WO2004014792A1 - Verfahren zur abtrennung von schwefelwasserstoff aus koksofengas mit nachfolgender gewinnung von elementarem schwefel in einer claus-anlage - Google Patents
Verfahren zur abtrennung von schwefelwasserstoff aus koksofengas mit nachfolgender gewinnung von elementarem schwefel in einer claus-anlage Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004014792A1 WO2004014792A1 PCT/EP2003/004899 EP0304899W WO2004014792A1 WO 2004014792 A1 WO2004014792 A1 WO 2004014792A1 EP 0304899 W EP0304899 W EP 0304899W WO 2004014792 A1 WO2004014792 A1 WO 2004014792A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- claus
- boiler
- gas
- sulfur
- reaction furnace
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B17/00—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
- C01B17/02—Preparation of sulfur; Purification
- C01B17/04—Preparation of sulfur; Purification from gaseous sulfur compounds including gaseous sulfides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/73—After-treatment of removed components
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1456—Removing acid components
- B01D53/1468—Removing hydrogen sulfide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8603—Removing sulfur compounds
- B01D53/8612—Hydrogen sulfide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B17/00—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
- C01B17/02—Preparation of sulfur; Purification
- C01B17/04—Preparation of sulfur; Purification from gaseous sulfur compounds including gaseous sulfides
- C01B17/0404—Preparation of sulfur; Purification from gaseous sulfur compounds including gaseous sulfides by processes comprising a dry catalytic conversion of hydrogen sulfide-containing gases, e.g. the Claus process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B17/00—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
- C01B17/02—Preparation of sulfur; Purification
- C01B17/04—Preparation of sulfur; Purification from gaseous sulfur compounds including gaseous sulfides
- C01B17/0404—Preparation of sulfur; Purification from gaseous sulfur compounds including gaseous sulfides by processes comprising a dry catalytic conversion of hydrogen sulfide-containing gases, e.g. the Claus process
- C01B17/0408—Pretreatment of the hydrogen sulfide containing gases
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for separating hydrogen sulfide from coke oven gas with subsequent extraction of elemental sulfur in a Claus plant, in which the hydrogen sulfide is removed from the coke oven gas by gas scrubbing with an absorption liquid, the loaded absorption liquid is regenerated and hydrogen sulfide accumulating in concentrated form is fed to the Claus system,
- Coke oven gas contains hydrogen sulfide, which must be removed in a gas scrubber before use.
- concentrated hydrogen sulfide is produced, which is converted into elemental sulfur in a downstream Claus plant.
- the heart of the Claus plant is a boiler with a combustion chamber, where at high temperatures of more than 800 ° C hydrogen sulfide is converted into elemental sulfur with atmospheric oxygen. The basic reaction of the procedure is
- reaction equilibrium about 70% of the hydrogen sulfide is obtained as elemental sulfur, which is eliminated by cooling the process gas in a downstream waste heat boiler by condensation.
- subsequent reaction furnaces which are also referred to as catalyst stages, residual hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide contents are determined according to the reaction equation
- the Claus reactors are operated at temperatures below 350 ° C.
- the Claus plant is always designed with at least two Claus reactors connected in series and operated at different temperature levels in order to achieve high sulfur yields. Between The Claus reactors connected in series are provided with intercooling for the separation of condensed elemental sulfur.
- a Claus system of the structure described and with the stated purpose is described in Ullmanns Encyklopadie der Technische Chemie, Volume 21, pages 8 to 13.
- a Claus plant consisting of a Claus boiler and two downstream catalyst stages with intermediate cooling is complex in terms of equipment.
- the object of the invention is to reduce the expenditure on equipment by changing the method.
- the object is achieved according to the invention in that the Claus system is operated only with a single reaction furnace and in this a working temperature of less than 250 ° C. is set and in that the process gas leaving the reaction furnace after separation of the condensed sulfur a residual content not converted in the reaction furnace
- Hydrogen sulfide is returned to the coke oven gas to be cleaned before the gas scrubbing.
- the reaction furnace is preferably operated in a temperature range between 200 ° C. and 230 ° C.
- the Claus plant is designed with only one Claus boiler and a single downstream catalyst stage, which is operated at a lower temperature compared to the prior art. It is accepted that the proportion of H 2 S converted based on the hydrogen sulfide fed to the Claus plant amount is less than in the prior art when using a Claus plant with two or more catalyst stages. According to the invention, when considering the overall process, it was recognized that higher sulfur contents in the exhaust gas from the Claus plant are tolerable if the exhaust gas is returned to the coke oven gas to be cleaned and is subjected to the gas scrubbing together with it.
- gas scrubbing is designed in such a way that a higher content of hydrogen sulfide in the coke oven gas as a result of the recirculation according to the invention does not affect the hydrogen sulfide content in the cleaned gas.
- gas scrubbing eliminates the need for a second or third catalytic converter stage in the Claus plant.
- the Claus system can be implemented very simply in terms of system technology.
- the control engineering side of the Claus system is also considerably simplified.
- Fig. 2 shows a Claus system that is used in the process according to the invention.
- the structure of the Claus system 4 is shown in Fig. 2.
- the basic structure of this plant includes a Claus boiler 6, a waste heat boiler 7 and a reaction furnace 8 with a catalyst bed 9.
- a feed stream 10 containing hydrogen sulfide is fed into a combustion chamber 13 of the Claus boiler 6 together with air 11 and heating gas 12 at temperatures of approx. 1200 ° C in an exothermic reaction with the formation of elemental sulfur.
- the process gas leaving the Claus boiler 6 is cooled in the waste heat boiler 7 to a temperature of less than 170 ° C. required for the condensation of the sulfur. Elemental sulfur S is condensed and separated.
- the process gas 14 is heated with admixture of a partial stream 15 taken from the Claus boiler 6 and fed to the reaction furnace 8 of the Claus plant.
- hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide are converted to elemental sulfur over catalysts 16.
- the reaction furnace 8 is operated at a working temperature of less than 250 ° C, preferably in a temperature range between 200 ° C and 230 ° C.
- the Claus plant 4 is only designed with a single reaction furnace 8.
- the process gas leaving the reaction furnace 8 is cooled to a temperature required for the condensation of the sulfur.
- the process gas 5, which still contains a residual hydrogen sulfide content is returned to the coke oven gas COG to be cleaned before the gas scrubbing 1.
- the Claus plant 4 is operated in such a way that 80 to 85% of the hydrogen sulfide substance is converted into elemental sulfur and drawn off as condensate.
- a fireproof-lined boiler is used in the horizontal configuration, which has a combustion chamber 13 and a horizontally adjoining catalyst space with a catalyst bed 9 delimited on both sides by gas-permeable lattice stones 17.
- both the gas stream emerging from the Claus boiler 6, which is approximately 1200 ° C. hot, and the process gas stream emerging from the reaction furnace 8 at a temperature of less than 250 ° C. are cooled to a temperature below the condensation temperature of elemental sulfur.
- a low-pressure steam 18 is generated.
- the waste heat boiler 7 has a first tube bundle 19 made of heat exchanger tubes, from which the Claus boiler 6 exiting process gas are flowed through.
- the waste heat boiler 7 also has a second tube bundle 20 made of heat exchanger tubes through which the process gas emerging from the reaction furnace 8 flows.
- the tube bundles 19, 20 are arranged in a common steam generator room. Elemental sulfur already condenses in the waste heat boiler 7 and is withdrawn in liquid form from the waste heat boiler 7 and downstream separators 21.
- a partial stream 15 is branched off from the Claus boiler.
- the branch line is connected to the circumference of a refractory lined downstream space 22 of the Claus boiler 6 and opens into the process gas line adjacent to the boiler.
- a valve body is adjustably arranged, with which the volume flow of the hot gas stream emerging from the branch line can be regulated.
- the valve body and an actuating device assigned to the valve body are cooled by the process gas 14, which is guided through the process gas line, so that customary metallic materials can be used for the valve body.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Industrial Gases (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE50308549T DE50308549D1 (de) | 2002-07-25 | 2003-05-10 | Verfahren zur abtrennung von schwefelwasserstoff aus koksofengas mit nachfolgender gewinnung von elementarem schwefel in einer claus-anlage |
MXPA05001018A MXPA05001018A (es) | 2002-07-25 | 2003-05-10 | Metodo para el aislamiento de sulfuro de hidrogeno de gas de horno de coque con recuperacion posterior de azufre elemental en una instalacion de claus. |
CA2493286A CA2493286C (en) | 2002-07-25 | 2003-05-10 | Method for isolating hydrogen sulphide from coke oven gas with the subsequent recovery of elemental sulphur in a claus plant |
JP2004526661A JP4452617B2 (ja) | 2002-07-25 | 2003-05-10 | コークス炉ガスから硫化水素を分離し、その後クラウスプラントで純粋な硫黄を得る方法 |
US10/521,984 US8012441B2 (en) | 2002-07-25 | 2003-05-10 | Method for isolating hydrogen sulphide from coke oven gas with the subsequent recovery of elemental sulphur in a Claus plant |
EP03732341A EP1527013B1 (de) | 2002-07-25 | 2003-05-10 | Verfahren zur abtrennung von schwefelwasserstoff aus koksofengas mit nachfolgender gewinnung von elementarem schwefel in einer claus-anlage |
BRPI0312931-4A BR0312931B1 (pt) | 2002-07-25 | 2003-05-10 | processo para a separação de ácido sulfìdrico a partir de gás de coqueria com a subsequente obtenção de enxofre elementar em uma instalação de claus. |
AU2003239862A AU2003239862A1 (en) | 2002-07-25 | 2003-05-10 | Method for isolating hydrogen sulphide from coke-oven gas with the subsequent recovery of elemental sulphur in a claus plant |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10233819A DE10233819A1 (de) | 2002-07-25 | 2002-07-25 | Verfahren zur Abtrennung von Schwefelwasserstoff aus Koksofengas mit nachfolgender Gewinnung von elementarem Schwefel in einer Claus-Anlage |
DE10233819.1 | 2002-07-25 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004014792A1 true WO2004014792A1 (de) | 2004-02-19 |
Family
ID=30128366
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2003/004899 WO2004014792A1 (de) | 2002-07-25 | 2003-05-10 | Verfahren zur abtrennung von schwefelwasserstoff aus koksofengas mit nachfolgender gewinnung von elementarem schwefel in einer claus-anlage |
Country Status (17)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8012441B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1527013B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP4452617B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR100975456B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1290760C (de) |
AT (1) | ATE377574T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2003239862A1 (de) |
BR (1) | BR0312931B1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2493286C (de) |
DE (2) | DE10233819A1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2295589T3 (de) |
MX (1) | MXPA05001018A (de) |
PL (1) | PL202981B1 (de) |
PT (1) | PT1527013E (de) |
TW (1) | TWI275413B (de) |
WO (1) | WO2004014792A1 (de) |
ZA (1) | ZA200501599B (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2014166631A1 (de) | 2013-04-12 | 2014-10-16 | Thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions Ag | Verfahren zur verbesserten reinigung von abwässern aus einer koksofenanlage |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7901646B2 (en) * | 2009-08-05 | 2011-03-08 | General Electric Company | System and method for sulfur recovery |
DE102010013052A1 (de) * | 2010-03-22 | 2011-09-22 | Uhde Gmbh | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Kondensation, Abscheidung und Lagerung von flüssigem Schwefel in einer Claus-Anlage |
CN102320577A (zh) * | 2011-06-22 | 2012-01-18 | 西南石油大学 | 一种加氢直接氧化硫磺回收工艺 |
DE102012017045A1 (de) | 2012-08-29 | 2014-05-15 | Thyssenkrupp Uhde Gmbh | Verfahren zur Wäsche von schwefelhaltigen Gasen mit einer im Kreislauf geführten ammoniakhaltigen Waschlösung |
DE102013008852A1 (de) * | 2013-05-23 | 2014-11-27 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Behandlung eines schwefelhaltigen Abgases aus einer Schwefelgewinnung |
CN106629624A (zh) * | 2016-09-29 | 2017-05-10 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | 运用复合式克劳斯炉制备硫磺的生产工艺 |
CN106348253A (zh) * | 2016-09-29 | 2017-01-25 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | 运用克劳斯炉制备硫磺的生产工艺 |
CN106890545A (zh) * | 2017-04-05 | 2017-06-27 | 安徽宣城金宏化工有限公司 | 一种二硫化碳生产尾气中硫化氢的分离工艺和设备 |
CN109735369A (zh) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-05-10 | 东南大学 | 一种石油焦化学链气化制取硫磺的装置及方法 |
Citations (5)
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GB769995A (en) * | 1953-12-02 | 1957-03-13 | Gas Council | Improvements in or relating to the recovery of sulphur from gases containing hydrogen sulphide |
DE3843295A1 (de) * | 1988-12-22 | 1990-06-28 | Krupp Koppers Gmbh | Verfahren zum betrieb einer claus-anlage |
EP0672618A1 (de) * | 1994-03-17 | 1995-09-20 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Gewinnung von elementarem Schwefel aus einem H2S enthaltenden Gasgemisch |
US5628977A (en) * | 1992-11-26 | 1997-05-13 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the desulfurization of a crude gas containing H2 S |
WO2001030692A2 (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 2001-05-03 | Monsanto Company | Process for the production of sulfur |
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US2365893A (en) * | 1939-08-05 | 1944-12-26 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Catalytic conversion of hydrocarbons |
US2534792A (en) * | 1945-01-25 | 1950-12-19 | Olin Mathieson | Reaction furnace and recovery units |
US3607132A (en) * | 1969-09-05 | 1971-09-21 | Amoco Prod Co | Vertical sulfur recovery plant |
US3767766A (en) | 1971-02-22 | 1973-10-23 | Chevron Res | Method of removing gaseous sulfides from gaseous mixtures |
US3994669A (en) * | 1975-11-19 | 1976-11-30 | Meenan Cyril F | Furnace |
US4124685A (en) * | 1976-06-08 | 1978-11-07 | Tarhan Mehmet O | Method for substantially complete removal of hydrogen sulfide from sulfur bearing industrial gases |
DE2759049C3 (de) * | 1977-01-05 | 1987-01-22 | Hitachi, Ltd., Tokio/Tokyo | Verfahren zur Entfernung und Gewinnung von H↓2↓S aus Kohlengas |
US4198386A (en) * | 1978-02-14 | 1980-04-15 | Bethlehem Steel Corporation | Selective removal of a gaseous component from a multi-component gas stream |
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CA1300852C (en) * | 1988-02-23 | 1992-05-19 | Edward Adrian Luinstra | Claus reaction furnace |
DE3916728C1 (de) | 1989-05-23 | 1990-12-20 | Ruhrkohle Ag, 4300 Essen, De | |
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-
2002
- 2002-07-25 DE DE10233819A patent/DE10233819A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2003
- 2003-05-10 MX MXPA05001018A patent/MXPA05001018A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2003-05-10 CN CNB038177730A patent/CN1290760C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-05-10 PT PT03732341T patent/PT1527013E/pt unknown
- 2003-05-10 DE DE50308549T patent/DE50308549D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-05-10 ES ES03732341T patent/ES2295589T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-05-10 EP EP03732341A patent/EP1527013B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-05-10 CA CA2493286A patent/CA2493286C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-05-10 PL PL373405A patent/PL202981B1/pl unknown
- 2003-05-10 US US10/521,984 patent/US8012441B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-05-10 KR KR1020057001244A patent/KR100975456B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2003-05-10 AU AU2003239862A patent/AU2003239862A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-05-10 BR BRPI0312931-4A patent/BR0312931B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-05-10 JP JP2004526661A patent/JP4452617B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-05-10 WO PCT/EP2003/004899 patent/WO2004014792A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2003-05-10 AT AT03732341T patent/ATE377574T1/de active
- 2003-06-11 TW TW092115850A patent/TWI275413B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2005
- 2005-02-23 ZA ZA200501599A patent/ZA200501599B/xx unknown
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB769995A (en) * | 1953-12-02 | 1957-03-13 | Gas Council | Improvements in or relating to the recovery of sulphur from gases containing hydrogen sulphide |
DE3843295A1 (de) * | 1988-12-22 | 1990-06-28 | Krupp Koppers Gmbh | Verfahren zum betrieb einer claus-anlage |
US5628977A (en) * | 1992-11-26 | 1997-05-13 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the desulfurization of a crude gas containing H2 S |
EP0672618A1 (de) * | 1994-03-17 | 1995-09-20 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Gewinnung von elementarem Schwefel aus einem H2S enthaltenden Gasgemisch |
WO2001030692A2 (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 2001-05-03 | Monsanto Company | Process for the production of sulfur |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2014166631A1 (de) | 2013-04-12 | 2014-10-16 | Thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions Ag | Verfahren zur verbesserten reinigung von abwässern aus einer koksofenanlage |
DE102013006289A1 (de) | 2013-04-12 | 2014-10-16 | Thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions Ag | Verfahren zur verbesserten Reinigung von Abwässern aus einer Koksofenanlage |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE377574T1 (de) | 2007-11-15 |
ZA200501599B (en) | 2006-05-31 |
TW200403097A (en) | 2004-03-01 |
CA2493286A1 (en) | 2004-02-19 |
PL202981B1 (pl) | 2009-08-31 |
TWI275413B (en) | 2007-03-11 |
CN1671619A (zh) | 2005-09-21 |
EP1527013B1 (de) | 2007-11-07 |
CA2493286C (en) | 2011-05-03 |
KR20050042469A (ko) | 2005-05-09 |
JP2006504604A (ja) | 2006-02-09 |
AU2003239862A1 (en) | 2004-02-25 |
ES2295589T3 (es) | 2008-04-16 |
JP4452617B2 (ja) | 2010-04-21 |
US8012441B2 (en) | 2011-09-06 |
BR0312931B1 (pt) | 2011-07-12 |
US20060099124A1 (en) | 2006-05-11 |
PL373405A1 (en) | 2005-08-22 |
PT1527013E (pt) | 2008-02-15 |
DE50308549D1 (de) | 2007-12-20 |
MXPA05001018A (es) | 2005-06-08 |
BR0312931A (pt) | 2005-07-05 |
EP1527013A1 (de) | 2005-05-04 |
CN1290760C (zh) | 2006-12-20 |
DE10233819A1 (de) | 2004-02-12 |
KR100975456B1 (ko) | 2010-08-11 |
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