WO2000039614A1 - Appareil de communication optique - Google Patents
Appareil de communication optique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000039614A1 WO2000039614A1 PCT/JP1999/007177 JP9907177W WO0039614A1 WO 2000039614 A1 WO2000039614 A1 WO 2000039614A1 JP 9907177 W JP9907177 W JP 9907177W WO 0039614 A1 WO0039614 A1 WO 0039614A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- light
- wavelength
- optical fiber
- emitting element
- optical
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02033—Core or cladding made from organic material, e.g. polymeric material
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/04—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of organic materials, e.g. plastics
- G02B1/045—Light guides
- G02B1/046—Light guides characterised by the core material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/50—Transmitters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/50—Transmitters
- H04B10/501—Structural aspects
- H04B10/502—LED transmitters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/60—Receivers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2929—Bicomponent, conjugate, composite or collateral fibers or filaments [i.e., coextruded sheath-core or side-by-side type]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
- Y10T428/2938—Coating on discrete and individual rods, strands or filaments
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
- Y10T428/2964—Artificial fiber or filament
- Y10T428/2967—Synthetic resin or polymer
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an optical transmission technology using a plastic optical fiber, and more particularly to an optical transmission device aimed at improving heat resistance and long-distance transmission. .
- blue light emitting diodes and green light emitting high output light emitting diodes have been developed, and their use as light sources for optical communication is expected.
- LEDs green light emitting high output light emitting diodes
- the use of a blue light emitting element as a light source of an optical transmission device from the viewpoint of heat resistance is described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H08-116609. You.
- the optical transmission device described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 8-11609 uses a blue light emitting element as a light source, the light source itself has excellent heat resistance.
- the heat resistance of this plastic optical fiber is inferior.
- a blue light-emitting element that emits light having a short wavelength has a wide bandgap, so that the effect of temperature change on light emission characteristics is small. This results in excellent heat resistance.
- electronic transition absorption due to thermal oxidative degradation of the optical fiber occurs more prominently with light having a shorter wavelength, and the loss increases in the blue region.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Heisei 9-131853 discloses an optical transmitter / receiver for performing bidirectional communication using a single-core optical fiber, which comprises a yellow light-emitting element having an emission wavelength of 570 nm and a polymer.
- An optical transceiver using a plastic optical fiber having methyl methacrylate as a core is disclosed.
- this optical transmitter / receiver is a single-core bidirectional communication and is not intended for long-distance transmission, it has poor S / N and cannot perform long-distance optical transmission. There are seven.
- optical transmission device described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 8-1-1609 and the optical transmission / reception device described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 9-316853 all use optical fibers that are used. It was not suitable for transmission of light in the short wavelength region such as blue or yellow, so it was not suitable for long-distance transmission.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an optical transmission device using a plastic optical fiber, having good heat resistance and capable of long-distance transmission, in view of the above-described problems of the prior art. Is to do.
- a short-wavelength light-emitting element and externally using light emitted from the short-wavelength light-emitting element
- An optical transmitter that emits an optical signal corresponding to the electric signal input from the
- the core material is composed of a methacrylate polymer containing no benzene ring, the amount of sulfur atoms not bonded to the polymer in the core material is 5 ppm or less, and one end is A plastic optical fiber optically coupled to the short wavelength light emitting device;
- An optical transmission device comprising: a light receiving element optically coupled to the other end of the plastic optical fiber; and an optical receiver for emitting an output electric signal based on an output of the light receiving element.
- the amount of yellow atoms not bonded to the polymer in the core material is 3 ppm or less.
- the amount of sulfur atoms bonded to the polymer in the core material is in the range of 200 to 100 ppm.
- the short-wavelength light-emitting element has a maximum emission wavelength of 6 OO nm or less. In one embodiment of the present invention, the short-wavelength light-emitting element has a yellow light-emitting diode having a maximum light-emitting wavelength in a range of 560 to 590 nm, or a light-emitting diode having a maximum light-emitting wavelength of 490 to 550 nm. It is a green light emitting diode within the range.
- An optical transmitter that has a yellow light emitting element and emits an optical signal corresponding to an electric signal input from the outside using light emitted from the yellow light emitting element; and a methacrylate polymer whose core material does not contain a benzene ring.
- a plastic optical fiber having one end optically coupled to the yellow light emitting element; and a light receiving element optically coupled to the other end of the plastic optical fiber, and an output electric signal based on an output of the light receiving element.
- An optical receiver comprising: an optical receiver that emits light through the plastic optical fiber in one direction only.
- the amount of sulfur atoms not bonded to the polymer in the core material is 5 ppm or less, preferably 3 ppm or less.
- the yellow light-emitting element is a light-emitting diode having a maximum emission wavelength within a range of 560 to 590 nm, a full width at half maximum of 40 nm or less, and a total emission light amount of 0 dBm or more, and
- the optical fiber has a transmission loss of 0.1 dBZm or less at a wavelength of 560 to 590 nm, the connection loss between the yellow light emitting element and the plastic optical fiber is 10 dB or less, and the optical receiver has a wavelength of The minimum receiving sensitivity is -25 dBm or less at 560 to 590 nm.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an embodiment of an optical transmission device according to the present invention.
- Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the wavelength dependence of the transmission loss of a plastic optical fiber.
- Figure 3 is a diagram showing the wavelength dependence of the transmission loss of the plastic optical fiber before and after the heat test.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the temperature characteristics of the transmission level.
- an optical transmitter is connected to one end of the plastic optical fiber, and an optical receiver is connected to the other end.
- Light emitted from the optical transmitter propagates through the plastic optical fiber and travels to the optical receiver.
- a short-wavelength light-emitting element included in an optical transmitter is shorter than a red light-emitting element (a maximum light emission wavelength of 640 to 670 nm) which is a light source used in a conventional plastic optical fiber transmission device. It is a light-emitting element with a maximum emission wavelength.
- a light-emitting element having a maximum emission wavelength of 600 nm or less for example, a yellow light-emitting element having a maximum emission wavelength of 560 to 590 nm and a green light-emitting element having a maximum emission wavelength of 490 to 550 nm can be used.
- the maximum emission wavelength of the short wavelength light emitting element is, for example, 400 nm or more.
- the short-wavelength light emitting device examples include a GaN-based or ZnSe-based semiconductor laser and a light emitting diode (LED) as a green light-emitting device.
- examples of the yellow light emitting element include an InGaN-based or InGaAlP-based semiconductor laser and an LED.
- GaN-based green light-emitting or InGaN-based yellow light-emitting LEDs are particularly preferable because of their large light emission. In order to reduce the full width at half maximum of the wavelength of the short wavelength light emitting LED, it is preferable to use an LED having a quantum well structure.
- a short-wavelength light-emitting element such as a yellow light-emitting element having a full width at half maximum of 40 nm or less and a total emission light of 0 dBm or more.
- a LED having a single quantum well structure In order to reduce the full width at half maximum of the short wavelength light emitting LED such as a yellow light emitting LED, it is preferable to use a LED having a single quantum well structure.
- the optical transmitter may have a known structure.
- the short-wavelength light-emitting element a driving circuit for the short-wavelength light-emitting element, and the driving circuit for modulating an externally input electric signal. It can be composed of a modulation circuit or the like to be supplied to the device.
- the plastic optical fiber a known optical fiber having a core portion through which propagating light mainly passes can be used.
- a step having a core-sheath structure in which the refractive index changes abruptly at the interface can be used.
- An index type or a graded index type in which the refractive index of the core continuously decreases from the center toward the outer periphery can be used.
- a multi-core plastic optical fiber in which a plurality of cores are integrated while being separated from each other by a marine material is preferably used.
- a plastic optical fiber or the like which has a core portion in which (co) polymers having different refractive indices are coaxially laminated in a multilayer, and in which the refractive index decreases stepwise from the center toward the outer periphery.
- a plastic optical fiber can be obtained by a known method, and for example, can be manufactured by using a melt composite spinning method.
- the emission wavelength range of the short-wavelength light-emitting element (when using a yellow light-emitting element as a short-wavelength light-emitting element, the wavelength of 560 nm or more (O nm or less) It is preferable to use a plastic optical fiber having a transmission loss of 0.1 dB Zm or less.
- a methacrylate polymer containing no benzene ring is used as the core material, which is the material of the core.
- An optical fiber using a methacrylate polymer containing no benzene ring as the core material has particularly excellent transmission characteristics for light from short-wavelength light-emitting elements such as a yellow light-emitting element and a green light-emitting element used in the optical transmission device of the present invention. I have.
- a methyl acrylate polymer a polymethyl methacrylate polymer is preferably used.
- the polymethyl methacrylate-based polymer it is preferable to use a polymer containing 60% by weight or more of methyl methacrylate, and it is more preferable to use a polymer containing 80% by weight or more.
- the monomer to be copolymerized with methyl methacrylate fluorinated alkyl methacrylate is preferable, and 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl methacrylate is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of realizing a low-loss optical fiber.
- each layer of the core portion is made of methyl methacrylate having a different copolymer composition ratio and 2,2. It is preferable to use a (co) polymer with 2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl methacrylate because high-speed signals can be transmitted over a long distance.
- the molecular weight of the polymer is adjusted in order to adjust the viscosity at the time of melting during shaping as an optical fiber and to prevent the scattering factor from increasing due to structure formation during shaping. It is preferable to use a mercaptan-based chain transfer agent for adjustment.
- chain transfer agents the sulfur component bonded to the polymer by the chain transfer reaction does not increase the light absorption loss when heated or the scattering loss when humidified, but rather the heat resistance of the optical fiber. Increase degradability.
- the content of the sulfur atom bonded to the polymer in the core material is preferably at least 200 ppm, more preferably at least 400 ppm. If the content of sulfur atoms bonded to the polymer is too small, the thermal decomposition resistance of the core material may be insufficient or the melt viscosity may be too high, which may make it difficult to shape the optical fiber. is there. Also, the melt viscosity of the core material becomes too low In order to prevent difficulties in shaping the rubber, the content of sulfur atoms bonded to the polymer is preferably at most 1,000 ppm, more preferably at most 800 ppm. .
- the polymer for the core material examples include the content of unreacted mercaptan and sulfur atoms not bonded to the polymer such as disulfide compounds formed by the reaction of the mercaptan (hereinafter, simply referred to as “residual sulfur amount” as appropriate). It is preferable to use one having a small amount of sulfur, more preferably 5 ppm or less, more preferably 3 ppm or less, particularly preferably 1 ppm or less, of the sulfur atom not bonded to the polymer. If a large amount of sulfur atoms not bonded to the polymer are present in the core material, coloring occurs due to the thermal history of the core material, for example, when spinning is performed. Absorption loss may be large in a wavelength range of 600 nm or less, such as a wavelength range, and the heat resistance of the optical fiber in this wavelength range may be deteriorated.
- a reaction mixture obtained by partially polymerizing a monomer as a raw material is used, for example, by using a vent-type extruder described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-17555. Can be obtained by devolatilization under appropriate conditions.
- the reaction mixture containing the polymer preferably in a proportion of 30 to 70% by weight, is heated to 170 ° C. or more in advance and then extruded through a narrow gap such as a pore or a slit.
- Most of the volatiles are sprayed directly to the screw in the supply section of the machine, separated and recovered in the first vent section under a pressure of 500 Torr or less, and the remaining volatile substances are further downstream of the first vent section.
- a temperature of 200 ° C. to 270 ° C. preferably 230 ° C. to 270 ° C. and a pressure of 50 Torr or less at the second vent provided.
- a third vent may be provided at 230 ° C. to 270 ° C. under a pressure of 50 T 0 rr or less to remove volatiles.
- the volatiles include unreacted monomers, dimers, unreacted mercaptan and the like.
- the supply amount of the reaction mixture and the vent extruder in order to reduce the content of the sulfur component not bound to the polymer to 5 ppm or less.
- the relationship with the size is
- mercaptan having a relatively high vapor pressure when producing a polymer for a core material it is preferable to use n-butyl mercaptan, t-butyl mercaptan, etc., with 3 to 3 carbon atoms. Six alkyl mercaptans are preferred. In order to reduce the amount of mercaptan used, it is particularly preferable to use n-butyl mercaptan having a large chain transfer constant.
- Figure 2 shows the transmission loss of a plastic optical fiber using a polymethyl methacrylate polymer as a core, with the amount of residual sulfur not bound to the polymethyl methacrylate polymer in the core as a parameter. The results of the measurement of the wavelength dependence of are shown.
- FIG. 3 shows the measurement results of the wavelength dependence of the transmission loss before and after the heat resistance test at 65 ° C for 100 hours using the residual sulfur amount as a parameter.
- FIG. 3 shows the measurement results of a plastic optical fiber having a residual sulfur content of 3.4 ppm in the core material and a plastic optical fiber having a residual sulfur content of 14 ppm.
- the broken lines are the measurement results before the heat resistance test, and the solid lines are the measurement results after the heat resistance test.
- the amount of residual sulfur in the core material of the plastic optical fiber has little effect on transmission loss.
- transmission loss can be significantly reduced by reducing the amount of residual sulfur in the core material.
- the amount of residual sulfur in the core material of the plastic optical fiber is the heat resistance (increase in the transmission loss of the plastic optical fiber after the heat test). Has almost no effect.
- the heat resistance can be remarkably improved by reducing the amount of residual sulfur in the core material. That is, a monomer-containing polymer containing no benzene ring, especially a polymer
- a monomer-containing polymer containing no benzene ring especially a polymer
- a short-wavelength light-emitting element such as green or yellow is used as a light-emitting element of an optical transmitter, and a plastic is used.
- the conventional plastic optical fiber can be used.
- the effect of preventing the coloring of the core material due to the thermal oxidation deterioration of sulfur atoms that do not bond to the polymer in the short wavelength region, which has been regarded as a problem, and improving the heat resistance it also has the effect of enabling long-distance transmission. Obtainable.
- polymethyl methacrylate-based polymer of the core material those having a molecular terminal structure derived from a radical initiator having a structure represented by the following chemical formula (1) are preferable:
- n is an integer greater than or equal to 1
- the molecular terminal structure is the same as the structure of the methyl methacrylate monomer, and is not affected by light absorption or light scattering caused by the heterogeneous molecular structure of the radical initiator. Especially excellent.
- an SMA type [IEC 60874-2 (Sectionals pe cificationforfibreopt icco nector—Ty pe F— SM A)] or F07 [JISC 5976 (F07 type 2-core optical fiber connector)].
- a short-wavelength light-emitting element such as a yellow light-emitting element must be used. It is preferable to reduce the connection loss with the plastic optical fiber.
- Such a low connection loss can reduce the light emitting area of a short wavelength light emitting device such as a yellow light emitting device, or reduce the numerical aperture (NA) of light incident on an optical fiber by using a lens (for example, by using a light emitting device). This can be achieved by controlling the NA of the fiber (for example, 0.5 or less).
- a light receiving diode having sensitivity in a short wavelength region can be used.
- a light receiving diode for example, a silicon pin photodiode can be used.
- the optical receiver may have a known structure.
- the light receiving element an amplifier circuit for processing an output signal from the light receiving element and obtaining an electric signal to be output to the outside, an identification circuit, and a demodulation circuit And so on.
- the connector used for optical coupling between the other end face of the plastic optical fiber and the light receiving element is a connector used for optical coupling between the short wavelength light emitting element such as the yellow light emitting element described above and one end face of the plastic optical fiber.
- a connector used for optical coupling between the short wavelength light emitting element such as the yellow light emitting element described above and one end face of the plastic optical fiber.
- an SMA type or F07 type can be used.
- the optical transmission device of the present invention can transmit only one-way light or one-way light to one plastic optical fiber. In order to perform long-distance optical transmission, it is preferable to transmit only one-way light to one plastic optical fiber.
- a yellow light-emitting element is used as the short-wavelength light-emitting element, if an optical transmission device is configured to transmit only one direction of light to one plastic optical fiber, long-distance optical transmission is possible and It is preferable because the optical transmission device has excellent heat resistance.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an embodiment of an optical transmission device according to the present invention.
- an optical transmitter 1 and an optical receiver 3 are optically connected by a plastic optical fiber 2.
- An input electric signal 11 is input to the optical transmitter 1 from the outside, and the optical The machine 3 outputs an output electric signal 35 to the outside.
- Optical coupling between the optical transmitter 1 and one end of the plastic optical fiber 2 is made using the SMA connector 4, and the optical receiver 3 and the plastic optical Optical coupling with the other end of the fiber 2 is made by using the SMA connector 5.
- the optical transmitter 1 includes a modulation circuit 12, a yellow light emitting diode 14, and a driving circuit 13 for driving the yellow light emitting diode 14.
- the input electric signal 11 is FSK-modulated. For example, when the input electric signal 11 is 0V, the input electric signal 11 is converted to a 125 kHz signal, and the input electric signal 11 is converted to a 5V signal. In this case, the signal is converted to a 500 kHz signal.
- the drive circuit 13 drives the yellow light emitting diode 14 at a high level of 20 mA and a low level of OmA, for example, based on the signal from the modulation circuit 12.
- the yellow light emitting diode 14 is, for example, an InGaN type light emitting diode having a maximum emission wavelength of 570 nm, a full width at half maximum of 38 nm, and a total emitted light amount of 0 dBm at a current value of 2 OmA. Can be.
- the light emitting region of the yellow light emitting diode 14 is a square of 0.2 mm square, and the NA of the light incident on the optical fiber is 0.5.
- the optical receiver 3 includes a silicon pin photodiode 31 having sensitivity in a short wavelength region such as a yellow region, a light receiving / amplifying circuit 32, an identification circuit 33, and a demodulation circuit 34.
- the photoreceiver / amplifier circuit 32 converts the output current of the silicon pin photodiode 31 into a voltage and amplifies it.
- the discrimination circuit 33 discriminates between the high level and the low level of the signal from the photoreceiver / amplifier circuit 32.
- the demodulation circuit 34 demodulates the signal from the discrimination circuit 33, converts it to 0 V in the case of a 125 kHz signal and outputs it as an output electric signal 35, and outputs 5 in the case of a 500 kHz signal.
- This optical receiver 3 satisfies a bit error rate (BER) of 1 CI- 7 for a NRZ signal of 20 kbps at a wavelength of 570 nm, and has an average minimum receiving sensitivity of 41.5 dBm.
- the plastic optical fiber 2 is of a step-index type in which the core material is made of a polymethyl methacrylate polymer and the sheath material is made of a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and tetrafluoroethylene. In this plastic optical fiber 2, the residual sulfur content in the core material is 0.7 ppm, and the content of sulfur atoms bonded to the polymer in the core material is 600 ppm.
- Figure 2 shows the wavelength dependence of the transmission loss. The measurement of the sulfur atom content in the polymer used for the core material was performed as follows.
- the measurement was performed using a Dorman microcoulometric titrator MCTS-130.
- a calibration curve was prepared by measuring a standard sample with a known sulfur atom concentration in advance. Next, the polymer used as the core material was dissolved in 10 times the amount of acetone, and the solution was dropped into methanol to precipitate the polymer. Only the polymer was separated and recovered, dried and dried. The combined sample was used. The polymer sample was measured, and the value read from the calibration curve was converted into the amount per unit weight of the polymer, and the value was regarded as the amount of sulfur atoms bonded to the polymer.
- HP Gas Chromatograph 5890 SERIES (II) was used as a measuring device, and TC-WAX column, manufactured by GE Science Co., Ltd., was 30 m long, 0.53 mm inside diameter, and 1. 1. ⁇ thick.
- the detector a flame photometric detector with high sensitivity to sulfur is used, and the ⁇ -butyl mercapone or ⁇ -year-old octyl mercapone remaining in the polymer and the disulfide formed by the reaction between these mercaptans are used. Quantitative analysis of the compound was performed.
- n-butyl mercaptan when n-butyl mercaptan is used, the sum of the sulfur atom-converted values of n-butyl mercaptan and di-n-butyl-disulfide is n-octyl mercaptan.
- the sum of the sulfur atom-converted values of the octyl mercaptan and g-n-octyl disulfide was defined as the content of sulfur atoms not bonded to the polymer.
- the transmission loss measured with parallel light at a wavelength of 570 nm is 0.06 dBZm.
- the transmission loss when the optical transmitter 1 is connected increases to 0.1 dB / m due to the spread of the wavelength of the light emitting diode 14 and an increase in loss due to higher-order mode components.
- the yellow light emitting diode 14 is optically coupled to one end of the plastic optical fiber 2 by the SMA connector 4.
- the average transmission level of the optical transmitter 1 (the light intensity level in a state where modulation is performed after transmission through the optical fiber lm) is 19 dBm.
- the silicon pin photodiode 31 is optically coupled to the other end of the plastic optical fiber 2 by the SMA connector 5.
- Fig. 4 shows the results.
- the light level at a temperature of 25 ° C. is displayed as 0 dB. It was confirmed that the optical transmission device of Example 1 had a stable transmission level over a wide temperature range of 0 to 85 ° C. and had excellent heat resistance.
- the optical transmission device of the first embodiment exhibits excellent heat resistance characteristics for both the light emitting element and the optical fiber, and is capable of long distance transmission of 30 ⁇ m in 20 kbps NRZ signal transmission (digital signal transmission in bit error rate 1 0 _ 7 below: below, was found to be similar) with respect to the transmission distance.
- the same optical transmission device as the optical transmission device of Example 1 was configured except that a green light emitting diode was used instead of the yellow light emitting diode 14.
- the green light-emitting diode used here is an InGaN type, and at a current value of 20 mA, the maximum emission wavelength is 525 nm, the full width at half maximum is 20 nm, and the total emitted light amount is 3 d B m.
- the average transmission level of the optical transmitter 1 was 17 dBm.
- FIG. 4 shows the results. It was confirmed that the optical transmission device of Example 2 had a stable transmission level over a wide temperature range of 0 to 85 ° C and had excellent heat resistance. Further, when the change over time in the transmission loss characteristics of the plastic optical fiber 2 was measured in the same manner as in Example 1 above, no increase in the transmission loss of the optical fiber was observed at a wavelength of 525 nm after 1 000 hours. .
- the optical transmission device of the second embodiment exhibited excellent heat resistance characteristics for both the light emitting element and the optical fiber, and was capable of long-distance transmission of 320 m in 20 kbps NRZ signal transmission. .
- a plastic optical fiber 2 with a residual sulfur content of 27 ppm in the core material and a content of sulfur atoms bonded to the polymer of 590 ppm (Fig. 2 shows the wavelength dependence of transmission loss) is used. Except for this, the same optical transmission device as the optical transmission device of the first embodiment was configured.
- the transmission loss measured with parallel light was 0.09 dB / m.
- the transmission loss when the optical transmitter 1 was connected increased to 0.13 dB / m due to the wavelength spread of the yellow light emitting diode 14 and an increase in loss due to higher-order mode components.
- the heat resistance of the optical fiber is lower than that of the first embodiment, but the reduction is acceptable in practical use. Sex can be determined to be good.
- 240 m transmission is possible with 20 kbps NRZ signal transmission, and from the results of the heat resistance test, it was found that if the thermal degradation at 10,000 hours at 85 ° C was predicted, the transmission distance would be 180 m. .
- Red LED should be used instead of yellow LED 14 Except for this, the same optical transmission device as the optical transmission device of the first embodiment was configured.
- the red light-emitting diode used here was of the GaAlAs type, and at a current value of 2 OmA, the maximum emission wavelength was 660 nm, the full width at half maximum of the wavelength was 20 nm, and the total emitted light amount was 6 dBm.
- the transmission loss of the plastic optical fiber 2 at a wavelength of 660 nm is 0.17 dB / m, but when the optical transmitter 1 is connected, the transmission loss of the light emitting diode is The value was 0.23 dB / m due to the wavelength spread and the loss increase due to the higher-order mode components.
- the average transmission level of the optical transmitter 1 was 16 dBm.
- the average minimum light-receiving sensitivity that satisfies BER 1 O- 7 or less for the 20 kbps NRZ signal transmission of the optical receiver 3 was —43.0 dB at the wavelength of 660 nm.
- the optical transmission device of Comparative Example 1 was inferior in heat resistance of the light emitting element, and was capable of transmitting only up to 150 m in a 20 kbps NRZ signal transmission. Furthermore, considering the temperature fluctuation at the transmission level of 0 to 85 ° C, the transmission distance was found to be 140 m.
- Plastic optical fiber 2 with a residual sulfur content of 27 ppm in the core material and a content of 59 Opm of sulfur atoms bonded to the polymer (Fig. 2 shows the wavelength dependence of transmission loss)
- the transmission loss measured with parallel light was 0.09 dB / m.
- the transmission loss when the optical transmitter 1 was connected increased to 0.13 dB / m due to the wavelength spread of the light emitting diode 14 and the loss increase due to the higher-order mode components.
- 1b The time-dependent change in the transmission loss characteristics of the plastic optical fiber 2 was measured in the same manner as in Example 1 above. After 1 000 hours, the transmission loss increased by about 0.018 dB / m at a wavelength of 525 nm. Was seen.
- the optical transmission device of Comparative Example 3 is inferior in the heat resistance of the optical fiber, and is capable of transmitting 240 m in 20 kbps NRZ signal transmission. Predicting thermal degradation for 10,000 hours at ° C, the transmission distance was found to be 100 m.
- a plastic optical fiber 2 with a residual sulfur content of 27 ppm in the core material and a content of sulfur atoms bonded to the polymer of 590 ppm (Fig. 2 shows the wavelength dependence of transmission loss) Except for this, an optical transmission device identical to that of Comparative Example 2 was constructed.
- the transmission loss measured with parallel light was 0.18 dBZ m.
- the transmission loss when the optical transmitter 1 was connected increased to 0.24 dBBZm due to the wavelength spread of the light emitting diode 14 and the increase in loss due to higher-order mode components.
- the optical transmission device of Comparative Example 4 was inferior in heat resistance of the light emitting element, and could transmit only up to 150 m in 20 kbps NRZ signal transmission. Furthermore, considering the temperature fluctuation at the transmission level of 0 to 85 ° C, the transmission distance was found to be 140 m.
- Table 1 shows the results of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3. ⁇ table 1 ⁇
- the transmission level is the light level when modulated after transmitting 1 m of optical fiber.
- Transmission distance is the maximum transmission distance at which the bit error rate is 10 or less
- the same optical transmission device as the optical transmission device of Example 1 was configured except that a multi-core plastic optical fiber was used as the plastic optical fiber 2.
- the multi-core plastic optical fiber used here is a sea-island type optical fiber in which 37 islands are united by a common sea with the islands separated from each other. The islands are composed of a core and a sheath.
- the core material is made of a methyl methacrylate polymer, and the sheath material and the sea material are made of vinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer.
- the residual sulfur content in the core material was 0.8 ppm, and the content of sulfur atoms bonded to the polymer in the core material was 600 ppm.
- the transmission loss measured with parallel light was 0.06 dBm.
- the transmission loss when the optical transmitter 1 was connected was 0.1ldBZm due to the wavelength spread of the light emitting diode 14 and an increase in loss due to higher-order mode components.
- the average transmission level of the optical transmitter 1 was 110 dBm.
- the time-dependent change in the transmission loss characteristics of the multi-core plastic optical fiber used here was measured in the same manner as in Example 1 above. After 100 hours, the transmission loss of the optical fiber at the wavelength of 570 nm increased. Not seen.
- the optical transmission device of Example 4 exhibited excellent heat resistance characteristics for both the light emitting element and the optical fiber, and was able to perform long-distance transmission of 290 m in 20 kbps NRZ signal transmission. all right.
- An optical transmission device identical to the optical transmission device of Example 1 above was constructed, except that a multilayer plastic optical fiber was used as the plastic optical fiber 2.
- the multilayer plastic optical fiber used here is an optical fiber composed of multiple layers such that the refractive index decreases stepwise from the center toward the outer periphery, and the inner layer core material is made of methyl methacrylate polymer.
- the outer core material is methylmethacrylate and 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropylmethacrylate.
- the sheath material consists of a polymer of methylmethacrylate and 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroperfluorodecylmethacrylate.
- the diameter of the inner core is 450 m
- the thickness of the outer core is 135 m
- the thickness of the sheath is 15 ⁇
- the fiber diameter is 750 ⁇ .
- This multilayer plastic optical fiber has a residual sulfur content in the inner layer core material of 0.7 ppm, an outer layer core, a remaining stone in the inner layer core material: 1 ⁇ ; TL B3 ⁇ 4J: lp pm; The content of the yellow atom bound to the stone was 600 ppm, and the content of the sulfur atom bound to the polymer of the outer core material was 560 ppm.
- the transmission loss measured with parallel light was 0.06 dBZ m.
- the transmission loss when the optical transmitter 1 was connected was 0.1 dB / m due to the wavelength spread of the light emitting diode 14 and the increase in loss due to higher-order mode components.
- the average transmission level of the optical transmitter 1 was 14 dBm.
- the optical transmission device of Example 5 exhibited excellent heat resistance characteristics for both the light emitting element and the optical fiber, and was capable of long distance transmission of 250 m in 20 kbps NRZ signal transmission.
- the transmission distance is short, the heat resistance of the light emitting element is inferior, and the residual in the core material of the plastic optical fiber Reducing the sulfur content had little effect on transmission distance or heat resistance.
- the amount of residual sulfur in the core material of the plastic optical fiber must be reduced. As a result, the transmission distance could be greatly extended, and the heat resistance could be further improved.
- the optical transmission device it is effective to use a short-wavelength light-emitting element and to use a material having a small amount of residual sulfur in the core material of the plastic optical fiber to extend the transmission distance and improve the heat resistance. I found it. [Industrial applicability]
- the optical transmission device can be used for long-distance transmission with good heat resistance.
- a combination of a yellow light emitting element and a plastic optical fiber made of a methacrylate polymer whose core material does not contain a benzene ring is used so that light propagates through the plastic optical fiber in only one direction. Since the optical transmission device is configured, long-distance transmission with good heat resistance is possible.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
- Optical Communication System (AREA)
- Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/868,994 US7039322B1 (en) | 1998-12-24 | 1999-11-21 | Optical communication apparatus |
KR10-2001-7008121A KR100453421B1 (ko) | 1998-12-24 | 1999-12-21 | 광 전송 장치 |
EP99959942A EP1154291B1 (en) | 1998-12-24 | 1999-12-21 | Optical communication apparatus |
CA002358123A CA2358123C (en) | 1998-12-24 | 1999-12-21 | Optical communication apparatus |
DE69941064T DE69941064D1 (de) | 1998-12-24 | 1999-12-21 | Optische nachrichtenübertragungsvorrichtung |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP10/367308 | 1998-12-24 | ||
JP36730898 | 1998-12-24 | ||
JP19785199 | 1999-07-12 | ||
JP11/197851 | 1999-07-12 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000039614A1 true WO2000039614A1 (fr) | 2000-07-06 |
Family
ID=26510615
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP1999/007177 WO2000039614A1 (fr) | 1998-12-24 | 1999-12-21 | Appareil de communication optique |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7039322B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1154291B1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100453421B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1171101C (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2358123C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69941064D1 (ja) |
TW (1) | TW444442B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2000039614A1 (ja) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2003163369A (ja) * | 2001-11-27 | 2003-06-06 | Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc | 半導体発光素子及び光伝送装置 |
WO2014178347A1 (ja) * | 2013-05-02 | 2014-11-06 | 三菱レイヨン株式会社 | プラスチック光ファイバ及びその製造方法、並びにセンサ及びプラスチック光ファイバ巻取用ボビン |
WO2016063829A1 (ja) * | 2014-10-20 | 2016-04-28 | 三菱レイヨン株式会社 | 光ファイバ、光ファイバの製造方法、光ファイバケーブル及びセンサ |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006086336A (ja) | 2004-09-16 | 2006-03-30 | Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc | 光源 |
JP4322276B2 (ja) * | 2006-03-02 | 2009-08-26 | シャープ株式会社 | 携帯電話機および電子機器 |
JP4899617B2 (ja) * | 2006-04-28 | 2012-03-21 | オムロン株式会社 | 光伝送システム、光伝送モジュール、電子機器 |
US9020338B2 (en) * | 2010-05-17 | 2015-04-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method and arrangement for stabilizing a colour coding method for optical transmission of data |
CN110299944B (zh) * | 2019-06-28 | 2021-07-23 | 衢州学院 | 一种led可见光通信系统 |
US11476951B2 (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2022-10-18 | Sensata Technologies, Inc. | Optical communications in a battery pack |
CN111830647A (zh) | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-27 | 宁波群芯微电子有限责任公司 | 光电耦合装置 |
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JPS6394203A (ja) * | 1986-10-09 | 1988-04-25 | Toray Ind Inc | プラスチツク光フアイバ |
JPS6395402A (ja) * | 1986-10-13 | 1988-04-26 | Toray Ind Inc | 芯鞘型プラスチツク光フアイバ |
JPH0243506A (ja) * | 1988-08-04 | 1990-02-14 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | プラスチツク光フアイバ |
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1999
- 1999-11-21 US US09/868,994 patent/US7039322B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-12-21 DE DE69941064T patent/DE69941064D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-21 WO PCT/JP1999/007177 patent/WO2000039614A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-12-21 EP EP99959942A patent/EP1154291B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-21 CN CNB998157422A patent/CN1171101C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-21 KR KR10-2001-7008121A patent/KR100453421B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-12-21 CA CA002358123A patent/CA2358123C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-12-23 TW TW088122741A patent/TW444442B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2003163369A (ja) * | 2001-11-27 | 2003-06-06 | Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc | 半導体発光素子及び光伝送装置 |
WO2014178347A1 (ja) * | 2013-05-02 | 2014-11-06 | 三菱レイヨン株式会社 | プラスチック光ファイバ及びその製造方法、並びにセンサ及びプラスチック光ファイバ巻取用ボビン |
JPWO2014178347A1 (ja) * | 2013-05-02 | 2017-02-23 | 三菱レイヨン株式会社 | プラスチック光ファイバ及びその製造方法、並びにセンサ及びプラスチック光ファイバ巻取用ボビン |
WO2016063829A1 (ja) * | 2014-10-20 | 2016-04-28 | 三菱レイヨン株式会社 | 光ファイバ、光ファイバの製造方法、光ファイバケーブル及びセンサ |
JPWO2016063829A1 (ja) * | 2014-10-20 | 2017-07-27 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | 光ファイバ、光ファイバの製造方法、光ファイバケーブル及びセンサ |
US10830947B2 (en) | 2014-10-20 | 2020-11-10 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | Optical fiber, method for manufacturing optical fiber, optical fiber cable, and sensor |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2358123C (en) | 2005-12-06 |
EP1154291A1 (en) | 2001-11-14 |
EP1154291B1 (en) | 2009-07-01 |
KR20010093222A (ko) | 2001-10-27 |
TW444442B (en) | 2001-07-01 |
KR100453421B1 (ko) | 2004-10-15 |
CA2358123A1 (en) | 2000-07-06 |
DE69941064D1 (de) | 2009-08-13 |
US7039322B1 (en) | 2006-05-02 |
CN1333882A (zh) | 2002-01-30 |
EP1154291A4 (en) | 2006-03-29 |
CN1171101C (zh) | 2004-10-13 |
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