 ⁇ and the final end of the series connection. It is composed of each connected switch 6 2! ⁇ 6 2 ⁇ and between the ground. For example, if Suitsu switch 6 2i is closed, Suitsuchi 6 2, since one side is grounded, the sub matching circuit 6 1 2 ⁇ 6 1 kappa does not affect the reactance value of the parallel matching proc 5 3, parallel reactance of the matching off "lock 53 is determined only by the sub matching circuit 6.
- the switch 6 2 k of the k-th and closing the reactance of the parallel matching block 5 3 FukuSei case circuit 6 li el k , and the k + 1-th sub-matching circuit 6 l k + 1 and subsequent sub-matching circuits do not affect the reactance value of the parallel matching block 53. Therefore, the switch 6 2 k is closed.
- the parallel matching block 53 can obtain about (k + 1) reactance values.
- FIG. 16 shows a third embodiment of the parallel matching block 53 using a switch.
- the parallel matching block 53 is composed of K sub-matching circuits 6 li to 6 1 ⁇ and an SP nT switch 62 i for selectively connecting any of them.
- Each sub-matching circuit 6: ⁇ 6 1 ⁇ has a different reactance, and by connecting the switch 62 i to each sub-matching circuit, the parallel matching block 53 can obtain about K reactance values. .
- the parallel matching block of Figs. 4, 9, 10, and 12 is replaced with the parallel matching block of Figs. By applying the lock 5 3 2, it is possible to increase the number of matching a frequency band which can be as K _ l pieces.
- the sub-matching circuit can be arbitrarily configured using a transmission line, a lumped element, or the like. For example, if an element having a variable reactance or a variable capacitance function is used as the lumped constant element, finer reactance control can be performed.
- both the parallel matching plot click 5 3 2-5 3 New is Suitsuchi 5 4 2-5 4 via the New series matching shows the case of connecting to one end of the block 5 2 2 ⁇ 5 2 ⁇ .
- the matching circuit 5 0 of these embodiments the characteristics of Suitsuchi 5 4, particularly small insertion loss at the frequency f 2 in the Omicron New state, the frequency f in the OFF state: Isolation of the Kore, it is essential Required.
- the insertion loss and isolation of the switch generally deteriorate as the operating frequency increases. Therefore, in the matching circuit 5 0, if the isolation of sufficiently low ⁇ loss and frequency Te frequency f 2 odor can not be sufficiently secured, there is a possibility that the characteristic deteriorates.
- An embodiment of a matching circuit that improves this point will be described below.
- FIG. 17 shows a fifth embodiment of the matching circuit according to the present invention.
- a case where the impedance of the signal source 23 has a frequency characteristic is shown.
- This embodiment is in the embodiment of FIG. 9, only Suitsuchi 5 4 2 and parallel matching proc 5 3 2 position connected in series to each other are interchanged with each other, other configurations are the same as FIG.
- the main matching block 51 is a matching circuit for a frequency input signal, and is designed so that the impedance Z s (fi) of the signal source 23 matches the load impedance Z L at point B.
- Series matching block 5 2 2 points A, no matter such affect the signal transmission frequency between B, and is configured by a circuit element such as a transmission line.
- the characteristic impedance may be constituted by equivalent transmission line to the output load impedance Z L, composed at equal transmission line has a characteristic impedance zeta tau, the port [rho 2, frequency virtue having no impedance transformation It can be converted to output load impedance Z L by a filter.
- the signal source in the port P 2 Inpidansu Z s (f 2) is the load impedance Z L It is designed to match.
- switch 5 4 2 is designed 0N / 0FF Les, as the state of Zureka.
- the series matching blanking-locking 5 2 2 is composed by Una transmission line characteristic impedance at the frequency f 2 matches the load impedance Z L, the parallel matching Proc 5 3 2, the frequency of the signal Given a wavelength, the transmission line is composed of a transmission line with a line length of ⁇ / 4.
- Main matching proc 5 1 is designed switch 5 4 2 signal sources fin at the frequency f 2 in a state of OFF impedance Z s (f 2) and to perform matching between the load impedance Z L. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 1 8 A switch 5 4 2 in the state OFF, the ⁇ Tsuta voltage distribution in parallel alignment proc 5 3 2 line length ⁇ Bruno 4 relative signal frequencies, at the open end side It becomes maximum, and is 0 at the connection point ⁇ , that is, at the connection point A, there is a short circuit state.
- matching circuit 5 0 does not supply frequency f, and the signal to the load circuits 2 8 in Suitsuchi 5 4 2 is in the OFF state, the load and the impedance of the signal source 2 3 only for the frequency f 2 of the signal A signal can be supplied to the load circuit 28 by matching between the impedances of the circuit 28.
- Positional relationship between the parallel matching proc 5 3 2 and switch 5 4 2 shown in FIG. 1 7 is applicable to the embodiment of the or or 4, 1 0, 1 2.
- FIG. 19 shows a sixth embodiment of the matching circuit according to the present invention.
- This embodiment is a modification of the embodiment of FIG. 1 7, without connecting the switch 5 4 2 in the embodiment of FIG. 1 7 to ground, is connected to another parallel matching block 5 5 2.
- Other configurations are the same as those in FIG.
- switch 5 4 2 isolator Shon and may not meet the very high demands in terms of fin insertion loss but, for example, each of the matching one frequency f, to realize the matching If you decide the blanking opening click of design, flexibility in selection of the matching can be another frequency f 2 is not so large.
- the embodiment of FIG. 19 improves this point.
- This embodiment is also a circuit for the signal source 2 3, align when viewed from the port P 2 in the same manner as FIG. 1 7, ports for connecting impedance Z s (f).
- the main matching block 51 is a matching circuit for the input signal of the frequency, and is designed so that the signal source impedance Z s (f matches the load impedance Z L at the connection point B.
- the series matching block 5 2 2 the connection point B, so as not to affect the signal transmission frequency between a, composed of circuit elements such as transmission lines.
- characteristic impedance may be constituted by equivalent transmission line to the load impedance Z L
- characteristic Impedance constituted certain impedance Zeta tau to equal transmission path, the port Te [rho 2 smell, may be converted to a load impedance z L by no impedance converter frequency characteristic.
- the design method is different.
- the parallel matching block 5 5 2 switches 5 4 2 parallel matching block 5 3 2 at the frequency f t when viewed ON at 1 9 parallel matching block 5 3 2 side from the connection point A of Design so that the impedance by 5 5 2 is maximized.
- the effect on parallel matching block 5 3 2, 5 5 2 by the frequency of the signal may minimum and to Rukoto in ON state.
- Switch 5 4 2 is in the ON state, to design the matching circuit for the frequency f 2 in the main matching proc 5 1, the series matching Proc 5 2 2, and the parallel matching block 5 3 2 5 5 2.
- a series circuit of the parallel matching block 5 3 2 and 5 5 2 as a solution of the design obtained Runode have any reactance component, is added to many cases, parallel matching block 5 3 2, 5 5 2 signal paths Losses the signal at the frequency. Therefore, when used in frequency, and OFF the Suitsu switch 5 4 2, disconnect the parallel matching block 5 5 2 from the signal path.
- the parallel matching block 5 3 2 Inpidansu in frequency when the connection point A of Figure 1 9 viewed parallel matching block 5 3 2 side is designed such that the maximum. And I Ri can be minimized impact on parallel matching block 5 3 2, 5 5 2 by the frequency of the signal.
- FIG. 20 shows a seventh embodiment of the matching circuit according to the present invention, which is a modification of the embodiment shown in FIGS.
- the parallel matching block 5 3 2 5 5 2 is connected directly to one another, that the switch 5 4 2 that is inserted between the connection point and the ground is different from the embodiment of FIG. 1 9
- the other configurations are the same as in FIG. FIG. 20 is also a circuit for matching the signal source 23 connected to the port as viewed from the port P 2 , as in FIG. 17, and has two frequency bands, b 2 , as in FIG. It operates as a matching circuit for the signal of In FIG. 20, the main matching block 51 is a matching circuit for an input signal of a frequency as in the case of FIG.
- Parallel matching plot click 5 3 2 is designed such that the impedance at the frequency when viewed Suitsuchi 5 4 2 2 0 parallel matching block 5 3 2 side from the connection point A of when the ON is maximum I have.
- FIG. 21 shows a seventh embodiment of the matching circuit according to the present invention, which is a modification of the embodiment of FIG. Figure 2 1 is Suitsuchi as with the embodiment of FIG. 9 as an example of embodiment in the matching circuit 5 0 shown in (if isolation are characteristic becomes a problem), the parallel matching block 5 3 2 of FIG. 1 9 6 2 i and transmission line 6 1! This is an example configured with the series circuit of FIG.
- the switch 62 has a frequency characteristic of the input loss and the isolation.
- both the input loss and the isolation deteriorate.
- the switch 6 2 i in the parallel matching block 5 3 2 is OFF, if the isolation of the switch 6 2 in the parallel matching block 5 3 2 cannot be sufficiently ensured in frequency, the parallel matching block 5 3 2 affects the signal transmission of the frequency, causing loss.
- FIG. 2 shows an eighth embodiment of the matching circuit according to the present invention.
- This matching circuit includes a main matching block 51 and N-1 series matching blocks 5 2 2 to 52 N connected in cascade (2 ⁇ n ⁇ N), and each series matching block 5 2 n the output-side connection point, the series circuit of N parallel matching block 5 3 nl ⁇ 5 3 nN is connected via a switch 5 4 nl ⁇ 5 4 nIH is connected.
- FIG. 22 operates as a matching circuit for signals in N frequency bands.
- the main matching block 51 is a matching circuit for the input signal of frequency fi. Connected in series the N-1 series matching block 5 2 2 ⁇ 5 2 N is not to affect the respective frequency of the signal of the frequency-composed of circuit elements such as transmission lines.
- characteristics Inpidansu may be constituted by equal transmission line to the load Inpidansu Z L, composed of the transmission line equal to the impedance Zeta tau which is characteristic Inpidansu, without frequency characteristics in port [rho 2 Inbida It may be converted to a load impedance by an impedance converter.
- the frequency f n with respect to switch 54 nl ⁇ 54 nn - i is ON, switch 5 4 nn ⁇ as at least switch 5 4 Paiita is OFF among the 5 4, parallel matching block 5 3 nl to 5 3 nn frequency f Design to match n .
- the switch 5 4 nl to 54 taps- t (2 ⁇ p ⁇ N-1, p ⁇ n) is set to ⁇ N, and the switch 5 4 np ⁇ 54!
- the switch 54 np is turned off, and the parallel matching blocks 53 nl to 53 np are added to the signal path at the connection point A n —, and the parallel matching block for the frequency fm is connected at the connection point An 53 3 nl to 53 Maximize the input impedance of the circuit consisting of nN .
- each series matching block and parallel matching block By configuring each series matching block and parallel matching block in this way, a matching circuit for N frequency bands can be realized.
- switches 54 21 to 54 ° has been shown. However, depending on the characteristics of the signal source impedance Z s (f), there may be cases where the number of switches and matching blocks can be reduced.
- the cascade connection of the parallel matching blocks connected to and other than the connection point and by the control of the switch is such that the input impedance with respect to the frequency f when the parallel matching block connected to each point is viewed from each point is maximized. Designed to Keep it. This allows these parallel matching block to minimize the effect of giving to the signal transmission frequency f s.
- a parallel matching block connected to a point other than the connection point and A can be used as a part of the matching circuit of the frequency f s . In this way, by configuring the matching circuit with a combination of the parallel matching blocks connected to the plurality of connection points Ax, the number of series matching blocks becomes less than (N-1), and therefore, the parallel matching blocks are reduced.
- the number of switches and switches can also be reduced as the number of series matching blocks decreases.
- the condition that maximizes the input impedance can be used, for example, in the case where the relationship between each of the frequencies 3 ⁇ 4 is odd-numbered, so that the number of switches can be reduced.
- the parallel matching block so as to resonate at a plurality of frequencies, the condition that maximizes the input impedance can also be used, so that the number of switches and the parallel matching block can be used.
- the number of mouth lips can be reduced.
- FIG. 23 shows a ninth embodiment of the matching circuit according to the present invention.
- N number This embodiment removes the Suitsuchi from cascaded to parallel matching proc and the N-1 switches of N which are connected to the connection points A n _i is connected alternately in the embodiment of FIG 2
- the parallel matching blocks 5 3 nl to 5 3 llN are connected in cascade, and the connection point between each parallel matching block and the connection point of the last-stage parallel matching block 5 3 ⁇ is connected to the switch 5 4 It has a configuration which is connected to the ground via the ⁇ 1 ⁇ 5 4 ⁇ .
- FIG. 23 operates as a matching circuit for signals in, for example, ⁇ frequency bands.
- the main matching block 51 is a matching circuit for the input signal of the frequency fj.
- the series matching blocks 52 2 to 52 N are configured in the same manner as in the embodiment of FIG.
- the switches 54 nl to 54 nN are set to OFF, the main matching block 51 and the series matching block 52 2 to 52 n —
- the parallel matching blocks are designed for frequencies such that a matching circuit for the frequency f n is formed by the parallel matching blocks 53 nl to 53 nN .
- the parallel matching blocks 53 nl to 53 nN are determined by the frequency f m
- (1 ⁇ m ⁇ N, m ⁇ n) controls the switch in, for example, in the case where the switch 5 4 np (l ⁇ p ⁇ N) was ON, cascade connection of parallel matching proc 5 3 nl ⁇ 5 3 np Figure in at frequency f ra when viewed parallel matching proc 5 3 nl side two third connection point
- the parallel matching blocks 53 nl to 53 np can minimize the influence of frequency on signal transmission.
- the switch 5 4 np (1 ⁇ p ⁇ N) and ⁇ _N, main matching Proc 5 1, the series matching Proc 5 2 2 ⁇ 5 2 n, parallel matching block 5 3 nl ⁇
- Each parallel matching block is designed for frequencies and so that a matching circuit for the frequency f n is formed with 5 3 np .
- the parallel matching blocks 5 3 nl to 5 3 nN control the switch at the frequency f m (1 ⁇ m ⁇ N, m ⁇ n), for example, switch 54 nq (1 ⁇ q ⁇ N, p ⁇ q).
- the cascade connection of the parallel matching blocks 5 3 nl to 5 3 nq has the maximum impedance at the frequency f m when the parallel matching block 5 3 ⁇ 1 side is viewed from the connection point in Fig. 23.
- the parallel matching block 5 3 ⁇ 1 to 5 3 ⁇ can minimize the effect of the frequency f ni on signal transmission.
- Z s (f) the characteristics of the signal source impedance
- the conditions to maximize the input impedance can decrease Las number of Suitsuchi. Furthermore, since the condition for maximizing the input impedance can be similarly used by using a parallel matching block that resonates at a plurality of frequencies among the frequencies, the number of switches and the parallel matching block The number can be reduced.
- the parallel matching block 5 3 nl ⁇ 5 3 nN and 5 3 kl ⁇ 5 3 k, the frequency f m (l ⁇ m ⁇ N, m ⁇ n) controls the switch in, for example, switch 5 4 nR ( When 1 ⁇ R ⁇ N) and 5 4 nS (1 ⁇ S ⁇ N) are turned ON, the cascade connection of the parallel matching blocks 5 3 nl to 5 3 nR and 5 3 rl to 5 3 rS is the connection point a n - i and the design to your Kukoto so Inpidansu becomes maximum at the frequency f m when viewed parallel matching block 5 3 nl and 5 3 side from a rt, parallel matching block 5 3 nl ⁇ 53 nr and 53 kl ⁇ 53 ks The effect on signal transmission can be minimized.
- FIG. 24 shows a tenth embodiment of the matching circuit according to the present invention.
- the embodiment of FIG. 2 4 has a structure in which to insert the Suitsuchi 5 4 n p a further parallel matching proc 5 3 np and 5 between 3 np + 1 to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 3.
- the same effects as in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 19 and 22 can be obtained.
- FIG. 25 shows a first embodiment of the matching circuit according to the present invention.
- the output-side connection points of the cascade connected to the main matching proc 5 1 has been the N-1 series matching block 5 2 2 ⁇ 5 2 N ⁇ , - ⁇ ,.
- Parallel matching each proc 5 3 2 ⁇ 5 3 ⁇ is connected, SPnT Suitsuchi 5 4 n is connected to each of the parallel matching proc 5 3 eta.
- N parallel matching blocks 55 nl to 55 nN are connected to N output terminals of each switch 54 n .
- parallel matching block 5 5 nn of them are directly connected to Dara command the n-th terminal of Suitsuchi 5 4 n, may be opened.
- FIG. 25 also operates as a matching circuit 50 for signals in N frequency bands.
- the main composite block 51 is a matching circuit for frequency input signals.
- the series matching blocks 52 2 to 52 N are configured in the same manner as the embodiments of FIGS. 22 and 23 so as not to affect the signal of the frequency ⁇ .
- Frequency f n (n 2, ... , N) main matching proc 5 1 against, the series matching block 5 2 2 ⁇ 5 2 n, so that the matching circuit in parallel matching block 5 3 nn frequency Fi ⁇ f N Design with The parallel matching block 55nn is grounded, and the parallel matching block is open.
- Frequency f ra (l ⁇ m ⁇ N, m ⁇ n ) against connects the switch 5 4 n in parallel alignment proc 5 5 nm.
- the parallel matching block 55 nra is designed so that the impedance at the frequency when the parallel matching block 53 n side is viewed from the connection point is maximized. As a result, it is possible to minimize the influence of the parallel matching block 53 negligenceon signal transmission of the frequency f ra .
- FIG. 26 shows a 12th embodiment of the matching circuit according to the present invention.
- the embodiment of FIG. 26 has a configuration in which the embodiment of FIG. 23 and the embodiment of FIG. 25 are combined.
- Fig. 22 FIG. 25 may be arbitrarily combined. The operation is the same as that described in each embodiment.
- the number of selectable frequency bands that can be selected can be increased, and by appropriately selecting the position of the switch with respect to the parallel matching block, the isolation and the switch of the switch can be improved.
- the problem of insertion loss can be reduced. The same can be said for the case where the parallel matching blocks 53 shown in FIGS. 14, 15, and 16 are applied to the embodiment of FIG.
- the configuration of the main alignment block 51 in the embodiment of FIGS. 17 and 19 to 26 can be arbitrarily selected.
- a first embodiment of the main matching block 51 is shown in FIG.
- the main matching block 51 is composed of a series matching block 52 i connected to a port, a parallel matching block 53 1 having one end connected to its output side, and a parallel matching block 53 1 ⁇ . And a switch inserted between the other end and the ground.
- the series matching block 52 is configured by a circuit element such as a transmission line so as not to affect signal transmission at a frequency f n ( n ⁇ N) between points B and A in FIG. 17, for example.
- characteristic impedance is equal to the output load Inpidansu Z L! / A transmission line or a transmission line with a characteristic impedance equal to the impedance ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ with a certain impedance, and converted to a load impedance Z L by an impedance converter without frequency characteristics at port ⁇ 2 Is also good.
- the series matching block 52 i and the parallel matching block 53 i are designed to match the impedance Z L at the port P 2 in FIG.
- the switch 54 i is designed to be in a state of 0 N / 0FF. Specifically, the state of the switch 54 is set to OFF, and a frequency matching circuit is designed. If the parallel matching block 5 3 i becomes an open-ended line with a line length of 4 (X m : wavelength of frequency f m , 2 ⁇ m ⁇ N), the signal of frequency f ra is short-circuited at connection point C Therefore, it cannot be used at the frequency f ra .
- the switch 54 1 when using at the frequency f m , the switch 54 1 may be set to ⁇ N, and at this time, at the connection point C of the parallel matching block 53 at the frequency f ra .
- the input impedance is ideally infinite, that is, the effect of the parallel matching block 53 i on the frequency f lakecan be eliminated, and the switch 54 is turned on to design the matching circuit at the frequency.
- FIG. 28 shows a second embodiment of the main matching block 51 in the embodiments of FIGS. 17 and 19 to 26 according to the present invention.
- a parallel matching block 53 i is connected to one end of the series matching block 52 i, and a parallel matching block 55 is connected thereto via a switch 54.
- the series matching block 52 i of the main matching block 51 is composed of circuit elements such as transmission lines so as not to affect the signal transmission at the frequency f n ( n ⁇ N) between points B and A in Fig. 17, for example. I do.
- the design method of the embodiment shown in FIG. 28 differs depending on which of the input loss and the isolation characteristic of the switch 54 i at the frequency f 2 is the larger problem.
- the parallel matching block 5 5 i is Inpidansu at the frequency f m in the case of switch 5 4 viewed parallel matching Proc side from the connection point C when ON is designed to maximize. Thereby, it is possible to influence on the switch 5 4! ON at the parallel matching pro click 5 s 3 5 5 i by the signal of the frequency f n of the minimum. If isolation is a problem, design as follows. With the switch 54 i set to ON, a matching circuit for the frequency is designed by the series matching block 52 i and the parallel matching block 53 i 55 i.
- the series circuit of the parallel matching block 5 3 ⁇ 55 i as a solution to the design can have an arbitrary reactance component, in many cases, the signal path to the signal path of the parallel matching block 5 3 Adds a loss to the frame signal. Therefore, when using at frequency f ra , switch 54 i is turned off and parallel matching Disconnect lock 5 3 i from the signal path.
- the parallel matching Proc 5 3 i is Inpidansu at the frequency f m when viewed parallel matching Proc side from the connection point C is designed so that a maximum. Thereby, it is possible to minimize the impact on the parallel matching block 5 s 3 5 5 1 Nyoru frequency ⁇ of the signal.
- FIG. 29 shows a third embodiment of the main matching block 51 in the embodiment of FIGS. 17 and 19 to 26 according to the present invention.
- This example has a parallel matching plot click 5 3 2 embodiment 8 5 5 directly connected to each other, and inserted configure Suitsuchi 5 4 1 between its connecting point and the ground.
- the series matching block 52 i of the main matching block 51 is composed of, for example, a circuit element such as a transmission line so as not to affect signal transmission at a frequency f n (n ⁇ N) between points B and A in FIG. I do.
- the switch 54 i is turned off, and a matching circuit for the frequency f is designed by the series matching block 52 2 and the parallel matching block 53 3 55 5.
- the switch 54 is turned ON when using at the frequency f ra .
- the parallel matching block 53 i is designed so that the impedance at the frequency f ra when the parallel matching block side is viewed from the connection point C when the switch 54 t is ON is maximized. Therefore, when the switch 54 is ON, the influence on the impedance at the frequency f ra by the parallel matching block 53 3 55 can be minimized. Since the parallel matching proc 5 5 E can be designed in the reactance of the arbitrary frequency f because 0 0 design possible for matching circuit for,
- FIG. 30 shows a fourth embodiment of the main matching block 51 in FIGS. 17 and 19 to 26 according to the present invention.
- This embodiment is Suitsuchi 5 using SPNT Suitsuchi as 4 i, and its Suitsuchi 5 4 1 ⁇ "connecting the parallel matching proc 5 5 U ⁇ 5 5 1N to output configuration in the embodiment of FIG. 2 8
- the series matching block 5 2! Of the main matching block 5 1 is a circuit element such as a transmission line so as not to provide for signal transmission at the frequency f n (n ⁇ N) between points B and A in FIG.
- switch 5 4 To the parallel matching block 55 lm .
- the parallel matching Proc 5 5 lra is Inpidansu at the frequency f m when viewed parallel matching proc 5 3 i side from the connection point C is kept designed to be maximized.
- the mounting position of the switch can be separated from the signal path (main matching block or series matching block), so that there is an advantage that mounting is easy.
- any parallel matching block may be configured in the same manner as the parallel matching block 53 shown in FIG. This allows the parallel matching block 53 to have a variable reactance function, so that the entire matching circuit can be matched for even more frequencies. That is, the switches in FIG. 14 are turned on in order from 62, and the sub-matching circuits 61 , to 61k are sequentially connected, so that the parallel matching block 53 has about ⁇ reactance. Can take a value. For example, if the parallel matching block 53 in FIG. 14 is applied to one parallel matching block of the matching circuits in FIGS. 17 and 19, the number of frequencies that can be matched can be further increased by about ⁇ .
- an arbitrary parallel matching block may be configured similarly to the parallel matching block 53 shown in FIG.
- switch 6 4 i is ON, since the switch 6 4 or one side is grounded, the sub matching circuit 6 3 2 ⁇ 6 3 k does not affect the reactance value of the parallel matching proc 5 3, parallel matching Bro
- the reactance of the check 53 is determined only by the sub-matching circuit 63. If ON similarly Suitsuchi 6 4 k, sub-matching circuit 6 3 k + 1 ⁇ 6 3 ⁇ does not affect the reactance value of the parallel matching proc 5 3, the parallel matching Proc 5 3 reactance sub-matching circuit It is determined by 63 i to 63 k .
- parallel matching block 3 can be obtained K pieces of about reactance value.
- the sub-matching circuit may be arbitrarily configured using a transmission line, a lumped element, or the like. For example, if an element having a variable reactance and a variable capacitance function is used as the lumped constant element, finer reactance control can be performed.
- the configurations of the main matching block, the series matching block, the parallel matching block, and the sub-matching circuit are not particularly limited as long as the above conditions are satisfied. These may be configured using, for example, a lumped constant circuit, or may be configured using a distributed constant circuit. Also, a combination thereof may be used. Although various embodiments of the matching circuit according to the present invention have been described above, an amplifier to which the matching circuit is applied will be described below.
- FIG. 31 shows a first application example in which the matching circuit according to the present invention is applied to an amplifier.
- the matching circuit shown in Fig. 4 was used as the input matching circuit 50 of the amplifying element 26, and the matching circuit shown in Fig. 9 was used as the output matching circuit 50 'of the amplifying element 26. Shows the case. Therefore, this amplifier amplifies signals in two frequency bands, for example, where the center frequency shown in FIG. 5 is f 2 or f 2 . If you increase the width of the signal frequency, switch 5 4 2 both matching circuit 5 0, 5 0 'are both open. Thereby, both the input side and the output side are matched in frequency, and good amplification can be performed.
- the input signals of both the matching circuit 5 0, 5 0, Suitsuchi 5 4 2 are both a closed.
- the input side matching circuit 50 and the output side matching circuit 50 ′ are matched at the frequency f 2 as a whole, so that good amplification can be performed.
- the amplifying element 2 6 by selecting the frequency f J and both the gain can be taken elements of the frequency f 2, it is possible to select amplify two bands of signals in one amplification element 2 6.
- the matching circuit 50 on the input side and the output side of the amplifying element 26 , 50 can be used.
- Each matching block in Fig. 32 is a lumped element consisting of resistance, inductance, and capacitance, or a distribution with equivalent characteristics. It can be configured using a constant element.
- the application example in Fig. 32 is a design example of an amplifier used in the 900MHz / 2GHz band.
- the main matching block 5 1 is a matching circuit for 2 GHz
- the parallel matching block 5 3 2 changes the entire input side matching circuit 50 and the entire output side matching circuit 50 ′ to a 900 MHz matching circuit. It is a block.
- Suitsuchi 5 4 2 relative to 2GHz input signal is opened to both, the input matching circuit 5 0, the input signal is transmitted through the main matching block 5 1 for series matching proc 5 2 2 and 2GHz The signal is input to the input terminal of a field effect transistor (FET) serving as the amplification element 26.
- FET field effect transistor
- the output matching circuit 5 0 ' is transmitted through the main matching pro click 5 1 and the series matching block 5 2 2 for 2 GHz, it is outputted to the port P 2.
- the parallel matching proc 5 3 2 even in the output-side matching circuit 5 0 'is inserted capacitors that make up the matching circuit of 900MHz as a whole is constituted.
- Series matching block 5 2 2 as possible out be constituted by such a transmission line or an equivalent lumped circuit, equal characteristics Inpidan scan the input and output impedance of the amplifier.
- the number of amplifying elements 26 is reduced by using only one amplifying element 26 in a wide band, instead of being provided individually for each signal band.
- the output-side matching circuit 50 ′ which is a peripheral circuit of the amplification element 26, for each signal band, a multi-band high-efficiency power amplifier can be configured.
- a harmonic processing block for performing harmonic processing is used in addition to the matching block from the viewpoint of operating the power amplifier with high efficiency.
- the output side matching circuit 50 ′ shown in FIG. 33 is a multi-band high-efficiency amplifier using the amplification element 26 for signals in two bands with the frequency and f 2 shown in FIG. And make it work.
- the input-side matching circuit 50 the above-described various matching circuits may be used, or a single matching circuit designed to achieve matching in the entire band of an assumed input signal may be used. Alternatively, a plurality of matching circuits that are switched and used for each signal band may be used.
- the output-side matching circuit 50 ′ in this application example includes a first harmonic processing block 51 A, a first matching block 51 B, a second harmonic processing block 57 A, and a second harmonic processing block 57 A.
- the matching block consists of 5 7B.
- the first harmonic processing block 51A and the first matching block 51B constitute the main matching block 51, and the second harmonic processing block 57A and the second matching block 57B are added.
- Block 57 is composed.
- the set of the first matching block 51 B and the second matching block 57 B functions as the matching circuit of the present invention described above, and the first harmonic processing block 51 A and The set of the second harmonic processing block 57 A improves the efficiency of power amplification as a whole amplifier by removing the harmonic components of the signal of the fundamental frequency f or f 2 .
- the first harmonic processing block 51 A of the output-side matching circuit 50 ′ is the signal band b! A circuit that terminates harmonics of the frequency ⁇ , and is composed of a series matching block 52 u and a parallel matching block 53oul. Specifically, as shown in Fig.
- the second harmonic frequency 2f i is a terminating circuit
- the series matching block 5 2 u is composed of a transmission line with a length of the fundamental wave
- L 4 ( ⁇ ⁇ is the wavelength of the fundamental frequency)
- the parallel matching block 53 u is a long
- you composed open-end line of the transmission line 5 2 "double wave voltage current on Figure The distribution is as shown in 34 4, and a short circuit occurs at port Pi.
- open-ended lines of length ⁇ ⁇ / 4 ( ⁇ responsibleis the wavelength of the 11th harmonic: ⁇ is an even number) in parallel, the termination condition for each even harmonic can be satisfied.
- the length of the open-end line is designed so as to be open at the port P.
- the parallel matching block 53 U is simply a short-circuited line at a certain length. The delay amount is adjusted according to the configuration of the parallel matching block 53 u.
- the first matching block 51B of the output-side matching circuit 50 'in FIG. 33 connects the amplifying element 26 and the output load in the frequency band of the signal band bi.
- This is a circuit for matching, consisting of a series matching block 5 2 12 and a parallel matching block 5 3 12 Has been established.
- 3 5 is an example of using the open-end line as parallel matching proc 5 3 12.
- a short-circuit line at the tip may be used.
- the parallel matching block 5 3 12 a circuit using a combination of lumped constants can be used.
- Series matching proc 5 2 12 also can be configured as a delay circuit due to the transmission line, the delay amount is adjusted according to the configuration of the parallel integer if proc 5 3 12.
- the second harmonic processing block 57 A and the second matching block 57 B of the additional block 57 of the output side matching circuit 50 ′ in FIG. 33 are the frequency of the signal band b 2 in FIG. 5, respectively. terminates harmonics of f 2, is a circuit for matching the output load and the amplifier element 2 in the signal band b 2 frequency f 2.
- the second harmonic processing block 5 7 A corresponds to the first harmonic processing proc 5 1 A of the main matching block 5 1, the series matching block 5 2 21, and Suitsuchi 5 4 21, the parallel matching blanking opening 5 3 21
- the second matching proc 5 7 B corresponds to the first matching block 5 1 B, the series matching proc 5 2 22, the switch 5 4 22, and a parallel matching block 5 3 22..
- the input signal has a first harmonic processing proc 5 1 A, first matching proc 5 1 B, further second harmonic
- the signal is output after passing through the wave processing block 57 A and the second matching block 57 B.
- the design frequency> f 2 harmonics to be processed by the first harmonic processing block 5 1 A so sufficiently higher than the frequency f 2
- the additional proc 5 7 The second harmonic processing block 57A and the second matching block 57B can be easily designed without being affected by the first harmonic processing block 51A. Therefore, it is possible without being affected by the first harmonic processing proc 5 1 A in the first matching proc 5 1 B, to design the matching circuit for the frequency f 2.
- the output matching circuit 5 0 if 'performs the impedance matching in the signal band b 2, a harmonic processing frequency f 2.
- the entire output side matching circuit 50 ′ can be matched in two frequency bands, and a harmonic processing circuit optimal for high efficiency can be configured in each frequency band.
- the number of switches required for one set of harmonic processing blocks and matching blocks is a small number of SPST switches, that is, a single pole single throw switch in total of two switches.
- the arrangement of each harmonic processing block and each matching block may be in the order in which the characteristics are optimized, and is not limited to the order shown in FIG.
- the first harmonic processing block 51 A and the first matching block 51 B and the second harmonic processing block 57 A and the second matching block It is possible to adopt a configuration in which the positions of the blocks 57B are interchanged.
- FIG. 33 An embodiment in which the embodiment of FIG. 33 is extended will be described with reference to FIG. A circuit in which (N-1) additional blocks 57, to 57 ⁇ are added to the main matching block 51 composed of the first harmonic processing block 51 A and the first matching block 51 B Equivalent to. That is, the second harmonic processing block 57 A and the second matching block 57 B are collectively referred to as a first additional block 57 i, and (N ⁇ 2) ( However, this is equivalent to a matching circuit in which additional blocks of N ⁇ 3) are cascaded.
- the (N-1) -th additional block 57 w is composed of the N-th harmonic processing block 57 A N and the N-th matching block 57 B N , and the (n-1) -th additional block 57 each terminates harmonics of frequency f n of the signal band b n in FIG. 1 1, aligning the amplifier element and the output load band of frequencies f n Circuit.
- the configuration of each circuit is the same as the configuration of the second harmonic processing block 57 A 2 and the second matching block 57 B 2 in the first auxiliary block 57, and the frequency f n Design as a fundamental wave.
- the first harmonic processing block 51 A and the first matching block 51 B constituting the main matching block 51 are also switched on / off by the on / off switch 5 4 5 4 Although the case where 12 is provided is shown, these switches are not necessarily required.
- the input signal is output through the n-th harmonic processing block 57 An and the n-th matching block 57 Bn .
- Each series matching block does not affect the signal transmission of f n , and the first to n-th matching blocks 57 B to 57 B n and the first to n-th harmonic processing blocks 57 A to 57 n
- An n-th series matching block connected in parallel with 52 n to 52 nl n-th matching block 57 Bn parallel matching block 53 22 allows matching to any impedance . Therefore, it is possible to design the matching circuit for the frequency f n without being influenced by the harmonic processing pro click and the matching proc that contains opened switch. Similarly for harmonic processing, is opened it is possible to perform the harmonic processing for the frequency f n without being influenced by the harmonic processing proc and the matching proc that contains switch. the output matching circuit, the impedance matching for the frequency f n, the harmonic frequency f n Perform wave processing.
- FIG. 38 shows an example in which the main matching block 51, the harmonic processing block 57 A 2 to 57 A N , and the matching block 57 B 2 to 57 B N are arranged in this order.
- FIG. 9 is an example in which the harmonic processing block 57 A 2 to 57 A N , the main matching block 51, and the matching block 5 7 8 2 5 7 B N are arranged in this order, and FIG. Alignment block 5 7 B 2 to 5 7
- B N , main matching block 51, and harmonic processing block 57 A 2 to 57 A N are arranged in this order
- FIG. 41 shows a harmonic processing block 57 A 2 to 57 A. N , matching block 57 B 2 to 57 B N , and main matching block 51 are arranged in this order.
- the output-side matching circuit 50 ′ As described above, by turning on / off the switches 54 nl and 54 n2 included in the n-th harmonic processing block 57 N and the n-th matching block 57 B N , the output-side matching circuit 50 ′ The whole can be matched in N frequency bands, and a harmonic processing circuit that is optimal for high efficiency at each frequency can be configured. At this time, only two SPST switches are required per harmonic processing block and matching block, and a small number of 2 (N-1) in total is sufficient.
- the arrangement of each harmonic processing block and each matching block need only be in the order in which the characteristics are optimized, and is not limited to the order shown in FIG. 37 described above.
- FIG. 42 shows an example in which the parallel matching block 53 shown in FIG. 16 is applied to, for example, a harmonic processing block 57 A 2 to 57 AN group shown in FIG. 38.
- the center frequency of the input signal is f n
- the n-th parallel matching block is designed as a harmonic processing circuit of frequency f n .
- An n-th parallel matching block connected in parallel with the first to n-th series matching blocks can perform matching for an arbitrary impedance. Therefore, it is possible to design the parallel and matching blocks, a matching circuitry for f n without being affected by the matching block including the opened switch.
- Each harmonic processing block and matching block can be composed of resistors, inductances, capacitances, or other lumped parameters, or can be composed of distributed parameters having characteristics equivalent to these.
- the output-side matching circuit 50 'of the embodiment described above may be adapted to the input-side matching circuit.
- all impedance matching is performed by the delay amount of the parallel matching block and the series matching block.
- the delay amount may be zero depending on the circuit design. 'If the delay amount of the serial matching block of the attached map block becomes 0, the corresponding switch becomes unnecessary.
- each matching circuit 50, 50 ' is an example of FIG.
- the matching circuit 50 shown in FIGS. 17, 19, 20 and 21 may be used.
- switches the switch in the embodiment of FIG. 3 6 As an example of including respective harmonic processing block 5 7 A and matching proc 5 7 B, have in Figure 4 to that the series matching proc 5 2 2 shown in FIG. 9
- the parallel matching block 5 3 2 connected via 5 4 2 is shown, but the series matching block 5 2 2 and the parallel matching block 5 connected to it in the matching circuit 50 shown in FIG. 17 are shown.
- 3 2 and a pair of switches 5 4 2 or a series matching block 5 2 2 in the matching circuit 50 shown in FIGS. 19, 20 and 21 and a parallel matching block 5 3 2 and 5 connected to it 5 2 and Suitsuchi 5 4 2 Ito ⁇ may be applied.
- frequency bands include 4th generation mobile communication systems (5 GHz band, etc.), 3rd generation mobile communication systems (2 GHz band), and other systems (800 MHz band, 1.5 GHz band for PDC). , GSM, PHS, and 2.4 GHz for wireless LANs), but are not limited to these.
- the invention's effect include 4th generation mobile communication systems (5 GHz band, etc.), 3rd generation mobile communication systems (2 GHz band), and other systems (800 MHz band, 1.5 GHz band for PDC). , GSM, PHS, and 2.4 GHz for wireless LANs), but are not limited to these.
- the present invention it is not necessary to form a separate matching circuit for each frequency band of an input signal, and it is possible to reduce the number of components and the installation area. In addition, the number of switching switches can be minimized, thereby reducing the loss and reducing the overall size and structure.
- the matching circuit of the present invention it is not necessary to configure a set of the amplifying element, the harmonic processing circuit, and the matching circuit by the number of the frequency bands of the input signal, so that the number of parts and the installation area can be reduced. Can be achieved.
- the number of switches used especially when changing the matching circuit is small, and the switches can be configured with SPST switches having a simple configuration, and the insertion loss due to the switches can be significantly reduced. Therefore, it is suitable for configuring a compact multi-band ⁇ -efficiency power amplifier.
- the matching circuit of the present invention even in a cell environment in which frequency bands used in a plurality of mobile communication services are mixed, the reactance of the circuit is changed by switching this switch, and the entire matching circuit is multibanded. be able to. Further, according to the matching circuit of the present invention, both the insertion loss and the isolation characteristics are sufficient. It is possible to provide a multi-band matching circuit capable of achieving impedance matching even when using no switch.
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Abstract
Description
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CN2004800069270A CN1762097B (zh) | 2003-03-14 | 2004-03-15 | 匹配电路和包括匹配电路的功率放大器 |
EP04720743A EP1605589A4 (en) | 2003-03-14 | 2004-03-15 | COMPARISON CIRCUIT |
JP2005503619A JP4464919B2 (ja) | 2003-03-14 | 2004-03-15 | 整合回路 |
US10/548,559 US8098114B2 (en) | 2003-03-14 | 2004-03-15 | Matching circuit |
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JP2008283430A (ja) * | 2007-05-10 | 2008-11-20 | Ntt Docomo Inc | 整合回路 |
EP2421151A2 (en) | 2010-08-19 | 2012-02-22 | NTT DoCoMo, Inc. | Multiband impedance matching circuit |
JP2012044436A (ja) * | 2010-08-19 | 2012-03-01 | Ntt Docomo Inc | マルチバンド整合回路 |
US8416035B2 (en) | 2010-08-19 | 2013-04-09 | Ntt Docomo, Inc. | Multiband matching circuit |
JPWO2012098863A1 (ja) * | 2011-01-20 | 2014-06-09 | パナソニック株式会社 | 高周波電力増幅器 |
JP2013138513A (ja) * | 2013-04-03 | 2013-07-11 | Ntt Docomo Inc | マルチバンド整合回路 |
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WO2015178204A1 (ja) * | 2014-05-19 | 2015-11-26 | 株式会社村田製作所 | アンテナ整合回路、アンテナ整合モジュール、アンテナ装置および無線通信装置 |
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US10250209B2 (en) | 2016-09-21 | 2019-04-02 | Murata Manugacturing Co., Ltd. | Power amplification module |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20070018758A1 (en) | 2007-01-25 |
EP1605589A4 (en) | 2007-03-21 |
EP1605589A1 (en) | 2005-12-14 |
CN1762097B (zh) | 2010-10-13 |
CN1762097A (zh) | 2006-04-19 |
US8098114B2 (en) | 2012-01-17 |
JP4464919B2 (ja) | 2010-05-19 |
JPWO2004082138A1 (ja) | 2006-06-15 |
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