WO1998025761A1 - Article anti-buee et son procede de production - Google Patents
Article anti-buee et son procede de production Download PDFInfo
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- WO1998025761A1 WO1998025761A1 PCT/JP1997/004494 JP9704494W WO9825761A1 WO 1998025761 A1 WO1998025761 A1 WO 1998025761A1 JP 9704494 W JP9704494 W JP 9704494W WO 9825761 A1 WO9825761 A1 WO 9825761A1
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- Prior art keywords
- article according
- film
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- surfactant
- metal oxide
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 69
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 28
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 150000001282 organosilanes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- -1 phosphorus compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- 229920000233 poly(alkylene oxides) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 121
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 77
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 54
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 34
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 23
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- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims description 18
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
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- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- JMGZBMRVDHKMKB-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;2-sulfobutanedioate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OS(=O)(=O)C(C([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O JMGZBMRVDHKMKB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
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- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000005046 Chlorosilane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- KOPOQZFJUQMUML-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorosilane Chemical compound Cl[SiH3] KOPOQZFJUQMUML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
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- VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1N1CCN(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)CC1 VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 6
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfobutanedioic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000003854 Surface Print Methods 0.000 description 3
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- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
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- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- HBXWUCXDUUJDRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octadecoxyoctadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC HBXWUCXDUUJDRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VWVRASTUFJRTHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3-(azetidin-3-yloxy)-4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]pyrazol-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound O=C(CN1C=C(C(OC2CNC2)=N1)C1=CN=C(NC2CC3=C(C2)C=CC=C3)N=C1)N1CCC2=C(C1)N=NN2 VWVRASTUFJRTHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- POPACFLNWGUDSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxy(trimethyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(C)C POPACFLNWGUDSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004365 octenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- IKNCGYCHMGNBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-olate Chemical compound CCC[O-] IKNCGYCHMGNBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicide(4-) Chemical compound [Si-4] FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- RCIJACVHOIKRAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;1,4-dioctoxy-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CC(S(O)(=O)=O)C(=O)OCCCCCCCC RCIJACVHOIKRAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- RYCLIXPGLDDLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrapotassium;phosphonato phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O RYCLIXPGLDDLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ZOYFEXPFPVDYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloro(ethyl)silane Chemical compound CC[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl ZOYFEXPFPVDYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ORVMIVQULIKXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloro(phenyl)silane Chemical compound Cl[Si](Cl)(Cl)C1=CC=CC=C1 ORVMIVQULIKXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/14—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a particulate layer
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- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/006—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with materials of composite character
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- C03C17/22—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with other inorganic material
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- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/22—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with other inorganic material
- C03C17/23—Oxides
- C03C17/25—Oxides by deposition from the liquid phase
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/42—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating of an organic material and at least one non-metal coating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/18—Materials not provided for elsewhere for application to surfaces to minimize adherence of ice, mist or water thereto; Thawing or antifreeze materials for application to surfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
- C03C2217/40—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer
- C03C2217/43—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer consisting of a dispersed phase in a continuous phase
- C03C2217/44—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer consisting of a dispersed phase in a continuous phase characterized by the composition of the continuous phase
- C03C2217/45—Inorganic continuous phases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
- C03C2217/40—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer
- C03C2217/43—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer consisting of a dispersed phase in a continuous phase
- C03C2217/46—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer consisting of a dispersed phase in a continuous phase characterized by the dispersed phase
- C03C2217/47—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer consisting of a dispersed phase in a continuous phase characterized by the dispersed phase consisting of a specific material
- C03C2217/475—Inorganic materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
- C03C2217/70—Properties of coatings
- C03C2217/77—Coatings having a rough surface
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
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- Y10T428/24372—Particulate matter
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
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- Y10T428/24372—Particulate matter
- Y10T428/24421—Silicon containing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
- Y10T428/256—Heavy metal or aluminum or compound thereof
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
- Y10T428/259—Silicic material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31551—Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
- Y10T428/31609—Particulate metal or metal compound-containing
- Y10T428/31612—As silicone, silane or siloxane
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an antifogging article in which an antifogging film or a hydrophilic film is formed on the surface of a substrate such as glass, ceramics, plastic or metal, and a method for producing the same.
- the anti-fogging article of the present invention is used for construction, vehicles, optical parts, industrial, agricultural, daily necessities, housing, and medical use.
- the antifogging article of the present invention includes, for example, window glass, mirrors, lenses, heat exchanger fins for air conditioners, biomaterials, film sheets, and the like, which have excellent durability, abrasion resistance, antifogging, or hydrophilic durability. It is suitable for show cases and the like. Background art
- the phenomenon of fogging of the surface of glass or other articles occurs because minute water droplets adhere to the surface of the article (condensation), and the minute water droplets irregularly reflect light.
- This fogging causes a significant decrease in the performance of optical components such as eyeglasses and optical lenses, impairs the aesthetics of architectural windows and mirrors, and restricts the locations where it can be used as architectural materials. become. Further, if the fogging occurs on a window glass for a vehicle such as an automobile, the visibility is reduced, which is a serious safety problem.
- a method of applying a surfactant to the surface of glass or other articles for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 52479792
- a coating mainly composed of a hydrophilic and water-absorbing resin for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 52479792
- a method of applying an agent for example, JP-A-6-224428
- a method of fixing a hydrophilic molecule for example, JP-A-4-1287701
- roughening the surface for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-91042
- the surface of an article coated with a surfactant on glass or another article has a low antifogging property, only a temporary effect, and a decrease in visibility due to glare and whitening. There's a problem.
- a coating mainly composed of a hydrophilic and water-absorbing resin is applied to the surface of the glass or other article.
- the surface of an article obtained by applying a coating agent has problems such as low abrasion resistance and poor durability.
- the method of fixing hydrophilic molecules to the surface of glass or other articles has problems that the obtained article surface is not always sufficient in anti-fogging performance, easily soiled, and has low durability of the anti-fogging effect. is there.
- the surface roughening method is mainly manufactured by using etching with hydrofluoric acid, but the resulting product surface has a problem that the antifogging effect is low with respect to breath, steam and the like. .
- An object of the present invention is to provide an antifogging article excellent in durability ⁇ abrasion resistance and antifogging durability, and a method for producing the same, in view of the above conventional technology. Disclosure of the invention
- the present invention includes a metal oxide fine particle having a particle diameter of 4 to 30 O nm, a film having a metal oxide matrix as a matrix, coated on a substrate, and an arithmetic average roughness on the film surface.
- the antifogging article has irregularities with a height (R a) of 1.5 to 8 O nm and an average interval (S m) of irregularities of 4 to 300 nm.
- a metal oxide fine particle and a coating solution comprising an organic metal compound or a chlorosilyl group-containing compound which can be hydrolyzed and polycondensed or a hydrolyzate thereof are coated on a substrate to obtain a surface of the substrate. It is possible to form a film having irregularities on the surface.
- the metal oxide fine particles include a single-component metal oxide selected from the group consisting of silicon oxide (silica), aluminum oxide (alumina), zirconium oxide (zirconia), titanium oxide (titania), and cerium oxide (ceria). Fine particles of metal colloids or metal oxides, mixtures thereof, and composite metal oxide fine particles comprising two or more of these components are used. These are preferably used in the form of a solvent dispersion sol (colloid solution). Examples of the metal oxide sol include silica sols manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. “Snowtex-0L”, “Snowtex-10”,
- the metal oxide particles preferably have a particle size of 4 to 300 nm.
- the particle size of the metal oxide fine particles is less than 4 nm, the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) tends to be less than 1.5 nm, and the average interval (Sm) of the unevenness of the film on the substrate surface tends to be less than 4 nm. Therefore, it is impossible to form irregularities effective for improving the anti-fogging property and the anti-fogging durability, which is not preferable.
- the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) becomes larger than 8 O nm, and the average interval (Sm) of the unevenness of the film exceeds 300 nm, so that the unevenness is too large. This is not preferred because transparency is lost and fine particles tend to settle in the manufacturing process.
- chain fine particles are preferable.
- chain-shaped fine particles the shape of the surface irregularities becomes a three-dimensionally complicated irregularity, and surface irregularities having high antifogging properties and antifogging durability can be formed.
- chain colloids include "Snowex-OUP” and "Snowtex-UP", which are silica sols manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd. These have a diameter of 10 to 20 nm and a length of 40 to 300 nm. Have.
- the dispersion solvent for the metal oxide fine particles is not particularly limited as long as the metal oxide fine particles are substantially stably dispersed.
- a simple substance or a mixture of water, methanol, ethanol, propanol and the like is preferable. preferable.
- the water and the lower alcohol are easily mixed with the solution containing the organometallic compound, and can be easily removed by drying at the time of film formation or heat treatment after the film formation. Of these, water is the most preferable in the production environment.
- a dispersion aid may be added.
- the dispersing aid is not particularly limited, and commonly used additives such as electrolytes such as sodium phosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, potassium pyrophosphate, aluminum chloride, iron chloride, and various surfactants
- electrolytes such as sodium phosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, potassium pyrophosphate, aluminum chloride, iron chloride, and various surfactants
- An active agent, various organic polymers, a silane coupling agent, a titanium coupling agent, and the like are used, and the amount of the additive is usually 0.01 to 5% by weight based on the metal oxide fine particles.
- the organic metal compound capable of being hydrolyzed / condensed and polymerized to be contained in the coating liquid for forming a concavo-convex film together with the metal oxide fine particles may be basically any compound as long as it undergoes hydrolysis and dehydration condensation. Alkoxide metal chelates are preferred.
- metal alkoxide for example, methoxide such as silicon, aluminum, zirconium, and titanium, ethoxide, propoxide, and butoxide are preferably used alone or as a mixture.
- metal chelate silicon, aluminum, zirconium, titanium, and the like are used.
- the acetyl acetate complex of the formula (1) is preferably used.
- organometallic compound a high molecular weight type alkyl silicate, for example, “Ethyl silicate 40” manufactured by Colcoat Co., Ltd., “MS 56” manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, etc. can be used.
- hydrolyzate of the above-mentioned organometallic compound a commercially available alkoxysilane hydrolyzate such as “HAS 10” manufactured by Colcoat Co., Ltd., “ceramic power G-91”, “ceramica G-92-6” manufactured by Nippon Institute, Ltd. "Atron NS 1-500” manufactured by Nippon Soda Co., Ltd. can be used.
- chlorosilyl group-containing compound included in the uneven film-forming coating solution with fine particles chlorosilyl group (-S i C l n X 3 n, where n is 1, 2, or is 3 , X is a compound having at least one hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group, or an acyloxy group in the molecule, and among them, a compound having at least two chlorine atoms
- at least two hydrogens in the silane S i nH 2n +2 (where ⁇ is an integer of 1 to 5) are substituted with chlorine, and other hydrogens are optionally substituted with the above-mentioned alkyl group, alkoxy group, Or chlorosilane substituted with an acyloxy group and a condensation polymer thereof are preferred.
- Examples thereof include tetrachlorosilane (silicon tetrachloride, SiCl 4 ), trichlorosilane (SiHCl 3 ), and trimethyl monomethylsilane (Si CH 3 Cl 3 ), dichlorosilane (SiH 2 Cl 2 ), and CI— (SiC O) n-SiCls (n is an integer of 1 to 10).
- a hydrolyzate of the above-mentioned compound containing a silyl group can also be used.
- the compound can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the most preferred compound containing a chlorosilyl group is tetrachlorosilane. .
- the chlorosilyl group has a very high reactivity, and forms a dense film by self-condensation or condensation reaction with the substrate surface.
- the solvent of the solution containing the organometallic compound or the compound containing a hydrosilyl group or a hydrolyzate thereof is basically any solvent as long as the organometallic compound or the compound containing a chlorosilyl group or a hydrolyzate thereof is substantially dissolved.
- Alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol and butanol are most preferred, and the total of the above-mentioned organometallic compounds, chlorosilyl group-containing compounds and their hydrolysates is
- Water is required for the hydrolysis of the organometallic compound. This can be any acid or neutral, but to promote the hydrolysis, use water that has been acidified with catalytic hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, acetic acid, citric acid, sulfonic acid, etc. Is preferred.
- the amount of water required for the hydrolysis of the organometallic compound is preferably 0.1 to 100 in terms of molar ratio with respect to the organometallic compound. If the amount of water added is less than 0.1 in molar ratio, the promotion of hydrolysis of the organic metal compound is not sufficient, and if it is more than 100, the stability of the liquid tends to decrease, which is preferable. Absent.
- the amount of the acid added is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.001 to 20 in terms of a molar ratio with respect to the organometallic compound. If the amount of the added acid is less than 0.001 in molar ratio, the promotion of the hydrolysis of the organometallic compound is not sufficient, which is not preferable. If the added acid amount is more than 20 in molar ratio, the acidity of the solution becomes too strong. It is not preferable in handling. From the viewpoint of hydrolysis alone, the upper limit of the amount of the added acid is 2 in a molar ratio to the organometallic compound. Even if the amount of acid is further increased, the degree of progress of hydrolysis does not change much. However, the addition of more acid significantly increases the strength of the film, and in some cases, a film that can be sufficiently used for drying even at a low temperature (room temperature to 250 ° C) may be obtained.
- a preferred composition of the coating liquid in which such an increase in film strength is recognized is such that the concentration of the metal oxide calculated from the organometallic compound or the hydrolyzate thereof is 0.001 to 3% by weight, Acid concentration of 0.001 mol / "L or more 1 mol
- the water content is not less than 0.001% by weight and not more than 10% by weight. More preferably, the concentration of the metal oxide is from 0.01% to 0.6% by weight, the acid concentration is from 0.1 mol Z liter to 0.3 mol / liter, The content is not less than 0.001% by weight and not more than 3% by weight.
- the acid used at this time is preferably nitric acid or hydrochloric acid, and it is preferable to use an acid having a concentration of at least 0.3 times the water content. That is, when an acid in the form of an aqueous solution is used, it is preferably a high-concentration acid having a concentration of 23.1% or more.
- the acid is used in the form of an ethanol solution, if the ethanol solution contains, for example, 0.5% by weight of water, the concentration of the acid in the ethanol solution is 0.15% by weight or more. It is preferred that
- the content of the metal oxide fine particles in the film is too small, the effect of adding the metal oxide fine particles, that is, the obtained anti-fogging performance and anti-fogging sustaining performance is not satisfactory, which is not preferable. If the content of the metal oxide fine particles is too large, the metal oxide matrix phase derived from the organometallic compound or the compound containing a silyl group in the mouth becomes discontinuous, and the uneven film becomes brittle, resulting in a decrease in film strength. As the tendency increases, the obtained anti-fog performance and anti-fog sustainability are saturated and do not substantially improve.
- the content of the metal oxide fine particles in the film is preferably 5% by weight or more and 80% by weight or less, more preferably 10% by weight or more and 70% by weight or less in terms of metal oxide. More preferably, it is not less than 20% by weight and not more than 60% by weight.
- the above-mentioned metal oxide fine particles, the above-mentioned organometallic compound, chlorosilyl group-containing compound or a hydrolyzate thereof are mixed together with a solvent, and water, an acid catalyst, and a dispersing agent are added as necessary.
- a coating solution for forming irregularities on the substrate At this time, the organometallic compound and the chlorosilyl group-containing compound may be used alone or in combination.
- the preferred raw material mixing ratio of this coating liquid is as follows: Table 1 (
- a hydrolyzate thereof 100 parts by weight Metal oxide fine particles 100 to 200 parts by weight Water 0 to; L50 parts by weight Acid catalyst 0 to 35 parts by weight Dispersing aid 001 to]
- Solvent 50,000 to 300,000 parts by weight Dissolve the above-mentioned organometallic compound or chlorosilyl group-containing compound in a solvent, add a catalyst and water, and heat at a predetermined temperature between 10 ° C and the boiling point of the solution for 5 minutes. Hydrolyze for 2 days.
- the metal oxide fine particles and a dispersing agent are added as needed, and if necessary, the mixture is allowed to react at a predetermined temperature between 10 ° C and the boiling point of the solution for 5 minutes to 2 days. obtain.
- a chlorosilyl group-containing compound it is not necessary to add a catalyst and water.
- the metal oxide fine particles may be added before the hydrolysis step.
- the above-mentioned commercially available hydrolyzate of the organometallic compound may be used.
- the obtained coating solution may be subsequently diluted with an appropriate solvent according to the coating method.
- the coating liquid for forming unevenness is applied on a substrate, dried, and heat-treated as necessary to form metal oxide unevenness on the substrate.
- Examples of the substrate in the present invention include glass, ceramics, plastics, and metals.
- the surface of the base material has few hydrophilic groups, for example, when a plastic base material is used, the surface is preliminarily treated with a plasma or a corona discharge to make the surface hydrophilic, or the base material surface contains an atmosphere containing oxygen. It is preferable to perform the above-mentioned coating after irradiating ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of about 200 to 300 nm in the inside to perform a hydrophilicity-imparting treatment.
- Methods for cleaning and surface modification include degreasing with an organic solvent such as alcohol, acetone, and hexane, cleaning with an alkali or acid, polishing the surface with an abrasive, ultrasonic cleaning, ultraviolet irradiation, and ultraviolet ozone. Treatment, plasma treatment, corona discharge treatment, heat treatment and the like.
- a known technique may be used for the application method, and is not particularly limited.
- a method using an apparatus such as a spin coater, a roll coater, a spray coater, a curtain coater, or a dipping and pulling method is used.
- Methods dip coating method
- flow coating method Huichi Ichi coating method
- various printing methods such as screen printing, gravure printing, and curved surface printing.
- the substrate After application, the substrate is dried at a temperature between room temperature and 150 ° C for 1 minute to 2 hours, and if necessary, at a temperature between 150 ° C and the substrate heat-resistant temperature for 5 seconds. Heat-treat for 5 hours.
- the substrate heat-resistant temperature is the upper limit temperature at which the properties of the base material can be substantially maintained.
- glass base materials for example, the softening point or the devitrification temperature (usually 600 to 700 ° C)
- a plastic substrate such as, for example, a glass transition point, a crystallization temperature, a decomposition point and the like can be mentioned.
- This uneven film is composed of a matrix of metal oxide fine particles and a metal oxide (derived from an organometallic compound or a compound containing a chlorosilyl group).
- the metal oxide fine particles are fixed to a base material by a metal oxide matrix, and the metal oxide
- the surface shape of the substance fine particles forms the unevenness of this film.
- the thickness of the uneven film is preferably from 2 to 300 nm, more preferably from 4 to 100 nm.
- the thickness of the uneven film is less than 2 nm, the effect of the unevenness is low, that is, the antifogging property is low, which is not preferable.
- the thickness is more than 300 nm, interference colors are remarkably recognized, which is not preferable.
- the thickness is less than 4 nm, the antifogging durability tends to decrease, and when the thickness is more than 100 nm, the abrasion resistance tends to decrease, and both are not preferred.
- the more preferable thickness of the uneven film is 20 to 100 nm.
- the thickness of the uneven film is defined by the difference between the inner surface of the film and the average line of the outer unevenness.
- the article having the metal oxide uneven film formed on the substrate surface in this manner is It has improved wettability, has a low contact angle with water drops, has anti-fogging properties, and can maintain its anti-fogging properties without easily increasing the contact angle even with some surface contamination. Also, when titanium oxide is used as the metal oxide fine particles or the matrix, when the surface of the antifogging article is irradiated with light such as ultraviolet rays, the surface dirt is decomposed by photocatalysis and the antifogging property is improved. Such articles can maintain anti-fog properties semipermanently under light such as sunlight or fluorescent light.
- the concavo-convex film of the present invention is characterized in that the metal oxide fine particles in the coating liquid have a particle size and a particle shape, an organometallic compound or a chlorosilyl group-containing compound or a hydrolyzate thereof and a mixing ratio of the metal oxide fine particles, and a solid content concentration.
- the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) is preferably 1.5 to 80 nm
- the average interval (Sm) between the irregularities is preferably 4 to 300 nm.
- the uneven film of the present invention has an arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of 5 to 30 nm and an average interval (Sm) of unevenness of 5 to 150 nm. Within this range, the antifogging performance, especially the antifogging durability, is even better.
- the Ra value and the Sm value are defined by the method described in JISB 0601 (1994), and are defined by an atomic force microscope (for example, SPI 3700 manufactured by Seiko Denshi Co., Ltd.) and an electron microscope (for example, H -600) can be calculated from the cross-sectional curves observed and measured.
- An antifogging article having further improved antifogging property and antifogging durability can be obtained by further containing a surfactant in the concavo-convex film containing the metal oxide fine particles and the metal oxide as a matrix. it can.
- a method of adding a surfactant to the uneven film a method of adding a surfactant to the coating solution for forming unevenness is simple and preferable.
- the surfactant contained in the uneven film moves slowly to the surface of the uneven film, lowering the surface tension of the condensed water droplets, increasing the spread of the water droplets due to wetting, and further increasing the anti-fog property.
- the surfactant contained in the uneven film is held in the gaps formed by the metal oxide fine particles and in the pores of the metal oxide matrix, and slowly moves to the surface to improve the antifogging property of the uneven film. Since it contributes to hydrophilicity, the anti-fogging property or the durability of hydrophilicity of the uneven film is improved as compared with the uneven film containing no surfactant. Even if the surfactant is continuously used and the surfactant gradually flows out and there is no more surfactant capable of moving from the inside of the film to the surface, the high anti-fogging property due to the uneven shape is maintained, so that there is no rapid decrease in the anti-fogging property.
- an anionic surfactant is preferable as the surfactant used for inclusion in the uneven film.
- Cationic or amphoteric surfactants tend to adsorb the hydrophilic part of the cation to the uneven film made of metal oxide, so that the hydrophobic part of the surfactant faces the air side.
- the hydrophilicity of the surface of the article tends to decrease and the antifogging property tends to decrease, which is not preferable.
- Many nonionic surfactants have a large molecular weight, are likely to be fixed in a film, and are also not preferred because the hydrophilicity of the surface of the article is also lowered and the antifogging property is lowered.
- surfactants having an amine nitrogen or amide bond in the molecule regardless of ionicity, have a strong tendency to be adsorbed via nitrogen atoms to the uneven film made of metal oxide, which also reduces the antifogging property Is not preferred. Therefore, a surfactant containing no amine nitrogen or amide bond in the molecule is preferably used.
- anionic surfactants include sulfosuccinates such as dialkyl sodium sulfosuccinate, alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl ether phosphates, alkyl ether carboxylates, and sulfuric acids such as sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate. Examples thereof include ester salts and the like.
- sodium dialkyl sulfosuccinate for example, dibutyl sodium sulfosuccinate, dihexyl sodium sulfosuccinate, di-2-ethylhexyl sodium sulfosuccinate, etc. Is good and preferably used.
- These surfactants are used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the surfactant in the concavo-convex film of the present invention is preferably 0.1 to 15% by weight based on all components of the concavo-convex film containing metal oxide fine particles and having a metal oxide as a matrix. If the surfactant content is less than 0.1% by weight, the antifogging property and the hydrophilicity are improved. Insufficient, meaningless to add surfactant, not preferred. On the other hand, if the addition amount is more than 15% by weight, the film is whitened and the appearance tends to be poor, and the film strength is also undesirably reduced.
- the uneven film containing the surfactant is subjected to drying or heat treatment at a temperature equal to or lower than the decomposition temperature of the surfactant.
- a phosphorus compound to the uneven film of the present invention or the uneven film containing a surfactant, an antifogging article with further improved antifogging properties and antifogging durability can be obtained.
- a method for incorporating a phosphorus-based compound into the uneven film a method of adding a phosphorus-based compound to the coating liquid for forming unevenness is simple and preferable.
- Examples of the phosphorus-based compound include a phosphoric ester, phosphoric acid, phosphorus oxide, ester of phosphorous acid, and phosphorous acid, and one or more of these compounds are used.
- the content of the phosphorus compound is preferably from 0.1 to 15% by weight based on all components of the concavo-convex film containing metal oxide fine particles and using the metal oxide as a matrix. If the amount is less than 0.1% by weight, the improvement in antifogging property and hydrophilicity is insufficient. On the other hand, if the addition amount is more than 15% by weight, the uneven film is whitened, the appearance tends to be poor, and the strength of the uneven film is undesirably reduced.
- a polyalkylene is further provided on an uneven film containing the metal oxide fine particles described above and having a metal oxide matrix (which may or may not contain the above-mentioned surfactant or phosphorus compound).
- the polyalkylene oxide group a polyethylene oxide group, a propylene oxide group and the like are mainly used.
- the alkyl group include a chain alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, an octyl group, a nonyl group, and a decyl group.
- cyclo A cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms such as an ethyl group and a cyclohexyl group is mainly used.
- alkenyl group a group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms such as a vinyl group, an aryl group, a butenyl group, a propenyl group, a hexenyl group, an octenyl group and a cyclohexenyl group is mainly used.
- aryl group a phenyl group, a tolyl group, a xylyl group and the like are mainly used.
- the above antifogging article produced using an organosilane containing a polyalkylene oxide group has excellent antifogging properties and particularly excellent antifogging durability.
- the above functional groups are non-reactive or low-reactive, they do not form chemical bonds with dirt components, dirt is not fixed to the surface, and dirt attached to the surface can be easily wiped off. Since it can be removed, even if the antifogging property is lost due to dirt, the antifogging property can be easily restored.
- the organosilane is preferably an alkoxysilane or chlorosilane having an alkoxyl group or a chloro group in the molecule. These functional groups are easily hydrolyzed, and the organosilane is in a state where it can be chemically bonded to the uneven surface of the metal oxide, resulting in a product with higher antifogging durability.
- alkoxysilanes containing a polyalkylene oxide group for example, a polyethylene oxide group, especially [alkoxy (polyethyleneoxy) alkyl] trialkoxysilanes, for example, [methoxy (polyethyleneoxy) propyl] Trimethoxysilane is most preferred.
- the antifogging article in which the organosilane or its hydrolyzate is chemically or physically fixed or adhered to the uneven surface preferably has a contact angle of 10 degrees or less (for a 0.4 mg water droplet). . If the contact angle is larger than 10 degrees, the anti-fogging performance and the anti-fogging durability deteriorate, which is not preferable.
- any method may be used as long as the organosilane or the hydrolyzate thereof contacts the uneven surface.
- a method of applying the liquid containing the organosilane or a hydrolyzate thereof to an uneven surface A method of immersing the uneven film-forming article in a liquid containing the organosilane or its hydrolyzate (liquid phase chemical adsorption method), a method of adsorbing the uneven film-forming article in the vapor of the organosilane or its hydrolyzate (Gas phase chemical adsorption method).
- the coating method is the simplest and the lowest cost, and is particularly preferred.
- the coating method may be a known technique, and is not particularly limited. Examples thereof include a method using an apparatus such as a spinco, a mouth, a ruco, a spray, a force, a force, and the like. Methods such as dipping and coating (dip coating) and flow coating (flow coating), and methods in which a cloth or paper containing a coating solution is brought into contact with an uneven surface and rubbed with an appropriate force (rubbing) And various printing methods such as screen printing, gravure printing, and curved surface printing.
- Cleaning and surface modification methods include degreasing with organic solvents such as alcohol, acetone, and hexane, cleaning with alkalis and acids, ultrasonic cleaning, ultraviolet irradiation, ultraviolet ozone treatment, plasma treatment, corona discharge treatment, and heat treatment. And the like.
- the solvent for dissolving the organosilane is not particularly limited, but water, alcohols and ketones are preferably used alone or in combination from the viewpoint of safety, cost and workability.
- Alcohols include methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, and the like.
- Ketones include acetone, methylethyl ketone, and diethyl ketone.
- the above-mentioned organosilane is used after being hydrolyzed as required. Add water and, if necessary, an acid catalyst to the organosilane solution, hydrolyze at a certain temperature for a certain time, dilute if necessary and use it for coating.
- the conditions for the hydrolysis of the organosilane are not particularly limited, but the hydrolysis is preferably performed at a temperature of 20 to 60 ° C. for 3 minutes to 50 hours. If the temperature is lower than 20 ° C or the time is shorter than 3 minutes, the promotion of hydrolysis is not sufficient, and even if the temperature is higher than 60 ° C or the time is longer than 50 hours. The effect of promoting hydrolysis no longer improves, Further, the life of the coating solution is shortened, which is not preferable.
- the acid catalyst examples include mineral acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and nitric acid, and organic acids such as acetic acid, formic acid, citric acid, and p-toluenesulfonic acid.
- the amount of the acid added is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.001 to 2 in terms of a molar ratio to the organosilane. If the amount of the acid to be added is less than 0.0001 in molar ratio, the promotion of the hydrolysis of the organosilane is not sufficient, and if the amount is more than 2, the effect of promoting the hydrolysis no longer occurs. It does not improve and the acid becomes excessive, which is not preferable.
- the amount of water added for the hydrolysis is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 or more in terms of a molar ratio with respect to the organosilane. If the amount of water added is less than 0.1 in terms of molar ratio, the promotion of the hydrolysis of the organosilane is not sufficient, which is not preferable.
- an organosilane having a high hydrolysis rate such as chlorosilane
- sufficient hydrolysis proceeds only by the moisture adsorbed on the uneven surface of the metal oxide, and may be fixed to the surface by a dehydration condensation reaction.
- a coating solution using a non-aqueous solvent with sufficiently reduced dissolved water to obtain a better anti-fogging property, better anti-fogging property and longer anti-fogging property of the obtained anti-fogging article It is preferred.
- the non-aqueous solvent include n-hexane, cyclohexane, xylene, and toluene.
- the concentration of the organosilane solution used for coating is not particularly limited, but 0.001 to 5% by weight is preferably used. If the concentration is less than 0.001% by weight, it is difficult to obtain a sufficient improvement in the anti-fogging durability of the obtained anti-fogging article, and if it is higher than 5% by weight, the anti-fogging performance will not be further improved. Not good, not good.
- the uneven substrate after the organosilane solution coating is preferably dried or heat-treated at a temperature of 20 to 180 ° C. for 3 minutes to 3 hours.
- a temperature of 20 to 180 ° C. for 3 minutes to 3 hours By this treatment, the bonding of the organosilane to the uneven surface of the metal oxide is enhanced, and the durability and antifogging durability of the antifogging article are improved.
- the temperature is lower than 20 ° C or the time is shorter than 3 minutes, the above effects are not sufficient and are not preferable.
- the temperature is higher than 180 ° C., the organosilane may decompose, which is not preferable. Further, if the time is longer than 3 hours, the above effect is no longer improved, so that it is not preferable from the viewpoint of productivity.
- the preferred thickness of the organosilane layer after the heat treatment is 0.3 to 10 nm. Even when the thickness of the organosilane layer is relatively large, it is necessary that the thickness variation of the organosilane layer depending on the location is not so large, and the outer surface of the organosilane layer has the same shape as the above-mentioned uneven surface. Irregularities, that is, irregularities having an arithmetic average roughness (R a) of 1.5 to 80 nm and an average interval (S m) of irregularities of 4 to 300 nm must be formed. is there.
- an antifogging article having further improved antifogging properties and antifogging durability can be obtained.
- the surfactant layer has the effect of lowering the surface tension of the condensed water droplets, spreading the water droplets, and further increasing the antifogging property.
- the surfactant layer also has a function of enclosing the dirt component and preventing the surface from being soiled and the antifogging property from being reduced.
- the surfactant layer is difficult to remove due to the physical shape of the surface unevenness film (an unevenness film containing metal oxide fine particles and using a metal oxide as a matrix) as a base layer, and has a smooth surface and unevenness.
- the antifogging effect of the surfactant lasts longer than when it is applied to a normal substrate surface that does not have it.
- the intermolecular interaction force between the above-mentioned functional group on the surface of the layer and the surfactant causes an interaction.
- the surfactant is hardly removed, and the antifogging effect of the surfactant lasts for a long time.
- the surface (outside) of the surfactant layer is affected by the unevenness of the underlayer surface, and the thickness is 1.5.
- Arithmetic average roughness (R a) of up to 80 nm and unevenness of average interval (S m) of 4 to 30 nm are formed, and the unevenness shows high anti-fog properties.
- the surface (outside) of the surfactant layer has an arithmetic average roughness (R a ) of 1.5 nm or more and an average of irregularities of 4 nm or more.
- the surface of the surfactant layer becomes smooth without forming irregularities of the spacing (S m), but the surfactant itself has an antifogging effect. Then continue to use and the surfactant will gradually flow out and the surfactant layer As the thickness decreases, irregularities appear on the surface, and high anti-fog properties are maintained due to the irregularities.
- a nonionic or anionic surfactant is preferably used as the surfactant applied to the surface.
- a cationic or amphoteric surfactant tends to be adsorbed with the hydrophilic part of the cation part directed toward the uneven surface made of metal oxide, so the hydrophobic part of the surfactant is directed to the air side.
- the hydrophilicity of the surface of the article tends to decrease, and the antifogging property tends to decrease, which is not preferable.
- surfactants containing an amine nitrogen or amide bond in the molecule regardless of their ionic nature, have a strong tendency to be adsorbed via the nitrogen atom to the uneven surface made of metal oxide, which also reduces the antifogging property Is not preferred. Therefore, a surfactant containing no amine nitrogen or amide bond in the molecule is preferably used.
- an organosilane layer containing the above functional group on the surface the tendency of the surfactant to be adsorbed is reduced, so that a cationic or amphoteric surfactant and an amine nitrogen in the molecule are used.
- a surfactant containing an amide bond is also preferably used.
- anionic surfactants include sulfosuccinates such as dialkyl sodium sulfosuccinate; alkyl ether sulfates; alkyl ether phosphates; alkyl ether carboxylate; sulfates such as sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate; Of these, sodium alkyl sodium sulfosuccinate, for example, dibutyl sodium sulfosuccinate, dihexyl sodium sulfosuccinate, di-2-ethylhexyl sodium sulfosuccinate, etc., have good antifogging property and antifogging property. It is preferably used.
- nonionic surfactants include polyoxetylene nonyl phenyl ethers, polyoxetylene alkyl ethers such as polyoxetylene stearyl ether, and polyoxyethylene monostearate.
- examples thereof include oxyethylene acyl ester; polyoxyethylene sorbitan acyl ester such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate; and sorbitan ester such as sorbitan laurate.
- Nonionic surfactants have a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) value of 5 to 18 Is preferred. If the HLB value is less than 5, the hydrophilicity is low, and it is difficult to obtain a sufficient antifogging property. On the other hand, if the HLB value is more than 18, the solubility in water becomes too large, and it is easily removed from the surface by dew condensation.
- the surfactant to be applied to the surface is used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the thickness of the surfactant after application is not particularly limited, but is generally from 0.2 to 100 nm. If the thickness of the surfactant layer is smaller than 0.2 nm (monomolecular layer), a portion where the surface is exposed is generated, and the improvement in the antifogging property and the antifogging durability by the surfactant is not remarkable, which is preferable. Absent. On the other hand, if the thickness is more than 100 nm, interference colors due to the surfactant layer will be observed, and uneven glare will be recognized, which is not preferable. A more preferred thickness is from 10 to: L 0 nm.
- the method of applying the surfactant is not particularly limited as long as a known method is used, but it may be a method using an apparatus such as Spinco One Night, Mouth One Night, One Spray Night, One Day Night, One Day Night, etc. , Dipping and coating (dip coating), flow coating (flow coating), etc., and a cloth or paper containing a surfactant solution is brought into contact with the surface and rubbed with appropriate force ( Rubbing method), and various printing methods such as screen printing, gravure printing, and curved surface printing.
- the solvent for dissolving the surfactant for coating is not particularly limited, but water and alcohols are preferably used alone or in combination from the viewpoint of safety, cost and workability. Alcohols include methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol and the like.
- the concentration of the surfactant solution used for coating is not particularly limited, but 0.001 to 5% by weight is preferably used.
- concentration is lower than 0.001% by weight, the thickness of the surfactant layer in the obtained anti-fogging article is too small, and it becomes difficult to improve the anti-fogging performance and anti-fogging durability. Even if it is high, the antifogging performance is not improved any more, so it is not economical and not preferable.
- Hydrolysis-condensation polymerization solution of tetraethoxysilane (trade name: HAS-10, manufactured by Corcoto Co., Ltd.) 11.8 parts by weight, chain silica 10 to 20 nm in diameter and 40 to 300 nm in length Colloid (trade name: Snowtex OUP, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd., solid content 15% by weight) 13.3 parts by weight and 74.9 parts by weight of 2-propanol are mixed at room temperature, and this is mixed with 2-propanol. It was diluted 3 times by weight and stirred at room temperature for 2 hours to obtain a coating liquid for forming irregularities.
- HAS-10 tetraethoxysilane
- chain silica 10 to 20 nm in diameter and 40 to 300 nm in length Colloid (trade name: Snowtex OUP, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd., solid content 15% by weight) 13.3 parts by weight and 74.9 parts by weight of 2-propanol are mixed at room temperature, and this is mixed with 2-propanol
- the soda lime silicate glass plate (65 mm x 15 Omm x 3 mm), which has been polished and cleaned with a cerium oxide-based abrasive, and then ultrasonically cleaned in pure water, is immersed in the above-mentioned coating solution for forming irregularities.
- the solution was applied on both surfaces of the glass plate by pulling up at a speed of cm / min.
- This glass plate was dried at 100 ° C for 30 minutes, and further dried at 250 ° C for 30 minutes, and then heat-treated in a 500 ° C oven for 1 hour to form a 100-nm-thick silica uneven film on both surfaces.
- a glass plate was obtained. Surface roughness, contact angle measurement
- the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) and the average interval (Sm) of the irregularities of the glass plate on which the silica concavo-convex film was formed were measured using an atomic force microscope (“SPI 3700” manufactured by Seiko Electronics Co., Ltd.). I asked.
- the contact angle with respect to a water droplet of 0.4 mg was measured using a contact angle meter (“CA-DT” manufactured by Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd.). Table 4 shows the measurement results.
- Ra and Sm of the outermost surface coated with a surfactant show values before and after coating with a surfactant.
- Antifogging evaluation Place the glass plate on which the above-mentioned silica uneven film is formed in a thermo-hygrostat at a temperature of 5 ° C and a relative humidity of 10%, and leave it for 10 minutes, then in a thermo-hygrostat at a temperature of 25 ° C and a relative humidity of 70%.
- JISS 4030-1995 Install the sample plate in the cooling device (made of transparent plastic) described in “Testing method for anti-fog agent for glasses” and cool the back surface of the sample The sample was kept in contact with water at a temperature of 20 ° C. While cooling the sample in this state, it was placed in a thermo-hygrostat at a temperature of 45 ° C and a relative humidity of 80% RH, and kept for 3 minutes. Then, with the sample attached to the cooling device, it was placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at a temperature of 20 ° C and a relative humidity of 10% RH, and dried for 3 minutes.
- the operation of exposure to the high-humidity atmosphere and the exposure to the low-humidity atmosphere were defined as one cycle, and 30 cycles were repeated.
- the test chart for judging the perspective distortion printed on the plastic plate was attached to the back of the cooling device, water was soaked in the gap between the plate and the back of the cooling device, and the test for judging the perspective distortion from the sample side was performed. The chart was made observable.
- the test chart for judging perspective distortion is similar to the test chart shown in Appendix Figure 1 of JISS 4030-1995.
- the line widths and intervals of the three white lines are 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, and 1.5. mm, 2.0 mm, and 2.5 mm.
- the glass plate on which the silica unevenness film was formed was placed on the bottom of a cubic box of 24 cm square, and smoke for one commercially available cigarette was introduced into the box, held for 30 minutes, and then taken out.
- Table 6 shows the contact angle with respect to a 0.4 mg water drop measured by the above method after exposure to tobacco, and the evaluation result of antifogging property performed by the above method. From this result, the silica uneven film It was confirmed that the glass plate on which was formed had some degree of anti-fog persistence against tobacco smoke.
- the glass plate on which the silica unevenness film was formed was set upright, 500 ml of pure water was sprayed over the entire plate surface for about 3 minutes, and water was flowed over the surface. After drying the glass plate, it was allowed to stand in a room for 30 days, and the contact angle was measured and the four-stage evaluation shown in Table 2 was performed by the above-described method for evaluating anti-fog properties. As shown in Table 8, it was confirmed that the glass sheet on which the above-mentioned silica uneven film was formed had a certain degree of anti-fogging property even after a slight water-proofing indoor test, although the anti-fogging property was slightly reduced. Was.
- the glass plate on which the silica unevenness film formed in Example 1 was formed was ultrasonically washed in pure water. After cleaning and drying, the substrate was immersed in the above-mentioned organosilane coating solution and pulled up at a rate of 5 cm / min to apply the solution onto both surfaces of the glass plate with the silica uneven film.
- the glass plate is dried at 120 ° C for 30 minutes, heat-treated, cooled to room temperature, and then lightly washed with pure water to form an organosilane layer having a polyethylene oxide group in the molecule and having a thickness of about 8 nm. Thus, a glass plate provided with an uneven silica film was obtained.
- the coating liquid for forming the concavo-convex was applied on a soda lime silicate glass plate (30 Ommx 30 OmmX 5 mm), which had been polished, washed, ultrasonically cleaned, and dried in the same manner as in Example 1, using a roll iron. I did it.
- the coating was applied to both sides of the glass plate.
- the glass plate was dried at 150 ° C for 30 minutes, heated in a suspended strengthening furnace (electric furnace) until the plate temperature reached 60 Ot :, immediately taken out, and rapidly cooled by an air-producer. Was obtained.
- the glass plate on which the silica unevenness film formed in Example 3 was formed was ultrasonically washed in pure water. After cleaning and drying, a glass plate with an uneven silica film having an organosilane layer having a thickness of about 0.5 nm containing an n-propyl group in the molecule was formed in the same manner as described in Example 2. Obtained.
- tetraethoxysilane 25 parts by weight of commercially available tetraethoxysilane are added to 380 parts by weight of 2-propanol, and 1.6 parts by weight of 1N nitric acid and 6.5 parts by weight of water are added, and the mixture is heated at 50 ° C for 3 hours and further at 30 ° C. It was hydrolyzed by stirring for one day.
- a titania colloid having a particle size of 30 to 60 nm (trade name: titania sol CS-N, manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd., solid content 30% by weight) was added, and trimethylmethoxysilane was used as a dispersing aid.
- a soda lime silicate glass plate (6 OmmX 15 OmmX 3 mm), which has been polished, cleaned, ultrasonically cleaned, and dried in the same manner as in Example 1, is suspended vertically in an environment of 20 ° (30% RH, 20 °) and from the top.
- the coating liquid for unevenness formation was flowed and coated (face-to-face coating method) Coating was applied to both sides of the glass plate
- the glass plate was dried at 150 ° C for 30 minutes, and then dried in a 500 ° C oven. Heat treatment was performed for 3 hours to obtain a glass plate having a silica-titania uneven film having a thickness of 100 nm.
- phenyltrichlorosilane (TSL 8063 manufactured by Toshiba Silicone Co., Ltd.) was dissolved in 1000 parts by weight of n-hexane to obtain an organosilane coating solution.
- the glass plate on which the silica-titania uneven film formed in Example 5 was formed was irradiated with ultraviolet light in an oxygen atmosphere to clean the surface, and then immersed in the organosilane coating solution at 40 ° C. After holding for 5 hours, take out the glass plate, wash it with n-hexane, and apply an organosilane monolayer containing a phenyl group in the molecule (about 5 nm thick) on the surface. A glass plate with a silica-titania uneven film on which was formed was obtained.
- Liquid A and liquid B are mixed, and a chain silica colloid having a diameter of 10 to 20 nm and a length of 40 to 300 nm (trade name: Snowtex OUP, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd., solid content: 15% by weight) ) was added, and the mixture was hydrolyzed by stirring at 50 ° C for 3 hours and further with 3 O: for 1 day. From about 210 parts by weight of the obtained liquid, 40 parts by weight was fractionated, and 480 parts by weight of ethanol was added thereto to adjust the solid content to 0.3% to obtain a coating liquid for forming irregularities.
- a chain silica colloid having a diameter of 10 to 20 nm and a length of 40 to 300 nm (trade name: Snowtex OUP, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd., solid content: 15% by weight) ) was added, and the mixture was hydrolyzed by stirring at 50 ° C for 3 hours and further with 3 O: for 1 day. From about 210 parts by weight of the obtained liquid,
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, the above-mentioned coating solution for forming unevenness was coated on a soda lime silicate glass plate (6 Omm x 15 Omm X 3 mm) that had been polished, washed, ultrasonically cleaned, and dried by the method described in Example 5. .
- the glass plate was dried at 120 ° C. for 1 hour and heat-treated in a 500 ° C. oven for 2 hours to obtain a glass plate having a 50 nm-thick silica-zirconia uneven film formed thereon.
- the glass plate on which the silica-zirconia concavo-convex film formed in Example 7 was formed was irradiated with ultraviolet rays in an oxygen atmosphere to clean the surface, and then placed in a vacuum chamber. The pressure was reduced to rr, and the system was closed and heated to 80 ° C. Next, 0.05 ml of ethyltrichlorosilane (SIE 4901.0, manufactured by Chitz Co., Ltd.) was introduced into the chamber using a syringe and vaporized. After reacting for 1 hour as it was, vacuum was evacuated and excess organosilane in the chamber was removed with a cold trap.
- SIE 4901.0 ethyltrichlorosilane
- the glass plate on which the silica concavo-convex film formed in Example 1 was formed was ultrasonically washed in pure water and dried, and then dried with polyoxyethylene noelfenether (Nonion NS—manufactured by NOF Corporation). 220 ", nonionic, immersed in a 0.2% aqueous solution of HLB value of 16.0), pulled up at a speed of 30 cmZin, apply the solution on a glass plate with an uneven silica film, and dry it thoroughly at room temperature I let it. After drying, the surface was rubbed with a cotton cloth to remove excess surfactant, and a surfactant layer having a thickness of about 30 nm was formed.
- Nonion NS polyoxyethylene noelfenether
- the organosilane-coated glass plate provided with an organosilicon unevenness film prepared in Example 2 was coated with di-2-ethylhexyl sodium sulfosuccinate ("Rapisol B-30", anionic) manufactured by NOF Corporation. A 05% aqueous solution was applied by a flow coating method and dried sufficiently at room temperature. After drying, the surface was rubbed with a cotton cloth to remove excess surfactant, and a surfactant layer having a thickness of about 10 nm was formed.
- Rapisol B-30 di-2-ethylhexyl sodium sulfosuccinate
- the glass plate with the organosilane coating irregularity film prepared in Example 4 was compared with 2% of polyoxyethylene stearyl ether (Nonion S-207, manufactured by NOF Corporation, nonionic, HLB value 10.7).
- the solution was applied on a glass plate with an uneven silica film by dipping in an ethanol solution and pulled up at a speed of 5 cmZmin, and dried sufficiently at room temperature to form a surfactant layer having a thickness of about 80 nm.
- Example 7 After the glass plate with the silica-zirconia concavo-convex film produced in Example 7 was ultrasonically washed in pure water and dried, polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether ("Nonion NS_202" manufactured by NOF Corporation, The solution was immersed in a nonionic, 0.2% aqueous solution with an HLB value of 5.7) and pulled up at a speed of 30 cmZmin to convert the solution to silica. It was applied on a glass plate with an uneven film and dried sufficiently at room temperature. After drying, the surface was rubbed with a cotton cloth to remove excess surfactant, and a surfactant layer having a thickness of about 30 nm was formed.
- Nonion NS_202 polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether
- sorbitan monolaurate (“Nonion LP — 20R” manufactured by NOF CORPORATION, nonionic, HLB value 8.6) ) was dropped onto a surface of a 1% suspension, and applied to the surface with a cotton cloth and dried to form a surfactant layer having a thickness of about 50 nm.
- a soda lime silicate glass plate (6 OmmX 15) is used as a base material.
- the surface is polished and washed with a cerium oxide-based abrasive, and then ultrasonically cleaned in pure water, dried, and irradiated with ultraviolet light in an oxygen atmosphere.
- a smooth glass plate having an organosilane layer containing a polyethylene oxide group in the molecule was obtained under the same conditions as in Example 2 except that OmmX 3 mm, no uneven film was used.
- the contact angle measurement, initial and repeated antifogging evaluation, a cigarette smoke exposure test, a grease wiping test, and an antifogging evaluation after a water resistance and indoor standing test were performed using the method described in Example 1 for 0.4 mg of water droplets. .
- the surface is polished and washed with a cerium oxide-based abrasive, and then ultrasonically cleaned in pure water.
- the soda lime silicate glass plate 60 mm x 15 OmmX 3 mm
- the glass plate was immersed in 0.28 mo 1 liter hydrofluoric acid aqueous solution at 25 ° C for 120 seconds, washed with a large amount of water, and dried at 100 ° C to prepare a glass plate having an etched surface.
- the surface-etched glass plate For the surface-etched glass plate, the surface roughness measurement, the contact angle measurement, the initial and repeated anti-fogging evaluation, the cigarette smoke test, the grease wiping test, And water resistance ⁇ The antifogging property was evaluated after the indoor standing test. The results are shown in Tables 5, 7 and 9. From these results, it was confirmed that although the surface-etched glass plate had some antifogging property in the initial state after being well washed, the antifogging property was easily lost due to adsorption and adhesion of dirt.
- the surfactant described in Example 9 was applied on the glass substrate described in Comparative Example 1 by the method described in Example 9 to form a surfactant layer having a thickness of about 30 nm.
- Chain silica colloid with a diameter of 10 to 20 nm and a length of 40 to 300 nm (trade name: Snowtex OUP, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd., solid content: 15% by weight) 2.3% And 1-6.9 parts by weight of 2-propanol were mixed at room temperature for 5 minutes, 0.9 parts by weight of commercially available silicon tetrachloride was added thereto, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour to form a concave and convex portion. A toning solution was obtained.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, the above unevenness was formed on a soda lime silicate glass plate (65 mm x 15 O mm x 3 mm) that had been polished, washed, ultrasonically cleaned, and dried by the method described in Example 5. Coating solution was coated. Thereafter, the glass plate was dried at room temperature only, without any particular heat treatment, to obtain a glass plate having a 60-nm-thick silica uneven film.
- Example 5 Normal temperature and normal pressure in air, under the conditions of charge density 200WZm 2, after corona discharge treatment of polyethylene terephthalate evening acetate film (thickness 100 m) surface (both sides), on the film, the uneven formed in Example 5 by the method described The coating solution was coated. After that, a polyethylene terephthalate film having a 60-nm-thick anionic surfactant-added silicide irregularity film formed thereon was obtained without drying.
- Chain silica colloid with a diameter of 10-20 nm and a length of 40-300 nm (trade name: Snowtex OUP, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd., solid content 15% by weight) 4.6 parts by weight and 2-propanol 177.2 parts by weight were mixed at room temperature for 5 minutes, and 1.8 parts by weight of commercially available silicon tetrachloride and 16.4 parts by weight of a 1% ethanol solution of triethyl phosphate were added thereto, followed by stirring at room temperature for 3 hours.
- a coating liquid for forming irregularities was obtained.
- Coating liquid for forming irregularities is coated on a soda lime silicate glass plate (65 mm x 15 Omm x 3 mm), which has been polished, cleaned, ultrasonically cleaned, and dried in the same manner as in Example 1. did. Thereafter, the glass plate was dried at 120 ° C. for 5 minutes to obtain a glass plate having a 120 nm-thick phosphorous compound-added silica uneven film formed thereon.
- Chain silica colloids with a diameter of 10-20 nm and a length of 40-300 nm (Product Name: Snowtex OUP, Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd., solid content 15% by weight) 3. 1 part by weight and 184.3 parts by weight of 2-propanol were mixed at room temperature for 5 minutes, and commercially available tetraethoxysilane 1 .5 parts by weight and 1.3 parts by weight of concentrated hydrochloric acid (35%) were added, followed by mixing at room temperature for 5 minutes.
- a 1% ethanol solution of an anionic surfactant (trade name: Lapisol A_30, manufactured by NOF CORPORATION, solid content 30% by weight) containing sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate as a main component 7. 5 parts by weight and 2.7 parts by weight of a 1% ethanol solution of triethyl phosphate were added and stirred at room temperature for 2 hours to obtain a coating liquid for forming irregularities.
- the above-mentioned coating solution for forming irregularities was coated on a soda lime silicate glass plate (65 mm ⁇ 15 Omm ⁇ 3 mm) which had been polished, washed, ultrasonically cleaned and dried in the same manner as in Example 1 by the method described in Example 5. . Thereafter, the glass plate was dried at 120 ° C. for 5 minutes to obtain a glass plate on which a 12-nm-thick anionic surfactant and a phosphorus-based compound-added silica uneven film were formed.
- Chain silica colloid with a diameter of 10-20 nm and a length of 40-300 nm (trade name: Snowtex OUP, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd., solid content 15% by weight) 2.6 parts by weight and 2-propanol 194.1 parts by weight were mixed at room temperature for 5 minutes, and 1.3 parts by weight of commercially available tetraethoxysilane and 1.2 parts by weight of 1N hydrochloric acid were added thereto, followed by mixing at room temperature for 5 minutes. Further, 0.8 parts by weight of a 1% ethanol solution of triethyl phosphite was added thereto, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 4 hours to obtain a coating liquid for forming irregularities.
- Example 20 In the same manner as in Example 1, the above coating liquid for forming concavities and convexities was applied on a soda lime silicate glass plate (65 mm ⁇ 15 Omm ⁇ 3 mm) which had been polished, washed, ultrasonically cleaned, and dried by the method described in Example 5. Coated. Thereafter, the glass plate was dried at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes and further heat-treated at 500 ° C. for 2 hours to obtain a glass plate having a 100 nm-thick phosphorous compound-added silica uneven film. [Example 20]
- Chain silica colloid with a diameter of 10-20 nm and a length of 40-300 nm (trade name: Snowtex OUP, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd., solid content: 15% by weight) 1.2 parts by weight, diameter: 1 0-20 nm spherical silica colloid (trade name: Snowtex 0, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd., solid content 20% by weight) 0.8 parts by weight, ethanol 198.6 parts by weight, 2-propanol 1 98 6 parts by weight were mixed at room temperature for 5 minutes, and 0.9 parts by weight of commercially available silicon tetrachloride was added thereto, followed by stirring at room temperature for 1 hour to obtain a coating liquid for forming unevenness.
- the surface (both sides) of a polyethylene terephthalate film was subjected to corona discharge treatment under the condition of charge density SO OWZm 2 under normal temperature and normal pressure in air.
- the coating liquid for forming unevenness was coated by the method. Thereafter, the polyethylene terephthalate film having a 30-nm-thick silica concavo-convex film formed thereon was obtained without being subjected to any particular heat treatment only by drying at room temperature.
- Chain silica colloid with a diameter of 10 to 20 nm and a length of 40 to 300 nm (trade name: Snowtex II UP, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd., solid content: 15% by weight) 2.3 parts by weight, ethanol 1 94.1 parts by weight, acetylacetone 1.1 parts by weight, commercially available titanium isopropoxide 1.3 parts by weight, 6N hydrochloric acid 0.3 parts by weight are stirred at room temperature for 3 hours to prepare a coating solution for forming unevenness. Obtained.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, the above coating liquid for forming unevenness was applied on a soda lime silicate glass plate (65 mm X 15 O mm X 3 mm) which had been polished, washed, ultrasonically cleaned, and dried by the method described in Example 5. Coated. Thereafter, the glass plate was dried at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes and heat-treated at 400 ° C. for 2 hours to obtain a glass plate having a 60 nm-thick titania silica uneven film.
- a soda lime silicate glass plate 65 mm X 15 O mm X 3 mm
- the glass plate after the cigarette smoke test was irradiated with an ultraviolet lamp for 8 hours so that the ultraviolet intensity on the surface was 2 mWZ cm 2 .
- the contact angle with respect to the 0.4 mg water droplet was 1 degree
- the haze evaluation was ⁇
- the perspective distortion evaluation was ⁇ , indicating that the anti-fogging property has been restored and that it has so-called self-cleaning properties. It could be confirmed.
- Titanium oxide fine particle dispersion having a diameter of about 10 nm (trade name: ST-K01, manufactured by Ishihara Industries Co., Ltd., solid content 10% by weight, titanium oxide content 8% by weight) 2.7 parts by weight, ethanol 195.3 Parts by weight, colloidal silica colloid with a diameter of 10 to 20 nm and a length of 40 to 300 nm (trade name: Snowtex OUP, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd., solid content 15% by weight) 1.4 parts by weight, commercially available Of silicon tetrachloride was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour to obtain a coating liquid for forming unevenness.
- Example 2 the coating liquid for forming the concavities and convexities was coated on a soda lime silicate glass plate (65 mm X 15 Omm X 3 mm), which had been polished, cleaned, ultrasonically cleaned, and dried, by the method described in Example 5. I did it. Thereafter, the glass plate was dried at room temperature without any particular heat treatment, and a glass plate having a 60-nm-thick titania-silica uneven film formed thereon was obtained.
- a soda lime silicate glass plate 65 mm X 15 Omm X 3 mm
- the glass plate after the cigarette smoke test has an ultraviolet intensity of 2 mWZ cm 2 on the surface. For 8 hours.
- the contact angle with respect to the 0.4 mg water droplet was 1 degree
- the haze evaluation was ⁇
- the perspective distortion evaluation was ⁇ , indicating that the anti-fogging property has been restored and that it has so-called self-cleaning properties. It could be confirmed.
- Nonion NS-220 manufactured by NOF Corporation, a non-ionic A 0.1% ethanol solution having an ionicity and an HLB value of 16.0
- a tip coating method was applied by a tip coating method and dried sufficiently at room temperature to form a surfactant layer having a thickness of about 80 nm.
- the organosilane coating solution prepared in Example 2 was applied to the glass plate on which the phosphorous compound-added silica unevenness film formed in Example 17 was formed by the method described in Example 2, and further described in Example 2. Heat treatment and post-treatment were carried out by the methods described above to obtain a glass plate with a silica-based unevenness film containing a phosphorus-based compound and having an organosilane layer having a thickness of about 8 nm and containing a polyethylene oxide group in the molecule.
- the glass plate on which the anionic surfactant and the phosphorus-based compound added in Example 18 were formed with the silicon-based unevenness film was coated with the anionic surfactant having a thickness of about 70 nm by the method described in Example 14. A layer was formed.
- Chain silica colloid with a diameter of 10-20 nm and a length of 40-300 nm (trade name: Snowtex OUP, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd., solid content 15% by weight) 2.3 parts by weight, 2-propanol 194 6 parts by weight, 1.1 parts by weight of commercially available tetraethoxysilane and 4.2 parts by weight of 35% hydrochloric acid were stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes to form a coating for forming irregularities.
- a toning solution was obtained.
- the concentration of solid content in terms of silicon oxide contributed by tetraethoxysilane is 0.15% by weight
- the acid concentration is about 0.16 mol Z liter
- the water content is about 2.33% by weight.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, the above coating liquid for forming irregularities was applied on a soda lime silicate glass plate (65 mm ⁇ 15 OmmX 3 mm) which had been polished, washed, ultrasonically cleaned, and dried by the method described in Example 5. Coated. Thereafter, the glass plate was dried by leaving it at room temperature for about 2 minutes without any heat treatment to obtain a glass plate on which a 60-nm-thick silica uneven film was formed.
- Example 26 For comparison, in the formation of the silica unevenness film, the same conditions and the same method as in Example 26 were used, except that 0.8% by weight of 1% hydrochloric acid was used instead of 4.2 parts by weight of 35% hydrochloric acid.
- a coating liquid for forming a depression was prepared.
- the solid concentration in terms of silicon oxide contributed by tetraethoxysilane is 0.15% by weight
- the acid concentration is about 0.0009 ml
- the water content is about 1.36% by weight.
- a dry cloth was pressed against the surface of the uneven film under the same method and under the same conditions as in Example 26, and this was vigorously rubbed. The occurrence of scratches on the surface of the uneven film was observed.
- Example 8 7 ⁇ ⁇ 8 ⁇ ⁇ Example 9 2 ⁇ ⁇ 5 ⁇ ⁇ Example 10 2 ⁇ ⁇ 3 ⁇ ⁇ Example 1 1 1 ⁇ ⁇ 3 ⁇ ⁇ Example 12 2 ⁇ ⁇ 4 ⁇ ⁇ Example 13 2 ⁇ ⁇ 4 ⁇ ⁇ Example 14 2 ⁇ ⁇ 4 ⁇
- Example 25 1 ⁇ ⁇ 3 ⁇ ⁇ Example 26 1 2 ⁇ ⁇ 10 0 ⁇ ⁇ Comparative example 1 2 7 X ⁇ 40 XX Comparative example 23 9 ⁇ ⁇ 40 0 ⁇ ⁇ Comparative example 3 2 3 X ⁇ 42 XX Comparative Example 4 5 ⁇ ⁇ 20 0 ⁇ ⁇ [Table 8] Water resistance • After indoor storage test Sample contact angle Cloudy distortion
- Example 5 9 ⁇ ⁇ Example 6 6 ⁇ ⁇ Example 7 11 1 ⁇ ⁇ Example 8 5 ⁇ ⁇ Example 9 4 ⁇ ⁇ Example 10 3 ⁇ ⁇ Example 1 1 3 ⁇ ⁇ Example 12 7 ⁇ Example 13 3 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ Example 14 4 ⁇ ⁇
- Example 26 1 2 ⁇ ⁇ Comparative Example 1 4 5 X X
- the antifogging glass excellent in antifogging property and antifogging durability is obtained.
- this anti-fog glass is covered with a film mainly composed of an inorganic material, it has excellent durability and abrasion resistance.
- the present invention can be used as an antifogging article in which an antifogging film or a hydrophilic film is formed on the surface of a substrate such as glass, ceramics, plastic, or metal.
- the antifogging article of the present invention is used for construction, vehicles, optical parts, industrial, agricultural, daily necessities, housing, and medical use.
- the anti-fogging article of the present invention includes, for example, a window glass, a mirror, a lens, a heat exchanger fin for an air conditioner, a biomaterial, and a film, which are excellent in durability, abrasion resistance, anti-fogging property, or hydrophilic sustainability. It is suitable for seats and showcases.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
- Materials Applied To Surfaces To Minimize Adherence Of Mist Or Water (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE1997634921 DE69734921T2 (de) | 1996-12-09 | 1997-12-08 | Antibeschlag-gegenstand und dessen herstellungsverfahren |
EP19970946147 EP0887179B1 (en) | 1996-12-09 | 1997-12-08 | Non-fogging article and process for the production thereof |
US09/117,541 US6156409A (en) | 1996-12-09 | 1997-12-08 | Non-fogging article and process for the production thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP8/328175 | 1996-12-09 | ||
JP32817596 | 1996-12-09 | ||
JP9235297 | 1997-04-10 | ||
JP9/92352 | 1997-04-10 | ||
JP20404997 | 1997-07-30 | ||
JP9/204049 | 1997-07-30 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1998025761A1 true WO1998025761A1 (fr) | 1998-06-18 |
Family
ID=27307012
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP1997/004494 WO1998025761A1 (fr) | 1996-12-09 | 1997-12-08 | Article anti-buee et son procede de production |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6156409A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0887179B1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69734921T2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1998025761A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2012141150A1 (ja) * | 2011-04-11 | 2012-10-18 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 機能性物品、輸送機器用物品、建築用物品およびコーティング用組成物 |
JP2021055035A (ja) * | 2019-10-02 | 2021-04-08 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | 親水性基材及び親水性基材作製方法 |
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- 1997-12-08 EP EP19970946147 patent/EP0887179B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-12-08 US US09/117,541 patent/US6156409A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-12-08 DE DE1997634921 patent/DE69734921T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (3)
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---|---|---|---|---|
WO2012141150A1 (ja) * | 2011-04-11 | 2012-10-18 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 機能性物品、輸送機器用物品、建築用物品およびコーティング用組成物 |
JP2021055035A (ja) * | 2019-10-02 | 2021-04-08 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | 親水性基材及び親水性基材作製方法 |
JP7467866B2 (ja) | 2019-10-02 | 2024-04-16 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | 親水性基材及び親水性基材作製方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6156409A (en) | 2000-12-05 |
EP0887179A4 (en) | 2000-08-30 |
EP0887179B1 (en) | 2005-12-21 |
DE69734921T2 (de) | 2006-09-28 |
DE69734921D1 (de) | 2006-01-26 |
EP0887179A1 (en) | 1998-12-30 |
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