Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
  • A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
  • A61K31/20—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having a carboxyl group bound to a chain of seven or more carbon atoms, e.g. stearic, palmitic, arachidic acids
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
  • A61P1/04—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for ulcers, gastritis or reflux esophagitis, e.g. antacids, inhibitors of acid secretion, mucosal protectants
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
  • A61P3/06—Antihyperlipidemics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
  • A61P7/02—Antithrombotic agents; Anticoagulants; Platelet aggregation inhibitors
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
  • A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis

Definitions

• This invention relates to a new mixture of primary fatty acids of high molecular weight of 24 to 38 carbon atoms, especially those from 26 to 36 carbon atoms, and more especially those with straight chains of 26,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35 and 36 carbon atoms.
• This mixture shows a relative composition of the fatty acids which is highly reproducible from batch to batch.
• the mixture can be extracted from sugar cane (Saccaru officinarum, L.) wax, and can be used for the treatment of type II hypercholesterolemia, as antiplatelet agent, as anti-thromotic, as anti-ischemic agent as well as protective and/or curative agent against gastric ulcers.
• the present invention is related mainly with the pharmaceutical industry, particularly with the development of pharmaceutical formulations with specific properties, because them could be used as hypocholesterolaemic and hypolypoproteinaemic, antiplatelet, anti-thrombotic, anti-ischemic drugs as well as in the prevention of gastric and duodenal ulcers induced by different agents.
• These ormulations contains, as active principle, a natural mixture of primary fatty acids of high molecular weight ranging from 24 to 38 carbon atoms, especially those ranging from 26 to 36 carbon atoms and more especially those of straight chain of 26, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 and 36 carbon atoms, obtained from sugar cane wax (named M.F.A.S .C. . ) .
• Drugs with specific pharmacological properties based in the uses of primary fatty acids of high molecular weight (from 26 to 36 carbon atoms) obtained from vegetable or animal waxes as active principles has not been reported previously, but it is known that primary fatty alcohols of high molecular weight obtained from sugar cane wax shows the same pharmacological properties.
• EP patent 0 488 928 A2 is claimed a mixture of fatty alcohols of high molecular weight for the treatment of hypercholesterolaemia and hyperlypoproteinaemia type II that, also, in patent WO 94/07830 is claimed the use of the same mixture as antiplatelet agent, anti-ischemic, anti-thrombotic as well as in the prevention of gastric and duodenal ulcers induced by different agents.
• the procedure for the obtention of this mixture of primary fatty acids of high molecular weight in the present invention is based in an homogeneous saponification of sugar cane wax with concentrated solutions of alkaline and earth-alkaline hydroxides, especially those of low molecular weight and more especially those of sodium, potassium and calcium.
• concentration of the alkaline solution must be such that the ratio in weight of the corresponding hydroxide with that of the wax to be processed must be over 5 % on, especially from 8 to 25 % and more especially from 15 to 25 % .
• Saponification process lasts for a period over 30 min and more especially between 1 to 5 hours.
• the solid, obtained in this step, is processed using a conventional solid-liquid extractor, where the M.F.A.S.C.W.
• Some preferred solvents used in the present invention are the following: acetone, methyl-ethyl ketone, pentanone, hexanone, terbutanol, ethanol, methanol, 2- propanol, butanol, hexane, pentane, isopentane, ciclohexane, heptane, chloroform, 1,2 dichloroethane, dichloromethane, trichloroethane, trichloromethane, 1,2,3 trichloropropane, benzene, toluene, phenol, p-methyl toluene and others.
• the mixture of primary fatty acids of high molecular weight in salt form is purified by successive recristalizations in an adequate organic solvents or in aqueous solutions, choosen among ketones from 3 to 8 carbon atoms, alcohols from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, hydrocarbons from 5 to 8 carbon atoms, as well as aromatic compounds, including mixtures of them.
• Some preferred solvents used in this step of the process acetone, methyl-ethyl ketone, pentanone, hexanone, terbutanol, ethanol, methanol, 2- propanol, butanol, hexane, pentane, heptane, octane, ciclohexane, benzene, toluene, phenol, p-methyl toluene and water between others.
• An step in the purification of this mixture of primary fatty acids of high molecular weight consist in refluxing the components in an adequate organic solvent, choose among ketones from 3 to 8 carbon atoms, alcohols from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, hydrocarbons from 5 to 8 carbon atoms as well as aromatic compounds including mixtures of them and, inmediately, hot filtering the fatty acids salts.
• the free fatty acids are regenerated using an acid solution, that could be prepared using mineral acids and/or organic acids to be choose among hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, acetic acid and oxalic acid among others.
• the yield of fatty acid is between 10 to 40 %, while the purity of the M.F.A.S.C.W. is in the general range from 85 to 100 %, more especially between 90 to 99 , determined using gas chromatography and/or volumetric chemical analysis.
• the M.F.A.S.C.W. obtained in the present invention is a mixture of primary fatty acids of high molecular weight ranging from 26 to 36 carbon atoms, more especially the one of 26, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 and 36 carbon atoms.
• Table I is reported the qualitative and quantitative composition of this M.F.A.S.C.W.
• the daily dose of M.F.A.S.C.W. to be used for the treatment of the different diseases has been established between 1 to 100 mg per day and the most adequate route of administration is oral solid dosage-form such as tablets, gragees or capsules. Also, this drug could be administered orally or parenterally or topically considering the uses claimed in the present invention.
• the pharmaceutical formulation, used in the oral route contains as active principle from 0.5 to 25.0 % in weight of M.F.A.S.C.W. This dose is obtained by mixing M.F.A.S.C.W. with different excipients such as disintegrators, agglutinants, lubricants, sliders or just fillers.
• One of the objects of the present invention is to isolate and purify the natural mixture of primary fatty acis with high molecular weight ranging from 26 to 36 carbon atoms from sugar cane wax, especially the mixture of straight chain fatty acids of 26, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 and 36 carbon atoms.
• Other of the objects of this invention is to use this natural mixture of fatty acids, in relatively low doses, as a component of pharmaceutical formulations used as hypocholesterolemic and hypolipidaemic drugs.
• one of the objects of the present invention is the development of pharmaceutical formulations that contains M.F.A.S.C.W. as active principle in order to be used as anti-ischemic and anti-thrombotic drugs, administered orally, topically or parenterally.
• M.F.A.S.C.W. is regenerated by treatment with concentrate sulphuric acid. 250 g of this M.F.A.S.C.W. were obtained with a purity amounting to 94.0 % .
• the object of this work is to evaluate the effect of M.F.A.S.C.W. on the platelet aggregation induced in rats.
• a group of male Sprague Dawley weighing 250 to 300 g were adapted to laboratory conditions (25 +/-2 °C, ligth/darkness cycles of 12 h) with free access to water and food for 15 days.
• M.F.A.S.C.W. was prepared as a suspension in an Acacia gum/water vehicle (10 mg/mL) and orally administered by gastric gavage. Animals were randomly distributed among three experimental groups: 1) controls, animals receiving vehicle in an equivalent volume; 2) animals receiving M.F.A.S.C.W.
• Platelet aggregation was determined according to the Born method, using an Elvi -840 aggregometer at 37°C and stirring (1000 rpm) . Platelet aggregation levels were measured after calibrating the equipment at 0 % light transmission for PRP and at 100 % for PPP. ADP (Sigma) was used for inducing platelet aggregation.
• the M.F.A.S.C.W. (20 and 200 mg/kg) administered in unique doses showed a significant inhibition of platelet aggregation induced by ADP in rats, as is shown in Table III. These results corroborate the M.F.A.S.C.W. acts as an antiplatelet drug.
• Table II I I
• M.F.A.S.C.W. mice weighing 300 to 350 g were adapted to laboratory conditions (25 ⁇ 2°C, ligth/darkness cycles of 12 h) with free access to water and food for 7 days.
• M.F.A.S.C.W. was orally administered (5 mg/kg body weight) by gastric gavage as a suspension in an Acacia gum-water vehicle (10 mg/mL) . Animals were randomly distributed in three experimental groups: 1) controls only receiving vehicle; 2) M.F.A.S.C.W.
• mice 5 mg/kg body weight and 3) M.F.A.S.C.W. 100 mg/kg body weight.
• rats were anaesthetized using sodium pentobarbital (30 mg/kg) and the tail of the animals was submerged in a saline solution at 37°C, two (2) cm of the last portion of this tail were cutted and the bleeding time was measured using a digital chronometer.
• Veinous thrombosis Animals were randomly distributed in four experimental groups 1) controls; 2, 3 and 4 receiving M.F.A.S.C.W. at doses of 20, 100 and 200 mg/kg respectively.
• Induction of thrombosis All the treatments were administered orally and after an hour the animals were anaesthetized using sodium pentobarbital injected intraperitoneal route with hypotonic saline solution (0.22 %) (lml/lOOg of body weight), immediately their abdomens were opened and the cava vein was ligated in its upper part (2 cm) and part of this vein was collected in a filter paper and opened, extracting the thrombo that was transferred to a Petri ' s dishes with a filter paper humected in physiological saline solution standing at room temperature for an hour. This weight of the thrombo weas determined after that time.
• M.F.A.S.C.W. in the range of doses assayed, diminished the size and weight of the thrombo in rats without increasing the bleeding time.
• M.F.A.S.C.W. shows anti- thrombotic effects withoutRICing significative changes in blood coagulation, representing an advantage to diminish the effects of bleeding in the anti-thrombotic therapy and suggest that the mechanism of action could be related with an effect over the platelet rather than an inhibition of coagulation factors, between others.
• M.F.A.S.C.W. Male and female Sprague Dawley rats weighing 200 to 250 g were adapted to laboratory conditions (25 ⁇ 2°C, ligth/darkness cycles of 12 h) with free access to water and food for 7 days.
• M.F.A.S.C.W. was prepared as a suspension in an Acacia gum/water vehicle. Animals were randomly distributed in different experimental groups and the administration of products was orally done using a gastric gavage (5 ml/kg body weight) , the controls only received equivalent volumes of the vehicle. According to the experimental centre the induction of gastric ulcer was induced by oral administration of ethanol (60%) or by stress. After a 24 hours fast period, gastric ulcers were induced in the animals.
• Induction with ethanol rats were randomly distributed in 4 experimental groups: 1) control and 2, 3 and 4) treated with M.F.A.S.C.W. at 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg respectively. An hour after treatment, each rat was administered 1 mL of ethanol by gastric gavage. One hour later, rats were sacrificed, their stomach were immediately removed, opened lengthwise along the greater curvature and washed with distilled water, then the damaged area was measured by means of a magnifying glass (x3) .
• Induction by stress Animals were randomly distributed in three (3) experimental groups: 1) controls and 2 and 3 M.F.A.S.C.W. 50 and 200 mg/kg respectively. Immediately after treatment rats were individually inmobilized in 5 cm diameter iron cylinders and sumerged in a water bath at 24 ⁇ 1°C up to the xyfoid level in order to produce stress in the rats. Animals were sacrificed 7 hours later, the stomachs were immediately removed, opened lengthwise along the greater curvature and washed with distilled water. The damaged areas were measured by two independent specialist in a double blind fashion. Lesions were evaluated as the total sumatory of the sizes of the damaged areas reported as mm of gastric ulcers.
• M.F.A.S.C.W. protect the gastric mucose from lesions induced both by ethanol or by stress, being a model independent of the administered dose.
• Tablets containing 5 mg of M.F.A.S.C.W. were administered to a groups of patients affected with hypercholesteroleamia type II. Before these patients were included in the study, they suffered a 4 weeks of diet only period and only those having LDL-C values higher than 3.8 mmol/L were included in the study. Treatment with M.F.A.S.C.W. was maintained for 6 weeks. During this active treatment period, dietary conditions were main- tained. After that period, the lipid profile was determined to each patient, results are reported in Tables VIII and IX.

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• 1997
  • 1997-04-02 CU CU1997035A patent/CU22723A1/es unknown
• 1998
  • 1998-04-01 BR BR9808470-4A patent/BR9808470A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1998-04-01 US US09/402,292 patent/US6486205B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1998-04-01 DK DK98920719T patent/DK0969827T3/da active
  • 1998-04-01 JP JP54135598A patent/JP4907750B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1998-04-01 AU AU73494/98A patent/AU732045B2/en not_active Expired
  • 1998-04-01 WO PCT/IB1998/000870 patent/WO1998043631A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 1998-04-01 CN CNB988055880A patent/CN1230158C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1998-04-01 RU RU99123062/14A patent/RU2217130C2/ru active
  • 1998-04-01 EP EP98920719A patent/EP0969827B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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• 2011
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