WO1998021828A1 - Oscillateur d'injection/synchronisation d'ondes a frequence micro-onde/millimetrique - Google Patents
Oscillateur d'injection/synchronisation d'ondes a frequence micro-onde/millimetrique Download PDFInfo
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- WO1998021828A1 WO1998021828A1 PCT/JP1997/004060 JP9704060W WO9821828A1 WO 1998021828 A1 WO1998021828 A1 WO 1998021828A1 JP 9704060 W JP9704060 W JP 9704060W WO 9821828 A1 WO9821828 A1 WO 9821828A1
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- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 153
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 164
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 13
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009022 nonlinear effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
- H03L7/00—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
- H03L7/24—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal directly applied to the generator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
- H03L7/00—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
- H03L7/06—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
- H03L7/08—Details of the phase-locked loop
- H03L7/083—Details of the phase-locked loop the reference signal being additionally directly applied to the generator
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a small-sized, lightweight microwave-to-millimeter-wave injection-locked oscillator for wireless communication having high frequency stability and high signal purity.
- FIG 14 shows a conventional injection-locked microwave signal generator.
- Microwave and millimeter-wave amplifier 65 0 operating at fundamental oscillation frequency ⁇
- positive feedback loop 651 consisting of delay line 652 and complier / divider 653, and microwave and millimeter wave It consists of amplifiers 6 5 5.
- free oscillation first, random noise in the positive feedback loop 651 is amplified by the amplifier 650, the noise level at the fundamental oscillation frequency ⁇ increases, and circulates in the positive feedback loop 651. .
- the component grows, and a signal of the fundamental oscillation frequency f 'and a harmonic ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ' of that frequency ⁇ is generated in a steady state.
- the signal of the free fundamental oscillation frequency ⁇ with the signal of f which is m times the injection signal f 0 by forcibly injecting via 5 5, to reduce the phase noise and stabilize the frequency Can be.
- the forced signal ⁇ 0 injected from the outside generates a signal of a frequency f of f0 ⁇ m due to the nonlinearity of the microwave / milliwave amplifier 655.
- the free fundamental oscillation frequency ⁇ is in the vicinity (f ′ ⁇ f) of the harmonic ⁇ oxm of the injection signal
- the signal of the free fundamental oscillation frequency ⁇ becomes the harmonic ⁇ 0 xm (m : integer) of the injection signal.
- the signal is synchronized with the harmonic signal foxm, and is output from the output unit 670. This makes it possible to reduce the phase noise of the fundamental oscillation frequency ⁇ 'and stabilize the frequency.
- the phase control is performed by the line length of the positive feedback loop 651 including the delay line 652 and the compiler divider 653, and the fundamental oscillation frequency ⁇ is determined.
- the frequency ⁇ increases, the line length of the positive feedback loop 651 becomes short, and it becomes difficult to control the fundamental oscillation frequency ⁇ .
- the injection signal input through the amplifier 655 is output to the output terminal 670 from the transmission characteristic between D and C of the compiner / divider 655, so that The signal extracted from the output terminal 670 is a signal containing not only a desired wave but also many unnecessary waves.
- the frequency can be slightly changed by changing the bias point of the amplifier 650, the fundamental oscillation frequency ⁇ cannot be changed basically.
- the locking range during injection locking is increased, Can be made variable, but if the Q value of the circuit is small, the fundamental oscillation frequency ⁇ ⁇ becomes unstable due to the effects of environmental temperature, etc. Synchronization is lost. To achieve stable injection locking, it is limited to near the center of the locking range. For these reasons, the circuit configuration as described above has a problem that it is difficult to increase the frequency to a Milli-wave, reduce unnecessary signal, and vary the frequency. Disclosure of the invention
- a main object of the present invention is to reduce unnecessary signal, expand the variable frequency range, and increase the frequency of the Millimeter wave. It is to provide an oscillator.
- the present invention provides a reflection-type voltage-controlled oscillator having a controllable fundamental oscillation frequency without forming a positive feedback loop, which is connected to an active element via a resonator.
- a serial arrangement is used for direct signal injection. That is, the present invention provides an active element section, a resonance circuit connected to one end of the active element section and resonating at a predetermined frequency f, and a resonance circuit connected to the other end of the active element section.
- An oscillation circuit unit having a harmonic output circuit for extracting a signal having an n (n: integer) higher harmonic component of the signal having the following from the resonance circuit; and a reference signal for synchronizing the frequency of the signal in the resonance circuit.
- the resonance circuit includes a transmission line and a capacitance element
- the input means is provided at one end of the transmission line or the capacitance element
- the reference signal is f Zm (m : integer) Has the following frequency components.
- the injection circuit section may include a low-frequency crystal oscillator.
- the injection circuit unit may include a signal generator and a wideband nonlinear amplifier having an amplification degree between frequencies fZm to nf.
- the injection circuit unit may further include an h delay doubler (h: an integer) connected between the signal generator and the broadband nonlinear amplifier.
- the capacitance element of the resonance circuit section is formed by connecting two varactor diodes in series in opposite directions to each other, and injecting a signal from the injection circuit section into a connection midpoint of the varactor diode. It may be.
- the capacitance element of the resonance circuit section may be configured between two terminals of a microwave transistor, and may be configured by injecting a signal from the injection circuit section into the remaining one terminal.
- the capacitive element of the resonance circuit section has two collector and base terminals in common, one emitter terminal connected to the transmission line, and the other emitter terminal grounded to two microwaves. It may be configured by a transistor and by injecting a signal from the injection circuit unit into the common collector and base terminals.
- the output signal uses the n-th harmonic of the basic plate having the basic oscillation frequency.
- a phase-locked oscillator having high stability and low phase noise characteristics used in digital wireless communication can be used. Therefore, a small-sized, low-cost Millimeter-wave band injection-locked oscillator becomes possible. There is no need to oscillate signals in the millimeter wave band directly. Assuming that harmonics are used, a fundamental oscillation of 15 GHz can output a signal of 60 GHz.
- the synchronization range during injection locking can be extended by using the nonlinearity of the oscillation circuit, and the nonlinearity of the amplifier and delay multiplier.
- variable capacitance element while electrically controlling the free oscillation frequency, by controlling injection locking at the same time, c also becomes possible to widen considerably the variable range of frequencies, the broadband amplifier Ya ⁇ device Unnecessary wave components generated by the non-linear action are suppressed through the operation process of injection locking, and are hardly output at the output part, so that a filter for removing these signal components becomes unnecessary.
- the present invention provides a frequency negative feedback loop described below, which allows a voltage controlled oscillator (voltage control oscillator (VCO)) to freely oscillate.
- VCO voltage controlled oscillator
- the frequency is controlled to synchronize the frequency with the reference signal source.
- the free oscillation frequency of the output signal can follow the frequency of the injection signal. Therefore, the phase of the injection signal and the phase of the signal synchronized by this injection can always be kept in a constant relationship, and the injection locking range can be widened.
- the configuration of a microwave / millimeter-wave injection-locked oscillator according to one embodiment of the present invention that realizes this is as described below.
- the injection circuit section includes a reference signal generator that generates the reference signal
- the oscillation circuit section further includes a duplexer provided on the output side of the resonance circuit.
- the injection-locked oscillator has a frequency mixer to which a signal from the demultiplexer and a signal from the reference signal generator are input, and outputs an error signal output from the frequency mixer to the common oscillator.
- a frequency negative feedback loop that feeds back to the oscillation circuit and frequency-synchronizes the resonance circuit with a signal from the reference signal generator.
- a frequency negative feedback loop is configured to synchronize the free oscillation frequency of the oscillation circuit with the reference signal generated by the reference signal generator.
- this injection-locked oscillator can be used as a signal source for synchronous detection, and can stabilize the output signal of the nth harmonic, reduce phase noise, and reduce spurious signals. Can be suppressed. Further, the injection locking range can be widened.
- phase noise and the pull-in time are controlled by the injection locking method without being controlled by the loop filter or low-pass filter, high-speed pull-in and low phase noise can be achieved, and the frequency variable range can be expanded. .
- the microwave and millimeter wave injection locked oscillator may include a distributor for distributing a signal from the reference signal generator to two sides of the input unit and the frequency mixer.
- the signal from the reference signal generator can be distributed to the input means and the frequency mixer by the distributor to be used for two operations of injection locking and frequency negative feedback loop. .
- the frequency negative feedback loop may include an m-th order multiplier connected between the distributor and the frequency mixer.
- the frequency of the reference signal generated by the reference signal generator is multiplied by m using an m-th order multiplier, and then input to the frequency mixer. Therefore, high A phase-locked oscillator having high stability and low phase noise characteristics and used in digital radio communication in a quasi-microwave band or the like can be used as the reference signal generator. Therefore, the reference signal generator can be reduced in size and cost, and a small and low-cost frequency synthesizer can be realized.
- the oscillation circuit section includes an n-th harmonic matching circuit connected to the demultiplexer and extracting the n-th harmonic from the resonance circuit, the n-th harmonic matching circuit outputs a reference signal The n-th harmonic of the frequency can be extracted at the maximum output.
- the microwave / millimeter wave injection locked oscillator may include an h-order harmonic amplifier connected between the reference signal generator and the distributor.
- the h-order harmonic amplifier receives the signal from the reference signal generator and generates the h-order harmonic of the signal at the previous stage of the resonance circuit, so that the output efficiency of harmonic generation should be increased. Can be. In addition, the operating frequency of the reference signal generator can be lowered to reduce costs.
- an m-order multiplier can be connected between the distributor and the frequency mixer, in addition to the h-order high-frequency amplifier.
- the synchronization frequency is further increased, and the signal frequency output from the oscillation circuit section is further increased. it can.
- an h-order harmonic amplifier may be connected between the distributor and the input means, and a frequency divider may be connected between the duplexer and the frequency mixer.
- the h-order harmonic amplifier since the h-order harmonic amplifier is connected between the distributor and the input means, the reference signal before input to the h-order harmonic amplifier is input to the frequency negative feedback loop.
- the h-order harmonic The h-order harmonic is input from the amplifier. Then, the harmonic from the splitter is frequency-divided by the divider to reduce the frequency and input to the frequency mixer.
- the operating frequency of the frequency mixer can be suppressed low without lowering the oscillation frequency of the oscillation circuit section, and the frequency negative feedback loop can be manufactured simply and inexpensively.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a basic configuration example of a first embodiment of a microwave / millie wave injection locked oscillator according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a specific circuit configuration example of the embodiment of FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a circuit configuration example of the resonance circuit unit.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a basic configuration of a second embodiment of the microwave and millimeter wave injection locked oscillator according to the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a basic configuration of a third embodiment of the microwave and millimeter wave injection locked oscillator according to the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating another example of the circuit configuration of the resonance circuit unit.
- FIG. 7 is an equivalent circuit diagram when a transistor is used as a varactor.
- C FIG. 8 is a diagram showing still another circuit configuration example of the resonance circuit section.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a circuit configuration of a microwave and millimeter wave injection locked oscillator according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a circuit configuration of the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a circuit configuration of the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a circuit configuration of the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a circuit configuration of the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a conventional microphone mouth wave injection locked oscillation circuit. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- FIG. 1 is a basic configuration diagram of a first embodiment of an injection-locked oscillator according to the present invention.
- the circuit of the present invention is roughly composed of an oscillation circuit section 15 and an injection circuit section 16.
- the active element section 1 having a negative resistance component at the frequency ⁇ includes the reflection feedback control circuit 2 for controlling the reflection feedback gain at the frequency f and the harmonic nxf (n: an integer) component. It is connected to an nth-order harmonic matching circuit 3 for extracting a signal having the same, and is connected to a frequency variable resonance circuit (hereinafter simply referred to as a resonance circuit) 4 that resonates at a frequency f composed of a varactor capacitance element and a transmission line.
- a resonance circuit hereinafter simply referred to as a resonance circuit
- the signal generator 5 of the injection circuit section 16 is a signal generator for injecting a signal having a frequency component of i Zm (m : integer) into the resonance circuit 4 as a reference signal for frequency synchronization.
- a signal input terminal 7 is provided at an arbitrary end of the transmission line or the capacitive element of the resonance circuit unit 4, and a signal having a frequency component of f Zm (m: an integer) is injected into the resonance circuit 4 from the signal input terminal 7. I am trying to do
- the frequency stability of the free oscillation signal (frequency ⁇ ) in the microwave band and millimeter wave band having such a configuration is particularly high in a monolithic circuit because the Q value of the resonance circuit 4 cannot be increased. It is significantly lower than the stability of a crystal oscillator.
- the phase synchronization between the quasi-mic mouthband with crystal oscillator and the microphone mouthband A signal generator having a high signal purity such as an oscillator is used as the signal generator 5 for generating a signal having a frequency fZm.
- the signal of the frequency f from the signal generator 5 is applied to the resonance circuit 4 through the signal input terminal 7, and due to the non-linearity of the oscillation circuit unit 15, the i-th order (i Integer) Generates harmonics (f / m) xi.
- the free fundamental oscillation frequency ⁇ of the oscillator near the frequency f or its nth harmonic component ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ is drawn into the harmonic (iZm) Xi component of the injection signal.
- the synchronized harmonic signal nxf is output from the output unit 49 via the n-th harmonic matching circuit 3.
- the nth-order harmonic matching circuit 3 constitutes a harmonic output circuit described in the claims.
- the frequency stability of the microwave and millimeter-wave oscillators can be increased to the level of a crystal oscillator, and the phase noise of the oscillator can be reduced.
- the oscillation circuit section 15 directly oscillates the millimeter wave band signal (for example, 60 GHz). For example, if the fundamental oscillation is performed at 15 GHz using the fourth harmonic, a signal of 60 GHz can be output.
- the frequency range to be synchronized during injection locking is multiplied by mxn when viewed from the injection signal frequency i / m, so that it can be expanded to mxn times.
- the free oscillation frequency ⁇ can be varied by the varactor element, not only the frequency variability due to injection locking but also the injection locking while electrically controlling the free oscillation frequency ⁇ can be improved. Because it can be controlled, the variable range of the frequency can be greatly expanded.
- the resonance circuit 4 is described using a varactor variable capacitance element. It is possible. However, in this case, the function of changing the free oscillation frequency is limited to only the bias voltage of the active element section 1 described above.
- FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing a specific example. The same symbols as those in Fig. 1 are used for the same parts.
- the microwave and millimeter wave injection locked oscillator of the present invention includes an oscillation circuit section 15 and an injection circuit section 16 for inputting an injection signal.
- the oscillation circuit section 15 will be described.
- the nth-order harmonic matching circuit 3 as a harmonic output circuit to be extracted, the resonance circuit 4, and the output section 49 constitute an oscillation circuit section 15.
- the active element unit 1 having a negative resistance component at a frequency f is configured by a microwave transistor 11 such as an FET, an HEMT or an HBT, and a series feedback element 12 including a MIM capacitor and a short stub.
- the microwave transistor 11 may be any device of FET, HEMT, or HBT.
- the HEMT unipolar transistor any of a source ground, a gate ground, and a drain ground may be used.
- the bipolar transistor (1) any of the emitter ground, the base ground, and the collector ground may be used.
- the emitter grounding of ⁇ is used as an example.
- the reflection feedback control circuit 2 for controlling the reflection feedback gain at the frequency f includes a transistor bias circuit and is composed of T-type distributed constant lines Tl, T2, and T3. You.
- the lengths t1, t2, and t3 of each distributed constant line greatly depend on the oscillation frequency and the performance of the transistor, but the microwaves must be at least capable of obtaining a reflection gain that exceeds the line loss of the resonance circuit 4.
- the output impedance of transistor 11 is controlled by the length t1, t3 of the distributed parameter line.
- the nth-order harmonic matching circuit unit 3 for extracting a signal having the harmonic 4 X 15 GHz (n-4) component is composed of distributed constant transmission lines T2, T4, T5, and T6 including open stubs.
- the lengths t2, t4, t5, and t6 of each transmission line are adjusted to match the output load of 50 ⁇ at 60 GHz.
- the balanced open stubs T4 and T6 are used, but either T4 or ⁇ 6 may be used, and a short stub or the like may be used instead of the open stub.
- the resonance circuit 4 includes a transmission line ⁇ 7, a bias supply circuit 21 for the transistor 11 and a capacitor 22 for DC cut, and bias circuits 24 for the variable capacitance elements 23 and 32 and the variable capacitance elements 23 and 32.
- the length t7 of the transmission line T7 is configured to have a length of approximately one to four wavelengths including the length of the DC cut capacitor.
- a signal input terminal 7 is provided at an arbitrary end of the transmission line T7 or an arbitrary end of the capacitive element 23, and a signal having a frequency component of f / m (m : an integer) is injected through the signal input terminal 7.
- Injection circuit section 16 is connected.
- two (twin) varactor diodes 23 and 32 are used as variable capacitance elements arranged in series in opposite directions. However, only one varactor diode 23 may be used.
- a variable capacity function may be used.
- the injection circuit section 16 includes the signal generator 5.
- a 7.5 GHz signal is used as the injection signal.
- the output impedance of signal generator 5 is Z s ⁇ 50 ⁇ .
- the frequency that cannot be synchronized mainly depends on the cut-off frequency performance of the microwave transistor 11.
- the frequency stability is significantly lower than the stability of the crystal oscillator.c
- the free oscillation frequency ⁇ (around 15 GHz) of the oscillation circuit section 15 and its first, second, third, and fourth harmonics are the harmonics of this injected signal.
- the output harmonic signal is output as a 6.0 GHz signal from the output unit 49 via the n-th harmonic output matching circuit unit 3 having a fourth harmonic matching circuit. Is output.
- the frequency stability of the microwave and millimeter-wave oscillator can be increased to the level of a crystal oscillator, and the phase noise of the oscillator can be reduced.
- the frequency variable width in the 60 GHz band can be expanded to 8 times since the synchronization range at the time of injection locking is multiplied by 2 ⁇ 4 delay due to the nonlinearity of the active element section 1.
- the variable capacitance elements 23 and 32 electrically control the free oscillation frequency and simultaneously control the injection locking, thereby making it possible to greatly widen the frequency variable range.
- FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing a second specific example. Same as in Figure 2 ⁇ Synonymous parts use the same symbols. The operation principle is the same as that of the first specific example shown in FIG. 2, and only different portions will be described.
- a signal input terminal 7 is provided at any one end of the capacitive elements 23, 32, and a reference signal having a frequency component of fZm (m: an integer) is injected from the signal input terminal 7 to the signal input terminal 7.
- fZm an integer
- the signal input terminal 7 for injecting a signal having a frequency component of is provided at the terminal 25 of the variable capacitance element 23.
- two varactor diodes 23 and 32 are formed as a variable capacitance element by arranging them in series in opposite directions to each other, and the midpoint 2 between the two varactor diodes 23 and 32 is formed.
- a signal having a frequency component of f / m (m : an integer) is injected.
- the injection signal input point In the case of 25 the DC voltage cancels each other out, so even if the free oscillation frequency is changed by changing the varactor voltage, the offset voltage of the diode voltage is not affected by the injection signal, and the oscillation wave
- the injection locking operation can be performed stably without fluctuation of the amplitude.
- FIG. 4 shows a basic configuration of the second embodiment of the present invention. Same as Fig. 1 ⁇ The same symbols are used for the same parts.
- the oscillation circuit section 15 is of the same type as that described above, and only the injection circuit section 16 will be described.
- a broadband nonlinear amplifier 8 having an amplification degree between the frequencies f Zm and n f is connected to the injection signal input terminal 7 of the oscillation circuit section 15.
- a signal generator 5 is connected to the input side of the wideband amplifier 8, and a signal having a frequency of f (km) (k: an integer) is injected from an input terminal 10 to thereby provide a non-linear amplifier. Width, i / (km), 2 f / (km), 3 f / (km), 4 f / (km)
- the oscillation circuit section 15 is synchronized with any one of the frequency components of f / m to nf. Note that the synchronization depends on the input signal power levels of the frequency components i / m to nf and the nonlinearity of the oscillation circuit unit 15. In addition, the oscillation circuit section 15 has a capability of synchronizing to a signal of an integral frequency (subharmonic) to an integral multiple (harmonic) of the free oscillation frequency by a nonlinear action. The operation after synchronization is the same as in Fig. 1.
- the signal frequency for injection locking can be further reduced as compared with the case of FIG. 1, and the crystal used in digital radio communication in the UHF band or the like is used.
- a phase-locked oscillator using an oscillation element can be used as an injection signal source Becomes
- Signal generator 5 is connected. This signal is nonlinearly amplified by injecting a signal with a frequency of 1.25 GHz into the amplifier 8, and the frequency is 7.5 GHz, 8.75 GHz, 10 GHz, 11.25 GHz, 12.5 Hz.
- a signal having a superior frequency component of 30 GHz is input from the input terminal 7 to the oscillation circuit unit 15.
- a phase-locked oscillator having a low-frequency crystal oscillator such as 1.25 GHz, for example.
- the amplifier 8 in the direction from the oscillation circuit section 15 to the injection circuit section 16, by using the amplifier 8, high-frequency electrical isolation between the oscillation circuit section 15 and the injection circuit section 16 can be ensured, so that stable operation of the circuit can be achieved. It becomes possible. Further, there is also an advantage that unnecessary wave components generated from the amplifier 8 are suppressed by the injection locking operation process due to the nonlinear amplification of the amplifier 8, and almost no output is output to the output unit 49. , Useful. Regarding the frequency variable width, due to the non-linearity of the active element section 1 and the non-linearity of the amplifier 8, the locking range at the time of injection locking is k x mx n Because it is multiplied, it can be expanded to kxmxn times.
- the frequency can be greatly expanded.
- the non-linearity and amplification degree of the broadband amplifier 8 are used, but similar effects can be obtained by using the non-linearity and conversion gain of the duplexer.
- the frequency variable range can be greatly expanded. Becomes possible.
- FIG. 5 shows a basic configuration diagram of the third embodiment of the present invention. Same as Fig. 1 'Synonymous parts used the same symbols. Only the differences will be described.
- the input terminal 7 of the oscillation circuit section 15 is connected to a wide band amplifier 8 having an amplification degree between the frequencies f / mnf. Further, an h (: integer) delay multiplier 9 is connected to the input side of the amplifier 8, and a signal generating a frequency of ⁇ / (hmk) (h: integer) is connected to an input terminal 10 of the week multiplier 9. Generator 5 is connected. By injecting a signal that generates a frequency component of f / (hmk) (h: an integer) into the input terminal 10, the signal is delayed by h in the h delay doubler 9 and further nonlinearly amplified by the wideband amplification circuit 8.
- the frequency component of fZm nf becomes an excellent signal, and is input from the signal input terminal section 7 to the oscillation circuit section 15.
- the signal of the free oscillation frequency ⁇ or the high frequency having the frequency nx f ′ of the oscillation circuit section 15 is drawn into and synchronized with any one of the frequency components of f / m ⁇ ((this period is f 111 11 f frequency component input signal Power level and the nonlinearity of the oscillator circuit section 15. This is the same as the embodiment in FIG. 4).
- the operation after synchronization is the same as in FIG.
- the amplifier 8 is usually constituted by a transistor circuit, and when the delay multiplier 8 is particularly constituted by a transistor circuit, the amplifier 8 comprising these transistor circuits or the high-frequency amplifier and the delay multiplier is used.
- the signal frequency for injection locking can be further reduced as compared with the case of FIG. It is possible to use a phase-locked oscillator with high stability and low phase noise characteristics and a direct digital synthesizer used in wireless communication.
- the frequency range synchronized during injection locking depends on the nonlinearity of the active element 1 and the nonlinearity of the amplifier 8 and the characteristics of the delay multiplier 9.
- the variable oscillation element can electrically control the free oscillation frequency and simultaneously control injection locking, greatly expanding the frequency variable range.
- a signal having a predominant frequency component of 0 GHz and 30 GHz is input from the input terminal section 7 to the oscillation circuit section 15.
- the input terminal 10 of the four-multiplier 9 can be connected to the signal generator 5 that can switch high-speed frequencies such as a direct digital synthesizer having a frequency of 312.5 MHz. is there.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing another configuration example of the resonance circuit unit 4. As shown in FIG. Figures 2 and 3 are the same and have the same symbols as in Figure 3. The difference from FIGS. 2 and 3 is that, in this embodiment, a three-terminal element of the microwave transistor 33 is used, and this is used as a variable capacitor. By using a three-terminal element, the collector terminal C can be connected to the capacitor 22 of the DC cut on the resonance circuit side, the emitter E can be grounded, and the base terminal B can be used as the injection signal terminal.
- FIG. 7 shows an equivalent circuit model of the transistor 33. As is clear from FIG. 7, a varactor diode D 1, D 2 forms a series and opposite twin diode type similar to FIG.
- the base terminal B may be connected to the capacitor 22 of the DC cut on the resonance circuit side, the emitter E may be grounded, and the collector terminal C may be used as the injection signal terminal. Also in this case, a variable frequency characteristic of the free oscillation frequency can be obtained, and an injection locking characteristic can be obtained. Furthermore, as another connection method, even if the emitter terminal E is connected to the capacitance 22 of the DC cut on the resonance circuit side, the base terminal B is grounded, and the collector terminal C is used as the injection signal terminal, the variable frequency of the free oscillation frequency can be changed. Characteristics can be obtained, and injection synchronization characteristics can be obtained.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing still another configuration example of the resonance circuit section 4.
- the same symbols as those in Figs. 2, 3 and 6 have the same symbols.
- one transistor 33 is used as the variable capacitance element.
- the variable capacitance element is formed using two transistors 33 and 34. That is, with respect to the two transistors 33 and 34, the emitter terminal E of one transistor 33 is connected to the capacitor 22 of the DC cut on the resonance circuit side, and the emitter terminal E of the other transistor 34 is grounded.
- the base terminals B and B of both transistors 33 and 34 and the collector terminals C and C of both transistors 33 and 34 are connected to node 28. Connected.
- the node 28 is connected to the bias circuit 24 of the transistor and the injection circuit 16.
- the base emitter diodes D2 having the same diode characteristics in series and in opposite directions, equivalently, the same state as that of FIG. 2 can be realized.
- the base / collector terminals B and C are connected to the base terminal to have the same potential, but in the present embodiment, the collector terminals C and C may be open respectively. Even with such a configuration, a variable frequency characteristic of the free oscillation frequency can be obtained, and an injection locking characteristic can be obtained.
- each of the collector terminals C may be connected to a resistance element. Even with such a configuration, a variable frequency characteristic of the free oscillation frequency can be obtained, and an injection locking characteristic can be obtained.
- each of the collector terminals C may be directly grounded. Even with such a configuration, a variable frequency characteristic of the free oscillation frequency can be obtained, and an injection locking characteristic can be obtained.
- the output signal of the nth harmonic output to the output terminal 49 is output.
- the frequency of the injection signal from signal generator 5 at the start of the synchronization range When it is constant between the number (minimum frequency) and the frequency (maximum frequency) at the end point of the synchronization range, the phase of the output signal of the n-th harmonic is the same between the minimum frequency signal and the maximum frequency signal of the synchronization range.
- the phase may be rotated by nx ( ⁇ 90) degrees, and the phase may not be constant during this synchronization range.
- FIG. 9 shows a basic configuration of a microwave and millimeter wave injection locked oscillator according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Same as Figures 1 to 8 ⁇ The same parts have the same symbols.
- This oscillator is roughly divided into an oscillation circuit section 15, an injection circuit section 16, and a frequency negative feedback loop section 17.
- the oscillation circuit section 15 includes a frequency variable resonance circuit 4, an active element section 1, a reflection feedback control circuit 2, a duplexer 18, and an nth harmonic matching circuit 3.
- the frequency variable resonance circuit 4 has a variable capacitance element 101 composed of a varactor diode and transmission lines 102 a, 102 b, and 102 c.
- the transmission line 102 a is connected to the signal input terminal 7.
- the capacitor 104 and the variable capacitor 101 are connected to the signal input terminal 7, and the variable capacitor 101 is grounded.
- a connection point between the variable capacitance element 101 and the input terminal 7 is connected to a series circuit of a resistor R1 and a capacitance element C1, and this series circuit is grounded.
- a resistor R2 is connected to a connection point between the resistor R1 and the capacitive element C1, and the resistor R2 is grounded.
- a voltage control terminal 6 is connected to a connection point between the resistor R1 and the capacitor C1.
- the capacitive element 104 is connected to the transmission line 102b, and the transmission line 102b is connected to the transmission line 102c.
- a capacitive element C2 is connected to the transmission line 102c, and the capacitive element C2 is grounded. Further, resistors R3 and R4 are connected in series to the transmission line 102c, and the resistor R4 is grounded.
- variable frequency resonance circuit 4 resonates at the control frequency ⁇ .
- the active element section 1 is composed of a microphone microwave transistor Tr 1 having a reflection feedback gain at an oscillation control frequency ⁇ .
- the base of the microwave transistor Tr1 is connected to the transmission line 102b, and the collector of the transistor Tr1 is connected to the capacitive element C3 and the transmission line 105 in parallel. I have. The capacitive element C3 and the transmission line 105 are grounded.
- the active element section 1 is connected between the variable frequency resonance circuit 4 and the reflection feedback control circuit 2.
- the reflection feedback control circuit 2 has a transmission line T1 connected to the emitter of the transistor Tr1, and the transmission line T2 is connected to the transmission line T1. Further, a series circuit of the transmission line T3 and the capacitive element C5 is connected to a connection point of the transmission lines T1 and T2, and this series circuit is grounded. Further, the transmission line T 2 is connected to the duplexer 18. This reflection feedback control circuit 2 controls the reflection feedback gain at the oscillation control frequency ⁇ .
- the ⁇ -order harmonic output circuit 3 is a transmission line connected to the duplexer 18.
- a transmission line ⁇ 4 and a transmission line ⁇ 6 are connected to a connection point between the transmission line ⁇ 5 and the duplexer 13.
- the transmission line 5 is connected to an output unit 49.
- the ⁇ -order harmonic output circuit 3 extracts a signal having a harmonic nxf (n: integer) component from the signal obtained from the duplexer 18 and outputs the signal to the output unit 49.
- the injection circuit section 16 has a signal generator 5.
- a power distributor 13 is connected to the signal generator 5 via a transmission line 111.
- One output terminal of the power distributor 13 is connected to the resonance circuit 4, and the other output terminal is connected to the frequency negative feedback loop unit 17 via the transmission line 112. I have.
- the signal generator 5 is a phase-locked oscillator having high signal purity, and includes a crystal oscillator.
- the signal 54 from the signal generator 5 is divided into two by the power divider 13, and one signal 53 is injected into the transmission line 102 a of the resonance circuit 4.
- the other signal 52 is input to the frequency negative feedback loop unit 17 and is input to the frequency mixer 122 via the m-th order multiplier 121.
- the frequency negative feedback loop unit 17 includes an m-th order multiplier 122, a frequency mixer 122, a bandpass filter 124, and a one-pass filter 123.
- the m-order delay multiplier 12 1 is connected to the other output terminal of the power divider 13 of the injection circuit section 16, and the m-order delay multiplier 12 21 is frequency-mixed via a transmission line. It is connected to one input terminal of the device 122.
- the output terminal of the frequency mixer 122 is connected to the variable capacitance voltage control terminal 6 of the resonance circuit 4 via a one-pass filter 123.
- a bandpass filter 124 is connected to the other input terminal of the frequency mixer 122 via a high-frequency transmission line 75 that is a distributed constant line. This bandpass filter 124 is connected to the duplexer 18.
- the reflection feedback control circuit of the oscillation circuit section 15 is used.
- the fundamental wave oscillating signal 51 extracted by the duplexer 18 connected to the output side of the path unit 2 is input to the frequency mixer 122 via the bandpass filter 24.
- one signal 52 of the signal divided into two by the power divider 13 of the injection circuit part 16 is multiplied by m by the m-order delay multiplier 21 and input to the frequency mixer 122. . Then, the frequency of the signal 51 and the frequency of the signal 52 are compared by the frequency mixer 122.
- the frequency mixer 1 2 2 outputs an output signal 5 5 to the low-pass filter 12 3, and this output signal 55 returns from the low-pass filter 12 3 to the variable capacitance voltage control terminal 6 of the oscillation circuit section 15. Is to be entered.
- a signal 53 from a signal generator (reference signal source) 5 distributed by the power distributor 13 is injected into one end of the transmission line 102 a of the resonance circuit 4. Then, due to the nonlinearity of the oscillation circuit section 15, an m-order harmonic of the frequency f 0 of the signal generator 5 is generated inside the oscillation circuit section 15, and the m-order harmonic is added to the oscillation circuit section 15. The frequency and phase of the signal are synchronized. This synchronization speed is 100 to 1000 times higher than the synchronization speed of the frequency negative feedback loop unit 17 described below.
- the synchronization characteristics due to this injection signal are different from the synchronization characteristics due to the frequency negative feedback loop unit 17 and do not depend on the low-pass filter 123 in the frequency negative feedback loop unit 17. However, noise can be reduced.
- the oscillation circuit section 15 freely oscillates in the vicinity of the control frequency f due to the reflection feedback gain characteristics of the resonance circuit 4 having the control frequency ⁇ and the active element section 1.
- This free oscillation frequency ⁇ can be changed by changing the resonance frequency ⁇ in the frequency variable resonance circuit 4. it can.
- a free oscillation signal of frequency ⁇ by the oscillation circuit section 15 is taken out by the demultiplexer 18 and inputted to the frequency negative feedback loop section 17, and the frequencies f to f are outputted by the bandpass filter 124. 'After removing signals outside the peripheral band from the free oscillation signal, input the signal to the frequency mixer 122.
- the signal 54 output from the signal generator 5 is input to the m-th multiplier 122 via the power distributor 13 and multiplied by m.
- the m-delay harmonic output from the m-th week multiplier 12 1 is a signal 52 having little noise and having the same stability as a crystal oscillator.
- the signal 52 and the signal 51 from the splitter 18 are input to the frequency mixer 122, and the frequencies are compared.
- the frequency mixer 1 2 2 generates an error signal 55 of the signals 51 and 52, and only the error signal 55 is taken out via the mouth-pass filter 123 to obtain a variable capacitance. Feedback input to voltage control terminal 6.
- the oscillation frequency of the oscillation circuit section 15 changes with the voltage of the error signal 55. More specifically, the polarity of the variable capacitance voltage control terminal 6 and the polarity of the error signal voltage 55 are set to be negative feedback with respect to the oscillation frequency of the oscillation circuit unit 15.
- the free oscillation frequency ⁇ of the oscillation circuit unit 15 becomes equal to the n-delay harmonic 52 of the reference signal from the signal generator 5. It approaches a stable, low-noise signal.
- the frequency negative feedback loop unit 17 by operating the frequency negative feedback loop unit 17 during the injection locking operation, the frequency can be made closer to the mduct harmonic of the reference oscillation frequency. Therefore, the oscillation frequency of the oscillation circuit section 15 can be narrowed down to a frequency region where injection locking is performed.
- the frequency negative feedback loop By controlling the feedback voltage, the free oscillation frequency ⁇ of the oscillation circuit section 15 can be changed, and the free oscillation frequency f ′ can follow the frequency of the injection signal. Therefore, synchronization can be applied up to the frequency voltage control range of the frequency variable resonance circuit 4, the synchronization range can be widened, and the problem of the conventional injection locked oscillator having a narrow synchronization range can be solved.
- another problem of the injection locked oscillator that the phase is shifted by about 180 ° at the start point and the end point of the frequency range in which injection locking is performed is also caused by the frequency negative feedback loop.
- the operation can be eliminated by the operation of section 17, and the phase can be kept constant at the start and end points of the frequency range in which injection locking is performed.
- a signal whose frequency and phase are synchronized with the m delay harmonic ⁇ frequency: (f Zm) xm ⁇ of the reference signal of the signal generator 5 becomes a basic oscillation wave .
- the oscillation by nonlinearity of the circuit 1 5 generates harmonics of the oscillation frequency f, n order by harmonic matching circuit 3, the desired output portion 4 of the c oscillation circuit 1 5 the high-frequency signal can be taken out 9
- the problem of the conventional injection-locked oscillator can be solved by the action of the frequency / phase synchronization by the frequency negative feedback loop unit 17 and high-speed frequency synchronization and phase synchronization can be achieved.
- a microwave and millimeter-wave frequency synthesizer with low phase noise can be realized.
- the portions other than the reference signal generator 5 are configured by analog circuits, they can be monolithically formed on a GaAs substrate.
- the signal 53 from the injection circuit section 16 is injected into one end of the transmission line 102a.
- the signal 53 is injected into any one end of the capacitive element 104. May be. Also, it may be injected into an arbitrary end of the transmission line 102a or 102b.
- FIG. 10 shows a configuration of a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the fifth embodiment is a microwave / millimeter wave injection locked oscillator having a frequency negative feedback loop, similarly to the fourth embodiment, and the operation principle is the same. Therefore, in FIG. 10, portions having the same meaning as in FIG. 9 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and different portions will be mainly described.
- the fifth embodiment is different from the fourth embodiment in that an injection circuit section 16 is connected to a high-frequency amplifier 110 and a band-pass filter 1 connected in sequence to the output side of a signal generator 5. There are only two points, that is, the point that the frequency feedback loop unit 17 is not provided and the point that the frequency negative feedback loop unit 17 is not provided with the m delay multiplier 12 1.
- the frequency f of the h-order harmonic is (h x f o), which is a frequency near the free oscillation frequency ⁇ .
- the signal 52 transmitted from the injection circuit section 16 through the power divider 13 is directly input to the frequency mixer 122 without passing through the frequency multiplier. Will be done.
- the harmonic amplifier 110 since the harmonic amplifier 110 generates harmonics outside the oscillation circuit section 15, the output efficiency of harmonic generation can be increased, and therefore, the signal as the reference signal source can be increased.
- the operating frequency of the generator 5 can be lowered.
- the injection locking range can be widened and stable injection locking characteristics can be obtained. Therefore, according to the fifth embodiment, a more stable operation characteristic can be obtained together with the improvement of the frequency'phase synchronization characteristic by the frequency negative feedback loop 17.
- a 1.5 GHz signal generator 5 with a crystal oscillator can be used to output a stable, low-phase noise of 60 GHz from the output 49 of the oscillation circuit 15.
- the signal can be extracted.
- phase-locked oscillator phase-locking oscillator (PLO)
- PLO phase-locking oscillator
- the signal 53 from the injection circuit unit 16 is Although the signal 53 is injected into one end of the capacitor 102a, the signal 53 may be injected into an arbitrary end of the capacitor 104. Also, it may be injected into an arbitrary end of the transmission line 102a or 102b.
- FIG. 11 shows a configuration of a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- the sixth embodiment is a microwave / millimeter-wave injection-locked oscillator having a frequency negative feedback loop, as in the fifth embodiment. Therefore, in FIG. 11, the same parts as those in FIG. 10 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and different points will be mainly described.
- the sixth embodiment is different from the fifth embodiment only in that the frequency negative feedback loop unit 17 includes an m-th order multiplier 22 Km (integer).
- the sixth embodiment has a configuration in which the fourth embodiment and the fifth embodiment are combined.
- the frequency of this h-order harmonic is the frequency f ox h, which is I Zm of the fundamental oscillation control frequency f, that is, h times f / m.
- the frequency signal component 54 near 1 / m of the fundamental oscillation frequency f is extracted by the bandpass filter 125, and the signal component 54 is divided into two by the power distributor 13.
- One signal 53 is injected into one end of the transmission line 102 a of the resonance circuit 4.
- the oscillation circuit section 15 to which the signal 53 is input generates harmonics of the reference signal due to the nonlinearity inside the oscillation circuit section 15.
- Other operations are the same as those of the fourth and fifth embodiments.
- the output frequency of the signal output from the output unit 49 of the oscillation circuit unit 15 can be further increased. it can.
- the free fundamental oscillation frequency of the oscillation circuit unit 15 is 30 GHz, and that a 1.5-GHz signal generator 5 having a crystal oscillator is used.
- a stable and low phase noise signal of 120 GHz can be extracted from the output unit 49 of the oscillation circuit unit 15.
- the signal 53 from the injection circuit section 16 is injected into one end of the transmission line 102a.
- the signal 53 may be injected into any one end of the capacitive element 104.
- it may be injected into any one end of the transmission lines 102a and 102b.
- FIG. 12 shows a configuration of a seventh exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- the seventh embodiment is a microwave / millimeter-wave injection-locked oscillator having a frequency negative feedback loop, similarly to the fifth embodiment, and operates in the same manner. Therefore, in FIG. 12, the same parts as those in FIG. 10 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and different parts will be mainly described.
- the injection circuit unit 16 includes a power divider 311 connected between the signal generator 5 and the harmonic amplifier 110.
- the frequency negative feedback loop unit 17 includes a frequency divider 61 connected between the frequency mixer 122 and the band-pass filter 124.
- the output signal 51 from the duplexer 18 is frequency-divided by the frequency divider 61 to reduce the operating frequency and input to the frequency mixer 122. Let it.
- the signal from the signal generator 5 is directly split into two by the power splitter 311 without multiplication, and one signal 52 is input to the frequency mixer 122.
- the other two-divided signal 53 is input to the harmonic amplifier 110 to generate a harmonic component of the signal generator 5.
- the operating frequency of the frequency mixer 122 can be reduced, and the frequency negative feedback loop unit 17 can be manufactured very simply and at low cost.
- the output of the oscillation circuit section 15 can be obtained by using a 2 GHz reference signal source 5 having a crystal oscillator.
- a signal with a frequency of 64 GHz can be output from section 49.
- the operating frequency of the frequency mixer 122 is only 2 GHz.
- frequency divider 61 is used in this embodiment, a frequency mixer may be used instead of the frequency divider 61.
- the signal 53 from the injection circuit section 16 was injected into one end of the transmission line 102a, but the signal 53 may be injected into any negative end of the capacitive element 104. Also, any one end of the transmission line 102a or 102b May be injected.
- FIG. 13 shows a configuration of an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- the eighth embodiment is a microwave / millimeter wave injection locked oscillator having a frequency negative feedback loop, as in the seventh embodiment. Therefore, in Fig. 13, the same parts as those in Fig. 12 are denoted by the same symbols, and different points are mainly described.
- the eighth embodiment differs from the seventh embodiment only in the configuration of the signal generator 505 and the configuration of the frequency divider 561.
- a signal having a frequency of 1000 or more can be input to the frequency mixer 122. .
- a quasi-mic open-band reference signal generator 505 composed of a phase-locked oscillator is used.
- the reference signal generator 505 includes a voltage-controlled oscillator 84, a frequency divider 85, a crystal oscillator (temperature-controlled crystal oscillator) 87, a reference counter 81, a frequency mixer 82, and a loop filter.
- Ruta 8 consists of eight.
- a reference signal is output from the reference counter 81 to a reference signal output point 83 to be used as a comparison reference signal of the frequency mixer 122.
- the signal 54 from the voltage controlled oscillator 84 of the reference signal generator 505 passes through the h-order (h : / integer) harmonic amplifier 110, and the transmission line 102 of the resonance circuit 104. Is injected at one end.
- a low phase noise signal with a stable frequency of 60 GHz is extracted from the output section 49. be able to.
- This derived signal has the characteristics dominated by the frequency stability and low phase noise characteristics of the reference signal generator 505 (ie, the characteristics dominated by the frequency stability and low phase noise characteristics of the crystal oscillator 87). have.
- high-frequency signals are propagated from the divider 18 to the divider 561, but from the divider 561 to the frequency mixer 122.
- a signal having a frequency on the order of KHz to MHz propagates through the wiring of the reference signal and the wiring from the reference signal output point 83 to the frequency mixer 122. Therefore, there is a merit that assembly such as wiring and mounting for signal propagation becomes very easy.
- the signal 53 from the injection circuit section 16 is injected into one end of the transmission line 102a.
- the signal 53 is injected into any one end of the capacitive element 104. May be. Also, it may be injected into an arbitrary end of the transmission line 102a or 102b.
- the microwave and millimeter wave injection locked oscillator of the present invention is used in a communication device for wirelessly transmitting high-speed, large-capacity analog / digital information.
Landscapes
- Stabilization Of Oscillater, Synchronisation, Frequency Synthesizers (AREA)
- Inductance-Capacitance Distribution Constants And Capacitance-Resistance Oscillators (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE69736012T DE69736012T2 (de) | 1996-11-11 | 1997-11-07 | Injektionssynchronisierter Mirkowellen-/Millimeterwellen-Oszillator |
US09/297,935 US6252469B1 (en) | 1996-11-11 | 1997-11-07 | Microwave/millimeter-wave injection/synchronization oscillator |
EP97911482A EP1014587B1 (en) | 1996-11-11 | 1997-11-07 | Microwave/millimeter wave injection/synchronization oscillator |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP29697896A JPH10145143A (ja) | 1996-11-11 | 1996-11-11 | マイクロ波・ミリ波注入型同期発振器 |
JP8/296978 | 1996-11-11 | ||
JP27566297A JP3422915B2 (ja) | 1997-10-08 | 1997-10-08 | マイクロ波ミリ波注入同期型発振器 |
JP9/275662 | 1997-10-08 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1998021828A1 true WO1998021828A1 (fr) | 1998-05-22 |
Family
ID=26551570
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP1997/004060 WO1998021828A1 (fr) | 1996-11-11 | 1997-11-07 | Oscillateur d'injection/synchronisation d'ondes a frequence micro-onde/millimetrique |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6252469B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1014587B1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69736012T2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1998021828A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1093218A2 (en) * | 1999-10-07 | 2001-04-18 | Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Oscillator and radio equipment |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3889885B2 (ja) * | 1998-02-27 | 2007-03-07 | シャープ株式会社 | ミリ波送信装置、ミリ波受信装置、ミリ波送受信システム及び電子機器 |
DE10032822A1 (de) | 2000-07-06 | 2002-01-24 | Siemens Ag | Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Oszillatorsignals |
US6844786B2 (en) * | 2001-08-21 | 2005-01-18 | Associated Universities, Inc. | Millimeter- and submillimeter-wave noise generator |
US6810241B1 (en) | 2002-01-30 | 2004-10-26 | Northrop Grumman Corporation | Microwave diode mixer |
ATE524871T1 (de) * | 2003-04-01 | 2011-09-15 | Ericsson Telefon Ab L M | Passiver mischer |
JP2009529831A (ja) * | 2006-03-10 | 2009-08-20 | ティーエルシー プレシジョン ウエハー テクノロジー インク. | モノリシック構造の集積トランシーバ |
DE102006025436A1 (de) * | 2006-05-31 | 2007-12-20 | Symeo Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung Frequenz- und/oder phasenmodulierter Signale |
US8638175B2 (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2014-01-28 | Stmicroelectronics International N.V. | Coupled ring oscillator |
TWI442739B (zh) * | 2011-12-02 | 2014-06-21 | Univ Nat Sun Yat Sen | 應用注入鎖定技術之極座標接收機 |
CN110113007A (zh) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-08-09 | 华讯方舟科技有限公司 | 一种注入锁定振荡电路、频率调节方法及注入锁定振荡器 |
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- 1997-11-07 EP EP97911482A patent/EP1014587B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-07 DE DE69736012T patent/DE69736012T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-11-07 US US09/297,935 patent/US6252469B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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JPS5389347A (en) * | 1977-01-18 | 1978-08-05 | Nec Corp | Solid state oscillator for super high frequency phase synchronizing |
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EP1093218A2 (en) * | 1999-10-07 | 2001-04-18 | Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Oscillator and radio equipment |
EP1093218B1 (en) * | 1999-10-07 | 2006-03-08 | Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Oscillator and radio equipment |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1014587B1 (en) | 2006-05-31 |
EP1014587A4 (en) | 2000-06-28 |
US6252469B1 (en) | 2001-06-26 |
EP1014587A1 (en) | 2000-06-28 |
DE69736012T2 (de) | 2007-01-04 |
DE69736012D1 (de) | 2006-07-06 |
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