WO2003098127A1 - Climatiseur - Google Patents

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Publication number
WO2003098127A1
WO2003098127A1 PCT/JP2003/005951 JP0305951W WO03098127A1 WO 2003098127 A1 WO2003098127 A1 WO 2003098127A1 JP 0305951 W JP0305951 W JP 0305951W WO 03098127 A1 WO03098127 A1 WO 03098127A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
refrigerant
air conditioner
temperature
thermometer
control
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2003/005951
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yoshihiro Ochiai
Original Assignee
Sanden Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sanden Corporation filed Critical Sanden Corporation
Priority to EP03723347A priority Critical patent/EP1505356B1/fr
Priority to DE60319692T priority patent/DE60319692T2/de
Priority to AU2003235246A priority patent/AU2003235246A1/en
Publication of WO2003098127A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003098127A1/fr
Priority to US10/989,079 priority patent/US6990823B2/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
    • B60H1/3205—Control means therefor
    • B60H1/3219—Control means therefor for improving the response time of a vehicle refrigeration cycle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B27/08—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B27/14—Control
    • F04B27/16—Control of pumps with stationary cylinders
    • F04B27/18—Control of pumps with stationary cylinders by varying the relative positions of a swash plate and a cylinder block
    • F04B27/1804—Controlled by crankcase pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/06—Control using electricity
    • F04B49/065—Control using electricity and making use of computers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F25B49/022—Compressor control arrangements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/68—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using thermal effects
    • G01F1/696—Circuits therefor, e.g. constant-current flow meters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H2001/3236—Cooling devices information from a variable is obtained
    • B60H2001/3239—Cooling devices information from a variable is obtained related to flow
    • B60H2001/3242—Cooling devices information from a variable is obtained related to flow of a refrigerant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H2001/3236—Cooling devices information from a variable is obtained
    • B60H2001/3266—Cooling devices information from a variable is obtained related to the operation of the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H2001/3269—Cooling devices output of a control signal
    • B60H2001/327—Cooling devices output of a control signal related to a compressing unit
    • B60H2001/3275—Cooling devices output of a control signal related to a compressing unit to control the volume of a compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B2205/00—Fluid parameters
    • F04B2205/09—Flow through the pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/07—Details of compressors or related parts
    • F25B2400/076—Details of compressors or related parts having multiple cylinders driven by a rotating swash plate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/04—Refrigerant level
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/13—Mass flow of refrigerants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/19—Pressures
    • F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
    • F25B2700/1933—Suction pressures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2117—Temperatures of an evaporator
    • F25B2700/21171—Temperatures of an evaporator of the fluid cooled by the evaporator
    • F25B2700/21173—Temperatures of an evaporator of the fluid cooled by the evaporator at the outlet

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an air conditioner provided with a refrigerant circulation circuit including a variable capacity compressor mainly mounted on a vehicle such as an automobile. More specifically, the present invention relates to an air conditioner for optimizing an engine load by a compressor and stably maintaining a room temperature.
  • the present invention relates to an air conditioner capable of performing bright discharge capacity control.
  • a circulation circuit through a condenser, a decompression device (expansion valve), an evaporator, and a variable capacity compressor especially, an intake chamber, a cylinder pore, and a discharge chamber therein.
  • a refrigerant circulation circuit is configured.
  • the control valve of the variable displacement compressor detects a pressure difference between two pressure monitoring points set in the refrigerant circuit as an indicator for estimating the refrigerant discharge capacity, and detects a difference between the two points.
  • a control device provided outside the refrigerant circuit operates a mode switcher for the air-conditioning operation panel and air volume. The set differential pressure is determined or recalculated based on the switching information from the switch (used to notify the control device of a sudden change in cooling load in advance or at the same time as the change).
  • the change in the set differential pressure is commanded.
  • the discharge capacity of the compressor is controlled to maintain the stable temperature at room temperature, and the discharge capacity is changed immediately for emergency evacuation.
  • a type that can improve control accuracy and responsiveness for maintaining stable room temperature is known.
  • Such an air conditioner is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-140767.
  • the differential pressure due to the flow of the refrigerant between the two pressure monitoring points is detected by a differential pressure sensor in order to detect the refrigerant circulation amount in the refrigerant circulation circuit, and the two pressures obtained here are obtained.
  • Variable capacity focusing on the correlation between the differential pressure between monitoring points and the amount of refrigerant circulating
  • the discharge capacity of the compressor is controlled by feed pack control, but in order to stably control the discharge capacity of the compressor, it is essential to accurately detect the differential pressure. .
  • a throttle member 101 is provided between the pressure monitoring points P 1 and P 2 in the main pipe through which the refrigerant flows.
  • the two conduits that are connected to the main pipe and guide the refrigerant from the pressure monitoring points P 1 and P 2 to the differential pressure sensor 100 can be shortened.
  • the pressure loss caused by 1 reduces the efficiency of the air conditioner, and as a result, the design of the variable displacement compressor becomes complicated.
  • the two pressure monitoring points P1 and P2 A path is required to guide one of them to the variable capacity compressor, and the throttle member 101 is installed inside the variable capacity compressor and used as a force to counter the electromagnetic force of the control valve.
  • the problem of pressure loss cannot be avoided, and it is necessary to provide a differential pressure passage inside the variable capacity compressor.
  • the improvement design of the variable capacity compressor becomes complicated.
  • the technical objects of the present invention include the accuracy and responsiveness of control for stably maintaining the room temperature while being able to easily and accurately detect the refrigerant circulation amount with a simple configuration.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an air conditioner capable of further improving a basic function. Disclosure of the invention
  • an air conditioner provided with a refrigerant circulation circuit including a variable capacity compressor, a hot wire type flow detecting means for detecting a refrigerant circulation amount in the variable capacity compressor and outputting a flow rate detection signal converted into an electric signal
  • a refrigerant state detecting means for externally detecting a refrigerant circulation operation state including at least a cooling load state in the refrigerant circulation circuit and outputting a refrigerant operation state signal; a variable capacity based on the flow rate detection signal and the refrigerant operation state signal
  • a target refrigerant circulation amount in the compressor is determined, and the variable capacity compression is performed so that the flow detection signal approaches the target refrigerant circulation amount based on a result of the comparison between the flow detection signal and the target refrigerant circulation amount.
  • An air conditioner is provided which includes discharge capacity control means for performing feedback control of the discharge capacity of the air conditioner in the normal mode.
  • the refrigerant state detection means includes at least a suction pressure sensor that detects a low pressure side pressure as a refrigerant circulation operation state in the refrigerant circulation circuit and outputs a low pressure detection signal;
  • the control means determines a low pressure side pressure target value based on the low pressure detection signal, and based on a result of comparing the low pressure detection signal and the low pressure side pressure target value, the low pressure detection signal approaches the low pressure side pressure target value.
  • an air conditioner that performs feedback control so that the discharge capacity of the variable displacement compressor can be switched between the feedback control in the normal mode and the discharge capacity is obtained.
  • the air conditioner disposed between the discharge chamber of the refrigerant circulation circuit including the variable capacity compressor and the inlet of the condenser can be obtained.
  • the hot wire flow rate detecting means is configured by connecting a hot wire resistance and a thermometer resistance exposed to the flow of the refrigerant to a pair of resistances not exposed to the flow of the refrigerant.
  • a predetermined temperature is applied from the input side where the hot wire resistance and the resistance of the thermometer are located in the Wheatstone bridge circuit, and the refrigerant temperature obtained from the resistance change in the hot wire resistance and the resistance of the thermometer.
  • the temperature information output means for outputting the temperature information indicating the temperature of the thermometer is compared with a predetermined set temperature and the temperature information in the thermometer.
  • the discharge capacity control means controls the discharge capacity of the variable displacement compressor so that the refrigerant circulation amount is reduced when the temperature of the thermometer exceeds the set temperature based on the comparison result of the temperature comparison means.
  • Temperature information output means for outputting temperature information indicating the temperature of the thermometer, or temperature comparison means for comparing the temperature information of the thermometer with a predetermined set temperature.
  • the discharge capacity control means is an air conditioner that controls the discharge capacity of the variable displacement compressor so that the refrigerant circulation amount is minimized when the temperature of the thermometer exceeds the set temperature according to the comparison result of the temperature comparison means, or Thermometer Temperature information output means for outputting temperature information indicating the temperature, and the discharge capacity control means drives and controls the air flow rate of the blower fan of the condenser provided in the refrigerant circuit based on the temperature information of the thermometer. An air conditioner is obtained.
  • the heat ray resistance is obtained by spirally processing a platinum thin film on an outer peripheral surface of a cylindrical member or a columnar member having high insulation, or An air conditioner having a platinum wire spirally wound on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical member or the columnar member is obtained.
  • an air conditioner in which the heat ray resistance and the thermometer are formed by disposing a platinum thin film resistor in a predetermined pattern on a substrate member having high insulation properties is obtained.
  • the hot-wire type flow detecting means includes a pair of resistors, a control circuit, and a potential difference detecting circuit excluding the hot-wire resistance and the resistance of the thermometer in the Wheatstone bridge circuit.
  • An air conditioner built in the control valve of the variable displacement compressor can be obtained.
  • the air conditioner further includes an engine speed detection unit that is mounted on a vehicle equipped with the engine and detects an engine speed and outputs an engine speed signal.
  • An air conditioner having a refrigerant shortage detecting means for detecting a refrigerant shortage in the refrigerant circulation circuit based on the engine speed signal, the flow rate detection signal, and the refrigerant circulation amount target value is obtained.
  • the refrigerant shortage detecting means can obtain an air conditioner that detects refrigerant shortage based on at least a difference value between the flow rate detection signal and the refrigerant circulation amount target value.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the main configuration of a conventional air conditioner when one method for improving the accuracy of differential pressure detection due to refrigerant flow between two pressure monitoring points in the refrigerant circuit is applied.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the main configuration of a conventional air conditioner when one method for improving the accuracy of differential pressure detection due to refrigerant flow between two pressure monitoring points in the refrigerant circuit is applied.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the main configuration when another method for improving the accuracy of differential pressure detection by the flow of refrigerant between two pressure monitoring points in the refrigerant circuit of a conventional air conditioner is applied.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the main configuration when another method for improving the accuracy of differential pressure detection by the flow of refrigerant between two pressure monitoring points in the refrigerant circuit of a conventional air conditioner is applied.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a main configuration of an electronic control system of an air conditioner according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a detailed configuration of a hot-wire type flow detector provided in a main part of the electronic control system of the air conditioner described in FIG.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates the specific structure of the hot wire resistance provided in the hot wire flow rate detector shown in Fig. 4.
  • (a) is related to a side view of one form, partially cut away.
  • b) relates to a partially cutaway side view of another embodiment
  • Fig. 6 illustrates a simple structure of the hot wire resistance and thermometer provided in the hot wire flow detector shown in Fig. 4.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the specific structure of the hot wire resistance provided in the hot wire flow rate detector shown in Fig. 4.
  • (a) is related to a side view of one form, partially cut away.
  • b) relates to a partially cutaway side view of another embodiment
  • Fig. 6 illustrates a simple structure of the hot wire resistance and thermometer provided in the hot wire flow detector shown in Fig. 4.
  • FIG. 7 is a side cross-sectional view illustrating a basic configuration of a variable displacement compressor provided in the refrigerant circuit of the air conditioner described in FIG. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a main configuration of an electronic control system of the air conditioner according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • this air conditioner also includes a variable capacity compressor mounted on a vehicle such as an automobile and a refrigerant circulation system including a condenser, a pressure reducing device (expansion valve), and an evaporator (not shown). It comprises a circuit.
  • Electronic control here The main part of the system is an external information detecting means for sending the result of detecting various external information to the control device 70, and a control of a variable capacity compressor described later based on various external information from the external information detecting means.
  • a control device 70 responsible for overall air conditioning control by calculating and outputting an appropriate duty ratio Dt of a drive signal output from the drive circuit 80 to the coil through the valve 43, and a control valve based on commands from the control device 70. And a drive circuit 80 that outputs a drive signal under duty control to the 43 coils.
  • the external information detecting means is a hot wire type flow rate detector 72 as a hot wire type flow rate detecting means for detecting a refrigerant circulation amount in the variable capacity compressor and outputting a flow rate detection signal converted into an electric signal, and A refrigerant state detector 71 as refrigerant state detecting means for detecting a refrigerant circulation operation state including at least a cooling load state in the refrigerant circulation circuit and outputting a refrigerant operation state signal, and ONZOFF of an air conditioner operated by a vehicle occupant.
  • An AZC switch 73 that outputs setting information, a temperature setter 74 that is operated by a vehicle occupant and outputs a set temperature Te (set) indicating desired temperature setting information of the air conditioner, and an evaporator in the refrigerant circuit
  • a temperature sensor 75 that is provided near the air blowing side and detects the temperature Te (t) of the blowing air cooled by passing through the evaporator and outputs it as room temperature information
  • a vehicle speed sensor 76 that detects and outputs the speed V, an engine speed sensor 77 that detects and outputs the engine speed NE, and an opening (or angle) of a throttle valve provided in the intake pipe of the engine are detected.
  • Engine control which is an electronic control unit that is connected to a throttle sensor (accelerator opening sensor) 78 that outputs the accelerator opening Ac (t) information as well as sends information on the operating status of these vehicles.
  • a unit (ECU) 79 is provided.
  • the control device 70 is a control unit similar to a computer having at least a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, a timer, and an IZO.
  • a drive circuit 80 is connected to an output terminal of the I / O, and an input terminal of the IZO.
  • the components of the above-mentioned external information detecting means namely, the refrigerant state detector 71, the hot wire type flow detector 72, the 8 / (switch 73, the temperature setting device 74, the temperature sensor 75, and the engine control unit (ECU) 79
  • the control device 70 determines the current situation based on various types of external information provided from the external information detecting means, and then determines whether the drive circuit 80 outputs a drive signal to the coil of the control valve 43.
  • the output of the drive signal at Dt is commanded to the drive circuit 80.
  • the control device 70 functions as a set differential pressure determining means, and the control device 70, the drive circuit 80, and the control valve 43 cooperate with each other to transmit the signal from the hot-wire type flow detector 72.
  • Flow rate detection signal and refrigerant state detector 7 A refrigerant flow rate target value for the variable capacity compressor is determined based on various types of external information that characteristically includes one refrigerant operation state signal.
  • the discharge capacity control means is configured to perform feedback control of the discharge capacity of the variable displacement compressor in the normal mode so that the flow rate detection signal approaches the refrigerant circulation rate target value based on the result of the comparison of the quantity target values.
  • the discharge capacity control means here is different from the one disclosed in FIG. 4 of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-140767 in that the external information detection means uses a hot wire flow rate as various kinds of external information.
  • Temperature information (indicated by the Rc resistance value, which is the resistance Rc of the thermometer) from the Rc resistance value detector 81, which is the temperature information output means provided in the system, is newly added. ing.
  • the amount of circulating refrigerant can be detected more accurately and accurately, and the basic functions including control accuracy and responsiveness for maintaining stable room temperature can be remarkably improved. It is also possible to control the displacement to extend the life of the variable displacement compressor.
  • the above-mentioned refrigerant state detector 71 is configured to include a suction pressure sensor that detects a low pressure side pressure and outputs a low pressure detection signal as a refrigerant circulation operation state in the refrigerant circulation circuit, and the discharge capacity control means detects the low pressure.
  • the low pressure side pressure target value is determined based on the signal, and based on the result of the comparison between the low pressure detection signal and the low pressure side pressure target value, the variable displacement compressor is operated so that the low pressure detection signal approaches the low pressure side pressure target value.
  • the discharge capacity may be controlled so as to be switchable between the feedback control in the normal mode and the feedback control in the normal mode at a predetermined pressure or flow rate set by the control device 70. Control and air conditioning control are further improved.
  • this discharge capacity control means the flow rate detection mainly from the hot wire flow rate detector 72 is performed. If a function to switch between feedback control in normal mode based on output information and feedback control based on refrigerant low-pressure detection information from refrigerant state detector ⁇ 1 is built, optimal control that draws out the advantages of each control This makes it possible to harmonize the comfort of air conditioning with the reduction of engine load on a high level. Especially in the low load range, feedback control on the low pressure side is performed to prevent the formation of frost on the evaporator.In the high load range, the engine load is large and the engine load can be reliably reduced during sudden acceleration, etc. It is preferable that the feedback control is performed.
  • this discharge capacity control means the temperature information of the thermometer (obtained as the Rc resistance value) mainly from the Rc resistance value detector 81 and the set temperature previously determined in the storage device or the like are used. The temperature is compared by the temperature comparing means provided in the control device 70, and based on the comparison result, when the temperature of the thermometer exceeds the set temperature, the refrigerant circulation amount is reduced or minimized so that the refrigerant circulation amount decreases.
  • the life of the variable capacity compressor can be extended without impairing the function of the air conditioner.
  • the discharge capacity control means is used to determine the amount of air blown by the fan (condenser fan 83) of the condenser provided in the refrigerant circulation circuit. If the drive control is performed via 2, the condenser can be controlled without using a pressure switch or a pressure sensor as in the related art.
  • FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a detailed configuration of a hot-wire type flow detector 72 provided in a main part of an electronic control system of the air conditioner.
  • the hot-wire type flow detector 72 is disposed in a refrigerant circulation circuit including a variable displacement compressor, preferably between the discharge chamber 41 and an inlet of a condenser (not shown), and is exposed to the flow of the refrigerant.
  • a predetermined voltage V is applied from the input side where the hot wire resistance R s and the thermometer resistance R c are located, and the refrigerant temperature difference obtained from the change in the resistance value of the hot wire resistance R s and the thermometer resistance R c is constant.
  • Heat wire resistance A control circuit 72a that controls the current I flowing in R s, and a grounded output side where the pair of resistors R 1 and R 2 in the Wheatstone bridge circuit are located and the hot wire resistance R s And a pair of resistors: one of R l and R 2 (R 2) It is configured by a potential difference detection circuit 7 2 b which it detects an output potential difference to obtain a flow rate detection signal in a while. Both ends of the resistance Rc and the resistance R1 of the thermometer are connected to the Rc resistance detector 81, and the voltage VRC across the resistance Rc of the thermometer is connected to the Rc resistance detector 81.
  • R 1 is a known constant and that R c is determined in advance by correlation with temperature.
  • Hot wire resistance placed in the flow of the refrigerant is given by: where, are constants and G is the weight (mass) of the refrigerant. + / 3 (G) 1/2 holds.
  • the applied voltage for the hot wire resistance R s is V
  • the supply current is I
  • the cross-sectional area is A
  • the temperature is Th
  • the coolant temperature is Is Ta
  • V-1 ⁇ + ⁇ (G) 1/2 ⁇ -A-(Th-Ta) holds.
  • the temperature difference (Th-Ta) is detected as a resistance value change in the hot wire resistance R s and the resistance R c of the thermometer by forming a Wheatstone bridge circuit, and the temperature difference (Th ⁇ Ta) is detected.
  • the refrigerant circulating amount can be extracted as an electric signal (flow rate detection signal) without the necessity of correcting the density, pressure, and temperature of the refrigerant.
  • the flow rate detection signal is sent to the above-described controller 70 as one of various types of external information, and the controller 70 sets a refrigerant circulation amount target value based on the various types of external information, and compares the target value with the flow rate detection signal.
  • the drive signal to the control valve 43 of the variable displacement compressor is controlled so that the flow rate detection signal approaches the refrigerant circulating amount target value based on the following equation.
  • the passage between the discharge chamber and the crank chamber in the variable displacement compressor is narrowed by increasing the current flowing into the coil, or by closing and lowering the crank chamber pressure P c to increase the inclination angle of the swash plate, thereby circulating the refrigerant.
  • the hot wire flow rate detector 7 A refrigerant shortage detecting means (not shown) for detecting a refrigerant shortage in the refrigerant circuit based on the flow rate detection signal from the second and the refrigerant circulation amount target value obtained by the controller 70; If the refrigerant shortage is detected based on at least the difference between the flow rate detection signal and the refrigerant circulation amount target value, the occurrence of refrigerant leakage can be predicted, and the variable capacity generated when the refrigerant is insufficient It is more preferable because measures can be taken to prevent burnout of the compressor.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a specific structure of the hot-wire resistance Rc provided in the hot-wire flow detector 72 described above.
  • FIG. The figure (b) relates to a side view of another embodiment, partially cut away.
  • a platinum thin film 91 is spirally formed on the outer peripheral surface of a cylindrical member 90 (or may be a cylindrical member) having high insulation.
  • the structure is such that the vicinity of the connection portion between the conductor portions at both ends to which the lead wires 93 are connected is fixed with a conductive adhesive 92.
  • a platinum wire 94 is spirally wound on the outer peripheral surface of a cylindrical member 90 (or may be a cylindrical member) having similar insulating properties.
  • a structure in which the vicinity of the connection portion between the conductor portions at both ends to which the lead wires 93 are connected is fixed with a conductive adhesive 92.
  • FIG. 6 is a plan view illustrating a simple structure of the hot wire resistance Rc and the thermometer provided in the hot wire flow rate detector 72 described above.
  • the heat ray resistance Rc and the thermometer can be integrally provided on the insulating substrate 95, the sensor can be manufactured by miniaturizing the sensor and mounting is simplified. .
  • thermometer By the way, if such a hot wire resistance Rc and a thermometer are installed on the discharge side of a variable displacement compressor, it becomes possible to measure the temperature of the refrigerant gas discharged by the thermometer, which significantly impairs the life of the variable displacement compressor. Control the discharge capacity so that it does not exceed the temperature. (If the temperature of the thermometer exceeds the set temperature by the result of comparison between the temperature information of the thermometer and the set temperature by the discharge capacity control means described above, the refrigerant circulation amount The function of controlling the discharge capacity of the variable displacement compressor so as to decrease the amount is shown), thereby prolonging the service life.
  • the compressor is protected if the discharge capacity of the variable displacement compressor is kept to a minimum by the temperature switch.
  • the compressor cannot perform the work of compression until the ambient temperature of the temperature switch reaches the set temperature or less, and during this time the basic functions of the air conditioner will be significantly impaired. It will be connected.
  • the discharge capacity is controlled so that the refrigerant circulation amount decreases when the temperature of the thermometer exceeds the set temperature as in the case of the present invention, the variable capacity without impairing the basic function of the air conditioner The life of the compressor is prolonged.
  • FIG. 7 is a side cross-sectional view illustrating a basic configuration of the variable displacement compressor 1 provided in the refrigerant circuit of the air conditioner.
  • the variable displacement compressor 1 is of a swash plate type.
  • the internal mechanism is housed in a cylinder block 24 and a front housing 23, and a power transmission mechanism (pulley 4) having a pulley 4 attached to a front housing 23 is provided.
  • the inner ring of the ball bearing 3 is fixed, and the cylinder block 24 is provided with several cylinders 24a.
  • a piston 25 is inserted into the cylinder 24a so as to be able to reciprocate.
  • the left and right sides of the rotating shaft 2 are supported by a radial bearing 26 installed on the front housing 23 and a radial bearing 27 installed on the cylinder block 24.
  • a rotor 28 is fixed to the rotating shaft 2, and a swash plate support 29 is passed through the swash plate support 29 so as to be tiltable within a predetermined angle range, and a track provided on the arm 28 a of the rotor 28.
  • a pin 29b provided on an arm 29a of the swash plate support 29 is movably inserted into the hole 28b.
  • a compression coil spring 30 is wound around the rotating shaft 2 between the mouth 28 and the swash plate support 29.
  • a swash plate 31 is fixed to the swash plate support 29, and a sliding shoe 32 is provided between each piston 25 and both the front and back surfaces of the swash plate 31.
  • a thrust bearing 22 is provided between the rotor 28 and the front housing 23 to receive a left thrust applied to the mouth 28.
  • a discharge chamber 41 located in the center area and a suction chamber 42 surrounding the discharge chamber 41 are formed, and suction is performed corresponding to the pores of each cylinder 24a.
  • a rear housing 40 having a port, a suction valve for opening / closing the port, a discharge port and a valve forming body formed with a discharge valve for opening / closing the port is attached, and a discharge chamber 41 and a crank in a rear housing 40 are further provided.
  • a control valve 43 for adjusting the pressure of the crank chamber 21 is provided between the chambers 21 via an air supply passage.
  • variable displacement compressor 1 when the pulley 4 of the power transmission mechanism rotates, the rotating shaft 2 rotates to rotate the mouth 28, the swash plate support 29, the swash plate 31, and each sliding shoe 3.
  • Each piston 25 is reciprocated right and left through 2. The stroke of each piston 25 changes depending on the angle of inclination of the swash plate 31, thereby controlling the gas compression capacity. You. At this time, the refrigerant gas led to the suction chamber 42 from the outlet of the evaporator provided in the refrigerant circulation circuit of the air conditioner initially maintains the predetermined suction chamber pressure Ps and goes to each piston 25.
  • the fluid is sucked into the port of each cylinder 24a through the suction port and the suction valve by the movement, and is compressed to a predetermined pressure by the backward movement of each piston 25, and then discharged through the discharge port and the discharge valve. It is discharged to the chamber 41 and changes to the discharge chamber pressure Pd.
  • the air conditioner here has a higher flow rate detection accuracy than that of the configuration disclosed in FIG. 4 of JP-A-2001-140767, and a refrigerant.
  • the operation state is also monitored in detail, and the control device 70 is controlled by the control valve 43 through the drive circuit 80.
  • the pressure is properly controlled through the air supply passage by the control valve 43. Pc can be further fine-tuned.
  • the hot wire type flow detector 72 is provided with a refrigerant circulation circuit including the variable capacity compressor 1, preferably from the discharge chamber 41 to the inlet of a condenser (not shown).
  • the hot wire flow rate detector 72 has a hot wire resistance R s and a thermometer resistance R c in the Wheatstone bridge circuit in the detailed configuration described in FIG. 4.
  • the pair of resistors R 1 and R 2, the control circuit 72 a, and the potential difference detection circuit 72 b except for the pair may be configured to be incorporated in the control valve 43 of the variable displacement compressor 1.
  • the main part of the electronic control system including the control device that controls the air conditioning in the conventional air conditioner is improved, and the external information detection means uses the hot wire flow rate as various external information.
  • Flow rate detection information from the detection means, refrigerant operation state information from the refrigerant state detection means, and temperature information indicating the temperature of the thermometer from the temperature information output means provided in the hot wire type flow detection means are newly added. As a result, the amount of circulating refrigerant can be detected more accurately and more accurately.
  • variable displacement compressor 1 pressure control via a supply passage by a control valve 43 of a variable displacement compressor 1 provided in a refrigerant circulation circuit that is driven and controlled by a control device 70 related to a discharge displacement control means through a drive circuit 80 is performed. It will be performed properly. Furthermore, the discharge capacity of the variable displacement compressor 1 is controlled so as not to exceed the temperature at which the life of the variable displacement compressor 1 is not impaired without impairing the air-conditioning function.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

Ce climatiseur, de construction simple, qui est capable de détecter précisément, sûrement et facilement le volume de réfrigérant en circulation, est doté de fonctions de base améliorées en matière de précision de commande et de sensibilité, ce qui permet de stabiliser la température ambiante. Les parties principales d'un système de commande électronique, comportant l'unité de commande de la climatisation d'un appareil classique, ont été améliorées. On a ajouté aux moyens de détection d'informations extérieures des informations de détection de flux, fournies par un détecteur par conductibilité thermique (72), des informations d'état de fonctionnement de réfrigérant fournies par un détecteur à cet effet (71) et des informations relatives à la température fournies par un détecteur de valeur de résistance Rc, ce qui permet de détecter précisément et sûrement le volume de réfrigérant en circulation. Ce climatiseur permet de commander avec efficacité la pression, à travers des conduits d'alimentation en air ainsi que la pression Pc du carter, grâce à une soupape de régulation (43) d'un compresseur à cylindrée variable placé dans le circuit de circulation du réfrigérant commandé par un dispositif de commande (70), au moyen d'un circuit d'entraînement 80(formant un dispositif de régulation de la capacité de décharge). Les fonctions de base, en l'occurrence de commande de charge et de commande de la climatisation d'un moteur, peuvent, de ce fait, être remarquablement améliorées.
PCT/JP2003/005951 2002-05-15 2003-05-13 Climatiseur WO2003098127A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03723347A EP1505356B1 (fr) 2002-05-15 2003-05-13 Climatiseur
DE60319692T DE60319692T2 (de) 2002-05-15 2003-05-13 Klimaanlage
AU2003235246A AU2003235246A1 (en) 2002-05-15 2003-05-13 Air conditioner
US10/989,079 US6990823B2 (en) 2002-05-15 2004-11-15 Air conditioner

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

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JP2002139734 2002-05-15
JP2002-139734 2002-05-15
JP2003-40764 2003-02-19
JP2003040764A JP4271459B2 (ja) 2002-05-15 2003-02-19 空調装置

Related Child Applications (1)

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US10/989,079 Continuation US6990823B2 (en) 2002-05-15 2004-11-15 Air conditioner

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WO2003098127A1 true WO2003098127A1 (fr) 2003-11-27

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EP (1) EP1505356B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4271459B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN1303377C (fr)
AU (1) AU2003235246A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE60319692T2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003098127A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2003235246A1 (en) 2003-12-02
US20050066676A1 (en) 2005-03-31
DE60319692T2 (de) 2009-03-26
EP1505356A4 (fr) 2006-08-30
CN1303377C (zh) 2007-03-07
JP4271459B2 (ja) 2009-06-03
JP2004044575A (ja) 2004-02-12
EP1505356B1 (fr) 2008-03-12
DE60319692D1 (de) 2008-04-24
CN1653303A (zh) 2005-08-10
EP1505356A1 (fr) 2005-02-09
US6990823B2 (en) 2006-01-31

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