Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
  • E01B31/00—Working rails, sleepers, baseplates, or the like, in or on the line; Machines, tools, or auxiliary devices specially designed therefor
  • E01B31/02—Working rail or other metal track components on the spot
  • E01B31/12—Removing metal from rails, rail joints, or baseplates, e.g. for deburring welds, reconditioning worn rails
  • E01B31/17—Removing metal from rails, rail joints, or baseplates, e.g. for deburring welds, reconditioning worn rails by grinding

Definitions

• the invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1.
• Devices of this type are intended for machining rail profiles in the connection region of two rail ends which are connected to one another by aluminothermic welding, the functional surfaces of the rail head in particular having to be reworked.
• Another area of application is, for example, the processing of build-up welding on rail profiles.
• machining is aimed at a rail profile which continuously adjoins the rest of the rail profile in the area of the functional surfaces, no misalignment being allowed to occur in the area of the welding machining surfaces in accordance with permissible tolerances.
• Such a device is known for example from the brochure "rail profile grinding machine” of the Societe Turripinoise de Mecanique, 38110 La Tour du Pin, France.
• This consists of a cross member, which is supported at both ends on rollers that are intended to be placed on the rail profile to be machined.
• the cross member carries a grinding device, the grinding head of which is arranged by means of a threaded spindle almost perpendicular to the cross member or in the direction of the rail profile to be machined.
• a drive motor is attached to the cross member, which is in operative connection with the grinding wheel shaft of the grinding head, the grinding wheel being designed as a cup wheel.
• the device can be pivoted around the head around the longitudinal axis of the rails, starting from a position initially standing vertically on the rails to be machined, around the head - to machine the flanks of the rail head.
• the frame part acts as a bracket for the respective user.
• the device In the latter pivoted position, the device is held on the rails to be machined in that the rollers are provided with wheel flanges on both sides, the required grinding pressure being provided by the weight of the pivoted device. All forces resulting from the grinding process are transmitted directly to the cross member in this device.
• a unit comprising a drive motor and a grinding device is accommodated in the lower crossmember mentioned and can be delivered as a whole in the direction of the rail profile to be machined.
• the cross member is connected to a U-shaped frame part, an extension device extending in the plane which can be defined by the cross member and the frame part, or parallel to this, which is operatively connected to the above-mentioned structural unit and on the one hand to the cross member and on the other hand is mounted on the U-shaped frame part and by means of which the said structural unit can be fixed in a selectable infeed position relative to the rail profile to be machined.
• a cylindrical guide body can be used to guide the structural unit within the cross member, which enables precise guidance relative to the cross member and the rail profile to be machined. All forces and moments resulting from the infeed movement and the grinding process are transferred to the frame via the infeed device. In addition to exact guidance, this also enables a constructive embodiment which is suitable for the stress. This also applies to the pivoted position of the device, which is required for machining the rail head flanks. Overall, a device is thus available which has a high degree of rigidity in terms of construction and is therefore suitable for machining rail profiles in accordance with the increased accuracy requirements mentioned at the outset for high-speed rail traffic.
• the delivery device is designed according to the features of claim 2 as a threaded spindle, which is used to guide a spindle nut, which is connected via a bracket or a carrier part to said assembly.
• the threaded spindle extends parallel to the longitudinal axis of the assembly, in particular to the drive shaft of the grinding head, so that a corresponding movement of the assembly can be provided by moving the spindle nut along the spindle shaft.
• the fixed bearing of the threaded spindle is according to the invention at the lower end, thus on the cross member. Since there is thus only the floating bearing on the remaining frame part, the stress on this frame part can consequently be kept low.
• claims 3 and 4 are directed to measures which enable a smooth feed movement, in particular with a gimbal-mounted spindle nut in the bracket mentioned, to a certain extent, parallelism deviations between the axes of the threaded spindle on the one hand and the grinding shaft on the other hand can be tolerated.
• a relief spring which is designed either as a tension spring or as a compression spring.
• a relief spring can at one end to the cross member or said frame part and at its other end the spindle nut or attached to a functional part moving with it. This self-weight compensation also makes a contribution to the smooth movement of infeed movements.
• rollers connected to the frame of the device according to the invention are expediently designed according to the features of claim 5 as wheel assemblies which are detachably connected to the frame in a simple manner. This enables the device to be easily adapted to different rail profiles.
• a further U-shaped frame part is provided, which is connected at its free ends in the region of the ends of the cross member, the angular position of the plane in which this frame part extends relative to the plane which the first-mentioned frame part includes cross beam, is adjustable. This enables comfortable working with the device when it is used to machine the rail head flanks. This has the advantage that the angular position can be adapted, in particular in these cases, with a view to a comfortable holding of the device by the respective user.
• the device according to the invention is equipped with a measuring device which consists at least of a measuring unit and a measuring head.
• the measuring device is used to measure the surfaces of the rail profile to be machined, in particular the functional surfaces of the rail head.
• the measurement result obtained by the measuring unit is at least displayed, and storage can also be provided.
• the measuring principle installed in the scope of the measuring device is selected in such a way that a measuring accuracy is achieved which meets the accuracy requirements that apply to the machining of rail profiles.
• Different measuring principles can be used within the scope of the measuring head. So it can be a matter of contactless measuring principles on an inductive, capacitive or optical basis, in particular on a laser basis. In principle, however, touching measuring principles are also considered, in which the processed functional surfaces are scanned, for example, with a roller whose movement is evaluated perpendicular to the functional surfaces.
• the measuring device can further comprise a distance measuring device which is designed and set up for measuring movements of the device along the rail ends connected to one another by welding.
• a distance measuring device which is designed and set up for measuring movements of the device along the rail ends connected to one another by welding.
• two series of measured values are available for the evaluation of the work result of the device, namely a series of measured values describing the profile perpendicular to the respective functional area and distance measured values in the longitudinal direction of the named functional area, so that a profile via a summary, in particular assignment of the values of these two series of measured values the functional surface can be displayed in the longitudinal direction of the rail connection, namely in connection with a correspondingly configured display of the measuring unit, which can be, for example, an LED display.
• claims 13 to 16 are directed to the further design and arrangement of the measuring head and the distance measuring device.
• the measuring head is arranged inside a protective housing, which is closed on the underside by a folding mechanism, this mechanism being able to be moved between an open and a closed position.
• the protective housing is then moved when processing, in particular rough processing, takes place by means of the device according to the invention, the measuring head is thus protected from any thermal and mechanical influences which may be attributable to the grinding process and are possibly damaged.
• the folding mechanism can, for example, be operated manually using a Bowden cable. Other actuation options, including motorized, are equally possible.
• Both the measuring head and the distance measuring device are set up to form electrical signals on the output side, each representing distance measured values and these can be present, for example, in analog form as voltage or current values. However, both the measuring head and the distance measuring device can equally be set up for the direct generation of digital values. In any case, these measured values are sent to the measuring unit.
• the measuring unit is set up for the visual two-dimensional representation of the measured values determined. It is therefore provided with a display which represents the measurement result of the machining carried out in a very simple form, namely in accordance with an immediate assignment of the machining state at defined points along the rail ends connected by welding. Further processing options for the measured value obtained are possible, for example, in the form of storing the profiles determined in this way, in dating and in particular logging the work result on a suitable data carrier.
• Figure 1 is a perspective view of the device according to the invention.
• FIG. 2 shows a side view of the device according to the invention
• Fig. 3 is an end view of the device according to a viewing direction III of Fig. 2;
• Fig. 4 is a plan view of the device according to a viewing direction IV of Fig. 2;
• FIG. 5 is a partial perspective view of the measuring unit used in the device.
• FIG. 6 shows a partial view of the distance measuring device used in the device in a side view
• FIG. 7 is a plan view of the distance measuring device corresponding to a viewing direction VII of FIG. 6.
• FIG. 8 shows an isolated illustration of the delivery device in a side view
• Fig. 9 is a partial view of the housing of the grinding head shaft in partial axial section. In the following, reference is first made to the graphic representations of FIGS. 1 to 4 and 8, 9.
• the device according to the invention consists globally of a frame 4, which is set up for receiving and guiding a grinding head 1 and is determined by means of rollers 2, 3 for placement on a rail profile and can be transported to its respective place of use by means of handles 5, 6.
• the frame part 7 with a globally U-shaped frame part is designated, the free ends of which are fixedly connected to one another by a cross beam 8 which extends from two, parallel and at a distance from one another essentially in the plane of the frame part 7.
• the frame part 7 is designed as a tubular profile, whereas the two cross members 8 are each formed by components which are concavely curved to the base side of the U-shaped frame part 7 and are globally rectangular in cross section.
• impeller assemblies 9, 10 are fastened, which in addition to the already mentioned rollers 2, 3, the axes of which are perpendicular to the plane of the frame part 7, serve to support further rollers 11, 12, the axes of which are aligned extend parallel to each other. The importance of the rollers 2, 3 and 11, 12 will be discussed below.
• the impeller assemblies 9, 10 are also connected to the free ends of a further U-shaped frame part 13, which extends perpendicular to the plane of the drawing in FIG. 2.
• a further, globally U-shaped frame part 14 is attached to this frame part 13, which extends upright in the assembly position according to FIG. 1 and at an angle to the frame part 7.
• the angular position of the frame part 13 about an axis 15 and thus also the angular position of the frame parts 7, 14 relative to one another is designed to be adjustable. This will also be discussed in more detail below.
• the grinding head 1 contains a cup wheel, not shown in the drawing, which can be driven about an axis 17 by means of an internal combustion engine 16.
• the internal combustion engine 16 forms, together with the grinding head 1, a structural unit which can be delivered uniformly in the direction of the axis 17, which will be explained in the following.
• another drive motor can also be used.
• the shaft 18 of the above-mentioned unit is mounted in a cylindrical shaft housing 19, the outer surface 20 of which at the same time forms the guide surface of the unit within the cross member 8, which here cooperates with a corresponding guide element.
• the structural unit consisting of the internal combustion engine 16 and the grinding head 1 can be delivered relative to the cross member 9 by means of a threaded spindle 21, which forms the essential element of the delivery device to be described below by way of example.
• the threaded spindle 21 is rotatably supported about its axis at its lower end 22 in the cross member 8 and at its opposite upper end 23 on the horizontal section 24 of the frame part 7. According to the invention, the lower end 22 forms the fixed bearing from these mounting points and consequently the upper end 23 forms the floating bearing.
• the rotational movement of the threaded spindle 21 is transmitted directly to the above-mentioned structural unit via a spindle nut 25, specifically via a carrier part 26.
• the spindle nut 25 is gimbal-mounted on the carrier part 26, ie the spindle nut 25 can perform swiveling movements about the mutually perpendicular axes 27, 28. This means that misalignment and angular errors between the axes of the threaded spindle 21 on the one hand and the shaft 18 on the other hand can be compensated to a certain extent, so that they too Cases a smooth delivery movement is ensured.
• the axes 27, 28 mentioned run in the direction of the horizontally corresponding carrier part 26 or perpendicular to the latter in a horizontal plane.
• a spring which surrounds the threaded spindle 21, one end of which is attached to the fastening part 30 attached to the frame part 7 and the other end of which is fastened to a part 31 movable together with the spindle nut 25 or directly to the spindle nut 25.
• the spring 29 has the meaning of a relief spring and is designed as a tension spring, which compensates for the weight of the structural unit mentioned at the outset, so that it also contributes to a smooth feed movement in this way.
• the function of the spring 29 can equally be realized by a compression spring which is arranged between the spindle nut 25 on the one hand and the bearing housing 32 on the other hand, via which the threaded spindle 21 is mounted on the cross member 8.
• the mounting plates 33 attached to the carrier part 26 serve to directly mount the drive motor, here the internal combustion engine 16 mentioned.
• the cross member 7 also serves to support a measuring unit 35.
• This measuring unit 35 forms part of the measuring device used according to the invention. It is inter alia in operative connection with a distance measuring device 36, and reference is also made below to the drawing figures 5 to 7.
• 37 designates a protective housing which contains a measuring head (not shown in the drawing) and which has a globally cuboid shape.
• the protective housing 37 is fastened to the cross member 8 in the vicinity of the grinding head 1 and the measuring head mentioned is intended and set up to measure the distance between it and a surface section of the rail profile to be machined, here the rail head, without contact.
• a laser measuring device is preferably used. In any case, such a measuring principle is used, in which the respective measured length value can be represented in a simple manner by an electrical signal.
• the underside 38 of the protective housing 37 is provided with a flap or a system of flaps which can be moved between an open and a closed position. This measure serves to protect the measuring head from mechanical and thermal damage which could otherwise occur as a result of the grinding process by means of the adjacent grinding head.
• a Bowden cable is referred to, which is on the one hand with the mentioned flap or with the flap system of the protective housing 37 and on the other hand with a manual shift lever 40, which is attached to the horizontal section 24 of the frame part 7.
• the hand lever 40 By actuating the hand lever 40, the flap system can thus be moved between an open and a closed position.
• the distance measuring device 36 consists globally of a housing 41 which is attached to the cross member 8, in the vicinity of one end region.
• a measuring roller 42 partially protrudes from the underside of the housing 41, the axis of which extends parallel to the axes of the rollers 2, 3 and the purpose of which is to roll on the surfaces to be machined by means of the device without slippage, so that from the Angle of rotation of the measuring roller a length measurement value can be derived, which describes the movement of the device along the rail ends connected by welding.
• the shaft supporting the measuring roller 42 is thus connected via a traction mechanism gear 43 to a rotary angle sensor 44 which supplies an electrical signal representing the angle of rotation on the output side.
• Both the distance measuring device 36 and the measuring head arranged inside the protective housing 37 are connected via electrical lines to the measuring unit 35, which is set up to visualize the measurement results transmitted via these lines, wherein storage can also be used for logging purposes. It is essential that the measuring unit 35 can have its own energy supply in the form of a battery.
• the evaluation of the measurement signals originating from the distance measuring device on the one hand and the above-mentioned measuring head on the other hand can be carried out in a variety of ways in accordance with the desired representation. It is essential in any case that due to the interaction of the measuring head with the distance measuring device, it is possible to assign measured values along such a region of the rail connection along which the entire device is moved. This can only be done, for example, in such a way that after defined path elements have been traversed, thus in response to a pulse generated via the rotary angle transmitter 44, a height measurement value of the rail head region just scanned is detected, and the measurement results can be visualized in the manner of a Cartesian coordinate system, both of which Axes each compare the path along the rail connection to the measured height value.
• the device according to the invention is used for finishing a rail head profile, in particular the running surfaces in the connection area of two rail ends connected by aluminothermic welding and the like. dimensions determined for the corresponding processing of surfacing.
• the aim here is a rail head profile, consisting of the running surface and the head flanks adjoining it, which continuously adjoins the other profile sections of the rails.
• the device is placed on the two rail ends welded to one another, the two running rollers 2, 3 being placed on the rail ends on both sides of the welding point for machining the running surface.
• the two rollers can have a distance of about one meter, for example.
• the frame part 7 extends perpendicular to the running surface of the rail ends.
• the rough grinding to be carried out first can be carried out without the involvement of the measuring unit 35, in that the grinding head 1 is displaced in the direction of the running surface of the rails by means of the infeed device, after which, by reciprocating the entire device along the rail ends, over the welding point Grinding takes place. In order to avoid damage to the measuring head within the protective housing 37, this is closed on the underside during this working phase.
• the head flanks of the rail profile adjoining the running surface can also be processed by pivoting the entire device, the device now being supported on the rollers 11, 12 and being held over the frame part 14.
• an infeed movement in the direction of the flank section to be machined can be achieved manually via the handwheel 34 of the infeed device.
• the angular position of the frame part 14 relative to the frame part 7 with respect to the axis 15 can be changed.
• this device develops a reaction moment, by means of which the necessary grinding pressure is provided in the area of the cup wheel of the grinding head 1 due to the existing weight.
• the grinding head 1 is withdrawn and the machined rail profile can now be measured.
• the protective housing 37 is opened on the underside by means of the manual switching lever 40, so that the measuring head located therein, preferably a laser-based measuring head, can be activated.
• the display of the measuring unit 35 is first set to a zero value, specifically from a height position measured outside the welded joint. This height position can be determined, for example, by the rollers 2, 3 being arranged on both sides of the welded connection.
• the measuring unit is preferably provided with a digital display and accordingly contains an analog-to-digital converter depending on the type of electrical signals transmitted. Depending on the measured difference compared to the mentioned zero position and in cooperation with path signals from the distance measuring device 36, this results in digitization, which corresponds to the respective position of the measuring head along the rail connection, for the unevenness of the rail relative to the mentioned zero position. The same can also be done with regard to the measurement of the head flanks in the rail connection.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)

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Cited By (5)

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Citations (5)

• 1999
  • 1999-05-06 DE DE29908064U patent/DE29908064U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1999-12-24 JP JP2000617270A patent/JP2002544413A/ja active Pending
  • 1999-12-24 WO PCT/EP1999/010364 patent/WO2000068505A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation

Patent Citations (5)

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