WO1999055751A1 - Copolymere bloc - Google Patents
Copolymere bloc Download PDFInfo
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- WO1999055751A1 WO1999055751A1 PCT/JP1999/002273 JP9902273W WO9955751A1 WO 1999055751 A1 WO1999055751 A1 WO 1999055751A1 JP 9902273 W JP9902273 W JP 9902273W WO 9955751 A1 WO9955751 A1 WO 9955751A1
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- polymer
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- radical polymerization
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F290/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups
- C08F290/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups on to polymers modified by introduction of unsaturated end groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F293/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerisation on to a macromolecule having groups capable of inducing the formation of new polymer chains bound exclusively at one or both ends of the starting macromolecule
- C08F293/005—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerisation on to a macromolecule having groups capable of inducing the formation of new polymer chains bound exclusively at one or both ends of the starting macromolecule using free radical "living" or "controlled" polymerisation, e.g. using a complexing agent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F297/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by successively polymerising different monomer systems using a catalyst of the ionic or coordination type without deactivating the intermediate polymer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2438/00—Living radical polymerisation
- C08F2438/01—Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization [ATRP] or reverse ATRP
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polymer in which a block copolymer is produced by adding a polymer having an alkenyl group to a living radical polymerization system or a living cationic polymerization system.
- Block copolymers in which different types of polymer blocks are bonded are generally produced by successively polymerizing different monomers.
- various polymerization methods have been developed, and attempts have been made to produce block copolymers using them.
- carbenium ions were unstable.
- living cation polymerization in which isomerization, chain transfer reaction, and termination reaction of growing carbenium ions in cationic polymerization are suppressed.
- JP-A-62-48704 and JP-A-64-623008 reported that an organic carboxylic acid, an ester or an ether was used as an initiator in combination with a Lewis acid to form an olefin monomer such as isobutylene. It was shown that cationic living polymerization was possible even with the olefin monomer. This method has been improved several times, and Nippon Zeon (Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-59601) has succeeded in obtaining a block copolymer by the continuous addition of monomers by the addition of amines.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a block copolymer of various polymers and a living radical polymer or a living cationic polymer which can be easily produced without requiring difficult optimization of polymerization conditions.
- the present invention is a block copolymer produced by adding a polymer (I) having an alkenyl group to a living radical polymerization system or a living cationic polymerization system.
- the alkenyl group of the polymer (I) is not limited, but is represented by the general formula 1 It is preferable that
- R 1 is hydrogen
- terminal alkenyl group of the polymer (I) is, Cal Boniru group conjugated with the carbon-one-carbon double bond, an alkenyl group, Preferably it is not activated by an aromatic ring.
- the alkenyl group of the polymer (I) is not limited, but is preferably at the terminal of the polymer (I).
- the living radical polymerization system of the present invention is not limited, but is preferably an atom transfer radical polymerization system.
- the produced block copolymer is a multiblock copolymer.
- the group serving as an initiator group for the atom transfer radical polymerization of the polymer (I) is not limited, but is preferably a group represented by the general formula 2 or 3 .
- Ar is an aryl group which may have a substituent
- R 2 is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
- X is chlorine, bromine or iodine.
- R 2 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R is an organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and X is chlorine, bromine, or iodine
- R 2 is preferably hydrogen in the general formulas 2 and 3.
- the metal complex used as a catalyst for this atom transfer radical polymerization is preferably a copper, nickel, ruthenium, or iron complex, particularly a copper complex.
- the monomer polymerized in the living radical polymerization system is not limited, but is preferably a (meth) acrylic monomer.
- the produced block copolymer can be a multi-block copolymer, Living Katyo of the polymer (I)
- the group serving as the polymerization initiator group is not limited, but is preferably one represented by the general formula 2.
- Ar is an aryl group which may have a substituent
- R 2 is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
- X is chlorine, bromine or iodine.
- the method for producing the polymer (I) is not particularly limited, but is preferably produced by controlled radical polymerization, and particularly preferably produced by atom transfer radical polymerization.
- the polymer (I) is produced by atom transfer radical polymerization, it is preferable to use an initiator having a alkenyl group, and more preferably an aryl halide as an initiator.
- the polymer (I) is not limited, but is preferably a vinyl polymer, a polyolefin polymer, a hydrocarbon polymer, a polyester polymer, a polyether polymer, or a polysiloxane polymer. .
- the polymer (I) has a glass transition point of 25 ° C. or higher, and the polymer (I) is newly polymerized by atom transfer radical polymerization to which the polymer (I) is added.
- the glass transition point of the coalesced chains is 25 ° C or less, or the glass transition point of the polymer (I) is 25 ° C or less, and the polymer (I) is added by atom transfer radical polymerization. It is preferable that the glass transition point of the polymer chain to be polymerized at 25 ° C. or higher.
- block copolymer of the present invention is used as a thermoplastic elastomer-impact resistance improving material.
- the present invention provides a polymer (I) having at least one terminal alkenyl group, It is a block copolymer produced by adding to a living radical polymerization system or a living cationic polymerization system. Description of the polymer (I)
- the terminal alkenyl group of the polymer (I) is not limited, but is preferably one represented by the general formula 1.
- R 1 is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
- R 1 is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and specific examples include the following groups.
- the terminal alkenyl group of the polymer (I) is not activated by a carbonyl group, alkenyl group or aromatic ring conjugated with the carbon-carbon double bond.
- the bonding form of the alkenyl group and the main chain of the polymer (I) is not particularly limited, but may be bonded via a carbon-carbon bond, an ester bond, an ester bond, a force-ponate bond, an amide bond, a urethane bond, or the like. Is preferred.
- the position of the alkenyl group in the polymer (I) is not particularly limited, and may be at the terminal or at the center of the main chain. According to the present invention, a linear block copolymer can be synthesized at the terminal, and a block copolymer branched therefrom can be synthesized at the center of the main chain.
- the number of alkenyl groups in the polymer (I) is not particularly limited. Depending on the structure of the desired block polymer, one, two, or more One is selected.
- the molecular weight distribution of the polymer (I) of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably less than 1.8, and is preferably It is at most 1.7, more preferably at most 1.6, even more preferably at most 1.5, particularly preferably at most 1.4, most preferably at most 1.3.
- the form is used as a mobile phase, and the measurement is performed with a polystyrene gel column, and the number average molecular weight and the like can be obtained in terms of polystyrene.
- the number average molecular weight of the polymer (I) of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 500 to 1, 000, 0000, and 100 to 100, 000. More preferred.
- the polymer (I) is already a block copolymer, a block copolymer having three or more polymer blocks can be easily obtained. In this case, it is effective for adjusting the mechanical properties and the refractive index.
- radical polymerization Before describing living radical polymerization, first, radical polymerization will be described.
- the radical polymerization method is a general radical polymerization method in which a monomer having a specific functional group and a vinyl monomer are simply copolymerized using an azo compound, a peroxide, or the like as a polymerization initiator and a terminal. It can be classified into the “controlled radical polymerization method” that can introduce a specific functional group at a controlled position.
- the “general radical polymerization method” is a simple method, a monomer having a specific functional group is introduced into the polymer only stochastically, so that a polymer with a high degree of functionalization is obtained. In this case, it is necessary to use a considerably large amount of this monomer, and conversely, when used in a small amount, there is a problem that the proportion of the polymer into which this specific functional group is not introduced becomes large. Also, because of free radical polymerization, the molecular weight distribution is There is also a problem that only a polymer having a high degree can be obtained.
- a vinyl polymer having a functional group at the end can be obtained by performing polymerization using a chain transfer agent having a specific functional group. It can be classified as the “living radical polymerization method” in which a polymer having a molecular weight almost as designed can be obtained by growing the terminal without causing a termination reaction or the like.
- the ⁇ chain transfer agent method '' can obtain a polymer with a high degree of functionalization, but requires a considerably large amount of a chain transfer agent having a specific functional group with respect to the initiator, and also includes processing. And there is an economic problem.
- general radical polymerization method there is also a problem that since it is a free radical polymerization, only a polymer having a wide molecular weight distribution and a high viscosity can be obtained.
- the “living radical polymerization method” is a radical polymerization which is difficult to control because the polymerization rate is high and a termination reaction is likely to occur due to coupling between radicals. It is unlikely to occur and a polymer with a narrow molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn is about 1.1 to 1.5) can be obtained, and the molecular weight can be freely controlled by the charge ratio of the monomer and the initiator. Therefore, the "living radical polymerization method” can obtain a polymer having a narrow molecular weight distribution and a low viscosity, and can introduce a monomer having a specific functional group into almost any position of the polymer. It is more preferable as a method for producing the vinyl polymer having the specific functional group.
- living polymerization refers to polymerization in which the terminal is always active and the molecular chain grows.In general, it is the polymerization in which the terminal is inactivated and the one in which the terminal is activated. Pseudo-living polymerization, which grows while in equilibrium, is also included. The definition in the present invention is also the latter.
- the "atom transfer radical polymerization method” in which an organic halide or a sulfonyl halide compound is used as an initiator and a vinyl monomer is polymerized using a transition metal complex as a catalyst is described in the above “Living radical” method.
- a vinyl-based resins with specific functional groups It is more preferable as a method for producing a polymer.
- This atom transfer radical polymerization method is described in, for example, Matyjasz ews ki et al., J. Am. Chem.
- any of these living radical polymerization methods is not particularly limited, an atom transfer radical polymerization method is preferable.
- the radical polymerization using the chain transfer agent is not particularly limited, but the following two methods are exemplified as a method for obtaining a vinyl polymer having a terminal structure suitable for the present invention. .
- a radical scavenger such as a nitroxide compound
- examples of such compounds include, but are not limited to, 2,2,6,6-substituted-1-piperidinyloxy radical and 2,2,5,5-substituted-1-pyrrolidinyloxy radical.
- Nitroxy free radicals from cyclic hydroxyamines are preferred.
- an alkyl group having 4 or less carbon atoms such as a methyl group and a methyl group is suitable.
- nitroxy free radical compounds include, but are not limited to, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy radical (TEMPO), 2,2,6,6-tetraethyl-1-piperidini Roxy radical, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4 years old Kiso 1-piperidinyloxy radical, 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-11-pyrrolidinyloxy radical, 1,1, 3,3-tetramethyl-12-isoindolinyloxy radical, N, N-di_t-butylamyloxy radical and the like.
- a stable free radical such as galpinoxyl (galvino xy 1) free radical may be used.
- the radical capping agent is used in combination with a radical generator. It is considered that the reaction product of the radical cabbing agent and the radical generator serves as a polymerization initiator, and the polymerization of the addition-polymerizable monomer proceeds.
- the combination ratio of the two is not particularly limited, but 0.1 to 10 mol of the radical initiator per 1 mol of the radical cabbing agent is appropriate.
- the radical generator various compounds can be used, but a baroxide capable of generating a radical under the polymerization temperature condition is preferable.
- the baroxide include, but are not limited to, disilyl oxides such as benzoyl peroxide and lauroyl peroxide, dialkyl peroxides such as dicumyl peroxide and di-tert-butyl peroxide, and dialkyl peroxide.
- Peroxydicarbonate bis (4-tert-butylcyclohexyl) peroxydicarbonate
- alkyl esters such as deer-polyesters, t-butylperoxyctoate, and t-butylperoxybenzoate.
- benzoyl peroxide is preferred.
- a radical generator such as a radical-generating azo compound such as azobisisobutyronitrile may be used in place of peroxide.
- an alkoxyamine compound When used as an initiator, if it has a functional group such as a hydroxyl group as shown in the above figure, a polymer having a functional group at the terminal can be obtained. When this is used in the method of the present invention, a polymer having a functional group at a terminal can be obtained.
- Polymerization conditions such as a monomer, a solvent, and a polymerization temperature used in the polymerization using the above radical scavenger such as a nitroxide compound are not limited, but may be the same as those used for the atom transfer radical polymerization described below.
- an organic halide particularly an organic halide having a highly reactive carbon-halogen bond (for example, a halogen having a halogen at the ⁇ -position) Bonyl compounds, compounds having a halogen at the benzyl position) or halogenated sulfonyl compounds are used as initiators.
- C 6 H 5 is a phenyl group
- X is chlorine, bromine, or iodine.
- R 3 and R 4 are a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl group, or an aralkyl group, and X is chlorine, bromine, or iodine
- R 3 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl group, or an aralkyl group, and X is chlorine, bromine, or iodine.
- the organic halide having an alkenyl group is not limited, and examples thereof include those having a structure represented by the general formula 4.
- R 5 is hydrogen or a methyl group
- R 6 and R 7 are hydrogen, or a monovalent alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl group, or an aralkyl group, or mutually linked at the other end.
- R 8 is one C (O) 0- (ester group), —C (O)-(keto group), or o—, m—, p-phenylene group
- R 9 is a direct bond Or a divalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, which may contain one or more ether bonds
- X is a salt Element, bromine or iodine
- organic halide having an alkenyl group represented by the general formula 4 include:
- X is chlorine, bromine, or iodine
- n is an integer of 0 to 20.
- X is chlorine, bromine, or iodine
- n is an integer of 1 to 20
- m is an integer of 0 to 20.
- X is chlorine, bromine, or iodine
- n is an integer of 1 to 20
- m is an integer of 0 to 20.
- X is chlorine, bromine, or iodine
- n is an integer of 0 to 20.
- Examples of the organic halide having an alkenyl group further include a compound represented by the general formula 5.
- H 2 C C (R 5 ) – R 9 — C (R 6 ) (X) — R 10 -R 7 (5)
- R 8 is a direct bond or a divalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (which may contain one or more ether bonds). If the bond is a direct bond, the halogen-bonded carbon Is a halogenated arylated compound. in this case Since a carbon-halogen bond is activated by an adjacent vinyl group, R 1 Q does not necessarily have to have a C (O) O group or a phenylene group, and may be a direct bond. When R 9 is not a direct bond, R 1 G is preferably a C (O) O group, a C ( ⁇ ) group, or a phenylene group in order to activate a carbon-halogen bond. If the compound of the general formula 5 is specifically exemplified,
- CH 2 CHCH 2 X
- CH 2 C (CH 3 ) CH 2 X
- CH 2 CHC (H) (X) CH 3
- CH 2 C (CH 3 ) C (H) (X) CH 3
- CH 2 CHC (X) (CH 3 ) 2
- CH 2 CHC (H) (X) C 2 H 5
- CH 2 CHC (H) (X) CH (CH 3 ) 2 ,
- CH 2 CHC (H) (X) C 6 H 5
- CH 2 CHC (H) (X) CH 2 C 6 H 5
- CH 2 CHCH 2 C (H) (X) _C 6 H 5 ,
- CH 2 CH (CH 2 ) 2 C (H) (X)-C 6 H 5 ,
- X is chlorine, bromine, or iodine
- R is an alkyl group, aryl group, or aralkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- halogenated sulfonyl compound having an alkenyl group examples include o—, m—, p—CH 2 CHCH— (CH 2 ) n —C 6 H 4 _S ⁇ 2 X,
- X is chlorine, bromine, or iodine
- n is an integer of 0 to 20.
- the organic halide having a crosslinkable silyl group is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include those having a structure represented by general formula 6.
- R 11 R 12 is an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, or ( R ′) 3 S i O— (R ′ is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and the three R ′s may be the same or different.)
- R 11 or R 12 When two or more R 11 or R 12 are present, they may be the same or different Y represents a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, and Y represents 2 When there are more than one, they may be the same or different, a represents 0, 1, 2, or 3, and b represents 0, 1, or 2.
- m represents 0 to 1. It is an integer of 9, provided that a + mb ⁇
- X is chlorine, bromine, iodine, n represents 0 to 20 integer,
- organic halide having a crosslinkable silyl group examples include those having a structure represented by the general formula 7.
- X is chlorine, bromine, or iodine
- R is an alkyl group, aryl group, or aralkyl group having 120 carbon atoms.
- the organic halide having a hydroxyl group or the sulfonyl halide is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include the following.
- X is chlorine, bromine, or iodine
- R is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 120 carbon atoms, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, and n is an integer of 120
- the organic halide having the amino group or the sulfonyl halide compound is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include the following.
- X is chlorine, bromine, or iodine
- R is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, and n is an integer of 1 to 20.
- the organic halide having an epoxy group or the sulfonyl halide compound is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include the following.
- X is chlorine, bromine, or iodine
- R is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl group, an aralkyl group
- n is an integer of 1 to 20.
- R is an alkyl group, aryl group, or
- n is an integer from 0 to 20
- X is lysine, backbone, or iodine
- n is an integer from 0 to 20
- n is an integer from 0 to 20, Xt3 ⁇ 4ft *, depth «, or iodine
- the transition metal complex used as the polymerization catalyst is not particularly limited, but is preferably a metal complex complex having a central metal of Group 7, 8, 9, 10 or 11 of the periodic table. is there. More preferred are complexes of zero-valent copper, monovalent copper, divalent ruthenium, divalent iron or divalent nickel. Among them, a copper complex is preferable. Specific examples of monovalent copper compounds include cuprous chloride and bromide Copper (I), cuprous iodide, cuprous cyanide, cuprous oxide, cuprous perchlorate, etc.
- a copper compound 2,2'-bipyridyl and its derivatives, 1,10-phenanthroline and its derivatives, tetramethylethylenediamine, penmethylmethylethylenetriamine, A ligand such as polyamine such as methyltris (2-aminoethyl) amine is added. Further, a trivalent triphenyl phosphine complex of divalent ruthenium chloride (RuCl 2 (P Ph 3 ) 3 ) is also suitable as the catalyst. When a ruthenium compound is used as a catalyst, aluminum alkoxides are added as an activator.
- divalent Bisutorifue two Le phosphine complex of iron F e C 1 2 (PP h 3) 2)
- 2 -valent nickel Bisutorifue sulfonyl phosphine complex N i C 1 2 (PP h 3) 2)
- divalent bis tributylphosphine complex nickel N i B r 2 (PB u 3) 2
- the polymerization can be carried out without solvent or in various solvents.
- the solvent include hydrocarbon solvents such as benzene and toluene, ether solvents such as getyl ether and tetrahydrofuran, halogenated hydrocarbon solvents such as methylene chloride and chloroform, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, and the like.
- the produced block copolymer can be a multi-block copolymer
- the group serving as the initiator group for the atom transfer radical polymerization of the polymer (I) is not limited, but is represented by the general formula 2 or 3 Preferably, it is
- Ar is an aryl group which may have a substituent
- R 2 is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
- X is chlorine, bromine, or iodine.
- Ar is an aryl group which may have a substituent
- R 2 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- R is an organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
- X is chlorine, bromine, or iodine.
- R 2 is preferably hydrogen in the general formulas 2 and 3.
- the substituent is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include halogen and a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. .
- the vinyl monomer used in the living radical polymerization of the present invention is not particularly limited, and various types can be used.
- Styrene such as styrene, vinyltoluene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, chlorostyrene, styrenesulfonic acid and its salts
- Monomers Fluorine-containing vinyl monomers such as perfluoroethylene, perfluoropropylene, and vinylidene fluoride; Silicon-containing vinyl monomers such as vinyltrimethoxysilane and biertriethoxysilane; maleic anhydride, maleic acid, and acid
- Maleimides such as maleimide, methylmaleimide, ethylmaleimide, propylmaleimide, butylmaleimide, hexylmaleimide, octylmaleimide, dodecylmaleimide, stearylmaleimide, phenylmaleimide, and cyclohexylmaleimide;
- Monomers Vinyl monomers containing nitrile groups such as acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile; Vinyl monomers
- styrene-based monomers and (meth) acrylic-acid-based monomers are preferable in view of the physical properties of the product. More preferred are acrylate monomers and methacrylate monomers, particularly preferred are acrylate esters, and still more preferred is butyl acrylate.
- the growing terminal of living radical polymerization needs to be added to the alkenyl group of the polymer (I). Therefore, the order of addition activity due to the difference in the structure of the growing terminal is as follows. In general, but not necessarily, it decreases in the order of acrylic type terminal, methyl acryl type terminal, and styrene type terminal.
- a monomer that increases the activity of the growing terminal such as an acrylic acid-based monomer
- an acrylic acid-based monomer is added to a polymerization system that is difficult to add and a block copolymer is not easily formed
- the alkenyl group will be added when the monomer is terminated. It may be easily added, and the yield of the block copolymer may be improved.
- these preferable monomers may be copolymerized with other monomers, and in such a case, it is preferable that these preferable monomers are contained at a weight ratio of 40%.
- (meth) acrylic acid means acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid.
- the timing of adding the polymer (I) to the living radical polymerization system is not particularly limited, but is preferably at the end of polymerization.
- the amount of the polymer (I) to be added is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that the number of growing ends of the living radical polymerization and the number of the terminals of the polymer (I) represented by the general formula 1 match.
- the polymer (I) may be added as it is, or may be added by dissolving it in a solvent that does not adversely affect the living radical polymerization.
- the timing of addition of the polymer (I) having an initiator group for atom transfer radical polymerization to the atom transfer radical polymerization system is not particularly limited, but optimization is required to produce a multiblock copolymer suitable for the purpose. is there.
- a method of adding as an initiator from the beginning of polymerization a method of adding during polymerization, a method of adding at the time of completion of polymerization, and a method of adding a radically polymerizable monomer at that time or thereafter again And so on.
- the terminating point of the polymerization is preferably a point in time at which 90% or more of the monomers have been polymerized, and more preferably a point in time at a rate of at least 99%.
- the amount of the polymer (I) having an initiator group for atom transfer radical polymerization to be added is not particularly limited, but the number of growing terminals of atom transfer radical polymerization and the initiator of atom transfer radical polymerization to which it is added are added.
- Atom transfer of polymer (I) having a group It is preferred that the number of initiator groups for radical polymerization be the same.
- the number of alkenyl terminals and growing terminals to be added is in principle as described above. It agrees, but when using other initiators, the growth end will be higher by that amount. Therefore, it is preferable to adjust the ratio according to the target multi-block copolymer.
- the following describes one of the polymerization systems for producing a block copolymer by adding the polymer (I), which is a living cationic polymerization.
- Living cationic polymerization is a polymerization method that suppresses the isomerization, chain transfer reaction, and termination reaction of growing carbene ions, which is a problem of cationic polymerization.Polymerization proceeds without apparent inactivation of the growth terminal. Is the polymerization that takes place.
- apparent includes, as in the case of the living radical polymerization described above, one in which the terminal is inactivated and one in which the activated one grows in an equilibrium state. Living force
- Higashimura et al. Macromolecules, 17, 265, 1984
- JP-A-62-48704 and JP-A-64-62308) obtained by polymerizing an olefin monomer such as isobutylene in combination with a Lewis acid using an organic carboxylic acid, an ester or an ether as an initiator. No.
- the living cationic polymerization for producing the target block copolymer by adding the polymer (I) is not limited, but the cationic polymerization is carried out in the presence of the compound represented by the following general formula 8. This is to polymerize a reactive monomer.
- R 1 3 is R 1 3 each monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon hydrogen or C, R 1 4 may be different even in the same, R 1 5 is a polyvalent aromatic hydrocarbon group or a polyvalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group, and n represents a natural number of 1 to 6.
- the monomer used in the living cationic polymerization of the present invention is not particularly limited, but monomers such as aliphatic olefins, aromatic vinyls, gens, vinyl ethers, silanes, vinylcarbazole, / 3-pinene, and acenaphthylene are exemplified. Can be illustrated. These are used alone or in combination of two or more. Specific examples of the monomer are shown below. Of these, isobutylene is preferred from the viewpoint of the physical properties of the resulting copolymer.
- Aliphatic olefin-based monomers include isobutylene, ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 2-methyl-1-butene, 3-methyl-1-butene, pentene, hexene, cyclohexene, and 4-methyl-1- Examples include pentene, vinylcyclohexene, octene, and norpolene.
- styrene, o-, m- or p-methylstyrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene 3-methylstyrene, 2,6-dimethylstyrene, 2,4-dimethylstyrene, ⁇ - Methyl-o-methylstyrene, ⁇ -methyl-m-methylstyrene, ⁇ -methyl-p-methylstyrene, 3-methyl- ⁇ -methylstyrene,] 3-methyl-m-methylstyrene, / 3-methyl-p-methylstyrene, 2, 4,6-trimethylstyrene, ⁇ -methyl-2,6-dimethylstyrene, polymethyl-2,4-dimethylstyrene,) 3-methyl-2,6-dimethylstyrene, ⁇ -methyl-2,4-dimethylstyrene, ⁇ —, m— or ⁇ -chlorostyrene,
- Gen-based monomers include butadiene, isoprene, cyclopentene, cyclohexene, dicyclopentene, divinylbenzene, ethylidene norporene, and the like.
- vinyl ether-based monomer examples include methyl vinyl ether, ethyl vinyl ether, (n-, iso) propyl vinyl ether, (nsec tert iso) butyl vinyl ether, methyl propyl ether, and ethyl propyl ether.
- silane compound examples include vinyltrichlorosilane, biermethyldichlorosilane, vinyldimethylchlorosilane, bierdimethylmethoxysilane, biertrimethylsilane, divinyldichlorosilane, divinyldimethoxysilane, divinyldimethylsilane, 1,3-divinyl-1 1,3,3- Examples include tetramethyldisiloxane, trivinylmethylsilane, ⁇ -methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and ⁇ -methacryloyloxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane. ⁇ Initiator of living cationic polymerization>
- the compound represented by the general formula 8 serves as an initiator and generates a carbon cation in the presence of a Lewis acid or the like, and is considered to be a starting point of cationic polymerization.
- Examples of the compound of the general formula 8 used in the present invention include the following compounds.
- a Lewis acid catalyst may be additionally used.
- a Lewis acid may be any even for the use in the cationic polymerization, T i C l 4, T i B r 4, BC l 3, BF 3 'BF 3' OE t 2.
- E t 2 a l C and organometallic halides such as E t a 1 C 1 2 can be suitably used.
- T i C l 4, BC l 3, S nC l 4 is preferred.
- the amount of the Lewis acid to be used is not particularly limited, but can be set in consideration of the polymerization characteristics or polymerization concentration of the monomer used. Usually, it can be used in an amount of 0.1 to 100 molar equivalents, preferably 1 to 60 molar equivalents, based on the compound represented by the general formula 8. Electron Donor Component for Living Cationic Polymerization>
- an electron donor component can be further added, if necessary.
- This electron donor component is considered to have an effect of stabilizing the growing carbon cation during cation polymerization,
- the addition of an electron donor produces a polymer with a controlled structure with a narrow molecular weight distribution.
- usable electron donor components are not particularly limited, examples thereof include pyridines, amines, amides, sulfoxides, esters, and metal compounds having an oxygen atom bonded to a metal atom. .
- halogenated hydrocarbons such as methyl chloride, dichloromethane, chloroform, chlorochloride, dichloroethane, n-propyl chloride, n-butyl chloride, and cyclobenzene; benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, and benzene Alkylbenzenes such as pyrbenzene and butylbenzene; linear aliphatic hydrocarbons such as ethane, propane, butane, pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, nonane and decane; 2-methylpropane, 2-methylbutane, 2 Branched aliphatic hydrocarbons such as 2,3,3-trimethylpentane, 2,2,5-trimethylhexan
- a mixed solvent of toluene is preferred from the viewpoint of environmental safety and polymer properties.
- primary and / or secondary monohalogenated hydrocarbons having 3 to 8 carbon atoms can be suitably used. Specific examples of this include, for example, 1-chloro-propane, 1-chloro-mouth 2-methylpropane, 1-chlorobutane, 1-chloro-mouth 2-methylbutane, 1-chloro-mouth 3-methylbutane, 1-chlorobutane — 2,2-Dimethylbutane, 1-chloro-1,3-dimethylbutane, 1-chloro-1,2,3-dimethylbutane, 1-chloropentane, 1-chloro-1,2-methylpentane, 1-chloro Mouth 3 _ Tan, 1-chloro- mouth 4-methylpentane, 1-chloro-mouth hexane, 1-chloro-mouth 2-methylhexane, 1-chloro-mouth 3-methylhexane, 1-chloro-4
- solvents are used alone or in combination of two or more in consideration of the balance between the polymerization characteristics of the monomers constituting the block copolymer and the solubility of the resulting polymer.
- the amount of the solvent used is determined so that the concentration of the polymer is 1 to 50 wt%, preferably 5 to 35 wt% in consideration of the viscosity of the obtained polymer solution and ease of heat removal. .
- the components are mixed under cooling, for example, at a temperature of 100 ° C. or more and less than 0 ° C.
- a particularly preferred temperature range is from 130 ° C to 180 ° C.
- the produced block copolymer can be a multi-block copolymer.
- the group serving as an initiator group for the living cation polymerization of the polymer (I) is not limited, but is preferably a group represented by the general formula 2.
- Ar is an aryl group which may have a substituent
- R 2 is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
- X is chlorine, bromine, or iodine.
- the timing of adding the polymer (I) to the living cationic polymerization system is not particularly limited, but is preferably at the end of polymerization.
- the polymer (I) has a cationic active halogen group at the terminal depending on the production method. For example, a case where atom transfer radical polymerization is carried out using aryl halide as an initiator to produce a polymer (I) can be mentioned. In this case, cationic polymerization may start from this portion. Therefore, even if disfavoring it, the addition is preferably at the end of the polymerization and has almost no monomer.
- the amount of the polymer (I) to be added is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that the number of growing terminals in living cationic polymerization and the number of alkenyl groups of the polymer (I) match. It may be added as it is, or may be added after being dissolved in a solvent that does not adversely affect the living cationic polymerization.
- the timing of adding the polymer (I) having a living cationic polymerization initiator group to the living cationic polymerization system is not particularly limited, but optimization is required to produce a multiblock copolymer suitable for the purpose.
- a method of adding as an initiator from the beginning of polymerization a method of adding during polymerization, a method of adding at the time of completion of polymerization, and a method of adding a cationically polymerizable monomer at that time or again thereafter.
- the terminating point of the polymerization is preferably a point in time when 90% or more of the monomers have been polymerized, and more preferably a point in time when 99% or more.
- the polymerization method for producing the polymer (I) is not particularly limited. It is synthesized by various polymerizations such as anion polymerization, cation polymerization, radical polymerization, coordination polymerization, group transfer polymerization, condensation polymerization, and ring opening polymerization. Above all, it is preferable to control the molecular weight and the molecular weight distribution, and therefore, living polymerization such as living anion polymerization, living cationic polymerization, and living radical polymerization is preferable. Among them, although not limited, living cationic polymerization and living radical polymerization are preferable, living radical polymerization is more preferable, and atom transfer radical polymerization is particularly preferable. ⁇ Overview of main chain of polymer (I)>
- Various methods for introducing an alkenyl group into a polymer can be used.However, the method can be roughly classified into a method of introducing an alkenyl group after polymerization and a method of introducing an alkenyl group during polymerization. Can be.
- a method of introducing an alkenyl group after polymerization for example, an organic polymer having a functional group such as a hydroxyl group or an alkoxide group at a terminal, main chain, or side chain may be prepared by adding an active group and an alkenyl group having reactivity to the above functional group.
- An alkenyl group can be introduced into the terminal, main chain or side chain by reacting an organic compound having a group.
- Unsaturated fatty acid substituted carbonate halide aryl chloride, aryl bromide, vinyl (chloromethyl) benzene, aryl (chloromethyl) benzene, vinyl (bromomethyl) benzene, aryl (promomethyl) benzene, aryl (chloromethyl)
- Examples include ether, aryl (chloromethoxy) benzene, 1-butenyl (chloromethyl) ether, 11-hexenyl (chloromethoxy) benzene, aryloxy (chloromethyl) benzene and the like.
- an alkenyl group during the polymerization for example, when polymerizing by a radical polymerization method, a vinyl monomer having an alkenyl group having low radical polymerization in a molecule such as aryl methacrylate or aryl acrylate, By using a radical chain transfer agent having an alkenyl group having low radical reactivity such as aryl mercaptan, an alkenyl group can be introduced into the main chain or terminal of the polymer.
- a radical chain transfer agent having an alkenyl group having low radical reactivity such as aryl mercaptan
- an alkenyl group preferably a group represented by the general formula 1
- various methods that have been proposed can be used.
- a vinyl polymer produced mainly by atom transfer radical polymerization will be specifically exemplified and described, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- Other polymers can be synthesized using a generally known method, and a method of converting a hydroxyl group among the methods described below can also be used.
- [A] A method in which an alkylene group is directly introduced into the polymer main chain when a vinyl polymer is synthesized by radical polymerization.
- [B] A method of using a vinyl polymer having at least one halogen and substituting the halogen with an alkenyl group-containing functional group.
- [C] A method of using a vinyl polymer having at least one hydroxyl group and substituting the hydroxyl group with an alkenyl group-containing functional group.
- the method for introducing an alkenyl group directly into the polymer main chain in the above-mentioned synthesis method [A] is not particularly limited, but specific examples include the methods [A_a] to [A-b] described below. Can be.
- R 1 is the same as above, and may be the same or different.
- R 16 is one C (O) O— (ester group), or o—, m_ or p-phenyl.
- R 17 represents a direct bond or a divalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have one or more ether bonds, and R 16 is an ester group represented by (meth).
- Acrylate-based compounds in which R 16 is a phenylene group are styrene-based compounds.
- R 17 in the general formula 9 examples include, but are not particularly limited to, alkylene groups such as methylene, ethylene, and propylene; o—, m—, p-phenylene groups; aralkyl groups such as benzyl groups; Examples include alkylene groups containing an ether bond such as 2 CH 2 — ⁇ —CH 2 — and 1 O—CH 2 —.
- the following compounds are preferable in that they are easily available.
- n an integer of 0 to 20.
- n represents an integer of 1 to 20
- m represents an integer of 0 to 20.
- C 6 H 4 represents a phenylene group.
- the timing of reacting the compound having both the polymerizable alkenyl group and the low polymerizable alkenyl group is not particularly limited, but in living radical polymerization, at the end of the polymerization reaction or after completion of the reaction of a predetermined monomer, It is preferable to react as a second monomer.
- Such a compound is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a compound represented by the general formula 10.
- R 1 is the same as above, and may be the same or different from each other.
- R 18 represents a divalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may contain one or more ether bonds.
- the compound represented by the general formula 10 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1,5-hexadiene, 1,7-octadiene, or 1,9-decadiene because of easy availability.
- the alkenyl group introduced per molecule is preferable because the control of the group is easier.
- the halogen-terminated vinyl polymer is preferably synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization.
- the method of substituting the alkenyl group-containing functional group for the halogen in the polymer is not particularly limited, and specific examples thereof include the following methods [Ba] to [Bd].
- [B-a] A method in which a halogen-terminated vinyl polymer is reacted with various kinds of organometallic compounds having an alkenyl group to replace the halogen.
- organometallic compound examples include organic lithium, organic sodium, organic potassium, organic magnesium, organic tin, organic gayne, organic zinc, organic copper, and the like.
- organotin and organocopper compounds are preferred in that they selectively react with halogens at the growing terminal of atom transfer radical polymerization and have low reactivity with carbonyl groups.
- the organotin compound having an alkenyl group is not particularly limited, but is preferably a compound represented by the following general formula 11:
- H 2 C C (R 1 ) C (R 19 ) (R 20 ) S n (R 21 ) 3 (1 1)
- R 19 and R 2Q are hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, or an aralkyl having 7 to 10 carbon atoms.
- R 21 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group, or an aralkyl group.
- organotin compound represented by the general formula 11 examples include aryltributyltin, aryltrimethyltin, aryltri (n-octyl) tin, and aryltri (cyclohexyl) tin.
- organic copper compound having an alkenyl group examples include lithium lithium vinyl, lithium lithium diaryl, lithium lithium diisopropylamine, and the like. It is.
- R 22 represents a divalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may contain one or more ether bonds.
- R 23 and R 24 represent electron withdrawing group stabilizing the carbanion C- to together or one, represents an alkyl group or a phenylene Le group other it is 1 to hydrogen or carbon atoms 1 0 above electron withdrawing group.
- electronic R 23 and R 24 The attraction groups include — C0 2 R (ester group), — C ( ⁇ ) R (keto group), one CON (R 2 ) (amide group), — COS R (thioester group), — CN (nitrile group) ) one N_ ⁇ 2 (nitro group).
- the substituent R is an alkyl group of from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, in ⁇ aralkyl group ⁇ Li Ichiru group or a carbon number from 7 to 20 carbon number 6-20 And preferably an alkyl group or a phenyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, wherein R 23 and R 24 include _CO 2 R, -C (O) R and one CN M + represents an alkali metal ion or a quaternary ammonium ion.)
- Alkali metal ions include lithium ion, sodium ion, and potassium ion
- quaternary ammonium ions include tetramethylammonium ion, tetraethylammonium ion, trimethylbenzylammonium ion, and trimethyldodecylammonium ion.
- Pumion, tetrabutylammonium ion and the like are specific examples.
- the carbanion represented by the above general formula 12 can be obtained by reacting a basic compound with a precursor thereof to extract an active proton.
- Examples of the precursor compound of the carbanion of the general formula 12 include the following compounds.
- H 2 C CH— CH (C ⁇ 2 CH 3 ) 2
- H 2 C CH— CH (C0 2 C 2 H 5 ) 2
- H 2 C CH- (CH 2 ) n CH (C ⁇ 2 CH 3 ) 2
- H 2 C CH- (CH 2 ) n CH (C 0 2 C 2 H 5 ) 2
- p—H 2 C CH—C 6 H 4 — CH (C0 2 C H 3 ) 2
- pH 2 C CH-C 6 H 4 -CH (C ⁇ 2 C 2 H 5 ) 2
- o-, m-, p -H 2 C CH-C 6 H 4 -CH 2 CH (C0 2 CH 3 ) 2
- o-, m-, -H 2 C CH-C 6 H 4 -CH 2 CH (C0 2 CH 3 ) 2
- o-, m-, -H 2 C CH-C 6 H 4 -CH 2 CH (C0 2 CH 3 ) 2
- n an integer of 1 to 10.
- Alkali metals such as sodium, potassium and lithium; metal alkoxides such as sodium methoxide, potassium methoxide, lithium methoxide, sodium ethoxide, potassium ethoxide, lithium ethoxide, sodium tert-butoxide, potassium tert-butoxide; carbonic acid Sodium, potassium carbonate Carbonates such as sodium carbonate, lithium carbonate and sodium hydrogencarbonate; hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide; hydrides such as sodium hydride, potassium hydride, methyllithium and ethyllithium; n-butyllithium; Organic metals such as tert-butyllithium, lithium diisopropylamide, and lithium hexamethyldisilazide; ammonia; polyamines such as amines such as trimethylamine, triethylamine, and triptylamine; pyridine compounds such as pyridine and picoline;
- the amount of the basic compound used may be an equivalent amount or a small excess amount relative to the precursor, and is preferably 1 to 1.2 equivalents.
- Quaternary ammonium salts can also be used as the above carbanions. In this case, it can be obtained by preparing an alkali metal salt of a carboxylic acid compound and reacting it with a quaternary ammonium halide.
- the quaternary ammonium halide include tetramethylammonium octylide, tetraethylammonium halide, toid, and tetrabutylammonium halide.
- solvent used when the precursor compound and the basic compound are reacted include, for example, hydrocarbon solvents such as benzene and toluene; dimethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, diphenyl ether, anisol and dimethoxy.
- Ether solvents such as benzene; halogenated hydrocarbon solvents such as methylene chloride and chloroform; ketone solvents such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone; methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, n-butyl Alcohol solvents such as alcohols and tert-butyl alcohol; nitrile solvents such as acetonitrile, propionitrile and benzonitrile; ester solvents such as ethyl acetate and butyl acetate; ethylene solvents such as ponitol and propylene carbonate; Ponate solvents; Amide solvents such as dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide; sulfoxide solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide; These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a forceurbanion represented by the general formula 12 is prepared and reacted with a halogen-terminated vinyl polymer.
- a vinyl polymer having an alkenyl group at a terminal can be obtained.
- [B-c] A method of reacting a halogen-terminated vinyl polymer with a simple metal or an organometallic compound to form an enolate anion, followed by a reaction with an electrophilic compound having an alkenyl group.
- Zinc is particularly preferable as the metal simple substance because zinc is less likely to cause a side reaction such that the generated enolate anion attacks or transfers another ester group.
- Various compounds can be used as the electrophilic compound having a alkenyl group.
- an alkenyl group-containing compound having a leaving group such as a halogen acetyl group, a carbonyl compound having a alkenyl group, an isocyanate compound having an alkenyl group, an acid halide having an alkenyl group, and the like. is there.
- an alkenyl group-containing compound having a leaving group such as a halogen acetyl group is preferable because atoms other than carbon are not introduced into the main chain and the weather resistance of the vinyl polymer is not lost.
- the precursor compounds of the oxyanion represented by the general formulas 13 and 14 include the following compounds:
- an alkenyl group can be introduced at a high ratio. Therefore, an atom transfer radical polymerization method using an organic halide or a sulfonyl halide compound as an initiator and a transition metal complex as a catalyst is used. A method of introducing an alkenyl group by converting the halogen of a halogen-terminated vinyl polymer obtained by the method according to the method [Bd] is preferred. Among the methods of [Bd], a method of reacting an alkenyl group-containing carboxylate anion represented by General Formula 14 or the like is more preferable.
- the method for substituting the hydroxyl group with an alkenyl group-containing functional group by using a vinyl polymer having a hydroxyl group at the terminal in the above-mentioned synthesis method [C] is not particularly limited. a] to [C—d].
- the vinyl polymer having a hydroxyl group at the terminal can be obtained by the following methods [D-a] to [D-f].
- [C-a] A method in which a base such as sodium hydroxide or sodium methoxide is allowed to act on a hydroxyl group of a vinyl polymer having a hydroxyl group at a terminal, and then reacted with an alkenyl group-containing halide such as aryl chloride. .
- [C-b] A method in which a vinyl polymer having a hydroxyl group at a terminal is reacted with an alkenyl group-containing isocyanate compound such as allyl isocyanate.
- [C-c] A method of reacting a hydroxyl-terminated vinyl polymer with an alkenyl group-containing acid halide such as (meth) acrylic acid chloride in the presence of a base such as pyridine.
- an alkenyl group-containing acid halide such as (meth) acrylic acid chloride
- Examples of the method for producing the hydroxyl-terminated vinyl polymer used in the method [C] include the following methods [D-a] to [D-; f], but are not limited to these methods. It is not specified.
- reaction is carried out as a second monomer.
- H 2 C C (R 1 ) _R 18 — OH (16)
- the compound represented by the general formula 16 is not particularly limited, but alkenyl alcohols such as 10-indesenol, 5-hexenol, and aryl alcohol are preferred because they are easily available.
- [D-d] A method in which a halogen-substituted polymer is obtained by reacting a stabilized carbanion having a hydroxyl group as shown in the general formula 17 with a Bier polymer having a carbon-halogen bond at a terminal obtained by atom transfer radical polymerization.
- Enolate anion is prepared by reacting a vinyl polymer having a carbon-halogen bond at the terminal obtained by atom transfer radical polymerization with a simple metal such as zinc or an organometallic compound. A method of reacting aldehydes or ketones later.
- a halogen-terminated vinyl polymer is reacted with a hydroxyl-containing oxyanion represented by the following general formula 18 or the like or a hydroxyl-containing ethoxylate represented by the following general formula 19 or the like. And substituting the halogen with a hydroxyl group-containing substituent.
- initiator group for atom transfer radical polymerization refers to an initiator group having the structure of an initiator described in detail in the above description of atom transfer radical polymerization, and is preferably a group represented by the general formula 2 or 3 or the like. Benzyl halide group, sulfonyl halide group and the like.
- Ar is an aryl group which may have a substituent
- R 2 is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
- X is chlorine, bromine or iodine.
- Ar is an aryl group which may have a substituent
- R 2 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- R is an organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
- X is chlorine, bromine, or iodine.
- the group represented by the general formula 2 or 3 is preferably a styrene monomer or an acryl monomer by atom transfer radical polymerization. It is obtained as a growing terminal when a monomer is polymerized.
- this initiator group when converted to introduce an alkenyl group, a polymer having growing ends at both ends is produced by a method such as using a bifunctional initiator. However, there is a method of converting one of the terminals into an alkenyl group.
- the method for producing the above-mentioned polymer (I) is not limited, but a preferable method is to carry out atom transfer radical polymerization using an initiator having a functional group, and when the functional group is an alkenyl group, it is used as it is. In the case other than alkenyl, it is a method of converting into an alkenyl group. As an example, the method of Pollymer. J. 30, 138 (1998) can be mentioned.
- an aryl halide as an initiator.
- the group represented by the general formula 2 can be used as an initiator group for living cationic polymerization, and the polymer produced by the above-described production method is used as a living cationic polymerization initiator in a living cation polymerization system.
- the polymer (I) having a base group may be added for use in a method for producing a multi-block copolymer.
- the polymer (I) produced by living cationic polymerization is preferably selected from the group consisting of a styrene-based polymer, an isobutylene-based polymer, a polyether-based polymer, and a vinyl ether-based polymer. ⁇ Terminal functional group introduction>
- JP-A-63-105005. By reacting the polymer obtained immediately after or obtained by the living cationic polymerization of the inifer method with aryltrimethylsilane, a polymer having an aryl group at the terminal is obtained.
- JP-A-4-288309 By adding a non-conjugated diene such as 1,7-octane diene to the living cation polymerization system of the inifer method, a polymer having an aryl group at the terminal is obtained.
- a non-conjugated diene such as 1,7-octane diene
- X is a halogen atom such as a chlorine atom or an iodine atom
- a divalent hydrocarbon group of the formulas 1 to 20, and preferred specific examples include an alkylene group, a cycloalkylene group, an arylene group, and an aralkylene group.
- R 2 7 is 1 to the number of carbon atoms: the hydrocarbon group of L 0) 2-valent group selected from are particularly preferred.
- the saturated hydrocarbon polymer having a terminal alkenyl group is produced by reacting the organic halogen compound represented by the formula (1).
- a saturated hydrocarbon polymer having a terminal alkenyl group and having substantially the same molecular weight as the terminal hydroxy saturated hydrocarbon polymer used as a starting material can be obtained.
- a polyvalent compound containing two or more halogen atoms in one molecule such as methylene chloride, bis (chloromethyl) benzene, bis (chloromethyl) ether, etc.
- the molecular weight can be increased.
- hydrogenated polybutadiene having a higher molecular weight and having an alkenyl group at the end can be obtained.
- a polymer can be obtained.
- the organic octalogen compound represented by the general formula 20 include, for example, aryl chloride, aryl bromide, vinyl (chloromethyl) benzene, aryl (chloromethyl) benzene, aryl (bromomethyl) benzene, aryl (chloromethyl) benzene.
- aryl chloride is preferred because it is inexpensive and easily reacts.
- the initiator group for living cationic polymerization has a structure of an initiator described in detail in the above description of living cationic polymerization, and is not limited, but is preferably a group represented by the general formula 2. And so on.
- Ar is an aryl group which may have a substituent
- R 2 is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
- X is chlorine, bromine or iodine.
- the method of introducing an initiator group for this living cationic polymerization is not limited, but it is possible to use the terminal of the polymer produced by living cationic polymerization, the above-described method by atom transfer radical polymerization, the above-mentioned reaction such as hydrosilylation reaction, etc.
- the structure of the block copolymer of the present invention is not particularly limited. However, as described below, the polymer (I) and a living radical polymerization or a living cation polymerization (herein abbreviated as living CZR polymerization) to which the polymer (I) is added are added. being classified.
- living CZR polymerization a living radical polymerization or a living cation polymerization
- the block copolymer of the present invention can be used for applications equivalent to existing thermoplastic elastomers. Specifically, it is used for modifying resins and asphalts, for compounding resins and blocks (plasticizers, fillers, and stabilizers may be added as necessary), and for anti-shrinkage agents for thermosetting resins It can be used as a base polymer for adhesives, adhesives and vibration damping materials. Specific application fields include automotive interior and exterior parts, electric and electronic fields, food packaging films and tubes, pharmaceutical and medical containers, and sealable articles.
- the block copolymer of the present invention can be used as a molding material as a resin having impact resistance by itself, but when used in combination with various thermoplastic resins and thermosetting resins, these resins have a high degree of performance.
- it can be used as a processability improver, a compatibilizer, an anti-glare agent, and a heat resistance improver.
- Examples of the method of adding the block copolymer of the present invention to various resins include a method of mechanically mixing and shaping into pellets using a known device such as a Banbury mixer, a roll mill, or a twin-screw extruder. be able to. Extruded and shaped pellets can be molded in a wide temperature range, and ordinary molding machines such as injection molding machines, blow molding machines, and extrusion molding machines are used for molding.
- the resin composition may contain, if necessary, an impact modifier, a stabilizer, a plasticizer, a lubricant, a flame retardant, a pigment, a filler, and the like.
- an impact modifier such as methyl methacrylate-tobutadiene-styrene copolymer (MBS resin), an acrylic graft copolymer, an acrylic-silicone composite rubber-based graft copolymer, etc .
- MBS resin methyl methacrylate-tobutadiene-styrene copolymer
- acrylic graft copolymer an acrylic-silicone composite rubber-based graft copolymer, etc .
- triphenyl phosphite Lubricants such as polyethylene wax and polypropylene wax
- Phosphate flame retardants such as triphenyl phosphate and tricresyl phosphate
- bromine flame retardants such as decab-mouth mobiphenyl and decab-mouth m
- number average molecular weight and “molecular weight distribution (ratio of weight average molecular weight to number average molecular weight)" were calculated by a standard polystyrene conversion method using gel permeation chromatography (GPC). However, a GPC column packed with a polystyrene cross-linked gel was used, and a gel form was used as a GPC solvent.
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- the reaction mixture was diluted with 20 OmL of toluene and passed through an activated alumina column. After the polymer was purified by repeating reprecipitation from methanol, the polymer was dried by heating under reduced pressure. The number average molecular weight of the polymer was 3,360, and the molecular weight distribution was 1.23. NMR confirmed that the number of alkenyl groups at one end was the same as the number of bromine groups at the other end.
- the number average molecular weight of the polymer was 5,880, and the molecular weight distribution was 1.27. NMR confirmed that the number of alkenyl groups at one end was the same as the number of chlorine groups at the other end
- a polymer [1] (10 g), potassium methylate (0.417 mg), and dimethylformamide (10 mL) were charged into a 10-OmL three-necked flask equipped with a reflux tube, and heated and stirred at 70 ° C for 1 hour under a nitrogen stream. .
- the formation of polystyrene-polybutyl acrylate multiblock copolymer was confirmed. The reaction formula of this reaction is shown below.
- alkenyl-terminated PEA (9.85 g, 0.87 1 mmo number average molecular weight 1 1300, molecular weight distribution 1.26, alkenyl group introduction rate based on number average molecular weight 2.33) and Pentamethylmethylentriamine (20 L, 0.0958 mmo 1) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 70 ° C. for 420 minutes. At this time, the consumption rate of butyl acrylate was 98% by GC measurement. After the mixture was treated with activated alumina, volatiles were distilled off by heating under reduced pressure to obtain a pale yellow polymer.
- T i C l 4 as a catalyst
- an electron donor - used as ⁇ - picoline, - 70 ° C under a nitrogen atmosphere was used to polymerize isoptylene.
- heat of polymerization was observed.
- the polymerization of isobutylene is completed, the polymer [2] The mixture was added and further reacted.
- Polyoxypropylene glycol having an average molecular weight of 3000 and powdered caustic soda were stirred at 60 ° C, and a reaction was performed by adding bromochloromethane to increase the molecular weight.
- aryl chloride was added, and the terminal was subjected to aryl etherification at 110 ° C. This was treated with aluminum silicate to synthesize a purified terminal aryl etherified polyoxypropylene.
- the average molecular weight of this polyester was 7960, and 92% of the terminals were olefin groups (0.023 lmo 1/100 g) based on the iodine value.
- the viscosity measured by an E-type viscometer was 130 boys (40 ° C).
- VPO measurement Average molecular weight (VPO measurement) 2500
- n-butyl acrylate 1 1 5.72 g, methyl methacrylate 60.00 g, aryl methacrylate 20.16 g, n-dodecyl mercaptan 6.46 g, azobisisobutyronitrile 2.O g, toluene
- a toluene solution of 40 OmL of the acrylate ester monomer was dropped into the flask in which 5 OmL of toluene was refluxed from a dropping funnel under a nitrogen atmosphere over about 2 hours. After the completion of the dropwise addition, the reaction was further performed for 2 hours. The reaction solution was evaporated and further dried under reduced pressure at 80 ° C.
- a liquefied gas sampling tube made of pressure-resistant glass with a needle valve containing 12.8 g of isobutylene dehydrated by passing through a column filled with barium oxide was connected to a three-way cock. It was immersed in a dry ice-acetone bath at 70 ° C and cooled for 1 hour while stirring the inside of the polymerization vessel. After cooling, the internal pressure was reduced by a vacuum line, then the needle valve was opened, and isobutylene was introduced into the polymerization vessel from a pressure-resistant glass liquefied gas sampling tube. Thereafter, the pressure was returned to normal pressure by flowing nitrogen from one of the three-way cocks. Further, cooling was continued for 1 hour with stirring, and the temperature in the polymerization vessel was raised to 170 ° C.
- a liquefied gas collection tube made of pressure-resistant glass with a needle valve containing 224 g of isobutylene dehydrated by passing through a column filled with barium oxide was connected to a three-way cock, and the container body was cooled to -70 °. C was immersed in a dry ice-acetone bath and cooled for 1 hour while stirring the inside of the polymerization vessel. After cooling, the internal pressure was reduced by a vacuum line, then the needle valve was opened, and isobutylene was introduced into the polymerization vessel from a pressure-resistant glass liquefied gas sampling tube. Thereafter, the pressure was returned to normal pressure by flowing nitrogen from one of the three-way cocks, cooling was further continued for 1 hour with stirring, and the temperature in the polymerization vessel was raised to 170 ° C.
- the polymer thus obtained was again dissolved in n-hexane, washed three times with pure water, and then the solvent was distilled off to obtain an aryl-terminated isoptylene-based polymer.
- a block copolymer in which these various polymers are easily bonded can be obtained.
- a polymer having an initiator group and an alkenyl group for living radical polymerization or living cationic polymerization is used, a multiblock copolymer can be easily obtained.
- living polymerization is used, a block copolymer having a well-controlled structure can be obtained.
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Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA002294731A CA2294731C (en) | 1998-04-28 | 1999-04-28 | Block copolymer |
EP99917208A EP0992519B1 (en) | 1998-04-28 | 1999-04-28 | Block copolymer |
US09/446,521 US7056983B2 (en) | 1998-04-28 | 1999-04-28 | Block copolymer |
DE69921265T DE69921265T2 (de) | 1998-04-28 | 1999-04-28 | Blockcopolymer |
Applications Claiming Priority (14)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP10/119291 | 1998-04-28 | ||
JP11929198 | 1998-04-28 | ||
JP10/147809 | 1998-05-28 | ||
JP14780998 | 1998-05-28 | ||
JP10/151571 | 1998-06-01 | ||
JP15157198 | 1998-06-01 | ||
JP20732998 | 1998-07-23 | ||
JP10/207329 | 1998-07-23 | ||
JP10/207328 | 1998-07-23 | ||
JP20732898 | 1998-07-23 | ||
JP23442898 | 1998-08-20 | ||
JP10/234428 | 1998-08-20 | ||
JP10/306233 | 1998-10-28 | ||
JP30623398 | 1998-10-28 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO1999055751A1 true WO1999055751A1 (fr) | 1999-11-04 |
Family
ID=27565870
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP1999/002273 WO1999055751A1 (fr) | 1998-04-28 | 1999-04-28 | Copolymere bloc |
Country Status (5)
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US (1) | US7056983B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0992519B1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2294731C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69921265T2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1999055751A1 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
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WO2001060912A2 (en) * | 2000-02-17 | 2001-08-23 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Pressure processable polymer compositions |
US6479425B1 (en) | 2000-08-18 | 2002-11-12 | Exxonmobile Research And Engineering Company | Late transition metal complexes, their use as catalysts and polymers therefrom |
US6506859B1 (en) | 2000-08-18 | 2003-01-14 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Polymerization using late transition metal catalyst complexes formed in situ |
US7538157B2 (en) | 2003-01-07 | 2009-05-26 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Structured baroplastic materials |
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WO2000071588A1 (fr) * | 1998-04-27 | 2000-11-30 | Kaneka Corporation | Polymere d'hydrocarbure sature possedant un groupe hydroxyle primaire a une extremite et son procede de production |
GB9912073D0 (en) * | 1999-05-24 | 1999-07-21 | Unilever Plc | Polysiloxane block copolymers in topical cosmetic and personal care compositions |
TWI221851B (en) * | 2000-04-05 | 2004-10-11 | Kaneka Corp | Vibration damper composition |
US6809058B2 (en) | 2001-08-28 | 2004-10-26 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Multi-dentate late transition metal catalyst complexes and polymerization methods using those complexes |
CN1607934A (zh) * | 2001-09-13 | 2005-04-20 | 三菱化学株式会社 | 化妆品用树脂组合物及其化妆品 |
AU2003211925A1 (en) * | 2002-02-13 | 2003-09-04 | Kaneka Corporation | Block copolymer |
GB0207742D0 (en) * | 2002-04-03 | 2002-05-15 | Unilever Plc | Fabric care composition |
US20030195610A1 (en) * | 2002-04-04 | 2003-10-16 | Herrmann Robert A. | Processes for producing polymer coatings through surface polymerization |
GB0306820D0 (en) * | 2003-03-25 | 2003-04-30 | Ici Plc | Polymerisation of ethylenically unsaturated monomers |
DE102005045458A1 (de) * | 2005-09-22 | 2007-03-29 | Röhm Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von ABA-Triblockcopolymeren auf (Meth)acrylatbasis |
KR101512496B1 (ko) * | 2007-07-06 | 2015-04-15 | 마루젠 세끼유가가꾸 가부시키가이샤 | Aba형 삼중블록 공중합체 및 그 제조방법 |
WO2011067198A1 (en) * | 2009-12-02 | 2011-06-09 | Basf Se | Use of metal complexes as oxygen absorber/scavenger elements for packaging applications |
CN106633277A (zh) * | 2009-12-02 | 2017-05-10 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 光敏分子和金属配合物作为氧清除剂成分的用途 |
CN103717719B (zh) * | 2011-05-24 | 2016-06-15 | 路博润公司 | 包含聚(异丁烯)/聚(乙烯基芳烃)嵌段共聚物的润滑组合物 |
WO2014152573A1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-25 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Acrylic block copolymers |
CN117700883B (zh) * | 2023-12-25 | 2024-05-10 | 合肥科拜尔新材料股份有限公司 | 一种低收缩高光泽耐温型pp复合材料及其制备方法 |
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TW593347B (en) | 1997-03-11 | 2004-06-21 | Univ Carnegie Mellon | Improvements in atom or group transfer radical polymerization |
AU3632300A (en) * | 1999-03-18 | 2000-10-04 | California Institute Of Technology | Novel aba triblock and diblock copolymers and methods of preparing the same |
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- 1999-04-28 WO PCT/JP1999/002273 patent/WO1999055751A1/ja active IP Right Grant
- 1999-04-28 DE DE69921265T patent/DE69921265T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-04-28 EP EP99917208A patent/EP0992519B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-04-28 US US09/446,521 patent/US7056983B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-04-28 CA CA002294731A patent/CA2294731C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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JPS52144086A (en) * | 1976-05-27 | 1977-12-01 | Cpc International Inc | Synthesis of giant molecule monomer of gradually changing block and copolymerization thereof |
JPH02124914A (ja) * | 1988-07-22 | 1990-05-14 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | ブロック共重合体及びその製造方法 |
JP7059601B2 (ja) * | 2017-12-06 | 2022-04-26 | 株式会社リコー | 液体を吐出する装置および液体吐出ヘッドのリフレッシュ方法 |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2001060912A2 (en) * | 2000-02-17 | 2001-08-23 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Pressure processable polymer compositions |
WO2001060912A3 (en) * | 2000-02-17 | 2002-01-31 | Massachusetts Inst Technology | Pressure processable polymer compositions |
US6632883B2 (en) | 2000-02-17 | 2003-10-14 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Baroplastic materials |
US6479425B1 (en) | 2000-08-18 | 2002-11-12 | Exxonmobile Research And Engineering Company | Late transition metal complexes, their use as catalysts and polymers therefrom |
US6506859B1 (en) | 2000-08-18 | 2003-01-14 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Polymerization using late transition metal catalyst complexes formed in situ |
US7538157B2 (en) | 2003-01-07 | 2009-05-26 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Structured baroplastic materials |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7056983B2 (en) | 2006-06-06 |
US20030166786A1 (en) | 2003-09-04 |
CA2294731A1 (en) | 1999-11-04 |
EP0992519A4 (en) | 2001-04-11 |
DE69921265D1 (de) | 2004-11-25 |
EP0992519A1 (en) | 2000-04-12 |
EP0992519B1 (en) | 2004-10-20 |
DE69921265T2 (de) | 2005-12-01 |
CA2294731C (en) | 2008-04-01 |
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