WO1996037697A1 - Einspritzventil - Google Patents
Einspritzventil Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1996037697A1 WO1996037697A1 PCT/DE1996/000816 DE9600816W WO9637697A1 WO 1996037697 A1 WO1996037697 A1 WO 1996037697A1 DE 9600816 W DE9600816 W DE 9600816W WO 9637697 A1 WO9637697 A1 WO 9637697A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- injection
- valve
- throttle
- needle
- control device
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/0012—Valves
- F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
- F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
- F02M63/0026—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
- F02M45/02—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts
- F02M45/04—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts with a small initial part, e.g. initial part for partial load and initial and main part for full load
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
- F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
- F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/70—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
- F02M2200/703—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/70—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
- F02M2200/703—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic
- F02M2200/704—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic with actuator and actuated element moving in different directions, e.g. in opposite directions
Definitions
- the invention relates to an injection valve according to the preamble of claim 1. »
- Such an injection valve is known for example from EP-A 0 531 533.
- This publication deals with a diesel injector with a high pressure system (Common Rail Syster ⁇ ) ; in which the fuel is supplied to a high-pressure accumulator via a high-pressure pump. This fuel, which is under high pressure, is then fed to the individual cylinders of a diesel engine via injection valves in accordance with a control.
- the injection valves are each controlled by a solenoid valve, for example to enable individual injection times.
- the injection valves should be able to be switched quickly at high injection pressures.
- a pre-injection is difficult to use when using a solenoid valve, since the switching times of the solenoid valve are too long and the valve has to go through the full stroke in order to achieve reproducible conditions, for example the injection quantity.
- the shaping of the injection rate i.e. Slow opening, but fastest closing of the nozzle needle, whereby the injection rate can be shaped according to a map, hardly possible.
- actuating by means of a piezo actuator offers the possibility of switching extremely quickly and actuating any valve intermediate position.
- the pre-injection quantity can be reproduced even with the smallest pre-injection quantity by reducing the injection rate (reducing the nozzle needle stroke).
- the injection valve can be designed as a so-called 2/2-way valve, which is characterized by a simple construction, since in this type only a simple seat valve for controlling the nozzle needle is required ⁇ is necessary.
- the illustration shows a 2/2-way valve with piezo actuator.
- the injection valve shown in the figure consists of an elongated housing 6, on the lower end of which a screw nut 3 is screwed on. With this union nut 3, an intermediate washer 4 and a nozzle body 1, in which a nozzle needle 2 is guided, are held from the lower end of the housing 6. Both the intermediate disc 4 and the nozzle body 1 have a central bore 35 in which the nozzle needle 2 is guided so as to be displaceable in the axial direction. At the end in the drawn state lies the nozzle
- REPLACEMENT BLA ⁇ (RULE 26) del 2 on an annular nozzle seat 36, in the area of which nozzle holes 37, 35 are provided which close the nozzle needle 2.
- the nozzle needle 2 is provided with a pressure pin 5, which is arranged in a spring chamber 30 provided in the housing 6 and is acted upon by a nozzle spring 7 arranged in the spring chamber 30, so that the nozzle needle 2 slightly in the direction of the nozzle seat 36 is biased and closes it.
- the other end of the nozzle spring 7 lies against the end of the spring chamber 30 opposite the pressure pin 5, an adjusting disk 9 being arranged between them for adjusting the nozzle spring pretensioning force.
- a locking piston 8 is connected to the pressure pin 5 at one end, which is partially encompassed by the nozzle spring 7 and ends at the other end in the region of a first pressure chamber 11.
- a control device for the nozzle needle 2 is fixedly connected to the housing 6 in the upper part of the injection nozzle.
- a hydraulically translated piezo drive is provided in the interior of the control housing and consists of a piezo actuator 20 which is mounted in a closure 21, which is sealed by an O-ring 22.
- a circlip 24 secures the piezo actuator 20 in the control housing in the axial direction.
- the electrical connection to the piezo actuator 20 is established via the electrical connections 23.
- the piezo actuator 20 bears against a primary piston 19, which acts on a plate spring 16, which has a large diameter.
- a secondary piston 39 is provided, which is firmly connected to a valve needle 27.
- a small spring 17 is provided, which is arranged between an inner surface of the primary piston 19 and the secondary piston 39 and presses the valve needle 27 onto a valve seat 40 which is connected to a secondary throttle 32.
- the secondary throttle 32 is connected to the first pressure chamber 11, which also has a
- Fuel inlet 12 is connected via an inlet bore 10 to a second pressure chamber 41, which is formed by a recess in the housing 6 in the area of the nozzle needle 2, the nozzle needle being stepped in this area, so that control surfaces for the nozzle needle 2 are thereby formed be formed.
- the space 31 in the area of the valve seat 40 forms a relief space and, if necessary, a further throttle for shaping the injection and is connected to a low-pressure inlet 29, to which a leakage bore 33, which opens into the spring space 30, is also connected. Furthermore, the low-pressure inlet 29 is connected to a filling inlet 34 to the working area 28 of the piezo drive and a relief bore 18 via a leakage chamber 26 to a return 25.
- the injection valve works as follows.
- the piezo actuator 20 is without voltage.
- the valve needle 27 rests on the seat 40 due to the force of the spring 17 in the secondary piston 39, as a result of which the secondary throttle 15 is closed and the connection to the low-pressure inlet 29 is interrupted.
- the high pressure is thus on the primary throttle 14 on the upper large surface of the closing piston 8.
- the high pressure is applied to the stepped smaller effective area of the nozzle needle 2 in the second pressure chamber 41, so that due to the effective areas the nozzle needle 2 (even without the action of the spring 7) is pressed onto its seat 36 which holds the nozzle openings 37 , 38 closes.
- the high pressure is also present on the valve seat 40 via a bore 15 and the secondary throttle 32.
- valve needle 27 If the valve needle 27 is now opened, a fuel volume flow escapes through the secondary drossei 32. If this volume flow is greater than that by the primary throttle 14 led volume flow, the pressure in the first pressure chamber 11 drops above the closing piston 8, so that the nozzle needle 2 opens, whereby the injection of the fuel is released. If the valve needle 27 is closed, the pressure in the first pressure chamber 11 increases and the nozzle needle 2 is pressed back onto its seat 36.
- the drive device for the valve needle 27 operates as follows.
- the piezo actuator 20 is charged. It expands and pushes the primary piston 19 down against the force of the plate spring 16.
- the working space 28 is completely filled with fuel, as a result of which the secondary piston 39 with the valve needle 27 is moved upward against the spring force of the spring 17. This will open the valve.
- the piezo actuator 20 is discharged, the valve needle 27 is closed again accordingly.
- the temperature compensation or the basic position of the valve is achieved via defined gaps between valve needle 27 and primary piston 19 and between primary piston 19 and secondary piston 27.
- the return line 25 at the injection valve is always subjected to a low pressure.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP96914067A EP0828935B1 (de) | 1995-05-24 | 1996-05-11 | Einspritzventil |
DE59604308T DE59604308D1 (de) | 1995-05-24 | 1996-05-11 | Einspritzventil |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19519192.7 | 1995-05-24 | ||
DE19519192A DE19519192C1 (de) | 1995-05-24 | 1995-05-24 | Einspritzventil |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1996037697A1 true WO1996037697A1 (de) | 1996-11-28 |
Family
ID=7762839
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE1996/000816 WO1996037697A1 (de) | 1995-05-24 | 1996-05-11 | Einspritzventil |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0828935B1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19519192C1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1996037697A1 (de) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2830571A1 (fr) * | 2001-09-15 | 2003-04-11 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Soupape pour commander un liquide |
WO2004106727A1 (en) * | 2003-05-30 | 2004-12-09 | Siemens Vdo Automotive S.P.A. | Injector assembly |
EP1440237B1 (de) * | 2001-10-19 | 2005-11-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Ventil zum steuern von flüssigkeiten |
Families Citing this family (28)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5779149A (en) * | 1996-07-02 | 1998-07-14 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Piezoelectric controlled common rail injector with hydraulic amplification of piezoelectric stroke |
DE19709794A1 (de) * | 1997-03-10 | 1998-09-17 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Ventil zum Steuern von Flüssigkeiten |
DE19724637A1 (de) * | 1997-06-11 | 1998-12-17 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Einspritzventil |
DE19726125C2 (de) * | 1997-06-20 | 1999-04-15 | Telefunken Microelectron | Verfahren zur Einspritzung von Kraftstoff |
DE19732802A1 (de) | 1997-07-30 | 1999-02-04 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung für Brennkraftmaschinen |
DE19743668A1 (de) * | 1997-10-02 | 1999-04-08 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Ventil zum Steuern von Flüssigkeiten |
DE19881448D2 (de) * | 1997-10-07 | 2000-04-13 | Fev Motorentech Gmbh | Einspritzdüse mit piezoelektrischem Aktuator |
GB9725804D0 (en) * | 1997-12-06 | 1998-02-04 | Lucas Ind Plc | Fuel injector |
DE19813983A1 (de) * | 1998-03-28 | 1999-09-30 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Ventil zum Steuern von Flüssigkeiten |
DE19835494C2 (de) | 1998-08-06 | 2000-06-21 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Pumpe-Düse-Einheit |
DE19851285C5 (de) * | 1998-11-06 | 2007-02-08 | Siemens Ag | Prüfvorrichtung für ein Kraftstoffeinspritzventil |
DE19902807C1 (de) * | 1999-01-25 | 2000-06-08 | Siemens Ag | Leerhubeinstellung zwischen einem Aktor und einem vom Aktor betätigten Servoventil in einem Kraftstoffinjektor |
EP1163440B1 (de) * | 1999-03-18 | 2005-10-05 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Kraftstoffinjektor |
DE19921242C1 (de) | 1999-05-07 | 2000-10-26 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zum Positionieren des Stellantriebs in einem Kraftstoffinjektor und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
DE19946732B4 (de) * | 1999-09-29 | 2004-07-15 | Siemens Ag | Vorrichtung zum Übertragen einer Auslenkung eines Aktors auf ein Stellglied und Kraftstoffinjektor mit einer solchen Vorrichtung |
DE19950223A1 (de) * | 1999-10-19 | 2001-04-26 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Injektor für ein Common-Rail-Einspritzsystem für Brennkraftmaschinen mit teilweisem Kraftausgleich der Düsennadel |
DE19951004A1 (de) | 1999-10-22 | 2001-04-26 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Hydraulische Steuervorrichtung, insbesondere für einen Injektor |
GB9925410D0 (en) * | 1999-10-28 | 1999-12-29 | Lucus Ind Plc | Actuator arrangement |
DE19951964A1 (de) * | 1999-10-28 | 2001-05-03 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen |
DE19954802A1 (de) | 1999-11-13 | 2001-05-17 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Brennstoffeinspritzventil |
DE10029629A1 (de) * | 2000-06-15 | 2002-01-03 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung für Brennkraftmaschinen |
DE10042231B4 (de) * | 2000-08-28 | 2004-09-30 | Siemens Ag | Einspspritzventil für die Einspritzung von Kraftstoff in eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine sowie Verfahren zur Steuerung des Öffnungs-und Schließvorgangs einer Düsennadel eines Einspritzventils |
DE10043625C2 (de) * | 2000-09-05 | 2003-03-27 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Hydraulisch übersetztes Ventil |
DE10062896B4 (de) * | 2000-12-16 | 2009-12-17 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine |
DE10218024A1 (de) * | 2002-04-23 | 2003-11-06 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine |
JP2004052619A (ja) * | 2002-07-18 | 2004-02-19 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | 液体噴射装置 |
DE10332090B4 (de) * | 2003-07-15 | 2011-08-11 | Robert Bosch GmbH, 70469 | Brennstoffeinspritzventil |
DE10333752A1 (de) * | 2003-07-24 | 2005-02-24 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0324905A1 (de) * | 1988-01-21 | 1989-07-26 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für einen Motor |
EP0426205A2 (de) * | 1985-12-02 | 1991-05-08 | Marco Alfredo Ganser | Steuereinrichtung für elektro-hydraulisch betätigte Kraftstoffeinspritzventile |
DE4119467A1 (de) * | 1991-06-13 | 1992-12-17 | Daimler Benz Ag | Vorrichtung zur kraft- und hubuebersetzung bzw. -uebertragung |
DE4404050C1 (de) * | 1994-02-09 | 1994-12-01 | Daimler Benz Ag | Injektor mit Magnetventilsteuerung für eine Brennkraftmaschine |
DE4341739C1 (de) * | 1993-12-08 | 1995-03-30 | Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh | Einspritzsystem |
GB2284236A (en) * | 1993-11-26 | 1995-05-31 | Daimler Benz Ag | I.c. engine fuel injector |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1992012341A1 (en) * | 1991-01-14 | 1992-07-23 | Nippondenso Co., Ltd. | Pressure accumulation type fuel jetting device |
-
1995
- 1995-05-24 DE DE19519192A patent/DE19519192C1/de not_active Revoked
-
1996
- 1996-05-11 WO PCT/DE1996/000816 patent/WO1996037697A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1996-05-11 EP EP96914067A patent/EP0828935B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-05-11 DE DE59604308T patent/DE59604308D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0426205A2 (de) * | 1985-12-02 | 1991-05-08 | Marco Alfredo Ganser | Steuereinrichtung für elektro-hydraulisch betätigte Kraftstoffeinspritzventile |
EP0324905A1 (de) * | 1988-01-21 | 1989-07-26 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für einen Motor |
DE4119467A1 (de) * | 1991-06-13 | 1992-12-17 | Daimler Benz Ag | Vorrichtung zur kraft- und hubuebersetzung bzw. -uebertragung |
GB2284236A (en) * | 1993-11-26 | 1995-05-31 | Daimler Benz Ag | I.c. engine fuel injector |
DE4341739C1 (de) * | 1993-12-08 | 1995-03-30 | Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh | Einspritzsystem |
DE4404050C1 (de) * | 1994-02-09 | 1994-12-01 | Daimler Benz Ag | Injektor mit Magnetventilsteuerung für eine Brennkraftmaschine |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2830571A1 (fr) * | 2001-09-15 | 2003-04-11 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Soupape pour commander un liquide |
EP1440237B1 (de) * | 2001-10-19 | 2005-11-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Ventil zum steuern von flüssigkeiten |
WO2004106727A1 (en) * | 2003-05-30 | 2004-12-09 | Siemens Vdo Automotive S.P.A. | Injector assembly |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0828935A1 (de) | 1998-03-18 |
DE59604308D1 (de) | 2000-03-02 |
EP0828935B1 (de) | 2000-01-26 |
DE19519192C1 (de) | 1996-06-05 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE19519192C1 (de) | Einspritzventil | |
EP0828936B1 (de) | Einspritzventil | |
EP0925440B1 (de) | Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung | |
EP0745184A1 (de) | Verfahren zur reduzierung des kraftstoffdruckes in einer kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung | |
DE19742320A1 (de) | Kraftstoffeinspritzventil | |
DE4332119A1 (de) | Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für Brennkraftmaschinen | |
WO2002084106A1 (de) | Ventil zum steuern von flüssigkeiten | |
DE19946906A1 (de) | Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen | |
WO2008061844A1 (de) | Kraftstoffinjektor | |
DE102009039647A1 (de) | Kraftstoffinjektor und Kraftstoff-Einspritzsystem | |
WO2008049699A1 (de) | Kraftstoffinjektor | |
EP1927748A2 (de) | Kraftstoffinjektor | |
WO2005015000A1 (de) | Schaltventil mit druckausgleich für einen kraftstoffinjektor mit druckverstärker | |
EP0752062A1 (de) | Einspritzventil für brennkraftmaschinen | |
EP1939441A2 (de) | Kraftstoffinjektor | |
WO2002053958A1 (de) | Ventil zum steuern von flüssigkeiten | |
DE102008042227A1 (de) | Kraftstoff-Injektor | |
WO2006058604A1 (de) | Kraftstoff-injektor | |
DE102005054927A1 (de) | Kraftstoffinjektor mit verbesserter Einspritzmengenstabilität | |
EP2733345A1 (de) | Druckregelventil für einen Hochdruckspeicher eines Verbrennungsmotors | |
EP0752060B1 (de) | Einspritzventil | |
DE102005026979A1 (de) | Kraftstoffinjektor mit einer steuerbaren Ablaufdrossel einer Servoventil-Einheit zur Steuerung einer Düsennadel | |
DE10233574B4 (de) | Ventil zum Steuern von Flüssigkeiten | |
DE19947196A1 (de) | Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für Brennkraftmaschinen | |
DE102005003449A1 (de) | Spielausgleichselement mit einer steuerbaren Drosselstelle für einen Kraftstoffinjektor sowie Kraftstoffinjektor mit einem Spielausgleichselement |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): BR CA CN CZ JP KR MX RU UA US |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE |
|
DFPE | Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101) | ||
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1996914067 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1996914067 Country of ref document: EP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: CA |
|
WWG | Wipo information: grant in national office |
Ref document number: 1996914067 Country of ref document: EP |