WO2004080592A1 - 多元系金属コロイドを用いて製造される触媒 - Google Patents
多元系金属コロイドを用いて製造される触媒 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004080592A1 WO2004080592A1 PCT/JP2004/003059 JP2004003059W WO2004080592A1 WO 2004080592 A1 WO2004080592 A1 WO 2004080592A1 JP 2004003059 W JP2004003059 W JP 2004003059W WO 2004080592 A1 WO2004080592 A1 WO 2004080592A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- catalyst
- colloid
- solution
- protective agent
- Prior art date
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 139
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 139
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000003223 protective agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- -1 rare earth metal ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910001420 alkaline earth metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910001428 transition metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 58
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- NOWKCMXCCJGMRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aziridine Chemical compound C1CN1 NOWKCMXCCJGMRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000083 poly(allylamine) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CKHJYUSOUQDYEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallium(3+) Chemical compound [Ga+3] CKHJYUSOUQDYEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 23
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 51
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 29
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 27
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 20
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid Substances CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000003426 co-catalyst Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IXSUHTFXKKBBJP-UHFFFAOYSA-L azanide;platinum(2+);dinitrite Chemical compound [NH2-].[NH2-].[Pt+2].[O-]N=O.[O-]N=O IXSUHTFXKKBBJP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)C WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- FOCAUTSVDIKZOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCl FOCAUTSVDIKZOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940106681 chloroacetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004453 electron probe microanalysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKIZCWYLBDKLSU-UHFFFAOYSA-M N,N,N-Trimethylmethanaminium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)C OKIZCWYLBDKLSU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002156 adsorbate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- QZPSXPBJTPJTSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aqua regia Chemical compound Cl.O[N+]([O-])=O QZPSXPBJTPJTSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013522 chelant Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012456 homogeneous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003057 platinum Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PXXKQOPKNFECSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum rhodium Chemical compound [Rh].[Pt] PXXKQOPKNFECSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0201—Impregnation
- B01J37/0211—Impregnation using a colloidal suspension
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
- B01D53/9422—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides by NOx storage or reduction by cyclic switching between lean and rich exhaust gases (LNT, NSC, NSR)
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
- B01J23/63—Platinum group metals with rare earths or actinides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/20—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their non-solid state
- B01J35/23—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their non-solid state in a colloidal state
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/10—Noble metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/102—Platinum group metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/10—Noble metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/104—Silver
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/10—Noble metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/106—Gold
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/204—Alkaline earth metals
- B01D2255/2042—Barium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/207—Transition metals
- B01D2255/20715—Zirconium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/207—Transition metals
- B01D2255/20738—Iron
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/207—Transition metals
- B01D2255/20746—Cobalt
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/207—Transition metals
- B01D2255/20753—Nickel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/207—Transition metals
- B01D2255/20769—Molybdenum
Definitions
- the present invention relates to catalysts. Specifically, the present invention relates to a catalyst in which one or more catalyst metals are supported on a carrier and at least one of an alkaline earth metal, a transition metal, a rare earth metal, aluminum, and a gallium is supported as a promoter metal. Is what you do. Background art
- the catalyst metal for the catalytic reaction is supported alone, and the catalyst is used to improve performance such as improving activity, suppressing grain growth, suppressing catalyst poisoning, or to provide additional functions.
- Many metals have been developed in which metals other than metals (hereinafter, metals supported for improving performance or providing additional functions are referred to as promoter metals) are supported in a complex manner.
- metals supported for improving performance or providing additional functions are referred to as promoter metals
- promoter metals platinum-rhodium / palladium composite catalyst known as an automotive exhaust gas purification catalyst having NOX storage capacity.
- the Platinum-Z rhodium / Vadium composite catalyst was developed as a catalyst that can effectively remove NO X in addition to conventional exhaust gas combustion.
- normal exhaust gas combustion is promoted by the catalytic metal platinum / rhodium, while occlusion of NOx is performed by the promoter metal barium.
- colloid refers to a state in which fine particles (cluster particles) such as metals and ceramics insoluble in a solvent are dispersed or suspended in the solvent, and a colloid solution using a liquid as a solvent is generally known. I have. By adsorbing this colloid on a carrier, unlike the case of using an ordinary aqueous solution, the metal fine particles constituting the cluster particles can be directly highly dispersed and supported on the carrier.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-27998 discloses a single metal colloid or a composite metal colloid comprising one or more metal particles (for example, platinum). / Rhodium-bimetallic colloid) is supported on a porous carrier, and an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or rare earth compound aqueous solution is used for the alkali metal, alkaline earth metal ( For example, barium) and rare earth metals are supported.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-279824 discloses that a predetermined high molecular weight organic compound is applied as a protective agent constituting a colloid.
- This protective agent is a compound that chemically or physically binds and adsorbs around colloid particles in a colloid solution, and suppresses aggregation of colloid particles to control the particle size distribution within an appropriate range. And stabilize.
- a protective agent colloid particles having a small particle diameter are maintained in a suspended state, and in the production of a catalyst, the particle diameter of the catalyst particles is reduced to increase the effective surface area of the catalyst as much as possible.
- the protective agent is referred to as a chelating agent, but both are synonymous.
- the catalyst manufactured by the conventional method cannot utilize all of the actually supported varieties, and in fact, the usage rate is only about 10% mo 1%. Not confirmed.
- the above problems are not limited to the platinum / rhodium / palladium composite catalyst.
- many other catalysts such as fuel cell catalysts, which support a composite catalyst metal in addition to the catalyst metal, have been developed. In many cases, it is preferable that these are carried in close proximity.
- the present invention has been made based on the above background, and in a catalyst in which a catalyst metal and a co-catalyst metal are compositely supported on a support, the catalyst metal and the co-catalyst metal are placed in close proximity so that the characteristics of both metals can be sufficiently exhibited. It is intended to provide a supported catalyst.
- a catalyst metal platinum, rhodium
- a promoter metal barium
- the inventors of the present invention provided a plurality of steps of loading with a metal colloid and loading with a metal salt aqueous solution as in the conventional method, and in a method in which loading of the catalyst metal and loading of the promoter metal were separated, the promoter metal was not used. We thought that it was difficult to control the adsorption position. In view of this, the present inventors have made the catalyst metal and the co-catalyst metal coexist in the colloid, instead of the conventional multi-stage support of the noble metal and the co-catalyst metal. Were preferred.
- noble metals and some base metals can be formed into cluster particles, but some co-catalyst metals are difficult to form into cluster particles depending on their types.
- alkaline earth metals such as barium cannot be reduced to cluster particles by reducing metal ions in an aqueous solution.
- the present inventors have studied to obtain a multi-component metal colloid in which a catalyst metal and a catalyst metal which is difficult to form cluster particles coexist.
- the catalytic metal we came up with the idea of binding it to the protective agent, which is a component of the colloid, in an ionic state. Then, in a catalyst in which a catalyst metal and a co-catalyst metal are supported using such a multi-component metal colloid, it has been found that the two metals are in close proximity.
- the present invention provides a catalyst comprising one or more catalyst metals, a promoter metal comprising at least one of an alkaline earth metal, a transition metal, a rare earth metal, aluminum and gallium, and a carrier.
- a catalyst metal and the co-catalyst metal are supported by attaching a multi-component metal colloid solution to a carrier, and the multi-component metal colloid solution is water or water and water.
- a catalyst comprising one or more metal ions of alkaline earth metal ions, transition metal ions, rare earth metal ions, aluminum ions, and gallium ions.
- the metal colloid applied to the production of the catalyst according to the present invention has a function similar to that of the bimetallic colloid, and is simultaneously coated with a noble metal and a promoter metal. It can be adsorbed on the adsorbate.
- the catalyst metal and the co-catalyst metal (ion) bonded to the protective agent are in a state of being close to each other in units of particles. Therefore, the catalyst according to the present invention in which the metal colloid is supported on a carrier has the catalyst metal and the cocatalyst metal supported in close proximity.
- the polymer material which is a protective agent constituting the metal colloid one having a nitrogen and / or carboxyl group in the molecule is preferable.
- Polymer materials having these elements and substituents can be easily bonded to the co-catalyst metal ion by coordination bonds for those having a nitrogen atom, ionic bonds for carboxyl groups, and chelate bonds for those having both.
- PVP which is conventionally known as a colloid protective agent, lacks the ability to bind to metal ions, so that when the colloid is adsorbed on the carrier, the promoter metal cannot be fixed on the carrier. Is inappropriate.
- polymer materials having a nitrogen, Z or carboxyl group in the molecule are, specifically, polyethyleneimine, polyallylamine, poly (N-carboxymethyl) arylamine, poly (N, N— Either dicarboxymethyl) arylamine or poly (N-carboxymethyl) ethyleneimine.
- polyethyleneimine polyallylamine
- poly (N-carboxymethyl) arylamine poly (N, N— Either dicarboxymethyl) arylamine or poly (N-carboxymethyl) ethyleneimine.
- the solvent for the colloid is water or a mixed solvent of water and an organic solvent, but if the colloid is not water-soluble, precipitation occurs during use and handling becomes difficult.
- the catalytic metal of the catalyst according to the present invention gold, platinum, silver, palladium, rhodium, iridium, ruthenium, and osmium are considered, and a colloid consisting of only one of these noble metals may be used.
- a colloid composed of a plurality of noble metals, such as a tallic colloid, may be used.
- a catalyst metal colloid is produced, and an alkaline earth metal ion, a transition metal ion, a rare earth metal ion, an aluminum ion, and a gallium ion are added thereto. It is preferably added.
- an aqueous solution of a salt of a catalytic metal is produced, a polymer material solution as a protective agent is added thereto to form a catalytic metal colloid, and an aqueous solution of a salt of an alkaline earth metal or the like is further added.
- ions such as alkaline earth metals are bonded to the protective agent, and the metal colloid according to the present invention can be obtained.
- the catalyst according to the present invention can be produced by adsorbing the metal colloid on a carrier.
- a carrier for adsorbing metal colloid those used as ordinary catalyst carriers such as alumina and zirconia can be applied.
- the present invention can be applied to various catalysts such as a fuel cell catalyst in addition to an automobile exhaust gas purifying catalyst.
- the catalyst according to the present invention can be used in a state where the metal colloid is supported on the carrier, but may be further calcined. As a result, the polymer material as a protective agent on the carrier disappears.
- FIG. 1 shows the result of an EPMA analysis of the catalyst produced in the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of evaluating the NOx storage characteristics of the catalyst manufactured in the present embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of evaluating the exhaust gas purification characteristics of the catalyst manufactured in the present embodiment.
- BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION platinum is used as the catalyst metal, and polyethyleneimine (hereinafter, referred to as PEI), poly (N-carboxymethyl) arylamine (hereinafter, referred to as P (CM) AA), and poly (as the protective agent).
- P (DCM) AA N, N-dicarboxymethyl) arylamine
- P (DC) EI poly (N-carbo) Xymethyl) Ethyleneimine
- P (DC) EI poly (N-carbo) Xymethyl) Ethyleneimine
- the protective agent a commercially available reagent was used for PEI, but other protective agents were first synthesized.
- the production of the synthesized protective agent, the production of the catalytic metal colloid, and the bonding of the promoter metal ion will be described.
- a water solution obtained by dissolving 800 g (2.0 mo 1) of NaOH in 500 mL of water The solution was mixed with an aqueous solution obtained by dissolving 189 g (2.0 mo 1) of acetic acid in water in 400 mL of water, and the mixture was heated to 50 ° C and heated to 50 ° C. (5 mol) was added dropwise with stirring to an aqueous solution of 50 mL of water. After stirring this solution at 50 ° C for 1 hour, an aqueous solution of NaOH was added dropwise until the solution reached pH 10 and the reaction temperature was raised to 95 ° C to continue the reaction. . Then, similarly to the production of P (CM) AA, an NaOH aqueous solution was appropriately added to maintain pH10. The reaction continued until no change in pH was seen.
- CM P
- the white suspension was added a HN0 3 aqueous solution to precipitate the solid body component with a centrifuge, the supernatant was removed.
- An aqueous solution of tetramethylammonium hydroxide was added to the precipitate to redissolve, and the precipitate was precipitated with an aqueous HNO 3 solution.
- the solid component was again precipitated by a centrifuge, and the supernatant was removed. This operation was repeated three times, and P (DC) EI was added to 58.8 g (0.34m o 1) got t
- Pt-PEI colloid PEI protected platinum colloid
- the water solubility of the colloid was examined. This study was performed by allowing the manufactured colloid solution to stand for 24 hours and examining the presence or absence of precipitation at that time.
- Table 2 shows the results of a water solubility study with PEI as a protective agent, depending on the type of promoter metal. According to Table 2, it is found that the metal colloid produced in the present embodiment has good water-solubility without generation of precipitates regardless of the type thereof when the content of the promoter metal ion is 1 O mg or less. Table 2
- Table 3 shows the results of a study on water solubility depending on the type of protective agent when Zr is used as a promoter metal ion in the transition metals. From Table 3, it can be seen that the metal colloid produced in the present embodiment generally has good water solubility regardless of the protective agent when the content of the promoter metal ion is 2 mg or less. Table 3
- a PEI colloid solution equivalent to 20 mg Pt (0.5 g) was mixed with an aqueous solution of each co-catalyst metal ion and water to make 50 niL, and 1 g of alumina was added. Ammonia was added with stirring to adjust the pH to 10, and the colloid was adsorbed on alumina.
- PEI _ Pt colloid For PEI _ Pt colloid, add 2 O mg—Pt equivalent colloid solution (0.5 g) and Zr ion amount lmg equivalent ZrO (N ⁇ 3 ) 2 aqueous solution and water. After adding 1 g of alumina to the solution having a volume of 5 O mL, ammonia was added with vigorous stirring to adjust the pH to HI 0, and the colloid was adsorbed to alumina.
- a conventional composite catalyst was manufactured and evaluated.
- the composite catalyst according to this comparative example was manufactured by first supporting an aqueous solution of a platinum salt on a carrier and then impregnating the same with an aqueous solution of a promoter metal salt.
- the N ⁇ x storage characteristics of the Pt—Ba catalyst were investigated. Specifically, the initial state after catalyst production The NO x storage characteristics of the medium were evaluated, and a durability test was performed to examine the NO x storage characteristics after the durability test.
- the NOx occlusion characteristics were evaluated using a gas having the composition shown in Table 6, flowing a clean gas for 30 minutes at a temperature of 400 ° C, and then flowing a rich gas for 10 minutes. The measurement was performed by measuring the amount of occlusion. At this time, the gas flow rate was 5 L / min per 1 g of the catalyst.
- the catalyst was used in an electric furnace in an air atmosphere at 700. C, by heating for 5 hours. Then, the catalyst after the durability test was also evaluated for NOx storage characteristics. Table 6
- FIG. 2 shows the evaluation results of the NO x storage characteristics. From FIG. 2, it was confirmed that the Pt—Ba catalyst according to the present embodiment had better NO X storage capacity characteristics than the conventional catalyst. This is a tendency observed before and after the durability test. This result is considered to be due to the fact that Pt and Ba are carried in closer proximity in the present embodiment.
- the exhaust gas purification characteristics of a catalyst supporting Fe, Co, Ni, Mo, and Zr as promoter metals were examined. The exhaust gas purification characteristics were evaluated by first performing a durability test and examining the exhaust gas purification characteristics after the durability test. Table 2 shows the gases used in this evaluation test. In the endurance test, the temperature was set to 100 ° C.
- Figure 3 shows the results of evaluating the exhaust gas purification characteristics. As can be seen from FIG. 3, it was confirmed that the catalyst according to the present embodiment exhibited excellent characteristics with a 50% lower purification temperature than the conventional catalyst, regardless of which promoter metal was applied. . This is considered to be due to the fact that Pt and the co-catalyst metal are supported in close proximity to each other in the present embodiment, as in the evaluation of the NOx storage characteristics described above.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
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US10/548,230 US7754639B2 (en) | 2003-03-11 | 2004-03-10 | Catalyst produced by using multi-element metal colloid |
EP04719078A EP1611952A4 (en) | 2003-03-11 | 2004-03-10 | CATALYST PRODUCED BY COLLOIDS OF MULTIPLE METALLIC ELEMENTS |
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JP2003064798A JP4195319B2 (ja) | 2003-03-11 | 2003-03-11 | 多元系金属コロイドを用いて製造される触媒 |
JP2003-064798 | 2003-11-03 |
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WO2004080592A1 true WO2004080592A1 (ja) | 2004-09-23 |
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US (1) | US7754639B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1611952A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4195319B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100435953C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004080592A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
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CN104815686A (zh) * | 2015-05-06 | 2015-08-05 | 昆明贵益金属材料有限公司 | 水溶性硝酸钯的制备方法 |
Families Citing this family (16)
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JP4513372B2 (ja) | 2004-03-23 | 2010-07-28 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 排ガス浄化用触媒及び排ガス浄化触媒 |
JP4513384B2 (ja) | 2004-03-31 | 2010-07-28 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 高耐熱性排ガス浄化用触媒及びその製造方法 |
WO2008038834A1 (fr) * | 2006-09-29 | 2008-04-03 | Cataler Corporation | Produit chimique portant du rhodium et catalyseur du rhodium préparé à l'aide de celui-ci |
FR2909571B1 (fr) * | 2006-12-11 | 2009-10-02 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Catalyseur prepare par impregnation d'une solution aqueuse contenant des particules oxy(hydroxy)de d'un cation en interaction avec une espece moleculaire d'un metal du groupe viii |
JP5491745B2 (ja) | 2009-02-23 | 2014-05-14 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | 排ガス浄化用触媒及びその製造方法 |
US20110033353A1 (en) * | 2009-08-05 | 2011-02-10 | Basf Corporation | Preparation of Diesel Oxidation Catalyst Via Deposition of Colloidal Nanoparticles |
EP2496350A4 (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2014-02-12 | Univ California | METAL COLLOID WITH ACCESSIBLE METAL SURFACES |
EP2409759A1 (de) * | 2010-07-23 | 2012-01-25 | LANXESS Deutschland GmbH | Isomerisierungskatalysator |
JP5548548B2 (ja) * | 2010-07-30 | 2014-07-16 | 日揮触媒化成株式会社 | 金属粒子担持触媒の製造方法、金属粒子担持触媒及び反応方法。 |
US20120077669A1 (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2012-03-29 | Basf Corporation | Polymer-Assisted Synthesis Of A Supported Metal Catalyst |
JP5806157B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-26 | 2015-11-10 | エヌ・イーケムキャット株式会社 | 排気ガス浄化用触媒組成物 |
WO2014010012A1 (ja) * | 2012-07-09 | 2014-01-16 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 排ガス浄化用触媒及びその製造方法 |
JP6315192B2 (ja) * | 2014-05-28 | 2018-04-25 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | NOx吸蔵還元型触媒及びその製造方法 |
JP2018149457A (ja) * | 2015-07-03 | 2018-09-27 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 排ガス浄化触媒 |
CN111569936B (zh) * | 2015-12-28 | 2023-12-05 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 簇载持催化剂及其制造方法 |
US10035133B2 (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2018-07-31 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Catalysts with atomically dispersed platinum group metal complexes and a barrier disposed between the complexes |
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- 2004-03-10 WO PCT/JP2004/003059 patent/WO2004080592A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2004-03-10 US US10/548,230 patent/US7754639B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-03-10 EP EP04719078A patent/EP1611952A4/en not_active Withdrawn
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Also Published As
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EP1611952A1 (en) | 2006-01-04 |
EP1611952A4 (en) | 2012-04-11 |
CN1758960A (zh) | 2006-04-12 |
US7754639B2 (en) | 2010-07-13 |
CN100435953C (zh) | 2008-11-26 |
US20070060473A1 (en) | 2007-03-15 |
JP4195319B2 (ja) | 2008-12-10 |
JP2004267961A (ja) | 2004-09-30 |
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